Loans | Note 5. Loans The following table sets forth the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated: September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount Percent of Amount Percent of (dollars in thousands) Loans Held for Investment: Mortgage Loans: Multi-family $ 29,546,399 74.22% $ 28,074,709 73.19% Commercial real estate 7,033,629 17.67 7,322,226 19.09 One-to-four 456,317 1.15 477,228 1.24 Acquisition, development, and construction 433,976 1.09 435,825 1.14 Total mortgage loans held for investment 37,470,321 94.13 $ 36,309,988 94.66 Other Loans: Commercial and industrial 1,622,983 4.08 1,377,964 3.59 Lease financing, net of unearned income of $55,056 and $65,041, respectively 703,696 1.77 662,610 1.73 Total commercial and industrial loans (1) 2,326,679 5.85 2,040,574 5.32 Other 9,031 0.02 8,460 0.02 Total other loans held for investment 2,335,710 5.87 2,049,034 5.34 Total loans held for investment $ 39,806,031 100.00% $ 38,359,022 100.00% Net deferred loan origination costs 32,240 28,949 Allowance for losses on non-covered (159,655 ) (158,046 ) Loans held for investment, net $ 39,678,616 $ 38,229,925 Loans held for sale -- 35,258 Total loans, net $ 39,678,616 $ 38,265,183 (1) Includes specialty finance loans and leases of $1.8 billion at September 30, 2018 and $1.5 billion at December 31, 2017, and other C&I loans of $482.4 million and $500.8 million, respectively, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Loans Loans Held for Investment The majority of the loans the Company originates for investment are multi-family loans, most of which are collateralized by non-luxury mixed-use To a lesser extent, the Company also originates ADC loans for investment. One-to-four ADC loans are primarily originated for multi-family and residential tract projects in New York City and on Long Island. C&I loans consist of asset-based loans, equipment loans and leases, and dealer floor-plan loans (together, specialty finance loans and leases) that generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide; and other C&I loans that primarily are made to small and mid-size The repayment of multi-family and CRE loans generally depends on the income produced by the underlying properties which, in turn, depends on their successful operation and management. To mitigate the potential for credit losses, the Company underwrites its loans in accordance with credit standards it considers to be prudent, looking first at the consistency of the cash flows being produced by the underlying property. In addition, multi-family buildings, CRE properties, and ADC projects are inspected as a prerequisite to approval, and independent appraisers, whose appraisals are carefully reviewed by the Company’s in-house To further manage its credit risk, the Company’s lending policies limit the amount of credit granted to any one borrower and typically require conservative debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ADC loans typically involve a higher degree of credit risk than loans secured by improved or owner-occupied real estate. Accordingly, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion, and loan proceeds are disbursed as construction progresses, as certified by in-house To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, the Company participates in syndicated loans that are brought to it, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to it, by a select group of nationally recognized sources who have had long-term relationships with its experienced lending officers. Each of these credits is secured with a perfected first security interest or outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable re-underwritten. To minimize the risks involved in other C&I lending, the Company underwrites such loans on the basis of the cash flows produced by the business; requires that such loans be collateralized by various business assets, including inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable, among others; and typically requires personal guarantees. However, the capacity of a borrower to repay such a C&I loan is substantially dependent on the degree to which the business is successful. In addition, the collateral underlying such loans may depreciate over time, may not be conducive to appraisal, or may fluctuate in value, based upon the results of operations of the business. Included in loans held for investment at September 30, 2018 were loans of $55.3 million to officers, directors, and their related interests and parties. There were no loans to principal shareholders at that date. Loans Held for Sale At September 30, 2018 the Company had no loans held for sale as compared to $35.3 million at December 31, 2017. At December 31, 2017, all loans held for sale were one-to-four Asset Quality The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s loans held for investment at September 30, 2018: (in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Non- Loans Total Current Total Loans Multi-family $ 288 $ 5,236 $ -- $ 5,524 $ 29,540,875 $ 29,546,399 Commercial real estate 567 4,547 -- 5,114 7,028,515 7,033,629 One-to-four 1,967 1,665 -- 3,632 452,685 456,317 Acquisition, development, and construction -- -- -- -- 433,976 433,976 Commercial and industrial (1) (2) 534 42,611 -- 43,145 2,283,534 2,326,679 Other 297 13 -- 310 8,721 9,031 Total $ 3,653 $ 54,072 $ -- $ 57,725 $ 39,748,306 $ 39,806,031 (1) Includes $534,000 and $41.3 million of taxi medallion-related loans that were 30 to 89 days past due and 90 days or more past due, respectively. (2) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current. The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s loans held for investment at December 31, 2017: (in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Non- Loans Total Current Total Loans Multi-family $ 1,258 $ 11,078 $ -- $ 12,336 $ 28,062,373 $ 28,074,709 Commercial real estate 13,227 6,659 -- 19,886 7,302,340 7,322,226 One-to-four 585 1,966 -- 2,551 474,677 477,228 Acquisition, development, and construction -- 6,200 -- 6,200 429,625 435,825 Commercial and industrial (1) (2) 2,711 47,768 -- 50,479 1,990,095 2,040,574 Other 8 11 -- 19 8,441 8,460 Total $ 17,789 $ 73,682 $ -- $ 91,471 $ 38,267,551 $ 38,359,022 (1) Includes $2.7 million and $46.7 million of taxi medallion-related loans that were 30 to 89 days past due and 90 days or more past due, respectively. (2) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current. The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator at September 30, 2018: Mortgage Loans Other Loans (in thousands) Multi- Commercial One-to- Four Acquisition, Total Commercial (1) Other Total Other Credit Quality Indicator: Pass $ 29,176,497 $ 6,934,670 $ 451,012 $ 343,134 $ 36,905,313 $ 2,224,744 $ 9,018 $ 2,233,762 Special mention 289,820 93,168 2,723 81,290 467,001 33,202 -- 33,202 Substandard 80,082 5,791 2,582 9,552 98,007 68,733 13 68,746 Doubtful -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total $ 29,546,399 $ 7,033,629 $ 456,317 $ 433,976 $ 37,470,321 $ 2,326,679 $ 9,031 $ 2,335,710 (1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as Pass. The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2017: Mortgage Loans Other Loans (in thousands) Multi- Commercial One-to- Four Acquisition, Total Commercial (1) Other Total Other Credit Quality Indicator: Pass $ 27,874,330 $ 7,255,100 $ 471,571 $ 344,040 $ 35,945,041 $ 1,925,527 $ 8,449 $ 1,933,976 Special mention 125,752 47,123 3,691 76,033 252,599 20,883 -- 20,883 Substandard 74,627 20,003 1,966 15,752 112,348 94,164 11 94,175 Doubtful -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total $ 28,074,709 $ 7,322,226 $ 477,228 $ 435,825 $ 36,309,988 $ 2,040,574 $ 8,460 $ 2,049,034 (1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as Pass. The preceding classifications are the most current ones available and generally have been updated within the last twelve months. In addition, they follow regulatory guidelines and can generally be described as follows: pass loans are of satisfactory quality; special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention; substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness and there is a possibility that the Company will sustain some loss); and doubtful loans, based on existing circumstances, have weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable. In addition, one-to-four Troubled Debt Restructurings The Company is required to account for certain held-for-investment non-accrual In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, the Company has selectively extended to certain borrowers concessions such as rate reductions, extension of maturity dates, and forbearance agreements. As of September 30, 2018, loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate reductions and/or extension of maturity dates amounted to $38.7 million; loans on which forbearance agreements were reached amounted to $1.4 million. The following table presents information regarding the Company’s TDRs as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017: September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Accruing Non-Accrual Total Accruing Non-Accrual Total Loan Category: Multi-family $ 812 $ 5,002 $ 5,814 $ 824 $ 8,061 $ 8,885 Commercial real estate -- -- -- -- 368 368 One-to-four -- 1,033 1,033 -- 1,066 1,066 Acquisition, development, and construction 9,552 -- 9,552 8,652 -- 8,652 Commercial and industrial -- 23,714 23,714 177 26,408 26,585 Total $ 10,364 $ 29,749 $ 40,113 $ 9,653 $ 35,903 $ 45,556 The eligibility of a borrower for work-out The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows: For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Number Pre-Modification Post-Modification Pre- Post- Charge-off Capitalized Loan Category: Commercial and industrial 6 1,848 $ 1,212 3.36 % 3.28 % $ 545 $ -- For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Number Pre-Modification Post-Modification Pre- Post- Charge-off Capitalized Loan Category: Acquisition, development, and construction 2 $ 8,652 $ 8,652 5.50 % 5.50 % $ -- $ -- Commercial and industrial 22 18,002 7,620 3.18 2.91 6,350 -- Total 24 $ 26,654 $ 16,272 $ 6,350 $ -- The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows: For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Number Pre-Modification Post-Modification Pre- Post- Charge-off Capitalized Loan Category: Acquisition, development, and construction 1 $ 900 $ 900 4.50 % 4.50 % $ -- $ -- Commercial and industrial 18 6,914 4,386 3.30 3.18 2,308 -- Total 19 $ 7,814 $ 5,286 $ 2,308 $ -- For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Number Pre-Modification Post-Modification Pre- Post- Charge-off Capitalized Loan Category: One-to-four 4 $ 810 $ 990 5.93 % 2.21 % $ -- $ 12 Acquisition, development, and construction 2 8,652 8,652 5.50 5.50 -- -- Commercial and industrial 52 48,716 23,673 3.36 3.29 11,079 -- Total 58 $ 58,178 $ 33,315 $ 11,079 $ 12 At September 30, 2018, five C&I loans, in the amount of $1.1 million that had been modified as a TDR during the twelve months ended at that date were in payment default. The Company does not consider a payment to be in default when the loan is in forbearance, or otherwise granted a delay of payment, when the agreement to forebear or allow a delay of payment is part of a modification. Subsequent to the modification, the loan is not considered to be in default until payment is contractually past due in accordance with the modified terms. However, the Company does consider a loan with multiple modifications or forbearance periods to be in default, and would also consider a loan to be in default if the borrower were in bankruptcy or if the loan were partially charged off subsequent to modification. |