Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and include the accounts of Harbor Diversified, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the Company). Harbor Diversified, Inc. is a non-operating holding company is a non-operating entity with Description of Operations The Company has principal lines of business focused on (1) providing air transportation through Air Wisconsin (airline business), (2) acquiring flight equipment for the purpose of leasing the equipment to Air Wisconsin and (3) providing flight equipment financing to Air Wisconsin. The airline business is operated entirely through Air Wisconsin, which is an independent regional air carrier that is engaged in the business of providing scheduled passenger service under a capacity purchase agreement (the United capacity purchase agreement) with United Airlines, Inc. (United) that was entered into in February 2017 and amended in October 2020. For additional information, refer to Note 3, Capacity Purchase Agreement with United. Air Wisconsin operates as a United Express carrier with a significant presence at both Chicago O’Hare and Washington-Dulles, two of United’s key domestic hubs. Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing operating performance. In consideration of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 280, “ Segment Reporting As further discussed below, substantially all of our operating revenue in 2020 and 2019 was derived from operations associated with United. Contract and Other Revenues The Company recognizes revenue under the United capacity purchase agreement over time as services are provided. United pays the Company a fixed rate for each departure and block hour (measured from takeoff to landing, including taxi time), and a fixed amount per aircraft per day, with additional incentives primarily based on flight completion, on-time The United capacity purchase agreement includes weekly provisional cash payments based on a projected level of flying each month. The Company and United subsequently reconcile these payments to the actual completed flight activity on a monthly basis. Under the United capacity purchase agreement, the Company is eligible to receive incentive compensation upon the achievement of certain performance criteria (provided that, pursuant to the amendment to the United capacity purchase agreement, no incentive or penalty payments were made for the period from April 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020). The incentives are defined in the agreement and are determined and measured on a monthly basis. At the end of each month during the term of the agreement, the Company calculates the incentives achieved during that period and recognizes revenue accordingly, subject to the variable constraint guidance under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers As discussed above, under the United capacity purchase agreement, Air Wisconsin is paid a fixed amount per aircraft per day for each month during the term of the agreement. In accordance with GAAP, the Company recognizes revenue related to the fixed payments on a proportional basis taking into account the number of flights actually completed in that period relative to the number of flights expected to be completed in subsequent periods during the remaining term of the agreement. Due to the material decrease in completed flights for the year ended December 31, 2020 from historical levels and anticipated future levels in periods within the remaining contract term, Air Wisconsin determined that the amount of the fixed payments it received was disproportionately high relative to anticipated fixed revenue for future periods due to fewer flights completed in the year ended December 31, 2020. Air Wisconsin non-refundable The amount of revenue recognized for the year ended December 31, 2020 that was previously recorded as a contract liability is $7,116. In October 2020, Air Wisconsin entered into an amendment to the United capacity purchase agreement (CPA amendment), which, among other things, provided for the payment or accrual of certain amounts by United to Air Wisconsin based on certain scheduling benchmarks. In conjunction with the significant reduction in departures and block hours caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and as a result of the CPA amendment, management determined, using a significant amount of judgement, that from an accounting perspective, a new performance obligation was created by United requiring Air Wisconsin to stand ready to deliver flight services. Air Wisconsin determined, using the expected cost plus a margin method, that the United stand ready rate represents the relative stand-alone selling price of the performance obligation. The stand ready performance obligation will be recognized over time on a straight line basis based on the number of unscheduled block hours below a minimum threshold at the stand ready rate as determined by the CPA amendment. For the year ending December 31, 2020, Air Wisconsin recorded $21,392 in revenue related to this performance obligation. This amount was recorded in tong-term notes receivable on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. As part of the CPA amendment, Air Wisconsin also settled outstanding issues, including the opening and closing of maintenance bases. United agreed to accrue a liability to Air Wisconsin in the amount of $11,048 along with a cash settlement of $670. These amounts were recognized using a cumulative catchup adjustment based on prior and future expected departures. In total, Air Wisconsin recognized revenue of $7,307 and deferred the remaining portion which will be recognized in proportion to future departures. These accrued amounts contain a significant financing component and any interest income is separately reported in the statement of operations. Further, the accrued amounts are evidenced by notes receivable payable by United to Air Wisconsin. As of December 31, 2020, these notes totaled 2020, interest receivable on these notes totaled $309. United makes provisional cash payments to the Company during each month of service based on monthly flight schedules. These provisional cash payments are reconciled based on actual completed flights after each month’s flight activity is completed. As of December 31, 2020, United owed Air Wisconsin $1,180 which is recorded in “Accounts receivable less allowances” on the balance sheet. Other revenues are immaterial and primarily consist of the sales of parts to other airlines. The transaction price for the sale of these parts generally is fair market value. Cash and Cash Equivalents Investments and deposits with a maturity of three months or less when acquired and money market funds are considered cash and cash equivalents. Restricted Cash Restricted cash represents amounts escrowed in an interest-bearing account relating to the Company’s letters of credit. Spare Parts and Supplies Expendable parts are stated at average cost less an obsolescence allowance. The Company provides for an allowance for obsolescence after considering the useful life of the aircraft fleet, the estimated cost of expendable parts expected to be on hand at the end of the useful life and the estimated salvage value of the parts. This allowance is based on management estimates and is subject to change. Expendable parts are charged to expense when used. Expendable parts that are repairable are returned to inventory at the average cost of comparable parts, less a reserve for scrap. Supplies are stated at average cost. Property and Equipment and Depreciation Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over their useful lives to their estimated residual values using the straight-line method as follows: Assets Depreciable Life Current Residual Value Aircraft 7 years $ 50,000 Rotable parts 7 years 10 % Spare engines 7 years $ 25,000 Ground equipment up to 10 years 0 % Office equipment up to 10 years 0 % Leasehold improvements Shorter of asset or lease life 0 % Air Wisconsin’s capitalized engine maintenance costs are amortized over their estimated useful life measured in remaining engine cycles to the next scheduled shop event. Lotus’ engine maintenance costs are expensed. Depreciation expense in 2020 and 2019 was $25,719 and $23,578, respectively, and is included in depreciation, amortization, and obsolescence in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates long-lived assets for potential impairment and records impairment losses on long-lived assets when events and circumstances indicate the assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. Impairment losses are measured by comparing the fair value of the assets to their carrying amounts. In determining the need to record impairment charges, the Company is required to make certain estimates and assumptions regarding such things as the current fair market value of the assets and future net cash flows to be generated by the assets. If there are subsequent changes to these estimates or assumptions, or if actual results differ from these estimates or assumptions, such changes could impact the financial statements in the future. The Company conducted a qualitative impairment assessment of its long-lived assets and determined that no quantitative impairment tests were needed as of December 31, 2020. Impairment of Intangible Assets Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization but are subject to an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test. Since Air Wisconsin’s trade names and air carrier certificate have indefinite lives, there is no amortization. The Company evaluated these assets for impairment and determined that no impairment existed as of December 31, 2020 or 2019. Maintenance The Company operates its aircraft under a continuous inspection and maintenance program. The normal cost of recurring maintenance is expensed when incurred except for planned major maintenance activities for engines where the deferral method of accounting is applied. Income Taxes The Company utilizes the asset and liability method for accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as measured by the current applicable tax rates. Deferred tax expense represents the result of changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities. As required by the uncertain tax position guidance, the Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more-likely-than-not more-likely-than-not The Company is subject to federal, state and local income taxes in the United States and various states. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for the years prior to 2017. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state or local income tax examinations for the years prior to 2016. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had no outstanding tax examinations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense for all periods presented. The Company had accrued $99 and $121 for the payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Comprehensive Income The Company does not have any components of comprehensive income and, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, comprehensive income is equal to net income reported in the consolidated statements of operations. Concentration of Credit Risk The Company at times has had bank deposits in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limit. Concentration of Customer Risk Substantially all the Company’s revenues in the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were derived from the United capacity purchase agreement. Refer to Note 3 for additional information. Estimates and Assumptions The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, notes receivable, long-term investments, accounts payable, and long-term debt. The Company believes the carrying amounts of these financial instruments are a reasonable estimate of their fair value because of the short-term nature of such instruments, or, in the case of long-term debt, because of interest rates available to the Company for similar obligations. Long-term investments are held-to-maturity Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (that is, an exit price). ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes inputs used in fair value. The tiers are as follows: Level 1 - Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable. Level 3 - Unobservable inputs developed using the Company’s estimates and assumptions, which reflect those that market participants would use. The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates these determinations annually, and it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from year to year. However, the Company expects that changes in classifications between levels will be rare. The Company classifies money market funds and deposits as Level 1 and long-term investments as Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 is intended to improve financial reporting of leasing transactions by requiring organizations that lease assets to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases on the balance sheet. The accounting update also requires additional disclosures surrounding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company adopted Topic 842 effective January 1, 2019 and elected the package of transition practical expedients for expired or existing contracts, which does not require reassessment of: (1) whether any of the Company’s contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification, and (3) initial direct costs. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Targeted Improvements – Leases (Topic 842).” This update provides an optional approach that allows entities to elect to apply the standard using the modified retrospective approach at its effective date, versus recasting the prior years as presented. If this adoption method is elected, an entity would recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the year of adoption. The Company elected this adoption method, however, an adjustment was not necessary to opening retained earnings. Additionally, the Company’s adoption of Topic 842 did not have a significant impact on the recognition, measurement or presentation of lease revenue and lease expenses within the financial statements of operations and statement of cash flows. The Company’s prepaid aircraft rents and accrued aircraft rents that were separately stated in the Company’s December 31, 2018 balance sheet have been classified as a component of the Company’s right-of-use assets effective January 1, 2019. As a result of the adoption of the new lease accounting guidance, the Company recognized the following ROU assets and lease liabilities as of January 1, 2019: Right-of-use assets – operating leases $ 70,892 Lease liabilities – operating leases $ 40,921 In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. 2018-13 Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments 2016-13). 2016-13 2016-13 2016-13 In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt 470-20); Debt with Conversion and Other Options and Derivatives and Hedging 815-40); Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity 2020-06). 2020-06 2020-06 Reclassification In accordance with ASU 2016-18, |