Loans | NOTE 7. Loans The following table sets forth the classification of loans by class, including unearned fees, deferred costs and excluding the allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: (In thousands) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 SBA loans held for investment $ 40,873 $ 38,468 SBA PPP loans 2,507 5,908 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans 31,808 35,077 Commercial other 130,967 117,566 Commercial real estate 968,801 903,126 Commercial real estate construction 144,580 131,774 Residential mortgage loans 628,628 605,091 Consumer loans Home equity 65,461 68,310 Consumer other 6,728 9,854 Residential construction loans 133,450 163,457 Total loans held for investment $ 2,153,803 $ 2,078,631 SBA loans held for sale 19,387 27,928 Total loans $ 2,173,190 $ 2,106,559 Loans held for investment are stated at the unpaid principal balance, net of unearned discounts and deferred loan origination fees and costs. In accordance with the level yield method, loan origination fees, net of direct loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized over the estimated life of the related loans as an adjustment to the loan yield. Interest is credited to operations primarily based upon the principal balance outstanding. Loans are reported as past due when either interest or principal is unpaid in the following circumstances: fixed payment loans when the borrower is in arrears for two or more monthly payments; open end credit for two or more billing cycles; and single payment notes if interest or principal remains unpaid for 30 days or more. Loans are charged off when collection is sufficiently questionable and when the Company can no longer justify maintaining the loan as an asset on the balance sheet. Loans qualify for charge-off when, after thorough analysis, all possible sources of repayment are insufficient. These include: 1) potential future cash flows, 2) value of collateral and/or 3) strength of co-makers and guarantors. All unsecured loans are charged off upon the establishment of the loan’s nonaccrual status. Additionally, all loans classified as a loss or that portion of the loan classified as a loss is charged off. Loans are made to individuals as well as commercial entities. Specific loan terms vary as to interest rate, repayment and collateral requirements based on the type of loan requested and the credit worthiness of the prospective borrower. Credit risk tends to be geographically concentrated in that a majority of the loan customers are located in the markets serviced by the Bank. Loan performance may be adversely affected by factors impacting the general economy or conditions specific to the real estate market such as geographic location and/or property type. A description of the Company’s different loan segments follows: Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Loans: Loans held for sale represent the guaranteed portion of SBA loans and are reflected at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. When sales of SBA loans do occur, the premium received on the sale and the present value of future cash flows of the servicing assets are recognized in income. All criteria for sale accounting must be met in order for the loan sales to occur. Servicing assets represent the estimated fair value of retained servicing rights, net of servicing costs, at the time loans are sold. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues. Impairment is evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term. Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. Serviced loans sold to others are not included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income and fees collected for loan servicing are credited to noninterest income when earned, net of amortization on the related servicing assets. Commercial Loans: Residential Mortgage, Consumer and Residential Construction Loans: Inherent in the lending function is credit risk, which is the possibility a borrower may not perform in accordance with the contractual terms of their loan. A borrower’s inability to pay their obligations according to the contractual terms can create the risk of past due loans and, ultimately, credit losses, especially on collateral deficient loans. The Company minimizes its credit risk by loan diversification and adhering to credit administration policies and procedures. Due diligence on loans begins when the Company initiates contact regarding a loan with a borrower. Documentation, including a borrower’s credit history, materials establishing the value and liquidity of potential collateral, the purpose of the loan, the source of funds for repayment of the loan and other factors, are analyzed before a loan is submitted for approval. The commercial loan portfolio is then subject to on-going internal reviews for credit quality which in part is derived from ongoing collection and review of borrowers’ financial information, as well as independent credit reviews by an outside firm. The Company’s extension of credit is governed by the Credit Risk Policy which was established to control the quality of the Company’s loans. This policy and the underlying procedures are reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors on a regular basis. Credit Ratings The Company places all SBA and commercial loans into various credit risk rating categories based on an assessment of the expected ability of the borrowers to properly service their debt. The assessment considers numerous factors including, but not limited to, current financial information on the borrower, historical payment experience, strength of any guarantor, nature of and value of any collateral, acceptability of the loan structure and documentation, relevant public information and current economic trends. This credit risk rating analysis is performed when the loan is initially underwritten and then annually based on set criteria in the loan policy. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for criticized and classified risk ratings: Pass: Special Mention: Substandard: Loss: These loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values. Once a borrower is deemed incapable of repayment of unsecured debt, the loan is termed a “Loss” and charged off immediately. For residential mortgage, consumer and residential construction loans, management uses performing versus nonperforming as the best indicator of credit quality. Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt. These credit quality indicators are updated on an ongoing basis, as a loan is placed on nonaccrual status as soon as management believes there is sufficient doubt as to the ultimate ability to collect interest on a loan. At September 30, 2023, the Company owned $0.3 million in commercial properties that were included in Prepaid expenses and other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, compared to none at December 31, 2022. Additionally, there were $12.5 million in loans in the process of foreclosure at September 30, 2023, compared to $2.1 million at December 31, 2022. At September 30, 2023, foreclosures in process included loans in the Commercial, SBA, Residential mortgage, Residential construction and Home equity categories. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Nonaccrual loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt. When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals are discontinued and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period earnings. Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income. Loans may be returned to an accrual status when the ability to collect is reasonably assured and when the loan is brought current as to principal and interest. The risk of loss is difficult to quantify and is subject to fluctuations in collateral values, general economic conditions and other factors. The Company values its collateral through the use of appraisals, broker price opinions and knowledge of its local market. The following tables set forth an aging analysis of past due and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 90+ days 30 ‑ 59 days 60 ‑ 89 days and still Total past (In thousands) past due past due accruing Nonaccrual due Current Total loans SBA loans held for investment $ 4,083 $ 420 $ — $ 3,445 $ 7,948 $ 32,925 $ 40,873 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans — — — — — 31,808 31,808 Commercial other — — — 668 668 130,299 130,967 Commercial real estate 553 — — 82 635 968,166 968,801 Commercial real estate construction — — — — — 144,580 144,580 Residential mortgage loans 4,961 3,347 260 10,270 18,838 609,790 628,628 Consumer loans Home equity 286 15 — 125 426 65,035 65,461 Consumer other 1,319 52 5 — 1,376 5,352 6,728 Residential construction loans — — — 3,201 3,201 130,249 133,450 Total loans held for investment, excluding SBA PPP 11,202 3,834 265 17,791 33,092 2,118,204 2,151,296 SBA loans held for sale 815 — — — 815 18,572 19,387 Total loans, excluding SBA PPP $ 12,017 $ 3,834 $ 265 $ 17,791 $ 33,907 $ 2,136,776 $ 2,170,683 December 31, 2022 90+ days 30 ‑ 59 days 60 ‑ 89 days and still Total past (In thousands) past due past due accruing Nonaccrual due Current Total loans SBA loans held for investment $ — $ 576 $ — $ 690 $ 1,266 $ 37,202 $ 38,468 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans — — — — — 35,077 35,077 Commercial other 198 300 — 777 1,275 116,291 117,566 Commercial real estate 22 188 — 805 1,015 902,111 903,126 Commercial real estate construction — — — — — 131,774 131,774 Residential mortgage loans — 982 — 3,361 4,343 600,748 605,091 Consumer loans Home equity — — — — — 68,310 68,310 Consumer other 18 7 — — 25 9,829 9,854 Residential construction loans — — — 3,432 3,432 160,025 163,457 Total loans held for investment, excluding SBA PPP 238 2,053 — 9,065 11,356 2,061,367 2,072,723 SBA loans held for sale 2,195 — — — 2,195 25,733 27,928 Total loans, excluding SBA PPP $ 2,433 $ 2,053 $ — $ 9,065 $ 13,551 $ 2,087,100 $ 2,100,651 The Company is using the practical expedient The following table shows the internal loan classification risk by loan portfolio classification by origination year as of September 30, 2023: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 and Earlier Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total SBA loans held for investment Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,057 $ 7,113 $ 5,151 $ 6,131 $ 2,669 $ 11,334 $ - $ 33,455 Special Mention - 1,797 - 510 - 778 - 3,085 Substandard - 1,256 2,225 190 - 662 - 4,333 Total SBA loans held for investment $ 1,057 $ 10,166 $ 7,376 $ 6,831 $ 2,669 $ 12,774 $ - $ 40,873 SBA loans held for investment Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ 100 $ - $ - $ 113 $ - $ - $ 213 SBA PPP loans Risk Rating: Pass $ - $ - $ 2,507 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2,507 Special Mention - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - - - - - - Total SBA PPP loans $ - $ - $ 2,507 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2,507 Commercial loans Risk Rating: Pass $ 101,748 $ 358,414 $ 186,930 $ 136,850 $ 102,312 $ 278,861 $ 95,372 $ 1,260,487 Special Mention - 82 212 - 1,727 10,307 645 12,973 Substandard - - - 236 - 2,460 - 2,696 Total commercial loans $ 101,748 $ 358,496 $ 187,142 $ 137,086 $ 104,039 $ 291,628 $ 96,017 $ 1,276,156 Commercial loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ 150 $ - $ 350 $ - $ - $ 500 Residential mortgage loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 83,675 $ 259,430 $ 73,961 $ 52,432 $ 32,944 $ 115,498 $ - $ 617,940 Nonperforming 5,032 2,174 550 1,055 276 1,601 - 10,688 Total residential mortgage loans $ 88,707 $ 261,604 $ 74,511 $ 53,487 $ 33,220 $ 117,099 $ - $ 628,628 Consumer loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 3,041 $ 5,103 $ 4,450 $ 696 $ 2,589 $ 8,045 $ 47,875 $ 71,799 Nonperforming - - - - - - 390 390 Total consumer loans $ 3,041 $ 5,103 $ 4,450 $ 696 $ 2,589 $ 8,045 $ 48,265 $ 72,189 Consumer loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ 397 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 397 Residential construction Risk Rating: Performing $ 20,697 $ 72,544 $ 34,165 $ 1,550 $ 500 $ 732 $ - $ 130,188 Nonperforming - - 377 547 - 1,303 1,035 3,262 Total residential construction loans $ 20,697 $ 72,544 $ 34,542 $ 2,097 $ 500 $ 2,035 $ 1,035 $ 133,450 Residential construction Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 500 $ 400 $ 900 Total loans held for investment $ 215,250 $ 707,913 $ 310,528 $ 200,197 $ 143,017 $ 431,581 $ 145,317 $ 2,153,803 The tables below detail the Company’s loan portfolio by class according to their credit quality indicators discussed in the paragraphs above as of December 31, 2022: December 31, 2022 SBA & Commercial loans - Internal risk ratings (In thousands) Pass Special mention Substandard Total SBA loans held for investment $ 37,163 $ 558 $ 747 $ 38,468 SBA PPP loans 5,908 — — 5,908 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans 35,077 — — 35,077 Commercial other 110,107 6,220 1,239 117,566 Commercial real estate 894,110 6,228 2,788 903,126 Commercial real estate construction 131,774 — — 131,774 Total commercial loans 1,171,068 12,448 4,027 1,187,543 Total SBA and commercial loans $ 1,214,139 $ 13,006 $ 4,774 $ 1,231,919 Residential mortgage, Consumer & Residential construction loans - Performing/Nonperforming (In thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total Residential mortgage loans $ 601,730 $ 3,361 $ 605,091 Consumer loans Home equity 68,310 — 68,310 Consumer other 9,854 — 9,854 Total consumer loans 78,164 — 78,164 Residential construction loans 160,025 3,432 163,457 Total residential mortgage, consumer and residential construction loans $ 839,919 $ 6,793 $ 846,712 Modifications The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon asset origination or acquisition. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses because of the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. Occasionally, the Company modifies loans by providing principal forgiveness on certain of its real estate loans. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Company will modify a certain loan by providing multiple types of concessions. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. The following table shows the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of gross loans and type of concession granted (numbers in thousands) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023: Term Extension Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of September 30, 2023 Gross Loans Commercial $ 952 0.1 % Principal Forgiveness/Deferment Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of September 30, 2023 Gross Loans SBA $ 9 0.0 % Modifications for the year made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty added a weighted average of 7.7 years to the life of the modified loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers. Upon the Company's determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or portion of the loan) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount. No loans that were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 had a payment default during the period and all loans were current as of September 30, 2023. |