Furthermore, with regards to paragraph 8 above, we have also assumed (i) that the form and terms of the Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Company Debt Securities and/or Warrants (the “Underlying Securities”) included in any Combined Units, and the issuance, sale, and delivery of any such Underlying Security, and the incurrence and performance of all obligations thereunder or in respect thereof in accordance with the terms thereof, in each case, will be in full compliance with, and will not violate, the Charter, Bylaws or any applicable law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree, award, or agreement binding upon the Company, or to which the issuance, sale, and delivery of such Underlying Securities, or the incurrence and performance of such obligations, may be subject, or violate any applicable public policy, or be subject to any defense in law or equity. Moreover, we have assumed that with respect to any of the Underlying Securities that are included in any Combined Units and any agreement under which such Underlying Securities may be issued, the valid existence and corporate power and authority of the Company to enter into and to incur and perform all of its obligations thereunder, the due authorization by all requisite action and the due execution and delivery by the Company of such instruments, and that such instruments constitute or will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company (the “Corporate Unit Authorization”).
The opinions expressed above shall be understood to mean only that if there is a default in performance of an obligation, (i) if a failure to pay or other damage can be shown and (ii) if the defaulting party can be brought into a court which will hear the case and apply the governing law, then, subject to the availability of defenses and to the exceptions set forth in the opinion, the court will provide a money damage (or perhaps injunctive or specific performance) remedy.
The opinions expressed above are further subject to the following limitations, qualifications and exceptions (the “Exceptions”):
(a) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights or remedies of creditors;
(b) the effects of general principles of equity, whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought; and
(c) the invalidity under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy.
We express no opinion with respect to (i) consents to, or restrictions upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration, remedies or judicial relief; (ii) advance waivers of claims, defenses, rights granted by law, or notice, opportunity for hearing, evidentiary requirements, statutes of limitation, trial by jury or at law, or other procedural rights; (iii) waivers of broadly or vaguely stated rights; (iv) covenants not to compete; (v) provisions for exclusivity, election or cumulation of rights or remedies; (vi) provisions authorizing or validating conclusive or discretionary determinations; (vii) grants of setoff rights; (viii) provisions to the effect that a guarantor is liable as a primary obligor, and not as a surety; (ix) provisions for the payment of attorneys’ fees where such payment is contrary to law or public policy; (x) proxies, powers and trusts; (xi) provisions prohibiting, restricting, or requiring consent to assignment or transfer of any right or property; (xii) provisions for liquidated damages, default interest, late charges, monetary penalties, make-whole premiums or other economic remedies to the extent such provisions are deemed to constitute a penalty; or (xiii) the severability, if invalid, of provisions to the foregoing effect.
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