Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2018 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Libbey Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively, Libbey or the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Item 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018 . The balance sheet at December 31, 2017 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The financial information included herein should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . |
Cost of Sales, Policy | Cost of Sales Cost of sales includes cost to manufacture and/or purchase products, warehouse, shipping and delivery costs and other costs. Shipping and delivery costs associated with outbound freight after control of a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of sales. In addition, reimbursement of certain pre-production costs is considered a development activity and is included in cost of sales. |
Reclassifications | Reclassifications In connection with our adoption of ASU 2017-07, certain pension and non-pension expense amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. See New Accounting Standards - Adopted below. |
New Accounting Standards | New Accounting Standards - Adopted Each change to U.S. GAAP is established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the form of an accounting standards update (ASU) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and either were determined to be not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts With Customers and all related amendments, also known as ASC Topic 606, using the modified retrospective method. There was no cumulative effect adjustment required of initially applying the new standard to existing contracts at adoption on January 1, 2018, and we expect the impact of adopting the new standard to be immaterial to our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations on an ongoing basis. Additionally, there was no impact to our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The enhanced disclosure requirements are included in note 11, Revenue . Results for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, are presented under ASC Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our previous accounting under ASC Topic 605. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost . ASU 2017-07 improves the presentation of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit costs. We retrospectively adopted the presentation that the service cost component of pension and post-retirement benefit costs be reported within income from operations. The other components of net benefit cost (interest costs, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service costs, settlement charges and other costs) have been reclassified from cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses to other income (expense). On a prospective basis, only the service cost component will be capitalized in inventory or property, plant and equipment, when applicable. On January 1, 2018, we early adopted ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities . ASU 2017-12 amended the hedge accounting rules to simplify the application of hedge accounting guidance and better portray the economic results of risk management activities in the financial statements. As of January 1, 2018, we recorded a $0.3 million reduction to our retained deficit and an increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to our natural gas swap contracts in Mexico that were previously not designated as hedging instruments. On a prospective basis, the change in fair value of these derivatives will be recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) rather than other income (expense) within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Results and disclosures for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, are presented under the new guidance within ASU 2017-12, while prior period amounts and disclosures are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our previous accounting. New Accounting Standards - Adopted Each change to U.S. GAAP is established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the form of an accounting standards update (ASU) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and either were determined to be not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts With Customers and all related amendments, also known as ASC Topic 606, using the modified retrospective method. There was no cumulative effect adjustment required of initially applying the new standard to existing contracts at adoption on January 1, 2018, and we expect the impact of adopting the new standard to be immaterial to our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations on an ongoing basis. Additionally, there was no impact to our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The enhanced disclosure requirements are included in note 11, Revenue . Results for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, are presented under ASC Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our previous accounting under ASC Topic 605. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost . ASU 2017-07 improves the presentation of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit costs. We retrospectively adopted the presentation that the service cost component of pension and post-retirement benefit costs be reported within income from operations. The other components of net benefit cost (interest costs, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service costs, settlement charges and other costs) have been reclassified from cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses to other income (expense). On a prospective basis, only the service cost component will be capitalized in inventory or property, plant and equipment, when applicable. The effect of the retrospective presentation change related to the net periodic pension and non-pension benefit costs (credits) on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations was as follows: Three months ended March 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Previously Reported Reclassification As Revised Cost of sales $ 143,356 $ (883 ) $ 142,473 Selling, general and administrative expenses 32,975 357 33,332 Other income (expense) (2,260 ) (526 ) (2,786 ) On January 1, 2018, we early adopted ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities . ASU 2017-12 amended the hedge accounting rules to simplify the application of hedge accounting guidance and better portray the economic results of risk management activities in the financial statements. As of January 1, 2018, we recorded a $0.3 million reduction to our retained deficit and an increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to our natural gas swap contracts in Mexico that were previously not designated as hedging instruments. On a prospective basis, the change in fair value of these derivatives will be recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) rather than other income (expense) within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Results and disclosures for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, are presented under the new guidance within ASU 2017-12, while prior period amounts and disclosures are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our previous accounting. See note 8, Derivatives , for further details and disclosures. New Accounting Standards - Not Yet Adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires a lessee to recognize on the balance sheet right-of-use assets and corresponding liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating leases, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new guidance also clarifies the definition of a lease and disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us in the first quarter of 2019. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees and lessors to apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach does not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. In the first quarter of 2018, the FASB stated they plan to provide an optional transition method permitting an entity to apply the transition provisions of ASU 2016-02 at its adoption date instead of at the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. This would ease the transition burden and allow us to record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019, without restatement of the previously reported comparative periods. Therefore, this is our preferred adoption method. We are currently evaluating the extent of the impact the new lease guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures, including the additional assets and liabilities that will be recognized on the balance sheet. To facilitate this, we are utilizing a comprehensive approach to review our lease portfolio, have selected a system for managing our leases, and are in the early stages of system implementation and updating of our controls. See note 15, Operating Leases, in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for our minimum lease commitments under non-cancellable operating leases. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . This standard introduces a new approach to estimating credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early application permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income . This standard allows an optional reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Consequently, the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will be eliminated, resulting in more useful information reported to financial statement users. ASU 2018-02 relates to only the reclassification of the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The underlying guidance requiring that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations is not affected. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early application permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Income Tax, Policy | For interim tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year-to-date ordinary income. Tax jurisdictions with a projected or year-to-date loss for which a tax benefit cannot be realized are excluded from the annualized effective tax rate. The tax effects of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are reported in the interim period in which they occur. |
Pension and Other Post-retirement Plans, Pensions, Policy | We have pension plans covering the majority of our employees. Benefits generally are based on compensation and service for salaried employees and job grade and length of service for hourly employees. In addition, we have an unfunded supplemental employee retirement plan (SERP) that covers certain salaried U.S.-based employees of Libbey hired before January 1, 2006. The U.S. pension plans cover the salaried U.S.-based employees of Libbey hired before January 1, 2006, and most hourly U.S.-based employees (excluding employees hired at Shreveport after December 15, 2008 and at Toledo after September 30, 2010). Effective January 1, 2013, we ceased annual company contribution credits to the cash balance accounts in our Libbey U.S. Salaried Pension Plan and SERP. The non-U.S. pension plans cover the employees of our wholly owned subsidiary in Mexico and are unfunded. |
Pension and Other Post-retirement Plans, Nonpension Benefits, Policy | We provide certain retiree healthcare and life insurance benefits covering our U.S. and Canadian salaried employees hired before January 1, 2004, and a majority of our union hourly employees (excluding employees hired at Shreveport after December 15, 2008, and at Toledo after September 30, 2010). Employees are generally eligible for benefits upon retirement and completion of a specified number of years of creditable service. Benefits for most hourly retirees are determined by collective bargaining. The U.S. non-pension, post-retirement plans cover the hourly and salaried U.S.-based employees of Libbey (excluding those mentioned above). The non-U.S., non-pension, post-retirement plans cover the retirees and active employees of Libbey who are located in Canada. The post-retirement benefit plans are unfunded. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy | When applicable, diluted shares outstanding include the dilutive impact of restricted stock units. Diluted shares also include the impact of eligible employee stock options, which are calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. |
Derivatives, Policy | Derivatives We utilize derivative financial instruments to hedge certain interest rate risks associated with our long-term debt and commodity price risks associated with forecasted future natural gas requirements. These derivatives, except for the natural gas contracts used in our Mexican manufacturing facilities prior to 2018, qualify for hedge accounting since the hedges are highly effective, and we have designated and documented contemporaneously the hedging relationships involving these derivative instruments. While we intend to continue to meet the conditions for hedge accounting, if hedges do not qualify as highly effective or if we do not believe that forecasted transactions would occur, the changes in the fair value of the derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in our earnings. Prior to January 1, 2018, our derivatives used to reduce economic volatility of natural gas prices in Mexico were not designated as cash flow hedges. All mark-to-market changes on these derivatives were reflected in other income (expense). On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2017-12 for hedge accounting. Under this new guidance, we are now applying contractually specified component hedging to all of our natural gas hedges. This has allowed us to record changes in fair value for outstanding natural gas derivatives to other comprehensive income (loss) beginning January 1, 2018. |
Segment Reporting, Policy | Segments Our reporting segments align with our regionally focused organizational structure, which we believe enables us to better serve customers across the globe. Under this structure, we report financial results for U.S. and Canada; Latin America; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA); and Other. Segment results are based primarily on the geographical destination of the sale. Our three reportable segments are defined below. Our operating segment that does not meet the criteria to be a reportable segment is disclosed as Other. U.S. & Canada—includes sales of manufactured and sourced tableware having an end-market destination in the U.S and Canada, excluding glass products for Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), which remain in the Latin America segment. Latin America—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Latin America, as well as glass products for OEMs regardless of end–market destination. EMEA—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Other—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Asia Pacific. Our measure of profit for our reportable segments is Segment Earnings before Interest and Taxes (Segment EBIT) and excludes amounts related to certain items we consider not representative of ongoing operations as well as certain retained corporate costs and other allocations that are not considered by management when evaluating performance. Segment EBIT also includes an allocation of manufacturing costs for inventory produced at a Libbey facility that is located in a region other than the end market in which the inventory is sold. This allocation can fluctuate from year to year based on the relative demands for products produced in regions other than the end markets in which they are sold. We use Segment EBIT, along with net sales and selected cash flow information, to evaluate performance and to allocate resources. Segment EBIT for reportable segments includes an allocation of some corporate expenses based on the costs of services performed. Certain activities not related to any particular reportable segment are reported within retained corporate costs. These costs include certain headquarter, administrative and facility costs, and other costs that are global in nature and are not allocable to the reporting segments. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in note 2 . We do not have any customers who represent 10 percent or more of total sales. Inter-segment sales are consummated at arm’s length and are reflected at end-market reporting below. |
Revenue, Policy | Our primary source of revenue is the sale of glassware products manufactured within a Libbey facility, as well as globally sourced tabletop products including glassware, ceramicware, metalware and others. Our customer contracts generally include a single performance obligation, the shipment of specified products, and are recognized at a point in time when control of the product has transferred to the customer, which primarily takes place when risk of loss transfers in accordance with applicable shipping terms. Revenue is recognized based on the consideration specified in a contract with the customer, and is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. When applicable, the transaction price includes estimates of variable consideration to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue recognized will not occur. We estimate provisions for rebates, customer incentives, allowances, returns and discounts based on the terms of the contracts, historical experience and anticipated customer purchases during the rebate period. We continually evaluate the adequacy of these methods used, adjusting our estimates when the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled changes. Refund liabilities are included in accrued liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Our payment terms are based on customary business practices and can vary by region and customer type, but are generally 0 - 90 days. Since the term between invoicing and expected payment is less than a year, we do not adjust the transaction price for the effects of a financing component. Taxes collected from customers are excluded from revenues and credited directly to obligations to the appropriate governmental agencies. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy | The fair values of our commodity futures natural gas contracts are determined using observable market inputs. The fair value of our interest rate swap is based on the market standard methodology of netting the discounted expected future variable cash receipts and the discounted future fixed cash payments. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observed market interest rate forward curves. Since these inputs are observable in active markets over the terms that the instruments are held, the derivatives are classified as Level 2 in the hierarchy. We also evaluate Company and counterparty risk in determining fair values. The commodity futures natural gas contracts and interest rate swap are hedges of either recorded assets or liabilities or anticipated transactions. |