| Critical Accounting Policies | Note G - Critical Accounting Policies
Management Estimates and Uncertainties - The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates made in preparing the consolidated financial statements include depreciation and amortization periods, the allowance for doubtful accounts, reserves for inventory and valuation of long-lived assets. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.
Note G - Critical Accounting Policies - Continued
Revenue Recognition - Revenues from sales of the Company’s electronic manufacturing services business are recognized when the finished good product is shipped to the customer. In general, and except for consignment inventory, it is the Company’s policy to recognize revenue and related costs when the finished goods have been shipped from our facilities, which is also the same point that title passes under the terms of the purchase order. Finished goods inventory which is on consignment for certain customers is shipped from the Company to an independent warehouse for storage or shipped directly to the customer and stored in a segregated part of the customer’s own facility. Upon the customer’s request for finished goods inventory, the inventory is shipped to the customer if the inventory was stored off-site, or transferred from the segregated part of the customer’s facility for consumption or use by the customer. The Company recognizes revenue upon such shipment or transfer. The Company does not earn a fee for such arrangements. The Company from time to time may ship finished goods from its facilities, which is also the same point that title passes under the terms of the purchase order, and invoice the customer at the end of the calendar month. This is done only in special circumstances to accommodate a specific customer. Further, from time to time customers request the Company hold finished goods after they have been invoiced to consolidate finished goods for shipping purposes. The Company generally provides a 90 day warranty for workmanship only, except for products with proprietary designs and does not have any installation, acceptance or sales incentives (although the Company has negotiated longer warranty terms in certain instances). The Company assembles and tests assemblies based on customers’ specifications. Historically, the amount of returns for workmanship issues has been de minimis under the Company’s standard or extended warranties.
Inventories - Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by an average cost method and the Company allocates labor and overhead to work-in-process and finished goods. In the event of an inventory write-down, the Company records expense to state the inventory at lower of cost or market. The Company establishes inventory reserves for valuation, shrinkage, and excess and obsolete inventory. The Company records provisions for inventory shrinkage based on historical experience to account for unmeasured usage or loss. Actual results differing from these estimates could significantly affect the Company’s inventories and cost of products sold. The Company records provisions for excess and obsolete inventories for the difference between the cost of inventory and its estimated realizable value based on assumptions about future product demand and market conditions. Actual product demand or market conditions could be different than that projected by management.
Note G - Critical Accounting Policies - Continued
Goodwill - Goodwill represents the purchase price in excess of the fair value of assets acquired in business combinations. The Company assesses goodwill for impairment at least annually in the absence of an indicator of possible impairment and immediately upon an indicator of possible impairment. The Company is permitted the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events and circumstances indicates that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its corresponding carrying value. If, after assessing the totality of events and circumstances, the Company concludes that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its corresponding carrying value, then the Company is not required to take further action. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform a quantitative impairment test, including computing the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing that value to its carrying value. If the fair value is less than its carrying value, a second step of the test is required to determine if recorded goodwill is impaired. The Company also has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for goodwill in any period and proceed directly to performing the quantitative impairment test. The Company will be able to resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test as of February 1, 2015 and determined that no impairment existed as of that date. There have been no indicators of possible impairm ent during the nine months ended January 31, 2016 .
Intangible Assets - Intangible assets are comprised of finite life intangible assets including patents, trade names, backlog, non-compete agreements, and customer relationships. Finite life intangible assets are amortized on a straight line or accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives of five years for patents, 20 years for trade names, 1 year for backlog, 7 years for non-compete agreements and 15 years for customer relationships.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - The Company reviews long-lived assets, including amortizable intangible assets, for impairment. Property, machinery and equipment and finite life intangible assets are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate possible impairment. If events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate possible impairment, the Company’s impairment review is based on an undiscounted cash flow analysis at the lowest level at which cash flows of the long-lived assets are largely independent of other groups of its assets and liabilities. This analysis requires management judgment with respect to changes in technology, the continued success of product lines, and future volume, revenue and expense growth rates. The Company conducts annual reviews for idle and underutilized equipment, and reviews business plans for possible impairment. Impairment occurs when the carrying value of the assets exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be earned by the use of the asset group. When impairment is indicated, the estimated future cash flows are then discounted to determine the estimated fair value of the asset or asset group and an impairment charge is recorded for the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value. As of January 31, 201 6 , there were no indicators of possible impairment of long-lived assets.
Income Tax - The Company’s income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. The Company is subject to income taxes in both the U.S. and several foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates by management are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense assessment.
Note G - Critical Accounting Policies - Continued
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. In evaluating the Company’s ability to recover its deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. In projecting future taxable income, the Company begins with historical results and changes in accounting policies, and incorporates assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pre-tax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment and estimates by management about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates the Company uses to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, the Company considers three years of cumulative operating income and/or loss. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to an amount more likely than not to be realized.
The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across its global operations. Changes in tax laws and rates could also affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. Management is not aware of any such changes that would have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial position.
A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may only be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits.
The Company adjusts its tax liabilities when its judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from its current estimate of the tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which they are determined.
Reclassifications - Certain reclassifications have been made to the previously reported 2015 financial statements to conform to the 2016 presentation. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company began presenting all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as a result of adopting ASU No. 2015-17 as discussed in Note G .
Note G - Critical Accounting Policies - Continued
New Accounting Standards:
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers." This ASU is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is not permitted. Accordingly, the Company will adopt this ASU on May 1, 2018. Companies may use either a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach to adopt this ASU and the Company is currently evaluating which transition approach to use and the full impact this ASU will have on the Company’s future consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) . The amendments in this ASU provide guidance about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. An entity’s management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or are available to be issued, when applicable). ASU 2014-15 is effective for the Company beginning with the annual reporting for fiscal 2016, and reports for interim and annual periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company elected early adoption of this ASU and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015- 03, “Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) — Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” ASU No. 2015-03 simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs by requiring that these costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the statement of financial condition as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of that liability. ASU No. 2015-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within that reporting period. ASU No. 2015-03 is required to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented beginning in the year of adoption. The Company does not expect the impact of adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory . ASU No. 2015-11 requires an entity that determines the cost of inventory by methods other than last-in, first-out (LIFO) and the retail inventory method (RIM) to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This amendment applies to all inventory that is measured using the average costs or first-in first-out (FIFO) methods. This supersedes prior guidance which allowed entities to measure inventory at the lower of cost or market, where market could be replacement cost, net realizable value or net realizable value less an approximately normal profit margin. ASU No. 2015-11 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2016. Prospective application is required. Early application is permitted as of the beginning of the interim or annual reporting period. The Company does not expect the impact of the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Note G - Critical Accounting Policies - Continued
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements . ASU No. 2015-15 clarifies the guidance in ASU No. 2015-03 (discussed above) regarding presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. ASU No. 2015-03 requires an entity to present debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. While ASU No. 2015-03 addresses costs related to term debt, ASU No. 2015-15 provides clarification regarding costs to secure revolving lines of credit and indicates that the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in these updates. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years,
and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015, although early adoption is permitted. When adopted, this guidance must be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company does not expect the impact of the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes . ASU No. 2015-17 requires entities to classify deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. ASU No. 2015-17 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. This update may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. Early application is permitted as of the beginning of the interim or annual reporting period. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2015-17 during its third quarter of fiscal year 2016 on a retrospective basis. Accordingly, it reclassified the current deferred taxes to noncurrent on the April 30, 2015 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, which increased noncurrent deferred tax assets by $365,935 and decreased noncurrent deferred tax liabilities by $1,813,244 .
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases . The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for capital leases and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. While the Company is still evaluating the impact of its pending adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements, the Company expects that upon adoption it will recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities and that the amounts could be material. |
