LOANS AND LEASES, NET | LOANS AND LEASES, NET Loans and leases consist of the following: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2021 September 30, 2021 Term lending $ 1,038,378 $ 961,019 Asset based lending 337,236 300,225 Factoring 402,972 363,670 Lease financing 245,315 266,050 Insurance premium finance 385,473 428,867 SBA/USDA 209,521 247,756 Other commercial finance 178,853 157,908 Commercial finance 2,797,748 2,725,495 Consumer credit products 173,343 129,251 Other consumer finance 144,412 123,606 Consumer finance 317,755 252,857 Tax services 100,272 10,405 Warehouse finance 466,831 419,926 Community banking — 199,132 Total loans and leases 3,682,606 3,607,815 Net deferred loan origination costs 1,655 1,748 Total gross loans and leases 3,684,261 3,609,563 Allowance for credit losses (67,623) (68,281) Total loans and leases, net $ 3,616,638 $ 3,541,282 During the three months ended December 31, 2021, the Company transferred $168.4 million of Community Banking loans to held for sale. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company transferred $100.4 million of Community Banking loans to held for sale. During the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company originated $385.6 million and $303.5 million of SBA/USDA, consumer credit product loans, and other consumer finance as held for sale, respectively. The Company sold held for sale loans resulting in proceeds of $562.7 million and loss on sale of $4.4 million during the three months ended December 31, 2021. The Company sold held for sale loans resulting in proceeds of $451.7 million and gains on sale of $3.5 million during the three months ended December 31, 2020. In connection with the Company's sale of the Bank's Community Bank division to Central Bank, the Company entered into a servicing agreement with Central Bank for the retained Community Bank loan portfolio that became effective on February 29, 2020 (the "Closing Date"). The Company recognized $0.2 million and $1.1 million in servicing fee expense during the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $3.3 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021. Since the Closing Date, the Company has entered into subsequent loan portfolio sale agreements with Central Bank and other third parties. The Company sold additional loans from the retained Community Bank portfolio in the amount of $192.5 million and $129.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $308.1 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021. All loans from the retained Community Bank portfolio have been sold as of December 31, 2021. Loans purchased and sold by portfolio segment, including participation interests, were as follows: Three Months Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 Loans Purchased Loans held for investment: Commercial finance $ 1,720 $ — Warehouse finance 55,993 62,631 Community banking — 2,299 Total purchases $ 57,713 $ 64,930 Loans Sold Loans held for sale: Commercial finance $ 33,023 $ 30,324 Consumer finance 376,444 291,540 Community banking 153,222 129,788 Loans held for investment: Community banking 30,235 — Total sales $ 592,924 $ 451,652 Leasing Portfolio. The net investment in direct financing and sales-type leases was comprised of the following: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2021 September 30, 2021 Carrying amount $ 255,907 $ 278,341 Unguaranteed residual assets 13,329 14,393 Unamortized initial direct costs 435 490 Unearned income (23,921) (26,684) Total net investment in direct financing and sales-type leases $ 245,750 $ 266,540 The carrying amount of direct financing and sales-type leases subject to residual value guarantees was $4.0 million at December 31, 2021. The components of total lease income were as follows: Three Months Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 Interest income - loans and leases Interest income on net investments in direct financing and sales-type leases $ 4,573 $ 5,319 Leasing and equipment finance noninterest income Lease income from operating lease payments 11,086 10,041 Profit recorded on commencement date on sales-type leases — 71 Other (1) 1,325 69 Total leasing and equipment finance noninterest income 12,411 10,181 Total lease income $ 16,984 $ 15,500 (1) Other leasing and equipment finance noninterest income consists of gains (losses) on sales of leased equipment, fees and service charges on leases and gains (losses) on sales of leases. Undiscounted future minimum lease payments receivable for direct financing and sales-type leases, and a reconciliation to the carrying amount recorded at December 31, 2021 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Remaining in 2022 $ 78,421 2023 86,354 2024 54,978 2025 26,113 2026 7,124 Thereafter 2,918 Total undiscounted future minimum lease payments receivable for direct financing and sales-type leases 255,908 Total carrying amount of direct financing and sales-type leases $ 255,908 The Company did not record any contingent rental income from direct financing and sales-type leases in the three months ended December 31, 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic began impacting the U.S. and global economies in the first calendar quarter of 2020, with significant deterioration of macroeconomic conditions and markets into 2021. Although macroeconomic conditions and markets have improved since the beginning of 2021, the ultimate impact of this pandemic on the Company's loan and lease portfolio remains difficult to predict. Management continues to evaluate the loan and lease portfolio in order to assess the impact on repayment sources and underlying collateral that could result in additional losses and the impact to our customers and businesses as a result of COVID-19 and will refine its estimate as more information becomes available. Activity in the allowance for credit losses and balances of loans and leases by portfolio segment was as follows: Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Provision (Reversal) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance Allowance for credit losses: Term lending $ 29,351 $ (858) $ (2,085) $ 314 $ 26,722 Asset based lending 1,726 911 (16) 137 2,758 Factoring 3,997 12,502 (1,275) 18 15,242 Lease financing 7,629 (822) (16) 66 6,857 Insurance premium finance 1,394 (270) (177) 97 1,044 SBA/USDA 2,978 233 (217) 2 2,996 Other commercial finance 1,168 181 — — 1,349 Commercial finance 48,243 11,877 (3,786) 634 56,968 Consumer credit products 1,242 385 — — 1,627 Other consumer finance 6,112 1,560 (819) 107 6,960 Consumer finance 7,354 1,945 (819) 107 8,587 Tax services 2 (714) (254) 2,567 1,601 Warehouse finance 420 47 — — 467 Community banking 12,262 (12,684) — 422 — Total loans and leases 68,281 471 (4,859) 3,730 67,623 Unfunded commitments (1) 690 (285) — — 405 Total $ 68,971 $ 186 $ (4,859) $ 3,730 $ 68,028 (1) Reserve for unfunded commitments is recognized within other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Three Months Ended December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Impact of CECL Adoption Provision (Reversal) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance Allowance for credit losses: Term lending $ 15,211 $ 9,999 $ 6,026 $ (3,312) $ 296 $ 28,220 Asset based lending 1,406 164 839 (600) — 1,809 Factoring 3,027 987 (1,416) (1) 1,122 3,719 Lease financing 7,023 (556) 1,112 (876) 81 6,784 Insurance premium finance 2,129 (965) 488 (656) 289 1,285 SBA/USDA 940 2,720 (497) — 1 3,164 Other commercial finance 182 364 (67) — — 479 Commercial finance 29,918 12,713 6,485 (5,445) 1,789 45,460 Consumer credit products 845 — (10) — — 835 Other consumer finance 2,821 5,998 1,482 (218) 93 10,176 Consumer finance 3,666 5,998 1,472 (218) 93 11,011 Tax services 2 — 454 — 956 1,412 Warehouse finance 294 (1) 26 — — 319 Community banking 22,308 (5,937) (2,173) (11) — 14,187 Total loans and leases 56,188 12,773 6,264 (5,674) 2,838 72,389 Unfunded commitments (1) 32 831 (175) — — 688 Total $ 56,220 $ 13,604 $ 6,089 $ (5,674) $ 2,838 $ 73,077 (1) Reserve for unfunded commitments is recognized within other liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Information on loans and leases that are deemed to be collateral dependent and are evaluated individually for the ACL was as follows: (Dollars in thousands) At December 31, 2021 At September 30, 2021 Term lending $ 68,838 $ 20,965 Asset based lending 5,992 — Factoring 16,503 1,268 Lease financing 13,254 3,882 SBA/USDA 797 — Commercial finance (1) 105,384 26,115 Community banking — 14,915 Total $ 105,384 $ 41,030 (1) For commercial finance, collateral dependent financial assets have collateral in the form of cash, equipment, or other business assets. In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the Company allowed modifications, such as payment deferrals and temporary forbearances, to credit-worthy borrowers who are experiencing temporary hardship due to the effects of COVID-19. Accordingly, if all payments were less than 30 days past due prior to the onset of the pandemic effects, the loan or lease will not be reported as past due during the deferral or forbearance period. As of December 31, 2021, $0.4 million of loan and lease balances that were granted deferral payments by the Company were still in their deferment period. These modifications consisted solely of payment deferrals ranging from 30 days to six months. These modifications are in line with applicable regulatory guidelines and, therefore, they are not reported as troubled debt restructurings. Other than the loan modifications that are on nonaccrual status, the Company is accruing and recognizing interest income on these modifications during the payment deferral period. Federal regulations provide for the classification of loans and other assets such as debt and equity securities considered by the Bank's primary regulator, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”), to be of lesser quality as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss.” The loan classification and risk rating definitions are as follows: Pass - A pass asset is of sufficient quality in terms of repayment, collateral and management to preclude a special mention or an adverse rating. Watch - A watch asset is generally a credit performing well under current terms and conditions but with identifiable weakness meriting additional scrutiny and corrective measures. Watch is not a regulatory classification but can be used to designate assets that are exhibiting one or more weaknesses that deserve management’s attention. These assets are of better quality than special mention assets. Special Mention - A special mention asset is a credit with potential weaknesses deserving management’s close attention and, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Special mention is a temporary status with aggressive credit management required to garner adequate progress and move to watch or higher. The adverse classifications are as follows: Substandard - A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the net worth and/or repayment ability or by a weak collateral position. Assets so classified will have well-defined weaknesses creating a distinct possibility the Bank will sustain some loss if the weaknesses are not corrected. Loss potential does not have to exist for an asset to be classified as substandard. Doubtful - A doubtful asset has weaknesses similar to those classified substandard, with the degree of weakness causing the likely loss of some principal in any reasonable collection effort. Due to pending factors, the asset’s classification as loss is not yet appropriate. Loss - A loss asset is considered uncollectible and of such little value that the asset’s continuance on the Bank’s balance sheet is no longer warranted. This classification does not necessarily mean an asset has no recovery or salvage value, leaving room for future collection efforts. Loans and leases, or portions thereof, are generally charged off when collection of principal becomes doubtful. Typically, this is associated with a delay or shortfall in payments of 210 days or more for commercial insurance premium finance, 180 days or more for the purchased student loan portfolios, 120 days or more for consumer credit products and leases, and 90 days or more for community banking loans and commercial finance loans. Action is taken to charge off ERO loans if such loans have not been collected by the end of June and taxpayer advance loans if such loans have not been collected by the end of the calendar year. Nonaccrual loans and troubled debt restructurings are generally individually evaluated for expected credit losses. The Company recognizes that concentrations of credit may naturally occur and may take the form of a large volume of related loans and leases to an individual, a specific industry, or a geographic location. Credit concentration is a direct, indirect, or contingent obligation that has a common bond where the aggregate exposure equals or exceeds a certain percentage of the Company’s Tier 1 Capital plus the allowable Allowance for Credit Losses. The Company has various portfolios of consumer finance and tax services loans that present unique risks that are statistically managed. Due to the unique risks associated with these portfolios, the Company monitors other credit quality indicators in their evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses on these portfolios, and as such, these loans are not included in the asset classification table below. The outstanding balances of consumer finance loans and tax services loans were $317.8 million and $100.3 million at December 31, 2021, respectively, and $252.9 million and $10.4 million at September 30, 2021, respectively. The amortized cost basis of loans and leases by asset classification and year of origination was as follows: Amortized Cost Basis (Dollars in thousands) Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year Revolving Loans and Leases Total At December 31, 2021 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Term lending Pass $ 145,763 $ 337,426 $ 175,447 $ 54,833 $ 37,328 $ 12,940 $ — $ 763,737 Watch 9,627 53,179 70,323 27,372 7,346 2,979 — 170,826 Special Mention 194 888 21,679 4,409 697 3,127 — 30,994 Substandard 5,040 16,035 18,469 23,418 3,582 3,922 — 70,466 Doubtful — 140 780 1,361 74 — — 2,355 Total 160,624 407,668 286,698 111,393 49,027 22,968 — 1,038,378 Asset based lending Pass — — — — — — 235,577 235,577 Watch — — — — — — 30,560 30,560 Special Mention — — — — — — 53,240 53,240 Substandard — — — — — — 17,859 17,859 Total — — — — — — 337,236 337,236 Factoring Pass — — — — — — 299,672 299,672 Watch — — — — — — 37,974 37,974 Special Mention — — — — — — 30,587 30,587 Substandard — — — — — — 19,425 19,425 Doubtful — — — — — — 15,314 15,314 Total — — — — — — 402,972 402,972 Lease financing Pass 5,592 47,808 61,345 13,162 6,148 365 — 134,420 Watch 1,122 21,300 18,565 6,966 2,693 2,095 — 52,741 Special Mention 765 17,737 14,560 3,768 1,263 55 — 38,148 Substandard — 600 11,208 5,302 786 21 — 17,917 Doubtful — — — 2,089 — — — 2,089 Total 7,479 87,445 105,678 31,287 10,890 2,536 — 245,315 Insurance premium finance Pass 169,134 215,844 46 3 — — — 385,027 Watch — 183 — — — — — 183 Special Mention — 66 — — — — — 66 Substandard — 78 20 — — — — 98 Doubtful — 95 4 — — — — 99 Total 169,134 216,266 70 3 — — — 385,473 SBA/USDA Pass 2,851 77,090 25,399 13,028 12,525 9,859 — 140,752 Watch — — 19,705 1,963 — 1,350 — 23,018 Special Mention — — 696 1,147 4,971 1,005 — 7,819 Substandard — — 17,732 9,502 8,177 2,455 — 37,866 Doubtful — — — — — 66 — 66 Total 2,851 77,090 63,532 25,640 25,673 14,735 — 209,521 Other commercial finance Pass 20,130 28,666 764 5,885 2,428 67,777 — 125,650 Watch — 20,000 16,807 3,322 — — — 40,129 Special Mention — — — — 447 — — 447 Substandard — 10,255 — — 270 2,102 — 12,627 Total 20,130 58,921 17,571 9,207 3,145 69,879 — 178,853 Warehouse finance Pass — — — — — — 466,831 466,831 Total — — — — — — 466,831 466,831 Total loans and leases Pass 343,470 706,834 263,000 86,911 58,428 90,942 1,002,081 2,551,666 Watch 10,750 94,662 125,398 39,623 10,039 6,426 68,533 355,431 Special Mention 959 18,690 36,935 9,324 7,380 4,186 83,827 161,301 Substandard 5,040 26,967 47,433 38,221 12,814 8,499 37,284 176,258 Doubtful — 235 784 3,450 73 66 15,315 19,923 Total $ 360,219 $ 847,388 $ 473,550 $ 177,529 $ 88,734 $ 110,119 $ 1,207,040 $ 3,264,579 Amortized Cost Basis (Dollars in thousands) Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year Revolving Loans and Leases Total At September 30, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Term lending Pass $ 362,443 $ 192,305 $ 63,708 $ 34,381 $ 3,195 $ 1,236 $ — $ 657,268 Watch 63,046 71,701 32,941 21,419 76 3,628 — 192,811 Special Mention 6,422 26,673 4,821 932 70 633 — 39,551 Substandard 18,569 16,810 26,920 3,529 928 641 — 67,397 Doubtful 252 1,673 1,756 311 — — — 3,992 Total 450,732 309,162 130,146 60,572 4,269 6,138 — 961,019 Asset based lending Pass — — — — — — 185,432 185,432 Watch — — — — — — 52,072 52,072 Special Mention — — — — — — 43,135 43,135 Substandard — — — — — — 19,586 19,586 Total — — — — — — 300,225 300,225 Factoring Pass — — — — — — 294,124 294,124 Watch — — — — — — 17,984 17,984 Special Mention — — — — — — 33,035 33,035 Substandard — — — — — — 18,527 18,527 Total — — — — — — 363,670 363,670 Lease financing Pass 54,434 73,629 17,153 7,511 1,857 203 — 154,787 Watch 22,061 20,455 9,274 2,739 1,454 — — 55,983 Special Mention 15,402 20,595 4,148 1,546 61 — — 41,752 Substandard 479 4,765 4,981 831 25 — — 11,081 Doubtful — 6 2,402 38 1 — — 2,447 Total 92,376 119,450 37,958 12,665 3,398 203 — 266,050 Insurance premium finance Pass 428,131 144 9 — — — — 428,284 Watch 262 5 — — — — — 267 Special Mention 58 5 — — — — — 63 Substandard 68 107 — — — — — 175 Doubtful 58 20 — — — — — 78 Total 428,577 281 9 — — — — 428,867 SBA/USDA Pass 110,122 37,006 14,461 12,760 6,525 3,779 — 184,653 Watch — 20,431 1,996 1,670 1,394 298 — 25,789 Special Mention — 8,333 214 3,348 177 919 — 12,991 Substandard — 3,812 9,550 8,079 2,169 713 — 24,323 Total 110,122 69,582 26,221 25,857 10,265 5,709 — 247,756 Other commercial finance Pass 56,957 642 5,786 6,075 3,345 60,965 — 133,770 Watch — 17,404 3,409 451 — — — 21,264 Substandard 466 — — 273 837 1,299 — 2,875 Total 57,423 18,046 9,195 6,799 4,182 62,264 — 157,909 Warehouse finance Pass — — — — — — 419,926 419,926 Total — — — — — — 419,926 419,926 Community banking Pass — — 4,159 — 5,683 472 — 10,314 Watch — 10,134 — 10,854 6,133 — — 27,121 Special Mention — — 35,916 — — — — 35,916 Substandard — 119 49,449 50,626 13,933 6,110 — 120,237 Doubtful — 122 — 5,422 — — — 5,544 Total — 10,375 89,524 66,902 25,749 6,582 — 199,132 Total loans and leases Pass 1,012,088 303,727 105,274 60,727 20,605 66,655 899,481 2,468,557 Watch 85,369 140,131 47,620 37,132 9,057 3,926 70,056 393,291 Special Mention 21,882 55,606 45,099 5,826 307 1,552 76,171 206,443 Substandard 19,584 25,613 90,900 63,338 17,891 8,762 38,113 264,201 Doubtful 310 1,822 4,158 5,770 1 — — 12,061 Total $ 1,139,233 $ 526,899 $ 293,051 $ 172,793 $ 47,861 $ 80,895 $ 1,083,821 $ 3,344,553 |