Stock Based Compensation | 10. Stock Based Compensation The Company adopted the A. O. Smith Combined Incentive Compensation Plan (the Plan) effective January 1, 2007. The Plan was most recently r Total stock based compensation expense recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively. Total stock based compensation expense recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $10.4 million and $10.8 million, respectively. Stock Options The stock options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 have three year pro rata vesting from the date of grant. Stock options are issued at exercise prices equal to the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant. For active employees, all options granted in 2020 and 2019 expire ten years after the date of grant. The Company’s stock options are expensed ratably over the three year vesting period; however, included in stock option expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was expense associated with the accelerated vesting of stock option awards for certain employees who either are retirement eligible or become retirement eligible during the vesting period. Stock based compensation expense attributable to stock options in the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Stock based compensation expense attributable to stock options in the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $5.2 million, respectively. Changes in options, all of which relate Weighted- Number of Average Aggregate Outstanding at January 1, 2020 $ 37.64 2,728,350 Granted 42.39 784,300 Exercised 14.79 (271,844 ) Forfeited 48.50 (68,654 ) Outstanding at June 30, 2020 40.54 3,172,152 7 years $ 28.2 Exercisable at June 30, 2020 38.42 1,922,832 7 years $ 28.2 The weighted-average fair value per option at the date of grant during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model was $8.15 and $10.83, respectively. Assumptions were as follows: Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 2019 Expected life (years) 5.7 5.5 Risk-free interest rate 1.6 % 2.7 % Dividend yield 2.1 % 1.6 % Expected volatility 23.6 % 22.8 % The expected lives of options for purposes of these models are based on historical exercise behavior. The risk-free interest rates for purposes of these models are based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant for the respective expected lives of the option. The expected dividend yields for purposes of these models are based on the dividends paid in the preceding four quarters divided by the grant date market value of the Common Stock. The expected volatility for purposes of these models are based on the historical volatility of the Common Stock. Restricted Stock and Share Units Participants may also be awarded shares of restricted stock or share units under the Plan. Share units vest three years after the date of grant. The Company granted 169,539 and 139,892 share units under the plan in the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The share units were valued at $7.2 million and $6.9 million at the date of issuance in 2020 and 2019, respectively, based on the price of the Company’s Common Stock at the date of grant. The share units are recognized as compensation expense ratably over the three-year vesting period; however, included in share unit expense in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was expense associated with accelerated vesting of share unit awards for certain employees who either are retirement eligible or will become retirement eligible during the vesting period. Stock based compensation expense attributable to share units of $0.7 million and $1.2 million was recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Stock based compensation expense attributable to share units of $5.2 million and $5.6 million was recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Certain non-U.S.-based Number of Units Weighted-Average Issued and unvested at January 1, 2020 366,102 $ 49.92 Granted 169,539 42.39 Vested (100,735 ) 49.21 Forfeited (10,656 ) 52.48 Issued and unvested at June 30, 2020 424,250 46.93 |