Exhibit 99.01
Eastman Announces First Quarter 2024 Financial Results
KINGSPORT, Tenn., April 25, 2024 – Eastman Chemical Company (NYSE:EMN) announced its first quarter 2024 financial results.
•Delivered strong sequential increase in sales volume/mix and earnings driven by reconnection to primary demand for many of our specialty products in Advanced Materials and Additives & Functional Products.
•Achieved on spec production and revenue generation at our Kingsport methanolysis facility.
•Pathway to ~$75 million of incremental EBITDA in 2024 vs. 2023 from Kingsport methanolysis facility.
•Selected by U.S. Department of Energy to receive up to $375 million investment for our second U.S. molecular recycling project in Longview, Texas.
| | | | | | | | | | |
(In millions, except per share amounts; unaudited) | 1Q2024 | 1Q2023 | | |
Sales revenue | $2,310 | $2,412 | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT") | 263 | 246 | | |
Adjusted EBIT* | 274 | 283 | | |
Earnings per diluted share | 1.39 | 1.12 | | |
Adjusted earnings per diluted share* | 1.61 | 1.63 | | |
Net cash used in operating activities | (16) | (2) | | |
| | | | |
*For non-core and unusual items excluded from adjusted earnings and for adjusted provision for income taxes, segment adjusted EBIT margins, and net debt, reconciliations to reported company and segment earnings and total borrowings for all periods presented in this release, see Tables 3A, 3B, 4A, and 6.
“We delivered strong sequential earnings growth in the first quarter, above the high-end of our initial expectations,” said Mark Costa, Board Chair and CEO. “In the first quarter, we were encouraged to see continued evidence that inventory destocking is complete across most of our key end markets including consumer durables, building and construction, and personal care. Sales volume/mix improved 4 percent sequentially as demand for our products appears to be reconnecting to primary end-market demand. We are also incredibly proud to have achieved on spec production and revenue generation at our Kingsport methanolysis facility. Achieving this milestone is a direct result of years of commitment and dedication from hundreds of Eastman employees and the support of their families. For their dedication, I am extraordinarily grateful. We have started 2024 with strong momentum. Demand in our base business is recovering, and we have solidified our position as a world leader in the circular economy. I am confident in our ability to deliver earnings growth and strong cash flow going forward.”
Segment Results 1Q 2024 versus 1Q 2023
Advanced Materials – Sales revenue increased 1 percent due to 4 percent higher sales volume/mix partially offset by 3 percent lower selling prices.
Higher sales volume/mix in specialty plastics was the result of reduced levels of customer inventory destocking and a shift towards reconnecting with primary end-market demand, particularly in consumer durables. This growth was partially offset by continued customer inventory destocking in the medical end market and a lower sales volume/mix in performance films due to strong demand in China in the prior-year period.
EBIT increased primarily due to improved price-cost and higher sales volume/mix.
Additives & Functional Products – Sales revenue decreased 9 percent due to 8 percent lower selling prices and 1 percent lower sales volume/mix.
Lower selling prices were primarily due to cost-pass-through contracts in care additives and functional amines. Sales volume/mix decreased slightly as growth in coatings additives and care additives was more than offset by lower sales volume/mix in specialty fluids due to the timing of the fulfillment of heat transfer fluid projects and continued customer inventory destocking in the agriculture end market.
EBIT decreased due to lower sales volume/mix and higher manufacturing costs, including planned maintenance shutdowns, partially offset by favorable price-cost due to lower variable costs more than offsetting lower selling prices.
Fibers – Sales revenue increased 9 percent due to 7 percent higher sales volume/mix and 2 percent higher selling prices.
Sales volume/mix increased primarily due to a double-digit percent increase in textiles driven by continued strong adoption of Naia™ sustainable textile products as customers prioritize sustainability in addition to functionality.
EBIT increased due to higher sales volume/mix and improved price-cost.
Chemical Intermediates – Sales revenue decreased 11 percent due to 13 percent lower selling prices, partially offset by 2 percent higher sales volume/mix.
Lower selling prices across the segment were due to weak market conditions and lower variable costs. Sales volume/mix increased slightly driven by growth in the plasticizers product line due to reduced levels of customer inventory destocking and a shift towards reconnecting with primary end-market demand in building and construction.
EBIT decreased due to lower spreads.
Cash Flow
In first quarter 2024, cash used in operating activities was $16 million. The company returned $95 million to stockholders through dividends. See Table 5. Priorities for uses of available cash for 2024 include organic growth investments, payment of the quarterly dividend, bolt-on acquisitions, and share repurchases.
2024 Outlook
Commenting on the outlook for full-year 2024, Costa said: “We delivered strong first-quarter results that were above our expectations, reflecting both better than expected sales volume/mix and continued pricing discipline. We are encouraged to see continued evidence that customer inventory destocking is behind us across most of our key end markets. Looking forward to the remainder of the year, primary demand in key markets and geographies remains uncertain. However, we continue to benefit from our innovation-driven growth model that enables growth above our end markets. We also expect to benefit from revenue and earnings generated by our Kingsport methanolysis facility, mostly in the second half of the year. We expect continued pricing discipline and improving asset utilization throughout the year. Taking these drivers together, we continue to expect 2024 EPS to be between $7.25 and $8.00 and for 2024 cash from operations to be approximately $1.4 billion.”
The full-year 2024 projected adjusted diluted EPS and Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (“EBITDA”) exclude any non-core, unusual, or nonrecurring items. Our financial results forecasts do not include non-core items (such as mark-to-market pension and other postretirement benefit gain or loss, and asset impairments and restructuring charges) or any unusual or non-recurring items because we are unable to predict with reasonable certainty the financial impact of such items. These items are uncertain and depend on various factors, and we are unable to reconcile projected adjusted diluted EPS and EBITDA excluding non-core and any unusual or non-recurring items to reported GAAP diluted EPS or net earnings without unreasonable efforts.
Forward-Looking Statements
This information and other statements by the company may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act with respect to, among other items: projections and estimates of earnings, revenues, volumes, pricing, margins, cost reductions, expenses, taxes, liquidity, capital expenditures, cash flow, dividends, share repurchases or other financial items, statements of management’s plans, strategies and objectives for future operations, and statements regarding future economic, industry or market conditions or performance. Such projections and estimates are based upon certain preliminary information, internal estimates, and management assumptions, expectations, and plans. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, and actual performance or results could differ materially from that anticipated by any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and the company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. Other important assumptions and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are detailed in the company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and the company’s website at www.eastman.com.
Conference Call and Webcast Information
Eastman will host a conference call with industry analysts on Apr. 26, 2024, at 8:00 a.m. ET. To listen to the live webcast of the conference call and view the accompanying slides and prepared remarks, go to investors.eastman.com, Events & Presentations. The slides and prepared remarks to be discussed during the call and webcast will be available at investors.eastman.com at approximately 4:30 p.m. ET on Apr. 25, 2024. To listen via telephone, the dial-in number is +1 (833) 470-1428, passcode: 896570. A web replay, a replay in downloadable MP3 format, and the accompanying slides and prepared remarks will be available at investors.eastman.com, Events & Presentations. A telephone replay will be available continuously beginning at approximately 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time, Apr. 26, 2024, through 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time, May 6, 2024, Toll Free at +1 (866) 813-9403, passcode 784138.
Founded in 1920, Eastman is a global specialty materials company that produces a broad range of products found in items people use every day. With the purpose of enhancing the quality of life in a material way, Eastman works with customers to deliver innovative products and solutions while maintaining a commitment to safety and sustainability. The company’s innovation-driven growth model takes advantage of world-class technology platforms, deep customer engagement, and differentiated application development to grow its leading positions in attractive end markets such as transportation, building and construction, and consumables. As a globally inclusive and diverse company, Eastman employs approximately 14,000 people around the world and serves customers in more than 100 countries. The company had 2023 revenue of approximately $9.2 billion and is headquartered in Kingsport, Tennessee, USA. For more information, visit www.eastman.com.
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Contacts:
Media: Tracy Kilgore Addington
423-224-0498 / tracy@eastman.com
Investors: Greg Riddle
212-835-1620 / griddle@eastman.com
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
April 25, 2024
For Eastman Chemical Company First Quarter 2024 Financial Results Release
Table 1 – Statements of Earnings | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | |
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited) | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
Sales | $ | 2,310 | | | $ | 2,412 | | | | | |
Cost of sales (1)(2) | 1,778 | | | 1,883 | | | | | |
Gross profit | 532 | | | 529 | | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 191 | | | 191 | | | | | |
Research and development expenses | 59 | | | 62 | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | 11 | | | 22 | | | | | |
Other components of post-employment (benefit) cost, net | (5) | | | (3) | | | | | |
Other (income) charges, net | 13 | | | 11 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | 263 | | | 246 | | | | | |
Net interest expense | 49 | | | 52 | | | | | |
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Earnings before income taxes | 214 | | | 194 | | | | | |
Provision for income taxes | 49 | | | 60 | | | | | |
Net earnings | 165 | | | 134 | | | | | |
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | | | — | | | | | |
Net earnings attributable to Eastman | $ | 165 | | | $ | 134 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Basic earnings per share attributable to Eastman | $ | 1.40 | | | $ | 1.13 | | | | | |
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Eastman | $ | 1.39 | | | $ | 1.12 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Shares (in millions) outstanding at end of period | 117.6 | | | 119.2 | | | | | |
Shares (in millions) used for earnings per share calculation | | | | | | | |
Basic | 117.4 | | | 118.9 | | | | | |
Diluted | 118.2 | | | 119.7 | | | | | |
(1)First quarter 2023 includes $8 million insurance proceeds, net of costs, from the previously reported operational incident at the Kingsport site as a result of a steam line failure (the "steam line incident").
(2)First quarter 2023 includes $23 million accelerated depreciation related to the closure of an acetate yarn manufacturing facility in Europe.
Table 2A – Segment Sales Information | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
Sales by Segment | | | | | | | |
Advanced Materials | $ | 748 | | | $ | 742 | | | | | |
Additives & Functional Products | 704 | | | 777 | | | | | |
Chemical Intermediates | 523 | | | 589 | | | | | |
Fibers | 331 | | | 303 | | | | | |
Total Sales by Segment | 2,306 | | | 2,411 | | | | | |
Other | 4 | | | 1 | | | | | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | $ | 2,310 | | | $ | 2,412 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Fourth Quarter |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | | 2023 |
Sales by Segment | | |
Advanced Materials | | $ | 705 | |
Additives & Functional Products | | 640 | |
Chemical Intermediates | | 513 | |
Fibers | | 346 | |
Total Sales by Segment | | 2,204 | |
Other | | 3 | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | | $ | 2,207 | |
Table 2B – Sales Revenue Change | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter 2024 Compared to First Quarter 2023 |
| | Change in Sales Revenue Due To |
(Unaudited) | Revenue % Change | Volume / Product Mix Effect | Price Effect | Exchange Rate Effect | |
Advanced Materials | 1 | % | 4 | % | (3) | % | — | % | |
Additives & Functional Products | (9) | % | (1) | % | (8) | % | — | % | |
Chemical Intermediates | (11) | % | 2 | % | (13) | % | — | % | |
Fibers | 9 | % | 7 | % | 2 | % | — | % | |
| | | | | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | (4) | % | 3 | % | (7) | % | — | % | |
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| First Quarter 2024 Compared to Fourth Quarter 2023 |
| | Change in Sales Revenue Due To |
(Unaudited) | Revenue % Change | Volume / Product Mix Effect | Price Effect | Exchange Rate Effect |
Advanced Materials | 6 | % | 6 | % | (1) | % | 1 | % |
Additives & Functional Products | 10 | % | 8 | % | 1 | % | 1 | % |
Chemical Intermediates | 2 | % | 1 | % | 1 | % | — | % |
Fibers | (4) | % | (7) | % | 3 | % | — | % |
| | | | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | 5 | % | 4 | % | — | % | 1 | % |
Table 2C – Sales by Customer Location | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
Sales by Customer Location | | | | | | | |
United States and Canada | $ | 969 | | | $ | 1,065 | | | | | |
Europe, Middle East, and Africa | 659 | | | 709 | | | | | |
Asia Pacific | 564 | | | 521 | | | | | |
Latin America | 118 | | | 117 | | | | | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | $ | 2,310 | | | $ | 2,412 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Table 3A - Segment, Other, and Company
Non-GAAP Earnings (Loss) Before Interest and Taxes Reconciliations (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First Quarter | | |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
Advanced Materials | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | $ | 104 | | | $ | 86 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
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Additives & Functional Products | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 109 | | | 124 | | | | | |
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Chemical Intermediates | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 16 | | | 42 | | | | | |
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Fibers | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 117 | | | 65 | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | — | | | 6 | | | | | |
Accelerated depreciation | | — | | | 23 | | | | | |
Excluding non-core items | | 117 | | | 94 | | | | | |
Other | | | | | | | | |
Loss before interest and taxes | | (83) | | | (71) | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net (2) | | 11 | | | 16 | | | | | |
Steam line incident (insurance proceeds) costs, net | | — | | | (8) | | | | | |
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Excluding non-core and unusual items | | (72) | | | (63) | | | | | |
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Total Eastman Chemical Company | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 263 | | | 246 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 11 | | | 22 | | | | | |
Steam line incident (insurance proceeds) costs, net | | — | | | (8) | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Accelerated depreciation | | — | | | 23 | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | |
Total earnings before interest and taxes excluding non-core and unusual items | | $ | 274 | | | $ | 283 | | | | | |
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Company Non-GAAP Earnings Before Interest and Taxes Reconciliations by Line Items | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | $ | 263 | | | $ | 246 | | | | | |
Cost of sales | | — | | | 15 | | | | | |
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Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 11 | | | 22 | | | | | |
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Total earnings before interest and taxes excluding non-core and unusual items | | $ | 274 | | | $ | 283 | | | | | |
(1)See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for first quarter 2023 for description of first quarter 2023 non-core and unusual items. (2)Severance charges as part of fourth quarter 2023 cost reduction initiatives.
Table 3A - Segment, Other, and Company
Non-GAAP Earnings (Loss) Before Interest and Taxes Reconciliations (continued) (1)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Fourth Quarter |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | | 2023 |
Advanced Materials | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | $ | 65 | |
| | |
| | |
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Additives & Functional Products | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 67 | |
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Chemical Intermediates | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 347 | |
Gain on divested business | | (323) | |
| | |
Excluding non-core item | | 24 | |
Fibers | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | 113 | |
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| | |
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Other | | |
Loss before interest and taxes | | (115) | |
Mark-to-market pension and other postretirement benefit plans (gain), net | | 53 | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 15 | |
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Excluding non-core and unusual items | | (47) | |
| | |
Total Eastman Chemical Company | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | $ | 477 | |
Mark-to-market pension and other postretirement benefit plans (gain), net | | 53 | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 15 | |
| | |
Gain on divested business | | (323) | |
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Total earnings before interest and taxes excluding non-core and unusual items | | $ | 222 | |
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Company Non-GAAP Earnings Before Interest and Taxes Reconciliations by Line Items | | | | | | | | |
Earnings before interest and taxes | | $ | 477 | | | | | | | |
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Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 15 | | | | | | | |
Other components of post-employment (benefit) cost, net | | 53 | | | | | | | |
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Net (gain) loss on divested businesses | | (323) | | | | | | | |
Total earnings before interest and taxes excluding non-core and unusual items | | $ | 222 | | | | | | | |
(1)For the description of fourth quarter 2023 non-core and unusual items, see Table 3A in the Quarterly Report on Form 8-K furnished for the fourth quarter 2023.
Table 3B - Segment Non-GAAP Earnings (Loss) Before Interest and Taxes Margins(1)(2)
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| First Quarter | | |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
| Adjusted EBIT | Adjusted EBIT Margin | | Adjusted EBIT | Adjusted EBIT Margin | | | | | | |
Advanced Materials | $ | 104 | | 13.9 | % | | $ | 86 | | 11.6 | % | | | | | | |
Additives & Functional Products | 109 | | 15.5 | % | | 124 | | 16.0 | % | | | | | | |
Chemical Intermediates | 16 | | 3.1 | % | | 42 | | 7.1 | % | | | | | | |
Fibers | 117 | | 35.3 | % | | 94 | | 31.0 | % | | | | | | |
Total segment EBIT excluding non-core and unusual items | 346 | | 15.0 | % | | 346 | | 14.4 | % | | | | | | |
Other | (72) | | | | (63) | | | | | | | | |
Total EBIT excluding non-core and unusual items | $ | 274 | | 11.9 | % | | $ | 283 | | 11.7 | % | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Fourth Quarter |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | 2023 |
| Adjusted EBIT | Adjusted EBIT Margin |
Advanced Materials | $ | 65 | | 9.2 | % |
Additives & Functional Products | 67 | | 10.5 | % |
Chemical Intermediates | 24 | | 4.7 | % |
Fibers | 113 | | 32.7 | % |
Total segment EBIT excluding non-core and unusual items | 269 | | 12.2 | % |
Other | (47) | | |
Total EBIT excluding non-core and unusual items | $ | 222 | | 10.1 | % |
(1)For identification of excluded non-core and unusual items and reconciliations to GAAP EBIT, see Table 3A. (2)Adjusted EBIT margin is non-GAAP EBIT divided by GAAP sales. See Table 2A for sales.
Table 4A – Non-GAAP Earnings Before Interest and Taxes, Net Earnings,
and Earnings Per Share Reconciliations
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| | First Quarter 2024 |
| | Earnings Before Interest and Taxes | | Earnings Before Income Taxes | | Provision for Income Taxes | | Effective Income Tax Rate | | Net Earnings Attributable to Eastman |
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, unaudited) | | After Tax | | Per Diluted Share |
As reported (GAAP) | | $ | 263 | | | $ | 214 | | | $ | 49 | | | 23 | % | | $ | 165 | | | $ | 1.39 | |
Non-Core and Unusual Items: (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 11 | | | 11 | | | 3 | | | | | 8 | | | 0.07 | |
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Interim adjustment to tax provision (2) | | — | | | — | | | (17) | | | | | 17 | | | 0.15 | |
Non-GAAP (Excluding non-core and unusual items and with adjusted provision for income taxes) | | $ | 274 | | | $ | 225 | | | $ | 35 | | | 16 | % | | $ | 190 | | | $ | 1.61 | |
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| | First Quarter 2023 |
| | Earnings Before Interest and Taxes | | Earnings Before Income Taxes | | Provision for Income Taxes | | Effective Income Tax Rate | | Net Earnings Attributable to Eastman |
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, unaudited) | | After Tax | | Per Diluted Share |
As reported (GAAP) | | $ | 246 | | | $ | 194 | | | $ | 60 | | | 31 | % | | $ | 134 | | | $ | 1.12 | |
Non-Core and Unusual Items: (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 22 | | | 22 | | | 4 | | | | | 18 | | | 0.14 | |
Accelerated depreciation | | 23 | | | 23 | | | 3 | | | | | 20 | | | 0.17 | |
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Steam line incident (insurance proceeds) costs, net | | (8) | | | (8) | | | (2) | | | | | (6) | | | (0.05) | |
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Adjustments from tax law changes (3) | | — | | | — | | | (23) | | | | | 23 | | | 0.19 | |
Interim adjustment to tax provision (2) | | — | | | — | | | (6) | | | | | 6 | | | 0.06 | |
Non-GAAP (Excluding non-core and unusual items and with adjusted provision for income taxes) | | $ | 283 | | | $ | 231 | | | $ | 36 | | | 16 | % | | $ | 195 | | | $ | 1.63 | |
(1)See Table 3A for description of first quarter 2024 and 2023 non-core and unusual items excluded from non-GAAP EBIT. Provision for income taxes for non-core and unusual items is calculated using the tax rate for the jurisdiction where the gains are taxable and the expenses are deductible. (2)Increase to the provision for state income taxes due to adjustment of the amount recognized in prior years resulting from state guidance issued in first quarter 2023 related to the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
(3)The adjusted provision for income taxes for first quarter 2024 and 2023 is calculated applying the forecasted full year effective tax rate as shown in Table 4B.
Table 4A – Non-GAAP Earnings Before Interest and Taxes, Net Earnings,
and Earnings Per Share Reconciliations (continued)
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| | Fourth Quarter 2023 |
| | Earnings Before Interest and Taxes | | Earnings Before Income Taxes | | Provision for Income Taxes | | Effective Income Tax Rate | | Net Earnings Attributable to Eastman |
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, unaudited) | | After Tax | | Per Diluted Share |
As reported (GAAP) | | $ | 477 | | | $ | 425 | | | $ | 114 | | | 27 | % | | $ | 310 | | | $ | 2.61 | |
Non-Core and Unusual Items: (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset impairments and restructuring charges, net | | 15 | | | 15 | | | 1 | | | | | 14 | | | 0.12 | |
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Gain on divested business | | (323) | | | (323) | | | (98) | | | | | (225) | | | (1.89) | |
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Mark-to-market pension and other postretirement benefit plans loss, net | | 53 | | | 53 | | | 14 | | | | | 39 | | | 0.33 | |
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Interim adjustment to tax provision (2) | | — | | | — | | | (17) | | | | | 17 | | | 0.14 | |
Non-GAAP (Excluding non-core and unusual items and with adjusted provision for income taxes) | | $ | 222 | | | $ | 170 | | | $ | 14 | | | 8 | % | | $ | 155 | | | $ | 1.31 | |
(1)See Table 3A for description of fourth quarter 2023 non-core and unusual items excluded from non-GAAP EBIT. Provision for income taxes for non-core and unusual items is calculated using the tax rate for the jurisdiction where the gains are taxable and the expenses are deductible. (2)Fourth quarter 2023 is a reconciliation of the adjustments made in interim quarters to reflect the previously forecasted full year effective tax rate.
Table 4B - Adjusted Effective Tax Rate Calculation | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Three Months (1) |
| 2024 | | 2023 |
Effective tax rate | 23 | % | | 31 | % |
Discrete tax items (2) | (1) | % | | — | % |
Tax impact of current year non-core and unusual items (3) | 1 | % | | (8) | % |
Changes in tax contingencies and valuation allowances | (1) | % | | (1) | % |
Forecasted full year impact of expected tax events | (6) | % | | (6) | % |
| | | |
Forecasted full year adjusted effective tax rate | 16 | % | | 16 | % |
(1)Effective tax rate percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. The forecasted full year effective tax rates are 15.5 percent in both first three months 2024 and 2023.
(2)"Discrete tax items" are items that are excluded from a company's estimated annual effective tax rate and recognized entirely in the quarter in which the item occurs. Discrete items for 2024 are related to share based compensation expense.
(3)Provision for income taxes for non-core and unusual items is calculated using the tax rate for the jurisdiction where the gains are taxable and the expenses are deductible.
Table 5 – Statements of Cash Flows | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | First Three Months |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | | | | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Operating activities | | | | | | | |
Net earnings | | | | | $ | 165 | | | $ | 134 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | 127 | | | 141 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
(Benefit from) provision for deferred income taxes | | | | | (17) | | | (7) | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions and divestitures: | | | | | | | |
(Increase) decrease in trade receivables | | | | | (105) | | | (91) | |
(Increase) decrease in inventories | | | | | (100) | | | (44) | |
Increase (decrease) in trade payables | | | | | 49 | | | (132) | |
Pension and other postretirement contributions (in excess of) less than expenses | | | | | (19) | | | (19) | |
Variable compensation payments (in excess of) less than expenses | | | | | (78) | | | (16) | |
Other items, net | | | | | (38) | | | 32 | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | | | (16) | | | (2) | |
Investing activities | | | | | | | |
Additions to properties and equipment | | | | | (185) | | | (174) | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of businesses | | | | | — | | | 16 | |
Acquisition, net of cash acquired | | | | | — | | | (73) | |
| | | | | | | |
Additions to capitalized software | | | | | (1) | | | (2) | |
Other items, net | | | | | 7 | | | (19) | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | | | (179) | | | (252) | |
Financing activities | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in commercial paper and other borrowings | | | | | — | | | (326) | |
Proceeds from borrowings | | | | | 742 | | | 796 | |
Repayment of borrowings | | | | | (498) | | | — | |
Dividends paid to stockholders | | | | | (95) | | | (94) | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Other items, net | | | | | (1) | | | (19) | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | | | 148 | | | 357 | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | | | (2) | | | 3 | |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | (49) | | | 106 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | | | 548 | | | 493 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | | | | $ | 499 | | | $ | 599 | |
Table 6 – Total Borrowings to Net Debt Reconciliations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | | December 31, |
(Dollars in millions, unaudited) | | 2024 | | | | 2023 |
Total borrowings | | $ | 5,080 | | | | | $ | 4,846 | |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents | | 499 | | | | | 548 | |
Net debt (1) | | $ | 4,581 | | | | | $ | 4,298 | |
(1)Includes non-cash decrease of $12 million in 2024 and non-cash increase of $20 million in 2023 resulting from foreign currency exchange rates.