Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities | 4. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Fair Value, Notional and Offsetting of Derivative Assets and Liabilities Derivative Assets at September 30, 2016 Fair Value Notional $ in millions Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Derivatives designated as accounting hedges Interest rate contracts $ 2,971 $ 3,471 $ — $ 6,442 $ 33,772 $ 69,219 $ — $ 102,991 Foreign exchange contracts 24 — — 24 3,355 127 — 3,482 Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges 2,995 3,471 — 6,466 37,127 69,346 — 106,473 Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 1 Interest rate contracts 268,198 144,030 208 412,436 3,696,991 5,940,043 2,054,389 11,691,423 Credit contracts 11,977 2,747 — 14,724 389,167 132,408 — 521,575 Foreign exchange contracts 50,749 305 124 51,178 1,753,186 29,605 18,706 1,801,497 Equity contracts 22,739 — 20,682 43,421 358,008 — 291,873 649,881 Commodity contracts 10,543 — 3,059 13,602 66,102 — 87,714 153,816 Other 25 — — 25 1,548 — — 1,548 Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 364,231 147,082 24,073 535,386 6,265,002 6,102,056 2,452,682 14,819,740 Total gross derivatives 2 $ 367,226 $ 150,553 $ 24,073 $ 541,852 $ 6,302,129 $ 6,171,402 $ 2,452,682 $ 14,926,213 Amounts offset Counterparty netting (285,971) (146,721) (21,035) (453,727) Cash collateral netting (52,879) (2,161) — (55,040) Total derivative assets at fair value included in Trading assets $ 28,376 $ 1,671 $ 3,038 $ 33,085 Amounts not offset 3 Financial instruments collateral (10,464) — — (10,464) Other cash collateral (174) — — (174) Net exposure $ 17,738 $ 1,671 $ 3,038 $ 22,447 Derivative Liabilities at September 30, 2016 Fair Value Notional $ in millions Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Derivatives designated as accounting hedges Interest rate contracts $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 7 $ 27 $ — $ 34 Foreign exchange contracts 309 23 — 332 5,494 694 — 6,188 Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges 309 23 — 332 5,501 721 — 6,222 Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 1 Interest rate contracts 251,071 146,712 206 397,989 3,634,398 5,741,556 876,249 10,252,203 Credit contracts 13,461 2,703 — 16,164 453,893 118,266 — 572,159 Foreign exchange contracts 55,515 374 22 55,911 1,826,734 33,421 13,943 1,874,098 Equity contracts 25,299 — 21,353 46,652 374,098 — 295,580 669,678 Commodity contracts 7,723 — 2,943 10,666 69,764 — 65,585 135,349 Other 76 — — 76 4,429 — — 4,429 Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 353,145 149,789 24,524 527,458 6,363,316 5,893,243 1,251,357 13,507,916 Total gross derivatives 2 $ 353,454 $ 149,812 $ 24,524 $ 527,790 $ 6,368,817 $ 5,893,964 $ 1,251,357 $ 13,514,138 Amounts offset Counterparty netting (285,971) (146,721) (21,035) (453,727) Cash collateral netting (38,445) (3,097) — (41,542) Total derivative liabilities at fair value included in Trading liabilities $ 29,038 $ (6) $ 3,489 $ 32,521 Amounts not offset 3 Financial instruments collateral (11,922) — (649) (12,571) Other cash collateral (13) (3) — (16) Net exposure $ 17,103 $ (9) $ 2,840 $ 19,934 Derivative Assets at December 31, 2015 Fair Value Notional $ in millions Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Derivatives designated as accounting hedges Interest rate contracts $ 2,825 $ 1,442 $ — $ 4,267 $ 36,999 $ 35,362 $ — $ 72,361 Foreign exchange contracts 166 1 — 167 5,996 167 — 6,163 Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges 2,991 1,443 — 4,434 42,995 35,529 — 78,524 Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 4 Interest rate contracts 220,289 101,276 212 321,777 4,348,002 5,748,525 1,218,645 11,315,172 Credit contracts 19,310 3,609 — 22,919 585,731 139,301 — 725,032 Foreign exchange contracts 64,438 295 55 64,788 1,907,290 13,402 7,715 1,928,407 Equity contracts 20,212 — 20,077 40,289 316,770 — 229,859 546,629 Commodity contracts 13,114 — 4,038 17,152 67,449 — 82,313 149,762 Other 219 — — 219 5,684 — — 5,684 Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 337,582 105,180 24,382 467,144 7,230,926 5,901,228 1,538,532 14,670,686 Total gross derivatives 2 $ 340,573 $ 106,623 $ 24,382 $ 471,578 $ 7,273,921 $ 5,936,757 $ 1,538,532 $ 14,749,210 Amounts offset Counterparty netting (265,707) (104,294) (21,592) (391,593) Cash collateral netting (50,335) (1,037) — (51,372) Total derivative assets at fair value included in Trading assets $ 24,531 $ 1,292 $ 2,790 $ 28,613 Amounts not offset 3 Financial instruments collateral (9,190) — — (9,190) Other cash collateral (9) — — (9) Net exposure $ 15,332 $ 1,292 $ 2,790 $ 19,414 Derivative Liabilities at December 31, 2015 Fair Value Notional $ in millions Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Bilateral OTC Cleared OTC Exchange Traded Total Derivatives designated as accounting hedges Interest rate contracts $ 20 $ 250 $ — $ 270 $ 3,560 $ 9,869 $ — $ 13,429 Foreign exchange contracts 56 6 — 62 4,604 455 — 5,059 Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges 76 256 — 332 8,164 10,324 — 18,488 Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 4 Interest rate contracts 203,004 103,852 283 307,139 4,030,039 5,682,322 1,077,710 10,790,071 Credit contracts 19,942 3,723 — 23,665 562,027 131,388 — 693,415 Foreign exchange contracts 65,034 232 22 65,288 1,868,015 13,322 2,655 1,883,992 Equity contracts 25,708 — 20,424 46,132 332,734 — 229,266 562,000 Commodity contracts 10,864 — 3,887 14,751 59,169 — 62,974 122,143 Other 43 — — 43 4,114 — — 4,114 Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges 324,595 107,807 24,616 457,018 6,856,098 5,827,032 1,372,605 14,055,735 Total gross derivatives 2 $ 324,671 $ 108,063 $ 24,616 $ 457,350 $ 6,864,262 $ 5,837,356 $ 1,372,605 $ 14,074,223 Amounts offset Counterparty netting (265,707) (104,294) (21,592) (391,593) Cash collateral netting (33,332) (2,951) — (36,283) Total derivative liabilities at fair value included in Trading liabilities $ 25,632 $ 818 $ 3,024 $ 29,474 Amounts not offset 3 Financial instruments collateral (5,384) — (405) (5,789) Other cash collateral (5) — — (5) Net exposure $ 20,243 $ 818 $ 2,619 $ 23,680 OTC—Over-the-counter 1 . Notional amounts include gross notionals related to open long and short futures contracts of $ 1,714.6 billion and $ 431.1 billion, respectively. The unsettled fair value on these futures contracts (excluded from this table) of $ 1,784 million and $ 55 million is included in Customer and other receivables and Customer and other payables, respecti vely, in the consolidated balance sheets. 2 . Amounts include transactions which are either not subject to master netting agreements or collateral agreements or are subject to such agreements but the Firm has not determined the agreements to be legally enf orceable as follows: $ 4.2 billion of derivative assets and $ 5.0 billion of derivative liabilities at September 30, 2016 , and $ 4.2 billion of derivative assets and $ 5.2 billion of derivative liabilities at December 31, 2015 . 3. Amounts relate to master netting agreements and collateral agreements that have been determined by the Firm to be legally enforceable in the event of default but where certain other criteria are not met in accordance with applicable offsetting accounting guidance. 4. Notional amounts include gross notionals related to open long and short futures contracts of $ 1,009.5 billion and $ 653.0 billion, respectively. The unsettled fair value on these futures contracts (excluded from this table) of $ 1,14 5 million and $ 437 million is included in Customer and other receivables and Customer and other payables, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets. For information related to offsetting of certain collateralized transactions, see Note 6. For a discussion of the Firm’s derivative instruments and hedging activities, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in the 2015 Form 10-K . Gains (Losses) on Fair Value Hedges Gains (Losses) Recognized in Interest Expense Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, $ in millions 2016 2015 2016 2015 Derivatives $ (733) $ 1,531 $ 2,386 $ 390 Borrowings 790 (1,696) (2,492) (678) Total $ 57 $ (165) $ (106) $ (288) Gains (Losses) on Net Investment Hedges Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCI (effective portion) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, $ in millions 2016 2015 2016 2015 Foreign exchange contracts 1 $ (60) $ 210 $ (396) $ 391 1 . Losses of $ 20 million in the current quarter and $ 59 million in the current year period recognized in Interest income were related to the forward points on the hedging instruments that were excluded from hedge effectiveness testing . Losses of $ 3 7 million in the prior year quarter and $ 117 million in the prior year period recognized in Interest income were related to the forward points on the hedging instruments that were excluded from hedge effectiveness testing. Gains (Losses) on Trading Instrument s Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, $ in millions 2016 2015 2016 2015 Interest rate contracts $ 357 $ 216 $ 983 $ 1,141 Foreign exchange contracts 170 91 769 606 Equity security and index contracts 1 1,415 968 4,360 4,309 Commodity and other contracts 2 63 164 (61) 980 Credit contracts 604 152 1,369 871 Subtotal $ 2,609 $ 1,591 $ 7,420 $ 7,907 Debt valuation adjustments 3 — 435 — 742 Total trading revenue $ 2,609 $ 2,026 $ 7,420 $ 8,649 1. Dividend income is included within equity security and index contracts. 2. Other contracts represent contracts not reported as interest rate, foreign exchange, equity security and index or credit contracts. 3 . In accordance with the early adoption of a provision of the accounting update Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities , unrealized DVA gains (losses) in the current quarter and current year period are recorded within OCI in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. In the prior year quarter and prior year period, the DVA gains (losses) were recorded within Trading revenues in the consolidated statements of income. See Notes 2 and 14 for further informat ion. The previous table summarizes gains and losses included in Trading revenues in the consolidated statements of income from trading activities. These activities include revenues related to derivative and non-derivative financial instruments. The Firm generally utilizes financial instruments across a variety of product types in connection with their market-making and related risk management strategies. Accordingly, the trading revenues presented in the following table are not representative of the manner in which the Firm manages its business activities and are prepared in a manner similar to the presentation of trading revenues for regulatory reporting purposes. OTC Derivative Products—Trading Assets Counterparty Credit Rating and Remaining Maturity of OTC Derivative Assets Fair Value at September 30, 2016 1 Contractual Years to Maturity Cross-Maturity and Cash Collateral Netting 2 Net Exposure Post-cash Collateral Net Exposure Post-collateral 3 $ in millions Less than 1 1-3 3-5 Over 5 Credit Rating 4 AAA $ 167 $ 383 $ 991 $ 4,603 $ (5,361) $ 783 $ 705 AA 2,095 1,847 1,913 13,532 (13,963) 5,424 3,252 A 7,940 7,561 4,958 28,357 (37,040) 11,776 6,345 BBB 3,764 3,895 2,825 14,720 (16,747) 8,457 6,386 Non-investment grade 2,760 2,102 746 3,433 (5,608) 3,433 2,721 Total $ 16,726 $ 15,788 $ 11,433 $ 64,645 $ (78,719) $ 29,873 $ 19,409 Fair Value at December 31, 2015 1 Contractual Years to Maturity Cross-Maturity and Cash Collateral Netting 2 Net Exposure Post-cash Collateral Net Exposure Post-collateral 3 $ in millions Less than 1 1-3 3-5 Over 5 Credit Rating 4 AAA $ 203 $ 453 $ 827 $ 3,665 $ (4,319) $ 829 $ 715 AA 2,689 2,000 1,876 9,223 (10,981) 4,807 2,361 A 9,748 8,191 4,774 20,918 (34,916) 8,715 5,448 BBB 3,614 4,863 1,948 11,801 (15,086) 7,140 4,934 Non-investment grade 3,982 2,333 1,157 3,567 (6,716) 4,323 3,166 Total $ 20,236 $ 17,840 $ 10,582 $ 49,174 $ (72,018) $ 25,814 $ 16,624 1 . Fair values shown represent the Firm’s net exposure to counterparties related to its OTC derivative products. 2 . Amounts represent the netting of receivable balances with payable balances for the same counterparty across maturity categories. Receivable and payable balances with the same counterparty in the same maturity category are netted within such maturity category, where appropriate. Cash collateral received is ne tted on a counterparty basis, provided legal right of offset exists. 3 . Fair value is shown, net of collateral received (primarily cash and U.S. government and agency securities). 4 . Obligor credit ratings are determined by the Credit Risk Management Department. Credit Risk-Related Contingencies In connection with certain OTC trading agreements, the Firm may be required to provide additional collateral or immediately settle any outstanding liability balances with certain counterparties in the event of a credit rating downgrade of the Firm. The following table presents the aggregate fair value of certain derivative contracts that contain credit risk-related contingent features that are in a net liability position for which the Firm has posted collateral in the normal course of business. Net Derivative Liabilities and Collat eral Posted $ in millions At September 30, 2016 Net derivative liabilities with credit risk- related contingent features $ 30,232 Collateral posted 26,761 The additional collateral or termination payments that may be called in the event of a future credit rating downgrade vary by contract and can be based on ratings by either or both of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“ Moody’s”) and Standard & Poor’s Global Ratings (“ S&P”) . The following table shows the future potential collateral amounts and termination payments that could be called or required by counterparties or exchange and clearing organizations in the event of one-notch or two-notch downgrade scenarios based on the relevant contractual downgrade triggers. Incremental Collateral or Termination Payments upon Potential Future Ratings Downgrade $ in millions At September 30, 2016 1 One-notch downgrade $ 1,279 Two-notch downgrade 1,245 1 . Amounts include $ 1,758 million related to bilateral arrangements between the Firm and other parties where upon the downgrade of one party, the downgraded party must deliver collateral to the other party. These bilateral downgrade arrangements are used by the Firm to manage the risk of counterparty downgrades. Credit Derivatives and Other Credit Contracts The Firm enters into credit derivatives, principally through credit default swaps, under which it receives or provides protection against the risk of default on a set of debt obligations issued by a specified reference entity or entities. A majority of the Firm’s counterparties are banks, broker-dealers and insurance and other financial institutions. For further information on credit derivatives and other credit contracts, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in the 2015 Form 10-K. Protection Sold and Purchased with Credit Default Swaps At September 30, 2016 Protection Sold Protection Purchased $ in millions Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability Single name credit default swaps $ 318,840 $ (1,188) $ 312,236 $ 1,139 Index and basket credit default swaps 169,147 286 142,842 (510) Tranched index and basket credit default swaps 38,157 (971) 112,512 2,684 Total $ 526,144 $ (1,873) $ 567,590 $ 3,313 At December 31, 2015 Protection Sold Protection Purchased $ in millions Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability Single name credit default swaps $ 420,806 $ 1,980 $ 405,361 $ (2,079) Index and basket credit default swaps 199,688 (102) 173,936 (82) Tranched index and basket credit default swaps 69,025 (1,093) 149,631 2,122 Total $ 689,519 $ 785 $ 728,928 $ (39) For single name and non-tranched index and basket credit default swaps, the Firm has purchased protection with a not ional amount of approximately $ 452.2 billion and $ 577.7 billion at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, compared with a not ional amount of approximately $ 485.9 billion and $ 619.5 billion (included in the following tables) at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, of credit protection sold with identical un de rlying reference obligations. Credit Ratings of Reference Obligation and Maturities of Credit Protection Sold At September 30, 2016 Maximum Potential Payout/Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability 1 Years to Maturity $ in millions Less than 1 1-3 3-5 Over 5 Total Single name credit default swaps 2 Investment grade $ 92,473 $ 81,544 $ 41,534 $ 12,856 $ 228,407 $ (1,438) Non-investment grade 40,204 34,089 14,633 1,507 90,433 250 Total single name credit default swaps 132,677 115,633 56,167 14,363 318,840 (1,188) Index and basket credit default swaps 2 Investment grade 22,936 35,780 25,744 16,044 100,504 (1,003) Non-investment grade 52,148 27,175 14,979 12,498 106,800 318 Total index and basket credit default swaps 75,084 62,955 40,723 28,542 207,304 (685) Total credit default swaps sold $ 207,761 $ 178,588 $ 96,890 $ 42,905 $ 526,144 $ (1,873) Other credit contracts 55 18 — 260 333 (9) Total credit derivatives and other credit contracts $ 207,816 $ 178,606 $ 96,890 $ 43,165 $ 526,477 $ (1,882) At December 31, 2015 Maximum Potential Payout/Notional Fair Value (Asset)/ Liability 1 Years to Maturity $ in millions Less than 1 1-3 3-5 Over 5 Total Single name credit default swaps 2 Investment grade $ 84,543 $ 138,467 $ 63,754 $ 12,906 $ 299,670 $ (1,831) Non-investment grade 38,054 56,261 24,432 2,389 121,136 3,811 Total single name credit default swaps $ 122,597 $ 194,728 $ 88,186 $ 15,295 $ 420,806 $ 1,980 Index and basket credit default swaps 2 Investment grade $ 33,507 $ 59,403 $ 45,505 $ 5,327 $ 143,742 $ (1,977) Non-investment grade 52,590 43,899 15,480 13,002 124,971 782 Total index and basket credit default swaps $ 86,097 $ 103,302 $ 60,985 $ 18,329 $ 268,713 $ (1,195) Total credit default swaps sold $ 208,694 $ 298,030 $ 149,171 $ 33,624 $ 689,519 $ 785 Other credit contracts 19 107 2 332 460 (24) Total credit derivatives and other credit contracts $ 208,713 $ 298,137 $ 149,173 $ 33,956 $ 689,979 $ 761 1. Fair value amounts are shown on a gross basis prior to cash collateral or counterparty netting. 2 . In order to provide an indication of the current payment status or performance risk of the CDS, a breakdown of CDS based on the Firm’s internal credit ratings by investment grade and non-investment grade is provided. Internal credit ratings serve as the Credit Risk Management Department’s assessment of credit risk, and the basis for a comprehensive credit limits framework used to control credit risk. The Firm uses quantitative models and judgment to estimate the various risk parameters related to each obligor. |