UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
- REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
- ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003
- TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 1-11870
MADECO S.A.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
MADECO INC.
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
Republic of Chile
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Ureta Cox 930, Santiago, Chile
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered |
American Depositary Shares representing Common Stock | New York Stock Exchange |
Common Stock, without par value | New York Stock Exchange* |
___________
* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares which are evidenced by American Depositary Receipts.
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
Not applicable
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
Not applicable
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
Common Stock, without par value..................... 4,120,088,408
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YesT No£
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
Item 17£ Item 18T
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION*
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS*
REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION*
PART I*
ITEM 1.Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers*
ITEM 2.Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable*
ITEM 3.Key Information*
ITEM 4.Information on the Company*
ITEM 5.Operating and Financial Review and Prospects*
ITEM 6.Directors, Senior Management and Employees*
ITEM 7.Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions*
ITEM 8.Financial Information*
ITEM 9.The Offer and Listing*
ITEM 10.Additional Information*
ITEM 11.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk*
ITEM 12.Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities*
PART II*
ITEM 13.Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies*
ITEM 14.Material Modifications of the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds*
ITEM 15.*
ITEM 16.*
PART III*
ITEM 17.Financial Statements*
ITEM 18.Financial Statements*
ITEM 19.Exhibits*
Madeco S.A. is asociedad anonima abierta (open stock corporation) organized under the laws of the Republic of Chile ("Chile"). In this Annual Report on Form 20-F (the "Annual Report"), unless otherwise specified, all references to "Madeco" or the "Company" are to Madeco S.A. together with its consolidated subsidiaries and references to "Madeco Chile" include only Madeco S.A. The fiscal year for the Company ends on December 31 of each year. Madeco prepares its financial statements in Chilean pesos and in conformity with Chilean generally accepted accounting principles, or "Chilean GAAP". Chilean GAAP as applied to Madeco differs in certain important respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). See Note 36 to Madeco's audited consolidated financial statements (together with the notes thereto, the "Consolidated Financial Statements") for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 (with the exception of the Balance Sheet, which is included only as of December 31, 2002 and 2003), contained elsewhere in this Annual Report, for a description of the principal differences between Chilean GAAP and U.S. GAAP as they relate to the Company and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net loss and total shareholders' equity for the periods and as of the dates therein indicated. Unless otherwise specified, financial data for all periods included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and elsewhere throughout this Annual Report have been restated in constant Chilean pesos as of December 31, 2003 (which is further explained in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). For clarity of presentation, certain amounts represented in U.S. dollars and Chilean pesos, as well as percentages, have been rounded. As a result, certain totals may not directly reflect the sum of their components.
Madeco's operations are organized into four business units: Wire and Cable, Brass Mills, Flexible Packaging and Aluminum Profiles. The following table sets forth the divisions within each business unit as well as the countries where Madeco maintains operations for each respective business:
Business Unit | Divisions | Countries of Operations |
Wire and Cable | Metallic Cable Copper Rod Optical Fiber(2) | Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina(1) Chile and Peru Brazil and Argentina |
Brass Mills | Pipes, Bars and Sheets ("PBS") Coins and Sheets | Chile and Argentina(1) Chile |
Flexible Packaging | N/A | Chile and Argentina |
Aluminum Profiles | N/A | Chile and Bolivia (representative office) |
(1)Certain of the facilities in these segments in Argentina are currently non-operating. See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2) See "Item 4. Information on the Company - Optical Fiber" and "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
To facilitate an understanding of the Company's activities and performance, information for a business unit may be presented by division. In each division, exports are defined as sales to customers in countries where the Company does not maintain operations for the corresponding business.
The Company uses the metric system of weights and measures in calculating its operating and financial data. A conversion table of the most common metric units used by the Company and their U.S. equivalent units is set forth below:
1 kilometer = 0.6214 miles | 1 mile = 1.6093 kilometers |
1 meter = 3.2808 feet | 1 foot = 0.3048 meters |
1 kilogram = 2.2046 pounds | 1 pound = 0.4536 kilograms |
1 ton = 2,204.6 pounds |
This Annual Report contains various estimates by the Company of industry size, market share data and related sales volume information. These estimates are based principally on the Company's analysis of available information, which includes: (i) the Company's internal production and sales data; (ii) import and export reports made available by customs authorities; (iii) copper sales reports fromCorporación Chilena del Cobre(the Chilean Copper Corporation, or "Cochilco"); (iv) import and export reports from central banks of the countries where the Company has operations; (v) production reports from the Company's suppliers of copper rods; (vi) sales information filed publicly by some of the Company's competitors; and (vii) information informally obtained from market participants and the Company's suppliers. No third parties or other independent companies have provided estimates or confirmed the Company's market share calculations and estimates. Sources that use methodologies whic h are not identical to the Company's may produce different results.
This Annual Report includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"). These statements relate to analyses and other information, which are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. The statements also relate to the Company's future prospects, development and business strategies.
These forward-looking statements are identified by the use of terms and phrases such as "anticipates", "believes", "could", "designed to", "estimates", "expects", "goal", "intends", "may", "plans", "predicts", "projects", "should", "thinks", "will" and similar terms and phrases. Actual results could differ materially from those expected by the Company, depending on the outcome of certain factors, including, without limitation:
Estimates Relating to the Company's Capital Expenditures Plan. The Company reviews its capital investment program periodically and changes to the program are made as it believes is appropriate. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will fully implement its capital expenditures plan and the actual amount of future capital expenditures will depend on a variety of factors. See"Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Capital Expenditures" for a discussion of the Company's expected future capital expenditures;
"Cost-plus" Pricing Policy. Although the Company intends to continue its cost-plus pricing policy, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to increase its selling prices in response to increases in the cost of raw materials in the future. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors", "Item 4. Information on the Company - Raw Materials" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Fluctuations in LME Metal Prices and Exchange Rates between Countries" for a discussion of the effects of fluctuations in the price of raw materials;
Competition. Although the Company believes it will continue to compete effectively in its markets and industries, no assurance can be given in this regard. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors" and "Item 4. Information on the Company - Business Overview" for a discussion of factors that could affect the Company's ability to compete;
Dividends. The Company's current dividend policy is subject to various factors, including those described under "Item 8. Financial Information - Dividend Policy";
Economic Developments in Argentina and Latin America Generally. The economic deterioration in Argentina had materially adversely affected the Company. Adverse changes in any of the Latin American economies where the Company operates with respect to economic growth, currency devaluation, rates of inflation and other factors could have an adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations. See "Item 3. Key Information - Selected Financial Data, and - Risk Factors" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview";
Political Developments in Latin America. Adverse changes in the political situations in countries where the Company operates, including, without limitation, political instability and reversal of market-oriented reforms or the failure of such reforms to achieve their goals, could have an adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors";
Developments in Local and International Markets. Adverse changes in the international markets for the Company's products, including local markets where the Company maintain operations as well as other Latin American countries, Asia, the United States or Europe could have an adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations; and
Additional Factors. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors", for a discussion of some of the additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected by the Company.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to release publicly the result of any revisions to these forward-looking statements which may be made to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof, including, without limitation, changes in the Company's business strategy or planned capital expenditures, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Written requests for copies of this Annual Report should be directed to Madeco S.A., Ureta Cox 930, San Miguel, Santiago, Chile, Attention: Marisol Fernandez, Investor Relations. Facsimile requests may be directed to (56-2) 520-1545. Telephone requests may be directed to (56-2) 520-1380 or (56-2) 520-1000. E-mail requests may be directed to ir@madeco.cl. Additional information about the Company and its products can be found atwww.madeco.cl. The contents of this website are not incorporated into this Annual Report.
PART I
ITEM 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
Not applicable
ITEM 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
The following table presents selected consolidated financial information for the Company as of the dates and for each of the periods indicated. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company included elsewhere herein. The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with Chilean GAAP, which differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 36 to the Consolidated Financial Statements provides a description of the principal differences between Chilean GAAP and U.S. GAAP as they relate to the Company and includes a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net loss for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 and shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 and 2003.
For clarity of presentation, certain amounts represented in U.S. dollars and Chilean pesos, as well as percentages, have been rounded. As a result, certain totals may not directly reflect the sum of their components.
Financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 is presented below in constant pesos of December 31, 2003.
Year ended December 31, | |||||
1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
(in millions of constant Ch$ as of December 31, 2003) | |||||
Income Statement Data (Chilean GAAP) | |||||
Net sales | 281,904 | 324,409 | 344,856 | 258,845 | 237,666 |
Operating income (loss) | (14,185) | 10,698 | 11,082 | 4,043 | 7,457 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | (14,185) | 10,698 | 11,082 | 4,043 | 7,457 |
Non-operating income | 18,363 | 5,593 | 6,132 | 2,296 | 1,882 |
Non-operating expense | (49,267) | (29,752) | (56,453) | (41,820) | (25,698) |
Price-level restatement and translation losses | (12,259) | (5,974) | (13,730) | (8,527) | 1,740 |
Income tax | (2,993) | 1,560 | (435) | 1,416 | (1,592) |
Net loss | (58,390) | (17,978) | (52,050) | (40,568) | (16,734) |
Per share (Chilean GAAP) | |||||
Number of shares | 370,917,661 | 386,000,000 | 386,000,000 | 405,511,028 | 4,120,088,408 |
Net loss | (157.4) | (46.6) | (134.8) | (100.0) | (4.1) |
Dividend per share in Ch$(1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Dividend per ADS in US$(1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Income Statement Data (U.S. GAAP) | |||||
Net sales | 281,426 | 323,935 | 344,241 | 254,803 | 238,396 |
Operating income (loss) | (14,162) | 10,628 | (22,219) | (18,338) | 5,569 |
Net loss | (45,403) | (26,360) | (54,927) | (44,089) | (19,661) |
Balance Sheet Data (Chilean GAAP) | |||||
Current assets | 168,280 | 191,612 | 155,122 | 122,003 | 145,272 |
Fixed assets | 218,012 | 216,476 | 207,776 | 203,245 | 162,759 |
Total assets | 453,702 | 468,713 | 420,483 | 381,934 | 353,676 |
Current liabilities | 127,222 | 188,975 | 150,703 | 181,233 | 78,519 |
Long-term liabilities | 143,715 | 99,776 | 126,372 | 86,957 | 117,648 |
Total liabilities | 270,937 | 288,751 | 277,075 | 268,190 | 196,167 |
Interest bearing debt | 208,367 | 220,009 | 231,333 | 226,182 | 161,289 |
Minority interest | 13,620 | 13,545 | 15,254 | 13,519 | 9,939 |
Total shareholders' equity | 169,145 | 166,417 | 128,154 | 100,224 | 147,569 |
Balance Sheet Data (U.S. GAAP) | |||||
Total assets | 453,357 | 463,278 | 417,452 | 369,479 | 349,697 |
Long-term liabilities | 123,106 | 94,093 | 108,180 | 163,768 | 118,030 |
Total shareholders' equity | 170,069 | 159,105 | 117,874 | 86,407 | 130,826 |
(1) The Company has not distributed dividends since May 10, 1999. At year-end 2002, 1 ADS = 10 shares, as reflected in this table. On May 12, 2003, this ratio was changed to 1 ADS = 100 shares, as described in "Item 9. The Offer and Listing - Offer and Listing Details".
Exchange Rate Information
Exchange Rates
Prior to 1989, Chilean law permitted the purchase and sale of foreign exchange only in those cases explicitly authorized by the Central Bank of Chile (the "Central Bank"). The Central Bank Act, which was enacted in 1989, liberalized the rules that govern the ability to buy and sell foreign exchange. The Central Bank Act now empowers the Central Bank to determine that certain purchases and sales of foreign exchange specified by law must be carried out in the Formal Exchange Market. The Formal Exchange Market is formed by banks and other entities so authorized by the Central Bank. All payments and distributions with respect to the Company's American Depositary Shares ("ADSs") referred to in this Annual Report must be transacted in the Formal Exchange Market.
For purposes of the operation of the Formal Exchange Market, the Central Bank sets a reference exchange rate (dólar acuerdo)(the "Reference Exchange Rate"). The Reference Exchange Rate is reset monthly by the Central Bank, taking internal and external inflation into account, and is adjusted daily to reflect variations in parities between the Chilean peso and each of the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen and the Euro. Authorized transactions by banks were generally conducted within a certain band above or below the Reference Exchange Rate. In January 1992, the Central Bank reduced the Reference Exchange Rate by 5% and widened the band for transactions in the Formal Exchange Market from 5% to 10%. In November 1994, the Central Bank reduced the Reference Exchange Rate by approximately 10%. In November 1995, the Central Bank reduced the Reference Exchange Rate by approximately 2%. In January 1997, the Central Bank widened the band for transactions in the Formal Exchange Market to 12 .5%. On June 25, 1998, the Central Bank reduced the band for transactions in the Formal Exchange Market to 2% above and 3.5% below the Reference Exchange Rate. At that time, the Central Bank also announced the elimination of a fixed 2% (peso re-valuing) factor which had hitherto been taken into account in the annual resetting of the Reference Exchange Rate. In September 1998, the Central Bank began a gradual widening of the exchange rate band from 3.5% to 5.0% above and below the Reference Exchange Rate. In December 1998, the Central Bank set the exchange band at 8.0% above and below the Reference Exchange Rate and provided for the gradual widening of the limits of the band at a daily rate of 0.01375%. In order to keep fluctuations in the average exchange rate within certain limits, the Central Bank intervened by buying or selling foreign exchange on the Formal Exchange Market. In September 1999, the Central Bank decided to suspend its formal commitment to intervene in the exchange market to maintain t he limits of the band, and decided to intervene in the market only under extraordinary circumstances and with advance notification. The Central Bank also committed itself to provide periodic information about the levels of its international reserves. The Reference Exchange Rate was maintained as a medium-term reference for the market and to be used in contracts entered into using such rate. The Observed Exchange Rate is the average exchange rate at which commercial banks conduct authorized transactions on a given date in Chile, as determined by the Central Bank. The Central Bank generally carries out its transactions at the spot market rate. Before the suspension of the band, however, when commercial banks requested to buy U.S. dollars from the Central Bank, or requested to sell U.S. dollars to the Central Bank, the Central Bank made such sales up to 2% over the Reference Exchange Rate and carried out such purchases at 3.5% under the Reference Exchange Rate. Authorized transactions by banks are general ly conducted at the spot market rate. Historically, such rate fluctuated within the band set by the Central Bank with respect to the Reference Exchange Rate. No assurances can be given that the Central Bank will not establish the band limits again.
Purchases and sales of foreign exchange effected outside the Formal Exchange Market are carried out in theMercado Cambiario Informal(the "Informal Exchange Market"). The Informal Exchange Market reflects the supply and demand for foreign currency. There are no limits imposed on the extent to which the rate of exchange in the Informal Exchange Market can fluctuate above or below the Observed Exchange Rate. On May 31, 2004, the average exchange rate in the Informal Exchange Market was Ch$640.00 per U.S. dollar and the U.S. dollar Observed Exchange Rate was Ch$636.31 per U.S. dollar.
The following table sets forth the low, high, average and period-end Observed Exchange Rates for U.S. dollars for each of the indicated periods starting in 1999 as reported by the Central Bank the following day. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Chilean pesos.
Daily Observed Exchange Rate (Ch$ per US$) | ||||
Period | Low (1) | High (1) | Average (2) | Period -end |
1999 | 468.69 | 550.93 | 508.78 | 530.07 |
2000 | 501.04 | 580.37 | 539.49 | 573.65 |
2001 | 557.13 | 716.62 | 634.94 | 654.79 |
2002 | 641.75 | 756.56 | 688.94 | 718.61 |
2003 | 593.10 | 758.21 | 691.40 | 593.80 |
December 2003 | 593.10 | 617.85 | 602.90 | 593.80 |
January 2004 | 559.21 | 596.78 | 573.64 | 591.42 |
February 2004 | 571.35 | 598.60 | 584.31 | 592.87 |
March 2004 | 588.04 | 623.21 | 603.91 | 616.41 |
April 2004 | 596.61 | 624.98 | 608.19 | 624.98 |
May 2004 | 622.25 | 644.42 | 635.761 | 636.02 |
June 2004 (through June 11) | 640.96 | 649.45 | 644.58 | 649.45 |
_____________________
Source: Central Bank of Chile
(1) Rates shown are the low and high exchange rates, on a day-by-day basis, for each period.
(2) The average of monthly average rates during the period reported.
Madeco's international activities include operations in Argentina, Brazil and Peru. Beginning in the 1990's, both Argentina and Brazil maintained fixed exchange rates. However, in 2002 and 1999, respectively, the Argentine and Brazilian central banks allowed their respective currencies to float freely against the U.S. dollar. In Peru, since the 1990s there have not been restrictions on companies' ability to convert Peruvian currency into U.S. dollars, nor any associated fixed exchange rates. There can be no assurance that the countries where the Company has operations or interests will maintain their current currency exchange policies.
References to "R$", "AR$" and to "S" are to Brazilian reales, Argentine pesos and Peruvian soles, respectively. While results of the Company's foreign operations are converted to Chilean pesos on a periodic (daily, weekly or monthly) basis, low, high, average and year-end Brazilian real, Argentine peso and Peruvian sol exchange rates for 2003 have been included below for reference:
| Brazilian Real | Argentine Pesos | Peruvian Sol | |||||
In Ch$ | In US$ | In Ch$ | In US$ | In Ch$ | In US$ | |||
Low (1) | 246.58 | 2.8219 | 251.83 | 2.7600 | 206.68 | 3.4600 | ||
High (2) | 201.47 | 3.6623 | 212.16 | 3.3500 | 204.82 | 3.5090 | ||
Average (2) | 192.89 | 3.0784 | 234.05 | 2.9516 | 198.55 | 3.4792 | ||
Year-End | 236.01 | 2.9270 | 202.32 | 2.9350 | 171.42 | 3.4640 |
Source: Central Banks of Chile, Brazil, Argentina and Peru
(1)Rates shown are the low and high exchange rates for each period, based on all of the daily rates within the specified period.
(2) The average annual exchange rate is based on the monthly average rates as calculated by the Central Bank of Chile.
Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable
Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable
The Company is subject to various changing competitive, economic, political, social and other risks and conditions, some of which are described below:
Certain Considerations Relating to Chile.The Company is engaged in its four businesses in Chile: Wire and Cable, Brass Mills, Flexible Packaging and Aluminum Profiles. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company had Ch$74,425 million, or 45.7% of its property, plant and equipment in Chile, and derived 61.2% of its revenues, from its Chilean operations. Consequently, the Company's results of operations and financial condition are largely dependent on the overall level of economic activity in Chile. The Chilean economy has had GDP growth rates of (0.8%), 4.2%, 3.1%, 2.1% and 3.3% for the years 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. There can be no assurance regarding future rates of growth relating to the Chilean economy. Some of the factors that would be likely to have an adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations include future downturns in the Chilean economy, a return to the high inflation experienced by Chile in the 1970s and a devaluation of t he Chilean peso relative to the U.S. dollar.
Effects of Restrictions on Argentine Gas supply on Chilean Operations. Chile is dependent on foreign supply of energy sources such as oil, natural gas and fuel derivatives. In recent months the Argentine government started restricting gas exportes to Chile due to supply problems in Argentina. This has affected the supply of energy to the Chilean industries. The reduction in gas supply may affect the Company's operations. While the Company has access to alternative energy sources which reduce the impact of the restrictions imposed on the Company, the cost of such sources could be higher than what the Company currently have as energy sources. The limitation on gas supply will not have a material effect on the Company's cost of goods sold..
Developments in Emerging Markets May Affect the Company. Although the Company's principal businesses are in Chile, the Company also maintains substantial assets and derives significant revenue from its operations in Brazil, Argentina and Peru. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company had Ch$45,837 million, or 28.2% of its property, plant and equipment in Brazil, and derived 21.5% of its revenues, from its Brazilian operations. In the case of Argentina, the Company had Ch$29,657 million, or 18.2% of its property, plant and equipment in Argentina, and derived 6.9% of its revenues from its Argentine operations. In the case of Peru, the Company had Ch$12,840 million, or 7.9% of its property, plant and equipment in Peru, and derived 10.4% of its revenues from its Peruvian operations.
In recent years, Argentina has suffered a prolonged economic recession which culminated in a political and economic crisis by the fourth quarter of 2001. Argentina abandoned its fixed Argentine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate of AR$1.00 to US$1.00, allowing the peso to float at market rates. During 2002 the Argentine economy stabilized as a result of measures adopted by the Argentine government, including restrictions on bank deposits and withdrawals, exchange controls, suspension of payments of external debt and the abrogation of Argentine peso convertibility. This prolonged economic deterioration materially affected the Company, requiring the Company to close the majority of its operations in Argentina. From the date that Argentina abandoned its fixed exchange rate to December 31, 2002, the Argentine peso experienced a 141.4% devaluation against the U.S. dollar. In 2003, economic activity recovered across all sectors of the Argentine economy, and as a result, the Company reopened certain of its o perations. For the year ended 2003, the Company recognized currency translation gains associated with the Argentine peso revaluation against the U.S. dollar amounting to Ch$863 million (stated in pesos as of December 31, 2003). The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable. During the first four months of 2004, the U.S./Argentine peso exchange rate stabilized, with the peso increasing in value against the U.S. dollar by 2.7%. The rebound of the Argentine economy was the result of a strong surge in the construction sector and favorable developments in exports, which were stimulated by a more competitive exchange rate. However, Argentine consumption remains subdued, as high unemployment, tight credit and a deterioration in real incomes are suppressing economic growth. Recently, the energy crisis, the uncertainty over the government's intentions in negotiations with internati onal bondholders and the associated ambiguity over economic policy priorities has cast a shadow over the sustainability of Argentina's current economic expansion.
In 2002, the Argentine crisis triggered a deterioration of Latin American economies in general, strongly affecting the terms of trade among the countries of that region, which caused a substantial outflow of foreign capital from the region and therefore a devaluation of the region's currencies. Brazil experienced GDP growth rates of 0.8%, 4.4%, 1.3%, 1.9% and -0.2% for the years 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. The Brazilian economy was negatively affected as a result of its 52.3% currency devaluation in relation to the U.S. dollar in 2002 (from 2.32 reales per 1.00 U.S. dollar to 3.53 reales per 1.00 U.S. dollar) and the political uncertainties related to the presidential elections in Brazil in October 2002. Accordingly, in 2002 the Company suffered a loss amounting to Ch$10,351 million as a result of the devaluation of the Brazilian real. This loss was partially offset by the Company's currency exchange hedging strategy which generated income of Ch$8,017 million in 2002. In 2003, the Brazilian economy slowed. Consumption and investment remain subdued and only exports are providing protection from more pronounced contractions in the economy. Meanwhile, Brazilian monetary authorities continue to ease their stance along with the declining inflationary trend.
The Peruvian economy is developing along the expected trajectory, without providing surprises on the upside or the downside. Growth in 2003 was boosted by new mining operations , though this trend appears not to have continued into 2004. Nevertheless, economic growth is likely to remain robust, as the country profits from increased demand for commodities in the wake of a stronger global economy.
The economies into which the Company exports the products it manufactures are also affected by social and political changes. There can be no assurance that political changes or political instability in the countries in which the Company operates or into which it exports its products will not materially adversely affect the Company in the future. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the economic system in Chile and the new free trade agreements, which are expected to allow the Company to export its products more readily, will be maintained in the future.
Developments in Emerging Markets May Affect the Market Value of Chilean Securities.The market value of securities of Chilean companies is, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions in such countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Chile, investors' reactions to developments in any of these other countries may have an adverse effect on the market value of securities of Chilean issuers. For example, in the second half of 1998 and early 1999, prices of Chilean securities were materially adversely affected by the economic crisis in Russia and Brazil. In 2003, the negative condition of the Chilean securities market improved, resulting in a 79.7% increase in U.S. dollar terms for 2003, thereby, making the Chilean stock market one of the three most profitable markets in the world. There can be no assurance that the Chilean stock market will continue to grow or even sustain its gains and that the market value of the Company's securities would not be adversely affected by events elsewhere, especially in emerging market countries.
Opportunities to Secure Financing Necessary to Operate the Company's Businesses May Be Limited.In the future, the Company may need to raise funds for various purposes. Madeco was notified on July 1, 2002 that theComisión Clasificadora de Riesgo(the "Risk Classification Commission"), which regulates the investment activities of pension funds in Chile, had ruled that as a result of the downgrading of the credit ratings of the Company's securities and the deterioration of Madeco's financial situation, Chilean pension funds were further limited in the amount of debt securities or common shares of Madeco that they could hold. Although restrictions still apply, the rating agencies have subsequently upgraded the Company's rating. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Changes in the Company's Risk Classification". Given that Chilean pension funds together constitute the most significant investor group in Chilean securities, the action t aken by the Risk Classification Commission has affected the price and liquidity of Madeco's common shares and bonds. There can be no assurance that capital will be available in the future as needed on reasonable terms in Chile or otherwise. An inability to obtain capital could constrain the Company's ability to refinance debt, expand sales, improve productivity or take advantage of opportunities and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
The Company is Controlled by One Majority Shareholder, whose Interests May Differ from Minority Shareholders.As of March 31, 2004, the Quiñenco Group owned 55.2% of the Company's shares. Accordingly, the Quiñenco Group has the power to control the election of all but one of the members of the Company's Board of Directors and its interests may differ from the interests of other holders of the Company's shares. The Quiñenco Group has a significant influence in determining the outcome of any corporate transaction or other matter submitted to the shareholders for approval, including mergers, consolidations, the sale of all or substantially all of Madeco's assets and going-private transactions, and also the power to prevent or cause a change in control.
Following Madeco's Restructuring of its Indebtedness, the Company is Now More Susceptible to Interest Rate Risk. Most of Madeco's bank facilities have floating interest rates (based on LIBOR or TAB (theChilean Inter-bank rate)) following the Company's restructuring of its indebtedness in 2002. A substantial increase in interest rates would materially adversely affect Madeco's financial position. There can be no assurance that such a rate increase will not occur.
The Price of Madeco's ADSs and the U.S. Dollar Value of Any Dividends Will Be Affected by Fluctuations in Exchange Conditions.The Company's ADSs trade in U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between certain Latin American currencies and the U.S. dollar are likely to affect the market price of the ADSs. For example, since Madeco's financial statements are reported in Chilean pesos and any dividend paid will be denominated in Chilean pesos, a decline in the value of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar would reduce the Company's earnings as reported in U.S. dollars and would reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent of any dividend.
A devaluation of the Brazilian, Argentine or Peruvian currency versus the U.S. dollar would also reduce the Company's earnings in Chilean pesos and therefore the earnings reported in U.S. dollars. For example, given the relative importance of Brazilian operations to the Company's consolidated results, a devaluation in Brazil's currency could have a materially adverse impact on the Company's earnings.
For a further discussion regarding the Company's currency exchange rate risk, see "Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk - Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk".
Holders of ADSs May be Subject to Certain Risks. Due to the fact that holders of ADSs do not hold their shares directly, they are subject to the following additional risks:
In the event of a dividend or other distribution, if exchange rates fluctuate during any period of time when the ADS depositary cannot convert a foreign currency into dollars, the ADS holders may lose some or all of the value of the distribution. There can be no assurance that the ADS depositary will be able to convert any currency at a specific exchange rate or sell any property, rights, shares or other securities at a specific price, or that any of such transactions can be completed within a specific time period.
In order to vote at shareholders' meetings, ADS holders not registered on the books of the ADS depositary are required to transfer their ADSs for a certain number of days before a shareholders' meeting into a blocked account established for that purpose by the ADS depositary. Any ADS transferred to this blocked account will not be available for transfer during that time. ADS holders who are registered on the books of the ADS depositary must give instructions to the ADS depositary not to transfer their ADSs during this period before the shareholders' meeting. ADS holders must therefore receive voting materials from the ADS depositary sufficiently in advance in order to make these transfers or give these instructions. There can be no guarantee that ADS holders will receive voting materials in time to instruct the ADS depositary how to vote. It is possible that ADS holders, or persons who hold their ADSs through brokers, dealers or other third parties, will not have the opportunity to exercise a right t o vote at all. Additionally, ADS holders may not receive copies of all reports from Madeco or the ADS depositary. Holders may have to go the ADS depositary's offices to inspect any reports issued.
In the event the Company fails to meet any of the continued listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, or "NYSE", the Company's ADSs may become subject to delisting at the option of NYSE. In the past year the Company was not in compliance with NYSE's minimum security price and minimum market capitalization continued listing requirements. On June 21, 2003 the Company regained compliance with both the minimum security price and the minimum market capitalization requirements. There can be no assurance that the Company will not fail to meet the NYSE continued listing requirements in the future. See "Item 9. The Offer and Listing - Offer and Listing Details".
Copper Supply and Price Levels.Copper is the primary raw material used by the Company, and the Company's results of operations are heavily dependent on its ability to buy an adequate supply of copper. Prices for copper are affected by numerous factors outside the Company's control and have historically fluctuated greatly.
Cochilco, a governmental entity, guarantees and regulates the supply of copper to all domestic copper manufacturers in Chile according to theLey de Reserva del Cobre, or the Copper Reserve Law. On an annual basis, all Chilean copper purchasers must inform Cochilco of their estimated copper requirements for the upcoming year. Cochilco assigns the domestic copper demand to the various mining companies and establishes conditions for the sale of copper including price levels, which reflect London Metal Exchange ("LME") prices adjusted for reduced transportation and related insurance costs. Cochilco establishes the terms of the annual copper supply contracts between the copper producers and manufacturers such as the Company. Additionally, Cochilco imposes on domestic copper manufacturers an obligation to purchase an amount of copper within a designated range each year, with the maximum quantity being the total amount allotted to each company. Under this current system, copper purchases a re made on a monthly basis, and payments are required prior to delivery. Over the past 10 years, the Company has not experienced any difficulty in obtaining adequate supplies of copper at satisfactory prices under these arrangements. There can be no assurances, however, that the Company will continue to be able to obtain its required copper at satisfactory prices, if at all.
In Peru, the Company obtains the majority of its copper needs from local mining companies. The copper obtained is used by its investee (Cobrecon), which produces copper rod for the Company's requirements in Peru.
In Brazil, the Company purchases its copper rod requirements from both its Peruvian and Chilean copper rod production companies and from an unrelated third party (Caraiba Metais do Brasil). There can be no assurance that all the copper rod requirements will be supplied as a portion of the Company's requirements are obtained from a third party.
Copper Reserve Law.A long-standing project exists to study a possible modification or elimination of the Copper Reserve Law. While the Company is not able to predict when and how the law may be modified, if at all, a modification could provide a significant change in the relationship between Madeco and its copper suppliers. In the event that the Copper Reserve Law is abolished, Madeco could have the opportunity to negotiate the sales conditions of its copper purchases directly with the domestic copper producers, and the resulting contracts may be more or less favorable than under actual conditions in terms of volume commitment requirements, payment terms and/or penalties.
Fluctuations in London Metal Exchange Prices of Copper and Aluminum.Historically, international prices of both copper and aluminum have fluctuated greatly. The Company's price policy is to sell its copper and aluminum products based on the quantity of metal contained in each of them, and the metal is valued at the London Metals Exchange, or "LME", prices. The Company generally has been able to increase its selling prices in response to increases in costs of copper and/or aluminum. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company will be able to recover increases in the cost of copper and/or aluminum in the future.
Dependence on Several Raw Material Suppliers. The Company is dependent on a limited number of suppliers for the procurement of copper and aluminum. The Company believes that its contracts and other agreements with third-party suppliers contain standard and customary terms and conditions. During the past ten years, the Company has experienced no substantial difficulties in obtaining adequate supplies of necessary raw materials at satisfactory prices, since these raw materials are commodities that can be acquired from various multinational suppliers. If the Company experiences difficulties in the future obtaining raw materials from our suppliers it would adversely affect our ability to operate our business.
Concentration of Customer Base.Over the past decade, there has been consolidation within the various industries to which the Company sells its products. As a result, the Company's larger customers are now both fewer in number and more powerful in their ability to demand favorable sales conditions from Madeco such as prices and payment terms. This development could potentially put downward pressure on the Company's price levels and margins. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - Business Overview".
Demand for Telecommunications Cable has Significantly Decreased and is not Expected to Recover to Previous Levels.Despite significant demand in 2000 and 2001 by the telecommunications, or "telecom", industry for both copper and fiber optic cable, demand for these products which are manufactured by the Company have since significantly diminished. For a further discussion of this decrease in demand, see "Item 4. Information on the Company - Business Overview - Wire and Cable - Summary of Sales - Brazil" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Changes in Demand for Copper and Optical Fiber Telecom Cable". The Company does not expect the demand for these products by the telecom industry to recover in the foreseeable future and there can be no assurance that the demand for these products will increase to previous levels or at all.
Operations are Subject to Environmental Laws and Regulations.Madeco's operations are subject to laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates, such as regulations regarding the release of copper, aluminum or plastics dust into the air. Stricter laws and regulations, or stricter interpretations of existing laws or regulations, may impose new liabilities on the Company or result in the need for additional investments in pollution control equipment, either of which could result in a material adverse effect on Madeco's profitability.
History and Development of the Company
General
Madeco S.A. (formerly known as Manufacturas de Cobre Madeco S.A.), was incorporated in the Republic of Chile in 1944 as a sociedad anonima abierta, or open stock corporation, and operates under the laws of Chile. The Company also has operations in Argentina, Brazil and Peru.
The Company's head office and principal business address is located at Ureta Cox 930, Santiago, Chile. The telephone number at the Company's head office is (56-2) 520-1000, and the facsimile number is (56-2) 520-1140. Our authorized representative in the United States is CT Corporation System, located at 111 Eighth Avenue, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10011, U.S.A. CT Corporation's phone number is (212) 894-8500.
Madeco's operations are organized into four principal operating segments or business units based on production processes. The Company's current business segments are:
h Wire and Cable,
h Brass Mills,
h Flexible Packaging; and
h Aluminum Profiles.
Madeco's principal products include:
h in the Wire and Cable business: copper telecom cables, building wire, copper and aluminum power cables, magnetic wire and mining cables;
h in the Brass Mills business: pipes, sheets, coils, busbars, bars and coin blanks made from copper, aluminum and related alloys;
h in the Flexible Packaging business: flexible packaging containers, aluminum foil and plastic wrap; and
h in the Aluminum Profiles business: profiles used as a raw material in buildings and in offices interior design.
In 2003, the Company's consolidated net revenues amounted to Ch$237,666 million, of which 46.5% was derived from Madeco's Wire and Cable unit, 23.6% from the Brass Mills unit, 17.6% from the Flexible Packaging unit and 12.3% from the Aluminum Profiles unit.
History
Madeco S.A. was incorporated as an open stock corporation in Chile in 1944 and has expanded over the years into Brazil, Peru and Argentina. Today, the Company is a leading Latin American manufacturer of finished and semi-finished non-ferrous products based on copper, aluminum and related alloys as well as a manufacturer of flexible packaging products for use in the mass consumer market for food, snacks and cosmetics products.
Madeco was founded by Mademsa to manufacture copper and copper-alloy based products. The original principal shareholders were the Simonetti brothers andCorporación de Fomento de la Produccion(Corfo). In 1954, the Company initiated fabrication of aluminum based products (profiles, sheets and foil).
The company Alusa S.A. was created in 1961 in conjunction with the Zecchetto family to manufacture flexible packaging for use in the mass consumer market for food, snacks and cosmetics products.
During the period of political turmoil (1971), Madeco was forcibly nationalized and remained under government control during the administration of President Salvador Allende Gossens.
In 1975 operating control of the Company was returned to the Board of Directors during the military government presided by General Augusto Pinochet Ugarte.
In 1980, through Quiñenco S.A., the Luksic Group (one of the largest diversified companies engaged in the industrial and service sectors in multiple countries within Latin America) made a substantial investment in the Company. In 1983, the Luksic Group acquired a majority share and control of the Company.
In 1987, Colada Continua Chilena S.A. was created in Chile in order to ensure the opportune production and delivery of its principal raw material, copper rod.
In 1988, the Company acquired Armat S.A., a Chilean manufacturer of coin blanks and minted coins made of copper and copper - based alloys.
The Company commenced its wire and cable operations in Argentina in 1990, through the acquisition of Indelqui S.A. (a producer of telecom and energy cables). A year later, the Company acquired Indalum S.A., a Chilean aluminum profiles manufacturer. In conjunction with the acquisition of Indalum in 1991, Ingewall S.A. was created to participate in the curtain wall installation business.
In 1993, Madeco made a capital increase whereby 57,750,000 shares were placed on the Santiago Stock Exchange and on the NYSE in the form of ADRs, raising approximately US$83 million. In 1993 in Peru, the Company acquired Triple - C (a cable producer). The Company continued its expansion in Argentina through the acquisition of a power cable plant in Llavallol. The Company also expanded its flexible packaging business into Argentina with the construction of a plant in San Luis (Aluflex S.A.).
A year later, Madeco acquired the Argentine company Decker S.A., dedicated to the manufacturing of copper and brass pipes and sheets. In Peru, the Company's subsidiary (Triple -C) merged with another large Peruvian cable manufacturer (Indeco S.A.); the new combined operation kept the name Indeco S.A. In 1996, the Company acquired a 25% interest in two flexible packaging firms in Peru (Peruplast and Tech Pack).
In 1997, the Company acquired a 67% share of Ficap S.A., then the second largest cable company in Brazil. In July, the Company made a second international capital increase on the Santiago Stock Exchange and in the form of ADRs on the NYSE; a total of 33,167,661 shares were subscribed and paid, raising approximately US$76 million. In 1998, the remaining 33% of Ficap S.A. was acquired. In Argentina, the Company merged its two operating subsidiaries; the new entity, Decker-Indelqui S.A, incorporated both cable and brass mills operations.
In conjunction with Corning Inc., the Company created the joint venture Ficap Optel in 1999; initially, the Company and Corning owned 75% and 25%, respectively. The Joint Venture was created to produce, sell and distribute optical fiber cables.
In 2000, Madeco issued bonds equivalent to US$75 million in the Chilean market. During April, 15,082,339 of the Company's authorized shares which had remained unissued from the 1997 capital increase were sold in Chile, raising approximately US$13 million.
In 2001, the Company modified its Ficap Optel Joint Venture Agreement with Corning Inc. Corning increased its interest in Ficap Optel from 25% to 50% by acquiring a 25% interest from the Company. As part of the new Joint Venture arrangement, Ficap Optel changed its name to Optel S.A. and purchased 99.9% of Corning Argentina S.A. At December 31, 2001, as a result of the economic crisis in Argentina, the Company decided to temporarily suspend production operations of its Argentine subsidiary Decker-Indelqui.
In October 2002, a new team led by Mr. Tiberio Dall'Olio took over the management of the Company. The new administration has extensive experience in the cable manufacturing industry, with an average of over 30 years each.
During 2003, the Company completed its debt restructuring process which involved:
- a capital increase of approximately Ch$95,114 million (including a US$5.5 million bond capitalization) through an offering of 3,714,577,380 shares, and
- the payment of 30% of the Company's outstanding bank debt (equal to US$38.3 million) and an additional payment of 10.3% of the outstanding debt (equal to US$9.9 million),and
- the extension of the remaining bank debt (equivalent to US$74.2 million) for seven year period with three years of grace.
In May 2003, the Company changed its ADRs ratio from 1 ADR=10 shares to 1ADR=100 shares. During the third quarter of 2003 the Company publicly offered in the Chilean Stock Exchange a portion of the unsubscribed shares of the April 2003 capitalization process, of which 1,421,603,602 shares, (equivalent to approximately US$57 million) were sold.
On August 1, 2003 the Company paid the last installment of principal and interest on its Series B Bonds for a total amount of UF50,201.68 (equivalent to Ch$850 million), and the Company extinguished its Series B Bonds.
In the second half of 2003, the Company reopened its Barracas and Llavallol production plants in Argentina.
On June 27, 2002, Corning notified Madeco of its desire to liquidate the joint venture. The Company refused to liquidate the joint venture and requested an arbitration. The arbitration suit was resolved against Madeco in the second half of 2004, and the Joint Venture Agreement was declared lawfully terminated. As a consequence among others, i) the Company lost certain rights regarding the appointment of Optel's management) and ii) the Company will have to initiate the liquidation of Optel on Corning's demand. See "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
As a result of the strong performance of copper tubes exports from Chile to Argentina and the increase of the domestic demand for these products in that country, in September 2003 the Company reopened Decker-Indelqui's copper pipes plant with a limited production capacity. In addition, the Company reopened in November 2003 its foundry plant. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable.
Recent Developments
At the Company's shareholders' meeting held on April 27, 2004, the change of the External Auditors was approved. As of June 2004, the Company's new external auditors will be Ernst & Young.
On May 1, 2004, the Company paid at maturity the total outstanding principal and interest amount of its Series C Bonds for UF1,419,045 (equivalent to Ch$23,946 million as of May 1, 2004), and the Company extinguished its Series C Bonds.
Capital Expenditures and Divestitures
In recent years, capital expenditures have been primarily to replace equipment and expand the Company's production capacity and eliminate bottlenecks in the production process. The Company's total capital expenditures for 2001, 2002 and 2003 totaled approximately Ch$18,687 million and were principally accounted for by Ch$2,864 million invested in the Company's Wire and Cable operations, Ch$3,272 million invested in the Company's Brass Mills operations, Ch$11,040 million invested in the Flexible Packaging operations and Ch$1,511 million invested in the Aluminum Profiles operations, each as further described below. At the Annual Shareholders' Meeting held on April 27, 2004, the Investment and Financing Policy for 2004 was approved. The policy includes that the Company's investment levels are those necessary to maintain its business and operations. See "Item 8: Financial Information - Capital Expenditures".
Wire and Cable Unit.In 2003, capital expenditures amounted to Ch$356 million, which was equal to 6.1% of the unit's depreciation. In Peru, expenditures were used mainly to refurbish administrative offices, continue the development of internal Information Tecnology (IT) systems, purchase spare parts to improve the quality control systems and double the sulfate plant capacity (in October 2000 the Company purchased a copper sulfate plant which uses copper cable scrap as raw material, its sales are not material within the Wire and Cable unit). In Chile, Argentina and Brazil capital expenditures were not material.
Capital expenditures for 2002 totaled Ch$956 million. In Peru, investments included a new catenary line and improvements in the sulfate plant bought in 2000. In Chile, investments were made to increase productivity and to reduce delivery-time of products. In Brazil, capital expenditures for 2002 were not material.
Expenditures during the year 2001 amounted to Ch$1,552 million. In Brazil, investments were made for the completion of a continuous vulcanizing (dry curing) line, the improvement of cabling machines, the improvement and adapting of installations and improvement of IT system. In Chile, investments were made to buy a new plasticizer feeder system for PVC compounds and build a new machine shop for the maintenance of the plant's equipment. In Peru, investments included a continuous vulcanizing line for medium voltage thermo-stable insulation, an update to the IT system, measuring equipment and the improvement of extrusion lines.
Brass Mills Unit.In 2003, capital expenditures amounted to Ch$404 million, which was equal to 17.2% of the unit's depreciation.
Capital expenditures for 2002 totaled Ch$457 million, which was equal to 18.8% of the unit's depreciation.
Expenditures during the year 2001 amounted to Ch$2,411 million. In Chile, capital expenditures were primarily made to improve quality controls in the hot and cold rolling operations, through the incorporation of electronic equipment for an automatic measurement of sheet thickness.
Flexible Packaging Unit. In 2003, capital expenditures amounted to Ch$2,318 million, which was mainly used to repurchase the Company's equipment through a lease contract. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Capital expenditures for 2002 totaled Ch$4,621 million, all of which was used to repurchase the Company's equipment through a lease contract.
Expenditures during the year 2001 amounted to Ch$4,101 million. Investments were made only by the Company's Chilean operation, primarily to improve quality and resolve a bottleneck in the rotogravure process relating to the galvanizing, chroming and polishing of cylinders.
Aluminum Profiles Unit.In 2003, capital expenditures amounted to Ch$400 million, which was equal to 65.4% of the unit's depreciation.
Expenditures during the year 2002 amounted to Ch$430 million, which was equal to 69.9% of the unit's depreciation.
Expenditures during the year 2001 amounted to Ch$681 million. The unit's investments were made to update the presses and anodization equipment.
Business Overview
On July 26, 2002, the Company's Board of Directors designated a new senior management team, which assumed its responsibilities on October 1, 2002. This team implemented an operational restructuring of the Company to optimize its resources and production abilities.
The Company's current Business Plan is based on improvements in the marketing, production, and administrative areas of the Company, with special emphasis on the Wire and Cable business unit and its largest operation, Ficap S.A. in Brazil. The Company's management is focused on four main areas:
- increasing revenues through: reorganizing commercial activities in order to recover market share, developing export markets and coordinating commercial activities among subsidiaries;
- developing a specialty cable niche market in Brazil. The Company is focusing its efforts on the development of specialty cables, and obtained internationally-recognized certification for these cables technical characteristics. A market for these specialty cables has developed in Brazil, Europe and parts of Asia;
- the implementation of policies that improve operating efficiencies in the Company's production facilities by means of: efficient use of assets in each country, reductions in personnel and in overtime hours and reductions in manufacturing costs and scrap rates;
- optimizing selling, general and administrative expenses by implementing austerity measures and taking advantage of synergies, primarily among the Company's Chilean subsidiaries; and
- capitalizing on the Company's assets through maximizing capacity utilization, minimizing capital expenditures and selling off disposable assets.
Wire and Cable
Since Madeco's incorporation in 1944, its principal business has been the production, sale and distribution of wire and cable products.
The Company's Wire and Cable business unit is composed of two divisions: metallic cable and optical fiber. At year-end 2003 an arbitration suit between Madeco and Corning was resolved against Madeco and as a result the Joint Venture Agreement was declared lawfully terminated. As a consequence among others i) the Company lost certain rights regarding the appointment of Optel's management and ii) the Company will have to initiate the liquidation of Optel on Corning's demand. See "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings"). The following table includes the names of the Company's subsidiaries dedicated to the production, sale and distribution of metallic as well as fiber optic wire and cable products:
Entity Name | Division | Country |
Madeco Chile | Metallic Cable | Chile |
Ficap S.A. | Metallic Cable | Brazil |
Optel Ltda.(1) | Optical Fiber | Brazil |
Indeco S.A. | Metallic Cable | Peru |
Decker-Indelqui S.A. | Metallic Cable | Argentina |
Optel Argentina S.A. (1) | Optical Fiber | Argentina |
(1) See "Item 4. Information on the Company - Optical Fiber" and "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
At year-end 2001, as a consequence of Argentina's tumultuous economic environment and political instability, the Company suspended its Argentine Wire and Cable and Brass Mills production operations. Decker-Indelqui maintained a minimal staff in Argentina, primarily to sell products imported from certain of Madeco's Brazilian and Chilean facilities and to ensure the security and maintenance of its Argentine production facilities. The Company reopened certain of its Brass Mills operations in September and 2003 and its foundry facility in November 2003. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable.
The Company has participated in the optical fiber industry since 1997 with the acquisition of the Brazilian cable operation Ficap S.A. In June 1999 the Company created a joint venture between its subsidiary Ficap and Corning. The purpose of the joint venture, Ficap Optel Ltda., was to produce, sell and distribute optical fiber telecom cables. In April 2001, the joint venture between the Company and Corning was modified; Corning increased its stake in Ficap Optel from 25% to 50% by acquiring a 25% interest from the Company such that both parties currently own an equal 50% participation in the venture. As part of the joint venture agreement, Ficap Optel changed its name to Optel and acquired 99.9% of Optel Argentina S.A. (previously Corning Cable Systems Argentina S.A.), thereby expanding its optical fiber business into Argentina. On June 27, 2002, Corning notified Madeco of its desire to liquidate the joint venture. The Company refused to liquidate the joint venture and requested an arbitration. The arbitration suit was resolved against Madeco and the Joint Venture Agreement was declared lawfully terminated. As a consequence among others, i) the Company lost certain rights regarding the appointment of Optel's management and ii) the Company will have to initiate the liquidation of Optel on Corning's demand. See "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
Wire and Cable - Summary of Sales
The Wire and Cable unit is Madeco's largest business unit, with revenues representing 46.5% of the Company's consolidated sales for the year 2003. The following table shows Madeco's annual net sales generated by the Wire and Cable business unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Wire & Cable Unit - Revenues (in Ch$ million) | ||||
Year | Metallic Cable Division Revenues(1) | Optical Fiber Cable Division Revenues | Total Revenues | % Consolidated Revenues |
2001 | 163,525 | 34,975 | 198,500 | 57.6% |
2002 | 130,173 | 2,229 | 132,402 | 51.2% |
2003 | 110,526 | 0 | 110,526 | 46.5% |
Wire & Cable Unit - Volume Sales | ||||
Year | Metallic Cable (in tons) | Optical Fiber Cable (in kms(3)) | Total Volume (in tons) | % Consolidated Volume |
2001(2) | 75,853 | 555,202 | 88,471 | 59.1% |
2002(2) | 60,415 | 65,452 | 61,903 | 52.5%% |
2003 | 53,923 | 0 | 53,923 | 49.3% |
(1) Revenues of the wire and cable division include copper rod net sales and sales from the Peruvian subsidiary that produces copper sulfates.
(2) Volume sales for the Wire and Cable unit include only metal. Figures presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in measuring volume sales. While volume sale calculations previously included metal and insulating materials, the Company is now including only metal used in the production of its wire and cable products.
(3) Total volume sales presented in tons includes the conversion of optical fiber volume sales using the conversion rate 1 ton = 44 kms. As a consequence of the termination of the Joint Venture Agreement,Optel has not been consolidated at December 31, 2003, being treated instead as an affiliate.
Revenues generated by the Company's Wire and Cable business unit in the year 2003 amounted to Ch$110,526 million, a 16.5% decrease from the amount (Ch$132,402 million) generated in the previous year. The decrease in the unit's net sales reflects principally an overall decrease of 12.9% in the consolidated volume sales of the unit, due mainly to a decrease of 28.9% in net sales in Brazil due to lower sales of bare aluminum cables to electric industry clients, and the 17.4% appreciation of the peso against the dollar during the period. These effects were partially offset by an increase of 14.2% in the unit's average dollar price of metallic cables, which reflected a 10.8% increase in the average cost of copper in 2003 versus the previous year.
Madeco mainly sells its wire and cable products in the markets where it maintains its operations. Export sales for the Wire and Cable unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina, and represented 12.9% of the unit's revenues for the year 2003 (79.4% of which represented copper rod). The following table shows Madeco's annual net sales generated by the Wire and Cable business unit by destination for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Wire and Cable Unit - Revenues by Destination(in Ch$ million) | ||||||
Year | Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina(1) | Exports(2) | Wire & Cable Unit |
2001 | 19,724 | 122,106 | 18,828 | 15,404 | 22,438 | 198,500 |
2002 | 20,604 | 71,445 | 18,359 | 2,125 | 19,869 | 132,402 |
2003 | 19,072 | 54,671 | 20,419 | 2,147 | 14,217 | 110,526 |
Wire and Cable Unit - Volume Sales of Metallic Cable by Destination (in tons)(3) | ||||||
Year | Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Exports(2) | Wire & Cable Unit |
2001 | 7,318 | 43,387 | 6,686 | 3,449 | 15,013 | 75,853 |
2002 | 7,269 | 32,722 | 6,123 | 1,325 | 12,976 | 60,415 |
2003 | 6,580 | 28,135 | 7,799 | 1,138 | 10,271 | 53,923 |
Wire and Cable Unit - Volume Sales of Optical Fiber Cable by Destination (in kms) | ||||||
Year | Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Exports(2) | Wire & Cable Unit |
2001 | 253 | 473,779 | 6,346 | 32,377 | 42,447 | 555,202 |
2002 | 3,174 | 2,128 | 72 | 3,525 | 56,553 | 65,452 |
2003 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
(1) The Company's sales in Argentina in 2002 and 2003 are the results of marketing and selling of imported products.
(2) Exports for the Wire and Cable unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina.
(3)The Company's estimation of volume sales for the Wire and Cable unit include only metal. Figures presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in measuring volume sales. While volume sale calculations previously included metal and insulating materials, the Company is now including only metal used in the production of its wire and cable products.
The following table shows the Company's total revenues generated by the Wire and Cable unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, broken down by the subsidiary generating the sale:
Wire and Cable Unit - Revenues(in Ch$ million) | |||||||
Year | Madeco Chile (metallic cable) | Ficap (metallic cable) | Indeco (metallic cable) | Decker-Indelqui (metallic cable)(1) | Optel (optical fiber) | Inter-company | Wire & Cable Unit |
2001 | 40,741 | 89,308 | 30,855 | 16,432 | 35,717 | (14,553) | 198,500 |
2002 | 40,242 | 70,164 | 32,701 | 1,187 | 2,202 | (14,094) | 132,402 |
2003 | 41,393 | 54,039 | 32,940 | 2,182 | 0 | (20,028) | 110,526 |
(1) The Company's sells in Argentina in 2002 and 2003 are the results of marketing and selling of imported products.
The following discussions of the Company's Wire and Cable business unit (production, raw materials, sales and distribution, market demand and industry size estimates, and market share and description of competition) have each been separated into two sections, cable and optical fiber cable.
Cable - Production
The Company has a total of seven facilities for the production of metallic wire and cable products. In Chile, the Company maintains one cable production facility located in the community of San Miguel. The Company has two modern facilities operating in Brazil, located in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. As part of the Company's constant search for operational efficiency, in September 2003, the aluminum cable production of Ficap transferred its operations from Aratu plant in Salvador de Bahía to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. In Argentina, production facilities are located in Quilmes and Llavallol, both on the outskirts of Buenos Aires, though our Argentine facilities currently are not operating. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable. The Company's Peruvian production facility is located in Lima. In Chile, since 2003, the Company is no longer producin g magnetic cables and began the production of flexible cables and anti-theft cables. In addition, due to higher demand levels of telecom cables in Peru and Chile, the Company strengthened the production of telecom cables.
Madeco's wire and cable products are sold primarily in the same countries where the Company maintains its production facilities and commercial offices.
The following table includes information regarding each wire and cable production facility: plant location, principal products manufactured and International Organization of Standardization, or "ISO", certification:
Country | Location | Principal Products | ISO Certification(1) |
Chile | San Miguel, Santiago | Cu: all wire and cable products | 9001: 1998, 2003 |
Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | Cu and Al: thermo-stable; Cu: telecom | 9001: 1995, 2003 |
Sao Paulo | Cu and Al: thermo-plastic; Cu: magnetic | 9001: 1995, 2003 | |
Bahia | Al: bare wire | 9001: 1995, 2001 | |
Argentina | Quilmes, BA | Cu and Al: bare wire, thermo-plastic, thermo-stable; Cu: telecom | 9001: 1999 |
Llavallol, BA | Cu and Al: bare wire | N/A | |
Peru | Lima | Cu and Al: all wire and cable products | 9001: 1998, 2002 |
(1) In cases where two dates are included, the first date indicates the original certification and the second date indicates the most recent certification.
Additionally, the Company has created joint ventures in both Chile and Peru with other wire and cable manufacturers to produce 8.0 mm copper rod, one of the principal raw materials used in the production of copper wire and cable products. See " -Wire and Cable - Raw Materials".
The Company manufactures bare wire as well as wires and cables sheathed with insulating materials such as plastic or rubber. Production of copper and aluminum wire and/or cable products begins with 8.0 mm copper and 9.5 mm aluminum rods, respectively. The rod is drawn to the diameter necessary to meet the properties and flexibility of the corresponding finished products. Madeco produces many different types of wires and cables, and each product can be classified based on certain characteristics: number and style of strands: wire (singular strand) or cable (multiple, joined or bundled strands); and type of insulation: bare, thermo-plastic insulated, thermo-stable insulated or magnetic. In addition cables have different types of international classification standards: ASTM, IEC, VDE and other standards.
The Company's metallic wire and cable products include both standard products as well as customized special order products, and satisfy requirements for the telecom, energy, mining and construction sectors, as well as for durable goods manufacturers. While on-the-shelf products are manufactured according to the highest international standards, customized wire and cable products are made to satisfy exact customer specifications.
The four principal types of copper telecom cable produced by the Company are high capacity multi-pair transmission cable, distribution cable, internal cable and coaxial cable. Classification of the first three types of cables is based on their transmission capacity (i.e., the quantity of channels that can be carried simultaneously). The largest telecom cables are the high capacity multi-pair transmission cables (between 600 and 2,400 pairs); these cables are insulated with polyethylene and used as underground trunk lines between major switching facilities. These trunk lines are being replaced over time by optical fiber cables, which carry high amounts of data with superior transmission performance. Distribution cables are polyethylene insulated telecom cables including between 10 to 400 pairs. They are used to interconnect trunk lines to individual homes and buildings. Internal cables (less than 25 pairs) are insulated with polyvinyl chloride ("PVC") and used to link individual buildings t o their respective external connection points which are located in close vicinity ("drop lines"). Internal cables are also used within commercial and residential buildings. Finally, coaxial cables are broadband cables, capable of simultaneously carrying different types of data (voice, data, images, etc). These cables are insulated with polyethylene and are used within commercial and residential buildings.
The following diagram depicts the production process for copper telecom cables:
Cooper rodà drawingà drawing and insulatingà pairingà cablingà coating
Madeco produces all types of power transmission and distribution cables, including bare, rubber insulated or plastic insulated cables. Bare copper and aluminum cables are mainly used for high voltage transmission (69 kilovolts ("kV") or more) and are usually installed outside urban areas. Copper or aluminum insulated cables, both with rubber and plastic, are most often used for electricity distribution within an urbanized area; rubber and plastic insulated cables are used for low and medium voltage distribution (0.3 kV- 69 kV). In all three cases- high voltage, medium voltage and low voltage- the diameter of the cable is a function of the current which is to be transmitted.
Mining cables are copper cables insulated with rubber, a thermally stable material. These cables are usually low and medium voltage transmission cables (between 1 kV and 15 kV) and are used for heavy machinery like bulldozers, drilling machines, and mechanical excavators and loaders.
The Company produces two basic types of wires and cables for the manufacturers of durable goods and other industrial companies: plastic insulated wires and cables and magnetic wires. Plastic insulated wires and cables are copper conductors insulated with plastic materials such as polyethylene, PVC or polyester. These products are sold primarily to manufacturers of home appliances and to industrial companies for their internal energy distribution. All plastic insulated wires and cables are used for low voltage applications. Magnetic wires, which are made of drawn enameled copper wire, are sold to manufacturers of motors and generators, and are used for ignition or electronic coil applications and refrigeration units. The Company also produces round, square or rectangular magnetic wires insulated with cotton and/or paper, used by manufacturers of transformers.
The following diagram depicts the production process for bare, thermo-plastic and/or thermo-stable cables used in the mining, energy and industrial sectors:
Copper rodà drawingà cablingà insulatingà protective sheathingà cablingà coatingà cutting
The following diagram depicts the production process for magnetic wires:
Copper rodà drawingà enamelingà cuttingà packing
The construction industry uses building wire, which is PVC insulated copper wire produced in a wide range of sizes (from 1.5 mm2 to 25 mm2). Building wire is used for multiple applications of internal low voltage distribution within a construction project, including electromotive applications and transmission of power and lighting, and is appropriate for both wet and dry applications. This kind of wire is most commonly sold to distributors and retail operations.
The following diagram depicts the production process for building wire:
Copper rodà drawingà cablingà insulating and/or coatingà cuttingà packing
Cables - Raw Materials
The principal raw materials used in the production of wires and cables are copper and aluminum as conductive materials and plastic and rubber for insulation. Historically, prices of copper, aluminum and metals in general have fluctuated greatly. The Company attempts to modify the selling prices of its products to respond to these fluctuations. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Fluctuations in LME Metal Prices and Exchange Rates between Currencies".
Copper is the principal raw material used by the Company in the production of wire and cable products, and represented approximately 46.5% of the total raw material costs for the Company's Wire and Cable unit in 2003. The Company's Brazilian unit purchases the majority of its copper requirements from a domestic supplier: Caraiba Metais S.A. (approximately 65.5% of total copper costs in the year 2003) and from the Company's cable subsidiaries Indeco and Madeco (approximately 34.5% of total copper costs in 2003). Southern Peru Copper Corporation and Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde S.A. are the two large Peruvian mining companies which together supply almost 100% of the Peruvian operation's total copper requirements.
The Company purchases copper supplies for Chile, and in small portions for Brazil, from the two large Chilean mining companies, Corporacion Nacional de Cobre ("Codelco") and Empresa Nacional de Mineria ("Enami"). In the case of Chile and Peru, the Company purchases its copper requirements from the various mines as cathodes and then has them transformed into 8.0 mm copper rods, the raw material form used in the fabrication of all wire and cable products. In both Chile and Peru, the Company created joint ventures with other wire and cable manufacturers; these joint ventures are copper rod production companies created in order to guarantee the procurement of high quality copper rod at the lowest possible cost. In Chile, Colada Continua was created in 1987 and is a 41% owned affiliate of Madeco; the entity is also owned by the Company's two largest Chilean competitors, Cobre Cerrillos S.A. ("Cocesa") and Elaboradora de Cobre Viña del Mar S.A. ("Covisa"), with a 41% interest and an 18% interest, respectively. In Peru, Cobrecon S.A. was created in 1996; the Company, the Peruvian cable manufacturer Conductores Electricos Peruanos ("Ceper") and the Colombian cable manufacturer Cables de Energia y Telecomunicaciones S.A. ("Centelsa") each own a 33.3% stake in Cobrecon. While in the past the Brazilian unit purchased the bulk of its copper in copper rod form directly from its domestic supplier, the Company provides most of its copper rod requirements from the Chilean and Peruvian copper rod production entities (in 2003 the Brazilian subsidiary bought 34.5% of its copper costs from the other Company's Wire and Cable subsidiaries).
In Chile, the government entityCorporacion Chilena del Cobre (the Chilean Copper Corporation, or "Cochilco") guarantees and regulates the supply of copper to all domestic manufacturers according to the Copper Reserve Law. On an annual basis, all Chilean copper customers must inform Cochilco of their copper requirements for the upcoming year. Cochilco assigns the domestic copper demand to the various mining companies and establishes conditions for the sale of copper including price levels, which reflect London Metal Exchange, or "LME", prices adjusted for reduced transportation and related insurance costs. Cochilco establishes copper supply contracts and decides which terms are subject to annual renewal. Cochilco also imposes on the Chilean copper customers an obligation to purchase a specified quantity range of copper, with the maximum quantity being the total amount allotted to each Company. Copper purchases are made on a monthly basis, and payments are made prior to deli very. A long-standing project exists however, to study a possible modification or elimination of the Copper Reserve Law by changing the copper reserves that local copper producers must maintain in order to sell to Chilean manufacturers. See "Item 3. Key Information- Risk Factors" for further explanation of the copper price risk and the possible modification of the Copper Reserve Law. Chile is the only country in which the Company operates wherein copper purchases are organized and controlled by a government entity; such an arrangement does not exist in Peru, Brazil or Argentina.
Aluminum, another principal raw material of the Company, is currently purchased separately by the respective operations in each country. In Peru, the Company purchases its aluminum rod supplies from Aluminios Pianmeca C.A. (Venezuela) and Siderurgica del Norte (Colombia) and aluminum cord from Conductores de Aluminio del Caroni C.A. (Venezuela). On September 2003 the aluminum plant cable in Aratu (Brazil) was closed and transferred to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, meanwhile the aluminum rod is being supplied by Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio.
On October 2003, the Company signed an agreement for the supply of PVC for Chilean and Peruvian operations with Petroquimica Colombiana S.A. The contract provides greater flexibility to the Company. In Brazil, the Company mainly purchases on a monthly basis its PVC requirements from three different suppliers, Karina Ind. Com. Plasticos, Dacarto Benvic S/A and Ramon Ind. de Plasticos Ltda. There are no signed contracts with these suppliers.
Madeco signed a supply agreement with Borealis Compounds LLC. USA ("Borealis"), which went into force starting January 2004 and which will terminate on December 31, 2004 regarding the supply of polyethylene for its operations in Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina. Pursuant to the supply agreement, the Company agreed to purchase 100% of its polyethylene needs from Borealis, who on the other hand agreed to supply 100% of the Company's polyethylene requirements. In accordance with the supply agreement, Borealis provides products to Madeco at competitive prices, and offers a price reduction based on the total volume purchased in each twelve-month period.
The Company has a choice of suppliers for other plastic and rubber materials and believes it is currently not dependent on any one supplier. In order to obtain more favorable price and payment terms for other insulation materials, the Company is evaluating the possibility of region-wide supply agreements for various types of raw materials.
Madeco believes that its contracts and other agreements with third-party suppliers for the supply of raw materials for wire and cable products contain standard and customary terms and conditions. During the past ten years, the Company has not experienced any substantial difficulties in obtaining adequate supplies of necessary raw materials at satisfactory prices, nor does it expect to do so in the future.
Cables - The Company's Sales and Distribution
The Company maintains direct relationships with each of its major customers and devotes substantial efforts toward developing strong, long-term relationships. In order to best serve the specific needs of the Company's client groups, each sales representative is assigned to clients on an exclusive basis and clients are grouped based on industry and/or geographic region. Customer groupings include: distributors, durable goods manufacturers, mining, telecom and energy (utilities and industries) companies.
The Company's Chilean sales force shares its sales staff with Madeco Chile's Brass Mills unit. This combined sales force includes a commercial manager, three supervisors, 13 sales representatives (two of them located in the southern region and one located in the northern region of the country to attend the mining industry), five sales assistants, one project engineer and one person in charge of marketing. In Brazil, the Company has a total of 48 employees dedicated to sales, marketing and customer service; these individuals are geographically located across nine branch offices in the country's primary cities (Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Americana, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Brasilia, Recife, Manaus and Salvador). The Brazilian sales efforts are divided into two sector infrastructure and distribution & industry, and it serve to the Company's customer groupings, by all of the nine branch offices. In addition to its proprietary sales force, the Company maintains sales represent atives on a contract basis, who are not Company employees, to serve those regions far from the branch offices.
The Company's sales force in Peru has 16 sales representatives and 10 sales assistants, and in addition to the Company's grouping service, the Company maintains four proprietary retail outlets, located in the cities of Lima and Arequipa. Sales made through the retail stores represented approximately 7% of the total revenues generated in Peru.
In 2003, due to the Company's decision to boost the wire and cable business unit in Argentina (after the closure of the plants at the end of 2001), the sales group was created including a commercial manager and three salesmen, all of which are located in Buenos Aires.
The Company's wire and cable client base includes approximately 360 customers in Chile, 2,580 in Brazil, 1,160 in Peru, 90 in Argentina and 50 in its export markets (all countries other than Chile, Brazil, Peru or Argentina). The Company's largest customer for the year 2003 was a Brazilian manufacturer, and sales to this customer accounted for 8.7% of the Wire and Cable unit's total sales revenues.
Given the unique tendencies that occur in each of the four countries in terms of demand levels among the various client sectors served by the Company's wire and cable sales, information regarding sales by sector have been included on a country by country basis. The following charts show the Company's sales breakdown by client grouping for each country for wire and cable products during the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
The Company's Chilean Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Distributors | 13% | 22% | 16% |
Durable goods manufacturers | 39% | 42% | 55% |
Mining | 12% | 14% | 8% |
Energy | 14% | 9% | 12% |
Telecom | 20% | 12% | 6% |
Others | 2% | 1% | 3% |
The Company's Brazilian Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Distributors | 13% | 14% | 36% |
Telecom companies | 41% | 3% | 1% |
Energy | 16% | 34% | 4%% |
Durable goods manufacturers | 29% | 48%% | 50% |
Others | 1% | 1% | 9% |
Figures presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in Brazilian customer grouping distribution, to make it consistent with other countries- distribution.
The Company's Peruvian Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Distributors | 26% | 24% | 25% |
Mining | 4% | 4% | 4% |
Energy | 15% | 10% | 11% |
Telecom | 2% | 4% | 11% |
Durable goods manufacturers | 2% | 4% | 4% |
Retail | 4% | 8% | 7% |
Exports and others | 47% | 46% | 38% |
The Company's Argentine Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Distributors | 30% | 37% | 66% |
Durable goods manufacturers | 6% | 7% | 1% |
Energy | 34% | 21% | 25% |
Telecom | 11% | 18% | 0% |
Exports and others | 19% | 17% | 8% |
While a small portion of the customers make cash payments for their purchase orders, the majority of sales were made with credit. The average payment period for the Company's Wire and Cable business amounted to 61 days in 2003 versus 56 days in 2002.
Delivery or shipping of standard products that are in stock is made within a 48-hour period. In the case of customized products, the production time ranges between 30 and 90 days, depending upon the complexity of the cable being produced and the plant workload.
When products are completed and available for delivery, the Company either hires third-party transportation companies to deliver the finished goods to a customer's plant or warehouse, or the customer picks up the products at the Company's plant. The mode of transportation for exported products depends on the destination country; while ground transportation is used within the Southern Cone countries, sea transportation is used for exports to all other countries.
Cable - Market Demand and Industry Size Estimates
The principal users of the Company's wire and cable products are the telecom, energy, mining and construction sectors as well as durable goods manufacturers. Additionally, some products are sold to the general public through retail operations.
The Company's management believes that investments within the telecom sector are largely dependent on gross domestic product, or "GDP", growth. However, investment activity by telecom companies also depends on price regulations in each country and special situations such as privatization, among other factors. The Company's management believes that demand within the telecom industry is affected by, among other things, a total lack of investment and is also undergoing changes as copper telecom cables are being substituted with optical fiber cables and a growing use of wireless telephone communications. The current global downturn in the demand for telecom cables has affected the Company's operations by decreasing demand for both optical fiber and copper cable. Energy sector demand is typically dependent on new infrastructure projects, the energy regulation system, and energy deficits or surpluses that would promote interconnection systems between countries or regions. In the mining sector, ma rket prices of metals are a major determinant for new investment projects. While demand from durable goods manufacturers seems to depend primarily on GDP growth, demand from the construction sector appears to depend both on GDP growth as well as interest rates and unemployment levels.
There are no formal third-party estimates on industry size for any of the countries in which the Company has wire and cable operations. The Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, import and export reports, the Company's proprietary production and sales data, Chilean copper sales reports from Cochilco and production reports from the Company's Chilean and Peruvian wire rod manufacturers. See "Presentation of Information".
Given the unique evolution of the wire and cable industry within each individual country, discussion regarding the industry growth/shrinkage over the 2001-2003 period is included separately for each of Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina. The following chart summarizes management's estimates for the wire and cable industries (excluding copper wire rod) for the region in which the Company participates for the years 2001 through 2003:
Industry Size (in metallic tons(1)) | |||||
Year | Chile(2) | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Total Region |
2001 | 23,400 | 316,200 | 11,900 | 37,900 | 389,400 |
2002 | 25,500 | 182,500 | 10,900 | 14,100 | 233,000 |
2003 | 23,863 | 149,644 | 12,217 | 31,700 | 217,424 |
(1) Measurement estimates for industry size only include metal (copper and/or aluminum); excludes insulation materials.
(2) Industry size in Chile for the year 2002 changed due to different calculation methodology. The value informed in the 20-F of 2002 amounted to 26,000 tons.
Chilean Wire and Cable Market. The following chart shows the Company's estimates for the Chilean wire and cable industry (excluding copper wire rod) as well as the country's GDP growth rates for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Industry Size | ||
Year | (in metallic tons(1)) | GDP Rate(2) |
2001 | 23,400 | 3.4% |
2002(3) | 25,500 | 2.2% |
2003 | 23,863 | 3.3% |
(1) Measurement estimates for industry size only include metal (copper and/or aluminum); excludes insulation materials.
(2)The GDP rates for Chile presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in Chile's calculation formula and methodology.
(3) Industry size in Chile for the year 2002 changed due to different calculation methodology. The value informed in the 20-F of 2002 amounted to 26,000 tons.
In 2001, the Chilean wire and cable industry expanded an estimated 29% versus the previous year, reflecting stronger investment activity in the mining and energy sectors as well as higher output among durable goods manufacturers.
In the year 2002, the electrical conductor market amounted to 25,500 tons (not including copper rod), which represents an increase of 9.0% with respect to 2001, reflecting a rise in projects in the forest and energy sectors. Within the forest sector, the Company had three projects, two of which expanded existing cellulose plants in the VIII region of Chile and the third of which constructed a new plant of cellulose in the X region. Within the energy sector, the "Central Ralco" project, a large hydroelectric project located in the VIII region was initiated.
In 2003, industry size decreased 6.4% mainly due to lower investments in the energy sector and to the termination of certain projects in the forest sector..
Brazilian Wire and Cable Market. The following chart shows the Company's estimates for the Brazilian wire and cable industry (excluding copper wire rod) as well as the country's GDP growth rates for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Industry Size | ||
Year | (in metallic tons(1)) | GDP Rate(2) |
2001 | 316,200 | 1.3% |
2002 | 182,500 | 1.9% |
2003 | 149,644 | -0.2% |
(1)Measurement estimates for industry size only include metal (copper and/or aluminum); excludes insulation materials.
(2) The GDP rates for Brazil presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in Brazil's calculation formula and methodology.
Demand for copper telecom cables was especially strong from the second half of 2000 through the first half of 2001, due mainly to the concession agreement between Brazil's national telecommunications agency and various telecom companies. By the third quarter of 2001, however, demand for telecom equipment in Brazil all but halted. Aulthought the Company expects marginal growth in the telecom demand levels in the future, levels of demand are no expected to reach the demand levels achieved in 2001.
The Company estimates that the Brazilian cable industry grew approximately 56% in 2001. This growth reflects a 65% increase in energy cable demand and an 86% increase in telecom cable demand. Energy cable demand increased significantly as energy companies have been expanding the energy transmission network in response to the country's energy crisis. However, subsequent to fulfilling the requirements of the telecom concession agreement, telecom companies scaled back their investment activity in both optical fiber and copper cables to a minimum. It is estimated that demand for magnetic cable was negatively impacted in the fourth quarter of 2001 as a consequence of the Brazilian energy crisis; however, full year demand for magnetic cables was relatively flat versus the previous year.
The Brazilian cable volume production decreased further in 2002 mainly due to a reduction of investment activity from durable goods manufacturers and postponed high voltage transmission lines concessions. Intense rains and reduction of the power consumption in the country allowed this postponement of investments, in addition to the uncertainty caused by the Brazilian presidential elections, which took place by the end of 2002.
In 2003, the Brazilian market size decreased by 18.0% mainly due to lower investments from the electric sector compared to those performed in 2002.
Peruvian Wire and Cable Market. The following chart shows the Company's estimates for the Peruvian wire and cable industry (excluding copper wire rods) as well as the country's GDP growth rates for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Industry Size | ||
Year | (in metallic tons(1)) | GDP Rate |
2001 | 11,900 | -0.1% |
2002 | 10,900 | 4.9% |
2003 | 12,200 | 4.0% |
(1) Includes metal (copper and/or aluminum); excludes insulation materials.
(2) The GDP rates for Peru presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001 as a result of a change in Peru's calculation formula and methodology.
The Peruvian cable industry (measured in metallic tons) expanded moderately in the years 2000 and 2001, averaging a 5.1% growth rate, principally reflecting stronger investment activity in the mining and energy sectors. In 2002, the size of the Peruvian cable market decreased by 8.4% compared to 2001 and the market was negatively impacted by lower demand from electricity distributor companies in Lima due to uncertainties provoked by expected changes in the regulation and the low investment levels of the manufacturing sector, which were partially offset by a slight recovery of the construction sector.
In 2003, industry size increased by 11.9% versus the previous year mainly due to higher investment levels from the telecom sector which started its investment program after six years of almost no expansion. In addition, aluminum thermo-stable cables demand was positively boosted by the rural electrification program, performed by the Peruvian government in the first half of 2003. In 2003, the construction sector experienced a significant increase due to government incentives that promote the construction of social housing to reduce significant levels of deficit in this matter.
Argentina Wire and Cable Market. The following chart shows the Company's breakdown for the Argentine wire and cable industry (excluding copper wire rods) as well as the country's GDP growth rates for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Industry Size | ||
Year | (in metallic tons(1)) | GDP Rate |
2001 | 37,900 | -4.4% |
2002 | 14,100 | -10.9% |
2003 | 31,700 | 8.7% |
(1)Measurement estimates for industry size only include metal (copper and/or aluminum); excludes insulation materials.
The Argentine cable industry has been severely impacted over the recent years by the overall economic condition of the country and the lack of investment activity among the industry's principal client sectors. The Company estimates that industry size declined 4% and 62.8.8% in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. Given the poor outlook for the country's recovery during the year 2002, the Company ceased production activity of its Argentine wire and cable operations. In 2002, the market faced a significant drop in demand for metallic cables, from a total volume of 37,900 tons in 2001 to 14,100 tons in 2002. As a result of the decline in market size due to the decrease in imports from foreign cable participants, small domestic manufacturers now have a greater ability to compete on the market.
In 2003, the Argentine cable industry increased by 124.8% versus the previous year. The increase in the Argentine wire and cable industry size was mainly due to growth in the construction sector and to a smaller extent to the growth in demand for durable goods. Despite the aforementioned strong increase in volume demand, industry size is still below historic levels (average 50,000 tons between 1998 and 2000). See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview". The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable.
Wire and Cable -Market Share and Description of Competition
The Company strives to continue to be a preferred supplier of wire and cable products in all the markets where it participates based on its product portfolio as well as its high quality standards both in terms of products and customer service. The Company is implementing measures to strengthen its alliances with its key customer groups and to be the most reliable and competitive supplier for the distributors of its products. Madeco's principal competitive advantages currently include the high quality of its products, competitive prices, a large commercial network, a diverse product portfolio and a recognized brand name.
There are no formal third-party estimates on market share and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, import and export reports, the Company's own production and sales data, production reports from the Company's wire rod manufacturing entities in Chile and Peru and reports from Cochilco. See "Presentation of Information". Given the fact that the Company competes against different competitors in each of the four countries in which it has operations, market share and information regarding competitors has been separated by country.
Market Share and Competitors in the Chilean Cable Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share statistics for the Chilean copper wire and cable industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002* | 2003 | |
The Company | 32% | 29% | 30% |
Cocesa | 26% | 31% | 29% |
Covisa | 15% | 14% | 16% |
Other Domestic | 7% | 6% | 7% |
Imports into Chile | 20% | 20% | 18% |
(*) Market share of the Company for the year 2002 changed as a result of a change in the method of calculation. In 2003, the Company's market share includes products sold in Chile by its Brazilian subsidiary. Such products are not reflected in the Chilean sales because the Company's definition of sales excludes products sold by a local subsidiary.
Madeco currently has two principal Chilean competitors in the wire and cable industry. Cocesa, which is owned by the international cable manufacturer Phelps Dodge Corporation and has been in business since 1950. This competitor produces many of the same wire and cable products as those manufactured by the Company, except for magnetic wires and telecom cables, which are imported from other Phelps Dodge's facilities. Cocesa maintains its production facilities and headquarters in Santiago, and has a branch office in Antofagasta. The Company's other principal competitor is Covisa, a company that has been in business for 20 years and is owned by local investors. Covisa produces a variety of wires and cables, but does not manufacture magnetic wires or telecom cables. The headquarters and production facility are located in the city of Viña del Mar, and branch offices are located in Santiago and Concepcion. International wire and cable producers such as Pirelli Energia, Cabos e Sistemas do Brasil S. A. ("Pirelli" of Brazil, subsidiary of the multinational firm of Italy), Grupo Condumex S.A. de C.V. ("Condumex", of Mexico), Conductores Monterrey S.A. de C.V. (Mexico) and Top Cable Sociedad Anonima (Spain) have been importing products to Chile since 1997 and compete in the bidding processes in the Chilean mining, energy and telecom sectors.
In 2003, local Chilean wire and cable manufacturers produced an estimated 19,568 tons of wire and cable products for sale in Chile. Import products amounted to 4,295 tons, or approximately 18% of the industry. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports represented 20% (5,100 tons) and 20% (4,680 tons) of the industry, respectively.
In the year 2003, the Company's market share increased by 1 percentage point, due mainly to higher sales of aluminum and magnetic cables, which was partially offset by the loss of one telecom contract with one of the largest telecom companies in Chile.
Market Share and Competition in the Brazilian Cable Market. The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share statistics for the Brazilian wire and cable industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
Pirelli | 15% | 21% | 21% |
The Company | 12% | 18% | 18% |
Phelps Dodge | 5% | 11% | 11% |
Other Domestic | 43% | 48% | 48% |
Imports into Brazil | 25% | 2% | 2% |
Pirelli Energia, Cabos e Sistemas do Brasil S.A. ("Pirelli") is the global industry leader, with several operations throughout the world. The Company believes that Pirelli is the market leader in Brazil in various copper cable product segments, including copper and aluminum thermo-plastic cables, copper and aluminum thermo-stable cables, building wire, magnetic wire and copper telecom cable. Phelps Dodge ("PD"), a subsidiary of Phelps Dodge Corporation, has its Brazilian headquarters and production facilities located in Sao Paulo and has been in operation since 1965, (formerly as Alcoa). PD produces bare aluminum wire and cable, building wire and copper and aluminum thermo-plastic and thermo-stable cables. The Company believes that PD is one of the leading producers in Brazil of aluminum wire and cable products. Furukawa (Japan) sold its aluminum facilities to Nexans, and only competes in the telecom industry. Other competitors include the multinational Nexans (French), General Cables (USA) and Sao Marco (Mexico). In addition, CBA-Companhia Brasileira de Aluminio S.A. and Wirex are local producers.
In the year 2002, the local cable industry supplied almost all the needs in industrial investments, general market and enameled wire. For the high voltage transmission lines only a small part was imported, primarily from Venezuela (about 5,000 tons) about 7% of the aluminum cable consumption in Brazil in the year 2002. Due to the Argentine currency devaluation, a portion of insulated and bare aluminum cables for state owned power distribution companies were imported from Argentina.
In 2003, local Brazilian wire and cable manufacturers produced an estimated 146,651 tons of wire and cable products for sale in Brazil. Imported products amounted to 2,993 tons, or approximately 2% of the industry. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports represented 2% (3,650 tons) and 25% (78,000 tons) of the industry, respectively. Import sales reductions since 2002 reflect the return to normal levels in demand for telecom cables, after a demand upturn for such products by the end of 2001 and at the beginning of the year 2002.
As part of the Company's constant search of operational efficiencies, in September 2003, the aluminum cable producer, Ficap, started to transfer its operations from the Aratu plant in Salvador de Bahía to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. In the latter part of 2002 and during the year 2003, the Company focused its efforts on the development of specialty cables, and obtained internationally-recognized certification for these cables' technical characteristics. A market for these cables has developed in Brazil, Europe and some parts of Asia, where the Company has worked during 2003 in positioning these cables with the intention that the Company will be an important actor within this segment in 2004. The intention of being a relevant actor in the special cable sector is consistent with the Company's main strategy of improving margin levels.
Market Share and Competition in the Peruvian Cable Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share statistics for the Peruvian copper wire and cable industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
The Company | 48% | 56% | 64% |
Ceper | 19% | 18% | 11% |
Celsa | 6% | 9% | 10% |
Other Domestic | 8% | 10% | 9% |
Imports into Peru | 19% | 8% | 6% |
* A calculation of the Company's market share for the year 2001 results in market share of 56%, which differs from the 48% reported here, because sales in 2001 included scrap and copper rod sales.
The Company estimates that it is the market leader in most of the product segments within the Peruvian cable industry: bare copper wire, copper and aluminum thermo-plastic and thermo-stable cables, building wire, magnetic wire and copper telecom cables. The Company's principal Peruvian competitor is Conductores Electricos Peruanos ("Ceper"), founded in 1968; the company filed bankruptcy at the end of 2001. Conductores Electricos Lima ("Celsa") produces only building wire and copper thermo-plastic cables. Main competitors in Peru often encounter financial difficulties and small competitors that produce basic wire and cables products, often have difficulties procuring an adequate supply of copper wire rod, the principal raw material required for production.
In the year 2003, local manufacturers produced an estimated 11,468 tons of wire and cable products for sale in Peru.Imported products amounted to 732 tons, or approximately 6% of the industry. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports into Peru represented 6% (872 tons) and 19% (2,261 tons) of the industry, respectively. Imported products suffered a shrinkage of its market share due to lower local demand of thermo-stable cables, which previously were imported from the United States, Canada, Venezuela and Korea.
The Company increased its market share over the last three years. This trend has been maintained due to its permanent commitment to improve customer service, both in terms of product quality and service. Moreover, the Company is considered a more reliable supplier of wire and cables in Peru due to its permanent and dedicated efforts to supply all its orders just in time.
Market Share and Competition in the Argentine Cable Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share statistics for the Argentine copper wire and cable industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002(1) (2) | 2003 | |
Pirelli Argentina | 23% | 25% | 25% |
Imsa | 18% | 15% | 18% |
Cimet | 11% | 11% | 10% |
The Company | 9% | 4% | 4% |
Other Domestic | 29% | 38% | 40% |
Imports into Argentina | 10% | 7% | 3% |
(1) The market share rates for Argentina presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of access to more detailed information from competitors and copper rod suppliers.
(2) The calculation of the Company's market share for the year 2002 results in market share of 9%, which differs from the 4% reported here, because sales in 2002 included copper rod sales.
The Company currently has three principal Argentine competitors in the wire and cable industry. Pirelli Cables S.A.I.C. ("Pirelli Argentina", subsidiary of the multinational firm of Italy) is the industry leader, with offices and production facilities in Buenos Aires. The Company believes it is the leading supplier in Argentina of bare wire/cable, copper thermo-plastic and thermo-stable cables and building wire. Industria Metalurgica Sudamericana S.A. ("Imsa") is a local company, with its offices and production facilities located in Buenos Aires, that produces building wire and energy cable, and is the only manufacturer of magnetic wire in Argentina. Cimet S.A. was originally a Phelps Dodge subsidiary which was subsequently acquired by Siemens and then by the Rasmuss Group of Chile. Cimet's operations are located in Buenos Aires, producing a full range of copper and aluminum wire and cable products. The Company estimates that Cimet is the country's leading supplier of copper telecom cables.
In the year 2002, Decker-Indelqui lost five market share percentage points. This drop in the Company's market share was mainly due to the closure of the plants and reduction of the sales force, as a consequence of the prolonged crisis in the country and the sustained low investment levels.
In the year 2003, local Argentine wire and cable manufacturers produced an estimated 33,079 tons of wire and cable products for sale in Argentina. Import products amounted to 1,010 tons, or approximately 3% of the industry.
In 2003, the Company's market share remained flat, at 4%. In addition, the Company was in the process of obtaining governmental approval for the commercialization of wire and cable products in Argentina, which by the end of 2003 the Company had a complete mix of products imported from the Company's Brazilian subsidiary (Ficap).
Optical Fiber Cable
Until 2002, the Company produced optical fiber telecom cables, for which it had 2 production plants, one located in Brazil and the other in Argentina, with a combined installed capacity of 1,400,000 tons. In 2003, the Company minimized operations. As a result, its optical fiber cable subsidiary in Brazil was mainly dedicated to the sale of telecom cables in stock and in Argentina was dedicated to the sale of telecom cables in stock and, eventually, the production of optical fiber cables.
At year-end 2003, the Company received an adverse ruling in the arbitration claim that Madeco had against Corning, the holder of the remaining 50% participation in Optel. As a result among others, i) Madeco lost certain rights over the appointment of Optel's management, and ii) the decision obliges the Company to agree to the liquidation of Optel on Corning's demand and therefore the Company cannot guarantee continuance of its operations in the future. See "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
Brass Mills
Since Madeco's incorporation in 1944, the Company has been manufacturing pipe, bar and sheet products in Chile; the Company initiated the fabrication of aluminum based products (profiles, sheets and foil) in 1954.
In 1988, the Company acquired Armat, the sole private coin blanks producer in Chile dedicated to the production of coin blanks and minted coins made of copper and copper-based alloys for central banks. Madeco sends its coins for minting to the Chilean Mint and then exports the coins to central banks around the world.
The Argentine company, Decker S.A.I.C.A.F. e I. ("Decker") was originally a Brass Mills operation founded in 1900 by Mr. Guillermo Decker. The Company acquired Decker in 1994. Decker-Indelqui S.A. was created in 1998 as a result of the merger of the Company's two subsidiaries in Argentina; the merged entity is currently owned 99.34% by the Company and participates in both the Wire and Cable and Brass Mills businesses.
The following table includes the names of the Company's subsidiaries dedicated to the production, sales and distribution of brass mills products:
Country | Entity Name | Division |
Chile | Madeco Chile Armat S.A. | PBS(1) Coins and sheets |
Argentina | Decker-Indelqui S.A. | PBS(1) |
(1) PBS = Pipes, Bars and Sheets
At year-end 2001, as a consequence of Argentina's tumultuous economic environment and political instability, the Company suspended its Argentine Wire and Cable and Brass Mills production operations. Decker-Indelqui maintained a minimal staff in Argentina, primarily to sell products imported from certain of Madeco's Chilean facilities and to ensure the security and maintenance of its Argentine production facilities. In the second half of 2003, as a result of the gradual recovery in the Argentine market, the Company decided to reopen its copper tubes and foundry operations, and additionally decided to boost its commercial department, for which the Company maintains 12 employees focused in the sale of local production as well as imports from Chilean and Brazilian subsidiaries. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable. See "- History and Development of the Company " and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview".
At the end of 2002, in order to minimize costs and improve efficiency levels at the subsidiary producer of coin blanks and coins, a merger of administrative tasks between Armat and Madeco Chile was completed. Beginning 2003, the accounting, finance, monitoring of the administrative process, information systems, supply and human resources areas are managed from the head office in Santiago.
Brass Mills - Summary of Sales
The following table shows the Company's annual net sales generated by the Brass Mills business unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Brass Mills Unit - Revenues (in Ch$ million) | ||||
Year | PBS- Revenues | Coins- Revenues | Total Revenues | % Consolidated Revenues |
2001 | 58,430 | 14,111 | 72,541 | 21.0% |
2002 | 46,987 | 10,140 | 57,127 | 22.1% |
2003 | 49,377 | 6,800 | 56,177 | 23.6% |
Brass Mills Unit - Volume Sales (in tons) | ||||
Year | PBS- Volume Sales | Coins- Volume Sales | Total Volume Sales | % Consolidated Volume |
2001 | 32,141 | 4,692 | 36,833 | 24.6% |
2002 | 25,771 | 3,582 | 29,353 | 25.6% |
2003 | 27,375 | 2,985 | 30,360 | 27.8% |
The Brass Mills unit is Madeco's second largest segment in terms of revenues, representing 23.6% of consolidated sales in 2003. Of the four businesses, the Company's Brass Mills unit is the most internationally diverse, with customers in over 27 countries. Export sales in 2003 amounted to approximately 57.0% of total revenues and 62.1% of total volume sales for the Company's Brass Mills unit.
The following table shows the Company's total revenues generated by the Brass Mills unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, broken down by the subsidiary generating the sale:
Brass Mills Unit - Revenues (in Ch$ million) | |||||
Year | Madeco Chile | Decker-Indelqui | Armat | Inter-company | Brass Mills Unit |
2001 | 51,335 | 11,935 | 14,429 | (5,158) | 72,541 |
2002 | 46,210 | 3,117 | 10,204 | (2,404) | 57,127 |
2003 | 51,080 | 4,048 | 7,163 | (6,114) | 56,177 |
Brass Mills - Production
The Company's pipe, bar and sheet, or "PBS", operation in Chile has two production facilities located in the southern part of Santiago, a smelting furnace and a manufacturing plant for pipes, bars and sheets. Moreover, the Company has its coin blank manufacturing plant in Quilpue, approximately 120 kilometers from Santiago. The Company's Argentine brass mills facilities are located near Buenos Aires, in Avellaneda, Llavallol and Barracas. In the second half of 2003, the Company reopened its pipes and foundry productions. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview".
The following table includes information regarding each Brass Mills production facility:
Country | Location | Principal Products | ISO Certification(1) |
Chile | San Miguel, Santiago | Pipes and Bars | 9002: 1998, 2001 9001: 2003 |
San Bernardo, Santiago | Smelting Furnace, Sheets | 9002: 1998, 2001 9001 : 2003 | |
Quilpue | Coin Blanks and Sheets | 9002: 1997 9001: 2003 | |
Argentina | Avellaneda, BA | Smelting Furnace | N/A |
Llavallol, BA | Sheets and Foundry | N/A | |
Barracas, BA | Pipes | N/A |
(1) In cases where two dates are included, the first date indicates the original certification and the second date indicates the most recent certification.
The Company's brass mills operation produces pipe, bar and sheet products in a variety of copper, aluminum and brass alloys. Copper and brass pipes are used principally by the construction industry and its other bar and sheet products are used as raw material in the fabrication of electrical components, mechanical units and hardware fixtures. The Company also produces coin blanks and minted coins, made principally from copper-based alloys.
Production of pipes and/or sheet products begins by melting in a furnace the proper combination of metals and elements to obtain the desired alloy. The Company has two different types of foundry processes: electric and natural gas. The electric foundry is used to melt virgin raw material and to produce special alloys such as brass. The natural gas furnace enables the Company to melt secondhand metals mixed with virgin metals and produce alloys which meet standard international requirements. The smelted material is then cast in vertical semi-continuous machines that produce different shapes depending on the final product; for example, cylinders are produced for pipes and rectangular bars are created for sheets, bars and busbars.
Copper and brass pipes are used in the residential and commercial construction industry, primarily for sewage and drinking water systems. Copper pipes are also used for air conditioning, heating and refrigeration units, in the fabrication of various automobile parts and by other durable goods manufacturers. The Company's pipe products range in diameter from 2 mm to 5 inches; pipes over 1 inch in diameter are produced in strips measuring up to 6 meters in length while pipes under 1 inch in diameter can be produced in strip or rolled form.
The following diagram depicts the production process for pipe products:
billets
Metalsà smeltingà hot piercingà drawingà cuttingà annealingà packing
Copper sheets are used mainly for roofing in the construction sector and for thermal isolation purposes (e.g., car radiators). Copper and brass sheets serve as raw material for decorative items such as picture frames and doors. Madeco also manufactures aluminum sheets, which are mainly used for packaging products for the mass consumer market as well as ducts. The vast array of products differ in terms of thickness, width and metal temper, depending on the application for which the final product will be used.
The following diagram depicts the production process for sheets:
Metals cakes
à Smeltingà hot rollingà surface millingà cold rollingà annealingà cuttingà packing
Copper busbars are principally used as heavy bars for control panels and serve as electrical conductors for low voltage and high amperage energy transmission. In general, the bar height is a function of the amperage; the greater amount of amperage to be transmitted, the greater the height. The Company produces bars up to eight inches in height. Brass bars are manufactured with a special leaded brass, which is a free cutting alloy necessary for the fabrication of bolts, nut or valves.
The following diagram depicts the production process for busbars and brass bars:
Metals billets
à Smeltingà drawingà cuttingà packing
Recent product launches in the PBS division include copper water outlets, new copper roofing designs, plastic covered copper pipes for the energy sector and silver-plated busbars for the mining industry.
Coin blanks and minted coins can be made from more than 20 different alloys. The main types of coin blanks and minted coins are copper-based (Nordic Gold, brass, nickel silver, copper-nickel or copper-aluminum-nickel), steel-based (electroplated, cladding and stainless steel), bimetallic (different alloys for the outer and inner ring) and commemorative (gold or silver). Madeco's production specializes in four copper-based alloys: Nordic Gold (copper, aluminum, zinc and tin), brass (copper and zinc), nickel silver (copper, nickel and zinc) and bronze coins (copper plus nickel or copper, aluminum and nickel). The exact alloy mix in each case is determined by customer specifications.
The following diagram depicts the production process for coins:
Electric melting furnaceà horizontal continuos castingà cold rolingà annealingà blank cuttingà annealingà polishingà sortingà inspecting, cutting, packing
Madeco has had an agreement since March 2000 with the Chilean Mint for its minted coins. This agreement has a five-year term and is automatically renewable for an additional five years unless either of the two parties expressly decides not to renew the contract. Pursuant to this agreement, the Chilean Mint provides the minting process necessary for the Company to fill international customer orders for minted coins from any public or private bids. Each November, the Company and the Chilean Mint must reach an agreement on a reference price, which provides a framework for future bids. The final price for each minting order, however, will depend on the specifications of each particular bid, including alloy, coin size and mint design.
In the case of minted coins, the central bank of each country provides the dies to produce the samples. Once approved, the minted coins are delivered under special security procedures to the vaults of the central bank, where they are carefully reviewed. Once the contract is completed, the dies are returned and a certificate is emitted by the Chilean Mint certifying the amount of the coined currencies.
Brass Mills - Raw Materials
The primary raw materials used in the production of brass mills products are copper, aluminum, zinc, nickel and tin. Historically, prices of copper, aluminum and metals in general have fluctuated greatly. The Company attempts to modify the selling prices of its products to respond to these fluctuations. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Fluctuations in LME Metal Prices and Exchange Rates between Currencies".
The Company purchases its copper supplies for its Brass Mills operations mainly from two large Chilean mining companies, Codelco and Enami. See "- Metallic Cables - Raw Materials". The Company obtains most of its Brass Mills- aluminum requirements from Aluminios Argentinos S.A.I.C. ("Aluar", of Argentina). On January, 2004, the Company signed a contract with Valesul Aluminio S.A. for the supply of its PBS requirements (about 1,045 tons of aluminum billets).
The Company's zinc requirements are purchased mainly from two Peruvian suppliers, Doe Run Peru S.R.L. ("Doe Run") and Cajamarquilla. On December 16, 2002, the Company signed an agreement with Doe Run in which Doe Run agreed to supply a total of 480 to 720 metric tons of zinc annually. The contract has been modified from previous agreements with Doe Run relating to the quantity of zinc required by the Company, in order to include both the supply needed by the subsidiary producer of coin blanks and coins and the sales increase of brass-based products. Nickel is purchased mainly from Inco Limited (Canada) and Companhia Niquel Tocantins S.A. (Brazil), and tin is purchased mainly from Minsur S.A. (Peru).
Madeco believes that its contracts and other agreements with third-party suppliers for the supply of raw materials for its brass mills products contain standard and customary terms and conditions. During the past ten years, the Company has not experienced any substantial difficulties in obtaining adequate supplies of necessary raw materials at satisfactory prices nor does it expect to do so in the future. A long-standing project exists, however, to study a possible modification or elimination of the Copper Reserve Law by changing the copper reserves that local copper producers must maintain in order to sell to Chilean manufacturers. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors".
While the pipes, bars and sheets, or "PBS", division and the coin division together constitute the Company's Brass Mills business unit, the following discussions below (sales breakdown by destination, sales and distribution, market demand and industry size estimates, and market share and description of competition) have been separated into two sub-sections (PBS and Coins).
PBS - Sales by Destination
Madeco sells a large portion of its brass mills products in Chile and Argentina, where the Company has its production installations. Additionally, the Company exports pipes, bars and sheets to multiple countries, including the United States as well as countries in Latin America, Europe and Asia. Export sales for the PBS division consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile or Argentina and represented 52.4% of the total division's revenues for the year 2003. The following table shows Madeco's annual net sales generated by the PBS division by destination for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
PBS Division - Revenues by Destination (in Ch$ million) | |||||||
Year | Chile | Argentina | Exports(1) | PBS Division | |||
2001 | 18,970 | 8,518 | 30,942 | 58,430 | |||
2002 | 18,341 | 2,683 | 25,964 | 46,988 | |||
2003 | 19,432 | 4,093 | 25,852 | 49,377 |
PBS Division - Volume Sales by Destination (in tons) | |||||||
Year | Chile | Argentina | Exports(1) | PBS Division | |||
2001 | 8,978 | 3,927 | 19,236 | 32,141 | |||
2002 | 8,494 | 1,113 | 16,164 | 25,771 | |||
2003 | 9,134 | 2,318 | 15,923 | 27,375 |
(1) Exports for the PBS division consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile or Argentina.
Revenues increased by Ch$2,389 million or 5.1% compared to the previous year. The net sales increase was caused principally by a rise in volume sales (6.2%), the product of higher sales both in Chile and Argentina due to market share gains, primarily copper pipes. Moreover, revenues were driven by a 10.1% increase in the Chilean average price, which was due to the increase in the price of copper that occurred in 2003.
PBS - The Company's Sales and Distribution
The Company attempts to maintain close relationships with each of its major customers and devotes substantial efforts toward developing strong long-term relationships. In order to best serve the specific needs of Madeco's client groups, each sales representative is assigned to clients on an exclusive basis and clients are grouped together based on industry and/or geographic region.
The Company's Chilean sales force shares its sales staff with Madeco Chile's Wire and Cable unit. This combined sales force includes a commercial manager, three supervisors, 13 sales representatives (two of them located in the southern region and one located in the northern region of the country to attend the mining industry), five sales assistants, one project engineer and one person in charge of marketing. Customer groupings in the Chilean market include: retail companies, electronic and electric appliance manufacturers, aluminum foil and sheet buyers and durable goods manufacturers. The Company also utilizes the Chilean wire and cable commercial network to market and sell its brass mills products to other customer segments. In 2003, due to the Company's decision to boost the sales of the brass mills unit in Argentina after the closure of the plants at the end of 2001, a sales group was created including a sales head and 7 salesmen, 5 of which are located in Buenos Aires, 1 in Cordoba and another in Rosario.
The Company's PBS operations have 635 clients in Chile, 492 Argentine customers and 135 customers in its export markets. In 2003, the largest customer was a brass mills product distributor in Austria and sales to this customer accounted for 13.8% of the Company's total revenues generated from the sale of pipes, bars and sheets.
Given the unique tendencies that occur in each of the markets served by the Company's Brass Mills business unit, information regarding sales by sector have been included on a country by country basis. The following charts show the Company's sales breakdown by client grouping for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
The Company's Chilean Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Retail | 68% | 68% | 68% |
Electric appliance manufacturers | 6% | 7% | 5% |
Aluminum | 4% | 4% | 4% |
Durable good manufacturers | 18% | 18% | 13% |
Others | 4% | 3% | 10% |
The Company's Argentine Customer Groupings | |||
% 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues | |
Distributors | 39% | 53% | 59% |
Construction | 24% | 15% | 15% |
Durable good manufacturers | 37% | 32% | 26% |
In general, all of the Company's PBS division customers outside of Argentina can buy on credit. While a small portion of the customers outside of Argentina make cash payments for their purchase orders, the majority of sales in 2003 outside of Argentina were made with credit. In general, the Company has recently been required to lengthen its credit terms for its clients in order to match payment terms offered by competitors. There has been a growth in uncollectibles primarily as a result of a strict compliance with provision policies and outstanding indebtedness reviews made by management, and partly due to an increase in Argentine clients with financial problems, reflecting the country's economic difficulties. Due to Argentina's economic crisis, the Company has significantly reduced its credit operations in Argentina and currently, most Argentine customers make purchases in cash.
Delivery or shipping of standard products that are in stock is made within a 48-hour period. In the case of customized products, the production time ranges between 30 and 90 days, depending upon the complexity of the item being produced and the plant workload. The Company implemented an automated production programming system (Scheduler) in its Chilean operation in order to improve production flow and consequently shorten the time period between the ordering and delivery of customized products. When products are completed and available for delivery, the Company either hires third-party transportation companies to deliver the finished goods to a customer's plant or warehouse, or the customer picks up the products at the Company's plant. The mode of transportation for exported products depends on the destination country: while ground transportation is used within the Southern Cone countries, sea transportation is used for exports to all other countries.
PBS - Market Demand and Industry Size Estimates
The principal users of the Company's pipe, bar and sheet products are the mining, energy, and construction sectors, as well as durable goods manufacturers. The Company's management believes that overall demand for its brass mills products is largely dependent on GDP growth. Investments within the mining and energy sectors are also largely dependent on new infrastructure projects. Investment activity and/or demand for the Company's products from the construction sector, durable goods manufacturers and retail operations depend largely on the country's GDP growth. While demand from durable goods manufacturers seems to depend primarily on GDP growth, demand from the construction sector appears to depend both on GDP growth as well as interest rates and unemployment levels.
There are no formal third-party estimates on industry size for any of the countries in which Madeco has Brass Mills operations and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, import and export reports and the Company's proprietary production and sales data. See "Presentation of Information".
Given the unique evolution of the brass mills industry within each individual country or segment, discussions regarding the industry growth/shrinkage over the 2001-2003 period are included separately for Chile and Argentina.
Chilean PBS Market. The following chart shows the Company's estimates for the Chilean pipe, bar and sheet industry as well as the country's annual GDP growth rate for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Industry Size (in tons) | |||
Year | Total Industry Size | GDP Rate(1) | |
2001 | 17,380 | 3.4% | |
2002 | 15,822 | 2.2% | |
2003 | 16,734 | 3.3% |
(1) The annual GDP rates for Chile presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in Chile's calculation formula and methodology.
The Company estimates that the industry size for copper and brass products for the year 2003 increased 5.8% versus the previous year. Such increase primarily reflects a higher demand of copper bars from the mining industry, specially from one of the Chilean largest mines, as it modernized its copper refinery, demanding copper bars that support cathodes and conduct electricity.
Argentine PBS Market. The following chart shows the Company's estimates of the Argentine pipe, bar and sheet industry as well as the country's GDP growth rates for the years 2001 to 2003:
Year | Industry Size(1) (in tons) | GDP Rate |
2001 | 19,700 | -4.4% |
2002 | 9,700 | -10.9% |
2003 | 17,000 | 8.7% |
(1) The Company's estimates for industry size differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001. As a consequence of additional available information and an improved calculation methodology (excludes semi-foundry and other raw material for industry size estimations), the Company believes that the figures presented above better reflect industry size.
A factor that has negatively impacted the Argentine pipe, bar and sheet industry size is the strong demand for PVC pipes. While copper pipes are used for both water and sewage systems in commercial buildings and high-income private housing, PVC pipes dominate the medium- and lower-income housing construction segments. Copper pipes outperform PVC pipes in terms of resistance to pressure and durability, but PVC pipes are popular due to their high quality and lower prices.
In 2003, the industry size increased 75.3% versus the previous year mainly due to greater activity in the construction sector and the recovery of durable goods manufacturers after the devaluation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar. Despite the high growth rate shown in 2003, the demand for pipes, bars and sheets in Argentina is still below historical levels (27,450 tons on average between 1989 and 1998), reflecting the fact that all client sectors of the Company's pipe, bar and sheet products have been negatively impacted by the economic crisis in Argentina.
PBS - Market Share Estimates and Description of Competition
The Company strives to continue to be a preferred supplier domestically and globally, meeting international quality standards, delivering excellent customer service and continuously being innovative in terms of new product applications. Madeco's principal competitive advantages currently include the high quality of its products, competitive prices, a large commercial network, a diverse product portfolio and a recognized brand name.
There are no formal third-party estimates on market share and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, import and export reports and the Company's own production and sales data. See "Presentation of Information". Given the fact that the Company competes against different competitors in both of the countries in which it has operations, market share and information regarding competitors has been separated by country.
Market Share and Competition in the Chilean PBS Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share statistics for the Chilean pipe, bar and sheet industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
The Company | 50% | 53% | 55% |
Cembrass | 7% | 10% | 7% |
Tecob | 7% | 7% | 2% |
Conmetal | 4% | 8% | 8% |
Offermanns | 3% | 3% | 2% |
Other Domestic | 3% | 3% | 2% |
Imports into Chile | 26% | 16% | 24% |
(1) The Company's estimates for market share differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001. As a consequence of additional available information and an improved calculation methodology (excludes semi-foundry and brass rod in industry size estimations for industry size), the Company believes that the figures presented above better reflect market share.
The Company is the largest local producer of pipes, bars and sheets in Chile, reaching an estimated market share of 55% for the year 2003. The Company believes that it is the leading producer in Chile for copper pipes, bars and sheets, brass sheets and aluminum disks. According to the Company's estimates, there is no clearly defined leader in either the brass pipe or aluminum sheet segments.
The Company's primary competitor in the pipe segment is Tecnologia en Cobre S.A. ("Tecob"), a company created in 1993 by a former Madeco employee; Tecob only produces rigid copper pipes. At the end of 2002, Tecob started to suffer financial difficulties, that led it to lower production levels and finally, as of July 2003, it stopped its production. The other significant participant in the pipe segment is Themco-Conformadores de Metales S.A. ("Conmetal"). Conmetal manufactures rigid copper pipes and small copper bars and was created in 1995 by Themco, a large plastic pipe and fitting conglomerate. The Company estimates that the leader in the brass bars segment is Cembrass S.A. ("Cembrass"). Cembrass is a subsidiary of Indugas (one of Chile's liquid gas distributors) and produces large and medium sized brass bars. The other significant brass bar producer is Manufacturas de Metales Offermanns Flood S.A.I.C. ("Offermanns"), a company that has been in the market fo r almost 60 years. Offermanns' products include brass bars as well as the well known Flood brand padlock. Other smaller competitors include Electro Copper Ltda., Camet Ltda. and Aceros y Metales S.A.
In 2002, the Company's overall Chilean PBS market share increased its market share from 50% in 2001 to 53%. Madeco increased market share of copper products from 64% in 2001 to 66% in 2002, copper plates being the product with the highest increase. Market share of aluminum sheets and disks increased from 27% in 2001 to 31% in 2002, although total market for such products increased only by 5%. Market share of brass-based products declined from 32% in 2001 to 29% in 2002, mainly as a result of the Cembrass's increased strength in this segment.
In the year 2003, domestic producers manufactured approximately 12,718 tons of pipe, bar and sheet products for sale in Chile. Imported products amounted to 4,016 tons, or approximately 24% of the industry. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports represented 16% (2,580 tons) and 26% (4,500 tons) of the industry, respectively.
In 2003, the Company increased its market share by two percentage points. Such increase is based on a rise in both the tube and copper bars market. In the second half of 2003, the Company's main local competitor stopped its production due to financial difficulties, and one of the main importers of copper tubes came to an agreement with the Company to replace its import with direct purchases from Madeco. Within the copper bars market, Madeco also increased its market share after it was awarded the majority of a contract with one of the main mining companies in the country for the purchase of copper bars that conduct electricity.
Market Share and Competition in the Argentine PBS Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate for market share statistics of pipe, bar and sheet products for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
The Company | 20% | 11% | 13% |
Pajarbol-Cembrass | 13% | 13% | 15% |
Sotyl | 9% | 13% | 12% |
Vaspia | 6% | 7% | 7% |
Quimetal | 6% | 11% | 7% |
Other Domestic | 21% | 42% | 34% |
Imports into Argentina | 25% | 3% | 12% |
(1) The Company's estimates for market share differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001. As a consequence of additional available information and an improved calculation methodology (excludes semi-foundry and other raw material sold by the Company in the estimations of industry), the Company believes that the figures presented above better reflect market share.
Madeco estimates that it has been the leading brass mills manufacturer in Argentina over the past years. Its principal competitor is Pajarbol S.A.; this company was founded in 1957 and is the largest producer of high quality brass bars. Sotyl S.A. was founded in 1973 and principally produces brass sheets. Vaspia S.A.I.C. was founded in 1960 and is a producer of brass bars, profiles, valves and hardware fixtures. Industrias Quimetal S.A.I.C. was founded over 30 years ago and has a modern plant specializing in copper pipe production for refrigeration and heating units.
In the year 2003, local manufacturers produced approximately 14,960 tons of pipes, bars and sheet products for sale in Argentina. Import products amounted to 2,040 tons, or approximately 12% of the market. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports represented 3% (291 tons) and 25% (4,925 tons), respectively.
In 2002, the Company lost nine percentage points of market share after the closure of its production facilities, and, in that year, efforts were focused on the sale of stock. In 2003, the Company's market share increased by two percentage points due to the partial recovery of historical sale levels. In 2003 the Company reorganized its commercial department, pipe and foundry productions were re-opened in the second half of 2003 and brass bars were imported from Brazil.
Market Share in the International Export Market. While the Company does not have detailed market information available regarding the size of the global brass mills industry, it is estimated that the international market exceeds 4 million tons and Madeco's market share based on sales to countries other than Chile and Argentina represents less than 1% of the total industry.
Coins - Sales by Destination
Madeco sells the bulk of its coin products to countries outside Chile; export sales represented 90.8% of the total coin revenues for the year 2003. The following table shows Madeco's annual net sales by destination for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Coins Division - Revenues by Destination (in Ch$ million) | |||
Year | Chile | Exports(1) | Coins Division |
2001 | 1,076 | 13,035 | 14,111 |
2002 | 1,253 | 8,886 | 10,139 |
2003 | 629 | 6,171 | 6,800 |
Coins Division - Volume Sales by Destination (in tons) | |||
Year | Chile(2) | Exports(1) | Coins Division |
2001 | 39 | 4,653 | 4,692 |
2002 | 92 | 3,490 | 3,582 |
2003 | 71 | 2,914 | 2,985 |
(1) Exports for the Coins division consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile.
The Company's net sales of coins and coin blanks in 2003 decreased 32.9% versus 2002, reflecting a drop in export sales and lower average prices. The price decline was driven by the excess production capacity worldwide after the end of the peak demand for Euro coins which began circulation on January 1, 2002.
Coins - The Company's Sales and Distribution
Manufacturing of coin blanks starts only when customers settle the orders and sign a formal contract. The commercial department is in charge of a commercial manager who participates in bid processes, opening new potential markets and maintaining good relationships between the Company and its customers. The Company also hires agents in many countries to act as representatives according to local legal requirements.
The Company's sales process begins with a bidding process, which can be either public or private, depending on the country. In the case of a public bid, any coin manufacturer has the right to make a sales quote. In contrast, manufacturers must be invited to participate in a private bid. In the case of bids made to Europe, Central and South America, the price determined by the Company has two components: a fixed price for the conversion of metal to coin blanks and a variable price for the metal used, based on prices quoted on the LME.
The Company's largest clients are central banks and coin mints. This business is dependent upon the central banks and mints that are replenishing their respective country's coin supply, making for purchase patterns consisting of infrequent but high volume sales. The Company's key customer in 2003 was the Central Bank of Indonesia and this customer accounted for 27% of total coin sales. The Company's key European customer in 2003 was The Central Bank of Ireland, which accounted for 12% of total coin sales.
Coins - Market Demand and Industry Size Estimates
Demand by a country's central bank depends on that country's GDP growth rate, inflation, population growth, tourism as well as the wear and tear of the existing minted coins.
There are no formal third-party estimates on industry size. The coin blanks and minted coin industry operates on an international bidding system. The Company's estimate of industry size for the past three years is based solely on published information from its competitors, the public bids of which the Company is aware, the private bids to which the Company is invited to participate, installed capacities and the Company's own sales data.
Year | Industry Size (in tons)(1) |
2001 | 100,000 |
2002 | 65,200 |
2003 | 65,200 |
(1) Industry size estimates only include coins fabricated with non-ferrous metals, and exclude electroplated coins as well as coins fabricated with stainless steel.
Prior to the launch of the new Euro coin, the coin industry averaged 45,000 tons for the 1990-1998 period. The substantial growth in the coin industry since 1999 is the result of the launch of Europe's single currency, which began circulation in January 2002. The introduction of the new currency has brought structural changes to the coin market. Most of the larger coin manufacturing companies increased production capacity and quality controls, as well as introduced state-of-the-art technology into the production process.
In 2003, the industry size of the market remained flat versus the previous year, due mainly to the stagnation of demand from European Central Banks.
Coins - Market Share and Description of Competition
Today, Armat is the sole private domestic producer of coins in Chile and among the leaders in the international coin blank market. The Company's principal advantages as compared to its competitors are a consequence of its permanent commitment to high product quality and excellent customer service.
There are no formal third-party research estimates on market share and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, the public bids of which the Company is aware, the private bids to which the Company is invited to participate, installed capacities and the Company's own sales data. See "Presentation of Information". The following table sets forth the Company's estimates of market share based on the volume of international bids awarded to each company for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
Poongsan | 35% | 35% | 39% |
VDN | 31% | 31% | 25% |
The Company | 5% | 6% | 5% |
Royal Mint of England | 3% | 2% | 2% |
Royal Canadian of Canada | 3% | 3% | 3% |
Others | 23% | 23% | 26% |
There are four other participants in the coin production industry, which the Company estimates, together with the Company's own coin production, represent more than 75% of the total volume in the industry. With the exception of Royal Canadian, all of the major coin companies manufacture the Euro coin alloy. The industry's largest participant is Vereinigte Deutsche Nickel ("VDN") of Germany, with a production capacity of 45,000 tons; additionally, this competitor manufactures electroplating coins. Poongsan of Korea is the global leader in the coin industry and is recognized for its product quality. The market leader specializes in copper-based coin blanks, including the Euro, and its principal market is Asia. Finally, there are two government-related entities in the coin industry, the Royal Mint of England and Royal Canadian.
The Company's market share over the past few years has declined as other participants in the coin industry have significantly increased their respective production capacities in order to exploit the increased industry demand for the Euro currency. In 2001, most of the Company's installed capacity was committed to sales of coin blanks to Europe. After the introduction of the Euro and due to the drastic decrease in the demand, competitors initiated aggressive pricing, given the excess of installed capacity in the industry which has negatively affected the Company's market share.
In 1961, Alusa S.A. was founded jointly by the Company and the Zecchetto family with the objective of producing, selling and distributing flexible packaging products printed by either rotogravure or flexographic methods. In order to strengthen its strategic position within the two segments in which it then participated, Alusa separated in 1994 its Flexible Packaging operations from its complementary business, the fabrication of aluminum foil and plastic wrap (both mass consumer products for home and commercial use).
The Company began the internationalization of its Flexible Packaging business in 1993 with the creation of Aluflex S.A. and the greenfield construction of a plant in San Luis, Argentina. The objective of the new operation was to supply the large mass consumer product companies in Argentina as well as access the immense Brazilian market potential. In addition, the plant's location is optimal to serve as a secondary production source to fulfill peaks in Chilean demand.
In 1996, the Company entered into the Peruvian packaging market by acquiring a 25% interest from Peruplast S.A. and TechPack S.A., maintaining to date such stake in Peruplast and a 25.6% in TechPack. Both companies are leaders in the flexible packaging Peruvian market, with an estimated combined market share of 62% for 2003. Peruplast prints packaging products through a rotogravure technique and TechPack prints packaging products, through a flexographic method. The two companies have one majority shareholder and the Company participates through a shareholders agreement.
The following table includes the names of the Company's subsidiaries dedicated to the production, sales and distribution of flexible packaging products:
Country | Entity Name |
Chile | Alusa S.A. |
Alufoil S.A. | |
Argentina | Aluflex S.A. |
Despite a tumultuous economic environment and political instability in Argentina, the Company never closed or dramatically reduced the operations of its subsidiary Aluflex. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview".
Flexible Packaging - Summary of Sales
The following table shows the Company's annual net sales generated by the Flexible Packaging business unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Flexible Packaging Unit | ||||
Year | Revenues (in Ch$ million) | % Consolidated Revenues | Volume Sales (in tons) | % Consolidated Volume |
2001 | 43,971 | 12.8% | 14,013 | 10.2% |
2002 | 40,939 | 15.8% | 13,912 | 12.3% |
2003 | 41,737 | 17.6% | 14,821 | 13.6% |
In 2003, revenues increased by Ch$798 million or 1.9% with respect to the previous year. The net sales rise was a consequence of an increase in volumes sales in Chile (3.8%), Argentina (6.1%) and export sales (26.2%). In addition, average price in dollars in Argentina between 2002 and 2003 was 6.4% higher. These effects were partially offset by the appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar in 2003.
The Company principally sells its flexible packaging products in the same markets where it maintains its operations. Additionally, Madeco exports flexible packaging products to various countries, both within Latin America and abroad; export sales represented 12.1% of the total unit's revenues for the year 2003. The following tables show the Company's annual net sales generated by the Flexible Packaging business unit by destination for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Flexible Packaging Unit - Revenues by Destination (in Ch$ million) | ||||
Year | Chile | Argentina | Exports(1) | Flexible Packaging Unit |
2001 | 26,330 | 14,397 | 3,244 | 43,971 |
2002 | 26,607 | 9,913 | 4,419 | 40,939 |
2003 | 27,503 | 9,172 | 5,062 | 41,737 |
Flexible Packaging Unit - Volume Sales by Destination (in tons) | ||||
Year | Chile | Argentina | Exports(1) | Flexible Packaging Unit |
2001 | 9,379 | 3,746 | 888 | 14,013 |
2002 | 9,319 | 3,222 | 1,371 | 13,912 |
2003 | 9,674 | 3,417 | 1,730 | 14,821 |
(1) Exports for the Flexible Packaging unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile or Argentina.
In 2003, volume sales for the Flexible Packaging unit amounted to 14,821 tons, a 6.5% increase versus 13,912 tons sold the previous year.
The following table shows the Company's total revenues generated by the Flexible Packaging unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, broken down by the subsidiary generating the sale:
Flexible Packaging Unit - Revenues by Subsidiary (in Ch$ million) | ||||
Year | Alusa + Alufoil | Aluflex | Inter-company | Flexible Packaging Unit |
2001 | 28,632 | 15,339 | 0 | 43,971 |
2002 | 30,202 | 10,737 | 0 | 40,939 |
2003 | 31,461 | 10,280 | (4) | 41,737 |
Flexible Packaging - Production
The Company has a total of three modern facilities for the production of flexible packaging products. The Chilean operation has two plants and the Argentine subsidiary operates one facility. The following table includes information regarding each flexible packaging production facility: plant location, principal products manufactured and ISO certification:
Country | Location | Principal Products | ISO Certification(1) |
Chile | Quilicura, Santiago | Flexographic, Rotogravure | 9001: 1997, 2003 |
La Reina, Santiago | Plastic and aluminum films | N/A | |
Argentina | San Luis | Flexographic, Rotogravure | 9001: 1998, 2003 |
(1) In cases where two dates are included, the first date indicates the original certification and the second date indicates the most recent certification.
Flexible packaging products include candy wrappers, bags for cookies, snack foods, fresh and frozen products, as well as diapers and personal hygiene products, envelopes for powdered soups and juices, flexible bags for ketchup and mayonnaise as well as for cleaning products such as laundry detergents, labels for beverage bottles, peel-off lids and labels for yogurt containers and wrappers for ice cream products. All of the Company's products are manufactured in accordance with international requirements and customized to meet individual customer specifications. The Company also produces aluminum foil and plastic wrap, end products for the mass consumer market.
Production of flexible packaging products begins by combining the different layers of material(s) required for each particular packaging order; the combination of materials depends on the product's requirements, such as impermeability, desired shelf life and cost considerations. Flexible packaging products are made from any combination of the following: plastics (such as polypropylene, polyethylene and/or polyester), aluminum foil, resin, wax and adhesives. The most common packaging types are single-layer and multi-layer, coextruded barrier films, doy pack containers and metallized films. Many of the packaging component materials are purchased in ready-to-print rolls. Due to the high volume of polyethylene used in flexible packaging, this raw material is purchased in pellet form and extruded at the Company's facilities into rolls of the appropriate diameter, thickness, width and color for each particular order.
The principal pre-printing process involves the digital design for packaging graphics, including color selection, text and layout. There are two forms of printing: rotogravure and flexographic. The rotogravure printing process involves diamond-etching a separate cylinder for each color and a lengthy set-up process; as such, it is appropriate for high-volume orders. The flexographic printing method requires a metal plate containing the design to be printed. The flexographic method is more appropriate for smaller orders as a result of its more efficient use of dye and energy, and is the only method that can print over polyethylene.
Traditionally, machinery and equipment requirements for rotogravure printing have been greater than for flexographic printing, and as a result, flexographic printing has been more commonly used. While the flexographic printing method has traditionally been inferior to the rotogravure method in terms of printing clarity and quality, these differences have been disappearing over time as the quality and equipment investments in the flexographic printing method have increased. The following diagram depicts the flexible packaging production process:
Graphic designingà
Extrution of polyethyleneà laminating & layeringà printingà laminating & layering (as required)à cutting (as required)à folding (as required)à packing
Subsequent to the printing process, additional laminates and any other necessary layers are attached using adhesives between layers. Finally, the rolls are cut, folded (if necessary) and packaged.
Flexible Packaging - Raw Materials
The principal raw materials used in the production of flexible packaging are plastics (i.e.: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester), paper, aluminum film, dye, adhesives and dilutive agents. Plastic is the most significant raw material in the production of flexible packaging and polypropylene is the most common type of plastic used.
The principal film suppliers for Alusa in Argentina and Chile are Vitopel S.A., Terpahne Ltda y Sigdopack S.A. The main polyethylene resin supplier was Dow Química Chilena S.A. in Chile and PBB Polisur S.A. in Argentina in 2003. These four suppliers provided approximately 40% of the raw materials used by the Company in the year 2003. However, the Company can access other sources when price and delivery terms are more favorable.
The Company obtains most of its aluminum requirements from Aluar (Argentina) and Hydro Aluminum Deutschland GMBH (Germany). However, the Company can access other sources when price and delivery terms are more favorable.
Paper is purchased from suppliers in Chile, Brazil, the United States and Sweden. The Company purchases its various adhesives from Henkel Chile S.A. and Rhom & Hass Chile Ltda. In November 2003, Alusa's main ink supplier, BASF-Tintas Gráficas closed its operations in Chile, for which the Company negotiated with alternative suppliers, coming to an agreement with Sun Chemical S.A. for them to provide Madeco such raw material.
The existence and competitiveness of diverse suppliers both within the region and internationally provide Madeco with multiple alternatives in terms of attractive prices and payment conditions. Madeco believes that all contracts or other agreements between it and third-party suppliers with respect to the supply of raw materials for flexible packaging contain standard and customary terms and conditions. The Company does not believe that it is dependent on any one supplier for a significant portion of its important raw materials for its Flexible Packaging Production. During the past ten years, the Company has not experienced any material difficulties in obtaining adequate supplies of necessary raw materials at satisfactory prices nor does it expect to do so in the future.
Flexible Packaging - The Company's Sales and Distribution
In both Chile and Argentina, Madeco dedicates substantial efforts toward developing strong long-term relationships with each of its major customers. The Company recognizes the importance of packaging to the customer, both in terms of cost and as an important marketing tool. Moreover, strong client relationships foster the potential to jointly develop new packaging ideas.
In Chile, Alusa's sales force includes one commercial manager, one chief of operations, 6 administrative employees and 8 salesmen. Among the salesmen mentioned, 5 are responsible of local customers and the remaining 3 of exports. The sale of the Company's subsidiary Alufoil massive consumption products are done directly to supermarkets and to wholesale distributors, through the subsidiary's own commercial structure.
In Argentina the commercial department includes one commercial manager and 3 sales executives, each responsible for a portfolio of customers, additionally there are 4 sales operators.
Additionally, in both countries the Company has a team of technical advisors specialized in flexible packaging structure, which work closely with the Company's main customers in the development of new products and the innovation of existing products.
The Company has a representative office in Brazil, and agents in Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Costa Rica.
The Company's Flexible Packaging unit has approximately 270 active customers in Chile, which includes 113 mass consumer product manufacturers requiring flexible packaging products and 157 retail customers such as supermarkets and small mom and pop stores that purchase the Company's aluminum foil, plastic wrap and garbage bags for resale. The Company also has approximately 26 clients in Argentina as well as approximately 45 clients in export markets.The Company's largest customers in 2003 are in the food and hygiene industries. Among them, large multinationals, including Nestlé Chile S.A., Unilever Bestfoods de Chile S.A. and Danone Argentina S.A., and regional companies, including Empresas Carozzi S.A., Procter and Gamble S.A. and Grupo Córpora (Córpora Tresmontes S.A. and Córpora Aconcagua S.A.).The Company's largest customer accounted for 12.1% of the units' total consolidated revenues. Given the unique tendencies that occur in Chile and Argentina in terms of demand levels among the various client sectors served by the Company's Flexible Packaging business unit, information regarding sales by sector have been included on a country by country basis.
The following charts show Madeco's sales breakdown by client grouping for each country for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
The Company's Chilean(1) Customer Groupings | % 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues |
Concentrated & dehydrated products | 21% | 26% | 21% |
Condiments & fruit based products | 19% | 19% | 17% |
Candies and flour | 17% | 18% | 15% |
Personal & pharmaceutical products | 8% | 11% | 9% |
Lacteous | 11% | 10% | 12% |
Snacks | 5% | 4% | 10% |
Frozen products | 3% | 3% | 3% |
Meat products | 4% | 2% | 2% |
Cleaning products | 3% | 2% | 1% |
Others | 9% | 5% | 10% |
(1)Sales in Chile differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Reports on Form 20-F for the year 2001, because, before 2002, Chilean sales represented sales from the Company's two subsidiaries in the country (Alusa Chile and Alufoil). In the year 2002, since both companies supply different customer segments, it was determined that the Company's Chilean sales include sales carried out by the subsidiary Alusa Chile located in Quilicura, thus excluding sales from the subsidiary Alufoil. From Alufoil's total annual revenues, approximately 53% corresponds to industrial sales and the remaining 47% to sales to the so-called domestic segment (mainly supermarkets). Alufoil's sales represent about 5.9%.
The Company's Argentine Customer Groupings | % 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues |
Cookies, candies and snacks | 30% | 54% | 46% |
Pastas | 9% | 2% | 3% |
Condiments | 18% | 1% | 1% |
Cleaning products | 7% | 7% | 11% |
Pet food | 21% | 18% | 25% |
Others | 15% | 18% | 14% |
In general, all of the Company's Flexible Packaging unit's customers can buy on credit. While a very small portion of the customers make cash payments for their purchase orders, the majority of sales (over 99% in 2003) were made under credit conditions.
Within the Flexible Packaging unit, the average payment period remained stable at approximately 77 days. Uncollectible accounts as a percentage of total unit revenues amounted to 0.84% for the year 2002 and 0.86% for the year 2003.
Delivery time of packaging products which require new graphics can be up to 20 days; for those products with repeat graphics, delivery time is approximately 10 days. Subsequent to production completion, the Company hires third-party distribution companies to deliver finished goods to the customer's plant or warehouse. The mode of transportation for exported products depends on the destination country: while ground transportation is used for exports to Bolivia and Brazil, sea transportation is used for exports to all other countries.
Flexible Packaging - Market Demand and Industry Size Estimates
The principal users of the Company's flexible packaging products are multinational and domestic mass consumer product companies within the food, snacks and personal hygiene segments. The Company believes that demand for flexible packaging products depends largely on the level of supermarket sales, which has not been as negatively impacted by the economic slowdown over the past few years as other industries served by the Company's products.
There are no formal third-party estimates on industry sales volume and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its competitors, supermarket sales estimates, import reports of raw materials and the Company's own sales data. See "Presentation of Information".
Given the unique evolution of the flexible packaging industry within each country, information regarding the industry's evolution over the 2000-2003 period are included separately for Chile and Argentina.
Chilean Flexible Packaging Market. The following chart summarizes management's estimates for the Chilean flexible packaging industry and the supermarket sales index for the years 2001 to 2003:
Year | Industry Size(1) (in tons) |
2001 | 35,640 |
2002 | 36,050 |
2003 | 37,850 |
(1) The Chile Flexible Packaging market presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001 as a result of a change in the Company's methodology and larger third party information available.
Due to the depreciation of the local currency during the first months of 2003 reaching levels of Ch$750 per US$ dollar and the increase in the prices of raw materials caused by international conditions, the Company's margins were affected. Nevertheless, during the year local currency appreciated reaching an exchange rate of Ch$593.8 per US$ dollar at year-end.
In 2003, the Chilean economy grew at a rate of 3.3 %, showing signals of recovery only during the last quarter of the year.
Argentine Flexible Packaging Market. The following chart summarizes management's estimates for the Argentine flexible packaging industry and the supermarket sales index for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Year | Industry Size (in tons) | Supermarket Sales (in million of historical AR$) |
2001 | 60,300 | 13,507 |
2002 | N/A | 15,102 |
2003 | 48,580 | 16,553 |
In 2001, the industry decreased approximately 10%, mainly due to Argentina's economic turmoil in the second half of the year. Between the 4th quarter of 2001 and the 1st quarter of 2002, both supermarkets and mass consumer goods manufacturers reduced inventory levels to a minimum, almost paralyzing industrial and commercial activity. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Economic Overview".
During the first half of 2002, there was a further decrease in activity as a consequence of the post-devaluation shock, as the Company was forced to halt sales given the impossibility of determining sales prices. Later in 2002, the Company implemented substantial sales price adjustments (due to a new Argentine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate) and payment terms (due to continuing economic uncertainty). In the second half of 2002, demand showed slight signals of recovery; however, demand adjustment for short periods beginning in the first quarter of 2002 did not significantly vary.
During the first half of 2003, supermarket volume sales continued to decrease, and only towards year-end they started to show recovery signals, and therefore the Company increased significantly its volume sales with respect to the previous year (8.7%). This can be explained mainly due to the growth of customers from the growing sector of the economy, such as petfood companies.
Flexible Packaging - Market Share and Description of Competition
Madeco's primary competitive advantages are its market leadership and a recognized brand name. Moreover, given that the Company has two large flexible packaging plants, one in Chile and another in Argentina, it is considered to be one of the few companies capable of producing consolidated regional packaging requirements for large manufacturers.
Despite the existence of two distinct printing methods, the Company estimates market share based on the combined volume of both printing methods since the majority of packaging alternatives can be combined with either printing technique. There are no formal third-party estimates on market share and the Company bases its estimates on published information from its larger competitors, supermarket sales estimates, import reports of raw materials and the Company's own sales data. See "Presentation of Information".
Market Share and Competitors in the Chilean Flexible Packaging Market. The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of market share for the two most relevant participants in the flexible packaging market in Chile for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
Edelpa | 32% | 30% | 30% |
The Company | 26% | 26% | 26% |
Others | 42% | 44% | 44% |
There is one other significant participant in the flexible packaging market with rotogravure printing capabilities: Envases del Pacifico S.A. ("Edelpa") (Chile). The most significant competitor, Edelpa, which has two manufacturing facilities, one in Santiago and another in Viña del Mar.
The main companies within the Multilayer Flexible Packaging industry are Edelpa and Alusa, which in conjunction concentrate approximately 57% of total sales of such industry segment. Edelpa uses rotogravure and flexographic techniques. This company has shown constant growth rate during the past years mainly due to acquisitions (Italprint in 1997 and Prepac in 2000). Other important companies within this industry segment are: Carter-Holt Packaging, Mapoleno and HyC, the first using rotogravure technique and therefore compete with Alusa and Edelpa. The other two use the flexographic technique.
It is important to mention that Carter Holt Packaging changed ownership. International paper sold the company to Chilean investors, and therefore the Company expects an increase in the levels of competition within the market, even when such company concentrates its operation in thermostable packaging and not flexible packaging.
The customer concentration trend within the market has continued this due to the acquisition of Luccheti by Corpora Tres Montes.
Market Share and Competitors in the Argentine Flexible Packaging Market.The following table sets forth the Company's estimate of the Company's market share in the Argentine flexible packaging industry for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
The Company | 7% | 7% | 8% |
Others | 93% | 93% | 92% |
The flexible packaging industry in Argentina shows high levels of fragmentation. The four main companies concentrate 40% of market share. The low concentration level of the industry and the growth strategy followed by Aluflex, have allowed the Company to position itself as one of the four main competitors within the industry in Argentina with a market share of 8.0%.
In 2003 the main converter, Arcor which used to produce its own consumption needs opened to the flexible packaging industry as Converflex with an approximated market share of 13%.
The main competitors of Aluflex, other than Converflex are Dinan-Alvher, Fleximat and Zaniello. These companies concentrate their sales in high value added segments, and deliver their products to multinational clients. The remaining market share is distributed among more than 90 companies.
AluminumProfiles
Industrias de Aluminio S.A. (Indalum) was founded in 1954. Madeco began producing aluminum profiles in 1954 and in 1991, acquiring a 98.6% stake in Indalum. Today, the Company is the sole aluminum profiles manufacturer in Chile. The aluminum profiles manufactured by the Company are used as window and door frames as well as hardware fixtures in both the residential and commercial construction industry. In addition, the Company produces aluminum profiles used in the fabrication of durable goods such as refrigerators and ovens. The Company is vertically integrated in Chile and owns the largest aluminum profiles distributor, Alumco S.A. The Company also distributes aluminum profiles in Bolivia through its proprietary company Distribuidora Boliviana S.A.
In 1991, the Company commenced its curtain wall installation business, which involved the engineering and installation of large aluminum framed glass siding in commercial real estate projects. The Company was engaged in the curtain wall business in Chile as well as in Argentina and Uruguay through its subsidiary Ingewall S.A. ("Ingewall"). At year-end 2001, the Company had no operations in Argentina and was in the termination phase of a large curtain wall project in Uruguay. At the beginning of 2002, Madeco made a strategic decision to concentrate solely on the production of aluminum profiles and to exit the curtain wall business. Thus, during the first quarter of 2002, the Company sold its related operating assets in Chile, valued at approximately US$1.2 million, which primarily included product inventories, receivables, machinery and equipment and the Ingewall brand. This sale also included the transfer of payables and other liabilities, the net transaction price amounting to approximatel y US$0.6 million. The transaction did not have a significant effect on the Company's earnings in 2002 because a provision for the transaction was recorded in 2001. During the first quarter of 2003, the Company sold its Argentine subsidiary, which did not impact the earnings of the year 2003, as it was sold at book value. At the beginning of 2002, the Company decided to exit the curtain wall business segment. The operating figures reported during 2002 and 2003 reflect the termination phase of the Uruguayan Torre Antel project.
The following table includes the names of the Company's subsidiaries engaged in the Aluminum Profiles businesses:
Country | Entity Name | Division |
Chile | Indalum S.A. Alumco S.A. | Aluminum Profiles - production Aluminum Profiles - distribution |
Uruguay | Ingewall Uruguay S.A. | Curtain Walls |
Bolivia | Distribuidora Boliviana Indalum S.A. | Aluminum Profiles - distribution |
The following table shows the Company's annual net sales generated by the Aluminum unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Aluminum Unit - Revenues (in Ch$ million) and Volume Sales (in tons) | ||||
Year | Aluminum Unit Revenues (in Ch$ million) | % Consolidated Revenues | Total Volume (in tons) | % Consolidated Volume |
2001 | 29,844 | 8.7% | 10,258 | 7.5% |
2002 | 28,377 | 11.0% | 9,978 | 8.8% |
2003 | 29,226 | 12.3% | 10,211 | 9.3% |
Revenues increased by 3.0% from the previous year (totaling Ch$29,226 million in 2003). The higher sales reflects mainly the net effect of market share gains from the Chilean aluminum profiles business (3 percentage points).
The following table shows the Company's total revenues generated by the Aluminum unit for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, broken down by the division generating the sale:
Aluminum Unit - Revenues by Subsidiary (in Ch$ million) | ||||
Year | Indalum + Alumco | Ingewall | Inter-company | Aluminum Unit |
2001 | 24,953 | 4,894 | (3) | 29,844 |
2002 | 27,853 | 524 | 0 | 28,377 |
2003 | 28,825 | 400 | 1 | 29,226 |
Aluminum - Production
Indalum owns a modern aluminum profiles extrusion plant located in San Bernardo, in the outskirts of Santiago. Indalum is technologically advanced both in terms of manufacturing processes and product and system designs. At the beginning of October 2003, the Company certified under ISO 9001-2000.
Production of aluminum profiles begins with aluminum billets. The billets are heated and then extruded. The extrusion process entails using high pressure to force the heated aluminum through steel dies in order to form elongated profiles, in either standard or customized shapes. After extrusion, the profiles are cut according to specifications and then anodized, painted or left untreated.
Untreated profiles are most commonly used by durable goods manufacturers. The following diagram depicts the production process for untreated profiles:
billet
à prehetingà extrudingà cuttingà packing
Anodized profiles are used in the construction sector. Anodization is a chemical treatment and electrochemical coloration process which protects aluminum against corrosion. The following diagram depicts the production process for anodized profiles:
Billet
à preheatingà extrudingà cuttingà polishingà anodizingà stabilizingà packing
Painted profiles are also used in the construction sector. Painted profiles are offered in a wide variety of colors but are limited in their application to those uses where there is less exposure to corrosion elements.The following diagram depicts the production process for painted profiles:
Billet
à prehetingà extrudingà cuttingà removing grease and chromingà paitingà heatingà packing
Aluminum - Raw Materials
Aluminum is the principal raw material used in the production of aluminum profiles and represents more than 70% of the total raw material costs for profiles. The Company obtains most of its aluminum requirements from Aluminios Argentinos S.A.I.C. ("Aluar", of Argentina). In 2002, the Company reached an agreement with Aluar effective from January 1 to December 31, 2004 for the supply of aluminum. Pursuant to the agreement, Aluar agreed to reserve 10,680 tons of aluminum for the Company for the year 2003.
Other raw materials used for aluminum profiles production include paint and chemical products. For the procurement of chemical products required for anodization, the Company reaches annual purchase agreement terms with four suppliers, Chemal Katschmareck - GMBH (Germany), Quimica del Sur y Cia. Ltda. (Chile), Goldschmidt Quimica de Mexico (Mexico) and Brenntang Chile Comercial e Industrial.
The Company's paint suppliers are Dupont Powder Coating Andina S.A. (Colombia) and Pinturas Tricolor S.A. (Chile).
The Company believes that all contracts and other agreements between the Company and third-party suppliers with respect to the supply of raw materials for its profiles business contain standard, customary terms and conditions. During the past ten years, the Company has not experienced any substantial difficulties in obtaining adequate supplies of necessary raw materials at satisfactory prices nor does it expect to do so in the future.
Aluminum Profiles - Summary of Sales
The following table shows the Company's annual net sales from its aluminum profiles division for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Year | Aluminum Profiles (in Ch$ million)(1) | Aluminum Profiles (in tons) (1) | % Aluminum Profiles Unit Revenues |
2001 | 24,951 | 10,258 | 83.6% |
2002 | 27,853 | 9,978 | 98.2% |
2003 | 28,825 | 10,211 | 98.6% |
(1) Includes sales by the Company's proprietary distribution office in Bolivia (approximately 300 tons per month)
For the year 2002, the Company's net sales were 11.6% higher compared to net sales of 2001, due mainly to an increase in unit prices of value added solutions, which was partially offset by a 2.7% decrease in sales volume.
For the year 2003, the Company's net sales were 3.5% higher compared to 2002 mainly due to an increase of 2.3% of volume sales (primarily market share gains) and a moderate increase in unit selling prices.
Aluminum Profiles - Marketing, Sales and Distribution
The Company devotes substantial efforts toward developing strong long-term relationships with each of its major customers. Madeco has approximately 50 active aluminum profile customers, thirteen of which are its distributors, nine of which distribute exclusively the Company's aluminum profiles and together with the rest, conform its distribution network nationwide. One sales supervisor manages sales to and relations with the key distributors. In addition, the Company has a sales representative responsible for sales to durable good manufacturers as well as to large end-user clients such as window installation companies.
The largest distributor for aluminum profiles in Chile is Alumco, a subsidiary of the Company. At year-end 2002, Alumco closed two commercial points of sale, on in the city of La Serena and another in Santiago, thus concentrating its operations in one commercial office in Santiago. Alumco has 12 sales representatives that sell to an estimated 1,500 active clients. The primary independent distributors are Metralum Ltda, Arquetipo Ltda. and Dell'Orto S.A. The Company also sells profiles to six large accounts which participate in the curtain wall industry as well as in window installation.
The following chart shows the Company's sales breakdown by channel for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
The Company's Sales Channels | % 2001 Revenues | % 2002 Revenues | % 2003 Revenues |
Retail | 26% | 24% | 22% |
Independent distributors | 51% | 53% | 52% |
Construction companies and durable goods manufacturers | 16% | 19% | 22% |
Distribution offices in Bolivia | 7% | 4% | 4% |
In December 2000, the Company terminated the operations of its Peruvian distributor Systral Peru S.A. and exported to a Peruvian distributor until January 2002, because the Peruvian government established a 16% specific tax to aluminum profiles coming from Chile, in addition to the current 12% custom duties. The Company primarily focuses its sales efforts within the Chilean market, and does not expect sales of aluminum profiles through its proprietary Bolivian distributor to contribute a significant proportion of the Aluminum Profile division's total revenues in the future.
The Company's customers for aluminum profiles products make purchases in cash, which includes a sales discount, or under special credit conditions. Payment terms offered by the Company range between 60 to 90 days; the exact period depends on each actual client, its relationship with the Company and the client's credit history. The average payment period decreased from 64 days after invoicing in 2002 to 56 days in the year 2003 (these figures do not include the non operational as well as accounts receivables from related companies). The Company's uncollectible accounts as a percentage of net sales remained almost flat, from 2.6% in 2002 to 3.2% in the year 2003.
At the end of 1998, the Brazilian aluminum profiles manufacturer Alcoa installed a distribution office in Chile. Subsequent to its arrival, the Company lost a few distributors and a significant portion of its market share. In 2001, the Company revamped its marketing strategy and launched the marketing and sales concept "Indalum Building Systems" (IBS). The primary objective of IBS involves strengthening relationships with each of the Company's key customer groups - real estate developers, architects, construction companies, installers, distributors and durable goods manufacturers - by providing solutions and optimal service quality.
During 2003, commercial activities were focused on consolidating the work initiated four years earlier, which consisted of adding value to the relationship through the whole chain of participating market agents (real estate companies, building companies, architects, distributors, fabricators and installers of Indalum's systems).
The IBS concept continued to be enforced, achieving a major improvement in service and technical assistance to clients.
During 2003, the Company launched the Xelentia System, which had a significant impact due to its quality/price relation, in conjunction with its modern characteristics. This implied a great effort on behalf of the commercial area of the Company, which developed throughout the year, and across the country, technical lectures as well as on site training. The Xelentia system was oriented to the massive segment of clients and together with the Superba System, cover the medium - low to high value range of the market.
Aluminum Profiles - Market Demand and Industry Size Estimates
The main consumer of the Company's aluminum profile products is the construction sector. The level of construction activity in the Chilean market depends directly on GDP growth as well as interest rates. Given that the installation of window and door frames occurs toward the end of the construction process, there appears to always be a six to ten - month lag between an increase in construction activity and an increase in aluminum profile demand.
There are no formal third-party research estimates on industry sales volume, and the Company bases its estimates on import and export reports and the Company's own sales data. See "Presentation of Information". The following chart shows the Company's estimates for the Chilean aluminum profiles market industry and statistics for construction starts for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003:
Year | Industry Size (in tons) | Construction Starts Index (Dec 1996 = 100) |
2001 | 12,600 | 75.6(1) |
2002 | 13,000 | 63.1 |
2003 | 12,820 | 74.0 |
(1) The construction starts index presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001 as a result of a change in the Camara Chilena de la Construcción's formula and methodology.
In 2002, the industry size grew approximately 3%, due mainly to the combined effect of increased remodeling activity which was offset by a 16.5% decline in residential constructions starts.
The sales volumes of the Company are closely related to the behavior of the economy as a whole and with the residential sector in particular. In both cases, the growth rate was below expectations. With an increase in GDP of 3% and of 2.7% of the construction sector including infrastructure, and 0.2% for the residential sector.
The Chilean Construction Chamber, which is the principal private organization of the construction industry, showed un upward tendency in its monthly indicators. Nevertheless, the residential sector showed no sign of improvement, with a high stock of finished homes and apartments, although the interest rate has been at historical lows.
An explanation of the above can be found in the "political" international factors which played a key role in inhibiting private investors.
Aluminum Profiles - Market Share and Description of Competition
Being the sole local producer of aluminum profiles in Chile enables the Company to supply profile products more expediently than importers. The Company has also strengthened its relationship with distributors with the introduction of its consignment system. Moreover, the Company's new IBS commercial concept, as previously outlined, has focused on offering solutions and optimal service quality.
There are no formal third-party research estimates on market share, and the Company bases its estimates on import and export reports and the Company's own sales data. See "Presentation of Information". The following table sets forth the Company's estimate for market share of aluminum profiles products for the past three years:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
The Company | 74% | 73% | 76% |
Alcoa | 15% | 19% | 14% |
Other Imports | 11% | 8% | 10% |
The Company's principal competitor in the profiles business is the Brazilian aluminum profiles manufacturer Alcoa. Alcoa is a recognized brand in the market because its profiles have been used in the Chilean curtain wall industry for years. In 1999, Alcoa began aggressively competing against the Company in Chile. Other international aluminum profile manufacturers also compete in Chile from time to time through imported products to Chile at significantly discounted prices.
As a consequence of Alcoa's entrance in Chile, the Company lost four distributors and 23 market share points during 1999. The Company launched its new IBS commercial concept in 2000 and recovered 6 percentage points in 2000 and another 9 percentage points in 2001.
For the year 2003, local production for sale in Chile amounted to approximately 9,871 tons. Imported products, which includes Alcoa's sales, amounted to 3,020 tons, representing 24% of the market in 2003. For the years 2002 and 2001, imports totaled 27% (3,556 tons) and 26% (3,280 tons) of the industry, respectively.
In 2003, Indalum increased its market share from 73% to 76% due to the consolidation of the commercial strategy, the advantage of being a local extruder with international competitive prices.
Curtain Walls
At year-end 2001, the Company had no operations in Argentina and was in the termination phase of a large curtain wall project in Uruguay. At the beginning of 2002, Madeco made the strategic decision to concentrate solely on the production of aluminum profiles and to exit the curtain wall business. Thus, during the first quarter of 2002, the Company sold its operating assets in Chile, valued at approximately US$1.2 million, which primarily included product inventories, receivables, machinery and equipment and the Ingewall brand. This transaction did not have a significant effect on the Company's earnings in 2002 because a provision for the transaction was recorded in 2001. During the first quarter of 2003, the Company sold its Argentine subsidiary, which did not impact the earnings of the year 2003, as it was sold at book value.
Government Regulations
The Company is subject to the full range of government regulations and supervision generally applicable to companies engaged in business in Chile, including labor laws, social security laws, public health laws, consumer protection laws, environmental laws, securities laws and anti-trust laws. These include regulations to ensure sanitary and safe conditions in manufacturing plants.
There are currently no legal or administrative proceedings pending against the Company with respect to any regulatory matter, and the Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable statutory and administrative regulations with respect to its business.
Organizational Structure
The following diagram shows Madeco's shareholders as well as its principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003:
ADRS (3.49%) Quiñenco (55.22%) AFP (5.57%) Others (35.72%)
MADECO
Wire and Cable Brass Mills Flexible Packaging Aluminum Profiles
Madeco Chile (100.00%) Alusa (75.96%) Indalum (99.16%)
Decker-Indelqui (100.00%) Aluflex (75.96%)
Ficap (100.00%) Armat (100.00%)
Indeco (92.74%)
(1)Madeco S.A. is controlled by the open stock corporation Quiñenco S.A (NYSE:LQ)., which is indirectly controlled by members of theLuksic family. Quiñenco S.A. directly owns 48.2457% (1,987,764,617 shares) of the Common Stock of Madeco S.A., and indirectly owns 6.9746% (287,359,836 shares) through Inversiones Rio Grande. In total, Quiñenco directly and indirectly owns 55.2203% (2,275,124,453 shares) of Madeco's Common Stock. Additionally, shares of Madeco's Common Stock are held by two related entities: 18,286 shares (0.0004%) are owned by Inversiones Consolidadas Ltda., which is related to Andronico Luksic Craig and his family, and 5,398 shares (0.0001%) are owned by Inversiones Carahue S.A, which is related to Paola Luksic Fontbona. Shares of Madeco's Common Stock are also held by individuals who are members of the Luksic family: 3,010 shares (0.00007%) are owned by Andronico Luksic Abaroa and 110 shares (0.000003%) are owned by Nic olas Luksic Puga. The total ownership, combining Quiñenco's direct and indirect holdings as well as the holdings of related entities and Luksic family members, is 55,2209% (2,275,151,257 shares).
Madeco's majority shareholder is Quiñenco S.A., which, through its direct and indirect interests in the Company, beneficially owns an aggregate of 55.2203% of the outstanding shares (2,275,124,453 shares) of Common Stock.
Quiñenco S.A. is a Chilean holding company engaged in multiple businesses in Chile, Brazil, Argentina and Peru. Through its operating subsidiaries, Quiñenco is involved in the following industries: manufacturing, banking services, telecom, beverages, pasta, hotels and real estate development.
The following table lists all of the Company's subsidiaries and affiliates as of December 31, 2003:
Business Unit | Name | Country of residence | Proportion of ownership interest | Proportion of voting power held |
Wire and Cable | Soinmad S.A. | Chile | 99.99% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Cotelsa S.A. | Chile | 99.99% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Inmobiliaria e Industrial Cotelsa S.A. | Chile | 99.99% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Colada Continua Chilena S.A. | Chile | 41.00% | 41.00% |
Wire and Cable | Ficap S.A. | Brazil | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Optel Ltda. | Brazil | 50.00% | 50.00% |
Wire and Cable | Madeco Brasil Ltda. | Brazil | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Indeco S.A. | Peru | 92.74% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Cobrecon S.A. | Peru | 30.91% | 33.33% |
Wire and Cable | Metalurgica e Industrial S.A. | Argentina | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Metacab S.A. | Argentina | 99.34% | 99.34% |
Wire and Cable | H.B. San Luis S.A. | Argentina | 99.34% | 99.34% |
Wire and Cable | Comercial Madeco S.A. | Argentina | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Optel Argentina S.A. | Argentina | 49.99% | 49.99% |
Wire and Cable | Madeco Overseas S.A. | Cayman Islands | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Metal Overseas S.A. | Cayman Islands | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable | Madeco S.A. Agencia Islas Caiman | Cayman Islands | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Brass Mills | Armat S.A. | Chile | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Wire and Cable / Brass Mills | Decker Indelqui S.A. | Argentina | 99.34% | 99.34% |
Flexible Packaging | Alusa S.A. | Chile | 75.96% | 75.96% |
Flexible Packaging | Alufoil S.A. | Chile | 75.94% | 75.94% |
Flexible Packaging | Inversiones Alusa S.A. | Chile | 69.27% | 69.27% |
Flexible Packaging | Peru Plast S.A. | Peru | 18.99% | 18.99% |
Flexible Packaging | Tech Pack S.A. | Peru | 19.45% | 19.45% |
Flexible Packaging | Aluflex S.A. | Argentina | 75.96% | 75.96% |
Flexible Packaging | Alusa Overseas | Cayman Islands | 75.96% | 75.96% |
Aluminum Profiles | Indalum S.A. | Chile | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Alumco S.A. | Chile | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Inversiones Alumco S.A. | Chile | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Ingewall S.A.(1) | Chile | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Systral Peru S.A.(2) | Peru | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Ingewall Argentina S.A.(1) | Argentina | 99.16% | 99.16% |
Aluminum Profiles | Distribuidora Boliviana Indalum S.A. | Bolivia | 93.43% | 93.43% |
Aluminum Profiles | Ingewall Uruguay S.A.(1) | Uruguay | 99.16% | 99.16% |
(1)At the beginning of the year 2002, as a consequence of the strategic decision to focus solely on the fabrication of aluminum profiles, the Company exited the complementary curtain wall business segment.
(2) In December 2000, the Company terminated the operations of Systral Peru S.A., its proprietary aluminum distributor in Peru.
Property, Plant and Equipment
The map of South America below depicts the Company's plants by location and type of product manufactured:
The following chart depicts the location of each of the Company's production facilities within each business unit:
Country | Metallic Cables | Optical Fiber Cables | Brass Mills | Flexible Packaging | Aluminum |
Chile | X | --- | X | X | X |
Argentina | X | X | X | X | --- |
Brazil | X | X | --- | --- | --- |
Peru | X | --- | --- | --- | --- |
The Company's headquarters are located in Santiago, Chile at Ureta Cox 930. The corporate office building contains approximately 3,524 square meters of office space. The Company owns plants, warehouses and office space in Chile, Argentina, Brazil and Peru, occupying approximately 423,219 square meters. Total production capacity for its Wire and Cable division, Optical Fiber division, Brass Mills unit, Flexible Packaging unit and Aluminum Profiles unit, including the production capacity of idle plants, amounts to 106,890 tons, 1,420,000 km., 144,713 tons, 19,500 tons and 16,800 tons, respectively.
The following table sets forth information concerning the production facilities of the Company as of December 31, 2003. All listed facilities are owned or leased and operated by the Company:
Production Facility | Principal Use/Products | Size of Building | Installed Production Capacity | 2003 Average Capacity Utilization(1) |
Wire and Cable(2) | ||||
San Miguel, Santiago, Chile | Copper cable | 27,650 | 15,100 | 48% |
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Copper cable | 58,000 | 20,760 | 20% |
Sao Paulo, Brazil | Copper cable | 28,300 | 29,100 | 75% |
Bahia, Brazil (3) | Aluminum cable | 19,000 | 12,360 | 20% |
Lima, Peru | Copper / aluminum cable | 49,150 | 12,000 | 75% |
Lima, Peru(4) | Copper sulfates | 770 | 3,120 | 20% |
Llavallol, B.A., Argentina(5) | Copper rod | 18,162 | 10,800 | 0% |
Quilmes, B.A., Argentina(5) | Copper / aluminum cable | 39,850 | 6,890 | 0% |
Brass Mills | ||||
San Miguel, Santiago, Chile | Pipes, bars and sheets | 32,400 | 38,530 | 75% |
Lo Espejo, Santiago, Chile | Foundry | 21,500 | 78,200 | 64% |
Quilpue, Chile | Coin blanks and sheets | 12,100 | 9,000 | 40% |
Llavallol, B.A., Argentina(5) | Foundry, copper sheets | 31,887 | 6,883 | 2% |
Barracas, B.A., Argentina(5) | Copper pipes | 15,800 | 8,400 | 5% |
San Luis, Argentina(5) | Foundry, brass products | 3,450 | 3,300 | 0% |
Flexible Packaging | ||||
Santiago, Chile (2 plants) | Flexible packaging | 16,600 | 13,600 | 83% |
San Luis, Argentina | Flexible packaging | 7,500 | 5,900 | 67% |
Aluminum Profiles | ||||
Santiago, Chile | Aluminum profiles | 33,200 | 16,800 | 64% |
(1) Average Capacity Utilization represents total real production output as a percentage of installed annual production capacity.
(2) The optical fiber operations in Buenos Aires has 420,000 kms of production capacity and in Rio de Janeiro 1,000,000 kms of production capacity. At year-end 2003 the arbitration suit was resolved against Madeco and, as a result among others i) Madeco lost certain rights regarding the appointment of Optel's management (consequently, the subsidiary was not consolidated into the December 31, 2003 financial statements) and ii) lost its right to exercise a put option to sell its Optel shares to Corning for US$18 million between January 2004 and December 2005. In addition, the decision obliges the Company to agree to the liquidation of Optel on Corning's demand. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - Optical Fiber" and "Item 8. Financial Information - Legal Proceedings".
(3) In September 2003, the aluminum cable production of Ficap transferred its operations from the Aratu plant in Salvador de Bahía to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
(4) In 2001, the Company acquired in Peru a small copper and zinc sulfates plant, with the objective of transforming its copper scrap to sulfate for sale to its principal mining clients; the production capacity of this plant is excluded from the total for the Wire and Cable unit.
(5) As a consequence of Argentina's economic crisis, the Company closed in 2002 the production facilities of its Argentine Wire and Cable and Brass Mills operations. The Company partially opened the Barracas and Llavallol plants in September and November, respectively.
Mortgages and other security interests granted by the Company and outstanding at December 31, 2003 are summarized as follows:
Nature of security interest | Assets pledged | Amount of guarantee | Book value |
(in ThCh$) | (in ThCh$) | ||
Mortgages | Land and buildings | 234,735 | 671,208 |
Pledges | Machinery | 1,272,279 | 1,413,262 |
The Company's operations are subject to both national and local regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The fundamental environmental law in Chile is the Health Code, which establishes minimum health standards and provides for regulation of air and water quality and sanitary landfills.
The Ministry of Health issued regulations in 1982 applicable to the control of pollution in the Santiago Metropolitan Region which provide that, in cases of emergency due to high levels of air pollution, theServicio Nacional de Salud (National Health Service, "SNS") has the authority to order the temporary reduction of the activities of companies in the region that produce particles and gas emissions. In emergency situations, the SNS can order the reduction or even the suspension of activities of those companies classified as producing the highest level of particles and gas emissions. Since the promulgation of the regulations, the Company has been ordered to reduce its activities once, in 1989.
The regulation of matters relating to the protection of the environment is not as well developed in Chile, Argentina, Brazil and Peru as in the United States and certain other countries. Accordingly, the Company anticipates that additional laws and regulations will be enacted over time with respect to environmental matters. While the Company believes that it will continue to be in compliance with all applicable environmental regulations of which it is now aware, there can be no assurance that future legislative or regulatory developments will not impose restrictions on the Company that would be material or that would have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.
Madeco does not have any plans to expand the capacity of its plants.
Introduction
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto included in "Item 18. Financial Statements". For clarity of presentation, certain amounts represented in U.S. dollars and Chilean pesos, as well as percentages, have been rounded. As a result, certain totals may not directly reflect the sum of their components.
As discussed below, the Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Chilean GAAP, which differs in certain important respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 35 to the Consolidated Financial Statements provides a description of the principal differences between Chilean GAAP and U.S. GAAP as they relate to the Company's results, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of shareholders' equity and net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003. In compliance with Chilean GAAP, financial data included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements have been restated in constant Chilean pesos of December 31, 2003. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company's principal operating segment and its largest business unit is its Wire and Cable business, with production facilities in Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina. Madeco is a leading Latin American manufacturer of wire and cable products; designed to meet client needs in the telecom, energy, mining, construction and industrial sectors. The Company's second operating segment is its Brass Mills unit, which manufactures pipes, bars and sheets from copper, brass, aluminum and related alloys. Additionally, the Brass Mills unit manufactures coin blanks and minted coins from alloys comprising copper, nickel, aluminum and zinc. While the Company's brass mills facilities are located in Chile and Argentina, a significant portion of the Brass Mills unit's revenues are generated from export sales. The Company's third operating segment, Flexible Packaging, manufactures printed flexible packaging for use in the packaging of mass consumer products. The Company has flexible packaging facilities in Chile and A rgentina, as well as an equity investment in Peru. Finally, the Company is a leading Chilean manufacturer of aluminum profiles used for window frames, door frames, and hardware fixtures, in both the residential and commercial construction sectors, and customized profiles for use in the fabrication of industrial durable goods. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - Business Overview".
The Company's lines of business and results of operations are, to a large extent, dependent on the overall level of economic activity and growth in Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina. The Company depends specifically on sectors which buy products from its Wire and Cable, Brass Mills, Flexible Packaging and Aluminum Profiles businesses, as well as on levels of economic activity in the Company's principal export markets.
Economic Overview
Economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries, especially those in Latin America, influence companies with significant operations in Chile and the other countries where the Company has facilities.
While the Chilean economy experienced an average 7.7% GDP growth rate between 1990 and 1997, the country has experienced economic stagnation since 1998, including negative GDP growth (-0.8%) in the year 1999. The Chilean economy experienced moderate growth of 3.3% in 2003. It is beginning to feel the rebound of the global economy and growth estimates for 2004 are between 4.5% and 5.5%. Higher demand from China and other world regions has boosted the copper price to its highest level since 1995 and other export growth has been robust. On the domestic side of the economy, consumer demand recovered, growing by 3.7% in 2003 and interest rates are at historically low levels. In spite of the favorable economic scenario, growth rates are still well below the 7.7% average the country experienced between 1990 and 1997. The Company's Chilean operations experienced moderate growth in line with the country's GDP increase.
With the exception of moderate 4.5% GDP growth in 2000, Brazil's economic growth has been low since the mid 1990s. In 2003, Brazil suffered an economic contraction of 0.2%. Consumption and investment remain depressed and only exports are providing a buffer from more pronounced contractions in economic activity. Significant reductions in interest rates have been established by monetary authorities and should help stimulate demand and investment in 2004, but inflation remains a problem as does the likely increase in U.S. interest rates, which would affect debt service. Regarding the optical fiber business in Brazil, the Company received an adverse ruling related to the arbitration claim that Madeco had against Corning. This caused among others, Madeco to lose certain rights over the appointment of Optel's management, and therefore the Company cannot guarantee the continuance of operations in the future. In addition, the decision obliges the Company to agree to the liquidation of Optel on Corning's deman d.
The Peruvian economy was also relatively stagnant over the 1998-2001 period. In 2002 and 2003, GDP growth in Peru amounted to 4.9% and 4.0%, respectively. Management expects the Peruvian economy to continue to grow in 2004. While past drivers such as new mining operations and favorable climatic conditions are unlikely to be repeated, management expects that further advancement on the Camisea mining project should drive investment and the more favorable development of the global economy will provide upside potential for the country's external sector and commodity prices.
In recent years, Argentina has suffered from a prolonged economic recession which culminated in an economic crisis in the fourth quarter of 2001, driven by both economic and political instability. As a result of measures adopted by the Argentine government, the economy collapsed in 2002 but started to recover, growing 8.7% in 2003. Nevertheless, further recovery in Argentina will depend on deep structural reforms in many areas, including the relationship between the federal government and the provinces, regulation in many markets as well as the resumption of external debt service. The economic deterioration in Argentina had materially adversely affected the Company. At year-end 2001, as a consequence of Argentina's economic environment and political instability, the Company suspended its Argentine Wire and Cable and Brass Mills production operations. In the second half of 2003, the Company reopened its pipes and foundry productions. The Company expects to reopen the remaining Argentine facilities if levels of demand have the scale to operate efficiently and if the Company believes such levels are sustainable. In addition, due to the Company's decision to boost the sales of the cable and wire business unit in Argentina after the closure of the plants at the end of 2001, a sales group was created including a sales chief and three salesmen.
While cyclical downturns in the Chilean or regional economy have an adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations, reduced domestic and regional sales can be partially offset by increases in exports outside the region, particularly with respect to the Company's brass mills products, which meet international standard specifications and can be produced and sold competitively in international markets. The Company expects that the free trade agreement signed between Chile and Korea and Chile and the European Union in 2002 and between Chile and United States on June 6, 2003, will allow the Company to export its products more readily. There can be no assurance, however, that profits on any export sales would fully offset lost profits resulting from reductions in domestic or regional sales. Export sales for each business unit consist of all sales made to customers in countries other than those countries where the Company maintains operations for that respective business unit. In 2003, 22 .1% of the Company's consolidated net sales was attributable to exports.
The Company's Compliance with Financial Covenants and its Refinancing Plan
In January 2002, the Company began implementing a financial restructuring plan which included a capital increase and the payment, refinancing and capitalization of certain of the Company's outstanding indebtedness.
Based on the Company's results for the period ended December 31, 2001, the Company was in default for non-compliance with several of the financial covenants of its Series B bonds. On April 9, 2002, an agreement was reached with holders of the Company's Series B bonds to amend the indenture under which such bonds were issued. This amendment required that the Company complete a capital increase of at least US$60 million by September 30, 2002, and the inclusion prior to October 9, 2002 of certain of the new Series B bond covenants in the terms of the Company's Series A bonds and Series C bonds.
On July 10, 2002, at an Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting, the Company's shareholders approved the Board of Directors' proposal for a capital increase of approximately US$90 million. The amount approved was divided into 1,800 million shares at Ch$35 each with a minimum capital subscription of Ch$47,000 million as well as the successful renegotiation of the Company's bank facilities under terms more favorable to the Company and compatible with its estimated cash generation capacity.
On October 15, 2002, the Company announced that the minimum conditions established for the capital increase had not been met. Therefore, all share subscriptions made under the mandate were returned to the respective subscribers. Those shares subscribed and paid outside the mandate, however, were issued to subscribers.
On October 28, 2002, the Company held a meeting with the Series A, B and C bondholders and obtained the necessary waivers of covenants and extensions of time for the successful completion of another capital increase. These waivers were evidenced by amendments to the indentures under which the Series A, B and C bonds were issued. Also, as part of those agreements, the Company provided bondholders with an additional covenant that if Quiñenco, does not maintain at least 35% of Madeco's voting interest and directly and indirectly at least 40% of Madeco's voting interest, any outstanding Series A, B and C bonds will become immediately due and payable.
On November 14, 2002, a new Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting was held in which the Company's shareholders approved a capital increase of approximately US$143 million.
On December 18, 2002, the Company reached an agreement with respect to an Amending and Local Loan Rescheduling Contract among the Company and twelve local bank lenders, and with respect to two Private Contracts of Foreign Loan Rescheduling, each between the Company and a foreign bank lender. Together, the terms of the three rescheduling agreements provided for US$120 million in debt restructuring over seven years (including a grace period of three years) conditioned upon, among other requirements, the proceeds of the capital increase approved at the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting held in November 2002 not being less than Ch$49,400 million and the use of a portion of such proceeds to make a repayment of 30% of the aggregate loan balance under such facilities upon the Company's receipt of such funds.
During the preemptive rights offering period, shareholders of the Company subscribed and paid Ch$1,914 million as part of the capital increase. On March 4, 2003, the Company's largest shareholder, Quiñenco S.A., and its subsidiary, Inversiones Río Grande S.A., subscribed and paid Ch$49,400 million. On that same date, the Company used a portion of such proceeds to pay the aforementioned 14 bank lenders a total of US$38.3 million in compliance with the rescheduling agreements.
Upon completion of the capital increase, the Company initiated the bond capitalization process, the total bonds redeemed by the Company amounted to Ch$7,434 million and additionally, the number of shares subscribed and paid in the bond capitalization process totaled 154,876,051 (Ch$3,717 million).
On April 9, 2003, the Company made a second payment of US$9.9 million, equivalent to an additional 10.3% of the outstanding bank debt.
On June 10, 2003, Madeco sold 264.8 million shares that had remained unsubscribed and unpaid after completion of Madeco's capital increase in March (at approximately Ch$29 per share), resulting in proceeds to Madeco of approximately Ch$7,679 million (equal to approximately US$10.7 million at the Ch$717.4 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for June 10, 2003). On August 1, 2003 the Company paid the last installment of principal and interest on its Series B bonds for a total amount of UF50,201.68 (equivalent to Ch$850 million), and the Company extinguished its Series B bonds. In addition, on August 20, 2003, it sold in a public auction on the Santiago Stock Exchange 1,157 million shares that had remained unsubscribed and unpaid after completion of Madeco's capital increase in March (at approximately Ch$28 per share), resulting in proceeds to Madeco of approximately Ch$32,403 million (equal to approximately US$46.1 million at the Ch$702.68 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for August 20, 2003).
At December 31, 2003, the Company's subsidiary Alusa had a five year Syndicated Loan agreement with Banco de Chile and Banco del Estado for a total amount of UF300,000 (equal to US$8.5 million at the Ch$593.8 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for December 31, 2003), under which payments are bi-annual. The principal covenants related to the credit are a maximum leverage of 0.75 times equity and a minimum equity of ThUF1,765 (equal to US$50.3 million at the Ch$593.8 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for December 31, 2003). At December 31, 2003, the Company complied with all these covenants.
On December 29, 2003, the Company's subsidiary of its Aluminum Profiles unit signed a syndicated loan agreement with the following banks: Banco de Chile, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, Banco del Estado and Banco Security, for a total amount of Ch$8,200 million. The rescheduled loan has a maturity of 5 years with bi-annual amortization and interest payments. The main provisions of the loan are: a) a prohibition on guarantees; b) a maximum consolidated leverage of 1.2 times equity; c) the restrictions on dividends payment to a maximum of 30% of annual net income; and d) a minimum capital equivalent of ThUF1,630.
On May 1, 2004, the Company paid at maturity the total outstanding principal and interest of its Series C bonds for a total amount of UF1,419,045 (equivalent to Ch$23,946 million as of May 1, 2004) and the Company extinguished its Series C bonds.
Currently, the Company is in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants required by banks and bondholders.
For additional information regarding the Company's outstanding indebtedness, its compliance with covenants, recent share sales and other matters relating to the Company's indebtedness and refinancing plan, see " - Liquidity and Capital Resources" and "Business - Recent Developments - Capital Increase and Debt Restructuring".
Changes in the Company's Risk Classification
Madeco was notified on July 1, 2002 that theComisión Clasificadora de Riesgo(the "Risk Classification Commission"), which regulates the investment activities of pension funds in Chile, had ruled that as a result of the deterioration of Madeco's financial situation, Chilean pension funds would be further limited in the amount of debt securities or common shares of Madeco that they can hold.
Rating agencies evaluate Madeco's common shares and its debt. From 2001 to 2003, Fitch Chile Clasificadora de Riesgo Ltda. ("Fitch Chile") and Feller Rate Clasificadora de Riesgo Limitada ("Feller") have published ratings relating to the financial standing of certain of Madeco's debt instruments and shares.
Since November 2003, Fitch Chile has classified the Company's debt as BB+ and its shares as First Class Level 4. Since April 2004, Feller has classified the Company's debt as BB+ and its shares as Second Class.
Fluctuations in LME Metal Prices and Exchange Rates between Currencies
The Company's revenues fluctuate as a result of the appreciation or depreciation of the Chilean peso versus the U.S. dollar since substantially all of the Company's sales whether for local or export markets are linked to the world market price of copper, which is denominated in U.S. dollars and has historically fluctuated widely. In addition, the Company's export sales are generally invoiced in U.S. dollars. In order to reduce the effects of fluctuations in the price of copper and aluminum on its results of operations, the Company's pricing policy is to sell its copper and aluminum products based on the quantity of metal contained in the product valued at the prices of the London Metal Exchange. The Company generally has been able to increase its selling prices in response to increases in costs of copper and/or aluminum. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company will be able to recover increases in the cost of copper and/or aluminum in the future. Fluctuations in the market price of alumin um are of greater importance to the Company since its acquisition of Ficap in 1997. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors".
The Company's Summary of Operations
The following table provides certain information relating to the Company's results in millions of Chilean pesos and as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
(in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||
Net Sales | 344,856 | 100.0% | 258,845 | 100.0% | 237,666 | 100.0% | ||
Cost of Goods Sold | (298,076) | -86.4% | (226,833) | -87.6% | (208,437) | -87.7% | ||
Gross Income | 46,780 | 13.6% | 32,012 | 12.4% | 29,229 | 12.3% | ||
SG&A Expenses | (35,698) | -10.4% | (27,969) | -10.8% | (21,772) | -9.2% | ||
Operating Income | 11,082 | 3.2% | 4,043 | 1.6% | 7,457 | 3.1% | ||
Non-Operating Income | 6,132 | 1.8% | 2,296 | 0.9% | 1,882 | 0.8% | ||
Non-Operating Expenses | (56,453) | -16.4% | (41,820) | -16.2% | (25,698) | 10.8% | ||
Price-Level Restatement | (13,730) | -4.0% | (8,527) | -3.3% | 1,740 | 0.7% | ||
Net Non-Operating Results | (64,051) | -18.6% | (48,051) | -18.6% | (22,076) | -9.3% | ||
Income Taxes | (435) | -0.1% | 1,416 | 0.5% | (1,592) | -0.7% | ||
Minority Interest | 1,335 | 0.4% | 2,018 | 0.8% | (578) | -0.2% | ||
Amortization of Negative Goodwill | 21 | 0.0% | 5 | 0.0% | 56 | 0.0% | ||
Net Loss | (52,050) | -15.1% | (40,568) | -15.7% | (16,734) | -7.0% |
The following tables set forth, for each of the periods indicated, the volume sales, net sales revenues and operating income of each of the Company's business units, as well as the percentage of the Company's total consolidated volume sales, net sales revenues and operating income, respectively:
Volume Sales | ||||||||
(in tons, except percentages) | ||||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||
Wire and Cable(1) | 88,471 | 59.1% | 61,903 | 53.8% | 53,923 | 49.3% | ||
Brass Mills | 36,833 | 24.6% | 29,353 | 25.5% | 30,360 | 27.8% | ||
Flexible Packaging | 14,013 | 9.4% | 13,912 | 12.1% | 14,821 | 13.6% | ||
Aluminum Profiles | 10,258 | 6.9% | 9,978 | 8.6% | 10,211 | 9.3% | ||
Total | 149,575 | 100.0% | 115,146 | 100.0% | 109,315 | 100.0% |
(1) Volume sales for the Wire and Cable unit include only metal. Figures presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in measuring volume sales. While volume sale calculations previously included metal and insulating materials, the Company is now including only metal used in the production of its wire and cable products.
Total volume sales presented in tons include the conversion of optical fiber volume sales using the conversion rate of 1 ton = 44 kms. As a consequence of the termination of the Joint Venture Agreement, Optel has not been consolidated at December 31, 2003, being treated instead as an affiliate.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
(in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||
Net Sales | ||||||||
Wire and Cable | 198,500 | 57.6% | 132,402 | 51.2% | 110,526 | 46.5% | ||
Brass Mills | 72,541 | 21.0% | 57,127 | 22.1% | 56,177 | 23.6% | ||
Flexible Packaging | 43,971 | 12.78% | 40,939 | 15.7% | 41,737 | 17.6% | ||
Aluminum Profiles | 29,844 | 8.7% | 28,377 | 11.0% | 29,226 | 12.3% | ||
Total | 344,856 | 100.0% | 258,845 | 100.0% | 237,666 | 100.0% | ||
Operating Income (Loss) | ||||||||
Wire and Cable | 9,934 | 89.6% | (2,959) | -73.2% | (1,021) | -13.7% | ||
Brass Mills | 667 | 6.0% | 1,074 | 26.6% | 1,448 | 19.4% | ||
Flexible Packaging | (26) | -0.2% | 2,273 | 56.2% | 3,257 | 43.7% | ||
Aluminum Profiles | 507 | 4.6% | 3,655 | 90.4% | 3,773 | 50.6% | ||
Total | 11,082 | 100.0% | 4,043 | 100.0% | 7,457 | 100.0% |
2003 versus 2002
Consolidated revenues for the year 2003 decreased 8.2% compared to the previous year, meaning a reduction of Ch$21,179 million, this is primarily explained by lower sales of the Wire and Cable business unit which decreased Ch$21,876 million (-16.5%) compared to the previous year. The reduction in sales within the Wire and Cable business can be partially explained by the non-consolidation of Optel operations during 2003 as a consequence of the adverse ruling in the case that the Company had against Corning (in 2002 Optel represented Ch$2,202 million in revenues). The decrease in net sales principally reflects an overall decrease of 12.9% in the consolidated volume sales of the Wire and Cable unit, due mainly to a decrease of 28.9% in net sales in Brazil as a result of lower sales of bare aluminum cables to electric industry clients. Additionally, lower consolidated revenues are explained by the impact of the appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar during the fiscal year on the sales of foreign subsidiaries. These effects were partially offset by a 12.3% increase in the average dollar price of the Cables Unit, which in turn were a reflection of the increase in copper price that occurred in 2003 compared to 2002.
The Company's gross income fell by Ch$2,783 million or 8.7% in 2003 with respect to the previous year. This reduction can be explained principally by: lower volume sales in the Cables Unit and difficulties in passing through the increase in the cost of copper to customers. In addition, gross income was reduced due to the negative impact of the appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar on both the results of the foreign subsidiaries of the Wire and Cable Unit and on the Chilean exports of the Brass Mills Unit. This effect was partially offset by increases in productivity in the Flexible Packaging and Aluminum Profiles Units and by the exclusion of Optel in 2003, which incurred a gross loss of Ch$301 million in the previous year.
The Company's operating income for the year 2003 was Ch$7,457 million, an 84.4% increase compared to the previous year (Ch$3,414 million). The improvement of the Company's operating income was the result of the efforts to reduce SG&A expenses (which declined 22.2% year over year) and the exclusion of Optel results (last year operating loss from Optel amounted to Ch$1,332 million). The increase in operating income was partially offset by the negative effect of the exchange rate on translating the results of the foreign subsidiaries into pesos.
The Company's Non-Operating Results
The Company's non-operating results include non-operating income such as interest income, gains on the sale of investments and fixed assets and equity in earnings of related companies. Non-operating expenses include interest expense, amortization of goodwill, adjustments to realizable value of inventories and assets held for sale, provisions for obsolescence, legal contingencies, uncollectible accounts and severance payments and other non-operating charges.
The Company's non-operating results also include price-level restatement, which is the credit (charge) to non-operating income representing (i) the restatement of non-monetary assets, non-monetary liabilities, shareholders' equity, and income and expenses in terms of year-end constant Chilean pesos and (ii) the monetary gain (loss) in purchasing power from holding monetary assets and liabilities exposed to the effects of inflation. The Company's price-level restatement may be significantly affected by the restatement of the value of copper and aluminum inventories to the lower of restated cost or net realizable value as well as the amount of liabilities held in currencies other than Chilean pesos. See " - Results of Operations", " - Impact of Inflation and Price-Level Restatement". The Company's price-level restatement and translation losses amounted to Ch$1,740 million gain in 2003 and a Ch$8,527 million loss in 2002.
The Company's non-operating expenses amounted to Ch$25,698 million in 2003 and Ch$41,820 million in 2002. Excluding the expenses related to interest payments, amortization of goodwill and equity in losses of related companies, Madeco's non-operating expenses and provisions amounted to Ch$11,323 million versus Ch$20,211 million. The most significant charges in 2003 related to provision for subsidiary investment and expenses (Ch$4,917 million), depreciation of assets held for sale in Argentina (Ch$1,984 million) and obsolescence of other long-term assets (Ch$1,681 million). For further detail regarding the Company's non-operating results, see Note 24 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Analysis of Operating Segment Performance 2003 versus 2002
The Company's operating results for each business unit are described in further detail below:
Wire and Cable
Year 2003 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Inter-company | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | 41,393 | 54,039 | 32,940 | 2,182 | 0 | (20,028) | 110,526 |
COGS | (39,683) | (50,044) | (29,653) | (1,888) | 0 | 19,642 | (101,626) |
Gross Income | 1,710 | 3,995 | 3,287 | 294 | 0 | (386) | 8,900 |
Gross Margin | 4.1% | 7.4% | 10.0% | 13.5% | 0 | 1.9% | 8.1% |
SG&A | (2,057) | (4,287) | (1,951) | (367) | 0 | (1,259) | (9,921) |
Operating Income | (347) | (292) | 1,336 | (73) | 0 | (1,645) | (1,021) |
Operating Margin | -0.8% | -0.5% | 4.1% | -3.3% | 0 | 8.2% | -0.9% |
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Inter-company | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | 40,242 | 70,164 | 32,701 | 1,187 | 2,202 | (14,094) | 132,402 |
COGS | (38,222) | (64,799) | (28,170) | (1,166) | (2,503) | 13,647 | (121,213) |
Gross Income | 2,020 | 5,365 | 4,531 | 21 | (301) | (447) | 11,189 |
Gross Margin | 5.0% | 7.6% | 13.9% | 1.8% | -13.7% | 3.2% | 8.5% |
SG&A | (2,853) | (5,486) | (2,291) | (654) | (1,031) | (1,833) | (14,148) |
Operating Income | (833) | (121) | 2,240 | (633) | (1,332) | (2,280) | (2,959) |
Operating Margin | -2.1% | -0.2% | 6.8% | -53.3% | -60.5% | 16.2% | -2.2% |
2003 versus 2002 % change | ||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | 2.9% | -22.9% | 0.7% | 83.8% | -100.0% | -16.5% |
COGS | 3.8% | -22.7% | 5.3% | 61.9% | -100.0% | -16.2% |
Gross Income | -15.3 | -25.5% | -27.4% | 1.300% | -100.0% | -20.5% |
SG&A | -27.9% | -21.8% | -14.8% | -43.8% | -100.0% | -29.9% |
Operating Income | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | -100.0% | N/A |
Revenues in the Wire and Cable business unit decreased by Ch$21,876 million, or 16.5% compared to the previous year. Lower net sales levels can be explained mainly by the exclusion of Optel, which contributed Ch$2,202 million to the 2002 consolidated revenues, a reduction of 12.9% in the consolidated volume of metallic cables, and by the impact of the appreciation of the peso against the dollar during the fiscal year. Lower volume in sales of metallic wire and cables can be explained through the decrease of 14.8% in Brazilian sales due to lower sales of aluminum bare cables to the electric sector which was partially compensated by an increase in Peruvian sales due to higher investment levels in the telecom sector, governmental investments for rural electrification and the strengthening of the demand from the construction sector. In addition, the unit's average dollar price of metallic cables increased approximately 14%, which reflected the increase in the average cost of copper during 2003.
The Company's wire and cable cost of goods sold principally consists of the costs of copper, aluminum and other raw materials used by the Company in production, labor costs for production personnel, depreciation of assets related to production and costs associated with operating and maintaining the Company's plants and equipment. Cost of goods sold decreased by Ch$19,587 million, or 16.2%, mainly as result of lower volume in sales of both metallic cables and optical fiber telecom cables. In addition, the decrease in cost of goods sold reflects the appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar, which was partially offset by the increase in the price of copper (the year over year average increase was 12.6% in Chilean peso terms), aluminum (the year -over year increase amounted to 3.6%). The Company's wire and cable margin declined only 0.4 percentage points, from 8.5% in 2002 to 8.1% in 2003.
The Company's selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries of sales and administrative personnel, administrative depreciation and maintenance expenses, general expenses and expenses for transportation and services provided by third parties. Selling, general and administrative expenses fell by Ch$4,227 million, or 29.9%, primarily as a result of the Company's efforts to control costs and of the effect of the appreciation of the Chilean peso on translating the expenses of the foreign subsidiaries of the Company into Chilean pesos (a difference of Ch$1,450 million between both years).
Operating losses were reduced by Ch$1,938 million or 65.5%: from a loss of Ch$2,959 million accumulated in 2002 to a loss of Ch$1,021 million in 2003.
Brass Mills
Year 2003 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Inter-company | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | 51,080 | 4,048 | 7,163 | (6,114) | 56,177 |
COGS | (45,179) | (3,587) | (7,459) | 5,996 | (50,229) |
Gross Income | 5,901 | 461 | (296) | (118) | 5,948 |
Gross Margin | 11.6% | 11.4% | -4.1% | 1.9% | 10.6% |
SG&A | (2,811) | (537) | (809) | (343) | (4,500) |
Operating Income | 3.090 | (76) | (1,105) | (461) | 1,448 |
Operating Margin | 6.0% | -1.9% | -15.5% | 7.5% | 2.6% |
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Inter-company | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | 46,210 | 3,117 | 10,204 | (2,404) | 57,127 |
COGS | (39,335) | (2,835) | (9,171) | 2,395 | (48,946) |
Gross Income | 6,875 | 282 | 1,033 | (9) | 8,181 |
Gross Margin | 14.9% | 9.0% | 10.1% | 0.4% | 14.3% |
SG&A | (5,012) | (771) | (957) | (367) | (7,107) |
Operating Income | 1,863 | (489) | 76 | (376) | 1,074 |
Operating Margin | 4.0% | -15.7% | 0.7% | 15.6% | 1.9% |
2003 versus 2002 % change | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | 10.5% | 29.9% | -29.8% | -1.7% |
COGS | 14.9% | 26.5% | -18.7% | 2.6% |
Gross Income | -14.2% | 63.5% | N/A | -27.3% |
SG&A | -43.9% | -30.4% | -15.5% | -36.7% |
Operating Income | 65.9% | N/A | N/A | 34.8% |
In 2003, revenues remained almost flat in comparison with the previous year, decreasing Ch$950 million or 1.7% compared to 2002. This was caused principally by the appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar for the period, and by a 13.0% drop in volume sales of coin blanks mainly due to increasingly competitive environment in terms of price, and to the excess installed capacity within the industry once high levels of demand due to the introduction of the euro had concluded. These reductions were partially offset by an increase of 9.1% in the Chilean volume sales primarily due to market share gains as well as higher demand from the mining industry. Argentine volume sales also increased (67.0%) due to greater volumes of copper tube sales in the local market. In addition, revenues were driven by a 15.0% increase in the average U.S. dollar price, which was due to the increase in the price of copper which occurred during 2003, and continued after 2003 ended.
Cost of goods sold increased by Ch$ 1,283 million or 2.6%, which was principally a reflection of increased volume sales and an overall increase in raw material prices. The year over year increase in copper prices was 12.6% in Chilean peso terms, in aluminum prices 3.6% and in zinc prices 3.4%. The Company's Brass Mills margin declined 3.7 percentage points, from 14.3% in 2002 to 10.6% in 2003.
Selling, general and administrative expenses fell by Ch$2,607 million, or 36.7%, mainly as a result of the lower expenses of Madeco Chile due to its wide cost reduction policies.
The operating income of the Company increased by Ch$374 million, or 34.8% from 2002 to 2003. In addition, the Company's operating margin increased 0.7 percentage points, from 1.9% in 2002 to 2.6% in 2003.
Flexible Packaging
Year 2003 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Inter-company | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 31,461 | 10,280 | (4) | 41,737 |
COGS | (26,394) | (8,775) | 4 | (35,165) |
Gross Income | 5,067 | 1,505 | 0 | 6,572 |
Gross Margin | 16.1% | 14.6% | 0.0% | 15.7% |
SG&A | (2,189) | (689) | (437) | (3,315) |
Operating Income | 2,878 | 816 | (437) | 3,257 |
Operating Margin | 9.1% | 7.9% | 0.0% | 7.8% |
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Inter-company | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 30,202 | 10,737 | 0 | 40,939 |
COGS | (26,227) | (9,359) | 2 | (35,584) |
Gross Income | 3,975 | 1,378 | 2 | 5,355 |
Gross Margin | 13.2% | 12.8% | 0.0% | 13.1% |
SG&A | (2,116) | (488) | (478) | (3,082) |
Operating Income | 1,859 | 890 | (476) | 2,273 |
Operating Margin | 6.2% | 8.3% | 0.0% | 5.6% |
2003 versus 2002 % change | |||
Chile | Argentina | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 4.2% | -4.3% | 1.9% |
COGS | 0.6% | -6.2% | -1.2% |
Gross Income | 27.5% | 9.2% | 22.7% |
SG&A | 3.5% | 41.2% | 7.6% |
Operating Income | 54.8% | -8.3% | 43.3% |
Revenues in 2003 increased by Ch$798 million or 1.9% with respect to the previous year. The raise in revenues reflects an increase of 5.8% and 8.7% respectively in the volume sales in Chile and Argentina due to a significant increase in market size of both countries, and a 7% increase in the average price in dollars in Argentina between 2002 and 2003. These effects were partially offset by the appreciation of the Chilean peso in 2003.
Cost of goods sold decreased slightly by Ch$419 million, or 1.2%, reflecting increased productivity in manufacturing (11.0%), which raised as sales volumes increased. In addition, the importance of raw materials fell due to lower prices (primarily inks), depreciation expenses decreased as well as a significant fall in scrap levels of the Company in Chile (14.4%) and Argentina (23.0%).
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by Ch$233 million, or 7.6%, principally as a result of higher sales expenses due to increased commissions in external trade, as a reflection of the increase in exports.
The unit's operating profits totaled Ch$3,257 million in 2003, an increase of 43.3%, which represents a significant improvement compared to the previous year. In addition, operating margin increased 2.2 percentage points, from 5.6% to 7.8% in 2003.
Aluminum Profiles
Year 2003 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Inter-company | Aluminum Profiles Unit | |
Revenues | 28,825 | 400 | 1 | 29,226 |
COGS | (21,133) | (284) | 0 | (21,417) |
Gross Income | 7,692 | 116 | 1 | 7,809 |
Gross Margin | 26.7% | 29.0% | 0.0% | 26.7% |
SG&A | (3,638) | (137) | (261) | (4,036) |
Operating Income | 4,054 | (21) | (260) | 3,773 |
Operating Margin | 14.1% | -5.3% | 0.0% | 12.9% |
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Inter-company | Aluminum Profiles Unit | |
Revenues | 27,853 | 524 | 0 | 28,377 |
COGS | (20,724) | (366) | 0 | (21,090) |
Gross Income | 7,129 | 158 | 0 | 7,287 |
Gross Margin | 25.6% | 30.2% | 0.0% | 25.7% |
SG&A | (3,228) | (140) | (264) | (3,632) |
Operating Income | 3,901 | 18 | (264) | 3,655 |
Operating Margin | 14.0% | 3.4% | 0.0% | 12.9% |
2003 versus 2002 % change | |||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Aluminum Unit | |
Revenues | 3.5% | -23.7% | 3.0% |
COGS | 2.0% | -22.4% | 1.6% |
Gross Income | 7.9% | -26.6% | 7.2% |
SG&A | 12.7% | -2.1% | 11.1% |
Operating Income | 3.9% | N/A | 3.2% |
Revenues in 2003 grew by Ch$849 million, or 3.0% compared to the previous year, which reflected a 2.3% increase in volume sales registered by the unit due to a significant increase of three percentage points of market share. Moreover, the Company as a consequence of its excellent service and quality of its products succeeded in the transfer of the increase in cost of raw materials to the sales price of aluminum profiles (1.2%).
Cost of goods sold increased by Ch$327 million, or 1.6%, due mainly to higher transformation costs of 3.0%, and higher aluminum profiles unit costs as a consequence of higher aluminum LME prices (5.0%) offset by lower dollar prices with respect to the Chilean peso.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by Ch$404 million, or 11.1% in 2003 due principally to higher sales expenses resulting from greater activity and diversification of the client base. Moreover, the Company recorded an increase in severance indemnities between June and November 2003, as well as higher marketing expenses and doubtful accounts provision.
The unit's operating income increased by Ch$118 million or 3.2% in 2003 in comparison to 2002, and operating margin remained flat at 12.9%.
Net Non-Operating Results.
- Non-Operating Income:The Company's non-operating income decreased by Ch$414 million, from Ch$2,296 million to Ch$1,882 million in 2003. The main decreases were lower financial income of Ch$472 million and lower equity in income of related companies (Ch$246 million). Those decreases were partially offset by a increase of Ch$303 million in other non-operating income, which amounted to Ch$729 million in 2003 versus Ch$426 million registered in 2002. The main differences between both years is recovery of tax benefits in foreign subsidiaries for a total of Ch$487 million, which was partially offset by the decrease of others (Ch$174 million).
- Non-Operating Expenses: Non-operating losses for 2003 decreased by Ch$16,122 million compared to the previous year: non-operating losses went from Ch$41,820 million in 2002 to Ch$25,628 million in 2003. This variation can be explained principally by a reduction in financial expenses of Ch$6,821 million compared to 2002 resulting from repayments of bank debt and bonds amounting to Ch$61,038 million, of lower interest rates due to financial restructuring, and by a favorable exchange rate affecting dollar indexed debt, which represented 16% of the total financial liabilities as of year-end of 2003.
In 2003, other non-operating expenses amounted to Ch$11,323 million compared to Ch$20,211 million the previous year. Expense levels in 2003 were due principally to the following expenses, which did not affect the cash flow of the Company:
- Ch$4,917 million in connection to provisions related to Optel. As of December 31, 2003, the direct subsidiary Metal Overseas S.A. recognized provisions for the entirety of its 50% interest in Optel in its financial results, due to the unfavorable arbitration judgment in a case that the Company had against Corning. As a result among others, the Company lost certain rights over the appointment of Optel's management and consequently its results have not been incorporated into the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2003.
- Ch$3,141 million related to provisions in Argentina related to revaluation of assets, provisions for pending lawsuits, and the amortization of depreciation of idle assets.
- Ch$1,680 million for provisions for obsolescence of other long-term assets.
- Price-Level Restatement: Price level restatement and translation losses for the year 2003 were Ch$10,267 million lower compared to the prior year. Profits related to price level restatement were reduced by Ch$1,726 million in 2003 compared to 2002, reflecting primarily a decrease of 62% in the annual inflation rate between the two periods. The losses due to the translation were reduced by Ch$11,993 million, mainly due to the efforts of the Company to minimize risk and fluctuations in the exchange rate, which resulted in a reduction of conversion losses of Ch$4,181 million due to the appreciation of the Chilean peso in comparison to the Brazilian Real, the Argentine Peso, and the Peruvian Sol. In addition, the bank debt in dollars held by the Company produced a Ch$9,983 million decrease in loss, and hedging costs in Brazil were reduced by Ch$1,196 million. These effects were partially offset by net assets in dollars that generated higher losses of Ch$3,367 million as a result of the aforementi oned appreciation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar during 2003.
Income Taxes. Income tax in 2003 amounted to Ch$1,592 million versus a credit of Ch$1,416 million in 2002. The income tax in 2003 reflect the effects of deferred taxes, which did not affect the cash flow of the Company.
Minority Interest. Minority interest in 2003 was a charge of Ch$578 million compared with a credit of Ch$2,018 million the previous year. This variation is due principally to the profits of the Company's flexible packaging unit in 2003 and to the losses of Optel in 2002.
The net loss for 2003 was Ch$16,734 million, Ch$23,833 million less than the net loss registered in the prior year. This positive change was due principally to a Ch$25,974 million reduction in non-operating losses, and to a Ch$3,413 million increase in the operating results, which were partially offset by an income tax increase of Ch$3,009 million for 2003 and by Ch$2,596 million in increased minority interest.
2002 versus 2001
Net Sales.Consolidated revenues in 2002 fell 25.0% from 2001 levels. Revenues from the Wire and Cable Unit dropped 33.4%, due to the temporary closure of the Argentine operations and lower investment activity in the telecom sector. Lower revenues at the Brass Mills Unit (-21.3%) reflected reduced levels of construction activity in Argentina, Chile and other Latin American countries, as well as the slowdown in the demand of Euro coins blanks. The reduction of Flexible Packaging revenues (-7.0%) reflected lower revenues in Argentina (-67.0% in terms of Chilean pesos) due to the crisis in the country and the devaluation of the Argentine peso, partially offset by higher sales in Chile (+25.1%) due to sales initiatives. The Aluminum Profiles revenues drop (-5.0%) reflects lower sales from the curtain wall segment (divested at the beginning of 2002) and also reflects the slowdown of new projects in the construction sector.
Cost of Goods Sold.Cost of goods sold in 2002 amounted to Ch$226,833 million, representing a 24.0% decrease versus the previous year.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. In 2002, selling, general and administrative expenses totaled Ch$27,969 million, a 21.8% drop versus the previous year. The reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses reflect the Company's efforts to reduce the fixed cost structure as well as the closure of the Wire and Cable and Brass Mills plants in Argentina. At year-end 2001, as a consequence of Argentina's economic environment and political instability, the Company suspended its Argentine Wire and Cable and Brass Mills production operations.
Operating Income (Loss). In 2002, the Company's operating income decreased by Ch$7,039 million from the previous year, translating into a decrease in the operating margin (from 3.2% in 2001 to 1.6% in 2002), due to the drop in total revenues, which was partially offset by a decrease of 21.8% in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Analysis of Operating Segment Performance 2002 versus 2001
The Company's operating results for each business unit are described in further detail below:
Wire and Cable
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Inter-company | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | 40,242 | 70,164 | 32,701 | 1,187 | 2,202 | (14,094) | 132,402 |
COGS | (38,222) | (64,799) | (28,170) | (1,166) | (2,503) | 13,647 | (121,213) |
Gross Income | 2,020 | 5,365 | 4,531 | 21 | (301) | (447) | 11,189 |
Gross Margin | 5,0% | 7,6% | 13,9% | 1,8% | -13,7% | 3,2% | 8,5% |
SG&A | (2,853) | (5,486) | (2,291) | (654) | (1,031) | (1,833) | (14,148) |
Operating Income | (833) | (121) | 2,240 | (633) | (1,332) | (2,280) | (2,959) |
Operating Margin | -2.1% | -0.2% | 6.8% | -53.3% | -60.5% | 16.2% | -2.2% |
Year 2001 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Inter-company | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | 40,741 | 89,308 | 30,855 | 16,432 | 35,717 | (14,553) | 198,500 |
COGS | (35,703) | (80,178) | (25,815) | (15,377) | (25,560) | 14,191 | (168,442) |
Gross Income | 5,038 | 9,130 | 5,040 | 1,055 | 10,157 | (362) | 30,058 |
Gross Margin | 12.4% | 10.2% | 16.3% | 6.4% | 28.4% | 2.5% | 15.1% |
SG&A | (3,519) | (6,742) | (2,308) | (2,273) | (4,411) | (871) | (20,124) |
Operating Income | 1,519 | 2,388 | 2,732 | (1,218) | 5,746 | (1,233) | 9,934 |
Operating Margin | 3.7% | 2.7% | 8.9% | 7.4% | 16.1% | 8.5% | 5..0% |
2002 versus 2001 % change | ||||||
Chile | Brazil | Peru | Argentina | Optical Fiber | Wire & Cable Unit | |
Revenues | -1.3% | -21.6% | 5.8% | -92.8% | -93.8% | -33.4% |
COGS | 6.9% | -19.3% | 9.0% | -92.4% | -90.2% | -28.1% |
Gross Income | -60.0% | -41.6% | 10.2% | 98.0% | N/A | -62.8% |
SG&A | -19.0% | -18.8% | -0.8% | -71.2% | -76.5% | -29.8% |
Operating Income | N/A | N/A | -18.2% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Revenues dropped 33.4% from 2001 levels to Ch$132,402 million in 2002 as the result of lower demand in for telecom cables (optical fiber cables fell 88.2% and metallic cables fell 20.4%) and a change in the product mix towards lower value-added products. The decrease in revenue reflects lower sales in Argentina due to the economic crisis and the closure of the Company's plant as well as lower net sales in Brazil. Revenues in Brazil decreased by 21.6% compared to the previous year, reflecting 21.5% drop in volume sales as a result of a decrease in demand for copper telecom cables in Brazil from the second half of 2001. The uncertainty raised in Brazil by the presidential elections during the second half of 2002 also caused a slowdown of investment activity in the country.
Cost of goods sold declined by 28.1% (totaling Ch$121,213 million in 2002) due to lower sales activity, primarily in Argentina in optical fiber and copper telecom cables. Cost of goods sold in Brazil dropped by 19.3% compared to 2001. The decrease in cost of goods sold reflects lower volume sales (21.5%) and employee reductions (mainly in the telecom area), which were partially offset by an increase in the price of copper, oil and electric power, the latter as a consequence of the electric power deficit in Brazil during 2002. Cost of goods sold in Chile increased 6.9%, based on an increase in the Company's raw material cost (copper) in 2002 and the increase in the cost of polyethylene plastic coating and PVC (oil derivatives). The increase was partially offset by employee reductions, primarily in the telecom area.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 29.8% (totaling Ch$14,148 million in 2002) due to personnel reductions, which started at the end of 2001 and continued through 2002. In Brazil, selling, general and administrative expenses experience an 18.8% decrease compared to 2001. The drop reflects the effects of the restructuring measures made by the Company, which caused a decrease in salary expenses, third-party services and lower maintenance expenses. The drop was partially offset by an increase in allowances for doubtful accounts to better reflect the condition of some customers of the Company. In Chile selling, general and administrative expenses experienced a 19.0% reduction with respect to 2001. Madeco Chile splits overhead and administrative expenses into two divisions: Wire and Cable and Brass Mills. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses in Wire and Cable also includes a reallocation of selling, general and administrative previously registered in the Chilea n Brass Mills unit. When analyzing selling, general and administrative expenses for both divisions, they amount to Ch$7,865 million, a 15.1% increase compared to the Ch$6,832 million of the previous year. The increase reflects higher severance payments, allowances for doubtful accounts and fees, which were partially offset by lower salary expenses due to the above-mentioned employee reductions.
Operating results fell from a positive Ch$9,934 million in 2001 to a loss of Ch$2,959 million in 2002.
Brass Mills
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Inter-company | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | 46,210 | 3,117 | 10,204 | (2,404) | 57,127 |
COGS | (39,335) | (2,835) | (9,171) | 2,395 | (48,946) |
Gross Income | 6,875 | 282 | 1,033 | (9) | 8,181 |
Gross Margin | 14.9% | 9.0% | 10.1% | 0.4% | 14.3% |
SG&A | (5,012) | (771) | (957) | (367) | (7,107) |
Operating Income | 1,863 | (489) | 76 | (376) | 1,074 |
Operating Margin | 4.0% | -15.7% | 0.7% | 15.6% | 1.9% |
Year 2001 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | |||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Inter-company | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | 51,335 | 11,935 | 14,429 | (5,158) | 72,541 |
COGS | (43,459) | (13,836) | (12,529) | 5,057 | (64,767) |
Gross Income | 7,876 | (1,901) | 1,900 | (101) | 7,774 |
Gross Margin | 15.3% | -15.9% | 13.2% | 2.0% | 10.7% |
SG&A | (3,313) | (2,239) | (1,160) | (395) | (7,107) |
Operating Income | 4,563 | (4,140) | 740 | (496) | 667 |
Operating Margin | 8.9% | -34,7% | 5,1% | 9.6% | 0.9% |
2002 versus 2001 % change | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Coins | Brass Mills Unit | |
Revenues | -10.1% | -73.9% | -29.4% | -21.3% |
COGS | -9.6% | -79.5% | -26.9% | -24.5% |
Gross Income | -12.8% | N/A | -45.7% | 5.1% |
SG&A | 51.1% | -65.6% | -17.6% | -0.1% |
Operating Income | -59.2% | -88.2% | -89.8% | 60.8% |
Revenues dropped by 21.3% in 2002 totaling Ch$57,127 million. Lower revenue levels reflected a slump of Argentine sales, a drop in Chilean local demand, lower exports to the U.S. and Europe, the temporary closure of plants in Argentina, and lower sales of Euro coins blanks. In Chile, revenues decreased 10.1% due to a 12.4% decline in volume sales related to a lower demand for the product by the end of 2001 in the United States and Europe, and low activity levels in the construction sector in Chile. In addition, in 2002 low price aluminum finished goods were imported from Argentina. Therefore, local manufacturers of aluminum-based products experienced a negative impact on demand. Revenues in the coin division dropped by 29.4% versus the previous year, the result of lower volume sales (27.4%) and a decrease in average sales prices denominated in U.S. dollars, duetostrong competition caused by an excess installed capacity in the coin industry. I n 2000 and 2001, the industry experienced a demand upturn for coin blanks for the European market, because of the introduction of the Euro, while in 2002, the demand returned to normal levels.
Cost of goods sold dropped 24.5% from the previous year (totaling Ch$48,946 million in 2002) due to lower sales. Despite the drop in product demand, Madeco's efforts to improve productivity resulted in a 3.6% increase in gross margin (from 10.7% in 2001 to 14.3% in 2002). Cost of goods sold in Chile decreased 9.6% with respect to the previous year, reflecting lower volume sales (12.4%) and an increase in copper price, partially compensated by improvement in plant productivity and an employee reduction occurring in the second half of 2002. The decrease in costs (26.9%) in the coin division was the result of lower volume sales and a decline in the cost of raw materials for using a higher proportion of second hand materials.
Selling, general and administrative expenses dropped 0.1% (Ch$7,107 million in 2002). Operating income increased 60.8%, from Ch$661 million in 2001 to Ch$1,063 million in 2002. Chilean selling, general and administrative expenses of the Brass Mills unit increased 51.1% versus 2001. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of the Brass Mills unit also includes a reallocation of selling, general and administrative expenses previously registered in the Chilean Wire and Cable unit. Madeco Chile splits overhead and administrative expenses into two divisions: Wire and Cable and Brass Mills. When analyzing selling, general and administrative expenses of both divisions, they amount to Ch$7,865 million, a 15.1% increase compared to Ch$6,832 million in the previous year. The increase is originated from higher severance payments, allowances for doubtful accounts and fees, which were partially offset by lower salary expenses due to the above-mentioned employee reductions. Selling, general an d administrative expenses in the coin division experienced a 17.6% decrease versus the previous year, which results from several restructuring measures aimed to adapt the Company's fixed cost structure. At the end of 2002, Madeco Chile took the administration of the coin blanks and coin producer subsidiary, so there was significant lower expenses in the administration area due to the synergies obtained.
Flexible Packaging
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Inter-company | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 30,202 | 10,737 | 0 | 40,939 |
COGS | (26,227) | (9,359) | 2 | (35,584) |
Gross Income | 3,975 | 1,378 | 2 | 5,355 |
Gross Margin | 13.2% | 12.8% | 0.0% | 13.1% |
SG&A | (2,116) | (488) | (478) | (3,082) |
Operating Income | 1,859 | 890 | (476) | 2,273 |
Operating Margin | 6.2% | 8.3% | 0.0% | 5.6% |
Year 2001 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Chile | Argentina | Inter-company | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 28,632 | 15,339 | 0 | 43,971 |
COGS | (26,194) | (14,140) | 0 | (40,334) |
Gross Income | (2,438) | 1,199 | 0 | 3,637 |
Gross Margin | 8.5% | 7.8% | 0.0% | 8.3% |
SG&A | (2,171) | (1,198) | (294) | (3,663) |
Operating Income | 267 | 1 | (294) | (26) |
Operating Margin | 0.9% | 0.0% | 0.0% | -0.1% |
2002 versus 2001 % change | |||
Chile | Argentina | Flexible Packaging Unit | |
Revenues | 5.4% | -30.1% | -7.0% |
COGS | -0.2% | -33.9% | -11.9% |
Gross Income | 62.8% | 14.9% | 47.0% |
SG&A | -2.6% | -59.3% | -16.0% |
Operating Income | 594.7% | N/A | N/A |
In the year 2002, revenues decreased by 7.0% (totaling Ch$40,939 million), as a consequence of lower revenues in Argentina (30.1%) due to a drop in volume sales (11.9%) reflecting the adverse economic situation in Argentina, which lowered demand for more sophisticated products, as customers have migrated to lower priced packaging products. On the other hand, revenues in Chile increased 5.4% in 2002 versus 2001, the result of a 3.8% increase in volume sales, as a consequence of concerted commercial efforts to stimulate exports in Latin America and resolution of quality and delivery challenges.
Cost of goods sold decreased 11.9% (totaling Ch$35,584 million in 2002), reflecting cost reduction measures enacted in Argentina and Chile. Cost of goods sold in Argentina decreased 33.9% in 2002 based on both lower volume sales and the fact that most production costs are indexed in Argentine pesos. Cost of goods sold in Chile dropped 0.2% compared to 2002, despite the increase in volume sales. The cost of goods sold decline derives from a more exhaustive control of scrap levels, less overtime costs, lower labor costs, an improvement in the quality of products which resulted in fewer rejected products and, productive improvement in general as a result of a program implemented by the Company in 2001.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were reduced by 16.0% (selling, general and administrative expenses totaled Ch$3,082 million in 2002), due to lower expenses in the Argentine subsidiary following the devaluation of the Argentine peso and based on the Company's cost reductions. Selling, general and administrative expenses in Chile were 2.6% lower compared to 2001, reflecting the decline in expenses after the successful austerity policy implemented, which included lower labor costs and an efficient organization of third-party costs.
Operating income amounted to Ch$2,273 million in 2002, a notable improvement from a Ch$26 million loss registered in 2001.
Aluminum Profiles
Year 2002 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Inter-company | Aluminum Profiles Unit | |
Revenues | 27,853 | 524 | 0 | 28,377 |
COGS | (20,724) | (366) | 0 | (21,090) |
Gross Income | 7,129 | 158 | 0 | 7,287 |
Gross Margin | 25.6% | 30.2% | 0.0% | 25.7% |
SG&A | (3,228) | (140) | (264) | (3,632) |
Operating Income | 3,901 | 18 | (264) | 3,655 |
Operating Margin | 14.0% | 3.4% | 0.0% | 12.9% |
Year 2001 (in Ch$ million, except percentages) | ||||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Inter-company | Aluminum Profiles Unit | |
Revenues | 24,953 | 4,894 | (3) | 29,844 |
COGS | (19,576) | (4,959) | 2 | (24,533) |
Gross Income | 5,377 | (65) | (1) | 5,311 |
Gross Margin | 21.5% | -1.3% | 33.3% | 17.8% |
SG&A | (3,671) | (1,013) | (120) | (4,804) |
Operating Income | 1,706 | (1,078) | (121) | 507 |
Operating Margin | 6.8% | -22.0% | 4,033.3% | 1.7% |
2002 versus 2001 % change | |||
Aluminum Profiles | Curtain Walls | Aluminum Unit | |
Revenues | 11.5% | -89.3% | -5.0% |
COGS | 5.7% | -92.6% | -14.1% |
Gross Income | 32.4% | N/A | 37.0% |
SG&A | -12.2% | -86.2% | -24.5% |
Operating Income | 128.3% | N/A | 619.5% |
Revenues declined by 5.0% from the previous year (totaling Ch$28,377 million in 2002). The decrease in sales reflects the net effect of increased revenue from the aluminum profiles business (+11.5%) and the decrease in revenues from the curtain wall segment after Madeco decided to exit the business in February 2002. At the beginning of 2002, the Company decided to exit the curtain wall business segment. The operating figures reported during 2002 only reflected the completion of the Uruguayan Torre Antel project (revenues in curtain walls declined by 89.3% versus 2001). Net sales in the aluminum profiles division increased 11.5% versus 2001, despite a decline in volume sales (2.9%), due to a lower local demand and a drop in exports, resulted from an increase in the average sales price after the introduction of new lines of greater value-added products and higher spot sales of aluminum scrap.
Cost of goods sold dropped 14.1% (Ch$21,090 million in 2002) due to lower activity in the curtain wall segment and productivity improvements in the aluminum profiles business. Cost of goods sold in the profiles division increased 5.7%, the result of higher costs of raw materials. During 2001, the Company used a higher proportion of secondhand materials. The increase in cost of goods sold was partially offset by a sustained increase in productivity levels.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were reduced by 24.5% (totaling Ch$3,632 million in 2002) due to the exit of the curtain wall business and the reduction of over time costs and personnel, resulted as a part of the austerity policy implemented by the Company, which implied a general decrease in expense levels.
Operating income increased notably, from Ch$507 million in 2001 to Ch$3,655 million in 2002.
Net Non-Operating Results. In 2002, non-operating losses decreased by Ch$16,000 million, from a loss of Ch$64,050 million in 2001 to a loss of Ch$48,050 million in 2002.
- 's non-operating income amounted to Ch$2,296 million compared to Ch$6,132 million in 2001. Financial income dropped Ch$411 million from 2001 levels due to the decrease in interest rates. The Company recorded equity income (losses) from related companies in 2002 of Ch$284 million compared to a Ch$52 million loss in 2001, mainly due to the improvement at the Company's Peruvian affiliates (Peruplast and Techpack). Other non-operating income dropped Ch$3,836 million in 2002, as the Company sold a 25% stake in Optel during 2001.
- Non-Operating Expenses: The Company's non-operating expenses amounted to Ch$41,820 million in 2002, a drop versus Ch$56,453 million registered in 2001. Financial expenses decreased by Ch$2,816 million in 2002 from the previous year, reflecting lower interest rates during 2002, partially offset by the effect of the devaluation of the Chilean peso in the Company's debt denominated in U.S. dollars. The amortization of goodwill was reduced by Ch$376 million in 2002 from the previous year, due to lower amortization of goodwill for Optel Argentina S.A. (producer of optical fiber cables in Argentina). Other non-operating expenses were Ch$11,388 million lower in 2002 than in 2001. Non-operating expenses in 2002 included: Ch$3,285 million for the depreciation of assets, Ch$1,167 million for the provision of non-collectibles, Ch$2,162 million for allowance for valuation assets, Ch$1,461 million of allowance for valuation of other assets in Argentina, Ch$4,741 million of allowance for valuation of proper ty, plant and equipment in Argentina and Ch$2,254 million for severance payments following the restructuring in Argentina.
- Price-Level Restatement: In 2002, the price-level restatement and translation losses were Ch$5,203 million lower than in 2001. In 2002, the Company recorded a gain resulting from price-level restatement of Ch$3,758 million, mainly because of the revaluation of inventories, versus a charge of Ch$4,118 million in 2001. In 2002, the Company registered higher losses due to the devaluation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar (Ch$1,084 million), the devaluation of the Brazilian Real against the U.S. dollar (Ch$5,178 million) and a charge (Ch$2,765 million) due to increased liabilities in non-local currency (US$48 million) from the previous year. The increase of exchange rate losses were partially offset by hedging operations in Brazil (Ch$6,013 million), an increase in inventories (Ch$4,930 million), a lower price-level restatement charge (Ch$1,294 million) due to lower equity and minority interest, and a lower charge in results (Ch$947 million) due to lower bank debt denominated in UF vers us 2001.
Income Taxes. Income tax decreased by Ch$1,851 million in 2002, primarily due to the effect of deferred taxes (tax losses). In 2002, the Company registered a tax income credit of Ch$1,416 million, principally due to losses from the subsidiaries Alusa, Indalum and Madeco Chile, providing tax income credit of Ch$1,185 million, Ch$142 million and Ch$996 million, respectively. This tax credit was partially offset mostly by a tax payment by Indeco (Ch$860 million).
Minority Interest. The Company registered a minority interest gain of Ch$1,333 million in 2001, versus a Ch$2,018 million gain in 2002, due to losses of Optel Ltda. and Alusa S.A.
Impact of Inflation and Price Level Restatement
In general, inflation has the adverse effect of diminishing the purchasing power of a company's monetary assets that are not price-level indexed, and has the positive effect of reducing the real value of a company's monetary liabilities that are not price-level indexed. In addition, to the extent that increases in a company's costs of production are not passed on to the consumer in the form of higher prices for a company's goods, inflation will adversely affect Company's earnings.
As explained in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company is required to restate non-monetary assets, non-monetary liabilities, shareholders' equity, and income and expense accounts to reflect the effect of variations in the purchasing power of the Chilean peso, thus reflecting by an indirect method the gain or loss resulting from holding or owning monetary assets and liabilities. For all the above figures, the restatement is based on the variation of the officialIndice de Precio al Consumidor (the Chilean Consumer Price Index, or "IPC") published by theInstituto Nacional de Estadisticas (National Institute of Statistics, or "INE") (with the exception of inventories which are reflected at the lower of restated cost or net realizable value) and assets and liabilities in foreign currency which are adjusted based on period-end exchange rates.
Chilean companies sometimes finance current assets and fixed assets with short-term and long-term liabilities in foreign currency. Given that assets are generally restated using the IPC and liabilities in foreign currencies are restated to period-end exchange rates, the price-level restatement line in the income statement is affected by the relationship between local inflation and the U.S. dollar exchange rate to the Chilean peso.
As a result of Chile's past inflation, the financial markets have developed a system of borrowing and lending in UFs. Most long-term assets and liabilities in pesos are indexed in UFs, and the adjustment to the closing value is reflected in the price-level adjustment account.
Price-level restatement losses also result from holding monetary assets in excess of monetary liabilities during inflationary periods, or from holding foreign exchange-denominated liabilities in excess of foreign exchange-denominated assets during periods of devaluation of the Chilean peso versus the U.S. dollar.
There is no assurance that high rates of inflation in the future will not have an adverse effect on the Company's business or results of operations.
Madeco's foreign currency exchange exposure arises from maintaining foreign investments in Brazilian reales, Argentine pesos, Peruvian soles and U.S. dollars. For further explanation, see Note 2 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Working Capital in Foreign Currencies
The Company's operating results and investments outside Chile are exposed to fluctuations of foreign currency exchange rates in part as a result of carrying working capital in local currencies. According to Chilean GAAP, the Company's financial statements are expressed in Chilean pesos as a result of the consolidation of financial statements of Chilean subsidiaries expressed in Chilean pesos and the translation of the foreign subsidiaries' financial statements expressed in the respective local currencies, restated in U.S. dollars following Chilean GAAP and converted to Chilean pesos using year-end exchange rates.
The following table presents the working capital position in local currencies as of December 31, 2003 of the Company's consolidated foreign subsidiaries. All amounts are expressed in millions of Chilean pesos.
U.S. Dollar | R$ | AR$ | Sol$ | Euro | Other currencies | Total | |
Current Assets | 52,609 | 17,179 | 2,129 | 1,749 | 780 | 763 | 75,209 |
Current Liabilities | 17,875 | 9,519 | 1,500 | 839 | 22 | 187 | 29,943 |
Working Capital in Local Currencies | 34,733 | 7,660 | 629 | 910 | 758 | 576 | 45,265 |
The above table only includes the current assets and current liabilities in foreign currencies held by the Company at December 31, 2003, and does not represent the Company's total foreign currency exchange risk exposure. For additional discussion, see "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors" and "Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk - Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk".
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Preparation of the Company's financial statements require estimates and judgments to be made that affect the amounts of the Company's assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company continually evaluates these estimates, including those related to allowances for doubtful accounts, inventories, allowances for recoverable taxes, restructuring of operations, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, goodwill, contingent liabilities, income tax valuation allowances, severance indemnities and the fair value of financial instruments. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions which it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates form the basis for judgments about the carrying value of the Company's assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. The Company has identified below certain accounting policies that are critical to its financial sta tements.
Inventories. Inventories of finished products, work in progress and by-products are valued at production cost including direct manufacturing costs plus price-level restatement ("restated cost"). Inventories of goods for resale, raw materials, other materials and materials in transit are valued at restated cost. Work in progress and finished goods include direct and indirect manufacturing costs. The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand and records a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on an estimated forecast of product demand and production requirements. Inventory values do not exceed their estimated net realizable value. Additionally, the Company's estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case the Company may have understated or overstated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. In the future, if inventory is determined to be overvalued, the Company would be required to recognize such costs in cost of goods sold at the time of such determination. Likewise, if inventory is determined to be undervalued, the Company may have over-reported costs of goods sold in previous periods and would be required to recognize such additional operating income at the time of sale. Therefore, although the Company makes every an effort to ensure the accuracy of its forecasts of future product demand, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of its inventory and reported operating results.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. The Company has entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and swaps exchange currency contracts in order to hedge its currency exchange exposure as part of its assets and liability management. In the normal course of business, the Company employs established policies and procedures to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates, foreign currencies and the fair market value of certain of its investments using a variety of financial instruments.
The Company accounts for these exchange-currency forwards and swaps exchange-currency contracts at quoted market prices, which are based on exchange quoted prices, adjusted for differences in local markets. Changes in the market value of all of these contracts are recognized as stated in the statement of loss. If the Company were to use different methods to estimate market value, the amount determined as fair value could differ.
Translation of Foreign Currency Financial Statements and Foreign Currency Transactions. The Company's reporting currency is the Chilean peso. However, the functional currency of the majority of its foreign subsidiaries is their local currency. In accordance with Technical Bulletin No. 64, the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries whose activities do not constitute an extension of the Chilean company's operations, or which operate in countries that are exposed to significant risks, restrictions or inflation/exchange fluctuations must be remeasured into U.S. dollars and then translated into Chilean pesos at the year-end exchange rate. Accordingly, the financial statements of the Company's operations outside of Chile are prepared in accordance with Chilean GAAP, with the exception of monetary correction, and are remeasured into U.S. dollars as follows:
- Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at year-end rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- All non-monetary assets and liabilities and shareholders' equity are translated at historical rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- Income and expense accounts are translated at average rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- Any exchange differences are included in the results of operations for the period.
Price-level restatement based on Chilean inflation is applied to the opening investment balance in the Company's books and participation in income is recorded as described above. The Company then compares this value to its participation in the equity of the investee as re-measured into U.S. dollars and translated into Chilean pesos. Any differences are recorded as an adjustment to the investment account and a direct adjustment to shareholders' equity as "Cumulative adjustment from foreign currency translation".
The Company translates the amounts included in the consolidated statements of income of its foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars on a monthly basis at weighted average exchange rates, which the Company believes are representative of the actual exchange rates on the dates of the transactions.
In determining the functional currency for its foreign subsidiaries, the Company makes judgments based on the collective economic indicators affecting those subsidiaries. The economic indicators it reviews include the currency in which cash flows are denominated, how sales prices are determined, the sales markets in which the subsidiaries operate, where their operating costs are generated, how they obtain financing and the level of inter-company transactions with the Company. A significant change in these economic indicators would require the Company to reassess the functional currency of its foreign subsidiaries.
If the Company determines that the functional currency of any of its foreign subsidiaries should be the Chilean peso, the Company's financial statements would be affected.
Trade Accounts Receivable, Notes Receivable and Others Receivable. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customer's current credit worthiness, as determined by a review of their current credit information. The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from its customers and maintains a provision for estimated credit losses based on the aging of balances, which is presented as a deduction from Trade Accounts Receivable, Notes Receivable and Other Receivables. While such credit losses have historically been within expectations and the provisions established, the Company cannot guarantee that it will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that it has in the past.
Contingencies. The Company is a party to a number of claims and lawsuits, primarily labor claims and claims arising in the normal course of business. Although it cannot precisely predict the amount of any liability that may ultimately arise with respect to any of these matters, the Company records provisions when it considers liability to be probable and reasonably estimable. The provisions are based on historical experience and legal advice, are reviewed quarterly and are adjusted according to developments. Changes in the amount of the provisions affect the Company's consolidated statements of income.
Income Taxes. The Company records valuation allowances to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that it is likely to realize. The Company considers future taxable income and prudent tax planning strategies to assess the need for and the size of the valuation allowances. If it determines that it can realize a deferred tax asset in excess of its net recorded amount, the Company adjusts the deferred tax asset, thereby increasing income. Conversely, if the Company determines that it is unable to realize all or part of its net deferred tax asset, the Company adjusts the deferred tax asset, thereby decreasing income.
U.S. GAAP Reconciliation
The principal differences between Chilean GAAP and U.S. GAAP as they relate to the Company are adjustments for restructuring costs, the elimination of reappraisals of fixed assets, the reversal of goodwill in connection with certain business combinations, the application of equity accounting to investments in which the Company has less than a 20% ownership interest, adjustments for employee severance indemnities, impairment for long-lived assets, impairment for goodwill and the recording of deferred income taxes. See Note 36 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The net loss under U.S. GAAP for 2001, 2002 and 2003 was Ch$54,926 million, Ch$44,089 million and Ch$19,661 million, respectively. Under Chilean GAAP, the net loss for 2001, 2002 and 2003 was Ch$52,050 million, Ch$40,568 million and Ch$16,734 million, respectively. The main differences that result in the various adjustments for U.S. GAAP reconciliation in 2003 are: a reversal of amortization of goodwill and negative goodwill (+Ch$1,788 million), allowance for recoverable taxes (+Ch$1,519 million), reversal of extraordinary provision (+Ch$739 million) and reversal of revenue recognition (+Ch$730 million). The positive adjustments and provisions were partially offset by impairment of goodwill Ficap (-Ch$5,938 million), an adjustment to employee severance indemnities (-Ch$1,040 million), adjustment for deferred income tax provision (-Ch$504 million) and adjustment for restructuring costs and employee termination benefits (-Ch$495 million).
Total shareholders' equity under U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 was Ch$117,874 million, Ch$86,407 million and Ch$130,826 million, respectively, as compared to Ch$128,154 million, Ch$100,224 million and Ch$147,569 million, respectively, reported under Chilean GAAP for the same period. The main differences between shareholders' equity under U.S. GAAP and Chilean GAAP in 2003 are: the reversal of impairment loss (-Ch$6,022 million), impairment of goodwill Ficap (Ch$5,938 million), adjustment for deferred income tax (-Ch$5,365 million), adjustments for employee severance indemnities (-Ch$3,319 million) and the reversal of the revaluation of property, plant and equipment (-Ch$2,620 million). The negative adjustments and provisions were partially offset by the reversal of amortization differences of goodwill (+Ch$4,580 million) and adjustment for restructuring costs and employee termination benefits (+Ch$423 million).
For further details of these and other differences between Chilean GAAP and U.S. GAAP, see Note 35 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company generally finances its activities with funds generated by its operations, short-term financing and, from time to time, long-term bond issuances and bank loans. On December 31, 2003, the Company's total financial indebtedness was Ch$179,749 million (US$302.7 million). With respect to the Company's financial bank and public debt, its total short-term financial indebtedness (including the short-term portion of long-term obligations) was Ch$49,130 million (US$82.7 million) and its total long-term financial indebtedness was Ch$98,147 million (US$165.2 million). With respect to the Company's other financial indebtedness, its short-term liabilities were Ch$18,460 million (US$31.0 million) and its long-term liabilities were Ch$14,012 million (US$23.5 million). In the Company's opinion, the working capital is sufficient for the Company's present requirements.
As further explained in the section " - The Company's Compliance with Financial Covenants and its Refinancing Plan", during the first quarter of 2003, the Company successfully completed a capital increase. The total proceeds of such capital increase were Ch$51,314 million (approximately US$70.1 million at an historic exchange rate of 731.56 Chilean pesos per U.S. dollar on March 31, 2004). With a portion of such proceeds, on March 4, 2003, the Company paid to 14 of its bank lenders 30% of the Company's outstanding short- and long-term debt held by such banks, totaling US$38.3 million. The remaining 70% of the Company's outstanding bank debt was rescheduled over a period of seven years, including a grace period of three years. In addition, on March 31, 2003 the bondholders exchanged a total of Ch$7,508 million aggregate principal amount of bonds, which the Company paid 50% in cash and 50% in shares. In addition, in April the Company pre-paid a total of US$9.9 million of bank debt. On June 1 0, 2003, Madeco sold 264.8 million shares that had remained unsubscribed and unpaid after completion of Madeco's capital increase in March (at approximately Ch$29 per share), resulting in proceeds to Madeco of approximately Ch$7,679 million (equal to approximately US$10.7 million at the Ch$717.4 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for June 10, 2003). In addition, on August 20, 2003, it sold in a public auction on the Santiago Stock Exchange 1,157 million shares that had remained unsubscribed and unpaid after completion of Madeco's capital increase in March (at approximately Ch$28 per share), resulting in proceeds to Madeco of approximately Ch$32,403 million (equal to approximately US$46.1 million at the Ch$702.68 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for August 20, 2003).
Short Term Financing
At December 31, 2003, the Company's total short-term financial indebtedness (excluding the short-term portion of its long-term indebtedness obligations) was Ch$16,229 million (equal to US$27.3 million at the Ch$593.80 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for December 31, 2003).
At March 31, 2004 the Company's total short-term financial indebtedness (excluding the short-term portion of its long-term indebtedness obligations) was Ch$18,118 million (equal to US$29.3 million at the Ch$616.41 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for March 31, 2004); this amount includes various short-term obligations with more than 37 different banks, 15 of them in Chile and the rest in other countries, primarily in Latin America.
The Company's total remaining short-term loans are not committed to credit lines and do not require the Company to comply with financial covenants. The Company generally uses these loans for the financing of trade transactions, working capital and other general corporate purposes. The Company experiences no seasonality of borrowing requirements.
Bonds
At December 31, 2003, the Company had two series of bonds outstanding: Series A bonds and Series C bonds, both issued locally, with a total amount outstanding at year-end 2003 of Ch$57,506 million (equal to US$96.8 million at the Ch$593.80 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for December 31, 2003).
The total amount of bonds of the Company outstanding on March 31, 2004 was Ch$58,122 million (equal to US$94.2 million at the Ch$616.41 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for March 31, 2004).
On May 1, 2004 the Company paid the outstanding amount of the Series C bond amounting to a capital of UF 1,377,000 (equal to Ch$23,227 million or US$37.2 million) and interests of UF42,045.08 (equal to Ch$709 million or US$1.2 million).
On June 15, 2004 the Company made a payment on its Series A bonds, of which UF 91,718.6 (equal to Ch$1,557 million) represented payment of principal and UF 74,559.3 (equal to Ch$1,265 million) represented payment of interest.
For the Series A bonds due 2011, in respect of which there was US$55.8million in aggregate principal amount outstanding at March 31, 2004. The Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants in the fourth quarter 2003 and first quarter 2004 and continues to meet all financial covenants included in these instruments.
Medium-Term and Long-Term Bank Loans
The Company's consolidated medium-term and long-term financial indebtedness with banking institutions (including the short-term portion of these loans) outstanding at December 31, 2003 was approximately Ch$72,791 million (equal to US$122.6 million at the Ch$593.80 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for December 31, 2003).
On March 4, 2003, the Company paid 30% of certain of Madeco's bank debt, pursuant to agreements with certain of its creditors banks dated December 18, 2002. This bank debt included short-, medium- and long-term indebtedness. Seventy percent of the remaining bank debt with such creditors was rescheduled over 7 years, with a grace period of 3 years. In addition, on April 9, 2003, the Company made a second payment of US$9.9 million, equivalent to 10.3% of the outstanding debt. The Company's medium-term and long-term bank debt (including the short-term portion of these loans) outstanding at March 31, 2004 was approximately Ch$74,645 million (equal to US$121.1 million at the Ch$616.41 to US$1.00 Observed Exchange Rate for March 31, 2004).
At December 31, the Company's subsidiary Armat S.A., which is engaged in the manufacture of blank coins, entered into a loan agreement with Scotiabank on August 14, 2001 in a principal amount of US$4 million in order to restructure its working capital. The facility is due on August 16, 2005. As of December 31, 2003, Armat received waivers for failure to meet one of the financial ratios under the loan agreement.
The Company's subsidiary Indalum, on December 2003 carried out a negotiation for a syndicated loan agreement with Banco de Chile, Banco de Credito e Inversiones, Banco del Estado and Banco Security, for a total amount of Ch$8,200 million. The main provisions of the loan are: a) a prohibition on guarantees; b) a maximum consolidated leverage of 1.2 times equity; c) restrictions on dividend payments to a maximum of 30% of annual net income; d) a minimum capital equivalent to UF1,630,000.
For additional discussion regarding the covenants corresponding to the Company's various credit facilities, see Note 29 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Apart from those restrictions set forth in Note 29 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, there are no material restrictions, either legal or economic, that would limit our ability to transfer funds from our subsidiaries to us.
Financial Instruments Used for Hedging Purposes
For information on the Company's use of financial instruments for hedging purposes, see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A. Operating Results- Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", and Note 28 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table summarizes the Company's financial obligations, their expected maturities as of December 31, 2003 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on the Company's liquidity and cash flow in the periods indicated:
Contractual Obligations Due by Period (in Ch$ million) | |||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | < 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | > 5 years |
Short-Term Debt | 16,914 | 16,914 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Long-Term Debt | 130,297 | 32,216 | 9,192 | 43,333 | 45,555 |
Capital Lease Obligations | 7,241 | 806 | 1,350 | 836 | 4,249 |
Operating Leases | 59 | 56 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Other Long-Term Obligations | 862 | 366 | 495 | 0 | 0 |
Severance Indemnities | 1,699 | 799 | 154 | 49 | 696 |
Total Contractual Obligations | 157,071 | 51,158 | 11,194 | 44,219 | 50,500 |
At December 31, 2003, the Company had standby letters of credit amounting to Ch$3,305 million with a number of lending institutions. The majority of these contingent commitments could be payable within the upcoming 12 month period. Additionally, the Company had extended a guarantee amounting to Ch$4,011 million.
As of March 31, 2003, the Company's subsidiary Armat had an obligation for deferred customs duties arising on the import of capital goods within the purview of Decree Law No.1,226 of 1985 and Law No.18,634 of 1987. Those obligations mature between April 2002 and October 2005.
Liquidity
As of March 31, 2004, after completion of the Company's capital increase, the Company had Ch$24,469 million in cash, time deposits and marketable securities. The Company's total indebtedness, including accrued interest, amounted to Ch$201,072 million. Short-term indebtedness included Ch$18,118 million of short-term obligations to banks and financial institutions, Ch$5,630 million of the current portion of long-term bank debt, Ch$27,704 million of the current portion of long-term debt to the public, Ch$692 million in other loans, Ch$19,779 million in various accounts and notes payable and Ch$551 million in payables to related parties. Long-term indebtedness (excluding the current portion thereof) included Ch$69,015 million of long-term obligations to banks, Ch$30,418 million of long-term obligations to the public, Ch$6,411 million of long-term accounts and notes payable and Ch$7,412 million of payables to related parties.
As of December 31, 2003, the Company had Ch$24,144 million in cash, time deposits and marketable securities. The Company's total indebtedness, including accrued interest, amounted to Ch$196,168 million. Short-term indebtedness included Ch$16,229 million of short-term obligations to banks and financial institutions, Ch$5,308 million of the current portion of long-term bank debt, Ch$26,908 million of the current portion of long-term debt to the public, Ch$685 million in other loans, Ch$17,980 million in various accounts and notes payable and Ch$479 million in payables to related parties. Long-term indebtedness (excluding the current portion thereof) included Ch$67,483 million of long-term obligations to banks, Ch$30,598 million of long-term obligations to the public, Ch$6,622 million of long-term accounts and notes payable and Ch$7,456 million of payables to related parties.
As of December 31, 2002, the Company had Ch$7,836 million in cash, time deposits and marketable securities. The Company's total indebtedness, including accrued interest, amounted to Ch$268,190 million. Short-term indebtedness included Ch$79,800 million of short-term obligations to banks and financial institutions, Ch$59,242 million of the current portion of long-term bank debt, Ch$5,543 million of the current portion of long-term debt to the public, Ch$50 million in other loans, Ch$19,726 million in various accounts and notes payable and Ch$6,313 million in payables to related parties. Long-term indebtedness (excluding the current portion thereof) included Ch$9,157 million of long-term obligations to banks, Ch$64,153 million of long-term obligations to the public, Ch$6,784 million of long-term accounts and notes payable and Ch$1,454 million of payables to related parties.
Cash Flow
At December 31, 2003, the Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling Ch$5,421 million versus Ch$7,836 million at December 31, 2002 and Ch$4,625 million at December 31, 2001.
The Company's cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements of Cash Flows, are summarized in the following table:
Cash Flow | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
Cash provided by (used in): | |||
Operating activities | 6,428,076 | 12,524,333 | (5,683,322) |
Financing activities | (5,503,436) | (3,207,690) | 33,378,214 |
Investing activities | (3,602,015) | (5,610,222) | (30,512,490) |
Effect of inflation on cash | (1,723,556) | (495,398) | 402,403 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 4,625,265 | 5,421,093 | 7,836,288 |
The Company's principal capital requirements are to finance working capital of its normal operations, as well as capital expenditures to modernize and increase the efficiency of its machines. Madeco expects that it will have sufficient resources from operations to fund Madeco's currently anticipated capital expenditures and working capital needs. The amount of resources obtained from operations may be affected, however, by a variety of factors. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors".
The following table summarizes the Company's assets as well as the scheduled maturities of the Company's debt as of December 31, 2003:
At December 31, 2003 (in Ch$ million) | |||||||||
Expected Maturity Date | |||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 & beyond | TOTAL | FAIR | ||
ASSETS | |||||||||
Time Deposits (US$) | 1,571 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,571 | 1,571 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 1.05% | 1.05% | |||||||
Time Deposits (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 1,100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,100 | 1,100 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 2.64% | 2.64% | |||||||
Time Deposits (U.F.) | 19,063 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19,063 | 19,063 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 2.00% | 2.00% | |||||||
Time Deposits (BRL) | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | 58 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 10.0% | 10.0% | |||||||
Marketable securities (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 314 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 314 | 314 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 2.52% | 2.52% | |||||||
Other assets (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 2,952 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,952 | 2,952 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 2.79% | 2.79% | |||||||
Other assets (US$) | 6,152 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6,152 | 6,152 | |
Average Interest Rate (%) | 2.10% | 2.10% | |||||||
V | |||||||||
DEBT | |||||||||
Fixed Rate | |||||||||
Bank Debt (US$) | 1,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,466 | 1,466 | |
WAIR (%)(1) | 3.94% | 3.94% | |||||||
Bank Debt (UF) | 1,551 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,551 | 1,525 | |
WAIR (%) | 6,74% | 6,74% | |||||||
Bank Debt (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 5,508 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5,508 | 5,508 | |
WAIR (%) | 5.87% | 5.87% | |||||||
Bank Debt (Other currencies) | 158 | 76 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 234 | 234 | |
WAIR (%) | 17.00% | 17.00% | 17.00% | ||||||
Bank Debt (BRL) | 5,630 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5,630 | 5,630 | |
WAIR (%) | 22.44% | 22.44% | |||||||
Bonds (UF) | 26,908 | 3,509 | 3,763 | 4,036 | 4,329 | 14,961 | 57,506 | 57,848 | |
WAIR (%) | 6.33% | 7.25% | 7.25% | 7.25% | 7.25% | 7.25% | 6.82% | ||
Accounts payable (U.S.) | 3,637 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3,637 | 3,637 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 4,983 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4,983 | 4,983 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (U.F.) | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 44 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (EUR) | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 22 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (ARS) | 253 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 253 | 253 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (SOL) | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 41 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accounts payable (other currencies) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Notes Payable (US$) | 5,544 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5,610 | 5,617 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 10.39% | 0.12% | ||||||
Notes Payables (BRL) | 1,796 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,796 | 1,796 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Notes Payables (ARS) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Notes payables ((Non-Indexed Ch$) | 1,010 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,010 | 1,010 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Sundry Creditors (US$) | 180 | 137 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 356 | 358 | |
WAIR (%) | 7.79% | 9.00% | 10.70% | 8.57% | |||||
Sundry Creditors (UF) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Sundry Creditors (ARS) | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 13 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Sundry Creditors (BRL) | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 47 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Sundry Creditors (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 101 | 1,292 | 405 | 893 | 0 | 3,790 | 6,481 | 6,504 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 5.90% | 6.20% | 6.20% | 6.20% | 6.04% | |||
Sundry Creditors (Peruvian soles) | 298 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 298 | 298 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Due to related companies (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 384 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 384 | 384 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Due to related companies (US$) | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 31 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Due to related companies (UF) | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 63 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accrued expenses (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 3,276 | 280 | 18 | 32 | 0 | 696 | 4,301 | 4,477 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.40% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 6.45% | 1.15% | |||
Accrued expenses (US$) | 1,756 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,805 | 1,805 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||
Accrued expenses (UF) | 415 | 135 | 96 | 169 | 0 | 1,740 | 2,554 | 2,638 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 4.30% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 5.72% | |||
Accrued expenses (BRL) | 1,887 | 432 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,319 | 2,319 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||
Accrued expenses (SOL) | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 475 | 475 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Accrued expenses (ARS) | 838 | 327 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,165 | 1,165 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||
Accrued expenses (Other currencies) | 23 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 34 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||
Dividends payable (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 32 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Current portion of other liabilities (UF) | 685 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 685 | 685 | |
WAIR (%) | 5.86% | 5.86% | |||||||
Unearned income (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 1,542 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,542 | 1,542 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Unearned income (BRL) | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 26 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Unearned income (ARS) | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 29 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Other liabilities (Non-Indexed Ch$) | 109 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 109 | 109 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Other liabilities (BRL) | 159 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 159 | 159 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | |||||||
Other liabilities (ARS) | 366 | 1,505 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,871 | 1,871 | |
WAIR (%) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||
Variable Rate | |||||||||
Bank Debt (US$) | 5,261 | 3,067 | 1,260 | 2,520 | 2,520 | 8,600 | 23,227 | 23,177 | |
Interest Rate Based on | LIBOR | LIBOR | LIBOR | LIBOR | LIBOR | LIBOR | LIBOR | ||
WAIR (%) | 5.19% | 3.90% | 3.41% | 3.41% | 3.41% | 3.41% | 3.88% | ||
Bank Debt (UF) | 1,963 | 1,526 | 4,494 | 7,435 | 13,992 | 21,994 | 51,405 | 49,686 | |
Interest Rate Based on | Tab | Tab | Tab | Tab | Tab | Tab | Tab | ||
WAIR (%) | 5.85% | 6.75% | 3.73% | 3.09% | 4.38% | 2.62% | 3.51% | ||
Due to related companies (UF) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7,456 | 7,456 | 6,894 | |
Interest Rate Based on | Tab+1.75% | Tab+1.75% | |||||||
WAIR (%) | 2.59% | 2.59% |
(1) WAIR = Weighted Average Interest Rate
Capital Expenditures
At the Annual Shareholders' Meeting held on April 27, 2004, the Investment and Financing Policy for the current year was approved. The policy includes that the Company's investment levels shall be at the levels necessary to maintain its business and operations.
The Company's capital expenditure plans amount to Ch$17,058 million for the period 2004 to 2006, and are broken down as follows:
Business Unit | 2004 | 2005-2006 | Total |
Wire and Cable | 1,337 | 4,648 | 5,984 |
Brass Mills | 605 | 1,412 | 2,017 |
Flexible Packaging | 2,418 | 5,858 | 8,276 |
Aluminum Profiles | 353 | 428 | 781 |
Total | 4,712 | 12,346 | 17,058 |
Wire and Cable Unit. The Company's expected investments for the Wire and Cable business unit include a total Ch$5,984 million over the next three years, including a new ERP system in Brazil and a new enameling plant to increase the production of magnetic wires in Brazil.
Brass Mills Unit. The Company's investment plans for the Brass Mills unit amount to Ch$2,017 million in order to improve efficiencies.
Flexible Packaging Unit. Planned capital expenditures for the Company's Flexible Packaging unit total Ch$8,276 million which includes a new polyethylene extrusion machine and several minor investments in order to improve product quality and process efficiency.
Aluminum Profiles Unit. Planned capital expenditures for the Aluminum unit amount to Ch$781 million and primarily include a new line to process 7.4 mt profiles.
The Company modifies its capital investment program on an ongoing basis due to changes in market conditions for the Company's products, changes in general economic conditions in Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Peru or elsewhere, changes in the prices of raw materials, interest rate changes, inflation and foreign exchange rate changes, competitive conditions and other factors. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will make any of the above-mentioned expenditures, and the actual amount of such future capital expenditures could be significantly more or less than planned.
If necessary, Madeco intends to provide or actively participate in obtaining financing (whether equity, debt or a combination thereof) to support the planned future capital expenditures and expansion of its principal businesses. The amounts and terms of any such debt or equity financing for Madeco will depend, among other things, on the terms and conditions of financing available to its businesses from third parties and international capital markets, as well as Madeco's ability to substantially and timely complete its refinancing plan.
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses
The Company does not own any patents, licenses to technology, copyright or other intellectual property, nor is it involved in any research and development. In addition, the Company has not spent any money on research and development during the three year period immediately preceding the date of this Annual Report.
Trends
In 2003, Madeco underwent a debt restructuring process and a capital increase. Proceeds obtained from the capital increase were used to reduce indebtedness and increase in working capital, resulting in a significant improvement in the Company's capital structure. In addition, Madeco has taken measures to improve the profitability of its production and commercial operations in its main markets. The Company believes that these steps will improve its results from operations. However, to date Madeco's results continue to be affected by a reduction in investment levels in the main markets in which it operates, and at this time it cannot be determined when or if a recovery of its main markets may occur.
Wire and Cables
In Chile the Company expects that growth in the industry will be driven by increased demand from the expansion of both highway infrastructure across the country and the subway network, which will be partially offset by the stagnation of demand within the mining industry due to the uncertainties provoked by the possibility of Chilean legal reform related to mining royalties. In Brazil the Company anticipates growth in the wire and cable industry size driven by an increase in aluminum cables (energy sector) demand. In Peru, the Company expects an increase of growth rates mainly due to the growth of telecom and building wire demand. For 2005, the Company expects certain levels of uncertainty in demand due to the Peruvian presidential elections at the beginning of 2006. In Argentina, the Company expects a slight recovery of its market share based on competitive pricing and a complete mix of products, despite the fact that there is an excess of installed capacity within the industry. Madeco is cur rently attempting to participate more actively in the commercialization of specialty cables, which are higher value added products, such as cables for industrial use and for the shipping industry.
PBS
In Chile, the Company expects for 2004 and 2005 an increase in demand for copper tubes in line with the growth of the country's GDP. Despite this, the Company expects the Chilean demand for copper bars to decrease significantly due to the inexistence of other major mining projects that in the previous period demanded significant quantities of copper bars. In Argentina, the Company expects the construction sector to continue its recovery as investments are focused on the construction market due to higher return rates on investments. In addition, the Company expects that the durable goods sector will also continue its recovery based on a competitive exchange rate where imports are substituted by local production.
Flexible Packaging
In the Chilean flexible packaging industry segment, management expects better results than in previous years; however, smaller companies have started to invest in flexographic machinery, which will cause an excess of installed capacity within this segment. In 2004, the Company will focus its growth expectations towards the export market. This is due to the development of new value added products, including more complex flexible packaging products where the Company can obtain higher margins due to lower levels of competition. The main objective markets are Ecuador, Mexico and the introduction of exports to the United States.
In Argentina, the Company expects the market to continue its recovery trend. Supermarket sales are expected to grow at slow rates but sectors where there are significant competitive advantages, such as, petfood and where local and foreign companies have started important growth plans in order to increase their production capacity will continue to show high growth rates.
Aluminum Profiles
Market conditions in this segment have improved externally and internally. The Company expects that this scenario will have a positive impact in growth during the second half of 2004. However, the Company believes that its market share will decrease in 2004 due to imports at marginal costs.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2003.
The following table sets out the current membership of the Board of Directors and each member's position on the Board, year of birth, year of initial election to the Board, and other directorships:
Director | Position | Born | First Elected | |
Guillermo Luksic Craig(1) (6) | Chairman | 1956 | 1984 | Chairman, Compañia Cervecerias Unidas S.A. Chairman, Compañia Telefonica del Sur S.A. Chairman, Quiñenco S.A. Director, Banco de Chile(2) Director, Empresas Luchetti S.A. |
Jean-Paul Luksic Fontbona(1) (6) | Vice-Chairman | 1964 | 1985 | Chairman, Compañia Minera El Tesoro S.A. Chairman, Minera Los Pelambres Ltda. Chairman, Minera Michilla S.A. Vice-Chairman, Antofagasta Plc. Vice-Chairman, Antofagasta Railway Company Plc. Director, Antofagasta Minerals S.A. Director, Quiñenco S.A. |
Andronico Luksic Craig(1) | Director | 1954 | 1980 | Vice-Chairman, Banco de Chile(3) Vice-Chairman, Quiñenco S.A. Director, Compañia Cervecerias Unidas S.A. Director, Empresas Luchetti S.A. |
Hernan Büchi Buc | Director | 1949 | 1994 | Chairman, Empresas Luchetti S.A. Director, Quiñenco S.A. Director, Soquimich S.A. Director, Falabella S.A. Director, Pilmaiquen S.A. Director, P y S S.A. Director, Alto Palermo S.A. Advisor, Compañia Cervecerias Unidas S.A. |
Alessandro Bizzarri Carvallo(4) | Director | 1961 | 2000 | Director, Agricola El Peñon S.A. Director, Editorial Trineo S.A. Director, Inversiones y Bosques S.A. CEO, Comatel S.A. |
Eugenio Valck Varas(4) (5) | Director | 1949 | 2001 | Director, Empresas Iansa S.A. Director (substituting), Entel S.A. Director, Cintac S.A. Director, VK Consultores S.A. |
Felipe Joannon Vergara(4) (6) | Director | 1959 | 2001 | Director (substituting), Entel S.A. Director, Habitaria S.A. Director, Hoteles Carrera S.A. |
Oscar Ruiz-Tagle Humeres(6) | Honorary Chairman | 1920 | 1970 | Chairman, Comatel S.A. |
(1)Guillermo Luksic Craig, Andronico Luksic Craig and Jean Paul Luksic Fontbona are brothers.
(2)Until December 31, 2001, Guillermo Luksic Craig was Vice-Chairman of Banco de Chile. In 2002, subsequent to the Banco Edwards merger with Banco de Chile, Mr. Guillermo Luksic Craig assumed a position as a director of the Board of Directors of the surviving entity, Banco de Chile.
(3) Until December 31, 2001, Andronico Luksic Craig was Chairman of Banco Edwards. In 2002, subsequent to the Banco Edwards merger with Banco de Chile, Mr. Andronico Luksic Craig assumed the position of Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of the surviving entity, Banco de Chile.
(4)The Company's Audit Committee includes Alessandro Bizzarri Carvallo, Felipe Joannon Vergara and Eugenio Valck Varas.
(5)Mr. Eugenio Valck Varas was elected as a new Director at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting held on April 24, 2001 and is independent from the controlling shareholder.
(6)Mr. Oscar Ruiz-Tagle Humeres resigned on July 24, 2001 and on that same day was nominated as an Honorary Chairman of the Board. Mr. Guillermo Luksic Craig was nominated as the new Chairman of the Board; in his replacement as Vice-Chairman, Mr. Jean Paul Luksic Fontbona was elected. In addition, Mr. Felipe Joannon Vergara was elected as a new Director. The entire Board of Directors was reelected at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting held on April 26, 2002, for a three-year period pursuant to the Company's bylaws.
Senior Management
On October 2002, the Board of Directors designated as Madeco's new Chief Executive Officer Mr. Tiberio Dall'Olio, an executive who has multiple years of experience in the cable manufacturing industry. Mr. Jorge Tagle was appointed as Madeco's new Chief Financial Officer and Mr. Julio Córdoba was named Madeco Chile's Director of Operations.
The following table sets out the current executive officers of the Company and each officer's position, the month and year since each officer holds the position and the month and year in which each officer joined the Company:
Executive Officers | Position | Position Held Since | Joined Madeco |
Tiberio Dall'Olio | Chief Executive Officer | Oct. 2002 | Oct. 2002 |
Jorge Tagle | Chief Financial Officer | Oct. 2002 | Oct. 2002 |
Hernan Zarama | Commercial Manager | Oct. 2002 | Oct. 2002 |
Enrique Sotomayor | Legal Counsel and Secretary of the Board(1) | Sep. 1974 | Sep. 1974 |
Julio Cordoba | Director of Operations Chile | Oct. 2002 | Oct. 2002 |
Giampiero Genesini | Director of Operations Brazil | Oct. 2002 | Oct. 2002 |
Marcelo Valdivia | Business Unit Manager: Flexible Packaging | Feb. 2002 | July 1986 |
Mario Puentes | Business Unit Manager: Aluminum Profiles | Oct. 1999 | Oct. 1999 |
(1) Enrique Sotomayor was named Secretary of the Board in November 1986.
Tiberio Dall'Olio (born 1937).Mr. Tiberio Dall'Olio has been the Company's Chief Executive Officer since October 2002. Previously he was the CEO of the Company between 1980-86. His additional work experience includes: Teleco Cables Italy (1991-2000), CCU (1986-90), Ceat General Cable (1968-1973), Ceat Italy Cables (1962-68) and Olivetti (1960-62). Mr. Dall'Olio received his law degree at the Padua University (Italy).
Jorge Tagle (born 1969). Mr. Jorge Tagle has served as Chief Financial Officer of Madeco S.A. since October 2002. His previous work experience includes: Quiñenco S.A. (1999-2002), Corpgroup (1998-1999), Citicorp (1994-1996) and Soquimich (1993-1994)..He received his degree in Civil Industrial Engineering from the University Catolica and his MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Enrique Sotomayor (born 1945). Mr. Enrique Sotomayor has served as legal counsel and secretary of the Board of Directors since 1982. Prior to joining Madeco, he practiced law at: Leonidas Montes Asociados (1967-69); Singer Sewing Machine Corp. (1970-3); and A.A.P. Ahorromet (1973-4). He received his law degree at the University of Chile.
Julio Cordoba (born 1947). Mr. Cordoba joined the Company in October 2002 and was appointed as Director of Operations in Chile. His previous work experience includes: Plasticos Ecologicos Ltda. (1999-2001), Aceros del Pacifico S.A. (1998), Lloreda Productores de Acero S.A. (1997), Cables de Energía y Telecomunicaciones S.A. (1992-96), Ceat General de Colombia S.A. (1984-92), Madeco S.A. (1980-83), Ceat General de Colombia S.A. (1974-79), Industrias Metálicas de Palmira S.A. (1971-73).
Giampiero Genesini (born 1941). Mr. Genesini has been the Company's Director of Operations in Brazil since October 2002. His principal previous work experience includes: Pirelli (1997-2000); Palazzo Cavi (1995-1997); Fercable (1991-1995); Teleco Cavi (1985-1990);Industrias Lora S.A. (1961-1984).
Marcelo Valdivia (born 1961).Mr. Marcelo Valdivia joined the Company in July 1986 and was appointed Business Unit Manager of the Flexible Packaging unit in February 2002. His prior work experience includes Polymer S.A. (1985-86). He received his degree in Civil Industrial Engineering from the University of Chile and his post-degree in Business Administration from the Adolfo Ibañez University.
Mario Puentes Lacamara (born 1948). Mr. Mario Puentes joined the Company in October 1999 as the Business Unit Manager for the Aluminum Profiles unit. His previous work experience includes: Compañia de Acero del Pacifico (1971-5); Oficina Consultora RFA Ingenieros Ltda. (1975-7); Forestal S.A. (1977-9); Watt's Alimentos S.A. (1979-81); Compañia Cervecerias Unidas S.A. (1981-7); Citibank N.A. (1987-89); and Vidrios Lirquen S.A. (1990-5). Immediately prior to joining the Company, Mr. Puentes worked for 4 years as an independent consultant (1995-9) in various industries. He received his degree in Civil Industrial Engineering from the University of Chile.
For the year ended December 31, 2003, the aggregate amount of compensation paid by the Company to all directors was Ch$103 million and to all executive officers was Ch$3,084 million. The Company does not disclose to its shareholders or otherwise make public information as to the compensation of its individual executive officers. The Company does not maintain any pension plans or retirement programs for its directors or executive officers.
On April 24, 2003, the Board granted each of Tiberio Dall'Olio, Julio Córdoba Zawadsky, Jorge Tagle Ovalle, Giampiero Genesini and Hernán Zarama Muñoz the option to purchase, 101,193,180 common shares, 20,238,636 common shares, 20,238,636 common shares, 20,238,636 common shares and 20,238,636 common shares, respectively, each at an exercise price of Ch$24 (the exercise price of the common shares in the aggregate equals the shares approved for this purpose as part of thecapital increase approved at the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting held on November 14, 2002), exercisable between September 30, 2004 and November 30, 2004.
Additionally, the Manager of the Aluminum Profiles business unit of the Company has a Performance Bond. The Manager shall be paid an amount according to the performance of Indalum at year end after deducting the aggregate amount of payments throughout the year (prepayment of Ch$2 million monthly installments).
Each year, the Board of Directors submits a proposal regarding compensation of its members to the shareholders, who generally approve the Board's proposal at the annual ordinary shareholders' meeting. The following table sets forth the total compensation paid by the Company and its subsidiaries to each director of the company for services rendered in 2003 in thousands of Chilean pesos:
Director | 2003 |
Guillermo Luksic Craig(1) | 1,879 |
Andronico Luksic Craig(1) | 749 |
Jean-Paul Luksic Fontbona(1) | 940 |
Hernan Büchi Buc | 20,219 |
Alessandro Bizzarri Carvallo | 6,473 |
Felipe Joannon Vergara | 9,485 |
Eugenio Valck Varas | 6,473 |
Oscar Ruiz-Tagle Humeres(2) | 57,080 |
Total | 103,298 |
- Guillermo Luksic Craig, Andronico Luksic Craig and Jean Paul Luksic Fontbona are brothers.
- Mr. Oscar Ruiz-Tagle Humeres resigned on July 24, 2001 and on that same day was nominated as an Honorary Chairman of the Board.
Director's Service Contracts
The current term of office for each director expires in 2005. There are no service contracts among any of the directors and Madeco S.A. providing for benefits upon termination of employment.
Audit Committee
According to Chilean Corporations Law, the boards of directors of corporations whose market capitalization reaches or exceeds UF1.5 million (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$39.9 million) shall designate an audit committee (the "Audit Committee"). If the market capitalization falls below this threshold, there is no obligation to designate an Audit Committee. However, corporations which do not reach the threshold may voluntarily assume Audit Committee obligations, in which case they shall strictly follow the provisions of the Law.
The Audit Committee, as defined and mandated under the Chilean Corporations Act, does not satisfy the Audit Committee requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and certain additional requirements under NYSE Rule 303A, with which the Company will be required to comply by July 31, 2005.
The Audit Committee shall have the following powers and duties:
- to examine the independent accountants' reports, the balance sheets, and other financial statements submitted by the corporation's managers or liquidators to the shareholders, and issue an opinion about them prior to their submission for shareholder approval;
- to propose to the Board of Directors the independent accountants and the risk rating agencies, which the Board must then propose to the shareholders. Should the Board disagree with the Audit Committee's proposal, the Board shall be entitled to make its own proposal, submitting both to the shareholders for their consideration;
- to examine the documentation concerning (i) contracts or agreements in which directors have an interest and (ii) transactions between related or affiliated companies, and to produce a written report on such documentation. A copy of the report shall be delivered to the Chairman of the Board, who shall read it at the Board meeting in which the relevant transaction is presented for approval or rejection;
- to examine the managers' and chief executives' remuneration policies and compensation plans; and
- all other matters contemplated in the Company's bylaws or entrusted to the Audit Committee by a shareholders' meeting or the Board of Directors.
For purposes of the related party transactions mentioned above, the following entities and/or persons are considered by the Securities Market Law and the Chilean Corporations Law to be related to a company:
- any entities within the financial conglomerate to which the Companybelongs;
- corporate entities that have, with respect to the Company, the character of parent company, affiliated company, subsidiary or related company. Parent companies are those that control directly or indirectly more than 50% of the subsidiary's voting stock (or participations, in the case of business organizations other than stock companies), or that may otherwise elect or appoint, or cause the election or appointment, of the majority of the directors or officers. Limited partnerships (sociedades en comandita) may likewise be affiliates of a corporation, whenever the latter has the power to direct or guide the administration of the general partner (gestor) thereof. Related companies are those that, without actually controlling the affiliate, own directly or indirectly 10% or more of the affiliate's voting stock (or participations, in the case of business organizations other than stock companies), or that may otherwise elect or appoint, or cause the election or appointment of at least one boar d member or manager;
- persons who are directors, managers, administrators or liquidators of the Company, and their spouses or their close relatives (i.e., parents, father/mother in law, sisters, brothers, sisters/brothers in law); and
- any person who, whether acting alone or in agreement with others, may appoint at least one member of the management of the Company or controls 10% or more of the capital of the Company.
In addition, the ChileanSuperintendencia de Valores y Seguros (Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, or "SVS") may create a presumption that any individual or corporate entity is related with a company if, because of relationships of equity, administration, kinship, responsibility or subordination, the person:
- whether acting alone or in agreement with others, has sufficient voting power to influence the company's management;
- creates conflicts of interest in doing business with the Company;
- in the case of a corporate entity, is influenced in its management by the Company; or
- holds an employment or position which affords the person access to non-public information about the company and its business, which renders the person capable of influencing the value of the company's securities.
However, a person shall not be considered to be related to a company by the mere fact of owning up to 5% of the company, or if the person is only an employee of the company without managerial responsibilities.
The Audit Committee's discussions, agreements, and organization are regulated, in every applicable matter, by the Chilean Corporations Law provisions relating to board of directors' meetings. The Audit Committee shall inform the Board of Directors about the manner in which it will request information and about its resolutions.
In addition to the general liabilities imputable to any director, the directors that compose the Audit Committee shall, in the exercise of their duties, be jointly and severally liable for any damage caused to the corporation or the shareholders.
The Audit Committee shall be composed of three members, the majority of which shall be independent. Independent directors are those that would have been elected even if the votes cast in the director's favor by the controlling shareholder and its related persons had not been counted. However, a majority of directors related to the controlling shareholder is permissible if there is an insufficient number of independent directors. Should there be more than three directors entitled to participate in the Audit Committee, the Board of Directors shall elect the members of the Audit Committee by unanimous vote. Should the Board fail to reach an agreement, the matter shall be decided by drawing. The Company's Audit Committee is composed of Messrs. Felipe Joannon, Alessandro Bizzarri and Eugenio Valck, the first two of which are appointed with the controlling shareholder's votes with the latter being an independent director.
The members of the Audit Committee shall be remunerated. The amount of such remuneration shall be established annually by the shareholders, taking into consideration the duties that the Audit Committee members shall perform. The remuneration of the members of the Company's Audit Committee is UF15 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$399) per Audit Committee meeting.
The shareholders shall determine the budget of the Audit Committee and those of its advisors, and the Audit Committee shall be allowed to request the recruitment of professionals to fulfill its duties, within the limits imposed by the budget. The activities of the Audit Committee and its expenses, including its advisors', shall be included in the annual report and conveyed to the shareholders. The budget of the Company's Audit Committee and its advisors is UF2,000 per year (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$53,263).
General Summary Of Significant Differences With Regard To Corporate Government Standards.
The following paragraphs provide a brief, general summary of significant differences between corporate government practices followed by Madeco pursuant to its home-country rules and those applicable to U.S. domestic issuers under New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") listing standards.
Composition of the board of directors; independence. The NYSE listing standards provide that listed companies must have a majority of independent directors and that certain board committees must consist solely of independent directors. Under NYSE rule 303A.02, a director qualifies as independent only if the board affirmatively determines that such director has no material relationship with the company, either directly or indirectly. In addition, the NYSE listing standards enumerate a number of relationships that preclude independence.
Under Chilean law there is no legal obligation to have independent directors. However, Chilean law establishes a number of principles of general applicability designed to avoid conflicts of interests and to establish standards for related party transactions. Specifically, directors elected by a group or class of shareholders have the same duties to the company and to the other shareholders as the rest of the directors, and all transactions with the company in which a director has interest, either personally (which includes the director's spouse and certain relatives) or as a representative of a third party, require prior approval by the board of directors and must be entered into on market terms and conditions. Furthermore, such transactions must be reviewed by the Directors' Committee (as defined below) and disclosed at the next meeting of shareholders. Pursuant to NYSE rule 303A.00, Madeco may follow Chilean practices and is not required to have a majority of independent directors.
Committees. The NYSE listing standards require that listed companies have a Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee, a Compensation Committee and an Audit Committee. Each of these committees must consist solely of independent directors and must have a written charter that addresses certain matters specified by the listing standards.
Under Chilean law, the only board committee that is required is the Audit Committee, composed of three members, such committee having a direct responsibility to (a) review the company's financial statements and the independent auditors' report and issue an opinion on such financial statements and report prior to their submission for shareholders' approval, (b) make recommendations to the board of directors with respect to the appointment of independent auditors and risk rating agencies, (c) review transactions in which directors have an interest and transactions between affiliated companies, and issue a report on such transactions, (d) review the Chief Executive Officer's ("CEO") and principal executive officers, compensation policies and plans and (e) perform other duties as defined by the company's charter, by the general shareholders' meeting or by the board. A director who is a member of the Audit Committee is "independent" if, subtracting the votes of the controlling shareholder and its affiliates from the total number of votes given in favor of such director, he or she would have been nevertheless elected. Directors elected with the votes of the controlling shareholder and its affiliates may constitute the majority of the Audit Committee if there are not enough independent directors on the board.
However, pursuant to NYSE Rule 303A.06, Madeco must have an audit committee that satisfies the requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the additional requirements under NYSE Rule 303A by July 31, 2005. Therefore, the company must establish an independent audit committee and a written audit committee charter addressing the audit committee's purpose and responsibilities by July 31, 2005.
Shareholder approval of equity-compensation plans. Under NYSE listing standards, shareholders must be given the opportunity to vote on all equity-compensation plans and material revisions thereto, with limited exemptions. An "equity-compensation plan" is a plan or other arrangement that provides for the delivery of equity securities of the listed company to any employee, director or other service provider as compensation for services.
Under Chilean law, if previously approved at an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, up to ten percent of a capital increase in a publicly traded company may be set aside to fund equity-compensation plans for the company's employees and/or for the employees of the company's subsidiaries. Pursuant to NYSE rule 303A.00, as a foreign issuer, Madeco may follow Chilean practices and is not required to comply with the NYSE listing standards with respect to shareholder approval of equity-compensation plans.
Corporate Governance Guidelines. The NYSE listing standards provide that listed companies must adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines with regard to (a) director qualifications standards; (b) director responsibilities; (c) director access to management and independent advisors; (d) director compensation; (e) director orientation and continuing education; (f) management succession; and (g) annual performance evaluation of the board.
Chilean law does not require that such corporate governance guidelines be adopted. Director responsibilities and access to management and independent advisors are directly provided for by applicable law. Director compensation is approved by the annual meeting of shareholders pursuant to applicable law. As a foreign issuer, Madeco may follow Chilean practices and is not required to adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The NYSE listing standards require that listed companies adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for directors or executive officers.
Madeco has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies generally to all of its executive officers and employees. A copy of the code of ethics is filed as an exhibit to this annual report.
Executive Sessions. To empower non-management directors to serve as a more effective check on management, NYSE listing standards provide that non-management directors of each company must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management.
Under Chilean law, the office of director is not legally compatible with that of a company officer in publicly traded companies. The board of directors exercises its functions as a collective body and may partially delegate its powers to executive officers, attorneys, a director or a board commission of the company, and for specific purposes to other persons. As a foreign issuer, Madeco may follow Chilean practices and is not required to comply with the NYSE listing standard for executive sessions.
Certification Requirements. Under the NYSE listing standards, Section 303A.12(a) requires that each listed company CEO must certify to the NYSE each year that he or she is not aware of any violation by the company of NYSE corporate governance listing standards and Section 303A.12(b) requires that each listed company CEO must promptly notify the NYSE in writing after any executive officer of the listed company becomes aware of any material non-compliance with any applicable provisions of Section 303A.
As a foreign private issuer, Madeco is required to comply with Section 303A.12(b), but is not required to comply with the certification requirements set forth in Section 303A.12(a).
Employees
The following table breaks down the Company's total number of employees by country at December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 as well as at March 31, 2004:
Total Number of Employees | ||||
Country | Dec 31, 2001 | Dec 31, 2002 | Dec 31, 2003* | March 31, 2004 |
Chile | 1,919 | 1,696 | 1,705 | 1,777 |
Brazil | 735 | 648 | 516 | 527 |
Peru | 241 | 253 | 255 | 274 |
Argentina | 397 | 175 | 233 | 254 |
Bolivia | 20 | 16 | 16 | 13 |
Uruguay | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 3,315 | 2,788 | 2,725 | 2,845 |
* Figures differed from the Company's annual report due to the exclusion of Optel's figures
At December 31, 2003, a total of 1,192 employees, or 43.7% of the Company's total workforce, were represented by labor unions, which represent their members in collective bargaining negotiations with the Company. Additionally, the Company had a total of 375 temporary employees who were hired for specific time periods to satisfied short-term needs. Management's relationship with the labor unions representing our employees is generally good.
Between December 31, 2001 and March 31, 2004, the Company reduced its total workforce 14.2%, or by 470 persons. During the 1999 - 2003 period, the Company implemented a series of restructuring measures in response to the continued unfavorable economic conditions within the region. As a consequence of Argentina's deep economic recession, in early 2002, the Company closed the production operations of its Argentine subsidiary Decker-Indelqui. Also in 2002, the Company made the strategic decision to focus solely on the fabrication of aluminum profiles and exit the complementary curtain wall business segment. In August 2002, it was decided to restructure some administrative patterns in the Company's Armat subsidiary in order to improve the productivity in those subsidiaries. As part of this plan, as of January 2003, Madeco Chile is in charge of the administrative tasks of the coin blank producer subsidiary. From August 2002 to April 30, 2003, the employees were reduced by 45 people, equal to 22.2% of to tal workforce. In 2004 the investing company in charge of the production of optical fiber due to a negative ruling decreased its personnel in 50% for the period December 2003 to March 2004. To date there are only 13 employees both in Chile and Argentina.
The Company does not maintain any pension fund or retirement program for its employees and has no liability for the performance of governmental pension plans or any governmental pension payments to employees.
The following tables and discussion provide further information regarding the Company's total human resources by business unit at December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 as well as at March 31, 2004:
Executives | Professionals | Employees | Total | |
December 31, 2001 | ||||
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills | 39 | 279 | 1,898 | 2,216 |
Flexible Packaging | 11 | 33 | 574 | 618 |
Aluminum Profiles | 11 | 73 | 397 | 481 |
Madeco Consolidated | 61 | 385 | 2,869 | 3,315 |
December 31, 2002 | ||||
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills | 35 | 264 | 1,534 | 1,833 |
Flexible Packaging | 9 | 31 | 552 | 592 |
Aluminum Profiles | 8 | 36 | 319 | 363 |
Madeco Consolidated | 52 | 331 | 2,405 | 2,788 |
December 31, 2003 | ||||
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills | 23 | 231 | 1,609 | 1,863 |
Flexible Packaging | 9 | 30 | 551 | 590 |
Aluminum Profiles | 8 | 30 | 234 | 272 |
Madeco Consolidated | 40 | 291 | 2,394 | 2,725 |
March 31, 2004 | ||||
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills | 23 | 235 | 1,670 | 1,928 |
Flexible Packaging | 9 | 30 | 550 | 589 |
Aluminum Profiles | 8 | 31 | 289 | 328 |
Madeco Consolidated | 40 | 296 | 2,509 | 2,845 |
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills. The following table sets forth the Company's human resources at December 31, 2003 for the Wire and Cable and Brass Mills business units. The employees are broken down by employee category and country.
Wire and Cable and Brass Mills Units: Employees at December 31, 2003 | ||||
Executives | Professionals | Employees | Total | |
Chile | 14 | 136 | 870 | 1,020 |
Brazil | 3 | 61 | 452 | 516 |
Peru | 4 | 31 | 220 | 255 |
Argentina | 2 | 3 | 67 | 72 |
Total | 23 | 231 | 1,609 | 1,863 |
In Chile, the Company had 1,020 permanent employees; in addition, it had 81 temporary employees. A total of 633 employees were represented by six labor unions. In 2001, Madeco-Chile and Armat entered into three-year collective bargaining agreements with their respective unions. The last work stoppage in Madeco-Chile was in February 1993 and lasted 10 days. Armat's last work stoppage was in 1991 and lasted 12 days.
In Brazil, the Company had 516 permanent employees, of which 172 were represented by two labor unions,Metalurgicos do Rio de Janeiro and Metalurgicos de Campinas. Collective bargaining in Brazil is done on a statewide basis rather than on an industry-wide basis or on a company-by-company basis. Each year, the unions negotiate with their respective municipal governments to reach an agreement. In 2003, the Company hire 40 temporary employees. The Company's last work stoppage in Brazil was in October 1997, lasting four days and involving 54 employees; currently, the Company considers its relations with all its employees to be good.
In Peru, the Company had 255 permanent employees and the Company also had 37 temporary employees in 2003. In April 2000, the Peruvian operation's labor union was dissolved due to the good relationship between the Company and its employees. The Company has experienced no strikes in Peru since 1993.
In Argentina, the Company had 72 permanent employees and did not hire any temporary employee. A total of one employee was represented by one labor union. In Argentina, there have been several work stoppages since the Company's acquisition of Indelqui in 1990 but were due to strikes called by nation-wide labor federations and were unrelated to conditions at the Company's operations. The last work stoppage was in 1999 and involved 301 employees.
Flexible Packaging. The following table sets forth the Company's human resources at December 31, 2003 for the Flexible Packaging unit. The employees are broken down by employee category and country.
Flexible Packaging Unit: Employees at December 31, 2003 | ||||
Executives | Professionals | Employees | Total | |
Chile | 7 | 22 | 400 | 429 |
Argentina | 2 | 8 | 151 | 161 |
Total | 9 | 30 | 551 | 590 |
In Chile, the Company had 429 permanent employees and 150 temporary employees. A total of 240 employees were represented by four labor unions. In 2003, the Company entered into a three-year collective bargaining agreement with the four unions. The last work stoppage was in August 1998, lasting 20 days and involving 130 employees.
In Argentina, the Company had 161 permanent employees and 9 temporary employees. In 2003, the Company did not have unionized employees.
Aluminum Profiles. The following table sets forth the Company's human resources at December 31, 2003 for the Aluminum Profiles unit. The employees are broken down by employee category and country.
Aluminum Unit: Employees at December 31, 2003 | ||||
Executives | Professionals | Employees | Total | |
Chile | 7 | 28 | 221 | 256 |
Bolivia | 1 | 2 | 13 | 16 |
Total | 8 | 30 | 234 | 272 |
The Aluminum Profilesdivision had 256 permanent employees in Chile and 16 employees in Bolivia. Moreover, the Company had 58 temporary Chilean employees. In Chile, a total of 143 employees were represented by two unions; the Company's current collective bargaining agreement is in effect from May 2002 for a two-year period. The last work stoppage was in October 1999, lasting 10 days and involving 131 employees.
Indemnities
In Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina all employees who are terminated for reasons other than misconduct are entitled by law to receive a severance payment.
In Chile, all employees who are terminated for reasons other than misconduct are entitled by law to receive a severance payment. After the completion of six months' employment with the Company, permanent employees are entitled to one month's salary for each year worked (and if less than six months, a portion of salary for that time), subject to a total payment of no more than 11 months' salary. The Company's employees who are subject to collective bargaining agreements also receive a payment of a portion of one month's salary for each full year worked. The collective bargaining agreement does not contain a limitation on the total amount payable, but does limit the total number of employees who can claim the severance benefit during any year.
In Brazil, permanent employees are entitled to a percentage of their salary based on the number of months worked, as well as a payment of 1.33 times the employee's salary in case of any pending vacations and a payment of 40% of the amount the employee has contributed to theFondo Guarantia Por Tiempo Servicio (Guaranteed Funds for Service Time, or "FGTS").
In Peru, permanent employees are entitled to one and a half-month's salary for each year they have worked, with a limit for total payment of no more than 12 months' salary.
In Argentina, permanent employees are entitled to one month's salary for each year they have worked with a limit established by the Ministry of Labor.
Pension Plans
Workers in Chile are subject to a national pension fund law which establishes a system of independent pension plans, administered byAdministradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (Pension Fund Administrators, or "AFPs"). The Company has no liability for the performance of the pension plans or any pension payments to be made to the employees.
Employees in Brazil, who retire receive a government payment both from FGTS and from theInstituto Nacional de Seguridad Social(National Institute of Social Security). The Company has no liability for the performance of the pension plans or any pension payments to be made to the employees.
Workers in Peru are subject to a national pension fund law, which establishes a system of independent pension plans administered by AFPs. The Company has no liability for the performance of the pension plans or any pension payments to be made to the employees.
Workers in Argentina are subject to a national pension fund law that establishes a system of independent pension plans administered byAdministradoras de Fondos de Jubilaciones y Pensiones (Pension and Retirement Fund Administrators, or "AFJPs"). The Company has no liability for the performance of the pension plans or any pension payments to be made to the employees.
With respect to directors and senior management, information concerning their share ownership in the Company is addressed in "Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions".
The only compensation program is the one detailed above in "-Compensation". The Company does not have any other stock option or other programs involving our employees in the capital of the Company.
Madeco's only outstanding voting securities are its shares of Common Stock. The following table sets forth certain information concerning ownership of Madeco's Common Stock as of May 31, 2004 with respect to each shareholder known to Madeco to own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and with respect to the percentage of Madeco's Common Stock owned by all directors and executive officers of Madeco as a group:
Shareholder | Number of | % Ownership |
Quiñenco S.A. and related parties(1) | 2,275,267,133 | 55.22% |
Bolsa Electronica de Chile Bolsa de Valores | 484,416,368 | 11.76% |
Banchile Corredores de Bolsa | 318,582,347 | 7.73% |
Directors, Executive Officers and related parties as a group(2) | 2,813,800 | 0.068% |
(1)Madeco S.A. is controlled by the open stock corporation Quiñenco S.A. (NYSE:LQ), which is indirectly controlled by members of the Luksic family. Quiñenco S.A. directly owns 48.2485% (1,987,880,493 shares) of the Common Stock of Madeco S.A., and indirectly owns 6.9746% (287,359,836 shares) through Inversiones Rio Grande. In total, Quiñenco directly and indirectly owns 55.2231% (2,275,240,329 shares). Additionally, shares of Madeco's Common Stock are held by two related entities: 18,286 shares (0.0004%) are owned by Inversiones Consolidadas Ltda., which is related to Andronico Luksic Craig and his family, and 5,398 shares (0.0001%) are owned by Inversiones Carahue S.A, which is related to Paola Luksic Fontbona. Shares of Madeco's Common Stock are also held by natural persons who are members of the Luksic family: 3,010 shares (0.00007%) are owned by Andronico Luksic Abaroa and 110 shares (0.000003%) are owned by Nicolas Luksic Puga. The total ownership, combining Q uiñenco's direct and indirect holdings as well as the holdings of related entities and Luksic family members, is 55.2237% (2,275,267,133 shares).
(2) Excludes the 2,275,267,133 shares owned directly and indirectly by Quiñenco S.A as well as the other aforementioned investment entities related to the Luksic family and Luksic family members.
As of the date of this Annual Report, members of the Luksic Group, which consists of Mr. Andrónico Luksic Sr. and his sons, Andrónico Luksic Craig, Guillermo Luksic Craig and Jean Paul Luksic Fontbona, beneficially own approximately 82.4% of the outstanding shares of common stock, without par values of Quiñenco and thereby control the Company. Guillermo Luksic, Andrónico Luksic and Jean Paul Luksic are all directors on the Company's Board of Directors.
Control by the Luksic Group is exercised through the Luksic Group's control of Inversiones Antofagasta Ltda., Ruana Copper A.G. Agencia Chile, Inversiones Consolidadas S.A., Sociedad Inmobiliaria y de Inversiones Río Claro Ltda. and Inversiones Salta S.A. (collectively, the "Principal Shareholders"), which are the Luksic Group companies that hold shares of Quiñenco. Although there are no formal agreements as to the voting or disposition of shares known to Madeco, Madeco believes that the members of the Luksic Group generally consult with each other regarding actions to be taken by shareholders of Madeco. Consequently, the Luksic Group has the power to elect a majority of the Company's directors and to determine the outcome of substantially all matters to be decided by a vote of shareholders.
The Company's shareholders have identical voting rights. To the knowledge of the Company, there are no arrangements the operation of which may result in a change in control of the Company.
Madeco's majority shareholder is Quiñenco S.A., which, through its direct and indirect interests in the Company, beneficially owns an aggregate of 55.22% of the outstanding shares (2,275,240,329 shares) of Common Stock. Six members of the Company's Board of Directors are representatives of the Quiñenco Group, including the Chairman of the Board. In April 2001, the Company increased its board from six to seven members; the new director represents the minority shareholders. The entire Board of Directors was reelected at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting held on April 26, 2002, for a three-year period pursuant to the Company's bylaws.
The following table shows the total number of shares authorized and paid as of December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
Common Stock (number of shares authorized and paid) | 386,000,000 | 405,511,028 | 4,120,088,408 |
The following table includes each of the Company's shareholders that had an ownership interest exceeding 1.0% at December 31, for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, demonstrating the significant changes in ownership percentages during the past three years:
Shareholder | December 31, 2001 | December 31, 2002 | December 31, 2003 | |||
Quiñenco S.A. | 216,586,608 | 56.11% | 216,626,195 | 53.42% | 2,275,124,453 | 55.22% |
Bolsa Electrónica de Chile Bolsa de Valores | 551,516 | 0.14% | 4,009,134 | 0.99% | 365,839,732 | 8.88% |
Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | 5,142,183 | 1.33% | 14,316,962 | 3.53% | 238,905,148 | 5.80% |
The Bank of New York | 22,323,830 | 5.78% | 11,967,330 | 2.95% | 143,913,630 | 3.49% |
Bolsa de Comercio de Santiago Bolsa de Valores | 3,006,231 | 0.78% | 4,883,687 | 1.20% | 101,931,074 | 2.47% |
A.F.P. Provida S.A. | 14,699,223 | 3.81% | 11,521,748 | 2.84% | 97,119,432 | 2.36% |
A.F.P. Santa Maria S.A. | 7,105,547 | 1.84% | 7,105,547 | 1.75% | 87,618,279 | 2.13% |
Celfin Gardeweg S.A. Corredores de Bolsa | 2,619,645 | 0.68% | 10,870,790 | 2.68% | 75,452,187 | 1.83% |
Larrain Vial S.A. Corredores de Bolsa | 5,831,865 | 1.51% | 9,578,602 | 2.36% | 52,260,708 | 1.27% |
Corp Corredores de Bolsa | 827,538 | 0.21% | 4,554,907 | 1.12% | 27,013,965 | 0.66% |
Santiago Corredores de Bolsa Ltda. | 826,994 | 0.21% | 4,314,577 | 1.06% | 21,476,284 | 0.52% |
Inversiones Almeria S.A. | 5,235,753 | 1.36% | 5,235,753 | 1.29% | 5,235,753 | 0.13% |
A.F.P. Cuprum S.A. | 6,037,698 | 1.56% | N/A | N/A | 1,155,336 | 0.03% |
Compass Group Chile S.A. | 4,304,251 | 1.12% | 4,940,743 | 1.22% | N/A | N/A |
A.F.P. Habitat S.A. | 9,817,026 | 2.54% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Others | 81,635,608 | 21.15% | 99,594,187 | 24.56% | 627,042,427 | 15.22% |
On March 31, 2003, the Company completed its financial restructuring process. The process included a capital increase and a refinancing plan with the Company banks creditors. See "Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - The Company's Compliance with Financial Covenants and its Refinancing Plan" for further information about the said capital increase.
As of May 31, 2004, The Bank of New York, as depositary for Madeco's ADS facility, was the record owner of 86,542,630 shares of Common Stock in the form of 865,426 ADSs. These ADSs represented 2.10% of the total number of issued and outstanding shares at such date. The ADSs are issued pursuant to a deposit agreement dated June 7, 1993, as amended (the "Depositary Agreement"), among the Company, the Bank of New York as depositary (the "Depositary") and the holders from time to time of the American Depositary Receipts ("ADSs") evidencing the ADSs issued pursuant to the Depositary Agreement. It is not practicable for Madeco to determine the portion of its common stock or ADSs beneficially owned by U.S. persons.
Related Party Transactions
Under the Chilean Corporations Law, a corporation may not enter into a contract or agreement in which a director has a direct or indirect interest without prior approval by the Board of Directors, and only if the terms of the conflicting interest transaction are similar to those of an arm's length transaction.
The Board of Directors' Audit Committee is required by Chilean law to examine all documentation concerning (i) contracts or agreements in which directors have an interest and (ii) transactions between related or affiliated companies, and report their findings at the Board of Director meetings. For further discussion regarding Chilean law as it pertains to the Audit Committee's responsibilities and regulations regarding related party transactions, see "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - Board Practices - Audit Committee".
If the conflicting interest transaction involves a "material amount," the Board of Directors is required to produce a statement declaring in advance that the conflicting interest transaction is similar in its terms to an arm's length transaction. A conflicting interest transaction is deemed to involve a "material amount" if the amount involved is both greater than UF2,000 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$53,263) and exceeds 1% of the consolidated assets of the corporation, or if the amount exceeds UF20,000 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$532,631) regardless of the size of the corporation.
If the Board of Directors believes that it is not possible to ascertain whether the conflicting interest transaction is similar to an arm's length transaction, it may approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction, or appoint independent advisors to make such a determination, in all these cases, with the exclusion of the interested directors. If the Board appoints independent advisors, the report prepared by the advisors must be made available to the shareholders and the Board of Directors for 20 business days from the date the report was received from the independent advisors. The shareholders must be notified in writing of the receipt of the report. After this period the Board may approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction, but the Board is not required to follow the independent advisors' conclusion. The Board may treat the conflicting interest transaction and the report as confidential information. Shareholders representing at least a 5% of the voting shares of the Company may r equest the Board call a shareholders' meeting in order to approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction by a two-thirds majority of the outstanding voting shares.
All decisions adopted by the Board in respect of the conflicting interest transaction must be reported at the following shareholders' meeting. The controller of the corporation or the related party which intends to enter into the conflicting interest transaction shall make available to the Board of Directors, at the time the transaction is being considered by the Board, all information relating to the transaction filed with any non-Chilean regulatory entities or stock exchanges.
If a suit for damages arises from such a transaction, the defendant (i.e., one or more directors, the controller, a related party, or all of them) bears the burden of proof that the transaction was equally as or more beneficial to the corporation than an arm's length transaction, unless the conflicting interest transaction was previously approved by the shareholders.
In the ordinary course of its business, the Company engages in a variety of transactions with affiliates of Madeco. Financial information concerning these transactions during the last three years is set forth in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company believes that it has complied with the requirements of Article 89 and Article 44 in all transactions with related parties.
Although the Company generally does not provide or receive long-term debt financing to or from other entities within Madeco (except in connection with bank loans on arm's length terms in the ordinary course of business from the Company's former banks), the Company has occasionally in the past and expects in the future to advance funds and receive advances of funds from other companies under the common control of the Quiñenco Group where required to meet short-term liquidity requirements. These loans have been on a short-term unsecured basis at market rates of interest and, in the case of loans made by the Company to affiliated companies, require the prior approval of Madeco's Board of Directors pursuant to the requirements of the Chilean Corporations Law relating to open stock corporations such as Madeco. The outstanding amounts of such loans made by the Company to affiliated companies during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 were not material to Madeco, individually or in the aggr egate. In addition, the Company has from time to time in the past made loans and advances to affiliated companies and to strategic investors and their affiliates to provide financing resources in connection with acquisitions of assets and other transactions. Such loans and advances have generally been made on a secured basis at market rates of interest. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company also provides goods and services in commercial transactions in the ordinary course of business to affiliated companies. In connection with such transactions, the Company from time to time extends unsecured credit on terms substantially similar to those available to other customers purchasing goods and services in similar quantities.
Except for the transaction described below, none of the transactions carried out during 2001, 2002 and 2003 between the Company and related parties were deemed to have been material to the Company and/or to the related party.
In December 2000, the Company signed a loan agreement with Quiñenco S.A. for an amount totaling UF355,790 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$9.5 million). In October 2002, the Company signed a new loan agreement with Quiñenco for an amount totaling UF84,879 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$2.3 million). The total amount outstanding as of December 31, 2003 was Ch$7,519 million. The loan has an annual interest rate equivalent to thetasa activa bancaria (Chilean inter-bank rate, or "TAB") plus 1.75%. As part of the restructuring of its financial obligations, Madeco S.A. refinanced the debt with Quiñenco S.A., changing the capital payment from April 2003 to March 2010.
Interests of Experts and Counsel
Not applicable
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
Identification of Financial Statements and Other Financial Information
See "Item 18. Financial Statements"
The tables below show export sales from each of the Company's business units and their division components, in tons and in revenues. In each case, sales are also shown as a percentage of the total for the corresponding division or business unit:
Export(1) Volume Sales | ||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
Volume | % total | Volume | % total | Volume | % total | |
Metallic Cable (in tons(2)) | 15,013 | 19.8% | 12,976 | 21.5% | 10,271 | 19.1% |
Optical Fiber Cable (in kms) | 49,046 | 8.8% | 59,799 | 91.4% | 0 | 0.0% |
Wire and Cable (in equivalent tons)(3) | 16,128 | 18.2% | 14,335 | 23.2% | 10,271 | 19.1% |
Pipes Bars and Sheets (in tons) | 19,236 | 59.8% | 16,164 | 62.7% | 15,923 | 58.2% |
Coins (in tons) | 4,653 | 99.2% | 3,490 | 97.4% | 2,914 | 97.6% |
Brass Mills(in tons) | 23,889 | 64.9% | 19,654 | 67.0% | 18,837 | 62.1% |
Flexible Packaging(in tons) | 888 | 6.3% | 1,371 | 9.9% | 1,730 | 11.8% |
Aluminum Profiles(in tons) | 1 | 0.0% | 74 | 0.7% | 0 | 0.0% |
Total (in equivalent tons) | 40,900 | 27.3% | 35,434 | 30.8% | 30,838 | 28.2% |
Export(1) Revenues | |||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
Ch$ million | % total | Ch$ million | % total | Ch$ million | % total | ||
Metallic Cable | 19,920 | 12.2% | 18,138 | 13.9% | 14,217 | 12.9% | |
Optical Fiber Cable | 2,924 | 8.4% | 1,872 | 84.0% | 0 | 0.0% | |
Total Wire and Cable | 22,836 | 11.5% | 20,010 | 15.1% | 14,217 | 12.9% | |
Pipes Bars and Sheets | 30,939 | 53.0% | 25,963 | 55.3% | 25,852 | 52.4% | |
Coins | 13,035 | 92.4% | 8,886 | 87.6% | 6,171 | 90.8% | |
Brass Mills | 43,974 | 60.6% | 34,849 | 61.0% | 32,023 | 57.0% | |
Flexible Packaging | 3,245 | 7.4% | 4,418 | 10.8% | 5,062 | 12.1% | |
Aluminum Profiles | 590 | 2.0% | 1,400 | 4.9% | 1,118 | 3.8% | |
Total | 70,645 | 20.5% | 60,677 | 23.4% | 52,420 | 22.1% |
(1) Exports for the Metallic cables consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile, Brazil, Peru and Argentina. Exports for the Optical Fiber cables consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Brazil and Argentina. Exports for the PBS division of the Brass Mills unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile or Argentina. Exports for the Coins division of the Brass Mills unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile. Exports for the Flexible Packaging unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile or Argentina. Exports for the Aluminum unit consist of all sales to customers in any country other than Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay and Argentina. For the description of volume sales measurement for metallic cable see footnote (2).
(2) Volume sales for the Wire and Cable unit include only metal. Figures presented above differ from those presented in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2002 as a result of a change in measuring volume sales. While volume sale calculations previously included metal and insulating materials, the Company is now including only metal used in the production of its wire and cable products.
(3) Total volume sales for the Wire and Cable unit includes sales of both metallic and optical fiber cable products. Optical fiber volume sales have been converted to tons, using the conversion rate: 1 ton = 44 kms.
Wire and Cable. In 2003, export sales for the Wire and Cable unit amounted to 10,271 equivalent tons, or 19.1% of the unit's volume sales. In revenue terms, exports amounted to Ch$14,217 million, representing 12.9% of the unit's total revenues. Export products primarily included copper wire rod, copper energy cables, building wire and copper telecom cable, all of which were destined principally to other Latin American countries, USA and Mexico.
PBS. In 2003, exports of the PBS division of the Brass Mills unit amounted to 15,923 tons, or 58.2% of total volume sales. Export volumes decreased as a percentage of the total volume sale from 62.7% in 2002 to 58.2% in 2003, as the Company installed capacity is mainly used to satisfy local demand which is more profitable than export sales. Export revenues as a percentage of the PBS division's total revenues amounted to 53.0%, 55.3% and 52.4% for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. Many of the Company's pipe, bar and sheet products meet the highest international quality standards and its customers include large multinational companies in Europe, the United States and other Latin American countries.
Coins. In 2003, export volume sales amounted to 2,914 tons and represented 97.6% of the coins division's total volume sales. The coins division's principal customers are central banks and coin mints around the world, with export sales revenues consistently representing around 95% of the division's total figures.
Flexible Packaging. In 2003, export volume sales amounted to 1,730 tons or 11.8% of the Flexible Packaging unit's total volume sales. Export sales as a percentage of total sales both in tons and in revenues represent between 6% and 12% of the unit's total sales for the past three years. Principal export customers for the Flexible Packaging unit are in other Latin American countries. The Company does not expect to generate a significantly greater percentage of its sales than it currently does from the export markets in the future.
Aluminum Profiles. Export sales for the aluminum unit include sales made to customers in countries other than Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay and Argentina. In 2003, Madeco exported 3.8% of its revenues of aluminum profile products and the Company does not expect to generate significant revenues from export sales in the future.
On June 27, 2002, Madeco announced that it had been notified by Corning Inc. (Madeco's joint venture partner in Optel), of its desire to liquidate the joint venture. Madeco believed that Corning was attempting to unjustifiably terminate the agreements with Madeco and filed an arbitration suit against its partner to resolve this dispute.
Corning filed a counterclaim against the Company in which it requested, among other things, that Corning be permitted to terminate its joint venture agreements with the Company, alleging that Optel is effectively bankrupt.
On November 11, 2003 the Company was informed of the resolution of the arbitration concerning its dispute with Corning. The arbitral decision provided for the termination of the Investment Agreement governing the joint venture, and as a result among others i) Madeco lost certain rights regarding the appointment of Optel's management (consequently, the subsidiary was not consolidated into the December 31, 2003 financial statements) and ii) lost its right to exercise a put option to sell its Optel shares to Corning for approximately US$18 million between January 2004 and December 2005. In addition, the decision obliges the Company to agree to the liquidation of Optel on Corning's request. As a consequence of this unfavorable ruling, the Company recognized provisions of Ch$4,917 million in the fourth quarter of 2003 in order to reflect the value of its 50% equity share in Optel and costs associated with the ruling.
In Brazil, two legal disputes against the previous owner of Ficap have been pending since prior to the Company's acquisition of the subsidiary in 1997. It is estimated that the total amount of the lawsuits involve approximately US$10 million. Madeco has a personal guarantee from the previous owner of Ficap to indemnify the Company if the Brazilian subsidiary were to be affected by these actions.
The Company does not believe that the outcome of any of its outstanding litigation will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.
Dividend Policy
The Company's dividend policy is established and revised from time to time at the shareholders' meeting. In addition, it may be approved at the annual shareholders' meeting, although shareholder approval is not required. However, each year the Board of Directors must submit for shareholder approval the final declared dividend in respect of the preceding year.
The Chilean Corporations Law requires that, unless otherwise decided by unanimous vote of the issued, subscribed and paid shares, and except to the extent it has a deficit in retained earnings for the year, the Company must distribute a cash dividend in an amount equal to at least 30% of its net income for that year.
The Company's current dividend policy authorizes distribution of cash dividends in an amount equal to 50% of the Company's net income under Chilean GAAP for the previous year. The Board of Directors has the authority to decide whether the dividend will be paid in several payments or in a lump sum. The Company's dividend policy is subject to amendment by reason of changes in Chilean law, capital requirements, economic results and/or other factors. See "Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors".
Dividends are paid to all of the shareholders of record on the fifth business day (including Saturday) preceding the date set for payment of the dividend. Holders of record of ADSs are entitled to dividends declared for each applicable period. The dividend amounts and the aggregate amount of such dividends per share of Common Stock and per ADS for the period between 1999 and 2003 are shown in "Item 3. Key Information - Selected Financial Data". No dividend payments have been made by the Company since May 1999.
Generally, shareholders who are not Chilean residents must register as foreign investors under one of the foreign investment regimes provided for by Chilean law in order to be entitled to the payment outside Chile, through the Formal Exchange Market of dividends, sale proceeds and other amounts with respect to their shares. Under the Foreign Investment Contract, the Depositary, on behalf of the ADS holders, is granted access to the Formal Exchange Market to convert cash dividends from Chilean pesos to U.S. dollars and to pay such dollars to ADS holders outside Chile. Dividends paid in respect of shares of Common Stock, including to holders of ADSs who are not Chilean residents, are subject to Chilean withholding tax. See "Item 10. Additional Information -Taxation".
Significant Changes
See "Item 4. Information on the Company - History and Development of the Company - Recent Developments".
The shares of the Company's Common Stock are currently traded on the Santiago Stock Exchange and the Bolsa Electronica de Chile, an electronic over-the-counter trading system.
Shares of Madeco's Common Stock also trade in the United States on the New York Stock Exchange Inc. (NYSE) since May 28, 1993 in the form of American Depositary Shares ("ADSs") under the symbol "MAD". Since May 12, 2003, each ADS represents 100 shares of Common Stock of the Company.
For the periods indicated, the table below sets forth the low and high closing sales prices of Madeco's Common Stock in Chilean pesos on the Santiago Stock Exchange. The table also includes for the same periods the low and high closing sales prices of the ADSs in U.S. dollars on the NYSE.
Santiago Stock Exchange | NYSE | |||
Low | High | Low | High | |
Years | (Ch$ per Share)(1) | (US$ per ADS) | ||
1999 | 325.0 | 640.0 | 6.38 | 12.25 |
2000 | 270.0 | 810.0 | 4.50 | 15.94 |
2001 | 170.0 | 370.0 | 2.25 | 6.50 |
2002 | 24.5 | 175.0 | 0.25 | 2.80 |
2003 | 17.0 | 57.5 | 0.25 | 8.85 |
Quarters | ||||
2002 | ||||
First Quarter | 95.0 | 175.0 | 1.30 | 2.80 |
Second Quarter | 41.5 | 95.0 | 0.55 | 1.40 |
Third Quarter | 30.0 | 54.7 | 0.30 | 0.85 |
Fourth Quarter | 24.5 | 35.5 | 0.25 | 0.50 |
2003 | ||||
First Quarter | 21.9 | 31.0 | 0.35 | 0.49 |
Second Quarter | 17.0 | 38.5 | 0.25 | 5.25 |
Third Quarter | 26.0 | 38.0 | 3.65 | 5.70 |
Fourth Quarter | 37.0 | 57.5 | 5.65 | 8.85 |
2004 | ||||
First Quarter | 35.5 | 47.0 | 5.70 | 9.40 |
Second Quarter through May 31 | 40.0 | 45.8 | 5.65 | 7.40 |
Months | ||||
December 2003 | 47.0 | 53.7 | 7.75 | 8.75 |
January 2004 | 51.0 | 40.0 | 6.50 | 9.40 |
February 2004 | 41.0 | 47.0 | 6.89 | 7.81 |
March 2004 | 35.5 | 43.4 | 5.70 | 7.51 |
April 2004 | 40.0 | 45.8 | 6.40 | 7.40 |
May 2004 | 40.3 | 43.30 | 5.65 | 6.85 |
(1) Chilean pesos per share of Common Stock reflect the price at the trade date and have not been restated to constant real pesos.
On June 25, 2002, the Company was notified of its non-compliance with NYSE requirements for continued listing as a consequence of the price of Madeco's shares, which was below US$1.00 over a consecutive 30-trading-day period.
On December 31, 2002, NYSE informed the Company that it was also not in compliance with NYSE's continued listing standard requiring an average market capitalization of not less than US$15 million over a 30-trading-day period.
On January 10, 2003, NYSE informed the Company that NYSE's Listing and Compliance Committee had approved Madeco's proposed courses of action to resolve its non-compliance with NYSE's listing criteria. Madeco successfully completed its capital increase and indebtedness restructuring in the first quarter 2003. As a result of its capital increase and restructuring, Madeco's market capitalization is above NYSE's minimum market capitalization requirement.
On May 2003, the Company implemented a share to ADS ratio change which became effective on May 12, 2003. The ratio of shares to ADS changed from 1 ADS = 10 shares of common stock to 1 ADS = 100 share of common stock. This ratio change, together with the capital increase discussed above were implemented by Madeco to attempt to comply with the NYSE's continuing listing requirements.
On May 21, 2003 NYSE informed the Company that as a result of actions taken to meet the minimum security price and minimum market capitalization continued listing requirements, the Company regained compliance with both requirements. There can be no assurance that the Company will meet the NYSE continued listing requirements in the future.
Memorandum and Articles of Association
Provided below is a summary of certain material information found in the Company's bylaws and provisions of Chilean law. This summary is not complete. For more information relating to the items discussed in this summary, you are encouraged to read our bylaws which we have filed as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year 2001.
Registration and Corporate Purposes
Madeco S.A. is a public corporation (sociedad anonima abierta) organized by means of a public deed (escritura publica) dated April 3, 1944, the abstract of which was recorded on Folio 1,099, No. 946 of Santiago's Registry of Commerce in 1944 and published in Chile'sOfficial Gazette on May 4, 1944. Its existence was approved by a Decree No. 1740 of the Ministry of Finance, dated April 26, 1944, recorded on Folio 1,105, No. 947 of Santiago's Registry of Commerce in 1944, published in theOfficial Gazette as of May 4, 1944 and recorded at the Securities Registry of the ChileanSuperintendencia de Valores y Seguros (Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, or "SVS") under No. 251 on July 20, 1984.
As set forth in Article 4 of Madeco's bylaws, its purpose is to manufacture processed products from metal and metal alloys, to engage in other businesses relating to such production, and the exploration and development of ore deposits and mining rights, among other businesses.
Directors
Under theLey de Sociedades Anonimas (Chilean Corporations Law), a corporation may not enter into a contract or agreement in which a director has a direct or indirect interest (i.e., a conflicting interest transaction) without prior approval by the Board of Directors, and only if the terms of the conflicting interest transaction are similar to those of an arm's length transaction.
If the conflicting interest transaction involves a "material amount," the Board of Directors is required to produce a statement declaring in advance that the conflicting interest transaction is similar in its terms to an arm's length transaction. A conflicting interest transaction is deemed to involve a "material amount" if the amount involved is both greater than UF2,000 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$53,263) and exceeds 1% of the assets of the corporation, or if the amount exceeds UF20,000 (as of May 31, 2004, approximately US$532,631) regardless of the size of the corporation.
If the Board of Directors believes that it is not possible to ascertain whether the conflicting interest transaction is similar to an arm's length transaction, it may approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction, or appoint independent advisors to make such a determination, in all these cases, with the exclusion of the interested directors. If the Board appoints independent advisors, the report prepared by the advisors will be made available to the shareholders and the Board of Directors for 20 business days from the date the report was received from the independent advisors. The shareholders will be notified in writing of the receipt of the report. After this period the Board may approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction, but the Board is not required to follow the independent advisors' conclusion. The Board may treat the conflicting interest transaction and the report as confidential information. Shareholders representing at least a 5% of the voting shares of the Company may r equest the Board to call a shareholders' meeting in order to approve or reject the conflicting interest transaction by a two-thirds majority of the outstanding voting shares.
All decisions adopted by the Board in respect of the conflicting interest transaction must be reported to the next following shareholders' meeting. The controller of the corporation or the related party which intends to enter into the conflicting interest transaction shall make available to the Board of Directors, at the time the transaction is being considered by the Board, all information relating to the transaction filed with any non-Chilean regulatory entities or stock exchanges.
If a suit for damages arises from such a transaction, the defendant (i.e., one or more directors, the controller, a related party, or all of them) bears the burden of proof that the transaction was equally as or more beneficial to the corporation than an arm's length transaction, unless the conflicting interest transaction was previously approved by the shareholders.
The amount of any director's remuneration is established each year at the annual shareholders' meeting. Directors are prohibited from borrowing or otherwise making use of corporate money or assets for their own benefit, unless previously authorized by the Board of Directors. Directors are also prohibited from borrowing or otherwise making use of corporate money or assets for the benefit of companies in which such directors are either directors or owners of a 10% interest or more, unless previously authorized by the Board of Directors. However, the shareholders' authorization is not required. These rules can only be modified by law.
It is not necessary to hold shares of the Company to be elected a director, and there is no age limit established for the retirement of directors.
Rights, Preferences and Restrictions Regarding Shares
At least thirty percent of the Company's net profits for each fiscal year is required to be distributed in cash to the shareholders, unless the shareholders unanimously decide otherwise. Any remaining profits may be used to establish a reserve fund (that may be capitalized at any time, amending the corporate bylaws by the vote of a majority of the voting stock issued) or to pay future dividends.
Compulsory minimum dividends, i.e., at least thirty percent of the Company's net profits for each fiscal year, become due thirty days after the date on which the shareholders' meeting has approved the distribution of profits in the fiscal year. Any additional dividends approved by the shareholders become due on the date set by the shareholders or the Board of Directors.
Accrued dividends that corporations fail to pay or make available to their shareholders within certain periods are to be adjusted from the date on which those dividends became due and that of actual payment. Overdue dividends will accrue annual interest established for adjustable operations over the same period.
Dividends and other cash benefits unclaimed by shareholders after five years from the date on which they became due will become the property of the Chilean Fire Department.
Madeco has only one class of shares and there are therefore no preferences or limitations on the voting rights of shareholders. Each shareholder is entitled to one vote per share. In shareholders' meetings, determinations are generally made by a simple majority of stockholders entitled to vote. However, the Chilean Corporations Law provides that certain determinations require the vote of a two-thirds majority of the voting stock issued.
The Company's directors are elected every three years and their terms are not staggered. Chilean law does not permit cumulative voting. However, shareholders may accumulate their votes in favor of just one person or distribute their votes to more than one person. In addition, by unanimous agreement of the shareholders present and entitled to vote, the vote may be omitted and the election made by acclamation.
In the event of liquidation, the Chilean Corporations Law provides that corporations may carry out distributions to shareholders on account of a reimbursement of capital only after the payment of corporate indebtedness.
There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Company, nor are there any liabilities to shareholders relating to future capital calls by the corporation.
Under Chilean law, certain provisions affect any existing or prospective holder of securities as a result of the shareholder owning a substantial number of shares. The Securities Market Law establishes that(a) any person who, directly or indirectly, (i) owns 10% or more of the subscribed capital of a corporation (the "majority shareholders") whose shares are registered in the Securities Registry of the SVS, or (ii) owns any such percentage because of the purchase of shares; and (b) all liquidators, directors, the chief executive officer and the other principal officers of any corporation whose shares are registered with the Securities Registry of the SVS, regardless of the number of shares they own, must report any purchase or sale of shares made by such persons or entities within two business days of such transactions to the SVS and to each of the stock exchanges in Chilewhere such corporation has securities registered. In addition, majority sharehol ders must inform the SVS and the stock exchanges with respect to whether the purchase is aimed at acquiring control of the corporation or just as a financial investment.
The Securities Market Law also provides that when one or more persons intend to take over a corporation subject to oversight by the SVS, they must give prior public notice. This notice must include the price to be offered per share and the conditions of the proposed transaction, including the expected manner of acquiring the shares.
Finally, Chapter XXV of the Securities Market Law was recently enacted in order that controlling shareholders share with minority shareholders the benefits of a change of control, by requiring that certain share acquisitions be made pursuant to a tender offer. This tender offer requirement, however, is not wholly applicable to the current controlling shareholders of Madeco, pursuant to certain transitory exemptions available to them.
The Chilean Corporations Law provides shareholders with preemptive rights. The Act requires that options to purchase stock representing capital increases in corporations and debentures duly convertible into stock of the issuing corporation, or any other securities extending future rights over such stock, must be offered preferably, at least once, to existing shareholders, proportionally to the number of shares owned by them. A corporation must distribute any bonus stock in the same manner.
The Chilean Corporations Law also provides shareholders with a right to withdraw from a corporation in certain situations. Unless there is an ongoing bankruptcy proceeding, if a shareholders' meeting approves any of the following matters, dissenting shareholders will be automatically entitled to withdraw from the corporation upon payment by the corporation of the market value of their shares:
- conversion of the corporation into a different type of legal entity;
- merger of the corporation;
- disposition of 50% or more of the assets of the corporation, whether or not including the disposition of liabilities;
- guarantee of a third party's liabilities with collateral exceeding 50% of the corporation's assets;
- establishment of preferences in connection with a series of shares, or any other modification of existing preferences, in which case only dissenting shareholders in the affected series will have the right to withdraw; and
- curing certain errors or defects, affecting the corporate charter or amending the bylaws in respect of one or more of the matters listed above.
In addition, shareholders may withdraw if a person becomes the owner of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the corporation as a consequence of a share acquisition and such person does not make a tender offer for the remaining shares within 30 days.
The Company's bylaws do not provide for additional circumstances under which shareholders may withdraw.
Action Necessary to Change the Rights of Holders of Stock
Rights of stockholders are established by law and pursuant to the bylaws of a corporation. Any change to the rights of stockholders must be adopted by an absolute majority of stockholders or, in some cases, by a two-thirds majority vote, as discussed above. However, the amendment of certain rights requires a unanimous vote of the shareholders, including the right of shareholders to receive at least 30% of the net profits for each fiscal year. Notwithstanding the preceding, no decision of the shareholders' meeting can deprive a shareholder from property over the stock.
The Company's bylaws do not contemplate additional conditions in connection with matters described in this subsection.
Shareholders' Meetings
Annual shareholders' meetings are to be held during the months of February, March or April of each year. During the meetings, determinations are made relating to particular matters, which matters may or may not be specifically indicated in the notice of such meeting.
The quorum for a shareholders' meeting is established by the presence, in person or by proxy, of shareholders representing at least an absolute majority of the issued voting stock of Madeco; if a quorum is not present at the first meeting, the meeting can be reconvened and upon the meeting being reconvened, shareholders present at the reconvened meeting are deemed to constitute a quorum regardless of the percentage of the voting stock represented. In that case, decisions will be made by the absolute majority of stock with voting rights present or otherwise represented. The following matters are specifically reserved for annual meetings:
- review of the state of the corporation and of the reports of internal and independent auditors, and the approval or rejection of the annual report, balance sheet, financial statements and records submitted by the officers or liquidators of the corporation;
- distribution of profits, including the distribution of dividends;
- election or revocation of regular and alternate Board members, liquidators and management supervisors; and
- determination of the remuneration of the Board members, designation of a newspaper to publish the notice of meetings and, in general, any other matter to be dealt with by the annual meeting being of corporate interest and not specifically reserved to extraordinary shareholders' meetings.
Extraordinary shareholders' meetings may be held at any time, when required by corporate necessity. During extraordinary meetings, determinations are made relating to any matter which the law or the Company's bylaws reserve for consideration by such extraordinary meetings, which matters shall be expressly set forth in the relevant notice. Whenever in an extraordinary shareholders' meeting determinations must be made relating to matters specifically reserved to annual meetings, the operation and decisions of such extraordinary meeting will follow the requirements applicable to annual meetings. The following matters are specifically reserved for extraordinary meetings:
- dissolution of the corporation;
- transformation, merger or spin off of the corporation and amendments to its bylaws;
- issuance of bonds or debentures convertible into stock;
- transfer of corporate fixed assets and liabilities; and
- guarantees of third parties' obligations, except when these third parties are affiliated companies (in which case approval of the Board of Directors will suffice).
In addition to the above, annual and extraordinary shareholders' meetings must be called by the Board of Directors in the following circumstances:
- when requested by shareholders representing at least 10% of issued stock; and
- when required by the SVS.
Only holders of stock registered in the Record of Shareholders at least five days before the date of the pertinent meeting may participate with the right to be heard and vote in shareholders' meetings. Directors and officers other than shareholders may participate in shareholders' meetings with the right to be heard.
Shareholders may be represented at meetings by other individuals, regardless of whether or not those persons are shareholders themselves. Representation must be conferred five days before the date of the relevant meeting, in writing, and for the total number of shares held by the shareholder.
Limitations on the Right to Own Securities
The right to own any kind of property is guaranteed by the Chilean Constitution, and the Chilean Corporations Law does not contain any general limitation regarding the right to own securities. There are, however, certain limitations on the right of foreigners to own securities of Chilean corporations, but only for certain special types of companies. Madeco is not affected by these limitations, and Madeco's bylaws do not contain limitations or restrictions in this regard.
Takeover Defenses
Madeco's bylaws do not contain any provisions that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of Madeco and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving Madeco (or any of its subsidiaries).
Ownership Threshold
Madeco's bylaws do not contain any ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed. For a description of the ownership thresholds mandated by Chilean law, See "- Rights, preferences and restrictions regarding shares".
Changes in Capital
Madeco's bylaws do not impose any conditions that are more stringent than those required by law for effecting changes in the capital of the Company.
The Company entered into amended and restated agreements with 14 of its bank creditors, including twelve local and two international banks, on December 18, 2002, rescheduling such bank indebtedness in a total amount of approximately US$120 million. The debt restructuring was contingent upon the successful completion of the Company's capital increase and the payment of 30% of the Company's outstanding debt to those banks, among other requirements.
The first of these agreements is an amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2002, among Madeco S.A. as Borrower, and Bank Of America, N.A. together with Bankboston N.A., Nassau Branch as Lenders.
The second of these agreements is an amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2002, among Madeco S.A. as Borrower, and the Bank Lenders (Citibank, N.A., Agencia en Chile, Scotiabank Sud Americano, Banco de Chile, Dresdner Bank Lateinamerika, Banco del Estado de Chile, Banco de Credito e Inversiones, Corpbanca, Banco Bice, Banco Santander-Chile, Bankboston, N.A., Sucursal en Chile, Banco Security and Banco del Desarrollo).
The Central Bank of Chile (the "Central Bank") is responsible for, among other things, monetary policies and exchange controls in Chile. See "Item 3. Key Information - Exchange Rates". Foreign investments can be registered with the Foreign Investment Committee under Decree Law No. 600 - registration which grants the investor access to the Formal Exchange Market - or with the Central Bank of Chile under Chapter XIV of the Central Bank Foreign Exchange Regulations.
Effective April 19, 2001, the Central Bank abrogated the then existing Chapter XXVI of the Central Bank Foreign Exchange Regulations ("Chapter XXVI"), which addressed issuances of ADSs by a Chilean company, and issued an entirely new set of Foreign Exchange Regulations (the "2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations"), virtually eliminating all the restrictions and limitations that had been in force up to that date. The 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations were based upon the general principle that foreign exchange transactions can be done freely in Chile by any person, notwithstanding the power conferred by law to the Central Bank of imposing certain restrictions and limitations on such transactions.
With the issuance of the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, the approval by the Central Bank required for access to the Formal Exchange Market was replaced with the requirement of disclosure of the relevant transactions to the Central Bank. However, some foreign exchange transactions, notably foreign loans, capital investment or deposits, continued to be subject to the requirement of being effected through the Formal Exchange Market.
The 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, among others, eliminated the following restrictions:
(1) prior authorization by the Central Bank for the entry of capital in connection with foreign loans, investment, capital contribution, bonds and ADSs;
(2) prior authorization by the Central Bank for the remittance of capital in connection with repatriation of capital, dividends and other benefits related to capital contributions and investment, and prepayment of foreign loans;
(3) minimum risk classification restrictions and terms for the issuance of bonds;
(4) restrictions to the issuance of ADSs. Therefore, the rules established under Chapter XXVI of the previous Foreign Exchange Regulations were abrogated; and
(5) Mandatory Reserve deposits for foreign capital.
The abrogation of Chapter XXVI by the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations implied that the issuance of ADSs by a Chilean company remained subject to the rules contained in Chapter XIV of such regulations, according to which credits, deposits, investments and capital contributions coming from abroad must be effected through the Formal Exchange Market.
According to the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, the foreign exchange transactions performed before April 19, 2001, remained subject to the regulations in effect at the time of the transactions, unless the interested parties elected the applicability of the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, thereby expressly waiving the applicability of the regulations in force at the time of the execution of the respective transaction.
Effective March 1, 2002, the Central Bank has abrogated the then existing Central Bank Foreign Exchange Regulations, i.e. the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, and issued an entirely new set of Foreign Exchange Regulations (the "New Regulations"), thereby continuing the liberalization of the foreign exchange regulations. As the 2001 Foreign Exchange Regulations, the New Regulations are also based upon the general principle that foreign exchange transactions can be done freely in Chile by any person, notwithstanding the power conferred by law to the Central Bank of imposing certain restrictions and limitations on such transactions.
The New Regulations also require the disclosure of the relevant transaction to the Central Bank and that some foreign exchange transactions, notably foreign loans, capital investments or deposits, be effected through the Formal Exchange Market.
The issuance of ADSs by a Chilean company remains subject to the rules contained in Chapter XIV. These rules were partly amended in the New Regulations, which allow the use of proceeds from a foreign credit, deposit, investment or capital contribution directly abroad, i.e., without delivering the currency into Chile. The direct use abroad of the proceeds of a foreign credit, deposit, investment or capital contribution remain subject to the obligation of informing the Central Bank of the transaction.
The New Regulations have also simplified the forms required to provide the information to the Central Bank, so as to reduce the time needed to effect foreign exchange transactions by foreign investors in Chile.
The New Regulations contain a transitory norm establishing that foreign exchange transactions performed before April 19, 2001, remain subject to the regulations in effect at the time of the transactions, unless the interested parties elect the applicability of the New Regulation, thereby expressly waiving the applicability of the regulations in force at the time of the execution of the relevant transaction.
A Foreign Investment Contract was entered into among the Central Bank, the Company and the Depositary pursuant to Article 47 of the Central Bank Act and Chapter XXVI. According to Chilean law, a contract is ruled by the law in effect at the time of the execution of the contract. Therefore, the Foreign Investment Contract entered into among the Central Bank, the Company and the Depositary is ruled by the foreign exchange regulations in force before April 19, 2001, among which is Chapter XXVI.
Absent the Foreign Investment Contract, under Chilean exchange controls in force until April 19, 2001, investors would not have been granted access to the Formal Exchange Market for the purpose of converting Chilean pesos to U.S. dollars and repatriating from Chile amounts received in respect of deposited shares or shares withdrawn from deposit on surrender of ADSs (including amounts received as cash dividends and proceeds from the sale in Chile of the underlying shares and any rights with respect thereto). In December 1999, amendments were introduced in Chapter XXVI whereby, among other things, the Central Bank was authorized to reject applications under such regulations without expression of cause. In resolving on such applications, the Central Bank was required to take into account the situation of the balance of payments and the stability of the capitals account. However, the Central Bank was authorized to require certain conditions to the applicants prior to resolving on the applications. In A pril 2000, Chapter XXVI was again amended in order to incorporate, in addition to shares issued by Chilean corporations, quotes of investment funds as eligible to be converted into ADSs. Chapter XXVI did not require delivery of a new application in case of the entry of U.S. dollars intended for the acquisition of shares not subscribed by the shareholders or by the transferees of the options to subscribe the shares.
Under Chapter XXVI and the Foreign Investment Contract, the Central Bank agreed to grant to the Depositary, on behalf of ADR holders, and to any non-Chilean resident investor who withdrew Shares upon surrender of ADSs (such Shares being referred to herein as "Withdrawn Shares") access to the Formal Exchange Market to convert Chilean pesos to U.S. dollars (and to remit such dollars outside of Chile) in respect of Shares represented by ADSs or Withdrawn Shares, including amounts received as (a) cash dividends, (b) proceeds from the sale in Chile of Withdrawn Shares (subject to receipt by the Central Bank of a certificate from the holder of the Withdrawn Shares (or from an institution authorized by the Central Bank) that such holder's residence and domicile were outside Chile and a certificate from a Chilean stock exchange (or from a brokerage or securities firm established in Chile) that such Withdrawn Shares had been sold on a Chilean exchange), (c) proceeds from the sale in Chile of pre-emptive rights to subscribe for and purchase additional Shares, (d) proceeds from the liquidation, merger or consolidation of the Company and (e) other distributions, including, without limitation, those resulting from any recapitalization, as a result of holding Shares represented by ADSs or Withdrawn Shares. Access to the Formal Exchange Market in the case of (a), (b), (c) and (d) above would be available for only five working days following the sale of the shares on the stock exchange. Transferees of Withdrawn Shares would not be entitled to any of the foregoing rights under Chapter XXVI unless the Withdrawn Shares were redeposited with the Custodian. Investors receiving Withdrawn Shares in exchange for ADSs would have the right to redeposit such Shares in exchange for ADSs, provided that certain conditions to redeposit were satisfied. For a description of the Formal Exchange Market, see "3A Exchange Rates". Alternatively, according to the amendments introduced to Chapter XXVI in December 1999, in case of Withdrawn Shares and their subsequent sale in a stock exchange, the Chilean peso proceeds obtained thereby could be converted into U.S. dollars in a market different from the Formal Exchange Market within five business days from the date of the sale.
Chapter XXVI provided that access to the Formal Exchange Market in connection with the sale of Withdrawn Shares or distributions thereon would be conditioned upon receipt by the Central Bank of a certification by the Depositary or the Custodian, as the case might have been, that such Shares had been withdrawn in exchange for delivery of the pertinent ADSs and receipt of a waiver of the benefits of the Foreign Investment Contract with respect thereto (except in connection with the proposed sale of the Shares) until such Withdrawn Shares were redeposited. Chapter XXVI also provided that access to the Formal Exchange Market in connection with dividend payments was conditioned on certification by the Company to the Central Bank that a dividend payment had been made. The provision contained in Chapter XXVI that established that access to the Formal Exchange Market in connection with dividend payments was conditioned on certification by the Company to the Central Bank that any applicable tax had been withheld w as eliminated on November 23, 2000.
Chapter XXVI and the Foreign Investment Contract provided that a person who brought foreign currency into Chile, including U.S. dollars, to purchase Shares entitled to the benefit of the Foreign Investment Contract was required to convert such foreign currency into Chilean pesos on the same date and had five banking business days within which to invest in Shares in order to receive the benefit of the Foreign Investment Contract. If such person decided within such period not to acquire Shares, such person could access the Formal Exchange Market to reacquire foreign currency, provided that the applicable request was presented to the Central Bank within seven banking days of the initial conversion into pesos. Shares acquired as described above could be deposited in exchange for ADSs and receive the benefit of the Foreign Investment Contract, subject to receipt by the Central Bank of a certificate from the Depositary that such deposit had been effected and that the related ADSs had been issued and receipt by the Custodian of a declaration from the person making such deposit waiving the benefit of the Foreign Investment Contract with respect to the deposited Shares.
Chapter XXVI required foreign investors acquiring shares or securities in Chile to maintain a mandatory reserve (the "Mandatory Reserve") for one year in the form of a non-interest bearing U.S. dollar deposit with the Central Bank, or to pay to the Central Bank a non-refundable fee (the "Fee"). Such reserve requirement was imposed with respect to investments made by foreign investors to acquire shares or securities in the secondary market, but did not apply to capital contributions made for purposes of paying-in capital for a newly created company or increasing the capital of an existing company. As of June 1, 1999, the Mandatory Reserve was not applied to foreign investments made for purposes of acquiring shares of a stock corporation, provided that the investor was entitled to the benefit of Chapter XXVI, and that such acquisition was consummated in accordance with the provisions of Chapter XXVI. On September 17, 1998, the Central Bank of Chile reduced the Mandatory Rese rve to 0%.
Access to the Formal Exchange Market under any of the circumstances described above was not automatic. Pursuant to Chapter XXVI, such access required approval of the Central Bank based on a request presented through a banking institution established in Chile within five business days from the occurrence of any of the events described in letters (a), (b), (c) and (d) above. Pursuant to the Foreign Investment Contract, if the Central Bank had not acted on such request within seven banking days, the request would be deemed approved.
Under current Chilean law, the Foreign Investment Contract cannot be changed unilaterally by the Central Bank. No assurance can be given, however, that new restrictions applicable to the holders of ADSs, the disposition of underlying Shares or the repatriation of the proceeds from such disposition will not be reinstated in the future by the Central Bank, nor can there be any assessment of the possible duration or impact of such restrictions.
Chilean Tax Considerations
The following discussion relates to Chilean income tax laws presently in force, including Ruling No. 324 of January 29, 1990 of the Chilean Internal Revenue Service and other applicable regulations and rulings in effect on the date of this Annual Report, all of which are subject to change. The discussion summarizes the principal Chilean income tax consequences of an investment in the ADSs or Shares by a person who is neither domiciled in nor a resident of Chile or by a legal entity that is not organized under the laws of Chile and does not have a permanent establishment located in Chile (any such individual or entity, a "Foreign Holder"). For purposes of Chilean tax law, an individual holder is a resident of Chile if he has resided in Chile for more than six consecutive months in one calendar year or for a total of six months, whether consecutive or not, in two consecutive tax years. The discussion is not intended as tax advice to any particular investor, which can be rendered only in ligh t of that investor's particular tax situation.
Under Chilean law, provisions contained in statutes such as tax rates applicable to foreign investors, the computation of taxable income for Chilean purposes and the manner in which Chilean taxes are imposed and collected may only be amended by another statute. In addition, the Chilean tax authorities enact rulings and regulations of either general or specific application and interpret the provisions of Chilean tax law. Chilean tax may not be assessed retroactively against taxpayers who act in good faith relying on such rulings, regulations and interpretations, but Chilean tax authorities may change these rulings, regulations and interpretations prospectively. There is no income tax treaty in force between Chile and the United States.
Cash Dividends and Other Distributions
Cash dividends paid by Madeco with respect to the ADSs or Shares held by a Foreign Holder will be subject to a 35% Chilean withholding tax, which is withheld and paid over to the Chilean tax authorities by Madeco (the "Withholding Tax"). A credit against the Withholding Tax is available based on the level of corporate income tax actually paid by Madeco on the income to be distributed (the "First-Category Tax"); however, this credit does not reduce the Withholding Tax on a one-for-one basis because it also increases the base on which the Withholding Tax is imposed. In addition, if Madeco distributes less than all of its distributable income, the credit for First-Category Tax paid by Madeco is proportionately reduced. Presently, the First-Category Tax rate is 17%. The example below illustrates the effective Chilean Withholding Tax burden on a cash dividend received by a foreign holder, assuming a Withholding Tax rate of 35%, an effective First-Category Tax rate of 17% and a dis tribution of 30% of the consolidated net income of Madeco distributable after payment of the First-Category Tax:
Madeco taxable income | 100 |
First-Category Tax (17% of Ch$100) | (17) |
Net distributable income | 83 |
Dividend distributed (30% of net distributable income) | 24.9 |
Withholding Tax (35% of the sum of Ch$24.9 dividend plus Ch$5.1 First-Category Tax paid) | (10.5) |
Credit for 30% of First-Category Tax | 5.1 |
Net additional tax withheld | (5.4) |
Net dividend received | 19.5 |
Effective dividend withholding rate | 21.69% |
In general, the effective dividend Withholding Tax rate, after giving effect to the credit for the First-Category Tax, can be calculated using the following formula:
(Withholding Tax Rate) - (First-Category Tax Rate)
Effective Dividend Withholding Tax Rate =1 (First-Category Tax Rate)
Under Chilean income tax law, dividends generally are assumed to have been paid out of the Company's oldest retained profits for purposes of determining the level of First-Category Tax that was paid by the Company. For information as to the retained earnings of the Company for tax purposes and the tax credit available on the distribution of such retained earnings, see Note 24 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. The effective rate of Withholding Tax to be imposed on dividends paid by Madeco will vary depending upon the amount of First-Category Tax paid by the Company on the earnings to which the dividends are attributed. The effective rate for dividends attributed to earnings from 1991 until 2001, for which the First-Category Tax was 15%, generally was 23.5%. For 2002, the First-Category Tax rate was 16%, which results in an effective rate of Withholding Tax of 22.6%, and for 2003, the First-Category Tax rate was 16.5%. For the year 2004 onwards, the First-Category Tax rate will be 17%, which result in an effective rate of withhold tax of 21.69%.
For dividends attributable to the Company's profits during years when the First-Category Tax was 10% (before 1991), the effective dividend Withholding Tax rate will be 27.8%. However, whether the First-Category Tax is 10%, 15% or 16%, the effective overall combined tax rate imposed on the Company's distributed profits will be 35%.
Dividend distributions made in property would be subject to the same Chilean tax rules as cash dividends based on the fair market value of such property. Stock dividends and the distribution of preemptive rights are not subject to Chilean taxation.
Capital Gains
Gain from the sale or other disposition by a Foreign Holder of ADSs (or ADSs evidencing ADSs) outside Chile will not be subject to Chilean taxation. The deposit and withdrawal of Shares in exchange for ADSs will not be subject to any Chilean taxes.
Gain recognized on a sale or exchange of Shares (as distinguished from sales or exchanges of ADSs evidencing ADSs representing such Shares) may be subject to both the First-Category Tax and the Withholding Tax (the former being creditable against the latter) if either, (i) the Foreign Holder has held the Shares for less than one year since exchanging ADSs for the Shares, (ii) the Foreign Holder acquired and disposed of the Shares in the ordinary course of its business or as a habitual trader of shares or (iii) the Foreign Holder and the purchaser of the Shares are "related parties" within the meaning of Article 17, Number 8, of the Chilean Income Tax Law. In all other cases, gain on the disposition of Shares will be subject only to a capital gains tax which is assessed at the same rate as the First-Category Tax (currently imposed at a rate of 17%).
Gain recognized in the transfer of Shares that have a high presence in the stock exchange, however, is not subject to capital gains tax in Chile, provided that the Shares are transferred in a local stock exchange, in other authorized stock exchanges (up to this date, the New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange and the Madrid Stock Exchange have been authorized for these purposes), or within the process of a public tender of shares governed by the Chilean Securities Market Act. The Shares must also have been acquired either in a stock exchange, within the referred process of a public tender of shares governed by the Chilean Securities Market Act, in an initial public offer of shares resulting from the formation of a corporation or a capital increase of the same, or in an exchange of convertible bonds. Shares are considered to have a high presence in the stock exchange when they (i) are registered in the Securities Registry, (ii) are registered in a Chilean stock exchange, and (iii) have an adju sted presence equal to or above 25%. To calculate the adjusted presence of a particular Share, the aforementioned regulation states that, the number of days in which the operations regarding the Shares exceeded the equivalent of UF200 (as of June 21, 2002, approximately US$4,713) in Chilean pesos within the previous 180 business days of the stock market must be determined. That number must then be divided by 180, multiplied by 100, and expressed in a percentage value. The referred tax regime does not apply in case the transaction involves an amount of Shares that would allow the acquirer to take control of the publicly traded corporation, in which case the ordinary tax regime referred in the previous paragraph will apply, unless the sale complies with one of the following conditions:(i) the transfer is part of a tender offer governed by the Chilean Securities Market Act; or (ii) the transfer is done in a Chilean stock exchange, without substantially exceeding the market price.
Capital gains obtained in the sale of shares that are publicly traded and have a high presence in a stock exchange are also exempt from capital gains tax in Chile when the sale is made by "foreign institutional investors", such as mutual funds and pension funds, provided that the sale is made in a stock exchange or in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Market Law, or in any other form authorized by theSuperintendencia de Valores y Seguros (Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, or "SVS"). To qualify as a foreign institutional investor, the referred entities must be formed outside of Chile, not have a domicile in Chile, and they must be at least one of the following:
- An investment fund that offers its shares or quotas publicly in a country with an investment grade for its public debt, according to a classification performed by an international risk classification entity registered with the SVS;
- An investment fund registered with a regulatory agency or authority from a country with an investment grade for its public debt, according to a classification performed by an international risk classification entity registered with the SVS, provided that its investments in Chile constitute less than 30% of the share value of the fund, including deeds issued abroad representing Chilean securities, such as ADSs of Chilean companies;
- An investment fund whose investments in Chile represent less than 30% of the share value of the fund, including deeds issued abroad representing Chilean securities, such as ADSs of Chilean companies, provided that not more than 10% of the share value of the fund is directly or indirectly owned by Chilean residents;
- A pension fund, i.e., those formed exclusively by natural persons that receive pensions out of an accumulated capital in the fund;
- A Foreign Capital Investment Fund, as defined in Law No. 18,657; or
- Any other foreign institutional investor that complies with the requirements set forth through general regulations for each category of investor, prior information from the SVS and the Chilean tax authority orServicio de Impuestos Internos("SII").
The foreign institutional investor must not directly or indirectly participate in the control of the corporations issuing the shares it invests in nor possess or participate in 10% or more of the capital or the profits of the same corporations.
Other requirements for the exemption to apply are that the referred foreign institutional investors must execute a written contract with a bank or a stock broker, both incorporated in Chile. In this contract, the bank or stock broker undertake to perform the purchase and sale orders, as well as to verify the applicability of the tax exemption and inform the SII of the investors it operates with and the transactions it performs. Finally, the foreign institutional investor must register with the SII by means of a sworn statement issued by the entities referred above (bank or stock broker).
The tax basis of Shares received in exchange for ADSs will be the acquisition value of the Shares on the date of exchange. The valuation procedure set forth in the Deposit Agreement, which values Shares which are being exchanged at the highest price at which they trade on the Santiago Stock Exchange on the date of the exchange, will determine the acquisition value for this purpose. Consequently, the surrender of ADSs for Shares and the immediate sale of the Shares for the value established under the Deposit Agreement will not generate a capital gain subject to taxation in Chile.
The exercise of preemptive rights relating to the Shares will not be subject to Chilean taxation. Any gain on the sale of preemptive rights relating to the Shares will be subject to both the First-Category Tax and the Withholding Tax (the former being creditable against the latter).
Other Chilean Taxes
There are no Chilean inheritance, gift or succession taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of ADSs by a Foreign Holder, but such taxes generally will apply to the transfer at death or by gift of the Shares by a Foreign Holder. There are no Chilean stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by Foreign Holders of ADSs or Shares.
Withholding Tax Certificates
Upon request, Madeco will provide to Foreign Holders appropriate documentation evidencing the payment of the Chilean Withholding Tax (net of applicable First-Category Tax).
United States Tax Considerations
The following is a summary of certain United States federal income tax consequences of the ownership of Shares or ADSs by an investor that is a U.S. Holder (as defined below) that holds the Shares or ADSs as capital assets. This summary does not purport to address all material tax consequences of the ownership of Shares or ADSs, and does not take into account the specific circumstances of any particular investors (such as tax-exempt entities, certain insurance companies, broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect to mark-to-market, investors liable for alternative minimum tax, investors that actually or constructively own 10% or more of the voting stock of the Company, investors that hold Shares or ADSs as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction or U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar), some of which may be subject to special rules. This summary is based on the tax laws of the United States (including the Internal Revenue Code of 19 86, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations thereunder, published rulings and court decisions) as in effect on the date hereof, all of which are subject to change (or changes in interpretation), possibly with retroactive effect.
For purposes of this discussion, a "U.S. Holder" is any beneficial owner of Shares or ADSs that is (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation or partnership organized under the laws of the United States or any State, (iii) an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source or (iv) a trust if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust's administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust. The discussion does not address any aspects of United States taxation other than federal income taxation. Investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the United States federal, state and local and other tax consequences of owning and disposing of Shares and ADSs.
In general, assuming that the representations of the Depositary are true and that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms, for United States federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs evidencing ADSs will be treated as the owners of the Shares represented by those ADSs, and exchanges of Shares for ADSs, and ADSs for Shares, will not be subject to United States federal income tax.
Cash Dividends and Other Distributions
Under the United States federal income tax laws, and subject to the passive foreign investment company ("PFIC") rules discussed below, U.S. Holders will include in gross income the gross amount of any dividend paid (after reduction for any Chilean First-Category Tax that is credited against Chilean Withholding Tax, but before reduction for the net amount of Chilean Withholding Tax) by the Company out of its current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes) as ordinary income when the dividend is actually or constructively received by the U.S. Holder, in the case of Shares, or by the Depositary, in the case of ADSs. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Dividends paid to a U.S. Holder that is a corporation are not eligible for the dividends received deduction available to corporations. Current law provides for a reduced tax rate (currently 15%) on the dividend income of an indi vidual U.S. Holder with respect to dividends paid by a domestic corporation or "qualified foreign corporation." A qualified foreign corporation generally includes a foreign corporation if (i) its shares (or ADSs) are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States or (ii) it is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive United States income tax treaty. The ADSs are traded on the New York Stock Exchange. As a result, the Company may be treated as a qualified foreign corporation. However, if the Company is treated as a PFIC, as discussed below, it will not be a qualified foreign corporation. If the Company is a qualified foreign corporation, dividends paid to an individual U.S. Holder with respect to Shares or ADSs should, subject to generally applicable limitations, be taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. The maximum 15% tax rate is effective with respect to dividends included in income during the period beginning on or after January 1, 2003, and ending December 31, 2008. Each U.S . Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the treatment of dividends. The amount of the dividend distribution includible in income of a U.S. Holder will be the U.S. dollar value of the Chilean peso payments made, determined at the spot Chilean peso/U.S. dollar rate on the date such dividend distribution is includible in the income of the U.S. Holder, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the dividend payment is includible in income to the date such payment is converted into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss. Such gain or loss will generally be from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
Subject to certain generally applicable limitations, the net amount of Chilean Withholding Tax (after reduction for the credit for Chilean First-Category Tax) paid over to Chile will be creditable against the U.S. Holder's United States federal income tax liability. For foreign tax credit limitation purposes, the dividend will be income from sources without the United States. In the case of U.S. individuals, if the reduced rate of tax on dividends applies to such holder, such limitations and restrictions will appropriately take into account the rate differential under rules similar to section 904(b)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code. The rules governing foreign tax credits are complex and U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their application to the particular circumstances of such holder.
Pro rata distributions of Shares or preemptive rights generally are not subject to United States federal income tax. The basis of the new Shares or preemptive rights (if such rights are exercised or sold) generally will be determined by allocating the U.S. Holder's adjusted basis in the old shares between the old Shares and the new Shares or preemptive rights received, based on their relative fair market values on the date of distribution (except that the basis of the preemptive rights will be zero if the fair market value of the rights is less than 15% of the fair market value of the old Shares at the time of distribution, unless the U.S. Holder irrevocably elects to allocate basis between the old Shares and the preemptive rights). The holding period of a U.S. Holder for the new Shares or preemptive rights will include the U.S. Holder's holding period for the old Shares with respect to which the new Shares or preemptive rights were issued.
Capital Gains
U.S. Holders will not recognize gain or loss on deposits or withdrawals of Shares in exchange for ADSs or on the exercise of preemptive rights. U.S. Holders will recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other disposition of ADSs or Shares (or preemptive rights with respect to such Shares) held by the U.S. Holder or by the Depositary equal to the difference between the amount realized and the U.S. Holder's tax basis in the ADSs or Shares. Any gain recognized by a U.S. Holder generally will be treated as United States source income. Consequently, in the case of a disposition of Shares or preemptive rights (which, unlike a disposition of ADSs, will be taxable in Chile), the U.S. Holder may not be able to claim the foreign tax credit for Chilean tax imposed on the gain unless it appropriately can apply the credit against tax due on other income from foreign sources. Loss generally would be treated as United States source loss.
The long-term capital gain tax rate for an individual U.S. Holder is currently 15%. For sales occurring before May 6, 2003, or after December 31, 2008, under current law the long-term capital gain rate for an individual U.S. Holder is 20%.
PFIC Rules
Madeco believes that it should not be treated as a passive foreign investment company (a "PFIC") for United States federal income tax purposes, although this conclusion is subject to some uncertainty. This conclusion is a factual determination made annually and thus may be subject to change.
In general, the Company will be a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Holder if, for any taxable year in which the U.S. Holder held the Company's ADSs or Shares, either (i) at least 75% of the gross income of the Company for the taxable year is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) of the Company's assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. For this purpose, passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents (other than certain rents and royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business), annuities and gains from assets that produce passive income. If a foreign corporation owns at least 25% by value of the stock of another corporation, the foreign corporation is treated for purposes of the PFIC tests as owning its proportionate share of the assets of the other corporation, and as receiving directly its proportionate share of the other corporation's income. If the Co mpany is treated as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder would be subject to special rules with respect to (a) any gain realized on the sale or other disposition of Shares or ADSs and (b) any "excess distribution" by the Company to the U.S. Holder (generally, any distributions to the U.S. Holder in respect of the Shares or ADSs during a single taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by the U.S. Holder in respect of the Shares or ADSs during the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. Holder's holding period for the Shares or ADSs). Under these rules, (i) the gain or excess distribution would be allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder's holding period for the Shares or ADSs, (ii) the amount allocated to the taxable year in which the gain or excess distribution was realized would be taxable as ordinary income, (iii) the amount allocated to each prior year, with certain exceptions, would be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and (iv) the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax would be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each such year.
Special rules apply with respect to the calculation of the amount of the foreign tax credit with respect to excess distributions by a PFIC.
If the Company is treated as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder may be able to make a mark-to-market election if the Company's stock is treated as regularly traded on a registered national securities exchange or other exchange to the extent permitted by the Internal Revenue Service, or "IRS". If the election is made, the PFIC rules described above will not apply. Instead, in general, the electing U.S. Holder will be required to include as ordinary income each year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Shares or ADSs at the end of the taxable year over the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the Shares or ADSs. The electing U.S. Holder will also be allowed to take an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted tax basis in the Shares or ADSs over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year (but only to the extent of the net amount of income previously included as a result of the mark-to-market election). An electing U.S. Holder's tax basis in the Shares or ADSs will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts.
Alternatively, a U.S. holder of shares or ADSs in a PFIC can sometimes avoid the rules described above by electing to treat the company as a "qualified electing fund" under section 1295 of the Internal Revenue Code. This option will not be available to U.S. Holders because the Company does not intend to comply with the requirements necessary to permit a U.S. Holder to make this election. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding Shares or ADSs if the Company is considered a passive foreign investment company in any taxable year.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividends in respect of the Shares or ADSs and proceeds from the sale, exchange, or redemption of the Shares or ADSs may be subject to information reporting to the United States Internal Revenue Service and a backup withholding tax of 28% may apply unless the holder furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number or certificate of foreign status or is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Generally, a U.S. Holder will provide such certification on Form W-9 and a non-U.S. Holder will provide such certification on Form W-8BEN.
The constituent documents of the Company, exhibits to this and previous Annual Reports and other documents referred to herein may be inspected at the Company's main corporate office at Ureta Cox 930, Santiago, Chile.
ITEM 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company is exposed to market risk from interest rate changes, foreign currency fluctuations and changes in the market values of its investments.
Policies and Procedures
In the normal course of its business, the Company applies established policies and procedures to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates, foreign currencies and the fair market value of certain of its investments using a variety of financial instruments.
It is the Company's policy to enter into foreign currency and interest rate transactions and other financial instruments only to the extent considered necessary to meet its objectives as stated above. The Company does not enter into these transactions for speculative purposes.
The following discussion about the Company's risk management includes "forward-looking statements" that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements. See "Forward Looking Statements". In addition to the inherent risks related to the operations in each of its segments and countries in which it does business, the Company faces material market risk exposures in three categories: foreign currency exchange rate risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk. The following discussion provides additional information regarding the Company's exposure to each of these risks as of December 31, 2003.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk relates to the Company's positions held in cash and cash equivalents, bank debt, bonds and other assets and liabilities indexed to currencies other than Chilean pesos.
In accordance with Technical Bulletin 64 of the Chilean Institute of Accountants (BT64), most investments in foreign companies as well as various liabilities associated with these foreign investments should be considered as a net U.S. dollar exposure.
With respect to the Company's foreign investment exposure, gains and losses from exchange rate variations are registered directly to the cumulative adjustment from foreign currency translation account included in other reserves in shareholders' equity, without impacting the Company's income statement. Assuming a 10% increase during 2004 of the Chilean peso/U.S. dollar exchange rate with respect to 2003 year-end balances, the impact on equity would be an increase in the Company's cumulative translation adjustment account of approximately Ch$12,146 million.
The Company's net exposure to foreign currency (U.S. dollar) exchange rate risk in Chilean pesos at December 31, 2003 was Ch$817.67 million (equivalent to US$1.38 million). Assuming a 10% increase during 2004 of the Chilean peso/U.S. dollar exchange rate with respect to 2003 year-end balances, the result would be a pre-tax accounting loss of approximately Ch$82 million. In addition to the Company's net exposure in foreign investments, there are other assets and liabilities subject to foreign exchange fluctuations whose results impact the income statement. In particular, the Company maintains local currency exposures in Brazil, Argentina and Peru, all of which could affect the income statement. Based on the year-end balances, a simultaneous increase of 10% in the exchange rate in Argentina, Brazil and Peru of their respective local currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar during 2004 would result in a net loss of Ch$725 million.
As of December 31, 2003, approximately 25.8% of the Company's outstanding debt was exposed to an exchange rate fluctuation between the Chilean peso and other currencies. However, according to BT64, certain liabilities are considered as financial hedges of investment abroad. See Note 2(w) to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Part of the Company's inventories are valued in U.S. dollars and therefore foreign exchange fluctuations will generate a profit or loss for the Company's results. Assuming a 10% increase during 2004 of the Chilean peso/U.S. dollar exchange rate with respect to 2003 year-end balances, the result would be a pre-tax gain of approximately Ch$2,673million.
For information on the Company's use of financial instruments for hedging purposes, see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A. Operating Results - Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", and Note 28 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Exposure to interest rate risk reflects the Company's exposure to floating interest debt as well as debt renewals or rollovers which could be reset at higher than existing interest rates. As of December 31, 2003, approximately 3.7% of the Company's total debt was represented by short-term debt and floating rate debt. The Company's net exposure to interest rate risk as of December 31, 2003 was Ch$82,086 million. Assuming a 100 basis point, or "b.p.", increase during 2004 in the weighted average interest rate with respect to 2003 year-end balances, the result would be an increase in net annual interest expenses of approximately Ch$820 million.
The Company has contracted debt in different currencies to take account the possibility that a 100 b.p. increase in interest rates is more likely in certain countries than in others. In addition, a significant amount of debt is indexed to Chilean inflation (UF indexed debt), and as such, an increase in Chilean inflation will affect the total interest the Company pays on such debt.
The table summarizing the assets and liabilities subject to interest rate risk at December 31, 2003 is shown in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Liquidity".
Exposure to commodity price risk relates primarily to the Company's metal inventories of copper and aluminum. The Company uses significant amounts of copper and aluminum to manufacture its products. During 2003, these metal inventories are subject to price-level restatement of their carrying amount with references to trading prices at the London Metal Exchange. The differences arising from consecutive revaluations represent an accounting gain or loss in the income statement's price-level restatement line and depend mainly on market prices for copper and aluminum, which historically have fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company's control.
The Company fixes product prices taking into consideration the market value of the principal raw materials it purchases in such a way that prices should normally follow trends in raw material costs (with a short time lag), thereby reducing commodity price risks. Depending on the competitive price environment and general economic conditions, the Company from time to time is unable to pass along raw material cost increases to its customers.
During 2003, the Company sold on a consolidated basis 75,492 tons of copper and 17,120 tons of aluminum. As of December 31, 2003, the Company held inventories of copper and aluminum of 16,611 and 4,821 tons, respectively.
The following table presents the commodity inventories held by the Company for non-trading purposes at December 31, 2003.
At December 31, 2003 | ||
Carrying Amount | Fair Value | |
Copper | ||
Tons | 16,611 | |
Value (in Ch$ million) | 21,186 | 21,186 |
Aluminum | ||
Tons | 4,821 | |
Value (in Ch$ million) | 5,544 | 5,544 |
ITEM 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
Not applicable
ITEM13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
Not applicable
ITEM 14. Material Modifications of the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
The Company's chief executive officer ("CEO") and chief financial officer ("CFO") have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(c)) . These controls and procedures were designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its subsidiaries are communicated to the CEO and the CFO. Based on such evaluation, the Company's CEO and CFO concluded that as of December 31, 2003, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective in timely alerting them to material information required to be included in the Company's periodic SEC reports. There have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls and procedures or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls and procedures subsequent to the date of this evaluation.
Reserved
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
We are not yet required to have, and do not have an audit committee financial expert (within the meaning of the regulations adopted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002). We intend to fully comply with all applicable rules and regulations and New York Stock Exchange listing requirements regarding the need for, and composition of, an audit committee by July 31, 2005.
Item 16B. Code Of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all of Madeco's employees, including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of Madeco S.A. We have filed our code of ethics as an exhibit to this annual report. Our code of ethics was not amended during 2003, and no waivers, either explicit or implicit, of provisions of the code of ethics were granted to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer in 2003.
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Deloitte & Touche, Sociedad de Auditores y Consultores, Limitada, or Deloitte & Touche, acted as our independent auditor for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003. The chart below sets forth the total amount billed by Deloitte & Touche for services performed in the years 2002 and 2003:
(in thousands of Ch$) | ||
2003 | 2002 | |
Audit Fees | 177,568 | 166,137 |
Audit-Related Fees | 8,321 | 15,471 |
Tax Fees | 5,809 | 8,981 |
All Other Fees | 793 | 744 |
Total Fees | 192,491 | 191,333 |
Audit Fees
Audit fees are fees billed for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements.
Audit-Related Fees
Audit-related fees in 2002 and 2003 including consultation fees associated with our annual report on Form 20-F.
Tax Fees
Tax fees in 2002 and 2003 were related to services for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice.
Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
The audit committee approves all audit, audit-related services, tax services and other services provided by Deloitte & Touche. Any services provided by Deloitte & Touche that are not specifically included within the scope of the audit must be pre-approved by the audit committee prior to any engagement. The audit committee is permitted to approve certain fees for audit related services, tax services and other services pursuant to ade minimusexception before the completion of the engagement. In 2003, none of the fees paid to Deloitte & Touche were approved pursuant to thede minimusexception.
Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Not applicable.
Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
Not applicable.
Not applicable
Reference is made to pages F-1 through F-71
ExhibitDescription
1.1* Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
4.1* Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2002, among Madeco S.A. as Borrower, and Bank of America, N.A. and Bankboston N.A., Nassau Branch as Lenders
4.2* Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2002, among Madeco S.A. as Borrower, and Citibank, N.A., Agencia en Chile, Scotiabank Sud Americano, Banco de Chile, Dresdner Bank Lateinamerika, Banco del Estado de Chile, Banco de Credito e Inversiones, Corpbanca, Banco Bice, Banco Santander-Chile, Bankboston, N.A., Sucursal en Chile, Banco Security and Banco del Desarrollo, as Lenders.
- List of Subsidiaries of Madeco S.A.
- Code of Ethics
- Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
- Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
- Section 906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
13.2 Section 906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
* Incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002.
Signatures
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
Madeco S.A.
/s/Tiberio Dall'Olio
Chief Executive Officer
Date: June 30, 2004
Exhibits
ExhibitDescription
- The Company's Code of Ethics
- Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
- Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders of
Madeco S.A.
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Madeco S.A. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 all expressed in thousands of constant Chilean pesos. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Company's management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Madeco S.A. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of their operations and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in Chile.
Accounting principles generally accepted in Chile vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 36 to the consolidated financial statements.
As explained in note 2.b., the Board of Directors of the overseas subsidiary Metal Overseas S.A. decided to reserve the full amount of its interest in Optel Limitada.
As explained in note 12.b., during the last quarter of 2003, the indirect subsidiary Decker-Indelqui S.A. restarted production of copper pipes and metal casting at the Barracas and Llavallol plants, respectively.
Santiago, Chile
February 24, 2004, except for Note 36 as
to which the date is June 24, 2004
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES | |||||||||
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AT DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND 2003 | |||||||||
(Restated for general price-level changes) | |||||||||
At December 31, | |||||||||
2002 | 2003 | ||||||||
ASSETS | Note | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: | |||||||||
Cash | 3,695,724 | 2,037,981 | |||||||
Time deposits | 5 | 4,140,564 | 21,792,217 | ||||||
Marketable securities | 5 | - | 314,022 | ||||||
Trade accounts receivable (net) | 6 | 32,421,539 | 36,963,399 | ||||||
Notes receivable (net) | 6 | 6,521,077 | 5,807,472 | ||||||
Other receivables (net) | 6 | 1,928,647 | 1,954,096 | ||||||
Due from related companies | 7 | 765,421 | 570,882 | ||||||
Inventories (net) | 8 | 51,239,725 | 52,658,310 | ||||||
Recoverable taxes | 9 | 3,165,926 | 3,614,341 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses | 1,417,284 | 1,085,200 | |||||||
Deferred taxes (net) | 9 | 1,955,570 | 1,670,793 | ||||||
Other current assets | 10 | 14,751,591 | 16,803,324 | ||||||
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS | 122,003,068 | 145,272,037 | |||||||
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT: | 12 | ||||||||
Land | 15,419,400 | 13,699,149 | |||||||
Buildings and infrastructure | 63,099,259 | 54,452,992 | |||||||
Machinery and equipment | 255,371,790 | 211,135,464 | |||||||
Other property, plant and equipment | 13 | 30,723,071 | 28,956,161 | ||||||
Technical reappraisal of property, plant and equipment | 17,208,331 | 15,049,019 | |||||||
Accumulated depreciation (less) | (178,577,027) | (160,533,309) | |||||||
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT , NET | 12 | 203,244,824 | 162,759,476 | ||||||
OTHER ASSETS: | |||||||||
Investments in related companies | 14 | 10,543,864 | 8,736,656 | ||||||
Investments in other companies | 206,512 | 70,049 | |||||||
Goodwill | 15 | 33,818,792 | 24,904,060 | ||||||
Negative goodwill (less) | 15 | (55,969) | - | ||||||
Long-term receivables | 6 | 1,115,098 | 463,160 | ||||||
Due from related companies | 7 | 107,462 | 458,197 | ||||||
Long-term deferred taxes (net) | 9 | 2,507,204 | 1,825,100 | ||||||
Intangibles | 358,440 | 442,486 | |||||||
Amortization (less) | (68,437) | (112,357) | |||||||
Other | 16 | 8,152,741 | 8,856,926 | ||||||
TOTAL OTHER ASSETS | 56,685,707 | 45,644,277 | |||||||
TOTAL ASSETS | 381,933,599 | 353,675,790 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements |
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES | |||||
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AT DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND 2003 | |||||
(Restated for general price-level changes) | |||||
At December 31, | |||||
2002 | 2003 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | Note | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | |||||
Short-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions | 17 | 79,799,984 | 16,228,812 | ||
Current portion of long-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions | 17 | 59,241,959 | 5,307,755 | ||
Current portion of bonds payable | 19 | 5,542,453 | 26,908,042 | ||
Current portion of long-term liabilities | 49,674 | 685,190 | |||
Dividends payable | 285,236 | 31,606 | |||
Accounts payable | 9,602,088 | 8,986,866 | |||
Notes payable | 8,878,648 | 8,352,547 | |||
Other payables | 1,245,143 | 640,964 | |||
Due to related companies | 7 | 6,312,861 | 479,212 | ||
Accrued expenses | 20 | 7,432,584 | 7,231,466 | ||
Withholdings | 1,916,344 | 1,436,354 | |||
Unearned income | 305,826 | 1,596,591 | |||
Other current liabilities | 620,581 | 633,804 | |||
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES | 181,233,381 | 78,519,209 | |||
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES: | |||||
Liabilities with banks and financial institutions | 18 | 9,156,890 | 67,483,297 | ||
Bonds payable | 19 | 64,153,043 | 30,597,509 | ||
Notes payable | 114,862 | 66,039 | |||
Other payables | 6,669,287 | 6,556,151 | |||
Due to related companies | 7 | 1,453,789 | 7,456,126 | ||
Accrued expenses | 20 | 4,867,049 | 3,984,539 | ||
Other long-term liabilities | 542,446 | 1,504,714 | |||
TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES | 86,957,366 | 117,648,375 | |||
MINORITY INTEREST | 22 | 13,518,910 | 9,939,187 | ||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES | 29 | - | - | ||
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||
Paid-in capital | 120,928,716 | 187,967,126 | |||
Share premium | 5,985,198 | 33,406,119 | |||
Other reserves | 51,666,097 | 21,286,167 | |||
Retained earnings | (37,788,542) | (78,356,069) | |||
Loss for the year | (40,567,527) | (16,734,324) | |||
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY, (NET) | 23 | 100,223,942 | 147,569,019 | ||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | 381,933,599 | 353,675,790 | |||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements |
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES | |||||||||
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME | |||||||||
(Restated for general price-level changes) | |||||||||
For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||
Note | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||
OPERATING RESULTS: | |||||||||
NET SALES | 344,856,439 | 258,845,421 | 237,666,031 | ||||||
COST OF GOODS SOLD | (298,076,413) | (226,832,921) | (208,437,385) | ||||||
GROSS INCOME | 46,780,026 | 32,012,500 | 29,228,646 | ||||||
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES | (35,698,020) | (27,969,011) | (21,771,874) | ||||||
OPERATING INCOME | 11,082,006 | 4,043,489 | 7,456,772 | ||||||
NON-OPERATING RESULTS: | |||||||||
Non-operating income | 24 | 6,131,599 | 2,295,907 | 1,881,995 | |||||
Non-operating expenses | 24 | (56,452,794) | (41,819,623) | (25,698,148) | |||||
Price-level restatements | 4 | (13,729,721) | (8,526,775) | 1,739,726 | |||||
Non-operating expenses (net) | (64,050,916) | (48,050,491) | (22,076,427) | ||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES | (52,968,910) | (44,007,002) | (14,619,655) | ||||||
INCOME TAXES (PROVISION) BENEFIT | 9 | (434,674) | 1,416,371 | (1,592,412) | |||||
LOSS BEFORE MINORITY INTEREST | (53,403,584) | (42,590,631) | (16,212,067) | ||||||
MINORITY INTEREST | 22 | 1,332,804 | 2,017,913 | (578,227) | |||||
LOSS BEFORE AMORTIZATION OF | |||||||||
NEGATIVE GOODWILL | (52,070,780) | (40,572,718) | (16,790,294) | ||||||
AMORTIZATION OF NEGATIVE GOODWILL | 15 | 20,949 | 5,191 | 55,970 | |||||
NET LOSS FOR THE YEAR | (52,049,831) | (40,567,527) | (16,734,324) | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements |
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES | |||||||
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | |||||||
(Restated for general price-level changes) | |||||||
For the year ended December 31, | |||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||
Cash received from customers | 400,887,022 | 309,545,416 | 272,701,591 | ||||
Interest income received | 7,162,323 | 5,007,353 | 1,450,334 | ||||
Dividends and other distributions received | 45,215 | 446,229 | 67,547 | ||||
Other income received | 2,161,347 | 1,109,417 | 618,938 | ||||
Payments to suppliers and employees | (363,336,757) | (268,833,134) | (258,190,670) | ||||
Interest paid | (25,219,928) | (19,523,246) | (12,710,415) | ||||
Income taxes paid | (3,429,308) | (870,750) | (442,465) | ||||
Other expenses paid | (104,273) | (949,705) | (1,899,164) | ||||
Value-added tax and similar payments | (11,737,565) | (13,407,247) | (7,279,018) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 6,428,076 | 12,524,333 | (5,683,322) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock | - | 696,317 | 95,341,362 | ||||
Issuance of bonds | 25,074,512 | - | - | ||||
Repayments of bonds | (1,443,486) | (1,535,634) | (12,119,276) | ||||
Repayments of bank borrowings | (153,703,095) | (53,553,246) | (86,572,841) | ||||
Banks loans obtained | 125,179,897 | 49,803,341 | 37,654,059 | ||||
Payment of dividends by subsidiaries | (273,396) | (24,078) | (43,196) | ||||
Bond issuance costs | (337,868) | - | - | ||||
Proceeds from documented loans from related companies | - | 1,423,143 | - | ||||
Payment of capital stock issuance expenses | - | (17,533) | (881,894) | ||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (5,503,436) | (3,207,690) | 33,378,214 | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||
Other investment income | 1,623,694 | 290,968 | 345,785 | ||||
Capital expenditures | (8,734,175) | (6,464,838) | (3,478,819) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of investments | 12,833,424 | - | - | ||||
Proceeds from sale of permanent investments | - | - | 135,774 | ||||
Proceeds from sale of other investments | - | - | 20,193,193 | ||||
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment | 166,308 | 813,248 | 1,071,567 | ||||
Increase in investments | (6,802,422) | - | (17,929) | ||||
Investment in marketable securities | (2,452,223) | (249,600) | (48,762,061) | ||||
Other | (236,621) | - | - | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (3,602,015) | (5,610,222) | (30,512,490) | ||||
EFFECT OF PRICE-LEVEL RESTATEMENTS ON CASH AND | |||||||
CASH EQUIVALENTS DURING THE YEAR | (1,723,556) | (495,398) | 402,403 | ||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | (4,400,931) | 3,211,023 | (2,415,195) | ||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR | 9,026,196 | 4,625,265 | 7,836,288 | ||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR | 4,625,265 | 7,836,288 | 5,421,093 | ||||
(Continued) |
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES | ||||||
RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THE NET CASH FLOWS | ||||||
PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES AND NET LOSS FOR THE YEAR | ||||||
(Restated for general price-level changes) | ||||||
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||
RECONCILIATION OF NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES TO NET LOSS FOR THE YEAR | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Net loss for the year | (52,049,831) | (40,567,527) | (16,734,324) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows provided | ||||||
by operating activities: | ||||||
Depreciation for the year | 15,348,452 | 12,913,549 | 11,072,480 | |||
Amortization of goodwill and intangibles | 2,720,177 | 2,366,948 | 1,838,021 | |||
Equity in net earnings of affiliated companies | 51,471 | (284,154) | (38,458) | |||
Equity in loss of related companies | - | 70,089 | ||||
Loss (gain) on sales of property, plant and equipment | 7,062 | (156,202) | (139,882) | |||
Bad debt and inventory obsolescence expense | 4,667,686 | 6,885,130 | 4,359,794 | |||
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries | (1,332,804) | (2,017,913) | 578,227 | |||
Gain on sale of investments | (3,446,734) | - | (7,371) | |||
Loss on sale of investments | 3,825 | - | - | |||
Price-level restatements | 13,729,721 | 8,526,775 | (1,739,726) | |||
Others | 17,662,225 | 18,067,749 | 11,418,823 | |||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from | ||||||
purchased companies: | ||||||
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable | 19,286,618 | 6,035,610 | (9,434,420) | |||
Decrease (increase) in inventories | 12,037,502 | 11,791,150 | (1,747,410) | |||
Decrease (increase) in other assets | (2,829,541) | 25,108,111 | (5,497,125) | |||
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable | (22,396,908) | (35,736,570) | 100,323 | |||
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities | 2,969,155 | (408,323) | 217,637 | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 6,428,076 | 12,524,333 | (5,683,322) | |||
(Concluded) | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements |
MADECO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(Restated for general price-level changes and expressed in thousands of constant Chilean pesos (ThCh$) of December 31, 2003)
NOTE 1. THE COMPANY
Madeco S.A. is asociedad anónima abierta (open stock corporation) organized under the laws of the Republic of Chile ("Chile"), whose shares and American Depositary Receipts are quoted on the Chilean and New York Stock Exchanges, respectively, and whose financial statements are filed with ChileanSuperintendencia de Valores y Seguros (Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, or "SVS") and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Unless otherwise specified, all references to "Madeco" or the "Company" are to Madeco S.A. together with its consolidated subsidiaries and references to "Madeco Chile" include only Madeco S.A.
The Company is the leading manufacturer in terms of sales and production volume of copper-and-aluminum based products in Chile, selling its products and providing its services to several important sectors of the Chilean economy, most notably the wire and cable, brass mill, flexible packaging and aluminum profiles segments. The Company has expanded into the Argentine market, principally in the production of telecommunications cables, electric power transmission cable, copper tubes and packaging, and into Peru in the wire and cable segment. In January 1997, the Company expanded into Brazil by acquiring a 67% interest in FICAP S.A. ("Ficap"), which is the second largest Brazilian manufacturer of conductive cable and wire and Brazil's third largest manufacturer of optical fiber cable. In February 1998, Madeco acquired the remaining 33% interest in Ficap.
During 1999, in cooperation with Corning Inc., the Company created Ficap Optel Ltda., a Brazilian joint venture created to produce, sell and distribute optical fiber cables. The Company and Corning initially owned 75% and 25%, respectively.
During March 2001, the Company modified its Ficap Optel joint venture agreement with Corning Inc. Corning increased its interest in Ficap Optel from 25% to 50% by acquiring an additional 25% interest, from the Company, for US$20 million (MCh$14,516). The consideration was paid in cash during April 2001, resulting in a net gain of US$5 million (MCh$3,629) for the Company. According to the joint venture agreement, the Company has the right to appoint the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer of the joint venture. Therefore, as the Company controls, through its subsidiary Madeco Brasil S.A., this joint venture, it is consolidated with Metal Overseas S.A. As part of the new joint venture arrangement, Ficap Optel Ltda. changed its name to Optel Ltda. and purchased 99.9% of Optel Argentina S.A. (formerly Corning Cable Systems Argentina S.A.) for US$10 million (MCh$7,258), which was financed through a bank debt.
The Company and its subsidiary Madeco Brasil Ltda. filed an arbitration claim at the city of New York before the American Arbitration Association against Corning International Corporation ("Corning Inc."), based on the fact that Corning Inc. has attempted to unjustifiably terminate the agreements entered into with the Company regarding Ficap Optel Ltda. ("Optel") a Brazilian company in which Corning International Corporation and Madeco Brasil Ltda., are owners in equal shares. In turn, Corning Inc. has filed a counterclaim against the Company, by virtue of which it requests, among other things, that Corning Inc. be declared entitled to terminate the agreements with the Company.
The Company was notified of the ruling passed by the arbitration proceeding. This ruling, among other provisions, declares terminated the Investment Agreement of 1999, signed by the same parties on June 12, 1999, and the amendments thereof. This implies the loss of the put the Company had to sell its Ficap Optel Ltda. shares in Brazil to Corning Inc., at a price of US$18,000,000.
In addition, the ruling declared null the Investment Agreement and therefore Madeco S.A. loses is right to manage the Company.
Finally, the ruling forces acceptance of Corning Incs. decision, when rendered, to liquidate. For this reason, Madeco S.A. decided to provide for its full 50% interest in Optel.
At year-end 2001, as a result of the economic and political crisis in Argentina, the Company decided to temporarily close its Argentine subsidiary Decker-Indelqui S.A. (a subsidiary of Metalúrgica Industrial Argentina S.A.) in January, 2002. The manufacturing operations of Decker -Indelqui S.A. were suspended for the plants located in Quilmes, Barracas, San Luis and Llavallol. The property, plant and equipment involved totaled approximately ThCh$25,935,400 (historic value).
In light of the economic situation in Argentina, a non-recurring provision has been accrued in the amount of ThCh$12,834,224 in 2001 (historic value), which has been directly reduced from Property, plant and equipment and from Other long-term assets, and has been included in Other non-operating expenses (See Note 24).
All employees at the above mentioned plants were laid off. Severance indemnity accrued in the year ended December 31, 2001 related to this lay-off totaled ThCh$3,249,764 (historic value) and has been included in Other non-operating expenses (See Note 24).
After the close of the year ended December 31, 2001, Law No. 25,561 was enacted in Argentina, which, among other things, ended the fixed exchange rate that tied the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar on a 1 to 1 basis, voided indexation based on the Consumer Price Index of other countries, and authorized the Argentine government to renegotiate concession contracts with utility companies.
As a result of Law No. 25,561, the Argentine government established an official exchange rate of 1.4 Argentine peso per 1 U.S. dollar for certain foreign trade operations, and a floating exchange rate for all other transactions, the floating exchange rate was 1.7 Argentine pesos per 1 U.S. dollar on the first day of operations of the exchange market.
Also, the Argentine government decided to convert all U.S. dollar-denominated assets and liabilities to Argentine pesos, except for bank deposits, using a 1-to-1 exchange rate.
Subsequent to December 31, 2001, Law No. 25.561 on Public Emergency and Reform to the Exchange Regime of the Republic of Argentina was enacted, which stipulated among other things, the end of the convertibility that fixed the Argentinean peso parity 1 to 1 with the US dollar. The total of the assets related to the investments in Argentinean companies, at December 31, 2001 amounts to ThCh$70,399,747 (historic value), net of extraordinary provisions of ThCh$12,608,636 (historic value), which were accrued by the Company in order to reflect the effects that at that date were anticipated from the situation the country was undergoing.
During the second quarter of 2002, Company management carried out a study based on the temporary closure of productive plants in Argentina, which showed that the value of property, plant and equipment was not exposed to serious losses since the restart of productive activities starting 2004 would make it possible to reverse the situation and obtain an investment return in a period that was not greater than the carrying amount of the assets.
At December 31, 2002, Company management accrued a provision of ThCh$4,693,961 (historic value) for the Lamination plant (Lomas) of the indirect subsidiary Decker Indelqui S.A. as it had suspended production with no future restart anticipated. This asset, net of provision, was classified in Other Long Term Assets.
Additionally, a ThCh$1,445,843 (historic value) provision was accrued for taxes recoverable from the Argentinean Government, as they were considered to be more likely than not unrecoverable.
During the last quarter of 2003, as a consequence of the good performance of copper pipe exports from Chile and the increase in Argentinean demand for such products, the indirect subsidiary Decker-Indelqui S.A. restarted its industrial activities with the production of copper pipes and metal casting at the plants of Barracas and Llavallol, respectively. This reopening led to an increase in personnel of approximately 50 persons, which include workers and administrators, aimed at production once normal operation level has been reached.
At December 31, 2003 the indirect subsidiary Meta1 Overseas S.A., has provided for its 50% participation in Optel Ltd. ("Optel") and other expenses for ThCh$4,9l7,485, as a result of the unfavorable decision in the arbitration proceeding that the Company had against Corning International Corporation ("Corming Inc."), owner of the other 50% (see Note 2.b.).
As a consequence of the preceding comments, Meta1 Overseas S.A., has lost management control of Optel, and, this indirect subsidiary has been not consolidated at December 31, 2003, being treated as an equity-method investee.
NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Basis of presentation- The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Chile ("Chilean GAAP") and the accounting standards of the SVS.
For the convenience of the readers, the consolidated financial statements have been translated into English, and additionally, certain reclassifications have been made and certain subtotals and clarifying account descriptions have been added.
b. Basis of consolidation- The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Madeco Chile and majority-owned subsidiary corporations, after elimination of all material intercompany accounts, transaction, and profits. Investment in companies representing ownership of at least 10% but less than 50% are accounted for under the equity method. The consolidated financial statements for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003 include the following major subsidiaries:
Company name | Percentage participation | ||||
2001 |
| 2002 |
| 2003 | |
Alusa S.A. and subsidiaries | 75.96 | 75.96 | 75.96 | ||
Armat S.A. | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||
Indalum S.A. and subsidiaries | 99.16 | 99.16 | 99.16 | ||
Soinmad S.A. and subsidiaries | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||
Comercial Madeco S.A. - Argentina | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||
Indeco S.A. - Perú (1) | 92.25 | 92.74 | 92.92 | ||
Madeco Overseas S.A. - Cayman Islands | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||
Metal Overseas S.A. and subsidiaries - Cayman Islands (*) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||
Metalúrgica Industrial Argentina S.A. and subsidiaries - Argentina | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
(1) Increase of ownership due to purchase of shares.
(*) At December 31, 2003 the indirect subsidiary Meta1 Overseas S.A., has provided for its 50% participation in Optel Ltd. ("Optel") and other expenses for ThCh$4,9l7,485, as a result of the unfavorable decision in the arbitration proceeding that the Company had against Corning International Corporation ("Corming Inc."), owner of the other 50%.
As a consequence of the preceding comments, Meta1 Overseas S.A., has lost management control of Optel, and, this indirect subsidiary has been not consolidated at December 31, 2003, being treated as an affiliate.
c. Price-Level Restatement (Monetary Correction)- The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis of general price-level accounting in order to reflect the effect of changes in the purchasing power of the Chilean peso during each year. At the end of each reporting period, the consolidated financial statements are stated in terms of the general purchasing power of the Chilean peso using changes in the Chilean Indice de Precios al Consumidor (Consumer Price Index, or "IPC") as follows:
- Nonmonetary assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity accounts are restated in terms of year-end purchasing power.
- Monetary items are not restated as such items are, by their nature, stated in terms of current purchasing power in the financial statements.
- The price-level restatement credit or charge in the income statement represents the monetary gain or loss in purchasing power from holding assets and liabilities exposed to the effects of inflation.
- All the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been restated in constant Chilean pesos of general purchasing power on December 31, 2003 ("constant pesos") applied under the "prior month rule" as described below, to reflect changes in the IPC from the financial statement dates to December 31, 2003. This updating does not change the prior years' statements or information in any way except to update the amounts to constant pesos of similar purchasing power.
The general price-level restatements are calculated using the official consumer price index of the Chilean Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (National Statistics Institute, or "INE") and are based on the prior month rule, in which the inflation adjustments are based on the consumer price index at the close of the month preceding the close of the respective period or transaction. The IPC index is considered by the business community, the accounting profession and the Chilean government to be the index which most closely complies with the technical requirement to reflect the variation in the general level of prices in the country and, consequently, is widely used for financial reporting purposes in Chile.
The values of the Chilean IPC used for price-level restatement purposes are as follows:
December 31, | |||
Year | Index * | Change in index | |
2001 | 110.10 | 3.1% | |
2002 | 113.36 | 3.0% | |
2003 | 114.44 | 1.0% |
* Index as of November 30 of each year, under prior month rule described above.
The price-level restated consolidated financial statements do not purport to represent appraised values, replacement cost, or any other current value of assets at which transactions would take place currently and are only intended to restate all nonmonetary financial statement components in terms of local currency of a single purchasing power and to include in the net result for each year the gain or loss in purchasing power arising from the holding of monetary assets and liabilities exposed to the effects of inflation.
d. Foreign currency translation - Balances in foreign currencies have been translated at the year-end exchange rates. Indexed balances have been adjusted according to the readjustment index of the balance or as agreed to for this purpose.
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies and UF (an inflation index-linked unit of account) have been translated into Chilean pesos at the following year-end exchange rates:
Currency | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
$ | $ | $ | |
United States Dollar | 654.79 | 718.61 | 593.80 |
UF | 16,262.66 | 16,744.12 | 16,920.00 |
e. Time deposits - Time deposits are shown at principal, plus accrued interest and indexation at year-end.
f. Marketable securities - The mutual fund units (fixed income) have been recorded at the current value of the end of each financial year.
g. Inventories- Inventories of finished products, work in progress and by-products are valued at production cost including in direct manufacturing costs plus price-level restatement. Inventories of goods for resale, raw materials, other materials and in transit are valued at monetarily corrected cost. Work in progress and finished goods include direct and indirect manufacturing costs. Inventory values do not exceed their estimated net realizable value. The related obsolescence allowances have been deducted from inventories.
h. Allowance for doubtful accounts- The Parent Company and its subsidiaries provide for doubtful accounts based on the aging of balances and the customer's financial standing. This allowance is presented as a deduction from Trade Accounts Receivable, Notes Receivable and Other Receivables.
i. Recoverable taxes- This item includes basically recoverable taxes paid on profits absorbed by tax losses (estimated monthly income tax prepayment), training expense credits and other recoverable taxes. In addition, it includes the balance of the VAT credit that can be used in the future.
j. Property, plant and equipment - Property, plant and equipment are shown at restated cost that includes actual financing costs incurred by the Company until the assets are in a condition to be used. Amounts so determined are presented net of allowance for obsolescence.
Depreciation has been calculated on a straight-line basis over the following useful lives:
Years | |
Buildings and infraestructure | 20 - 30 |
Machinery and equipment | 5 - 10 |
Leased fixed assets | 10 - 20 |
Other fixed assets | 5 - 10 |
k. Depreciation- Depreciation has been determined using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of assets, taking into account the increase in value from the technical reappraisal in accordance with Circular No. 1529 of the Chilean Securities and Insurance, if applicable.
l. Capital leases - Assets acquired under finance leases are accounted for as acquisitions of property, plant and equipment, recording liability obligation and interest as incurred. The assets are not legally owned by Madeco until they exercise the purchase option.
m. Leasebacks- Madeco records the sale and leaseback of assets maintaining the same value of the assets prior to the transaction. The assets will belong legally to the Madeco after they exercise the purchase option. Losses arising from these transactions are recognized immediately. The assets are included in leased assets in property, plant and equipment.
n. Intangibles - These relate to payments for trademarks and their registration, which represent a potential source of earnings for the Company. They are amortized over the period in which they are expected to benefit the Company in accordance with governmentally defined expiration dates, according to Boletín Técnico No. 55 (Technical Bulletin No. 55, or "BT55") of the Chilean Institute of Accountants.
o. Investments in related companies- Investments in unconsolidated related companies are shown under Other assets and are recorded using the equity method when they represent between 10% and 50% of the voting stock of the investee. Accordingly, the Company's proportional share in net income and losses of each investee is recognized in the non-operating income and expense classifications in the Consolidated Statements of Income on the accrual basis, after eliminating any unrealized profits from transactions between related companies.
Investments in foreign subsidiaries have been valued in accordance withBoletín Técnico No. 64 (Technical Bulletin No. 64, or "BT64") of the Chilean Institute of Accountants and the necessary adjustments have been made to recognize taxes payable by the Company.
p. Goodwill and negative goodwill- The amounts presented for goodwill and negative goodwill represent the difference between the cost of shares in related companies and the equity value of the investment at the time of purchase. Goodwill is amortized over the expected period of return of the investment, with a maximum of 20 years.
q. Other assets - Other- Other assets include inventories with no turnover during the year, valued at cost less allowance for obsolescence.
Also included are assets that are expected to remain idle for an indefinite period, after adjustment to their estimated realizable value.
Other assets also includes judicial deposits and discounts on bonds issued. Fixed assets held for sale have been transferred to current assets and provisions have been recorded to adjust them to their realizable value.
r. Bonds -This item corresponds to the bonds issued by Madeco Chile, at par value plus accrued indexation and interest at each year-end. The difference between par value and the proceeds actually received is deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the bonds. This method of amortization approximates the effective interest rate method.
s. Income tax and deferred taxes- Madeco recognizes its income tax obligations in accordance with the tax laws of the respective countries in which it operates. Deferred taxes arising from those items with different tax and book treatment have been recorded as established inBoletín Técnico No. 60 (Technical Bulletin No. 60, or "BT60") of the Chilean Institute of Accountants, as amended.
t. Staff severance indemnities and vacations- The Company and its subsidiaries that have agreed to pay severance indemnity, record a liability for the payment of long-term severance indemnities based on the present value method (accrued cost of the benefit) assuming an annual discount rate of 6% to 7% and an estimated service period depending on the age and probable tenure of the employee until retirement.
u. Vacations- Employee vacations are shown on an accrued basis at each year-end.
v. Revenue recognition- In general, revenue is recognized when goods are shipped. Income which the Company has billed and collected in advance is deferred until the related goods are shipped. Revenues from telephone line installation contracts are recognized by the percentage of completion method based on the relationship of actual cost incurred to total costs estimated to be incurred over the duration of the contract. Provisions for anticipated contract losses are recognized at the time they become known.
w. Translation of foreign currency financial statements- In accordance with Technical Bulletin No.64, the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries whose activities do not constitute an extension of the Chilean company's operations, or which operate in countries that are exposed to significant risks, restrictions or inflation/exchange fluctuations must be remeasured into U.S. dollars and then translated into Chilean pesos at the year-end exchange rate. Accordingly, the financial statements of the Company's operations outside of Chile are prepared in accordance with Chilean GAAP, with the exception of monetary correction, and are remeasured into U.S. dollars as follows:
- Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at year-end rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- All non-monetary assets and liabilities and shareholders' equity are translated at historical rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- Income and expense accounts are translated at average rates of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the local currency.
- Any exchange differences are included in the results of operations for the period.
Price-level restatement based on Chilean inflation is applied to any investment equity balances on the Company's books and participation in income is recorded as described above. The Company then compares this value to its participation in the equity of the investee as remeasured into U.S. dollars and translated into Chilean pesos. Any differences are recorded as an adjustment to the investment account and to Shareholders' Equity as "cumulative adjustment from foreign currency translation".
In addition, Technical Bulletin No.64 introduced the concept of recording the effect of foreign exchange adjustments arising from hedge transactions that cover the exposure of investments abroad. The excess of exchange losses over related Price-level restatements has been charged to the Cumulative adjustment from foreign currency translation account.
Certain subsidiaries incorporated in the Cayman Islands prepare their financial statements in U.S. dollars. These financial statements are translated to Chilean pesos at the Observed Exchange Rate at the close of each period. Foreign exchange gains or losses arising from the translation of these financial statements are included in the results of operations as part of the Price-level restatement account.
x. Software applications - Software has been acquired in the form of software packages that are recorded in other property, plant and equipment. This software is being amortized over 4 years in conformity with Circular No. 981 of the SVS.
y. Commercial paper - Commercial paper are valued at cost plus accrued interest and indexation at year-end, and are recorded in Other Current Assets.
z. Forward foreign exchange contracts - The Company maintains derivative contracts to cover the risks of fluctuation in foreign exchange which are considered as hedge contracts. Derivative instruments (foreign exchange forwards and swaps) are stated at market value in accordance withBoletín Técnico No. 57 (Technical Bulletin No. 57, or "BT57") of the Chilean Institute of Accountants.
aa. Use of estimates- The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
bb. Statements of cash flows- Cash equivalents correspond to short-term investments made in the course of normal cash management that can be readily realized within 90 days, with a minimum risk of significant loss. Investments included as cash equivalents are time deposits, mutual funds and financial instruments under resale agreements.
Cash flows from operating activities include all those cash flows related to the primary operating activities of the Company and also include interest paid, interest income and, in general, all those flows that are not defined as investing or financing activities. The concept of operating activities used in this statement is broader than the concept of operating income used in the Statement of Income.
cc. Long-lived assets- The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
NOTE 3. CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES
During 2003 there were no changes in accounting policies from the prior year that might have a significant impact on the interpretation of these consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 4. PRICE-LEVEL RESTATEMENTS
Price-level restatements are determined under Chilean GAAP as follows:
(Charge) credit | |||||
For the years ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Restatement of: | |||||
Property, plant and equipment | 2,965,906 | 2,580,849 | 842,533 | ||
Inventories | (2,940,414) | 1,985,762 | 2,256,813 | ||
Other assets | 3,323,511 | 4,941,165 | 1,385,059 | ||
Shareholders' equity | (5,004,778) | (3,743,900) | (1,220,292) | ||
Income and expense accounts | (24,114) | (103,801) | 1,338 | ||
Net inflation adjustment | (1,679,889) | 5,660,075 | 3,265,451 | ||
Net adjustment of accounts denominated in UFs: | |||||
Assets | 268,031 | 265,123 | 23,562 | ||
Liabilities | (2,705,909) | (2,167,689) | (1,257,939) | ||
Foreign exchange loss | (9,611,954) | (12,284,284) | (291,348) | ||
Total price-level restatement (loss) income | (13,729,721) | (8,526,775) | 1,739,726 |
NOTE 5. TIME DEPOSITS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, time deposits and marketable securities valued in accordance with Note 2.e. and 2.f., include:
As of December 31, | |||
Time deposits | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Bank | |||
Santander Santiago | - | 19,063,127 | |
Chile | 2,177,455 | 2,406,474 | |
Citibank | 251 | 264,254 | |
Bice | 127,572 | - | |
Shaim | 47,227 | 58,362 | |
BNL do Brasil | 622,680 | - | |
ABC Brasil | 308,680 | - | |
Bank Boston | 543,370 | - | |
Sudameris do Brasil | 313,329 | - | |
Total time deposits | 4,140,564 | 21,792,217 | |
Marketable securities | - | 314,022 |
NOTE 6. SHORT- AND LONG-TERM RECEIVABLES
The detail of short- and long-term receivables at December 31, 2002 and 2003 is as follows:
More than 90 days | 2003 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Within 90 days | but within 1 year | Subtotal | Total Current (net) | Total Long-Term (Net) | ||||||||
Current | Prior | Current | Prior | Prior | Current | Prior | Current | Prior | ||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||
Trade accounts receivable | 31,238,187 | 39,719,327 | 1,093,695 | 3,038,695 | 42,758,022 | 36,963,399 | 32,421,539 | - | - | |||
Allowance for trade | ||||||||||||
accounts receivable | - | - | - | - | (5,794,623) | - | - | - | - | |||
Notes receivable | 3,301,234 | 5,843,359 | 3,219,843 | 2,671,333 | 8,514,692 | 5,807,472 | 6,521,077 | - | - | |||
Allowance for | ||||||||||||
notes receivable | - | - | - | - | (2,707,220) | - | - | - | - | |||
Other receivables | 1,806,315 | 1,306,486 | 122,332 | 2,392,977 | 3,699,463 | 1,954,096 | 1,928,647 | 463,160 | 1,115,098 | |||
Allowance for | ||||||||||||
other receivables | - | - | - | - | (1,745,367) | - | - | - | - |
Trade accounts receivables, notes receivables and other receivables (net of allowance for uncollectible accounts, including long-term) are segregated by business unit as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||||||
Business unit | ThCh$ | % | ThCh$ | % | |||
Wire & Cable | 17,423,286 | 41.49 | 21,377,912 | 47.31 | |||
Brass Mills | 9,393,056 | 22.37 | 7,184,964 | 15.90 | |||
Flexible Packaging | 7,370,954 | 17.56 | 8,918,649 | 19.74 | |||
Aluminum | 7,799,065 | 18.58 | 7,706,602 | 17.05 | |||
Total | 41,986,361 | 100.00 | 45,188,127 | 100.00 |
NOTE 7. SIGNIFICANT BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED COMPANIES
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the balances are as follows:
a. Notes and accounts receivable
Short-term | Long-term | ||||
Company | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Alte S.A. | 30,328 | 22,112 | - | - | |
CNT Telefónica del Sur S.A. | 5,078 | 18,034 | - | - | |
Cobrecon S.A. | 248,457 | 172,055 | - | - | |
Colada continua Chilena S.A. | 36,934 | 18,351 | - | - | |
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. | 516 | 4,866 | - | - | |
Electromecánica Industrial S.A. | 239,376 | 3,749 | 107,462 | 246,413 | |
Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. | 125,945 | 221,629 | - | - | |
Empresa Nacional de Telecomunicaciones S.A. | 8,459 | 15,772 | - | - | |
Ferrocarril Antofagasta Bolivia S.A. | - | 321 | - | - | |
Inversiones Ontario S.A. (c) | - | 3,222 | - | 211,784 | |
Luchetti Chile S.A. | 12,598 | 33,702 | - | - | |
Minera Los Pelambres S.A. | 889 | 880 | - | - | |
Minera Michilla S.A. | 5 | 5 | - | - | |
Transportes CCU Limitada | 40,078 | 48,476 | - | - | |
Viña San Pedro S.A. | 16,758 | 7,708 | - | - | |
765,421 | 570,882 | 107,462 | 458,197 |
b. Notes and accounts payable
Short-term | Long-term | ||||
Company | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Cobrecon S.A. | 26,427 | 23,256 | - | - | |
Colada Continua Chilena S.A. | 185,266 | 276,948 | - | - | |
Electromecánica Industrial S.A. | 34,589 | 22,682 | - | - | |
Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. | 571 | 1,461 | - | - | |
Entel Chile S.A. | 276 | 21 | - | - | |
Entel PCS S.A. | - | 1,095 | - | - | |
Minera Michilla S.A. | 35,222 | 81,953 | - | - | |
Peruplast S.A. | 12,459 | 8,227 | - | - | |
Quiñenco S.A. (a) | 6,018,051 | 63,299 | 1,453,789 | 7,456,126 | |
Viña San Pedro S.A. | - | 270 | - | - | |
6,312,861 | 479,212 | 1,453,789 | 7,456,126 |
"Liabilities with banks and financial institutions" includes the balances outstanding with Banco de Chile (Related company).
Transactions with related companies are conducted under market conditions.
c. Transactions with related companies in 2002 and 2003 are as follows:
2002 | 2003 | |||||||
Effect on | Effect on | |||||||
Description of | Income | Income | ||||||
Company | Relationship | Transaction | Amount | (charge)/credit | Amount | (charge)/credit | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Alte S.A. | Investee | Sales (1) | 225,924 | 191,461 | 163,442 | 138,510 | ||
Services (5) | - | - | 10,821 | (9,170) | ||||
Banco de Chile | Common shareholders | Financial expense (4) | 320,418 | (320,418) | 275,997 | (271,919) | ||
Purchase of fixed assets | - | - | 164,584 | - | ||||
Sale of fixed assets | - | - | 164,584 | - | ||||
Compañía Cervecerias Unidas S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 15,763 | 13,358 | 23,324 | 19,721 | ||
Cervecera CCU Chile Ltda. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 1,643 | 1,393 | - | - | ||
Cia. Telefónica Coyhaique S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 1,795 | 1,521 | - | - | ||
CNT Telefónica del Sur S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 206,310 | 174,839 | 145,204 | 123,053 | ||
Cobrecon | Investee | Maquila service (2) | 16,231 | - | - | 115,692 | ||
Colada Continua Chilena S.A. | Investee | Maquila service (2) | 1,449,679 | - | 1,232,314 | - | ||
Sales (1) | 6,868 | 5,821 | 95,245 | 80,535 | ||||
Electromecánica Industrial S.A.( b ) | Affiliated | Services (5) | 36,933 | (31,299) | 55,736 | (47,234) | ||
Financial income (3) | 214,924 | 15,618 | 246,413 | 14,470 | ||||
Sales (1) | 104,841 | 88,849 | 71,229 | 60,364 | ||||
Emobotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 810,603 | 686,952 | 901,727 | 761,700 | ||
Services (5) | 5,391 | (4,569) | 6,988 | (5,922) | ||||
Entel S.A | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 45,816 | 38,826 | 23,744 | 20,113 | ||
Services (5) | 22,511 | (19,077) | 25,142 | (20,716) | ||||
Ferrocarril Antofagasta Bolivia S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 246 | (208) | 507 | 429 | ||
Hoteles Carrera S.A. | Common shareholders | Services (5) | 923 | (783) | 1,341 | (1,136) | ||
Inmobiliaria del Norte S.A. | Common shareholders | Services (5) | 16,117 | (13,658) | 1,358 | (1,151) | ||
Inmobiliaria Monte Verde S.A. | Common shareholders | Services (5) | - | - | 16,944 | (14,359) | ||
Inversiones Ontario S.A. ( c ) | Affiliated | Financial income (3) | 264,938 | 19,059 | 211,783 | 5,113 | ||
Lorenzo Zecchetto | Affiliated | Sales (1) | - | - | 7 | 6 | ||
Lucchetti S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 39,389 | 33,381 | 101,932 | 86,383 | ||
Minas El Tesoro | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | - | - | 141,647 | 120,040 | ||
Inventories (2) | 975,169 | - | - | - | ||||
Minera Los Pelambres | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 304,371 | 257,041 | 383,121 | 324,679 | ||
Minera Michilla | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 50,667 | 42,938 | 113,155 | 95,894 | ||
Inventories (2) | 331,997 | - | 536,612 | - | ||||
Financial income (3) | - | - | 1,987 | 1,670 | ||||
Peruplast | Investee | Inventories (2) | 43,787 | 43,787 | 62,976 | 62,976 | ||
Quiñenco S.A. (a) | Parent company | Financial income (3) | 7,525,441 | (417,632) | 7,456,126 | (251,087) | ||
Sociedad Inmobiliaria Del Norte | Common shareholders | Services (5) | 16,117 | (13,658) | 1,358 | - | ||
Transportes CCU Ltda. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 95,428 | 80,871 | 129,155 | 109,046 | ||
Viña San Pedro S.A. | Common shareholders | Sales (1) | 68,588 | 58,126 | 70,404 | 59,576 |
(1) Sales
(2) Inventories
(3) Financial income
(4) Financial expense
(5) Administrative expense
- Balances payable to Quiñenco S.A. (Parent Company) relate to a long-term loan at a rate of TAB + 1.75% (6.5% in 2002) repayable in March 2010.
- The amounts receivable from Electromecánica Industrial S.A. relate a long-term loan at a rate of TAB + 1.75%.
- The amounts receivable from Inversiones Ontario S.A. related to a long-term loan at a rate of TAB + 1.75%.
The short-term receivable and payable balances correspond to the open accounts and are interest free.
NOTE 8. INVENTORIES
At December 31, 2002 and 2003 inventories, valued as described in Note 2.g., are as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Finished products | 17,062,232 | 16,332,326 | |
Products in process | 9,311,271 | 10,211,059 | |
Raw materials | 14,656,012 | 15,506,338 | |
Supplies | 5,969,966 | 5,841,302 | |
Products in transit | 1,661,628 | 1,305,385 | |
Goods for resale | 2,578,616 | 3,461,900 | |
Total | 51,239,725 | 52,658,310 |
NOTE 9. DEFERRED TAXES AND INCOME TAXES
- Recoverable taxes
- Tax credits
- Deferred taxes
- Income taxes
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the detail of the income taxes receivable recorded by the Company and its subsidiaries as described in Note 2.i., is as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
First category income tax | (829,494) | (643,571) | |
Tax on disallowed expenses (Article 21 tax) | (26,729) | (70,479) | |
Subtotal | (856,223) | (714,050) | |
Estimated monthly tax payments | 697,159 | 693,350 | |
Tax credits for tax losses | 385,103 | 177,700 | |
Other credits | 2,939,887 | 3,457,341 | |
Total recoverable taxes | 3,165,926 | 3,614,341 |
The balance of the Company's retained taxable profits which are entitled to credits for First Category Tax that will be granted to shareholders when dividends are distributed are as follows:
Year | No Credit | 15% Credit | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
1997 | 8,542,072 | - | |
1998 | 3,066,790 | 11,538,488 | |
1999 | 168,473 | 5,813,656 | |
2000 | 385,342 | 1,238,814 | |
2001 | - | 2,220,580 | |
2002 | 218,769 | - |
Circular No. 1466 of SVS required the application of Technical Bulletin No. 60, as amended, starting January 1, 2000.
At December 31, 2002 and 2003 the detail of accumulated balances from deferred taxes and their respective complementary accounts, net of amortization, is as follows:
December 31, 2002 | December 31, 2003 | ||||||||||
Deferred tax asset | Deferred tax liability | Deferred tax asset | Deferred tax liability | ||||||||
Short-term | Long-term | Short-term | Long-term | Short-term | Long-term | Short-term | Long-term | ||||
Temporary differences | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Allowance for uncollectible accounts | 1,051,139 | - | - | - | 799,357 | - | - | - | |||
Vacations | 117,848 | - | - | - | 117,570 | - | - | - | |||
Leased assets | - | - | 64,815 | 2,259,148 | - | - | 46,391 | 2,226,654 | |||
Manufacturing expenses | - | - | 472,048 | - | - | - | 481,023 | - | |||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | - | - | 243,049 | 4,367,659 | - | - | 219,853 | 4,158,518 | |||
Severance indemnity | - | - | 2,947 | 384,496 | - | - | - | 564,309 | |||
Others | 452,965 | 265,846 | 46,831 | 260,415 | 327,710 | 157,332 | - | 154,803 | |||
Differential in placement of bonds | - | - | - | 407,126 | - | - | - | 255,785 | |||
Collective negotiation bonus s/t and l/t | - | - | 171,094 | 92,850 | - | - | 136,795 | 1,806 | |||
Provision for decrease in value of property, plant and equipment for sale | 98,366 | - | - | - | 136,758 | - | - | - | |||
Provision of other current and long-term assets | - | 384,701 | - | - | 264,932 | 279,894 | - | - | |||
Provision appraisal of other current assets | 332,546 | - | - | - | 14,249 | 328,382 | - | - | |||
Software expenses | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 38,322 | |||
Provision for obsolescence of inventories | 530,689 | 131,097 | - | - | 511,105 | 97,564 | - | - | |||
Provision for obsolescence of property, | |||||||||||
plant and equipment | - | 113,735 | - | - | 13,600 | - | - | - | |||
Deferred exchange differences | 216,340 | - | - | - | 152,873 | - | - | - | |||
Realization value of property,plant and equipment | - | - | - | - | - | 135,143 | - | - | |||
Tax losses | 164,703 | 11,875,682 | - | - | 223,317 | 18,096,525 | - | - | |||
Complementary accounts - | |||||||||||
net of accumulated amortization | (98,017) | (5,393,019) | (89,775) | (5,535,526) | (80,064) | (4,590,315) | (73,448) | (4,989,110) | |||
Valuation allowance | - | (2,634,670) | - | - | - | (10,268,338) | - | - | |||
Total | 2,866,579 | 4,743,372 | 911,009 | 2,236,168 | 2,481,407 | 4,236,187 | 810,614 | 2,411,087 |
The charge to results after recognizing deferred taxes in accordance with Circular No. 1466 of the Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, and Technical Bulletin No.60 of the Chilean Institute of Accountants, as amended, is as follows:
Item | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Current tax expense (tax provision) | (2,278,093) | (829,494) | (643,571) | ||
Adjustment for tax expenses (prior period) | 6,295 | (123,159) | 13,678 | ||
Net effect of period's deferred tax assets and liabilities | (158,001) | 716,872 | (101,594) | ||
Tax loss carryforward | 3,522,536 | 1,114,367 | 6,806,412 | ||
Amortization of complementary accounts | |||||
of deferred assets and liabilities | 1,636,082 | 1,031,411 | 193,367 | ||
Others | (29,447) | 684,724 | (70,479) | ||
Totals | 2,699,372 | 2,594,721 | 6,197,813 | ||
Valuation allowance | (3,134,046) | (1,178,350) | (7,790,225) | ||
Total | (434,674) | 1,416,371 | (1,592,412) |
NOTE 10. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
The detail of other current assets is as follows:
As of December 31, | |||
Item | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Fixed assets held for sale (see Note 12) | 10,617,572 | 6,241,666 | |
Hedging results (Brazil) | 2,343,419 | - | |
Security deposits | 441,025 | 827,465 | |
Time deposits to guarantee loans | 204,471 | - | |
Bond discount | 658,792 | 381,283 | |
Commercial paper (*) (see Note 11) | - | 9,103,363 | |
Other | 486,312 | 249,547 | |
Total | 14,751,591 | 16,803,324 |
(*) Includes repurchase agreements destined to repayment of series C bonds (Note 19).
NOTE 11. COMMERCIAL PAPER
Cod. | Date | Original | Transaction | Interest | Final | Identification | Market | ||||||||||
Start | Close | Counterpart | currency | amount | rate | value | of instrument | value | |||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 516 | 2.76 | 516 | EST0030101 | 516 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 502,824 | 2.76 | 503,093 | DPR | 502,901 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 678,788 | 2.76 | 679,152 | DPR | 678,892 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 598,942 | 2.76 | 599,263 | DPR | 599,034 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 232,230 | 2.76 | 232,355 | DPF | 232,266 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 1,409 | 2.76 | 1,410 | DPF | 1,409 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.29.2003 | 01.05.2004 | Bancoestado, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 596,693 | 2.76 | 597,013 | DPR | 596,784 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.30.2003 | 01.05.2004 | BCI, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 181,367 | 3.00 | 181,457 | BR | 181,382 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.30.2003 | 01.05.2004 | BCI, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 84,893 | 3.00 | 84,936 | BR | 84,900 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.30.2003 | 01.05.2004 | BCI, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Ch$ | 73,740 | 3.00 | 73,777 | PDBC | 73,746 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.10.2003 | 01.07.2004 | Santander, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | US$ | 9,645 | 2.10 | 9,661 | PDBC | 9,657 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.10.2003 | 01.07.2004 | Santander, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | US$ | 3,650,138 | 2.10 | 3,656,102 | PRD | 3,654,610 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.10.2003 | 01.07.2004 | Santander, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | US$ | 1,863,243 | 2.10 | 1,866,275 | PRD | 1,865,525 | ||||||||
CRV | 12.10.2003 | 01.07.2004 | Santander, Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | US$ | 620,980 | 2.10 | 621,994 | PRD | 621,741 |
CRV : Purchase agreement.
NOTE 12. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
- Property, plant and equipment, valued as described in Note 2.j., 2.k. 2.l. and 2.m., are as follows:
As of December 31, | |||
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Land | 15,419,400 | 13,699,149 | |
Industrial buildings | 58,259,125 | 51,531,251 | |
Works under construction | 4,510,313 | 2,921,741 | |
Others | 329,821 | - | |
Total buildings and infrastructure | 63,099,259 | 54,452,992 | |
Industrial machinery and equipment | 241,852,144 | 201,065,496 | |
Installations, machinery and equipment | 8,363,990 | 7,190,684 | |
Transportation equipment | 1,693,876 | 1,257,048 | |
Major and other spare parts (net) | 1,046,754 | 272,143 | |
Works under construction | 1,413,710 | 290,573 | |
In transit machinery | 1,001,316 | 1,059,520 | |
Total machinery and equipment | 255,371,790 | 211,135,464 | |
Leased fixed assets (Note 12; letter c) | 13,439,290 | 14,273,361 | |
Tools and supplies | 2,547,400 | 2,237,074 | |
Furniture and fixtures | 6,434,098 | 5,553,261 | |
Office equipment | 4,369,608 | 3,800,998 | |
Other property plant and equipment | 3,932,675 | 3,091,467 | |
Total other fixed assets | 30,723,071 | 28,956,161 | |
Technical reappraisal of land | 3,507,613 | 4,499,135 | |
Technical reappraisal of buildings and infrastructure | 11,620,226 | 8,469,394 | |
Technical reappraisal of machinery and equipment | 2,080,492 | 2,080,490 | |
Total technical reappraisal | 17,208,331 | 15,049,019 | |
Total property, plant and equipment | 381,821,851 | 323,292,785 | |
Depreciation: | |||
Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | |||
Buildings and infrastructure | (15,765,487) | (14,442,200) | |
Machinery and equipment | (129,467,203) | (115,411,082) | |
Other fixed assets | (13,138,768) | (12,802,332) | |
Total accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | (158,371,458) | (142,655,614) | |
Accumulated depreciation of technical reappraisal at beginning of year: | |||
Buildings and infrastructure | (2,724,028) | (2,689,577) | |
Machinery and equipment | (1,542,829) | (2,314,947) | |
Total acumulated depreciation of technical reappraisal at end of year | (4,266,857) | (5,004,524) | |
Depreciation for the period (operating cost) | (12,307,413) | (10,497,355) | |
Depreciation for the period (selling and administrative expenses) | (606,136) | (575,125) | |
Depreciation for the period not affecting the operating results | (3,025,163) | (1,800,691) | |
Total accumulated depreciation charged to income | (15,938,712) | (12,873,171) | |
Total accumulated depreciation at year end | (178,577,027) | (160,533,309) | |
Property, plant and equipment (net) | 203,244,824 | 162,759,476 |
a) The direct subsidiary Alusa S.A. has a leaseback contract (Note 13).
b) On December 2001, the Board of Directors of the overseas subsidiary Metalúrgica Industrial Argentina S.A., decided to temporarily suspend the industrial activities of the Barracas and Quilmes plants; a similar decision was made regarding the Llavallol plant of its subsidiary Metacab S.A. given the current economic situation in Argentina. In the case of the subsidiary company H.B. San Luis S.A., the decision of its Board of Directors was the cessation of its industrial activity as a consequence of the expiration of the Industrial Promotion System of the San Luis Province where this company was incorporated. The Board of Directors of the parent company and those of its subsidiaries are continuously analyzing alternatives for the future activity, which in the case of Decker-Indelqui S.A. would be initially focused on the marketing of mostly imported goods from its related companies abroad.
During the last quarter of 2003, as a consequence of the good performance of copper pipe exports from Chile and the increase in Argentinean demand for such products, the indirect subsidiary Decker-Indelqui S.A. restarted its industrial activities with the production of copper pipes and metal casting at the plants of Barracas and Llavallol, respectively. This reopening resulted in an increase in personnel of approximately 50 persons, which include workers and administrators, aimed at production once normal operation level has been reached.
c) Leased fixed assets
c.1) Leasing contract Santiago Leasing
On December 31, 1997, the Subsidiary Armat S.A., entered into a leasing contract for Spaleck Polishing Equipment. This leasing contract is payable in 12 semiannual installments and the following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : Santiago Leasing
Purchaser : Armat S.A.
Assets involved : Spaleck Polishing Equipment
Purchase price : US$1,114,508.60
Final value of contract : US$1,174,200.00
Number of installments : 12
Contract period : From December 31, 1997 to December 1, 2004
Interest rate : 5.92% Semiannual
c.2) Leasing contract BCI Leasing
On June 18, 2000, the Subsidiary Armat S.A., entered into a leasing contract for Onan Electronic Transfer Panel. This leasing contract is payable over 36 months and the following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : BCI Leasing
Purchaser : Armat S.A.
Assets involved : Electronic transfer panel
Purchase price : US$65,385.00
Final value of contract : US$69,444.00
Number of installments : 36
Contract period : From June 21, 2001 to May 15, 2004
Interest rate : 0.5% monthly
c.3) Leasing contract Forum Servicios Financieros S.A.
On August 14, 2003, the Subsidiary Alusa S.A., entered into a leasing contract for a Honda vehicle. This leasing contract is payable over 36 months and the following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : Forum Servicios Financieros
Purchaser : Alusa S.A.
Assets involved : Honda vehicle
Purchase price : UF1,104.64
Final value of contract : UF1,362.34
Number of installments : 36
Contract period : From August 14, 2003 to August 14, 2006
Interest rate : 13.79% annual
d) Property, plant and equipment held for sale:
Property, plant and equipment held for sale is shown for the end of December 31, 2002 after adjusting to net realizable value the assets held for sale at December 31, 2002 and the related adjustments to realizable value during 2002 were as follows:
Net value of | Adjustment | ||
assets held | to realizable | ||
for sale | value | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Land and building at Vicuña Mackenna 2935-2858 (Chile) | 1,588,675 | 405,526 | |
Land at Vicuña Mackenna 4665 (Chile) | 1,000,430 | 397,025 | |
Land and building at Ureta Cox 733 (Chile) | 24,256 | - | |
Land and building at Frankfort 5030 (Chile) | 36,397 | - | |
Avellaneda (Argentina) Plant | 669,215 | - | |
Santa Marta (Chile) Plant | 1,706,669 | - | |
Building Andres Bello (Chile) | 14,375 | 2,440 | |
Building Vitacura Tour (Chile) | 945,341 | - | |
Arujá (Brazil) Plant | 1,129,788 | - | |
Land and building Aisén 244 (Chile) | 1,289,586 | - | |
Land and foundry plant (Peru) | 703,673 | - | |
Carampangue 1620 (Chile) Plant | 761,021 | - | |
Chincha and Iquitos (Peru) Plant | 362,952 | - | |
Iquitos (Peru) Plant | 62,256 | - | |
Machinery and equipment (Peru) | 125,463 | - | |
Other | 197,475 | - | |
Total | 10,617,572 | 804,991 |
Property, plant and equipment held for sale is shown for the end of December 31, 2003 after adjusting to net realizable value the assets held for sale at December 31, 2003 and the related adjustments to realizable value during 2003 were as follows:
Net value of | Adjustment | ||
assets held | to realizable | ||
for sale | value | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Land and building at Vicuña Mackenna 2935-2858 (Chile) | 1,302,998 | 285,677 | |
Land at Vicuña Mackenna 4665 (Chile) | 1,000,430 | - | |
Land and building at Ureta Cox 733 (Chile) | 24,256 | - | |
Santa Marta (Chile) Plant (*) | 1,706,669 | - | |
Building Andres Bello (Chile) | 14,375 | - | |
Building Vitacura Tour (Chile) | 945,341 | - | |
Arujá (Brazil) Plant | 1,129,788 | - | |
Land and building Aisén 244 (Chile) (*) | 1,289,622 | - | |
Carampangue 1620 (Chile) Plant | 761,021 | - | |
Foundry plant (Peru) | 123,315 | - | |
Chincha (Peru) Plant | 287,924 | 75,028 | |
Machinery and equipment (Peru) | 125,463 | - | |
Machinery and equipment (Chile) | 105,000 | 105,000 | |
Other | 421,755 | 141,074 | |
Total | 9,237,957 | 606,779 |
(*) This amounts are recorded under other long-term assets (see Note 16).
NOTE 13. LEASEBACK TRANSACTIONS
a. Leaseback contract Banco Corpbanca
On March 30, 2001, the subsidiary Alusa S.A., entered into a sale and leaseback contract on the Quilicura assets with Corpbanca in connection with restructuring its liabilities. The leaseback contract is repayable over 15 years and the following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : Alusa S.A.
Purchaser : Corpbanca
Assets involved : Buildings and plant located in Quilicura
Purchase price : UF 414,597
Final value of contract : UF 641,265
Number of installments : 180
Contract period : From March 30, 2001 to March 30, 2016
Interest rate : 6.20% semiannual
This transaction had no effect on results.
b. Leaseback contract Banco Security
On July 30, 2002, the subsidiary Alusa S.A., entered into a sale and leaseback contract on a Rotomec laminating machine, with Banco Security in connection with restructuring its liabilities. The leaseback contract is repayable over 36 months and the main features of the contract are as follows:
Seller : Alusa S.A.
Purchaser : Banco Security
Assets involved : Rotomec laminating machine
Purchase price : UF 8,335.08
Final value of contract : UF 9,203.00
Number of installments : 36
Contract period : From July 30, 2002 to July 30, 2005
Interest rate : 9.23% annual
This transaction resulted in a loss of ThCh$15,937 (historical) on the sale of the assets which was recognized in its entirety in the income statement.
c. Leaseback contract, Leasing Andino
On December 1, 2002, the indirect subsidiary Alufoil S.A., entered into a sale and leaseback transaction on a Weyhmuller coning machine. This operation was carried out with Leasing Andino with a 36 month repayment period in connection with restructuring its liabilities. The following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : Alufoil S.A.
Purchaser : Leasing Andino (Banco Chile)
Assets involved : Coning machine Weyhmuller
Purchase price : UF 5,052.45
Final value of contract : UF 5,614.75
Number of installments : 36
Contract period : From December 11, 2002 to December 11, 2005
Interest rate : 4.97% annual
This transaction resulted in a loss of ThCh$2,723 (historical) on the sale of the assets and which was recognized in the income statement.
d. Leaseback contract, Banco de Chile
On August 8, 2003, the company entered into a leaseback contract on a cylinder engraving line for printing flexible packaging (Equipo Sun). This operation was carried out with Banco de Chile with a 24 month repayment period in connection with restructuring its liabilities. The following are the main features of the contract:
Seller : Alusa S.A.
Purchaser : Banco de Chile
Assets involved : Cylinder engraving line
Purchase price : UF 9,716.14
Final value of contract : UF 10,124.50
Number of installments : 24
Contract period : From August 8, 2003 to August 8, 2005
Interest rate : 3.83% annual
This transaction had no effect on results.
e. Leaseback Agreement with Banco de Chile
On November 28, 2003, Alusa S.A., signed an agreement for the Valmet Rotomec SB-700 Laminating Machine. Said transaction was agreed with Banco de Chile for a 36-month term and its purpose was restructuring the Company's liabilities, with these characteristics:
Selling company : Alusa S.A.
Buying company : Banco de Chile
Goods involved : Valmet Rotomec SB-700 Machine
Purchase price : UF 37,059.70
Nominal value of contract : UF 40,104.00
Number of installments : 36 months
Term of the agreement: : From November 28, 2003 to December 28, 2006
Interest rate : 5.19% annual
This transaction resulted in a gain of Th$6,692 on sale of plan and equipment, which was recognized in the income statement.
NOTE 14. INVESTMENTS IN RELATED COMPANIES
Investments in related companies, valued under the equity method as indicated in Note 2.o., are as follows:
Companies' | Book Value | |||||||||||
Ownership% | equity | Year's result | Equity in results | of Investment | ||||||||
Company | Country | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||
Cobrecon Perú S.A. | Peru | 33.3333 | 33.3333 | 2,830,917 | 2,176,118 | 160,766 | (6,141) | (20,409) | 53,589 | (2,047) | 943,638 | 725,372 |
Colada Continua | ||||||||||||
Chilena S.A. | Chile | 41.0000 | 41.0000 | 3,445,427 | 3,398,560 | 1,098 | (46,870) | 819 | 450 | (19,217) | 1,412,625 | 1,393,408 |
Peruplast S.A. | Peru | 25.0000 | 25.0000 | 19,175,504 | 15,842,003 | 423,781 | 153,831 | (25,838) | 105,945 | 38,458 | 4,793,876 | 3,960,501 |
Tech Pack S.A. | Peru | 25.6199 | 25.6079 | 13,246,390 | 10,377,168 | 484,662 | (190,662) | (6,041) | 124,170 | (48,825) | 3,393,725 | 2,657,375 |
10,543,864 | 8,736,656 |
NOTE 15. GOODWILL AND NEGATIVE GOODWILL
Goodwill and negative goodwill at December 31, 2002 and 2003, calculated as described in Note 2.p., are as follows:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
Company | Goodwill | Goodwill | |||||
(negative | (negative | ||||||
goodwill) | goodwill) | ||||||
Amortization | Amortization | balance | Amortization | balance | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Alumco S.A. | 80,596 | 80,696 | 977,944 | 80,696 | 897,245 | ||
Alupack S.A. | 5,512 | 5,519 | 60,253 | 5,519 | 54,734 | ||
Optel Argentina S.A. (Argentina) (Nota 2b(*)) | 440,441 | 79,772 | 1,459,738 | - | - | ||
Ficap S.A. (Brasil) | 1,755,614 | 1,872,948 | 27,469,943 | 1,532,329 | 20,941,824 | ||
Indalum S.A. | 1,501 | 21,008 | - | - | - | ||
Indeco S.A. (Perú) | 152,994 | 192,491 | 2,924,660 | 157,485 | 2,235,285 | ||
Peruplast S.A. (Perú) | 26,032 | 23,399 | 314,409 | 19,536 | 239,311 | ||
Tech Pack S.A. (Perú) | 13,130 | 11,801 | 158,585 | 9,853 | 120,706 | ||
Vigaflex S.A. | 38,256 | 38,303 | 453,260 | 38,304 | 414,955 | ||
Decker Indelqui S.A. (Argentina) | 180,628 | - | - | - | - | ||
PIVSA Perú S.A. | 7,366 | - | - | - | - | ||
2,702,070 | 2,325,937 | 33,818,792 | 1,843,722 | 24,904,060 | |||
Emaplast S.A. | 4,687 | 5,191 | (55,969) | 55,970 | - | ||
Indeco S.A. (Perú) | 16,262 | - | - | - | - | ||
20,949 | 5,191 | (55,969) | 55,970 | - |
NOTE 16. OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS
The balance shown under other long-term assets at each year-end is as follows:
As of December 31, | |||
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Non-current inventories year (net) | 299,198 | 142,520 | |
Bond discount (net) | 1,736,067 | 1,123,333 | |
Industrial development bond - Argentina | 263,730 | - | |
Fixed assets held for sale (net) (see Note 12) | - | 2,996,291 | |
Dispensable assets (net) - Argentina | 3,168,252 | 2,983,815 | |
Lawsuit deposits | 342,693 | 284,171 | |
Tax on minimum assumed income - Argentina | 177,478 | 181,901 | |
Recovery of tax benefits | 1,400,534 | 1,030,239 | |
Other | 764,789 | 114,656 | |
Totals | 8,152,741 | 8,856,926 |
NOTE 17. SHORT - TERM LIABILITIES WITH BANKS AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
- Short term:
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the short-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions classified by currency are as follows:
Bank or financial | Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | ||||||||||
Institution | US dollars | Euros | currencies | UF | Chilean Pesos | Total | ||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Chile | ||||||||||||
Abn Amro Bank | 639,501 | 435,181 | - | - | - | - | 949,759 | - | 2,976,104 | 1,737,825 | 4,565,364 | 2,173,006 |
Bci | 4,075,785 | 121,887 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,105,167 | 1,196,776 | 7,180,952 | 1,318,663 |
Bhif | 40,200 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 660,072 | 646,431 | 700,272 | 646,431 |
Boston | 5,460,368 | 178,853 | - | - | - | - | 1,717,549 | - | 1,805,705 | - | 8,983,622 | 178,853 |
Chile | 434,992 | 226,536 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,107,072 | 435,867 | 2,542,064 | 662,403 |
Citibank | 5,087,545 | - | - | - | - | - | 714,025 | - | 816,645 | - | 6,618,215 | - |
Corpbanca | 726,976 | - | - | - | - | - | 1,290,332 | - | - | - | 2,017,308 | - |
Do Brasil | 2,212,650 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,212,650 | - |
Dresdner Banque | 1,579,596 | - | 137,236 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,716,832 | - |
Bank of America | 4,358,303 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,358,303 | - |
Santander | 10,428,699 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10,428,699 | - |
Scotiabank | 5,087,196 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5,087,196 | - |
Security | - | - | - | - | - | 1,072,824 | - | 2,443,484 | 878,615 | 3,516,308 | 878,615 | |
Bice | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,788,907 | 430,153 | 2,788,907 | 430,153 |
Bancoestado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,334,812 | - | 1,334,812 | - |
Banchile - Chile | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 182,019 | - | 182,019 |
40,131,811 | 962,457 | 137,236 | - | - | - | 5,744,489 | - | 18,037,968 | 5,507,686 | 64,051,504 | 6,470,143 |
Bank or financial | Other foreign | |||||
Institution | US dollars | currencies | Total | |||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Argentina | ||||||
Citibank | 15,965 | - | 12 | - | 15,977 | - |
Boston | 1,575,289 | 570,048 | 943,098 | - | 2,518,387 | 570,048 |
BBA Creditanstalt | 2,032,826 | - | - | - | 2,032,826 | - |
Subtotales | 3,624,080 | 570,048 | 943,110 | - | 4,567,190 | 570,048 |
Banks in Perú | ||||||
Citibank | 732,022 | - | - | - | 732,022 | - |
Interbank - Perú | - | 1,785,577 | - | - | - | 1,785,577 |
Nacional de París | 436,839 | - | - | - | 436,839 | - |
1,168,861 | 1,785,577 | - | - | 1,168,861 | 1,785,577 |
Other foreign | ||||||
US dollars | currencies | Total | ||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Brasil | ||||||
ABC - Brasil | - | 298,078 | - | - | - | 298,078 |
Alfa S/A | - | - | 429,624 | - | 429,624 | |
Banrisul | - | - | - | 551,641 | - | 551,641 |
BNL | 1,370,367 | - | - | 650,254 | 1,370,367 | 650,254 |
Do Brasil | - | 297,828 | - | - | - | - |
Dresdner Banque | 1,641,298 | - | - | - | 1,641,298 | - |
HSBC Bamerindus | 1,552,358 | - | 207,573 | - | 1,759,931 | - |
Itaú Financ./ Itaú Finame | 876,633 | - | - | 3,107,555 | 876,633 | 3,107,555 |
Santos Brasil | - | 465,207 | - | - | - | 465,207 |
Sudameris | - | 712,118 | - | 890,739 | - | 1,602,857 |
Tokyo-Mitsubishi | - | - | 659,240 | - | 659,240 | - |
Subtotal | 5,440,656 | 1,773,231 | 866,813 | 5,629,813 | 6,307,469 | 7,105,216 |
Banks in Uruguay | ||||||
BBA Creditanstalt Uruguay | 3,703,456 | - | - | - | 3,703,456 | - |
Comercial S.A Uruguay | 1,504 | - | - | 1,504 | - | |
Subtotals | 3,704,960 | - | - | - | 3,704,960 | - |
Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | |||||||||||
US dollars | Euros | currencies | UF | chilean Pesos | Total | |||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||
Totals | 54,070,368 | 5,091,313 | 137,236 | 1,809,923 | 5,629,813 | 5,744,489 | - | 18,037,968 | 5,507,686 | 79,799,984 | 16,228,812 | |
Total oustanding principal | 53,403,231 | 5,064,067 | 137,089 | - | 1,688,025 | 5,552,338 | 5,719,458 | - | 17,965,259 | 5,478,080 | 78,913,062 | 16,094,485 |
Average annual interest rate % | 5.24 | 4.76 | 4.20 | - | 32.86 | 22.46 | 6.33 | - | 6.22 | 5.87 |
Long-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions - short-term portion
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the current portion of long-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions classified by currency are as follows:
Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | |||||||||
Bank or financial | US dollars | currencies | UF | Chilean Pesos | Total | |||||
Institution | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Chile | ||||||||||
BancoEstado | 7,325,460 | - | - | - | - | 930,347 | - | - | 7,325,460 | 930,347 |
BCI | 7,272,402 | - | - | - | 177,126 | 409,645 | - | - | 7,449,528 | 409,645 |
Bice | 5,089,563 | - | - | - | - | 28,195 | - | - | 5,089,563 | 28,195 |
Boston | 3,670,564 | 232,183 | - | - | - | - | - | 3,670,564 | 232,183 | |
Chile | 3,713,354 | - | - | - | - | 1,036,947 | - | - | 3,713,354 | 1,036,947 |
Citibank | 3,633,012 | - | - | - | - | 48,334 | - | - | 3,633,012 | 48,334 |
Corpbanca | 4,870,736 | 31,730 | - | - | - | 6,789 | - | - | 4,870,736 | 38,519 |
Desarrollo | 5,128,703 | - | - | - | - | 28,195 | - | - | 5,128,703 | 28,195 |
Dresdner Banque | - | - | 287,110 | - | - | 10,894 | - | - | 287,110 | 10,894 |
Of América | - | 24,725 | - | - | - | - | - | 24,725 | ||
Santander Santiago | - | - | - | - | 14,861 | 73,595 | - | - | 14,861 | 73,595 |
Scotiabank | 867,696 | 711,389 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 867,696 | 711,389 |
Security | - | - | - | - | 657,040 | 940,630 | - | - | 657,040 | 940,630 |
Subtotal | 41,571,490 | 1,000,027 | 287,110 | - | 849,027 | 3,513,571 | - | - | 42,707,627 | 4,513,598 |
Bank | Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | ||||||||
or financial | US dollars | currencies | UF | Chilean Pesos | Total | |||||
Institution | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Argentina | ||||||||||
Citibank | 22,076 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22,076 | - |
22,076 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22,076 | - | ||
Banks in Peru | ||||||||||
Crédito | 1,233 | 267 | - | - | - | 1,233 | 267 | |||
1,233 | 267 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,233 | 267 |
Bank | Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | ||||||||
or financial | US dollars | currencies | UF | Chilean Pesos | Total | |||||
Institution | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Banks in Brazil | ||||||||||
ABN AMRO / Real | 171,674 | 148,893 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 171,674 | 148,893 |
BankBoston | 3,420,948 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,420,948 | - |
Frances Bras Itaú | 30,696 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30,696 | - |
HSBC Bameridos | 1,556,216 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,556,216 | - |
Itaú Financ./ Itaú Finame | 2,773,452 | - | 73,387 | 99,890 | - | - | - | - | 2,846,839 | 99,890 |
Safra Finame | - | - | 55,716 | 58,433 | - | - | - | - | 55,716 | 58,433 |
Santander | 525,479 | 455,768 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 525,479 | 455,768 |
Sudameris | 2,453,331 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,453,331 | - |
Subtotal | 10,931,796 | 604,661 | 129,103 | 158,323 | - | - | - | - | 11,060,899 | 762,984 |
Bank | Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | ||||||||
or financial | US dollars | currencies | UF | chilean Pesos | Total | |||||
Institution | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
In Other Countries | ||||||||||
Boston Cayman-Island | 5,450,124 | 30,906 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5,450,124 | 30,906 |
Subtotal | 5,450,124 | 30,906 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5,450,124 | 30,906 |
Other foreign | $ Non-indexed | |||||||||
US dollars | currencies | UF | chilean Pesos | Total | ||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Totals | 57,976,719 | 1,635,861 | 416,213 | 158,323 | 849,027 | 3,513,571 | - | - | 59,241,959 | 5,307,755 |
Total outstanding principal | 57,581,056 | 1,438,566 | 271,418 | - | 812,606 | 3,170,957 | - | - | 58,665,080 | 4,609,523 |
Average annual interest rate (%) | 5.37 | 5.85 | 4.72 | - | 7.03 | 6.29 |
|
|
(*) The distribution by percentage, of total short-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions, separated by local and foreign currency, is as follows:
2002 | 2003 | |
% | % | |
Local currency | ||
Foreign currency | 29.800 | 62.132 |
70.200 | 37.868 | |
Total | ||
100.000 | 100.000 |
NOTE 18. LONG-TERM LIABILITIES WITH BANKS AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the long-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions are as follows:
Average | ||||||||||
Currency | Total | Total | annual | |||||||
or | long term | More than 1 | More than 2 | More than 3 | More than 5 | More than 10 years | long term | interest rate | ||
Bank or Financial | Indexation | 2002 | Up to 2 years | Up to 3 years | Up to 5 years | Up to 10 Years | Amount | Term | 2003 | % |
Institution | ||||||||||
ABN AMRO / Real Brasil | US$ | 233,861 | 63,777 | - | - | - | - | - | 63,777 | 8.42 |
BancoEstado Chile | UF | - | 1,015,200 | 908,789 | 3,636,274 | 2,738,596 | - | - | 8,298,859 | 4.06 |
Boston I.Cayman | US$ | - | - | 233,808 | 935,236 | 1,596,026 | - | - | 2,765,070 | 3.41 |
BBA Credinstalt Austria | US$ | 1,814,490 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
BCI Chile | UF | 365,742 | - | 675,839 | 4,068,305 | 4,613,411 | - | - | 9,357,555 | 3.07 |
Bice Chile | UF | - | - | 280,832 | 1,123,328 | 1,917,017 | - | - | 3,321,177 | 2.59 |
Boston Argentina | US$ | - | 328,146 | - | - | - | - | - | 328,146 | 6.61 |
Boston Chile | US$ | - | - | 380,716 | 1,522,864 | 2,598,846 | - | - | 4,502,426 | 3.41 |
Chile Chile | UF | - | 1,015,200 | 801,782 | 3,676,856 | 2,008,144 | - | - | 7,501,982 | 4.42 |
Citibank Chile | UF | - | - | 481,427 | 1,925,708 | 3,286,315 | - | - | 5,693,450 | 2.59 |
Corpbanca Chile | US$ | - | - | 240,044 | 960,176 | 1,638,592 | - | - | 2,838,812 | 3.41 |
Corpbanca Chile | UF | - | 67,623 | 270,492 | 461,608 | - | - | 799,723 | 2.59 | |
Crédito Perú | US$ | 1,705,621 | 1,781,400 | - | - | - | - | - | 1,781,400 | 3.60 |
Desarrollo Chile | UF | - | - | 280,832 | 1,123,328 | 1,917,017 | - | - | 3,321,177 | 2.59 |
Dresdner Banque Chile | UF | - | - | 108,504 | 434,016 | 740,667 | - | - | 1,283,187 | 2.59 |
Itaú/Finame/Financiamento Brasil | Other | 97,028 | 27,430 | - | - | - | - | - | 27,430 | 17.00 |
Of América Chile | US$ | - | - | 187,047 | 748,188 | 1,276,820 | - | - | 2,212,055 | 3.41 |
Safra Finame Brasil | Other | 101,021 | 48,323 | - | - | - | - | - | 48,323 | 17.00 |
Santander Brasil | US$ | 788,216 | 214,956 | - | - | - | - | - | 214,956 | 3.31 |
Santander Santiago Chile | UF | 234,618 | 16,686 | 593,386 | 2,341,438 | 4,075,845 | - | - | 7,027,355 | 2.72 |
Scotiabank Chile | US$ | 1,658,962 | 678,628 | 218,222 | 872,888 | 1,489,617 | - | - | 3,259,355 | 3.36 |
Security Chile | UF | 2,157,331 | 493,874 | 295,073 | 1,812,608 | 235,527 | - | - | 2,837,082 | 5.94 |
Total | 9,156,890 | 5,683,620 | 5,753,924 | 25,451,705 | 30,594,048 | - | - | 67,483,297 |
(*) The distribution by percentage, of total long-term liabilities with banks and financial institutions, separated by local and foreign currency, is as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||
% | % | ||
Local currency | 1.43 | 14.47 | |
Foreign currency | 98.57 | 85.53 | |
Total | 100.00 | 100.00 |
NOTE 19. BONDS PAYABLE - SHORT AND LONG TERM
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the detail of bonds with the public is as follows:
Registration | Payment dates | Country | ||||||||
or Identification | Indexation | Interest | Payment | Payment | Par value | where | ||||
Number | Series | unit | rates | Maturity | of Interest | of principal | 2002 | 2003 | placed | |
% | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||||||
Long-term Bonds - Current Portion | ||||||||||
148 | B | UF | 6.00 | 08-01-2003 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 1,665,582 | - | Chile | |
222 | A1 | UF | 7.25 | 12-04-11 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 1,447,473 | 1,378,501 | Chile | |
222 | A2 | UF | 7.25 | 12-04-11 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 2,171,211 | 1,993,566 | Chile | |
258 | C1 | UF | 6.20 | 01-05-04 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 86,062 | 8,494,829 | Chile | |
258 | C2 | UF | 6.20 | 01-05-04 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 172,125 | 15,041,146 | Chile | |
Total | 5,542,453 | 26,908,042 | ||||||||
Long-term Bonds | ||||||||||
222 | A1 | UF | 7.25 | 12-04-11 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 15,514,280 | 12,508,237 | Chile | |
222 | A2 | UF | 7.25 | 12-04-11 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 23,271,421 | 18,089,272 | Chile | |
258 | C1 | UF | 6.20 | 05-01-2004 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 8,455,781 | - | Chile | |
258 | C2 | UF | 6.20 | 05-01-2004 | Half-Yearly | Half-Yearly | 16,911,561 | - | Chile | |
Total | 64,153,043 | 30,597,509 |
NOTE 20. ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accruals included in these accounts are as follows:
- Current liabilities
Current liabilities | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Employee vacations | 1,443,596 | 1,395,720 | |
Electricity consumed and others | 362,013 | 332,395 | |
Salaries and fees | 690,064 | 546,209 | |
Export and import expenses | 71,501 | 153,261 | |
Severance indemnity - short-term (Note 21) | 1,075,995 | 787,984 | |
Freight and commissions on sales | 465,731 | 293,477 | |
General expenses | 441,594 | 537,646 | |
Out of court settlement of labor suit | 452,352 | 412,849 | |
Provision for construction in progress results (Uruguay) | 259,010 | 200,135 | |
Attorney's fees | 1,012,684 | 82,766 | |
Municipal taxes and others | 918,095 | 158,214 | |
Provision Optel Brasil expenses (Note 29 4b and Note 2b(*)) | - | 1,882,564 | |
Others | 239,949 | 448,246 | |
Total | 7,432,584 | 7,231,466 |
Long-term Liabilities | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Severance indemnities - long-term (Note 21) | 1,586,757 | 910,631 | |
Open cases and award - bonuses case (1) | 2,983,378 | 2,678,224 | |
Social security moratorium | 38,690 | 5,269 | |
ABL moratorium | 71,588 | 59,591 | |
Other | 186,636 | 330,824 | |
Total | 4,867,049 | 3,984,539 |
- This item includes the liability associated with a labor lawsuit in which the Parent Company was the defendant. This liability will be paid to employees working for the Company at their retirement, while half-yearly installments will be paid to former employees. As a result, the total liability was discounted at an annual 7% rate considering the years pending to retirement and those associated with the former employees.
During the year uncollectible accounts for ThCh$467,129 were written off (ThCh$1,008,981 in 2002).
The following provisions are deducted from balance sheet accounts:
Provisions deducted from balance sheet accounts | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Current Assets : | |||
Trade accounts receivable (Note 6) | 6,725,276 | 5,794,623 | |
Notes receivable (Note 6) | 2,843,134 | 2,707,220 | |
Other receivables (Note 6) | 1,353,176 | 1,745,367 | |
Inventories (Note 8) | 4,332,930 | 3,804,283 | |
Property,plant and equipment (Note 12) | 9,409,229 | 6,885,402 | |
Unrealized gains | 14,027 | 39,497 | |
Adjustment to property, plant and equipment - realizable value | 1,242,411 | 284,424 | |
Unrecoverable taxes - Uruguay | - | 152,237 | |
Property, plant and equipment: | |||
Allowance for idle property, plant and equipment | - | 1,724,873 | |
Long-term Assets: | |||
Inventories with no turnover during year | 529,270 | 126,313 | |
Lower value of inactive assets | - | 479,355 | |
Long-term receivables | 2,262,945 | 1,646,438 | |
Allowance for idle property plant and equipment | - | 1,931,656 | |
Allowance for valuation of property, plant and equipment - Argentina | 4,741,181 | 3,384,660 | |
Allowance for valuation of other assets - Argentina | 1,043,298 | 1,032,968 |
NOTE 21. SEVERANCE INDEMNITIES
Madeco S.A. and certain of its subsidiaries have agreed with their personnel to the payment of an indemnity, equivalent to one month's base salary, for each year of service. This liability is presented as described in Note 2.t..
The movements in this account were as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Balance at beginning of period | 1,999,047 | 2,651,672 | |
Increase - provision | 2,362,625 | 174,331 | |
Payments in the period | (1,698,920) | (1,127,388) | |
Balance at period-end | 2,662,752 | 1,698,615 | |
Presented in balance sheet in (Note 20): | |||
Current liabilities - accrued expenses | 1,075,995 | 787,984 | |
Long-term liabilities - accrued expenses | 1,586,757 | 910,631 | |
Total | 2,662,752 | 1,698,615 |
NOTE 22. MINORITY INTEREST
The minority interest in equity results at each year-end is as follows:
Ownership of | Company information | Minority interest | |||||||||||||
minority interest | Equity of Subsidiary | Income of Subsidiary | In Equity | In Income | |||||||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
% | % | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Alusa S.A. | 24.0392 | 24.0392 | 36,700,921 | 34,486,478 | (1,628,181) | 2,097,358 | 8,822,608 | 8,290,273 | 1,068,012 | 391,401 | (504,188) | ||||
Distribuidora Boliviana Indalum S.A. | 5.7800 | 5.7800 | 342,492 | 166,046 | (41,925) | (176,448) | 19,796 | 9,597 | 9,830 | 2,423 | 10,199 | ||||
Indalum S.A. | 0.8447 | 0.8447 | 19,831,128 | 22,059,229 | 1,817,862 | 2,228,102 | 167,514 | 185,673 | 40,780 | (15,355) | (18,754) | ||||
Indeco S.A. (1) | 7.2620 | 7.0752 | 24,723,198 | 20,526,315 | 1,389,111 | 923,980 | 1,795,398 | 1,452,278 | (95,559) | (100,877) | (65,373) | ||||
Ficap Optel Limitada (Note 2d (*)) | 50.0000 | 50.0000 | 5,424,678 | 3,060,079 | (3,480,108) | (1,378,048) | 2,712,339 | - | 309,382 | 1,740,054 | - | ||||
Inversiones Alusa S.A. | 30.7338 | 30.7338 | 4,084 | 4,445 | (869) | 362 | 1,255 | 1,366 | 359 | 267 | (111) | ||||
Total | 13,518,910 | 9,939,187 | 1,332,804 | 2,017,913 | (578,227) |
- Decrease in minority interest in Indeco S.A. due to increase of ownership by an increase in shares.
NOTE 23. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
The changes in equity accounts were as follows (in historical amounts, with restatement of final balances at December 31, 2003 constant pesos for comparative purposes):
Net income | |||||||
Number | Common | Share | Other | Retained | (loss) for | ||
of shares | stock | premium | reserves | earnings | the year | Total | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Balances at January 1, 2001 | 386,000,000 | 112,099,647 | 5,580,348 | 24,347,106 | 30,143,751 | (16,786,404) | 155,384,448 |
Allocation of 2000 net loss | (16,786,404) | 16,786,404 | - | ||||
Price-level restatement of equity accounts | 3,475,090 | 172,991 | 754,760 | 414,078 | 4,816,919 | ||
Equity adjustment from foreign currency translation | 13,237,856 | 13,237,856 | |||||
Net loss for the year | (50,096,084) | (50,096,084) | |||||
Balances at December 31, 2001 | 386,000,000 | 115,574,737 | 5,753,339 | 38,339,722 | 13,771,425 | (50,096,084) | 123,343,139 |
Balances at January 1, 2002 | 386,000,000 | 115,574,737 | 5,753,339 | 38,339,722 | 13,771,425 | (50,096,084) | 123,343,139 |
Allocation of 2001 net loss | (50,096,084) | 50,096,084 | - | ||||
Price-level restatement of equity accounts | 3,473,779 | 172,600 | 1,150,192 | (1,089,739) | 3,706,832 | ||
Capital increase | 19,511,028 | 682,886 | 682,886 | ||||
Equity adjustment from foreign currency translation | 11,664,637 | 11,664,637 | |||||
Net loss for the year | (40,165,867) | (40,165,867) | |||||
Balances at December 31, 2002 | 405,511,028 | 119,731,402 | 5,925,939 | 51,154,551 | (37,414,398) | (40,165,867) | 99,231,627 |
Balances at December 31, 2002 restated to | |||||||
December 31, 2002 constant pesos | 120,928,716 | 5,985,198 | 51,666,097 | (37,788,542) | (40,567,527) | 100,223,942 | |
Balances at January 1, 2003 | 405,511,028 | 119,731,402 | 5,925,939 | 51,154,551 | (37,414,398) | (40,165,867) | 99,231,627 |
Allocation of 2002 net loss | (40,165,867) | 40,165,867 | - | ||||
Price-level restatement of equity accounts | 3,714,577,380 | 1,373,332 | 111,218 | 511,546 | (775,804) | 1,220,292 | |
Share inssuance expenses | (882,608) | (882,608) | |||||
Capital increase | 66,862,392 | 28,251,570 | 95,113,962 | ||||
Equity adjustment from foreign currency translation (e) | (30,379,930) | (30,379,930) | |||||
Net loss for the year | (16,734,324) | (16,734,324) | |||||
Balances at December 31, 2003 | 4,120,088,408 | 187,967,126 | 33,406,119 | 21,286,167 | (78,356,069) | (16,734,324) | 147,569,019 |
- Other reserves include increments arising from technical appraisals of certain assets made during 1979 and 1986 in accordance with instructions issued by the SVS and other reserves that may only be capitalized. Other reserves are summarized as follows:
- The cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment resulted from the adoptions in 1998, of BT64 and corresponds to the net differences between changes in the IPC and the devaluation or revaluation of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar at each year-end arising from foreign investments and related liabilities which have been designated as hedges, as per the following detail:
- Translation difference adjustment
- Capital increase through the issuance of cash shares:
- Share premium
As of December 31, | |||
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Reserve resulting from appraisals of fixed assets | 5,191,776 | 5,191,776 | |
Reserve for future capitalization | 4,070,689 | 4,070,689 | |
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment | 42,403,632 | 12,023,702 | |
Total | 51,666,097 | 21,286,167 |
For the years ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Balances as of January 1 | 16,851,005 | 30,622,347 | 41,983,793 | ||
Price-level restatement of investments applied during the year | 19,388,388 | 799,596 | 419,839 | ||
Foreign exchange adjustments arising from liabilities | |||||
designated as hedges of foreign investments | (5,617,046) | 10,561,850 | (30,379,930) | ||
Total | 30,622,347 | 41,983,793 | 12,023,702 |
This relates to the difference between the variation in the Consumer Price Index and the variation in the U.S. dollar at year-end, for direct and indirect investments abroad and for the liabilities associated with such investments.
The following is a detail of the reserve for translation adjustment calculated in accordance with Technicall Bulletin No.64 of the Chilean Institute of Accounts, which is included within Other reserves:
Balance at | Balance at | ||||||
01/01/03 | Investment | Liabilities | 12/31/2003 | ||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||
Alusa S.A. | 3,613,250 | 36,133 | (3,275,277) | 374,106 | |||
Comercial Madeco S.A.-Argentina | 2,616 | 26 | (5,829) | (3,187) | |||
Indeco S.A. - Perú | 5,887,217 | 58,872 | (4,031,330) | 1,914,759 | |||
Metalúrgica e Industrial S.A. - Argentina | 10,957,980 | 109,580 | (423,530) | 10,644,030 | |||
Metal Overseas S.A. - Islas Cayman | 32,557,618 | 325,576 | (18,509,197) | 14,373,997 | |||
Indalum S.A. | 155,150 | 1,552 | - | 156,702 | |||
Decker-Indelqui S.A.-Argentina (Account receivable) | 5,347,240 | 53,472 | (4,165,333) | 1,235,379 | |||
Indeco S.A. - Perú (goodwill) | 840,662 | 8,407 | (531,891) | 317,178 | |||
Banco Citibank (*) | (9,061,410) | (90,614) | (9,152,024) | ||||
Banco Boston | (2,348,051) | (23,481) | 562,457 | (1,809,075) | |||
Banco Beal (*) | (1,484,824) | (14,848) | - | (1,499,672) | |||
Banco of America (*) | (784,342) | (7,843) | - | (792,185) | |||
Madeco Overseas (Private Placement) (*) | (3,699,313) | (36,993) | - | (3,736,306) | |||
Total | 41,983,793 | 419,839 | (30,379,930) | 12,023,702 |
(*) Loans paid at December 31, 2003.
As part of the process of the capital increase, approved by the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting held on November 14, 2002, the pre-emptive option term commenced on February 18, 2003 and 2,292,973,778 shares were subscribed and paid-in an average of Ch$24 each. Payments were as
follows:
Date | Amount | Number of | |
Ch$ | shares | ||
02/24/2003 | 642,072 | 26,753 | |
03/04/2003 | 49,409,252,044 | 2,058,718,835 | |
03/05/2003 | 728,472 | 30,353 | |
03/07/2003 | 12,848,064 | 535,336 | |
03/10/2003 | 22,024,104 | 917,671 | |
03/11/2003 | 9,122,808 | 380,117 | |
03/12/2003 | 12,960,000 | 540,000 | |
03/13/2003 | 16,044,024 | 668,501 | |
03/14/2003 | 107,960,928 | 4,498,372 | |
03/17/2003 | 80,285,136 | 3,345,214 | |
03/18/2003 | 107,117,304 | 4,463,221 | |
03/19/2003 | 1,220,911,557 | 50,871,315 | |
03/20/2003 | 306,276,442 | 12,761,518 | |
03/21/2003 | 300,024 | 12,501 | |
03/24/2003 | 7,872,480 | 328,020 | |
03/31/2003 | 3,717,025,224 | 154,876,051 | |
Total | 55,031,370,683 | 2,292,973,778 |
On June 20, 2003, 264,800,000 shares were subscribed and paid-in at CH$29 each on average. Payments were as follows:
Date | Amount Ch$ | Number of Shares |
06-20-2003 | 7,680,072,000 | 264,800,000 |
On August 22, 2003, 1,156,803,602 shares were subscribed and paid-in at Ch$28 each on average. Payments were as follows:
Date | Amount | Number of shares |
08/20/2003 | 32,402,520,044 | 1,156,803,602 |
a. In accordance with registration No. 679, dated February 7, 2003, with the Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, the value of each share was Ch$18. However, as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, there was a Ch$6 per share premium, totaling ThCh$28,251,570.
b. The Company incurred capital stock issuance expenses of ThCh$882,608, which were deducted from the share premium (Note 25).
NOTE 24. NON-OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Non-operating income: | |||||
Interest income | 1,996,618 | 1,585,938 | 1,114,271 | ||
Equity in earnings of related companies | 819 | 284,154 | 38,458 | ||
Gains on sale of fixed assets | - | 156,202 | 139,882 | ||
Gain on sale of Optel S.A. shares | 3,932,050 | - | - | ||
Compensation received | 5,742 | - | - | ||
Recovery of expenses | 55,105 | - | - | ||
Gain from increased ownership in investments | - | - | 7,371 | ||
Other | 141,265 | 269,613 | 582,013 | ||
Total | 6,131,599 | 2,295,907 | 1,881,995 | ||
Non-operating expenses: | |||||
Interest expense | 22,099,040 | 19,282,582 | 12,461,680 | ||
Equity in losses of related companies | 52,288 | - | 70,089 | ||
Amortization of goodwill | 2,702,070 | 2,325,937 | 1,843,722 | ||
Adjustment to realizable value of assets held for sale | 2,732,098 | 848,680 | 489,166 | ||
Provision and write-off of obsolete property, plant and equipment | 194,671 | 1,692,075 | 1,680,636 | ||
Allowance for uncollectible accounts (Argentina) | - | 1,166,629 | - | ||
Allowance for uncollectible debts | 684,610 | - | - | ||
Severance indemnity | 3,442,559 | 2,254,079 | - | ||
Labor lawsuits | 3,958,395 | 326,330 | 45,993 | ||
Pending lawsuit (**) | - | - | 335,960 | ||
Metacab pension | 709,519 | - | - | ||
Depreciation of inactive assets (Argentina) (*) | - | 3,284,965 | 1,984,140 | ||
Loss on contracts | 905,233 | - | - | ||
Net loss on sale of property, plant and equipment | 7,062 | - | - | ||
Fees-tax contingencies Ingewall Chile and recoverable taxes (Perú) | 244,434 | - | - | ||
Allowance for valuation of assets in foreign subsidiaries (Ingewall and Uruguay) | 3,398,330 | 516,562 | 483,135 | ||
Allowance for Aluflex S.A. restructuring and other assets | 1,558,500 | - | - | ||
Allowance for Madeco S.A. restructuring | - | 907,246 | 117,444 | ||
Allowance for valuation of property, plant and equipment (Argentina) | 11,533,985 | 4,741,181 | 491,593 | ||
Allowance for valuation of other assets (Argentina) | 1,412,382 | 3,622,231 | 329,601 | ||
Writte-off of tax incentives and other credits (Brazil) | - | 373,586 | - | ||
Provision for subsidiary investment and expenses (Note 2d(*) and Note 28 4b)) | - | - | 4,917,485 | ||
Other | 817,618 | 477,540 | 447,504 | ||
Total | 56,452,794 | 41,819,623 | 25,698,148 |
(*) Corresponds to the depreciation of inactive assets (Note 12)
(**) In 2001, the Company resolved its labor dispute which involved two unions of Madeco Chile that stemmed from an interpretation of collective bargaining agreements in effect in 1989 and 1990. The Company registered provisions for the estimated flow of payments required over the upcoming years.
NOTE 25. EXPENSES FOR ISSUANCE AND PLACEMENT OF SHARES AND DEBT INSTRUMENTS
The expenses incurred and charged to shareholders' equity at December 31, 2003 from the issuance of 3,714,574,380 ordinary, single series, no-par value shares, registered in the Security Register on February 7, 2003 under No 679, are as follows (Note 23):
ThCh$ | |
Comission for capital stock issurance | 842,997 |
Expenses for financial advice | 29,964 |
Fees-other expenses | 9,647 |
Total expenses | 882,608 |
NOTE 26. LOCAL AND FOREIGN CURRENCY
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, assets classified by currency, are as follows:
Assets
Amount | |||
Item | Currency | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Deferred taxes | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 1,553,709 | 1,241,769 |
Argentine peso | 287,170 | 278,220 | |
Brazilian real | 114,691 | 98,030 | |
Peruvian sol | - | 52,775 | |
Other current assets | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 7,575,574 | 7,848,477 |
Indexed Chilean pesos | 687,673 | 405,689 | |
US dollars | 1,771,779 | 6,696,867 | |
Argentine peso | - | 48,129 | |
Brazilian real | 3,490,844 | 1,338,359 | |
Peruvian sol | 1,225,721 | 4,449,520 | |
Other currency | - | 16,282 | |
Property, plant and equipment | |||
Land | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 6,009,061 | 6,000,211 |
US dollars | 9,410,339 | 7,698,938 | |
Building and infraestructure | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 18,974,079 | 18,409,904 |
US dollars | 44,125,180 | 36,043,088 | |
Machinery and equipment | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 89,801,660 | 84,466,304 |
US dollars | 165,570,130 | 126,669,160 | |
Other property, plant and equipment | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 20,103,291 | 20,091,258 |
US dollars | 10,619,780 | 8,864,903 | |
Surplus on technical reppraisal of property, plant and equipment | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 5,335,101 | 5,335,101 |
US dollars | 11,873,230 | 9,713,918 | |
Depreciation (less) | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | (59,747,845) | (59,878,468) |
US dollars | (118,829,182) | (100,654,841) | |
Other assets | |||
Investment in related companies | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 1,467,146 | 1,393,408 |
US dollars | 8,187,601 | 6,617,876 | |
Peruvian sol | 889,117 | 725,372 | |
Investment in other companies | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 19,310 | 15,846 |
Argentine peso | 1 | - | |
Brazilian real | 73,154 | 40,917 | |
Peruvian sol | 114,047 | 13,286 | |
Goodwill | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 1,491,458 | 1,366,934 |
US dollars | 32,327,334 | 23,537,126 | |
Negative goodwill | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | (55,969) | - |
Long-term receivables | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 14,308 | 2,028 |
Indexed Chilean pesos | 664,534 | 159,087 | |
US dollars | 220,475 | 43,941 | |
Argentine peso | 12,524 | 28,395 | |
Brazilian real | 203,257 | 229,709 | |
Due from related companies | Indexed Chilean pesos | 107,462 | 458,197 |
Deferred taxes | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 236,399 | 96,670 |
Argentine peso | 975,535 | 711,274 | |
Brazilian real | 1,295,270 | 1,017,156 | |
Intangibles | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 313,988 | 402,172 |
US dollars | 6,993 | 4,989 | |
Brazilian real | 37,459 | 35,325 | |
Amount | |||
Item | Currency | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Amortization (less) | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | (67,540) | (111,623) |
US dollars | (897) | (734) | |
Others | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 517,888 | 3,279,627 |
Indexed Chilean pesos | 2,284,162 | 1,125,190 | |
US dollars | - | 2,948,185 | |
Argentine peso | 4,956,904 | 1,096,384 | |
Brazilian real | 387,598 | 402,688 | |
Peruvian sol | 6,189 | - | |
Other currency | - | 4,852 | |
Total assets | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 129,632,391 | 130,598,813 |
US dollars | 205,441,981 | 174,095,117 | |
Argentine peso | 9,640,908 | 3,965,043 | |
Brazilian real | 26,412,535 | 18,904,637 | |
Peruvian sol | 4,850,548 | 6,488,082 | |
Euros | 861,527 | 779,892 | |
Other currency | - | 767,714 | |
Indexed Chilean pesos | 5,093,709 | 22,076,492 |
Current liabilities
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, current liabilities classified by currency, are as follows:
Up to 90 days | More than 90 days up to 1 year | |||||||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||||||
Annual | Annual | Annual | Annual | |||||||||
average | average | average | average | |||||||||
interest | interest | interest | interest | |||||||||
Item | Currency | Amount | rate | Amount | rate | Amount | rate | Amount | rate | |||
ThCh$ | % | ThCh$ | % | ThCh$ | % | ThCh$ | % | |||||
Short-term liabilities with banks | Indexed Chilean pesos | 5,744,489 | 6.32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 18,037,968 | 5.60 | 5,286,101 | 5.96 | - | - | 221,585 | 5.50 | ||||
US dollars | 39,488,987 | 3.87 | 3,176,900 | 2.07 | 14,581,381 | 5.03 | 1,914,413 | 4.53 | ||||
Euros | 137,236 | 4.20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 943,110 | 54.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 866,813 | - | 3,734,212 | 20.58 | - | - | 1,895,601 | 20.37 | ||||
Long-term liabilities with banks | Indexed Chilean pesos | 31,494 | 6.03 | 325,210 | 0.08 | 817,534 | 7.09 | 3,188,361 | 6.34 | |||
US dollars | 25,183,393 | 4.18 | 541,920 | 2.91 | 32,793,326 | 3.35 | 1,093,941 | 2.68 | ||||
Brazilian real | 22,541 | - | - | - | 106,561 | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | - | - | 27,160 | 17.00 | 287,110 | 4.72 | 131,163 | 17.00 | ||||
Bonds | Indexed Chilean pesos | 840,971 | 6.00 | - | - | 4,701,482 | 7.01 | 26,908,042 | 6.33 | |||
Current portion of long-term liabilites | Indexed Chilean pesos | 1,779 | 6.46 | 189,099 | 6.00 | 5,505 | 6.46 | 496,091 | 5.80 | |||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 25,760 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
US dollars | 6,090 | 11.28 | - | - | 10,540 | 11.28 | - | - | ||||
Dividends paid | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 75,673 | - | 31,606 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Brazilian real | 209,563 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Accounts payable | Indexed Chilean pesos | 107,959 | - | 44,053 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 5,031,950 | - | 4,856,136 | - | - | - | 127,250 | - | ||||
US dollars | 3,409,765 | - | 3,449,925 | - | 307,173 | - | 186,947 | - | ||||
Euros | 12,607 | - | 22,258 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 391,877 | - | 253,383 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Peruvian sol | 203,777 | - | 40,638 | - | 96,391 | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 40,589 | - | 6,276 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Notes payable | Indexed Chilean pesos | 25,982 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | - | - | 590,407 | - | - | - | 420,000 | - | ||||
US dollars | 6,215,588 | - | 5,475,686 | - | 324,147 | - | 68,498 | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 110,318 | - | 1,857 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 2,202,613 | - | 1,796,099 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other payables | Indexed Chilean pesos | 124,295 | 2.43 | 2,326 | - | 328,477 | 2.80 | - | - | |||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 80,657 | - | 92,667 | - | 37,345 | - | 7,970 | - | ||||
US dollars | 50,361 | 5.21 | 179,890 | 7.79 | 328,551 | 6.02 | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 13,878 | - | 12,846 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 118,278 | - | 46,900 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Peruvian sol | 163,301 | - | 298,365 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Due to related companies | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 255,924 | - | 384,430 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
US dollars | 38,886 | - | 31,483 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Indexed Chilean pesos | - | - | 63,299 | - | 6,018,051 | 6.50 | - | - | ||||
Accruals | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 3,031,738 | - | 2,338,977 | - | 230,262 | - | 281,342 | - | |||
Indexed Chilean pesos | 559,480 | - | 414,540 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
US dollars | 1,214,016 | - | 1,755,482 | - | 1,503 | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 406,189 | - | 727,579 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 737,558 | - | 1,323,302 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Euros | 9,021 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Peruvian sol | 28,351 | - | 372,085 | - | 419,018 | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 795,448 | - | 18,159 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Withholdings | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 625,034 | - | 655,354 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
US dollars | 88 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 128,835 | - | 110,079 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 1,046,724 | - | 563,924 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | - | - | 4,584 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Peruvian sol | 115,663 | - | 102,413 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Unearned income | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | - | - | 1,542,140 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Indexed Chilean pesos | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 229,563 | - | 28,504 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Peruvian sol | - | - | 25,947 | - | 59,906 | - | - | - | ||||
US dollars | 16,357 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other current liabilities | Argentine peso | 106,281 | - | 366,199 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Brazilian real | 407,200 | - | 158,870 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 107,100 | - | 108,735 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Total current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Indexed Chilean pesos | 7,436,449 | 1,038,527 | 11,871,049 | 30,592,494 | ||||||||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 27,271,804 | 15,886,553 | 267,607 | 1,058,147 | ||||||||
US dollars | 75,623,531 | 14,611,286 | 48,346,621 | 3,263,799 | ||||||||
Euros | 158,864 | 22,258 | - | - | ||||||||
Argentine peso | 2,330,051 | 1,500,447 | - | - | ||||||||
Brazilian real | 5,611,290 | 7,623,307 | 106,561 | 1,895,601 | ||||||||
Other currency | 836,037 | 56,179 | 287,110 | 131,163 | ||||||||
Peruvian sol | 511,092 | 839,448 | 575,315 | - |
Long-term liabilities
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, long-term liabilities classified by currency, are as follows:
2002
1 to 3 years | 3 to 5 years | 5 to 10 years | Beyond 10 years | |||||||||
Item | Currency | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||||
Long-term liabilities with banks | Indexed Chilean pesos | 2,295,101 | 6.71 | 296,841 | 7.78 | 138,661 | 6.90 | 27,088 | 6.90 | |||
US dollars | 6,201,152 | 3.41 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 198,047 | 12.73 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Bonds payable | Indexed Chilean pesos | 33,131,878 | 6.45 | 8,931,206 | 7.25 | 22,089,959 | 7.25 | - | - | |||
Notes payable | US dollars | 113,301 | 12.25 | 1,561 | 7.83 | - | - | - | - | |||
Other receivables | Indexed Chilean pesos | 1,441,614 | 2.81 | 1,396,748 | 2.73 | 2,597,820 | 2.70 | 802,853 | 2.70 | |||
US dollars | 386,036 | 7.46 | 44,216 | 1.09 | - | - | - | - | ||||
Due to related companies | Indexed Chilean pesos | 1,453,789 | 6.50 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Accrued expenses | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 353,311 | 4.36 | 70,202 | 7.00 | 503,317 | 2.77 | 781,419 | 6.64 | |||
Indexed Chilean pesos | 88,049 | 2.84 | 80,108 | 7.00 | 283,949 | 7.00 | 1,918,155 | 7.00 | ||||
Brazilian real | 214,647 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 12,837 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 561,055 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other long-term liabilities | US dollars | 265,848 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Argentine peso | 276,598 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Totals | Indexed Chilean pesos | 38,410,431 | - | 10,704,903 | - | 25,110,389 | - | 2,748,096 | - | |||
US dollars | 6,966,337 | - | 45,777 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 412,694 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 353,311 | - | 70,202 | - | 503,317 | - | 781,419 | - | ||||
Other currency | 12,837 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 837,653 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2003
1 to 3 years | 3 to 5 years | 5 to 10 years | Beyond 10 years | |||||||||
Item | Currency | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||||
Long-term liabilities with banks | Indexed Chilean pesos | 7,035,047 | 4.70 | 20,412,353 | 3.88 | 21,994,147 | 2.62 | - | - | |||
US dollars | 4,326,744 | 3.77 | 5,039,352 | 3.41 | 8,599,901 | 3.41 | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 75,753 | 17.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Bonds payable | Indexed Chilean pesos | 7,271,841 | 7.25 | 8,364,482 | 7.25 | 14,961,186 | 7.25 | - | - | |||
Notes payable | US dollars | 66,039 | 10.39 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Other receivables | Indexed Chilean pesos | 1,697,214 | 5.97 | 892,994 | 6.20 | 2,774,764 | 6.20 | 1,015,107 | 6.20 | |||
US dollars | 176,072 | 9.37 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Due to related companies | Indexed Chilean pesos | - | - | - | - | 7,456,126 | 2.59 | - | - | |||
Accrued expenses | Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 297,811 | 1.39 | 31,581 | 7.00 | 56,006 | 7.00 | 640,019 | 6.42 | |||
US dollars | 49,693 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Indexed Chilean pesos | 230,598 | 5.41 | 168,913 | 7.00 | 299,551 | 7.00 | 1,440,242 | 7.00 | ||||
Brazilian real | 431,760 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 11,376 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 326,989 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Other long-term liabilities | Argentine peso | 1,504,714 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Totals | Indexed Chilean pesos | 16,234,700 | - | 29,838,742 | - | 47,485,774 | - | 2,455,349 | - | |||
US dollars | 4,618,548 | - | 5,039,352 | - | 8,599,901 | - | - | - | ||||
Other currency | 87,129 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Non-indexed Chilean pesos | 297,811 | - | 31,581 | - | 56,006 | - | 640,019 | - | ||||
Brazilian real | 431,760 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Argentine peso | 1,831,703 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
NOTE 27. STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Cash | 2,801,671 | 3,695,724 | 2,037,981 | ||
Time deposits | 1,402,214 | 4,140,564 | 3,069,090 | ||
Marketable securities (See Note 5) | - | - | 314,022 | ||
Other current assets (commercial paper) | 421,380 | - | - | ||
Total | 4,625,265 | 7,836,288 | 5,421,093 |
NOTE 28 HEDGE CONTRACTS
At December 31, 2002 and 2003 the detail of hedge contracts, recorded in conformity with Note 2.z., is as follows:
Maturity | Purchase | Hedged Amount | Value of | Affected book accounts | |||||||||
Type of | Type of | Contract | or | / Sale | or transaction | hedge | Asset/Liability | Effect on Income | |||||
hedge | contract | Amount | expiry | Specific item | position | Name | Amount | amount | Name | Amount | Realized | Unrealized | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||||||||
S | CCPE | 116.979 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 116,979 | 116,979 | Other current liabilities | 1,273 | (1,273) | - | |
S | CCPE | 469.102 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 469,102 | 469,102 | Other current liabilities | 13,722 | (13,722) | - | |
S | CCPE | 234.551 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 234,551 | 234,551 | Other current liabilities | 6,143 | (6,143) | - | |
S | CCPE | 234.551 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 234,551 | 234,551 | Other current liabilities | 6,851 | (6,851) | - | |
S | CCPE | 206.049 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 206,049 | 206,049 | Other current liabilities | 6,354 | (6,354) | - | |
S | CCPE | 267.804 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Loan | 267,804 | 267,804 | Other current liabilities | 15,917 | (15,917) | - | |
S | CCPE | 165.670 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 165,670 | 165,670 | Other current liabilities | 5,785 | (5,785) | - | |
S | CCPE | 440.600 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 440,600 | 440,600 | Other current liabilities | 15,623 | (15,623) | - | |
S | CCPE | 211.987 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 211,987 | 211,987 | Other current liabilities | 7,428 | (7,428) | - | |
S | CCPE | 124.104 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 124,104 | 124,104 | Other current liabilities | 3,331 | (3,331) | - | |
S | CCPE | 124.104 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 124,104 | 124,104 | Other current liabilities | 3,333 | (3,333) | - | |
S | CCPE | 400.221 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 400,221 | 400,221 | Other current liabilities | 10,328 | (10,328) | - | |
S | CCPE | 201.892 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 201,892 | 201,892 | Other current liabilities | 5,465 | (5,465) | - | |
S | CCPE | 41.566 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 41,566 | 41,566 | Other current liabilities | 1,125 | (1,125) | - | |
S | CCPE | 153.200 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 153,200 | 153,200 | Other current liabilities | 4,150 | (4,150) | - | |
S | CCPE | 165.076 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 165,076 | 165,076 | Other current liabilities | 4,471 | (4,471) | - | |
S | CCPE | 360.437 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 360,437 | 360,437 | Other current liabilities | 9,141 | (9,141) | - | |
S | CCPE | 296.900 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Loan | 296,900 | 296,900 | Other current liabilities | 7,548 | (7,548) | - | |
S | CCPE | 206.642 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 206,642 | 206,642 | Other current liabilities | 5,087 | (5,087) | - | |
S | CCPE | 207.236 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 207,236 | 207,236 | Other current liabilities | 5,102 | (5,102) | - | |
S | CCPE | 178.140 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 178,140 | 178,140 | Other current liabilities | 4,385 | (4,385) | - | |
S | CCPE | 98.571 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 98,571 | 98,571 | Other current liabilities | 2,427 | (2,427) | - | |
S | CCPE | 239.895 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 239,895 | 239,895 | Other current liabilities | 5,899 | (5,899) | - | |
S | CCPE | 220.300 | I - 2004 | US$/Brazilian real | P | Inventories (CU) | 220,300 | 220,300 | Other current liabilities | 5,417 | (5,417) | - | |
FR | CCTE | 84.795 | I - 2004 | LME - AL | P | Inventories (AL) | 84,795 | 84,795 | Other receivables | 3,829 | 3,829 | - | |
FR | CCTE | 84.795 | I - 2004 | LME - AL | P | Inventories (AL) | 84,795 | 84,795 | Other receivables | 2,427 | 2,427 | - |
CCTE : Contract for hedge of future items
CCPE : Contract for hedge of existing items
FR : Forward
S : Swap
NOTE 29. CONTINGENCIES, COMMITMENTS AND COVENANTS
Madeco S.A.
- Guarantees, levies, contingencies and commitments.
- Deposits, performance bonds and securities supplied as collateral for normal business activity amount to Th$305,254 (Th$247,604 in 2002).
- There are no guarantees extended to third parties.
- At December 31, 2003, the Company has financial instrument repurchase contracts destined to the repayment of Series C bonds (Note 18), for ThCh$9.103.363.
- Lawsuits
- Restrictions on the Company's conduct and financial covenants
- Bonds
At December 31, 2003, there are open lawsuits in which the Company is the defendant that arise in the normal course of its activities and which, in the opinion of the Company's legal counsel, do not pose any risk of significant losses.
At December 31, 2003, the Company has to comply with several financial ratios, the principal terms of which are as follows:
- The Company shall maintain a current liquidity ratio greater than 0.7 (Series C Bonds) and greater than 1.0 (Series A Bonds).
- The Company shall maintain shareholders' equity equal to, or greater than, UF7,000,000 (Series A and C Bonds).
- The Company's debt/equity ratio (debt due to third parties/Shareholders' equity plus minority interest) shall be at least 1.8 (Series A and C Bonds).
- The Company's unencumbered assets must be at least 1.2 times the outstanding balance of the bond issues (Series A and C Bonds).
- The short-term/long-term liability ratio over the Company's net shareholders' equity must be at least 2.00, as from March 31, 2003; and total current assets shall be greater than total current liabilities (Series B Bonds).
- Repayment of bank borrowings or the rescheduling obtained as a result of the Company's financial restructuring may not commence before January 1, 2005. The maximum repayment of bank borrowing which the Company has at the Parent Company only level, is the capital contribution paid in cash of the capital increase approved by the transactions shareholders' meeting held on November 14, 2002.
- Quiñenco S.A., the Companys' majority shareholder, shall maintain that status by having direct or indirect ownership of at least 40%, pursuant to article 97 of the Chilean Securities Act. Nevertheless, at all times, Quiñenco S.A. has to maintain a direct interest of at least 35%.
- The Company shall maintain until the effective date of the contract for the issue of Series B bonds (August 1, 2003) all assets free from any kind of encumbrance, except for guarantees established on assets to finance price balances.
- The Company may not sell, nor allow to be sold, ceded in use of and/or usufruct, and/or otherwise dispose of, essential assets representing more than 40% of total consolidated assets (Series A and C Bonds), or its own or subsidiaries' assets that would be essential for efficient conduct of the Company's operations or business (Series B Bonds).
- The Company shall allocate the proceeds which it obtains as a result of its business cycle, from new borrowings or from the disposal of any of its assets, to the voluntary prepayment of its financial indebtedness with third parties, trying to optimize the debt costs and to maintain a reasonable equilibrium between the distinct groups of creditors. This shall occur after deducting the amounts required for the Company to make payments of must make to satisfy operating, financial and investing commitments in the ordinary course of its normal busines, as well as to comply with its long-term financial commitments.
- Borrowings from Banks
In light of the modifications and rescheduling of borrowings agreed upon by and between Madeco and the creditor banks, and as long as the payment of any balance of bank borrowing owed as a result of the rescheduling contract and the rescheduled loans is pending, the Company shall be obliged to comply with the following:
- The Company shall prepay all of its rescheduled bank loans in the event that the Luksic group ceases to own, whether directly or indirectly, at least 50.1% of the voting shares, or no longer has control over the Company. (Control: Ability to elect the majority of members of the Board of Directors/ Ability to determine the outcome of a vote in all matters requiring approval by the absolute majority of the Company's voting shares./ Ability to exercise, whether directly or indirectly, a decisive influence on the Company's management or policies).
- Obligations on the Company:
- What the Company is obliged not to do:
- Early calling of the loans
- The major Banks may declare the capital, interest and any other amount, as past due or payable immediately, if any of the following cases or events, assignable or not to the Company, occur:
b.1 To preserve and maintain the corporate existence of all of its principal subsidiaries (Alusa S.A., Indalum S.A., Ficap S.A. and Indeco S.A.) as well as their legal structure, such as these rights, properties, licenses, trademarks, permits, franchises, concessions or patents.
b.2 To destine the resources it obtains from its business cycle, from new borrowings or from the disposal of any of its assets to the voluntary prepayment of its financial debts with third parties other than individuals or legal entities related to the Company, except for Banco de Chile, trying to optimize the debt costs and to maintain a reasonable equilibrium between the distinct groups of creditors. This shall occur after deducting the amounts required for the Company to make payments it must make to satisfy operating, financial and investing commitments in the course of its normal business, as well as to comply with its long-term financial commitments.
b.3 To comply with the following financial ratios calculated on the basis of individual and consolidated financial statements:
b.3.1 The Net Financial Debt/Adjusted Shareholders' Equity (as defined) ratio shall not be greater than 1.8 as of the last day of each quarters individual and consolidated financial statements.
Adjusted Shareholders' Equity shall be understood to be shareholders' equity plus minority interest (as defined) excluding the losses and/or negative effects from the disposal of fixed assets and disposable assets of the Company and/or of its subsidiaries, the disposal of subsidiaries, the valuation allowances for fixed assets and disposable assets of the Company and/or of its subsidiaries, and the valuation allowances for investments abroad.
b.3.2 The Minimum Amount of Adjusted Shareholders' Equity shall not be less than UF7,000,000 at December 31 of each year. Notwithstanding, starting with the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of June 30, 2005 and thereafter, on the last day of each quarter the Company shall maintain an Adjusted Shareholders' Equity not less than UF 7,000,000.
b.3.3 The liquidity ratio shall be greater than 1.0 on the last day of each quarter on the basis of the consolidated and individual financial statements.
b.3.4 The Consolidated Ebitda/Consolidated Financial Expenses ratio shall be equal to, or greater than, 1.5 as presented in the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2005 through that as of December 31, 2006.
b.3.5 The Consolidated Ebitda/Consolidated Financial Expenses ratio shall be equal to, or greater than, 1.75 as presented in the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2006 through that as of December 31, 2007.
b.3.6 The Consolidated Ebitda/Consolidated Financial Expenses ratio shall be equal to, or greater than, 2.0 as presented in the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2007 through that of December 31, 2009.
b.3.7 The Net Consolidated Financial Debt/Consolidated Ebitda ratio shall be equal to, or less than, 8.0 as presented in consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2005 through that of December 31, 2006.
b.3.8 The Net Consolidated Financial Debt/Consolidated Ebitda ratio shall be equal to, or less than, 7.0 as presented in the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2006 through that of December 31, 2007.
b.3.9 The Net Consolidated Financial Debt/Consolidated Ebitda ratio shall be equal to, or less than, 6.0 as presented in the consolidated local GAAP financial statements as of December 31, 2007 through that of December 31, 2009.
b.4 To distribute dividends, provided only each and everyone of the following conditions are met:
b.4.1 At least 4 years have elapsed since the date on which the conditions are met -i.e., from March 4, 2003.
b.4.2 No cause for non-compliance, or any non-compliance should have occurred.
b.4.3 The Net Consolidated Financial Debt/Consolidated Ebitda ratio shall be equal to, or less than, 4.0.
In addition to the above, the Company shall comply with the provisions of article No. 69 of the Chilean Law on Corporation.
c.1 It may not establish, or allow, burdens on its lands or buildings and neither may the subsidiaries on intellectual property or any other tangible or intangible assets existing at the date of the debt renegotiations or that may be acquired in the future, except certain exceptions such as: i) burdens, ii) burdens related to the normal corporate activity, iii) funding related to the acquisition of assets, iv) leasing, and v) other.
c.2 It may not enter into any contract or action tending towards subsidiaries' merger, vertical combination or split, except that (i) the Administrative Agent is notified of the adoption or agreements necessary for vertical such merger, combination or split (ii) a noncompliance is not verified or maintained once the operation is completed; (ii) the new entity has the same corporate purpose, operation, essential assets, rights and risk classification that the respective Company or Significant Subsidiary had; (iii) the new company assumes all the obligations assumed by the respective Company or Significant Subsidiary in the lending agreement; and (iv) in the event of liquidation of a Significant Subsidiary, the Company has determined that this is its better interest and that it does not substantially affect the creditors' rights.
c.3 It may not sell, cede in property and/or use and/or in any other way, dispose, through an operation or series of operations to an entity that is not a subsidiary, essential assets representing more than 20% of total consolidated assets (as defined).
c.4 The Company and its subsidiaries may not enter into acts on contracts, or set of contracts with related entities, except in the ordinary course of business and under terms and conditions that should not be less advantageous than those that it would have asecured in an arm's length transaction. The Company will not be able to grant financial credits to the subsidiaries that exceed US$ 3.5 million in the aggregate. Likewise, the disposal of subsidiaries to related entities has to be made in conditions and prices not less than market, in accordance with the report issued by two independent valuators.
c.5 It may not significantly change the nature of its or its significant subsidiaries' main line of business.
c.6 The Company and its subsidiaries are obliged to not (i) modify or allow modifications to the conditions of any debt that does not have preference with regard to the Company's other debts, including modifications to any contract for bond issuance, credit agreement or establishment of a guarantee that is related to such debts, except that such debts may reflect new terms and conditions prevailing in the market; and (ii) modify or allow modifications to the by - laws that may imply significant the alterations to the creditors' rights under the credit contract.
c.7 The Company and its subsidiaries may not grant personal guarantees to act as a surety of third parties' obligations, except for certain exceptions.
c.8 The Company and its subsidiaries may not acquire majority interests in other companies or minority interests whose acquisition is individually or in the aggregate greater than one million dollars, except for certain exceptions.
Any creditor may demand, at his choice, the payment of past-due installment(s) or the total settlements of the outstanding, in the event of it (them) becoming past-due or simple delay in the payment of all or part of the amount due in virtue of the bank debt renegotiation contracts.
e.1 If the Company does not settle any debt or obligation in cash, for principal, interest, premiums or other items, whose amount is greater than one million dollars individually or in the aggregate.
e.2 If the subsidiaries Alusa S.A. or Indalum S.A. do not pay any debt or obligation in cash (after three years have elapsed since the renegotiation came into effect) for capital, interests, premiums or other items that are higher than three million five hundred thousand dollars, individually or in the aggregate.
e.3 If the subsidiaries Ficap S.A or Indenco S.A do not settle any debt or obligation in cash for principal, interest, premiums or other items whose amount is greater than three million five hundred thousand dollars individually or in the aggregate, as long as the respective creditor(s) have demanded in writing the acceleration of the settlements such debt or obligation and have requested Ficap S.A. or Indeco S.A. to pay the total of such debt, declaring it in the way currently payable and past-due.
e.4 If any firm sentence or seizure action is handed out against the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries, that requires the payment of an amount equal to or greater than three million dollars and such amount is unpaid.
e.5 If a seizure action is handed down against the Company or any of its subsidiaries with a non-monetary result, but from which an important adverse effect may be reasonably expected.
e.6 In the event the Company does not comply with any of its obligations or enters into transactions prohibited under the contract.
e.7 In the event that for any circumstance, the Company ceases to be registered in the Register of Securities of the Superintendency of Insurance and Securities.
e.8 If the Company ceases to be the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of at least 51% of the voting right common shares issued by any of its subsidiaries Indalum S.A., Indeco S.A. and Ficap S.A.
- Other Contingencies:
- In Brazil there are two pending lawsuits against the previous owner of Ficap S.A., from the period prior to Madeco S.A. acquiring this subsidiary in 1997. It is estimated that the total for lawsuits is equivalent to approximately US$10 million. Madeco S.A. has a personal guarantee from the previous owner and Ficap S.A., with respect to indemnifying the Company, if the Brazilian subsidiary is affected by these legal proceedings.
- The Company and its subsidiary Madeco Brasil Ltda. filed an arbitration claim at the city of New York before the American Arbitration Association against Corning International Corporation ("Corning Inc."), based on the fact that Corning Inc. has attempted to unjustifiably terminate the agreements entered into with the Company regarding Ficap Optel Ltda. ("Optel"), Brazilian company in which Corning International Corporation and Madeco Brasil Ltda., are owners in equal shares. In turn, Corning Inc. has filed a counterclaim against the Company, by virtue of which it requests, among other things, that Corning Inc. be declared entitled to terminate the agreements with the Company.
The Company was notified of the ruling passed by the arbitration proceeding. This ruling, among other provisions, declares terminated the Investment Agreement of 1999, signed by the same parties on June 12, 1999, and the amendments thereof. This implies the loss of the put the Company had to sell its Ficap Optel Ltda.'s shares in Brazil to Corning Inc., at a price of US$ 18,000,000, which did not produce accounting effects, since this type of option did not have accounting effects.
In addition, the ruling declared null the Investment Agreement and therefore Madeco S.A. loses its right to manage the Company.
Finally, the ruling forces acceptance with what Corning Inc. determines as regards the decision of liquidating the company. For this reason, Madeco S.A. decided to provide its full 50% interest in Optel.
Armat S.A.
On August 14, 2001 the company entered into a loan contract with Scotiabank in order to restructure its working capital. Such contract implies, among other things, the compliance with certain obligations mainly referred to semiannual reporting, annual audited financial statements, compliance with certain financial ratios and obligations related to the maintaining of the company's ownership.
At December 31, 2003 there is an obligation for deferred customs duties on imported capital goods making use of regulations of Decree-Law No. 1,226 of 1985 and Law No. 18,634 of 1987. The maturity dates of such obligations range from January 2004 to October 2005.
Indalum S.A.
a. The Company has taken certificates of deposit on behalf of the indirect subsidiary Ingewall S.A. that amount to Th$427,536 (Th$1,506,324 in 2002).
b. There are no cases or other legal actions against the Company.
c. In accordance with the negotiation carried out by the Company on December 29, 2003, with Banco de Chile, Banco de Credito e Inversiones, Banco del Estado and Banco Security, the following restrictions were established, which are in force from this date up to December 26, 2008.
1. To keep, on June and December of each year, on the basis of the consolidated financial statements, according to the applicable FECU dated June 30 and December 31 of each year, the following financial ratios:
a) A level of indebtedness or leverage not greater than 1.2.
b) A minimum capital equivalent to UF 1,630,000.
2. To preserve the ownership of property, plant and equipment required for the normal development of its business activities and the current development of its operations and business; and to preserve the ownership of the subsidiary Alumco S.A.
3. Not to pledge, mortgage or constitute any security or transmission right on any property, plan and equipment owned by Indalum S.A. or its subsidiaries, except for those securities on goods purchased in the future, which are established as guarantees for financing the acquisition of said goods.
4. Not to grant personal guarantee or endorsement to warrant the fulfillment of any obligation, debt, liability or commitment incurred by an individual or entity other than Indalum S.A. or its subsidiary companies, without prior consent in writing from the creditors.
5. Not to pay and distribute dividends that exceed 30% of the net income of each financial year, unless previously agreed to in writing by the creditors.
6. Not to grant direct financing to third parties outside the line of business. Direct financing will not include commercial accounts receivable from Indalum S.A.'s customers, nor loans to the executives and personnel of Indalum S.A. or its subsidiaries.
7. In the event of disposal of the properties located at 244 Aysen St, Macul; 2736 Vitacura Ave, Office 301, Vitacura; and 1313 Santa Marta St, Maipu; the debtor should allocate the full selling price of said real estate for the prorrata prepayment of the restructured obligations' balance. This calculation will consider the agreed upon restructured obligations, plus the principal of financial credits that, at the date of sale, it owes to Madeco S.A. In connection with this last requirement, the amount given by the parent company as a mutual bill or money loan in cash will be considered as a financial debt, which at December 31, 2003, amounts to Th$4,329,888.
8. To pay the financial credit currently owed to its parent company Madeco S.A., only if Indalum S.A. is up to date in the payment of all its credits owed to banks and has fulfilled all its affirmative and negative covenants assumed by virtue of agreement or the resources from the disposal of the abovementioned real estate.
9. Madeco S.A. should have, directly or indirectly during the agreement's term, control over the ownership of Indalum S.A., or have an interest of at least 50.1% ownership.
ALUSA S.A.
At December 31, 2003, the Company presents the following contingencies and/or restrictions:
The Company is subject to the following commitments with the indicated financial institutions:
Syndicated Loan from Banco de Chile and Banco del Estado, UF 300,000
In order to guarantee the obtained credits, Alusa S.A. should observe the following restrictions:
a) To keep the following financial indicators in its individual and consolidated financial statements: A Leverage, that is, a level of indebtedness in which the total current liabilities do not exceed 0.75 times the equity. For this purpose, the equity will be considered net of intangibles and technical revaluations of the assets.
b) A minimum equity of UF 1,765,000.
c) In case of disposing of the properties located on 2935 and 2585 Vicuña Mackenna Ave, Alusa S.A. should allocate at least 35% of the disposal value for prepaying the interested banks, at prorate, the syndicated loan.
d) Not to establish security guarantees on its assets or personal guarantees in favor of creditors other than the interested banks, without their prior consent in writing, unless said guarantees are also rendered in favor of the interested banks with the same conditions and equal degree of preference as the remaining beneficiary creditors thereof. This prohibition excludes the security guarantees that Alusa S.A. constitutes on goods purchased in the future, with the purpose of securing the financing obtained for the acquisition of said goods.
e) Not to have accounts receivable from its Argentinean subsidiary Aluflex S.A. that correspond to operations outside its line of business, unless previously agreed to in writing by the banks involved. In addition, the accounts receivable with its subsidiary Aluflex S.A. can not be greater than US$600,000, unless previously agreed to in writing by the banks involved.
At December 31, 2003, the Company complies with all these covenants.
At December 31, 2003, the Company has received additional tax billings (No. 372 and No. 373) submitted by the IRS, which are pending.
The Company will follow the general claim procedure, Title II, of the regulations contained in Statutory Decree No. 830, Tax Code.
Direct guarantees
Balances pending | ||||||||||||||
payment at financial | ||||||||||||||
Debtor | Type of | Pledged Assets | statements close | Release of Guarantees | ||||||||||
Creditor of Guarantee | Name | Relationship | guarantee | Type | Book Value | 12/31/03 | 12/31/02 | 12/31/04 | Assets | 09/30/05 | Assets | 09/30/06 | Assets | |
Banco Santiago | Alufoil S.A. | Subsidiary | Mortgage | Industrial plant | 671,208 | 234,482 | 249,482 | 15,795 | - | 218,940 | - | - | - | |
Banco Security | Alufoil S.A. | Subsidiary | Industrial machinery | 1,413,262 | 1,272,279 | 2,157,350 | 517,838 | - | 754,441 | - | - | - | ||
BanChile Leasing | Alufoil S.A. | Subsidiary | Leasing | Corning weyhmuller | 71,192 | 64,190 | 85,614 | 31,036 | - | 33,034 | - | - | - | |
Codelco | Madeco S.A. | Customer | Collateral | - | - | 4,097 | - | 4,097 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Codelco División Norte | Madeco S.A. | Customer | Collateral | - | - | 249,182 | - | 249,182 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Sudameris / Real | Ficap | Contract | - | - | 53,774 | - | 53,774 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Seg.Bras./Inter-Atlantico | Ficap | Subsidiary | Insurance | - | - | 1,927,072 | - | 450,754 | - | 1,476,318 | - | - | - | |
Optel S.A. | Subsidiary | Fixed assets | - | 1,720,607 | 3,614,052 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Ficap | Subsidiary | Contract | - | - | 57,064 | - | 57,064 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Safra | Ficap | Subsidiary | Contract | - | - | 106,757 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Safra | Ficap | Subsidiary | Fixed assets | - | 524,006 | 405,138 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Ficap | Subsidiary | Fixed assets | - | 91,438 | 91,438 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indirect Guarantees
Balances pending | |||||||||||
payment at financial | |||||||||||
Type of | Pledged Assets | statements close | Release of Guarantees | ||||||||
guarantee | Type | Book Value | 12/31/2003 | 12/31/02 | 12/31/04 | Assets | 09/30/05 | Assets | 09/30/06 | Assets | |
Bid bond | |||||||||||
guarantee | - | - | 427,536 | 905,022 | 427,536 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Bid bond | |||||||||||
guarantee | - | - | - | 601,302 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
NOTE 30. GUARANTEES RECEIVED FROM THIRD PARTIES
At December 31, 2002 and 2003, the Company holds the following guarantees from third parties:
Type of | Balance | |||||
Guarantees received from third parties | Relationship | guarantee | 2002 | 2003 | ||
M$ | M$ | |||||
Tito Alvarado | Client | Bill of exchange | 114,999 | 86,292 | ||
Jorge López | Client | Bill of exchange | 86,249 | 86,292 | ||
Ingewall Chile S.A. | Client | Bill of exchange | - | 25,637 | ||
Emp. Const. NDS Ltda. | Client | Bill of exchange | - | 26,160 | ||
Ferbras S.A. | Client | Checks | 171,700 | 120,000 | ||
Ingevic S.A. | Client | Checks | 8,270 | 8,188 | ||
Dirección de Vialidad | Client | Checks | - | 755 | ||
Jorge Moya | Client | Mortgage | 2,665 | - | ||
Digoval S.A. | Client | Mortgage | 60,600 | 60,000 | ||
Inv. PPYFA S.A. | Client | Mortgage | 96,344 | 94,400 | ||
José Prieto | Client | Mortgage | - | 48,000 | ||
Juan Arbulo | Client | Mortgage | 71,637 | 14,891 | ||
Pedro Gajardo | Client | Mortgage | 2,718 | 2,691 | ||
Carlos Pizarro | Client | Mortgage | 2,323 | 2,300 | ||
Sialum | Client | Mortgage | - | 2,399 | ||
Angel Aravena | Client | Lien | 20,402 | 20,200 | ||
Ruben Riojas | Client | Lien | 1,010 | 1,000 | ||
Jorge Lagos | Client | Given in settlement | 155,142 | 155,219 | ||
Juan Arbulo | Client | Mortgage | - | 86,528 | ||
José Prieto | Client | Mortgage | 259,875 | 211,500 | ||
Jorge López | Client | Bill of exchange | 48,315 | 48,339 | ||
Daniel Valverde | Client | Industrial lien | 80,800 | 107,603 | ||
José Miguel Prieto | Client | Bid bond | - | 21,741 |
NOTE 31. COMMON STOCK OWNERSHIP
At December 31, 2003, Quiñenco S.A., its subsidiaries, related companies, members of the Luksic family and Directors, Executives and their direct relatives, together owned 53.36% of Madeco S.A., as set forth below:
Total | |
participation | |
% | |
Quiñenco S.A. | 46.246 |
Inversiones Río Grande S.A. | 6.975 |
Other (Directors, Executive officers and other companies related to | |
Quiñenco S.A. and members of the Luksic family) | 0.136 |
Total | 53.357 |
NOTE 32. SEGMENT REPORTING
In 1998, Madeco adopted U.S. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" ("SFAS 131"), issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or "FASB", which establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments in annual financial statements as well as related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial statement information is available and is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. As a result of a thorough strategic and operational analysis conducted during the first half of 1999, Madeco was reorganized into four principal segments based on its production processes. The four business segments are wire and cable, brass mills, flexible packaging and aluminum. Before thi s reorganization, the Company's business was divided into the telecommunications, construction, energy, mining, industry and consumer product is
packing segments.
The accounting policies of each segment are as described in the Company's summary of significant accounting policies (See Note 2). The following is a description of the four segments:
Wire and Cable
The Company produces and sells in Chile, Argentina, Peru and Brazil various wire and cable products designed to meet client needs in the telecommunications, energy, mining, construction and manufacturing industries. Wire and cable products have certain generalized differentiating characteristics, such as single strand (wire) or multiple, twisted strands (cable), bare or insulated, type of material used for insulation, and magnetic or non-magnetic.
Brass Mills
The Company's brass mills segment manufactures a variety of products used by other industrial companies and the construction sector. These products include pipes, bars, busbars and sheets made of copper, copper alloy, brass, aluminum and aluminum alloy. The Company also manufactures coin blanks and minted coins, which are produced principally from alloys comprised of copper, nickel, aluminum and zinc. While the Company's brass mills facilities are located in Chile and Argentina, a significant portion of revenues are generated from export sales. Exports for the pipes, bars and sheets, or "PBS" division of the Brass Mills may include sales to customers in country other than Chile or Argentina. Exports for the Coins division of the Brass Mills unit may include sales to customers in any country other than Chile.
Flexible Packaging
The Company's flexible packaging segment manufactures flexible packaging for use in the packaging of large scale consumer products, as well as aluminum foil and plastic wrap, for both commercial and home use. The Company has flexible packaging operations in Chile and Argentina. In Peru, the Company has a 25% interest in two Peruvian operations, Peruplast and Tech Pack.
Aluminum
The Company is the leading Chilean manufacturer of aluminum siding used principally in the construction sector for window frames, door frames, external and internal hardware fixtures, and customized goods for the production of industrial durable goods. In conjunction with the production of aluminum siding, the Company has a curtain wall installation service.
Segment reporting
Disclosure of segment data and a reconciliation of the total amounts reported by reportable segments to the consolidated amounts in the financial statements are as follows:
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2001 | |||||||||||||
Wire and | Brass | Flexible | Non- | ||||||||||
cable | mills | packaging | Aluminum | assignable | (1) | Elimination | Consolidated | ||||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||
Sales to unaffiliated customers | 198,500,385 | 72,541,676 | 43,970,772 | 29,843,606 | - | - | 344,856,439 | ||||||
Intersegment sales | 14,552,335 | 5,157,333 | - | 3,994 | - | (19,713,662) | - | ||||||
Total revenues | 213,052,720 | 77,699,009 | 43,970,772 | 29,847,600 | - | (19,713,662) | 344,856,439 | ||||||
Depreciation expense | 7,865,293 | 4,107,722 | 2,618,824 | 756,612 | - | - | 15,348,452 | ||||||
Operating income (loss) | 9,935,292 | 666,275 | (26,552) | 506,990 | - | - | 11,082,006 | ||||||
Identifiable assets at December 31, 2001 | 177,851,585 | 99,228,491 | 67,923,464 | 37,390,562 | 38,088,524 | - | 420,482,626 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | 1,550,562 | 2,407,429 | 4,095,809 | 680,375 | - | - | 8,734,175 | ||||||
Goodwill | 31,004,499 | - | 1,003,548 | 1,048,391 | - | - | 33,056,438 |
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2002 | |||||||||||||
Wire and | Brass | Flexible | Non- | ||||||||||
cable | mills | packaging | Aluminum | assignable | (1) | Elimination | Consolidated | ||||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||
Sales to unaffiliated customers | 132,403,012 | 57,126,943 | 40,938,625 | 28,376,841 | - | - | 258,845,421 | ||||||
Intersegment sales | 14,093,450 | 2,403,731 | 620 | 106 | - | (16,497,908) | - | ||||||
Total revenues | 146,496,462 | 59,530,675 | 40,939,245 | 28,376,947 | - | (16,497,908) | 258,845,421 | ||||||
Depreciation expense | 7,414,772 | 2,423,049 | 2,457,865 | 617,863 | - | - | 12,913,549 | ||||||
Operating income (loss) | (2,957,838) | 1,073,525 | 2,272,947 | 3,654,855 | - | - | 4,043,489 | ||||||
Identifiable assets at December 31, 2002 | 178,432,623 | 74,319,313 | 60,735,004 | 36,366,271 | 32,080,388 | - | 381,933,599 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | 956,647 | 456,821 | 4,620,825 | 430,546 | - | - | 6,464,838 | ||||||
Goodwill | 31,854,341 | - | 986,507 | 977,944 | - | - | 33,818,792 |
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2003 | |||||||||||||
Wire and | Brass | Flexible | Non- | ||||||||||
cable | mills | packaging | Aluminum | assignable | (1) | Elimination | Consolidated | ||||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||||
Sales to unaffiliated customers | 110,527,265 | 56,176,201 | 41,737,075 | 29,225,490 | - | - | 237,666,031 | ||||||
Intersegment sales | 20,027,746 | 6,115,548 | 4,087 | - | - | (26,147,381) | - | ||||||
Total revenues | 130,555,011 | 62,291,749 | 41,741,162 | 29,225,490 | - | (26,147,381) | 237,666,031 | ||||||
Depreciation expense | 5,860,764 | 2,502,370 | 2,096,347 | 612,999 | - | - | 11,072,480 | ||||||
Operating income (loss) | (1,019,504) | 1,446,599 | 3,257,720 | 3,771,957 | - | - | 7,456,772 | ||||||
Identifiable assets at December 31, 2003 | 153,372,288 | 71,589,010 | 56,873,315 | 34,052,922 | 37,788,255 | - | 353,675,790 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | 356,090 | 404,402 | 2,318,276 | 400,051 | - | - | 3,478,819 | ||||||
Goodwill | 23,177,109 | - | 829,706 | 897,245 | - | - | 24,904,060 | ||||||
- Non-assignable assets correspond to assets that relate to more than one business segment and relate principally to: (i) cash items and financial assets which are managed on a consolidated basis in order to finance operations of the Company, (ii) property, plant and equipment used in management activities that cannot be precisely assignable to a specific business segment and (iii) other assets not related to the normal operations of some business segment.
The following represents sales data for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 and property, plant and equipment information by geographic area as of December 31, 2002 and 2003.
Property, plant | |||||||||
Sales | and equipment | ||||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Chile | 153,220,263 | 146,068,787 | 145,481,035 | 80,475,346 | 74,425,234 | ||||
Brazil | 110,824,385 | 71,793,121 | 51,040,913 | 63,571,425 | 29,657,358 | ||||
Argentina | 50,727,566 | 15,128,897 | 16,346,614 | 42,648,881 | 45,836,735 | ||||
Peru | 30,084,225 | 25,854,616 | 24,797,469 | 16,549,172 | 12,840,149 | ||||
Total | 344,856,439 | 258,845,421 | 237,666,031 | 203,244,824 | 162,759,476 |
The Company did not have any customers which accounted for 10% or more of consolidated revenues during 2001, 2002 and 2003.
NOTE 33. SANCTIONS
For the periods of twelve months ended December 31, 2002 and 2003, notice has not been received of sanctions being applied against the Company, its Directors and Administrators.
NOTE 34. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
No other significant subsequent events have occurred between January 1, 2004 and the date of issue of these financial statements.
NOTE 35. ENVIRONMENT
At December 31, 2003, the Parent Company and its subsidiaries have not made any significant disbursements for investments or expenses necessary for protecting the environment.
NOTE 36. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHILEAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
Accounting principles generally accepted in Chile ("Chilean GAAP") vary in certain important respects from those generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Such differences include methods for measuring the amounts shown in the financial statements as well as additional disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.
- Differences in measurement methods
The following includes the principal methods used in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements which have resulted in amounts which differ from those that would have been determined by U.S. GAAP.
- Inflation accounting
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment
- Deferred income tax
- Business combinations
- Minimum dividend in Chile GAAP
- Employee severance indemnities
- Revenue recognition
- Liability recognition for certain employee termination benefits and other restructuring costs
- Comprehensive income
- Derivative instruments and hedging activities
The cumulative inflation rate in Chile, as measured by the IPC for the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, was approximately 7.1%.
Chilean GAAP requires that financial statements be restated to reflect the purchasing power of the Chilean peso. The method, described in Note 2.c, is based on a model which enables calculations of net inflation gains or losses caused by monetary assets and liabilities exposed to changes in the purchasing power of the local currency, by restating all non-monetary accounts in the financial statements. The model prescribes that the historical cost of such accounts be restated for general price-level changes between the date of origin of each item and the year-end, but allows direct utilization of latest cost values for the restatement of inventories, as an alternative to the price-level restatement of those assets, but only if the resulting values are not materially different.
The inclusion of price-level adjustments in the accompanying financial statements is considered appropriate under the prolonged inflationary conditions which affect the Chilean economy. Accordingly, the effect of price-level restatement is not eliminated in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP included under paragraph 1.n below.
As mentioned in Note 2, certain property, plant and equipment are reported in the financial statements at amounts determined in accordance with a technical appraisal. Revaluation of property, plant and equipment is an accounting principle not generally accepted in the United States. The effects of the reversal of this revaluation, as well as of the related accumulated depreciation and depreciation expense for the year, is shown under paragraph 1.n below.
Until 1999, deferred tax assets were only recognized as temporary differences whose reversal would be offset by new similar timing differences. The Company determined its income tax expense based its net taxable income.
As of January 1, 2000, the Company recorded all deferred taxes arising from temporary differences, tax losses and other events that create differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities in conformity with BT60. This amount was set up as a contra asset or liability which is amortized over the estimated period of reversal.
As of January 1, 2000, the Company recorded all deferred taxes arising from temporary differences, tax losses and other events that create differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities in conformity with BT60. The provisions of BT60 are applicable only to temporary differences, tax benefits from tax losses, and other events that create differences between the book basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities arising after January 1, 2000.
Under U.S. GAAP, temporary differences between the book and tax value of assets and liabilities give rise to deferred tax assets or liabilities. Also, a deferred tax asset should be recorded for tax losses carried forward. Deferred tax assets should be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The effect of this difference is shown under paragraph 1.n. below.
The movements in the valuation allowance were as follows:
Valuation allowance | 2002 | 2003 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Balance at beginning of period | 3,016,406 | 2,634,670 |
Price-level restatement | 90,492 | 26,347 |
Increase-provision | 1,178,350 | 7,790,225 |
Foreign exchange adjustments | (1,650,578) | (182,904) |
Balance at period-end | 2,634,670 | 10,268,338 |
Under U.S. GAAP, in a business combination accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, the acquired company's assets and liabilities are adjusted to give effect to the purchase price paid by the acquiring company. If, after the assets and liabilities of the acquired company have been adjusted to their fair value at the acquisition date, the purchase price exceeds the amount of such fair value, the excess is recorded as goodwill.
Under Chilean GAAP, any difference between the purchase price and the net book value of assets and liabilities acquired in a purchase transaction is considered to be goodwill. Such goodwill is tested for impairment under Technical Bulletin No. 72, which test is based on undiscounted cash flow for a cash - flow generating unit as defined when a change of circumstances occurs. Goodwill is amortized on a straight-line basis over a 20 year period for Chilean GAAP and until December 31, 2001 amortized over a similar period for U.S. GAAP purposes. Effective January 1, 2002, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.142 eliminated amortization on goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives. Therefore, amortization of goodwill is reversed in 2002 and 2003 in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP. The Company has no intangible assets with indefinite lives. The Company performed its transitional impairment test under SFAS No. 142. No impairment losses were recorded as a result of this test in 2002 no as the result of the Company's annual impairment test in December, 2002.
In December, 2003, the Company performed its annual impairment test under SFAS No.142. As a result of that test, the Company recorded a write - off of ThCh$5,938,000, related to goodwill impairment in its Wire and Cable Unit, specifically for to its Ficap plant in Brazil. The goodwill for the wire and cable unit prior to the impairment charge was ThCh$20,941,824 and after the impairment charge, ThCh$15,003,824.
HAD WE ADOPTED SFAS No. 142 EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2002 AND ACCORDINGLY NOT AMORTIZED GOODWILL FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2002 AND 2003 THE COMPANY'S NET LOSS AND BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE WOULD HAVE BEEN AS FOLLOWS:
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
Net loss under US GAAP as reported | (54,926,271) | (44,088,917) | (19,660,666) |
Add back: Goodwill Amortization under US GAAP | 2,790,778 | - | - |
Adjusted net loss under US GAAP | (52,135,493) | (44,088,917) | (19,660,666) |
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
Ch$ | Ch$ | Ch$ | |
Basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||
Reported net loss | (142.30) | (112.87) | (6.88) |
Add back: Goodwill amortization | 7.23 | - | - |
Adjusted net loss per share | (135.07) | (112.87) | (6.88) |
As required by the Chilean Corporations Law, unless otherwise decided by unanimous vote of the issued and subscribed shares, the Company must distribute a cash dividend in an amount equal to at least 30% of the Company's net income for each year as determined in accordance with Chilean GAAP, unless and except to the extent the Company has unabsorbed prior year losses. Since the payment of the 30% dividend out of each year's income is a legal requirement in Chile, an accrual for U.S. GAAP purposes should be made to recognize the corresponding decrease in equity at each balance sheet date. No accrual would have been recorded at December 31, 2001, 2002 or 2003 as the Company had unabsorbed prior year losses under Chilean GAAP.
For Chilean GAAP purposes, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries provide for severance indemnities when rights to such benefits have been formally guaranteed to employee groups. These severance indemnity plans are unfunded. Those obligations are based on the present value of the liability determined at the end of each year based on the current salary and number of years of service of each employee. The Company currently uses an actual annual discount rate of 6% to 7% (7% in 2002 and 6% in 2001) and a projected employee service life based on probable tenure of vested employees. The actual annual discount rate does not include a projection of inflation and accordingly, future salary increases are also excluded from the calculation of the obligation because all such future increases are expected to approximate the increase in inflation over a long-term period. For US GAAP purposes, according to EITF 88-1, the severance indemnities described above would be determined based on the vested benefits to which the employees are entitled if they leave immediately (settlement basis). This difference in accounting for staff severance benefits between Chilean and US GAAP is included in the reconciliation to US GAAP under paragraph 1.n. below.
Under Chilean GAAP, revenue is recognized at the time that goods are shipped. Revenue which the Company has billed and collected in advance is deferred until the related goods are shipped. Under U.S. GAAP and in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletins 101 and 104, or "SAB 101" and "SAB 104", revenue is realized or realizable and earned, when 1) "Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists", 2) "the seller's price is fixed or determinable", 3) "collectibility is reasonably assured", and 4) "delivery has occurred". Delivery is considered to have occurred when title has been taken by the customer and risks and rewards of ownership of the products are assumed by the customer. The Company has certain export sales, for which delivery has not occurred under U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 2001 and 2002. The effect of the difference is shown, under paragraph 1.n. below.
As indicated in Note 1, during 1999, the Company decided to restructure a portion of its operations. As part of this process, certain operating plants were either closed or transferred and merged with other plants. At December 31, 1999, some steps related to this process were not complete and accordingly, the Company recorded provisions for the estimated cost to completion. The estimated costs related to employee benefits such as severance and termination benefits and costs associated with the relocation of plant facilities.
The recognition of liabilities related to a restructuring process under US GAAP is prescribed by Emerging Issues Task Force 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)" ("EITF 94-3"). In order to recognize a liability for employee termination benefits and other restructuring costs, EITF 94-3 requires that, prior to the date of the financial statements, certain specific conditions must be met or exist.
For the provisions indicated in the first two paragraphs of this note, the required conditions were met during 2001, respectively, therefore the amount has been included in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in that year.
In 2002, the Company made an accrual of ThCh$917,827 for supplementary severance payments under a separate restructuring plan. For US GAAP purposes, this amount was reversed as the specific conditions mentioned were not met. In 2003, the Company paid ThCh$494,522 which was expensed for U.S. GAAP.
On January 1, 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income". ("SFAS 130") which establishes guidelines for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components (revenues, expenses, gains and losses) in a full set of general purpose financial statements. SFAS 130 requires that all items that are required to be recognized under U.S. GAAP as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. The disclosures required under U.S. GAAP are set forth in paragraph 1.n below.
Other comprehensive income under U.S. GAAP includes the adjustment to stockholders' equity arising from the foreign currency translation under Chilean GAAP.
The Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes, foreign currency fluctuations and changes in the market values of its investments. In the normal course of business, the Company employs established policies and procedures to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates, foreign currencies and the fair market value of certain of its investments in debt and equity securities using a variety of financial instruments.
It is the Company's policy to enter into foreign currency and interest rate transactions and other financial instruments only to the extent considered necessary to meet its objectives as stated above.
Under Chilean GAAP, foreign forward exchange contracts and swaps have been recorded on the balance sheet at the closing spot exchange rate, based on BT57. Under Chilean GAAP, those derivative instruments are recorded as follows:
- Investments contracts (for speculative purposes) are recorded at the closing spot exchange rate and gains and losses are included in earnings as "Other non-operating income and expenses."
- Derivatives that are designated and effective as hedges of existing assets or liabilities are recorded at fair value, together with the item being hedged based on the closing spot rate. If the net change in fair values of the derivative instrument and the hedged item results in a loss, the net difference is recorded in the results of operations. If the net variation on the fair value of the derivative instrument and the hedge item results in a gain, the net difference on the fair value is recorded as unrealized gains as a balance sheet deferral.
- Contracts that are designated as hedges of future cash flows or forecasted transactions must be marked-to-market based on the closing spot rate, with any variation in the fair value recorded as unrealized gains or losses in the income statement.
Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" ("SFAS 133"), as amended by SFAS No. 138 ("SFAS 138") and SFAS No. 149, establishes standards for all derivatives and requires that all derivatives be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Generally, changes in the fair value of derivatives must be recognized in income when they occur, the only exception being derivatives that qualify as hedges in accordance with the Standards. If a derivative qualifies as a hedge, a Company can elect to use "hedge accounting" to eliminate or reduce the income statement volatility that would arise from reporting changes in a derivative's fair value in income. For the purposes of U.S. GAAP, the Company has not designated the derivative contracts as hedges although management believes that these foreign currency contracts, which have not been designated as hedging instruments under SFAS 133, effectively hedge the impact of the vari ability in exchange rates. The foreign currency contracts have been marked-to-market and recorded to earnings for U.S. GAAP purposes and the results of such, if applicable, have been included under paragraph 1.n below.
- Share issuance expenses
- Reversal of impairment loss for Chilean GAAP
- Valuation allowance for taxes
- Effects of conforming to US GAAP
Share issuance expenses may be expensed or recorded in shareholders' equity for Chilean GAAP purposes. For U.S. GAAP purposes, these amounts are offset against the paid-in capital recorded as a result of the share issuance. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the share inssuance expenses were recorded in the income statement however no adjustment to U.S. GAAP was made because the difference was not significant. For the year ended December 31, 2003, share issuance expenses were recorded in equity for both Chilean and US GAAP purposes.
For the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company recorded a provision for impairment of fixed assets related to its plants in Argentina. Under Chilean GAAP during the year ended December 31, 2002, the Company has reassessed this impairment provision based on an improvement in the economic situation in Argentina and has reversed ThCh$6,760,702 related to this provision. For US GAAP purposes, SFAS 144 does not allow the reversal of impairment losses. Therefore, the amount reversed as a provision for Chilean GAAP purposes appears as a reconciling item in the US GAAP reconciliation in Item n. of this note.
For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company reversed for US GAAP purposes, the difference between the depreciation expense for its temporarily suspended plants calculated under Chile GAAP in comparison with such charge calculated on the asset value net of the higher impairment reverse booked under US GAAP.
At December 31, 2003, under Chilean GAAP the parent Company provided for the amount of the tax refund resulting from the carry back of the 2003 tax loss, given the fact that, at the original date of issue of the Chilean GAAP financial statements, the tax refund requested for the prior year had not been received, as it was under review by the Chilean Internal Revenue service and based also on the uncertainty of the recovery of that refund.
In June, 2004, the Chilean Internal Revenue Service authorized the partial refund of the request submitted for 2003 amounting to ThCh$1,519,394 and, as a result, for US GAAP purposes, there are events subsequent to the issuance of the Chilean GAAP financial statements which allow the reversal of the amount of the provision corresponding to the refund received. The remaining balance of the 2003 refund requested is subject to the review of the Chilean Internal Revenue Service, as is the refund requested for 2002, which at the date of issue of these financial statements has not yet been received and is fully reserved in both the Chilean GAAP financial statements and the US GAAP information herein. As a result of the foregoing, and given the uncertainty which could eventually affect the settlement of the tax refund, the Company has not reversed the balance of the provision against the tax refund amounting to the ThCh$1,301,820 related to the year which is reflected in the December 31, 2003 Chilean GAAP fina ncial statements.
The adjustments to reported net loss required to conform with US GAAP are as follows (all amounts are expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos of December 31, 2003 purchasing power):
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Net loss as shown in the Chilean GAAP financial statements | (52,049,831) | (40,567,527) | (16,734,324) | ||
Reversal of additional depreciation on revaluation | |||||
increment of fixed assets (par. 1b) | 131,550 | 114,370 | 114,368 | ||
Adjustment for deferred income tax provision (par. 1c) | (5,138,537) | 1,334,834 | (503,643) | ||
Reversal of amortization differences of goodwill (par. 1d) | (88,708) | 2,320,748 | 1,787,752 | ||
Adjustment to employee severance indemnities (par. 1f) | 505,237 | 1,091,881 | (1,039,863) | ||
Reversal of revenue recognition - net (par. 1g) | (17,517) | (649,936) | 729,993 | ||
Adjustment for restructuring costs and employee termination benefits (par. 1h) | 2,306,580 | (1,388,753) | (494,522) | ||
Adjustment for derivative instruments (par. 1j) | (575,045) | 416,168 | 159,596 | ||
Reversal of impairment loss (par. 1l) | - | (6,760,702) | 738,583 | ||
Allowance for recoverable taxes (par.1m) | - | - | 1,519,394 | ||
Impairment of goodwill Ficap (par.1d) | - | - | (5,938,000) | ||
Total | (54,926,271) | (44,088,917) | (19,660,666) | ||
Other comprehensive income | |||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax (par. i) | 13,754,133 | 11,781,283 | (30,379,930) | ||
Total comprehensive loss - total | (41,172,138) | (32,307,634) | (50,040,596) |
The adjustments required to conform net equity amounts to US GAAP are as follows (all amounts are expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos of December 31, 2003 purchasing power):
As of December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Net equity as shown in the Chilean GAAP financial statements | 128,153,521 | 100,223,942 | 147,569,019 | ||
Reversal of revaluation of property, plant and equipment (par. 1b) | (2,845,373) | (2,734,563) | (2,620,195) | ||
Adjustment for deferred income tax (par. 1c) | (6,188,921) | (4,861,830) | (5,365,473) | ||
Reversal of amortization differences of goodwill (par. 1d) | 470,524 | 2,791,860 | 4,579,612 | ||
Adjustment for employee severance indemnities (par. 1f) | (3,367,270) | (2,279,602) | (3,319,465) | ||
Adjustment for revenue recognition (par. 1g) | (79,957) | (729,993) | - | ||
Adjustment for restructuring costs and employee termination benefits (par. 1h) | 2,306,580 | 917,827 | 423,305 | ||
Adjustment for derivative instruments (par. 1j) | (575,045) | (159,596) | - | ||
Reversal of impairment loss (par. 1l) | - | (6,760,702) | (6,022,119) | ||
Allowance for recoverable taxes (par. 1m) | - | - | 1,519,394 | ||
Impairment of goodwill Ficap (par.1d) | - | - | (5,938,000) | ||
Net equity in accordance with US GAAP | 117,874,059 | 86,407,343 | 130,826,078 |
The movement in net equity accounts determined under US GAAP is summarized as follows (all amounts are expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos of December 31, 2003 purchasing power):
ThCh$ | |
Balance at January 1, 2001 | 158,906,909 |
Price - level restatement | 139,288 |
Net loss for the year | (54,926,271) |
Other comprehensive income for the year | 13,754,133 |
Balance at January 1, 2002 | 117,874,059 |
Price - level restatement | 144,600 |
Capital increase | 696,318 |
Net loss for the year | (44,088,917) |
Other comprehensive income for the year | 11,781,283 |
Balance at January 1, 2003 | 86,407,343 |
Price - level restatement | 227,977 |
Capital increase | 94,231,354 |
Net loss for the year | (19,660,666) |
Other comprehensive income for the year | (30,379,930) |
Balances at December 31, 2003 | 130,826,078 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income totaled ThCh$30,584,080, ThCh$42,365,363 and ThCh$11,985,433 for US GAAP purposes at December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively.
Stock option plan:
At the Extraordinary Meeting of Shareholders held on November 14, 2002 the shareholders approved the Madeco stock option plan, which was adopted by the Company's Board of Directors on January 28, 2003. The 2003 Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 493,334,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock upon the exercises of stock options.
On April 24, 2003, the Company granted stock options to certain employees in the total amount of 182,147,724 shares.
These options were granted at fair market value on the date of grant.
The options vest and are exercisable on September 30, 2004 assuming the employee continues service to that date.
The exercise period is September 30, 2004 to November 30, 2004 with an exercise price of 24 Chilean pesos per share.
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board Opinion No.25 when accounting for stock options, and no compensation cost is recognized for grants made to employees when the grant price is greater than or equal to the market price of a common share on the date of grant. Had the Company determined compensation cost based on the fair value at the grant date for its stock options under SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", as amended by SFAS No. 148, net loss would have been increased to the proforma amounts indicated below:
Proforma net loss for the year ended December 31, 2003 | |
ThCh$ | |
Net loss attributable to common shareholders, as reported | (19,660,666) |
Add: Stock based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss, net of tax related effects | - |
Deduct: total stock-based employee compensation expense determined undeer fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effect | (3,818,308) |
Proforma net loss | (23,478,974) |
Loss per share: | (6.88) |
As reported | (8.22) |
The per share weighted-average fair value of stock options granted during 2003 was ThCh$(25.26). Such amount was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: 2003 - expected dividend yield of 0%, risk-free rate of 18 months, volatility of 27.16%.
- Additional disclosure requirements
- Earnings (loss) per share
- Income taxes
- Fair value of financial instruments
- Classification of expenses
- Balance sheet reclassifications for US GAAP purposes
- Cash flows information
- Valuation and qualifying accounts
- Recent accounting pronouncements
The following disclosure of loss per share information is not generally required for presentation in financial statements under Chilean GAAP, but is required under US GAAP:
For the years ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
Ch$ | Ch$ | Ch$ | |||
Basic loss per share (U.S. GAAP) | (142.30) | (112.87) | (6.88) | ||
Basic loss per share (Chilean GAAP) | (134.84) | (103.86) | (5.86) | ||
Weighted average number of common stock | |||||
outstanding (in thousands) | 386,000 | 390,614 | 2,857,098 |
The loss per share data shown above is determined by dividing net loss for Chilean and US GAAP purposes by the weighted average number of common stock outstanding during each year.
The Company has common stock outstanding and stock options as disclosed in Note 36.n. The Company did not include the effect of these stock options in its earnings per share calculation as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The provision for income taxes charged to the results of operations determined in accordance with US GAAP is as follows:
2001 | |||||||||
Chile | Argentina | Peru | Brasil | Total | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Current income taxes as determined under chilean GAAP | (98,559) | 245,153 | 961,373 | 1,170,126 | 2,278,093 | ||||
Deferred income taxes as determined under Chilean GAAP | (726,780) | (760,351) | 44,959 | (401,247) | (1,843,419) | ||||
Subtotal | (825,339) | (515,198) | 1,006,332 | 768,879 | 434,674 | ||||
US GAAP adjustments: | |||||||||
Deferred tax effect applying SFAS No. 109 | (37,475) | 175,389 | - | - | 137,914 | ||||
Deferred tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments | 5,974,604 | (973,981) | - | - | 5,000,623 | ||||
Expense (benefit) for the year under US GAAP | 5,111,790 | (1,313,790) | 1,006,332 | 768,879 | 5,573,211 |
2002 | |||||||||
Chile | Argentina | Peru | Brasil | Total | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Current income taxes as determined under chilean GAAP | - | - | 829,494 | - | 829,494 | ||||
Deferred income taxes as determined under Chilean GAAP | (2,331,871) | (12,863) | 29,820 | 69,049 | (2,245,865) | ||||
Subtotal | (2,331,871) | (12,863) | 859,314 | 69,049 | (1,416,371) | ||||
US GAAP adjustments: | |||||||||
Deferred tax effect applying SFAS No. 109 | (293,457) | (2,366,243) | - | 198,230 | (2,461,473) | ||||
Deferred tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments | (1,009,881) | 1,996,973 | - | 139,547 | 1,126,639 | ||||
Expense (benefit) for the year under US GAAP | (3,635,209) | (382,133) | 859,314 | 406,826 | (2,751,205) |
2003 | |||||||||
Chile | Argentina | Peru | Brasil | Total | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Current income taxes as determined under chilean GAAP | 7,785 | - | 635,786 | - | 643,571 | ||||
Deferred income taxes as determined under Chilean GAAP | 454,316 | 200,202 | 31,059 | 263,264 | 948,841 | ||||
Subtotal | 462,101 | 200,202 | 666,845 | 263,264 | 1,592,412 | ||||
US GAAP adjustments: | |||||||||
Deferred tax effect applying SFAS No. 109 | 128,189 | (258,504) | - | (222,648) | (352,963) | ||||
Deferred tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments | (85,018) | 778,369 | - | 163,255 | 856,606 | ||||
Expense (benefit) for the year under US GAAP | 505,272 | 720,067 | 666,845 | 203,871 | 2,096,055 |
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) are summarized as follows:
As of December 31, | |||
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Accumulated depreciation | (4,610,708) | (4,378,371) | |
Manufacturing expenses | (472,048) | (481,023) | |
Leased assets | (2,323,963) | (2,273,045) | |
Others | (1,517,200) | (1,250,115) | |
Gross deferred tax liabilities | (8,923,919) | (8,382,554) | |
Accounts receivable | 1,051,139 | 799,357 | |
Inventories | 884,434 | 386,021 | |
Tax loss carryforwards | 12,040,385 | 18,319,842 | |
Others | 3,925,628 | 4,036,185 | |
Gross deferred tax assets | 17,901,586 | 23,541,405 | |
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance | |||
(for certain tax loss carryforwards) | (2,634,670) | (10,268,338) | |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | 6,342,997 | 4,890,513 |
The change in the tax effect of tax loss carryforwards for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 was as follows:
2002 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Balance at January 1 | 16,675,157 | 12,040,385 | |
Tax losses incurred | 8,283,535 | 12,669,280 | |
Tax losses used | (12,918,307) | (6,389,823) | |
Balance at December 31 | 12,040,385 | 18,319,842 |
The provision for income taxes (tax benefit) differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable Chilean statutory income tax rate to pretax loss as a result of the following differences:
For the years ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Pretax loss in accordance with US GAAP | (54,926,271) | (44,088,917) | (19,660,666) | ||
Statutory tax rate | 15% | 16% | 16.50% | ||
Statutory tax rate applied to pretax loss | (8,238,941) | (7,054,227) | (3,244,010) | ||
Price-level restatement not | |||||
accept for tax purposes | 82,070 | (2,731,183) | (591,746) | ||
Non-taxable income | 1,502,987 | 3,966 | (172,212) | ||
Non-deductible expenses | 4,656,811 | 4,061,007 | 3,111,208 | ||
Adjustments for aplication of BT 64 | 1,985,678 | 1,866,342 | (4,860,789) | ||
Other local taxes | (7,621) | (336,275) | (169,954) | ||
Foreign taxes in excess of domestic rate | 1,888,821 | 539,860 | 251,782 | ||
Valuation allowance | 3,134,046 | 1,178,350 | 7,790,225 | ||
Other local taxes | 569,360 | (279,045) | (18,449) | ||
At effective tax rate | 5,573,211 | (2,751,205) | 2,096,055 |
In accordance with Chilean law, the Company and each of its subsidiaries compute and pay tax on a separate return basis and not on a consolidated basis.
During 1992, there was a tax reform under Argentine law that established that all tax loss carryovers for fiscal years ending before March 31, 1991 could no longer be used to offset taxable income. However, the tax loss carryovers can be recognized through the issuance of Consolidation Bonds (BOCON) after obtaining approval from the Argentine authorities for the amounts of the loss carryovers available at that date, if and when the Company reports taxable income for following years. Otherwise, these bonds will not be issued. Based on subsequent results, the amounts of BOCONs to be recovered will not be significant and therefore the total amount that might be recovered has been offset by a valuation adjustment at December 31, 1999. At December 31, 2002, the valuation allowance on tax loss carryforwards in Argentina was reversed for the portion of tax loss carryforwards which had expired.
The principal Argentine subsidiaries also have incurred tax losses subsequent to March 31, 1991 which have a carryforward period of five years from the years they were incurred. In addition, these subsidiaries have not had taxable income in the past few years and it is not possible to estimate the date that they will generate taxable income. Accordingly, the deferred income tax assets for these tax loss carryforwards have been offset by a valuation allowance of ThCh$20,100,098 at December 31, 1999 which represent 100%. As of December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, the valuation allowance for these tax loss carryforwards was reversed as they had expired.
Certain of the Chilean subsidiaries also have loss carryforwards for tax purposes of ThCh$26,878,208, ThCh$23,737,501 and ThCh$17,455,530 at December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively, which have resulted in a deferred tax asset of ThCh$4,569,295, ThCh$4,035,375 and ThCh$2,880,162 at December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. These tax loss carryforwards have no expiration date. During 2001, 2002 and 2003, tax losses of ThCh$3,522,536, ThCh$7,034,156 and ThCh$4,031,020, respectively, were utilized by certain subsidiaries.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments at December 31, 2002 and 2003, for which it is practicable:
Cash- Cash is stated at the carrying amount, which is equivalent to fair value.
Marketable securities- The fair value of marketable securities is based on quoted market prices of the common stock held.
Investments in other companies- Fair value of common stock in other companies is based on quoted market prices.
Long-term accounts receivable- As substantially all of the Company's long-term accounts receivable bear interest rates at variable rates, it was assumed that the carrying value approximates fair value since they are priced at current market rates.
Short-term and long-term debt- Fair value of short-term and long-term debt was based on rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Other current liabilities - This category consists of current liabilities whose carrying value approximates their for value. The derivative contracts' fair value is based on market-prices at December 31, 2002, and 2003 respectively.
Other current assets - The fair value of these derivative contracts is based on market price at December 31, 2002.
The estimated fair value of the Company's financial instruments are compared to their respective carrying values under Chilean GAAP as follows:
As of December 31, | |||||||
2002 | 2003 | ||||||
Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | ||||
Amount | value | amount | value | ||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||||
Short-term assets: | |||||||
Cash | 3,695,724 | 3,695,724 | 2,037,981 | 2,037,981 | |||
Time deposits and marketable securities | 4,140,564 | 4,140,564 | 22,106,239 | 22,106,239 | |||
Other current assets | 2,320,217 | 2,320,217 | - | - | |||
Financial assets: | |||||||
Investments in other companies | 206,513 | 206,513 | 70,049 | 70,049 | |||
Long-term accounts receivable | 1,115,098 | 1,115,098 | 463,160 | 463,160 | |||
Short-term debt: | |||||||
Short-term bank borrowings | 79,799,984 | 80,659,014 | 16,228,812 | 17,368,772 | |||
Current portion of long-term liabilities | 59,241,959 | 59,673,511 | 5,307,755 | 5,385,465 | |||
Current portion of bonds payable | 5,542,453 | 5,531,014 | 26,908,042 | 26,908,042 | |||
Current portion of long-term liabilities | 49,674 | 49,674 | 685,190 | 685,190 | |||
Other current liabilities | 23,679 | 23,679 | 156,305 | 156,305 | |||
Long-term debt: | |||||||
Bonds payable | 64,153,043 | 64,022,439 | 30,597,509 | 30,536,897 | |||
Long-term bank borrowings | |||||||
and other debt | 9,156,890 | 8,970,141 | 67,483,297 | 63,221,444 | |||
Other long-term debt | 6,784,149 | 6,666,492 | 17,243,037 | 15,720,264 | |||
Derivative financial instruments | 2,343,419 | 2,343,419 | 150,049 | 150,049 |
Under Chilean GAAP, the following expenses and income are classified an non-operating expenses whereas under US GAAP they would be classified as operating expenses.
Charge/(credit) | |||||
For the years ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Gain of sale of fixed assets | - | (156,202) | (139,882) | ||
Amortization of goodwill | 2,702,070 | 2,325,937 | 1,843,722 | ||
Severance indemnities | 3,442,559 | 2,254,079 | - | ||
Provision and write-off of obsolete plant and equipment | 194,671 | 1,692,075 | 1,680,636 | ||
Legal and consulting fees | 244,434 | - | - | ||
Labor lawsuits | 3,958,395 | 326,330 | 45,993 | ||
Adjustment to realizable value of property, plant and equipment held for sale | 2,732,098 | 848,680 | 489,166 | ||
Allowance for uncollectible debts | 684,610 | - | - | ||
Loss on contracts | 905,233 | - | - | ||
Net loss on sale of property, plant and equipment | 7,062 | - | - | ||
Adjustment to subsidiaries' assets | 709,519 | - | - | ||
Allowance for uncollectible accounts - Argentina | - | 1,166,629 | - | ||
Depreciation of inactive assets (Argentina) | - | 3,284,965 | 1,984,140 | ||
Write-off tax incentives and other credits (Brazil) | - | 373,586 | - | ||
Legal expenses | - | 907,246 | 117,444 | ||
Allowance for Aluflex S.A. restructuring and other assets | 1,558,500 | - | - | ||
Allowance for valuation of property, plant and equipment (Argentina) | 11,533,985 | 4,741,181 | 491,593 | ||
Allowance for valuation of other assets (Argentina) | 1,412,382 | 3,622,231 | 329,601 | ||
Pending lawsuit | - | - | 335,960 | ||
Provision for subsidiary investment and expenses | - | - | 4,917,485 | ||
Allowance for valuation of assets in foreign subsidiaries (Ingewall and Uruguay) | 3,398,330 | 516,562 | 483,135 | ||
Other | 817,618 | 477,540 | 447,504 | ||
Total | 34,301,466 | 22,380,839 | 13,026,497 |
As a result of these reclassifications, operating loss under a U.S. GAAP presentation of the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 would be ThCh$23,219,460, ThCh$18,337,350 and ThCh$5,569,725, respectively.
At December 31, 2001 the Company was not in compliance with a covenant relating to the Madeco Bonds series B for UF 693,000 nominal value. Under US GAAP, companies with long-term obligations that do not comply with a covenant must reclassify the loans to a short-term liability if required by the loan agreement, unless they are able to replace it with long-term obligations prior to the issuance of their financial statements. Since the Company obtained waivers for non compliance before the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, for US GAAP purposes the bond issue would continue to be classified as a long-term liability at December 31, 2001.
At December 31, 2001, the Company was not in compliance with certain covenants relating to an affiliate of Bank Boston which had approximately a ThCh$7,609,562 outstanding balance.
Since the Company obtained waivers for non-compliance before the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, for each facility, for US GAAP purposes these facilities would continue to be classified as a long-term liability at December 31, 2001.
On December 29, 2003, the Company's subsidiary of its Aluminum Profiles unit signed a syndicated loan agreement with the following banks: Banco de Chile, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, Banco del Estado and Banco Security, for a total amount of Ch$8,200 million. The rescheduled loan has a maturity of 5 years with semi-annual payments.
For December 31, 2002 the Company obtained a waiver letter on its debt covenants. The Company restructured its debt as discussed in Note 34.
BALANCE SHEET RECLASSIFICATIONS
2002 | Under | Under | |||||
Chilean GAAP | Reclassifications | U.S. GAAP | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Current assets | 122,003,068 | (11,276,364) | 110,726,704 | ||||
Long-term assets | 56,685,707 | 10,673,541 | 67,359,248 | ||||
Current liabilities (*) | 181,233,381 | (51,657,165) | 129,576,116 | ||||
Long-term liabilities (*) | 86,957,366 | 52,259,988 | 139,217,354 |
Balance sheet reclassifications
2003 | Under | Under | |||||
Chilean GAAP | Reclassifications | U.S. GAAP | |||||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||||
Current assets | 145,272,037 | (6,622,949) | 138,649,088 | ||||
Long-term assets | 45,644,277 | 5,118,333 | 50,762,610 | ||||
Current liabilities (*) | 79,519,209 | (2,875,877) | 76,643,332 | ||||
Long-term liabilities (*) | 117,648,375 | 4,380,493 | 122,028,868 |
(*) Under US GAAP, certain current portions of long-term debt in the amount of approximately ThCh$3,200,000 and ThCh$51,700,000 would have been classified to long-term at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively, based on successful completions of financial restructurings.
Current assets - At December 31, 2002 and 2003 for USGAAP purposes the Fixed assets held for sale for ThCh$10,617,572 and 6,241,666, respectively, would have been classified to long term assets.
At December 31, 2002 and 2003 for USGAAP purposes the Bond discount for 658,792 and 381,283, respectively, would have been classified to current liabilities.
Current liabilities - At December 31, 2002 and 2003 for USGAAP purposes, certain current portions of long term debt in the amount of approximately ThCh$51,657,165 and ThCh$3,257,160, respectively would have been classified to long-term liabilities, based on the successful completion of a financial restructuring of 14 creditors debt in March of 2003 and syndicated loan agreement signed for the subsidiary Indalum S.A. executed on December 29, 2003.
The statement of cash flow under Chilean GAAP differs in certain respects from the presentation of a statements of cash flow under U.S. GAAP as follows:
Year ended December 31, | |||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |||
Cash provided by operating activities under Chilean GAAP | 6,428,076 | 12,524,333 | (5,683,322) | ||
Cash provided by operating activities under U.S. GAAP | 6,428,076 | 12,524,333 | (5,683,322) | ||
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities under Chilean GAAP | (5,503,436) | (3,207,690) | 33,378,214 | ||
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities under U.S. GAAP | (5,503,436) | (3,207,690) | 33,378,214 | ||
Cash used in investing activities under Chilean GAAP | (3,602,015) | (5,610,222) | (30,512,490) | ||
Purchase of investments | (421,380) | - | (314,022) | ||
Cash used in investing activities under U.S. GAAP | (4,023,395) | (5,610,222) | (30,826,512) |
The detail of cash and cash equivalents in U.S. GAAP is a follows:
As of December 31, | |||
2001 | 2003 | ||
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ||
Cash in banks | 2,801,671 | 2,037,981 | |
Time deposits | 1,402,214 | 3,069,090 | |
Total | 4,203,885 | 5,107,071 |
The Company held commercial paper in the amount of ThCh$9,103,363 as of December 31, 2003 which would be classified as restricted cash for US GAAP (not included in the table above or as cash or cash equivalents in the U.S. GAAP or Chile GAAP cash flow statement for the year ended December 31, 2003).
(Restated for general price - level changes)
Balance | Additions | |||
at | charged to | Balance | ||
beginning | costs and | at end of | ||
of period | expenses | Deductions (1) | period | |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | |
December 31, 2001 | ||||
Allowance for doubtful Accounts receivable | 11,215,061 | 4,667,686 | (5,198,068) | 10,684,679 |
Allowance for inventory | 3,200,533 | 5,415,639 | (5,423,696) | 3,192,476 |
December 31, 2002 | ||||
Allowance for doubtful Accounts receivable | 10,684,679 | 6,885,130 | (6,648,223) | 10,921,586 |
Allowance for inventory | 3,192,476 | 4,071,259 | (2,401,534) | 4,862,201 |
December 31, 2003 | ||||
Allowance for doubtful Accounts receivable | 10,921,586 | 4,359,794 | (5,034,170) | 10,247,210 |
Allowance for inventory | 4,862,201 | 683,836 | (1,615,441) | 3,930,596 |
(1) Represents write-offs of uncollectible accounts or obsolete inventory.
In April 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No.149, "Amendment of SFAS No.133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities". SFAS No.149, amends and clarifies accounting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities under SFAS No.133. SFAS No.149 is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, except for SFAS No.133 Implementation Issues that have been effective for fiscal quarters that began prior to June 15, 2003, which should continue to be applied in accordance with their respective effective dates. In addition, certain provisions relating to forward purchases or sales of issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist should be applied to existing contracts as well as new contracts entered into after June 30, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No.149 did not have a significant impact on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In June 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No.150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity". SFAS No.150 clarifies classification and measurement of certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. It requires classification of financial instruments within its scope as liabilities. Such financial instruments may include mandatory redeemable shares, financial instruments which embody an obligation to repurchase shares or require the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets, or financial instruments that embody an unconditional obligation, or, in certain circumstances, an unconditional obligation. SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No.150 will have a significant impact on the Compa ny's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In November 2002, the FASB published FIN 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others" FIN 45 expands on the accounting guidance of Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and incorporates without change the provisions of FIN 34: "Disclosure of Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others and Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 5" which has been superseded. FIN 45 elaborates on the existing disclosure requirements for most guarantees, including loan guarantees such as standby letters of credit. FIN 45 also clarifies that at the time a company issues a guarantee, the Company must recognize an initial liability for the fair value, or market value, of the obligations it assumes under that guarantee and must disclose that information in its interim and annual financial statements. The provisions of FIN 45 are required to be applied on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified by the Company on January 1, 2003 and after. The expanded disclosure requirements of FIN 45 were effective for the year ended December 31,2002. The adoption of FIN 45 did not have a significant impact on theCompany's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to Interpretation No.46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No.51" ("FIN 46R" or the "Interpretation"). FIN 46R clarifies the application of ARB No.51, "Consolidated Financial Statements", to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. FIN 46R requires the consolidation of these entities, known as variable interest entities ("VIEs"), by the primary beneficiary of the entity. The primary beneficiary is the entity, if any, that will absorb a majority of the entity's expected losses, receive a majority of the entity's expected residual returns, or both.
Among other changes, the revisions of FIN 46R (a) clarified some requirements of the original FIN 46, which had been issued in January 2003, (b) eased some implementation problems, and (c) added new scope exceptions. FIN 46R deferred the effective date of the interpretation for public companies, to the end of the first reporting period ending after March 15, 2004, except that all public companies must at a minimum apply the provisions of the Il"1terpretation to entities that were previously considered "special-purpose entities" under the FASB literature prior to the issuance of FIN 46R by the end of the first reporting period ending after December 15, 2003.
The Company is evaluating whether the adoption of FIN 46 will have a material impact on its financial position, cash flows or results of operations. The Company did not enter into any transactions under the scope of FIN 46R after January 31, 2003.
In December 2003, the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No.104, Revenue Recognition. SAB 104 updates portions of the interpretive guidance included in Topic 13 of the codification of Staff Accounting Bulletins in order to make this interpretive guidance consistent with current authoritative accounting and auditing guidance and SEC rules and regulations. The company believes it is following the guidance of SAB 104.
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