| Basis of Presentation | Note 1. Basis of Presentation Description of Business Viavi Solutions, Inc. (VIAVI, also referred to as the Company), is a global provider of network test, monitoring and assurance solutions to communications service providers, enterprises, network equipment manufacturers, civil government, military and avionics customers, supported by a worldwide channel community including VIAVI Velocity Partners. The Company’s Velocity program (Velocity) allows the Company to optimize the use of direct or partner sales depending on application and sales volume. Velocity expands the Company’s reach into new market segments as well as expands the Company’s capability to sell and deliver solutions. VIAVI delivers end-to-end visibility across physical, virtual and hybrid networks, enabling customers to optimize connectivity, quality of experience and profitability. VIAVI is also a leader in high performance thin film optical coatings, providing light management solutions to anti-counterfeiting, 3D sensing, electronics, automotive, defense and instrumentation markets. Fiscal Years The Company utilizes a 52-53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to June 30th. The Company’s 2020 , 2019 and 2018 fiscal years were 52-week fiscal years ending on June 27, 2020 , June 29, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively. Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Reclassification of Prior Period Balances Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current-year presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on the reported net income (loss) for the fiscal years ending on June 27, 2020 , June 29, 2019 and June 30, 2018 . Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the reported amount of net revenues and expenses and the disclosure of commitments and contingencies during the reporting periods. Estimates are based on historical factors, current circumstances and the experience and judgment of management. Under changed conditions the Company’s reported financial positions or results of operations may be materially impacted when using different estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to significant accounting policies. If estimates or assumptions differ from actual results, subsequent periods are adjusted to reflect more readily available information. Actual results may differ from these estimates due to the uncertainty around the magnitude, duration and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other factors. COVID-19 A novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China by the Chinese government in December 2019, and subsequently declared an international pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 virus has resulted in a global slowdown of economic activity which is likely to decrease demand for a broad variety of goods and services, including from our customers, while also continuing to disrupt sales channels and marketing activities for an unknown period of time until the disease is contained. While, the Company expects this to have a negative impact to our sales and our results of operations, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstances that would require an update to the estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information becomes available. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates assumptions or conditions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to the COVID-19. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers highly liquid instruments such as treasury bills, commercial paper and other money market instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents also include certain term deposits with financial institutions that the Company can liquidate with 30 days’ advance notice without incurring penalties. Restricted Cash At June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019 , the Company’s short-term restricted cash balances were $3.5 million and $3.5 million , respectively. The Company’s long-term restricted cash balances, included in other non-current assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, were $4.9 million and $5.4 million as of June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019 , respectively. These balances primarily include interest-bearing investments in bank certificates of deposit and money market funds which act as collateral supporting the issuance of letters of credit and performance bonds for the benefit of third parties. Refer to “ Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies ” for more information. Investments The Company’s investments are primarily investments in debt securities, which are classified as available-for-sale investments or trading securities, recorded at fair value. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identified method. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net of tax, are reported within accumulated other comprehensive (loss). The Company periodically reviews these debt investments for impairment. If a debt security’s fair value is below amortized cost and the Company either intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, the Company records an other-than-temporary impairment charge to current earnings for the entire amount of the impairment. If a debt security’s fair value is below amortized cost and the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost of the security, the Company separates the other-than-temporary impairment into (i) the portion of the loss related to credit factors, or the credit loss portion, and (ii) the portion of the loss that is not related to credit factors, or the non-credit loss portion. The credit loss portion is the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the Company’s best estimate of the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security. The non-credit loss portion is the residual amount of the other-than-temporary impairment. The credit loss portion is recorded as a charge to income (loss), and the non-credit loss portion is recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive (loss) income. The Company’s short-term investments are classified as current assets, include certain securities with stated maturities of longer than twelve months, are highly liquid and available to support its current operations. Fair Value of Financial Instruments For assets and liabilities measured at fair value, fair value is the price to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. When determining fair value, the Company considers the principle or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and the Company considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing asset or liabilities. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are: • Level 1 : Quoted market prices for identical instruments in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 : Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in less active markets or model-derived valuations. All significant inputs used in the Company’s valuations, such as discounted cash flows, are observable or derived from or corroborated with observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. • Level 3 : Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities. Level 3 inputs and valuation models are monitored and reviewed by the Company to help ensure the fair value measurements are reasonable and consistent with market experience in similar asset classes. Estimates of fair value of fixed-income securities are based on third party, market-based pricing sources which the Company believes to be reliable. These estimates represent the third parties’ good faith opinion as to what a buyer in the marketplace would pay for a security in a current sale. For instruments that are not actively traded, estimates may be based on current treasury yields adjusted by an estimated market credit spread for the specific instrument. The fair value of the Company’s 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023 and 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024 fluctuates with interest rates and with the market price of the Company’s stock, but does not affect the carrying value of the debt on the balance sheet. The fair value of earn-out liabilities are determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation that includes significant unobservable inputs such as the risk-adjusted discount rate, gross profit volatility, and projected financial forecast of acquired business over the earn-out period. Our other current financial assets and current financial liabilities have fair values that approximate their carrying values. Inventories The Company’s inventory is valued at standard cost, which approximates actual cost computed on a first-in, first-out basis, not in excess of net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, the Company assesses the value of its inventory and writes down those inventories determined to be obsolete or in excess of its forecasted usage to their market value. The Company’s estimates of realizable value are based upon management analysis and assumptions including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product life cycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. The Company’s product line management personnel play a key role in its excess review process by providing updated sales forecasts, managing product transitions and working with manufacturing to minimize excess inventory. Differences between actual market conditions and customer demand to the Company’s forecasts, may create favorable or unfavorable inventory positions, and may result in additional inventory write-downs or higher than expected income from operations. The Company’s inventory amounts include material, labor, and manufacturing overhead costs. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of future lease payments. The lease term is the non-cancelable period of the lease and includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that an option will be exercised. Operating right-of-use (ROU) assets are recognized at commencement based on the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability. Operating ROU assets also include any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and exclude lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating ROU assets are included in other non-current assets and lease liabilities are included in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Lease and non-lease components for all leases are accounted for separately. The Company does not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using a straight-line method, over the estimated useful lives of the assets: building and improvements 10 to 50 years; machinery and equipment 2 to 20 years; and furniture, fixtures, software and office equipment 2 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the asset or the initial lease term. Demonstration units are amortized on the straight-line method and are Company products used for demonstration purposes for existing and prospective customers. These assets are generally not intended to be sold and have an estimated useful life of 3 to 5 years. Costs related to software acquired, developed or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements and for which there are no substantive plans to market are capitalized in accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. Only costs incurred after the preliminary planning stage of the project and after management has authorized and committed funds to the project are eligible for capitalization. Costs capitalized for computer software developed or obtained for internal use are included in Property, plant and equipment, net , on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid, over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, to purchase an enterprise or asset. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The accounting guidance provides the Company with the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The qualitative assessment considers events and circumstances that might indicate that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carry amount. These events and circumstances include, macro-economic conditions, such as a significant adverse change in the Company’s operating environment, industry or market considerations; entity-specific events such as increasing costs, declining financial performance, or loss of key personnel; or other events, such as the sale of a reporting unit, adverse regulatory developments or a sustained decrease in the Company’s stock price. If it is determined, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required. Under the quantitative test, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as impairment of goodwill. Measurement of the fair value of a reporting unit is based on one or more of the following fair value measures: using present value techniques of estimated future cash flows or using valuation techniques based on multiples of earnings or revenue, or a similar performance measure. Refer to “ Note 9. Goodwill ” for more information. Intangible Assets In connection with the Company’s acquisitions, the Company generally recognize assets for customer relationships, acquired developed technologies, patents, proprietary know-how, trade secrets, in-process research and development (IPR&D) and trademarks and trade names. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic useful lives of the assets, which is the period during which expected cash flows support the fair value of such intangible assets. Refer to “ Note 10. Acquired Developed Technology and Other Intangibles ” for more information. Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets, including intangible assets and property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of any asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Such an evaluation is performed at the lowest identifiable level of cash flows independent of other assets. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows generated from the assets are less than their carrying amount. Measurement of an impairment loss would be based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset or asset group over its estimated fair value. Estimates of future cash flow require significant judgment based on anticipated future and operating results, which are subject to variability and change. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits The funded status of the Company’s retirement-related benefit plans is recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation at fiscal year end, the measurement date. For defined benefit pension plans, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation (PBO) and for the non-pension postretirement benefit plan the benefit obligation is the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (APBO). The PBO represents the actuarial present value of benefits expected to be paid upon its employee’s retirement. The APBO represents the actuarial present value of postretirement benefits attributed to employee services already rendered. Unfunded or partially funded plans, with the benefit obligation exceeding the fair value of plan assets, are aggregated and recorded as a retirement and non-pension postretirement benefit obligation equal to this excess. The current portion of the retirement-related benefit obligation represents the actuarial present value of benefits payable in the next 12 months in excess of the fair value of plan assets, measured on a plan-by-plan basis. This liability is recorded in other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net periodic pension cost is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and includes service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service cost (credit), and (gains) losses previously recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Service cost represents the actuarial present value of participant benefits attributed to services rendered by employees in the current year. Interest cost represents the time value of money cost associated with the passage of time. (Gains) losses arise as a result of differences between actual experience and assumptions or as a result of changes in actuarial assumptions. Prior service cost (credit) represents the cost of benefit improvements attributable to prior service granted in plan amendments. (Gains) losses and prior service cost (credit) not recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as they arise are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of tax. Those (gains) losses and prior service cost (credit) are subsequently recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost pursuant to the recognition and amortization provisions of the authoritative guidance. The measurement of the benefit obligation and net periodic pension cost is based on the Company’s estimates and actuarial valuations provided by third-party actuaries and are approved by management. These valuations reflect the terms of the plans and use participant-specific information such as compensation, age and years of service, as well as certain assumptions, including estimates of discount rates, expected return on plan assets, rate of compensation increases and mortality rates. The Company evaluates these assumptions periodically but not less than annually. In estimating the expected return on plan assets, the Company considers historical returns on plan assets, diversification of plan investments, adjusted for forward-looking considerations, inflation assumptions and the impact of the active management of the plan’s invested assets. The Company measures its benefit obligation and plan assets using the month-end date of June 30, which is closest to the Company’s fiscal year-end. Concentration of Credit and Other Risks Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, restricted cash, trade receivables and foreign currency forward contracts. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are held in safekeeping by large, creditworthy financial institutions. The Company invests its excess cash primarily in U.S. government and agency bonds securities, corporate securities, money market funds, asset-backed securities, other investment-grade securities and certificates of deposit. The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings, diversification and maturities that seek to maintain the safety and liquidity of these investments. The Company’s foreign exchange derivative instruments expose the Company to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The Company seeks to mitigate such risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions and by spreading such risk across several major financial institutions. Potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from such risk is monitored by the Company on an ongoing basis. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. When the Company becomes aware that a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations, the Company records a specific allowance to reflect the level of credit risk in the customer’s outstanding receivable balance. In addition, the Company records additional allowances based on certain percentages of aged receivable balances. These percentages consider a variety of factors including, but not limited to, current economic trends, historical payment and bad debt write-off experience. The Company classifies bad debt expenses as selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense. The Company is not able to predict changes in the financial stability of its customers. Any material changes in the financial status of any one customer or a group of customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Although such losses have been within management’s expectations to date, there can be no assurance that such allowances will continue to be adequate. The Company has significant trade receivables concentrated in the telecommunications industry. While the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts balance is based on historical loss experience along with anticipated economic trends, unanticipated financial instability in the telecommunications industry could lead to higher than anticipated losses. As of June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019 , no customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, net. During fiscal 2020 , 2019 and 2018 , one customer generated 10% or more of total net revenues. Refer to “ Note 19. Operating Segments and Geographic Information ” for more information. The Company relies on a limited number of suppliers and contract manufacturers for a number of key components and sub-assemblies contained in the Company’s products. The Company generally uses a rolling twelve -month forecast based on anticipated product orders, customer forecasts, product order history and backlog to determine its materials requirements for any one period. Lead times for the parts and components that the Company orders may vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for a component at any given time. If the forecast does not meet actual demand, the Company may have surplus or dearth of some materials and components, as well as excess inventory purchase commitments. The Company could experience reduced or delayed product shipments or incur additional inventory write-downs and cancellation charges or penalties, which may result in increased costs and have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations. Foreign Currency Forward Contracts The Company conducts its business and sells its products to customers primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and South America. In the normal course of business, the Company’s financial position is routinely subject to market risks associated with foreign currency rate fluctuations due to balance sheet positions in foreign currencies. The Company evaluates foreign exchange risks and utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to reduce such risks, hedging the gains or losses generated by the re-measurement of significant foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities. The fair value of these contracts is reflected as other current assets or liabilities and the change in fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts is recorded as gain or loss in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net. The gain or loss from the change in fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts largely offsets the change in fair value of the foreign currency denominated monetary assets or liabilities, which is also recorded as a component of Interest and other income, net . Foreign Currency Translation Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income and expense accounts are translated at exchange rates from the prior month end, which are deemed to approximate the exchange rate when the income and expense is recognized. Gains and losses from re-measurement of monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the respective functional currencies are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of Interest and other income, net . Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue from a diverse portfolio of network solutions and optical technology products and services, as follows: • Products: Network Enablement (NE) and Service Enablement (SE) products include instruments, microprobes and perpetual software licenses that support the development, production, maintenance and optimization of network systems. NE and SE are collectively referred to as Network and Service Enablement (NSE). The Company’s Optical Security and Performance (OSP) products include proprietary pigments used for optical security and optical filters used in commercial and government 3D Sensing applications. • Services: The Company also offers a range of product support and professional services designed to comprehensively address customer requirements. These include repair, calibration, extended warranty, software support, technical assistance, training and consulting services. Implementation services provided in conjunction with hardware or software solution projects include sale of the products along with project management, set-up and installation. Steps of revenue recognition The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with the revenue standard, in which the following five steps are applied to recognize revenue: 1. Identify the contract with a customer: Generally, the Company considers customer purchase orders which, in some cases are governed by master sales or other purchase agreements, to be the customer contract. All of the following criteria must be met before the Company considers an agreement to qualify as a contract with a customer under the revenue standard: (i) it must be approved by all parties; (ii) each party’s rights regarding the goods and services to be transferred can be identified; (iii) the payment terms for the goods and services can be identified; (iv) the customer has the ability and intent to pay and collection of substantially all of the consideration is probable; and, (v) the agreement has commercial substance. The Company utilizes judgment to determine the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based upon various factors including the customer’s historical payment experience or credit and financial information and credit risk management measures implemented by the Company. 2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract: The Company assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct for the purpose of identifying the various performance obligations in each contract. Promised goods and services are considered distinct provided that: (i) the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and (ii) the Company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable or distinct from other promises in the contract. The Company's performance obligations consist of a variety of products and services offerings which include networking equipment; proprietary pigment, optical filters, proprietary software licenses; support and maintenance which includes hardware support that extends beyond the Company's standard warranties, software maintenance, installation, professional and implementation services, and training. Identifying and evaluating whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations may require significant judgment particularly in NSE due to the nature of the product and service offerings . The Company may enter into contracts that involve a significant level of integration and interdependency between a software license and installation services. Judgment may be required to determine whether the software license is considered distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for separately, or not distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for together with the installation service. 3. Determine the transaction price: Transaction price reflects the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. The Company’s contracts may include terms that could cause variability in the transaction price including rebates, sales returns, market incentives and volume discounts. Variable consideration is generally accounted for at the portfolio level and estimated based on historical information. If a contract includes a variable amount, the price adjustments are estimated at contract inception. In both cases, estimates are updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available. 4. Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract: If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to that performance obligation. Many of the Company’s contracts include multiple performance obligations with a combination of distinct products and services, maintenance and support, professional services and/or training. Contracts may also include rights or options to acquire future products and/or services, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations by the Company, only if the right or option provides the customer with a material right that it would not receive without entering into the contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the total transaction value to each distinct performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price (SSP). Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The best evidence of SSP is the observable price of a good or service when the Company sells that good or service separately under similar circumstances to sim |
