Loans | LOANS Loans as of June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , were as follows, in thousands: June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Loans receivable held to maturity: Commercial $ 2,034,240 $ 1,646,606 Commercial real estate 3,686,898 3,163,269 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 562,353 511,588 Residential real estate 683,051 624,279 Consumer 512,899 447,484 Gross loans receivable held to maturity 7,479,441 6,393,226 Unearned discount (1,420 ) (556 ) Deferred loan fees (324 ) (1,206 ) Total net loans receivable held to maturity 7,477,697 6,391,464 Allowance for loan losses (61,324 ) (55,686 ) Loans receivable, net $ 7,416,373 $ 6,335,778 Heartland has certain lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to provide for an acceptable level of credit risk. The board of directors reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management and the board with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is also a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions. Heartland originates commercial and commercial real estate loans for a wide variety of business purposes, including lines of credit for capital and operating purposes and term loans for real estate and equipment purchases. Agricultural loans provide financing for capital improvements and farm operations, as well as livestock and machinery purchases. Residential mortgage loans are originated for the construction, purchase or refinancing of single family residential properties. Consumer loans include loans for motor vehicles, home improvement, home equity and personal lines of credit. Heartland's consumer finance subsidiaries, Citizens Finance Co. and Citizens Finance of Illinois Co., typically lend to borrowers with past credit problems or limited credit histories, which comprises approximately 14% of Heartland's total consumer loan portfolio. Under Heartland’s credit practices, a loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that Heartland will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loan impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except where more practical, impairment is measured at the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The following table shows the balance in the allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , and the related loan balances, disaggregated on the basis of impairment methodology, in thousands. Loans evaluated under ASC 310-10-35 include loans on nonaccrual status and troubled debt restructurings, which are individually evaluated for impairment, and other impaired loans deemed to have similar risk characteristics. All other loans are collectively evaluated for impairment under ASC 450-20. Heartland has made no significant changes to the accounting for the allowance for loan losses during 2018. Allowance For Loan Losses Gross Loans Receivable Held to Maturity Ending Balance Under ASC 310-10-35 Ending Balance Under ASC 450-20 Total Ending Balance Evaluated for Impairment Under ASC 310-10-35 Ending Balance Evaluated for Impairment Under ASC 450-20 Total June 30, 2018 Commercial $ 2,821 $ 17,888 $ 20,709 $ 14,072 $ 2,020,168 $ 2,034,240 Commercial real estate 212 23,515 23,727 13,164 3,673,734 3,686,898 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 1,648 4,061 5,709 20,887 541,466 562,353 Residential real estate 310 1,547 1,857 25,481 657,570 683,051 Consumer 1,445 7,877 9,322 8,857 504,042 512,899 Total $ 6,436 $ 54,888 $ 61,324 $ 82,461 $ 7,396,980 $ 7,479,441 December 31, 2017 Commercial $ 1,613 $ 16,485 $ 18,098 $ 7,415 $ 1,639,191 $ 1,646,606 Commercial real estate 766 21,184 21,950 23,705 3,139,564 3,163,269 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 546 3,712 4,258 13,304 498,284 511,588 Residential real estate 430 1,794 2,224 27,141 597,138 624,279 Consumer 1,400 7,756 9,156 6,903 440,581 447,484 Total $ 4,755 $ 50,931 $ 55,686 $ 78,468 $ 6,314,758 $ 6,393,226 The following table presents nonaccrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more and performing troubled debt restructured loans at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , in thousands: June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Nonaccrual loans $ 64,980 $ 58,272 Nonaccrual troubled debt restructured loans 4,396 4,309 Total nonaccrual loans $ 69,376 $ 62,581 Accruing loans past due 90 days or more $ 54 $ 830 Performing troubled debt restructured loans $ 4,012 $ 6,617 The following tables provide information on troubled debt restructured loans that were modified during the three- and six- month periods ended June 30, 2018 , and June 30, 2017 , dollars in thousands: Three Months Ended 2018 2017 Number Pre- Post- Number Pre- Post- Commercial — $ — $ — 3 $ 131 $ 131 Commercial real estate — — — — — — Total commercial and commercial real estate — — — 3 131 131 Agricultural and agricultural real estate — — — — — — Residential real estate 6 1,292 1,125 11 1,455 1,455 Consumer — — — — — — Total 6 $ 1,292 $ 1,125 14 $ 1,586 $ 1,586 Six Months Ended 2018 2017 Number of Loans Pre- Modification Recorded Investment Post- Modification Recorded Investment Number of Loans Pre- Modification Recorded Investment Post- Modification Recorded Investment Commercial — $ — $ — 3 $ 131 $ 131 Commercial real estate — — — — — — Total commercial and commercial real estate — — — 3 131 131 Agricultural and agricultural real estate — — — — — — Residential real estate 11 2,169 1,877 14 1,803 1,803 Consumer — — — — — — Total 11 $ 2,169 $ 1,877 17 $ 1,934 $ 1,934 The pre-modification and post-modification recorded investment represents amounts as of the date of loan modification. The change related to the pre-modification investment and post-modification investment amounts on Heartland's residential real estate trouble debt restructured loans for the six months ended June 30, 2018, is due to $356,000 of principal deferment collected from government guarantees and $64,000 of capitalized interest and escrow. At June 30, 2018 , there were no commitments to extend credit to any of the borrowers with an existing troubled debt restructured loan. The following table shows troubled debt restructured loans for which there was a payment default during the three- and six- month periods ended June 30, 2018 , and June 30, 2017 , that had been modified during the twelve-month period prior to default, in thousands: With Payment Defaults During the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 2017 Number of Loans Recorded Investment Number of Loans Recorded Investment Commercial — $ — — $ — Commercial real estate — — — — Total commercial and commercial real estate — — — — Agricultural and agricultural real estate — — — — Residential real estate 3 667 2 150 Consumer — — — — Total 3 $ 667 2 $ 150 With Payment Defaults During the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 2017 Number of Loans Recorded Investment Number of Loans Recorded Investment Commercial — $ — — $ — Commercial real estate — — — — Total commercial and commercial real estate — — — — Agricultural and agricultural real estate — — — — Residential real estate 6 1,184 2 150 Consumer — — — — Total 6 $ 1,184 2 $ 150 Heartland's internal rating system is a series of grades reflecting management's risk assessment, based on its analysis of the borrower's financial condition. The "pass" category consists of all loans that are not in the "nonpass" category, categorized into a range of loan grades that reflect increasing, though still acceptable, risk. Movement of risk through the various grade levels in the pass category is monitored for early identification of credit deterioration. The "nonpass" category consists of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss loans. The "special mention" rating is attached to loans where the borrower exhibits negative trends in financial circumstances due to borrower specific or systemic conditions that, if left uncorrected, threaten the borrower's capacity to meet its debt obligations. The borrower is believed to have sufficient financial flexibility to react to and resolve its negative financial situation. These credits are closely monitored for improvement or deterioration. The "substandard" rating is assigned to loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower and that may be further at risk due to deterioration in the value of collateral pledged. Well-defined weaknesses jeopardize liquidation of the debt. These loans are still considered collectible; however, a distinct possibility exists that Heartland will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans may exhibit some or all of the following weaknesses: deteriorating financial trends, lack of earnings, inadequate debt service capacity, excessive debt and/or lack of liquidity. The "doubtful" rating is assigned to loans where identified weaknesses in the borrowers' ability to repay the loan make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. These borrowers are usually in default, lack liquidity and capital, as well as resources necessary to remain as an operating entity. Specific pending events, such as capital injections, liquidations or perfection of liens on additional collateral, may strengthen the credit, thus deferring the rating of the loan as "loss" until the exact status of the loan can be determined. The loss rating is assigned to loans considered uncollectible. Heartland had no loans classified as loss or doubtful as of June 30, 2018. Loans are placed on "nonaccrual" when management does not expect to collect payments of principal and interest in full or when principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , in thousands: Pass Nonpass Total June 30, 2018 Commercial $ 1,910,993 $ 123,247 $ 2,034,240 Commercial real estate 3,525,070 161,828 3,686,898 Total commercial and commercial real estate 5,436,063 285,075 5,721,138 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 473,508 88,845 562,353 Residential real estate 648,045 35,006 683,051 Consumer 496,098 16,801 512,899 Total gross loans receivable held to maturity $ 7,053,714 $ 425,727 $ 7,479,441 December 31, 2017 Commercial $ 1,552,783 $ 93,823 $ 1,646,606 Commercial real estate 2,985,501 177,768 3,163,269 Total commercial and commercial real estate 4,538,284 271,591 4,809,875 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 451,539 60,049 511,588 Residential real estate 586,623 37,656 624,279 Consumer 432,936 14,548 447,484 Total gross loans receivable held to maturity $ 6,009,382 $ 383,844 $ 6,393,226 The nonpass category in the table above is comprised of approximately 54% special mention loans and 46% substandard loans as of June 30, 2018 . The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2018 , was 16% . As of December 31, 2017 , the nonpass category in the table above was comprised of approximately 52% special mention loans and 48% substandard loans. The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2017 , was 16% . Loans delinquent 30 to 89 days as a percent of total loans were 0.30% at June 30, 2018 , compared to 0 .27% at December 31, 2017 . Changes in credit risk are monitored on a regular basis and changes in risk ratings are made when identified. All impaired loans are reviewed at least annually. As of June 30, 2018 , Heartland had $ 2.6 million of loans secured by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure. The following table sets forth information regarding Heartland's accruing and nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , in thousands: Accruing Loans 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Nonaccrual Total Loans June 30, 2018 Commercial $ 7,863 $ 1,569 $ — $ 9,432 $ 2,009,179 $ 15,629 $ 2,034,240 Commercial real estate 2,836 873 — 3,709 3,672,429 10,760 3,686,898 Total commercial and commercial real estate 10,699 2,442 — 13,141 5,681,608 26,389 5,721,138 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 2,970 — — 2,970 538,447 20,936 562,353 Residential real estate 1,606 202 54 1,862 665,010 16,179 683,051 Consumer 3,644 891 — 4,535 502,492 5,872 512,899 Total gross loans receivable held to maturity $ 18,919 $ 3,535 $ 54 $ 22,508 $ 7,387,557 $ 69,376 $ 7,479,441 December 31, 2017 Commercial $ 1,246 $ 259 $ 100 $ 1,605 $ 1,637,773 $ 7,228 $ 1,646,606 Commercial real estate 4,769 2,326 — 7,095 3,139,576 16,598 3,163,269 Total commercial and commercial real estate 6,015 2,585 100 8,700 4,777,349 23,826 4,809,875 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 604 134 — 738 497,546 13,304 511,588 Residential real estate 2,022 270 — 2,292 601,120 20,867 624,279 Consumer 4,734 943 730 6,407 436,493 4,584 447,484 Total gross loans receivable held to maturity $ 13,375 $ 3,932 $ 830 $ 18,137 $ 6,312,508 $ 62,581 $ 6,393,226 The majority of Heartland's impaired loans are on nonaccrual or have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. The following tables present, by category of loan, impaired loans, the unpaid contractual loan balances at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 ; the outstanding loan balances recorded on the consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 ; any related allowance recorded for those loans as of June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 ; the average outstanding loan balances recorded on the consolidated balance sheets during the three- and six- months ended June 30, 2018 , and year ended December 31, 2017 ; and the interest income recognized on the impaired loans during the three- and six- month periods ended June 30, 2018 , and year ended December 31, 2017 , in thousands: Unpaid Contractual Balance Loan Balance Related Allowance Recorded Quarter- to- Date Avg. Loan Balance Quarter- to- Date Interest Income Recognized Year- to- Date Avg. Loan Balance Year- to- Date Interest Income Recognized June 30, 2018 Impaired loans with a related allowance: Commercial $ 4,306 $ 4,306 $ 2,821 $ 3,116 $ 36 $ 2,795 $ 36 Commercial real estate 965 965 212 6,530 8 8,008 16 Total commercial and commercial real estate 5,271 5,271 3,033 9,646 44 10,803 52 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 4,667 4,667 1,648 2,566 — 2,058 — Residential real estate 1,120 1,120 310 1,223 3 1,415 6 Consumer 3,342 3,342 1,445 2,989 11 3,031 20 Total impaired loans with a related allowance $ 14,400 $ 14,400 $ 6,436 $ 16,424 $ 58 $ 17,307 $ 78 Impaired loans without a related allowance: Commercial $ 10,885 $ 9,766 $ — $ 9,364 $ 46 $ 7,384 $ 95 Commercial real estate 12,804 12,199 — 12,794 24 13,336 121 Total commercial and commercial real estate 23,689 21,965 — 22,158 70 20,720 216 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 18,248 16,220 — 15,428 2 14,173 3 Residential real estate 24,361 24,361 — 24,907 90 25,781 199 Consumer 5,590 5,515 — 5,122 34 4,634 56 Total impaired loans without a related allowance $ 71,888 $ 68,061 $ — $ 67,615 $ 196 $ 65,308 $ 474 Total impaired loans held to maturity: Commercial $ 15,191 $ 14,072 $ 2,821 $ 12,480 $ 82 $ 10,179 $ 131 Commercial real estate 13,769 13,164 212 19,324 32 21,344 137 Total commercial and commercial real estate 28,960 27,236 3,033 31,804 114 31,523 268 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 22,915 20,887 1,648 17,994 2 16,231 3 Residential real estate 25,481 25,481 310 26,130 93 27,196 205 Consumer 8,932 8,857 1,445 8,111 45 7,665 76 Total impaired loans held to maturity $ 86,288 $ 82,461 $ 6,436 $ 84,039 $ 254 $ 82,615 $ 552 Unpaid Contractual Balance Loan Balance Related Allowance Recorded Year-to- Date Avg. Loan Balance Year-to- Date Interest Income Recognized December 31, 2017 Impaired loans with a related allowance: Commercial $ 2,292 $ 2,292 $ 1,613 $ 3,607 $ 39 Commercial real estate 11,925 10,068 766 11,479 34 Total commercial and commercial real estate 14,217 12,360 2,379 15,086 73 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 1,539 1,539 546 3,437 — Residential real estate 1,568 1,568 430 2,056 15 Consumer 2,634 2,634 1,400 2,370 41 Total impaired loans with a related allowance $ 19,958 $ 18,101 $ 4,755 $ 22,949 $ 129 Impaired loans without a related allowance: Commercial $ 6,243 $ 5,123 $ — $ 2,586 $ 165 Commercial real estate 14,243 13,637 — 20,148 514 Total commercial and commercial real estate 20,486 18,760 — 22,734 679 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 13,793 11,765 — 9,654 — Residential real estate 25,573 25,573 — 26,024 277 Consumer 4,269 4,269 — 3,884 73 Total impaired loans without a related allowance $ 64,121 $ 60,367 $ — $ 62,296 $ 1,029 Total impaired loans held to maturity: Commercial $ 8,535 $ 7,415 $ 1,613 $ 6,193 $ 204 Commercial real estate 26,168 23,705 766 31,627 548 Total commercial and commercial real estate 34,703 31,120 2,379 37,820 752 Agricultural and agricultural real estate 15,332 13,304 546 13,091 — Residential real estate 27,141 27,141 430 28,080 292 Consumer 6,903 6,903 1,400 6,254 114 Total impaired loans held to maturity $ 84,079 $ 78,468 $ 4,755 $ 85,245 $ 1,158 On May 18, 2018, Heartland completed the acquisition of First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc., parent company of First Bank & Trust, headquartered in Lubbock, Texas. As of May 18, 2018, First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc. had gross loans of $696.9 million , and the estimated fair value of the loans acquired was $681.1 million . On February 23, 2018, Heartland acquired Signature Bancshares, Inc., parent company of Signature Bank, based in Minnetonka, Minnesota. As of February 23, 2018, Signature Bancshares, Inc. had gross loans of $ 335.1 million and the estimated fair value of the loans acquired was $ 324.5 million . Included in loans acquired from Signature Bank was a lease portfolio with a fair value of $16.0 million on the acquisition date. The lease portfolio is included with the commercial loan category for disclosure purposes. Heartland uses the acquisition method of accounting for purchased loans in accordance with ASC 805, " Business Combinations." Purchased loans acquired in a business combination are recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date, but the purchaser cannot carry over the related allowance for loan losses. Purchased loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, " Loans and Debt Securities with Deteriorated Credit Quality," when the loans have evidence of credit deterioration since origination, and when at the date of the acquisition, it is probable that Heartland will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Evidence of credit quality deterioration at the purchase date includes statistics such as past due and nonaccrual status. Generally, acquired loans that meet Heartland’s definition for nonaccrual status fall within the scope of ASC 310-30. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference, which is included in the carrying value of the loans. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows of the loan will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or a reclassification of the difference from nonaccretable to accretable with a positive impact on future interest income. Further, any excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows. At June 30, 2018 , and December 31, 2017 , the carrying amount of loans acquired since 2015 consist of purchased impaired and nonimpaired loans as summarized in the following table, in thousands: June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Impaired Non Impaired Total Loans Impaired Non Impaired Total Loans Commercial $ 10,150 $ 391,687 $ 401,837 $ 952 $ 187,375 $ 188,327 Commercial real estate 1,376 1,349,784 1,351,160 2,572 1,052,469 1,055,041 Agricultural and agricultural real estate — 31,010 31,010 — 1,242 1,242 Residential real estate 210 220,454 220,664 214 173,909 174,123 Consumer loans — 104,488 104,488 — 51,292 51,292 Total loans $ 11,736 $ 2,097,423 $ 2,109,159 $ 3,738 $ 1,466,287 $ 1,470,025 Changes in accretable yield on acquired loans with evidence of credit deterioration at the date of acquisition for the three- and six- month periods ended June 30, 2018 , and June 30, 2017 , were as follows, in thousands: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2018 2017 2018 2017 Balance at beginning of period $ — $ 136 $ 57 $ 182 Original yield discount, net, at date of acquisition 564 — 508 — Accretion (651 ) (201 ) (850 ) (374 ) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference (1) 550 166 748 293 Balance at period end $ 463 $ 101 $ 463 $ 101 (1) Represents increases in estimated cash flows expected to be received, primarily due to lower estimated credit losses. For loans acquired since January 2015, on the acquisition dates the preliminary estimate of the contractually required payments receivable for all loans with evidence of credit deterioration since origination was $36.9 million , and the estimated fair value of these loans was $21.8 million . At June 30, 2018 , a majority of these loans were valued based upon the liquidation value of the underlying collateral, because the expected cash flows are primarily based on the liquidation of such collateral, and the timing and amount of the cash flows could not be reasonably estimated. At June 30, 2018 , there was $ 672,000 of allowance recorded and $139,000 of allowance recorded at December 31, 2017, related to these ASC 310-30 loans. Provision expense of $672,000 and $1,000 was recorded for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 , and 2017 , respectively. For loans acquired since January 2015, the preliminary estimate on the acquisition dates of the contractually required payments receivable for all nonimpaired loans acquired was $3.67 billion , and the estimated fair value of the loans was $3.59 billion . |