Loans | NOTE 7. Loans The following table sets forth the classification of loans by class, including unearned fees, deferred costs and excluding the allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: (In thousands) March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 SBA loans held for investment $ 39,009 $ 38,584 SBA PPP loans 2,168 2,318 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans 38,128 33,669 Commercial & industrial 133,409 128,402 Commercial real estate 977,437 986,230 Commercial real estate construction 142,345 129,159 Residential mortgage loans 627,464 631,506 Consumer loans Home equity 67,448 67,037 Consumer other 4,827 5,639 Residential construction loans 123,783 131,277 Total loans held for investment $ 2,156,018 $ 2,153,821 SBA loans held for sale 18,439 18,242 Total loans $ 2,174,457 $ 2,172,063 Loans are made to individuals and commercial entities. Specific loan terms vary as to interest rate, repayment and collateral requirements based on the type of loan requested and the credit worthiness of the prospective borrower. Credit risk tends to be geographically concentrated in that a majority of the loan customers are located in the markets serviced by the Bank. Loan performance may be adversely affected by factors impacting the general economy or conditions specific to the real estate market such as geographic location and/or property type. A description of the Company’s different loan segments follows: SBA Loans: Loans held for sale represent the guaranteed portion of SBA loans and are reflected at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. When sales of SBA loans do occur, the premium received on the sale and the present value of future cash flows of the servicing assets are recognized in income. All criteria for sale accounting must be met in order for the loan sales to occur. Servicing assets represent the estimated fair value of retained servicing rights, net of servicing costs, at the time loans are sold. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues. Impairment is evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term. Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. Serviced loans sold to others are not included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income and fees collected for loan servicing are credited to noninterest income when earned, net of amortization on the related servicing assets. Commercial Loans: Residential Mortgage, Consumer and Residential Construction Loans: Inherent in the lending function is credit risk, which is the possibility a borrower may not perform in accordance with the contractual terms of their loan. A borrower’s inability to pay their obligations according to the contractual terms can create the risk of past due loans and, ultimately, credit losses, especially on collateral deficient loans. The Company minimizes its credit risk by loan diversification and adhering to credit administration policies and procedures. Due diligence on loans begins when the Company initiates contact regarding a loan with a borrower. Documentation, including a borrower’s credit history, materials establishing the value and liquidity of potential collateral, the purpose of the loan, the source of funds for repayment of the loan and other factors, are analyzed before a loan is submitted for approval. The commercial loan portfolio is then subject to on-going internal reviews for credit quality which in part is derived from ongoing collection and review of borrowers’ financial information, as well as independent credit reviews by an outside firm. The Company’s extension of credit is governed by the Credit Risk Policy which was established to control the quality of the Company’s loans. This policy and the underlying procedures are reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors on a regular basis. Credit Ratings The Company places all SBA, commercial and residential construction loans into various credit risk rating categories based on an assessment of the expected ability of the borrowers to properly service their debt. The assessment considers numerous factors including, but not limited to, current financial information on the borrower, historical payment experience, strength of any guarantor, nature of and value of any collateral, acceptability of the loan structure and documentation, relevant public information and current economic trends. This credit risk rating analysis is performed when the loan is initially underwritten and then annually based on set criteria in the loan policy. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for criticized and classified risk ratings: Pass: Special Mention: Substandard: Loss: For residential mortgage and consumer loans, management uses performing versus nonperforming as the best indicator of credit quality. Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt. These credit quality indicators are updated on an ongoing basis, as a loan is placed on nonaccrual status as soon as management believes there is sufficient doubt as to the ultimate ability to collect interest on a loan. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Nonaccrual loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest as a result of principal or interest being in default, typically for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt. When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals are discontinued and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period earnings. Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income. Loans may be returned to an accrual status when the ability to collect is reasonably assured and when the loan is brought current as to principal and interest. The risk of loss is difficult to quantify and is subject to fluctuations in collateral values, general economic conditions and other factors. The Company values its collateral through the use of appraisals, broker price opinions and knowledge of its local market. The following tables set forth an aging analysis of past due and nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: March 31, 2024 90+ days 30 ‑ 59 days 60 ‑ 89 days and still Total past (In thousands) past due past due accruing Nonaccrual due Current Total loans SBA loans held for investment $ 169 $ 275 $ 138 $ 3,542 $ 4,124 $ 34,885 $ 39,009 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans — — — — — 38,128 38,128 Commercial & industrial 321 — — 112 433 132,976 133,409 Commercial real estate 4,324 384 — 2,303 7,011 970,426 977,437 Commercial real estate construction — — — — — 142,345 142,345 Residential mortgage loans 12,178 — — 7,440 19,618 607,846 627,464 Consumer loans Home equity — — — 366 366 67,082 67,448 Consumer other 52 38 — — 90 4,737 4,827 Residential construction loans 434 — — 3,127 3,561 120,222 123,783 Total loans held for investment, excluding SBA PPP 17,478 697 138 16,890 35,203 2,118,647 2,153,850 SBA loans held for sale 508 — — — 508 17,931 18,439 Total loans, excluding SBA PPP $ 17,986 $ 697 $ 138 $ 16,890 $ 35,711 $ 2,136,578 $ 2,172,289 December 31, 2023 90+ days 30 ‑ 59 days 60 ‑ 89 days and still Total past (In thousands) past due past due accruing Nonaccrual due Current Total loans SBA loans held for investment $ 551 $ 185 $ — $ 3,444 $ 4,180 $ 34,404 $ 38,584 Commercial loans SBA 504 loans — — — — — 33,669 33,669 Commercial & industrial 288 78 — 283 649 127,753 128,402 Commercial real estate 1,732 — — 1,665 3,397 982,833 986,230 Commercial real estate construction — — — — — 129,159 129,159 Residential mortgage loans 8,719 1,378 946 10,326 21,369 610,137 631,506 Consumer loans Home equity 14 — — 381 395 66,642 67,037 Consumer other 28 55 — — 83 5,556 5,639 Residential construction loans 2,580 — — 2,141 4,721 126,556 131,277 Total loans held for investment, excluding SBA PPP 13,912 1,696 946 18,240 34,794 2,116,709 2,151,503 SBA loans held for sale — — — — — 18,242 18,242 Total loans, excluding SBA PPP $ 13,912 $ 1,696 $ 946 $ 18,240 $ 34,794 $ 2,134,951 $ 2,169,745 The Company is using the practical expedient Individually Evaluated Loans The Company has defined individually evaluated loans to be all nonperforming loans. Management individually evaluates a loan when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract. The following tables provide detail on the Company’s loans individually evaluated in the Company’s CECL evaluation with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: March 31, 2024 Unpaid Allowance for principal Recorded Credit Losses (In thousands) balance investment Allocated With no related allowance: SBA loans held for investment $ 2,401 $ 2,323 $ — Commercial loans Commercial real estate 2,727 1,755 — Total commercial loans 2,727 1,755 — Residential mortgage loans 3,706 3,700 — Consumer loans Home equity 382 365 — Residential construction loans 547 547 — Total individually evaluated loans with no related allowance 9,763 8,690 — With an allowance: SBA loans held for investment 1,482 1,357 382 Commercial loans Commercial & industrial 718 112 112 Commercial real estate 699 548 225 Total commercial loans 1,417 660 337 Residential mortgage loans 3,772 3,740 300 Consumer loans Home equity 1 1 1 Residential construction loans 2,580 2,580 116 Total individually evaluated loans with a related allowance 9,252 8,338 1,136 Total individually evaluated loans: SBA loans held for investment 3,883 3,680 382 Commercial loans Commercial & industrial 718 112 112 Commercial real estate 3,426 2,303 225 Total commercial loans 4,144 2,415 337 Residential mortgage loans 7,478 7,440 300 Consumer loans Home equity 383 366 1 Residential construction loans 3,127 3,127 116 Total individually evaluated loans $ 19,015 $ 17,028 $ 1,136 December 31, 2023 Unpaid Allowance for principal Recorded Credit Losses (In thousands) balance investment Allocated With no related allowance: SBA loans held for investment $ 2,264 $ 2,186 $ — Commercial loans Commercial real estate 2,734 1,607 — Total commercial loans 2,734 1,607 — Residential mortgage loans 7,146 7,121 — Consumer loans Home equity 390 388 — Total consumer loans 390 388 — Residential construction loans 2,757 2,141 — Total individually evaluated loans with no related allowance 15,291 13,443 — With an allowance: SBA loans held for investment 1,383 1,258 348 Commercial loans Commercial & industrial 638 283 283 Commercial real estate 209 58 58 Total commercial loans 847 341 341 Residential mortgage loans 4,182 4,151 306 Total individually evaluated loans with a related allowance 6,412 5,750 995 Total individually evaluated loans: SBA loans held for investment 3,647 3,444 348 Commercial loans Commercial & industrial 638 283 283 Commercial real estate 2,943 1,665 58 Total commercial loans 3,581 1,948 341 Residential mortgage loans 11,328 11,272 306 Consumer loans Home equity 390 388 — Total consumer loans 390 388 — Residential construction loans 2,757 2,141 — Total individually evaluated loans $ 21,703 $ 19,193 $ 995 The following tables show the internal loan classification risk by loan portfolio classification by origination year as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year, March 31, 2024 (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 and Earlier Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total SBA loans held for investment Risk Rating: Pass $ 964 $ 1,878 $ 5,241 $ 4,843 $ 5,778 $ 13,240 $ - $ 31,944 Special Mention - - 1,836 356 510 170 - 2,872 Substandard - - 1,256 2,186 176 575 - 4,193 Total SBA loans held for investment $ 964 $ 1,878 $ 8,333 $ 7,385 $ 6,464 $ 13,985 $ - $ 39,009 SBA PPP loans Risk Rating: Pass $ - $ - $ - $ 2,168 $ - $ - $ - $ 2,168 Total SBA PPP loans $ - $ - $ - $ 2,168 $ - $ - $ - $ 2,168 Commercial loans Risk Rating: Pass $ 14,828 $ 152,337 $ 336,287 $ 180,893 $ 126,845 $ 365,085 $ 103,292 $ 1,279,567 Special Mention - - 490 1,464 - 6,431 395 8,780 Substandard - - - 137 9 2,826 - 2,972 Total commercial loans $ 14,828 $ 152,337 $ 336,777 $ 182,494 $ 126,854 $ 374,342 $ 103,687 $ 1,291,319 Commercial loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 98 $ - $ 98 Residential mortgage loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 23,064 $ 85,980 $ 249,423 $ 70,123 $ 48,833 $ 142,601 $ - $ 620,024 Nonperforming - - 1,665 2,382 259 3,134 - 7,440 Total residential mortgage loans $ 23,064 $ 85,980 $ 251,088 $ 72,505 $ 49,092 $ 145,735 $ - $ 627,464 Consumer loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 693 $ 2,973 $ 4,400 $ 3,035 $ 644 $ 11,255 $ 48,908 $ 71,908 Nonperforming - - - - 109 1 257 367 Total consumer loans $ 693 $ 2,973 $ 4,400 $ 3,035 $ 753 $ 11,256 $ 49,165 $ 72,275 Consumer loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ 21 $ 49 $ - $ - $ - $ 70 Residential construction Risk Rating: Pass $ 6,595 $ 34,782 $ 64,368 $ 12,511 $ 1,418 $ - $ - $ 119,674 Special Mention - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - 2,580 547 982 - 4,109 Total residential construction loans $ 6,595 $ 34,782 $ 64,368 $ 15,091 $ 1,965 $ 982 $ - $ 123,783 Residential construction Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 277 $ - $ 277 Total loans held for investment $ 46,144 $ 277,950 $ 664,966 $ 282,678 $ 185,128 $ 546,300 $ 152,852 $ 2,156,018 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year, December 31, 2023 (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 and Earlier Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total SBA loans held for investment Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,938 $ 5,339 $ 4,723 $ 6,083 $ 2,634 $ 10,996 $ - $ 31,713 Special Mention - 1,765 356 510 - 31 - 2,662 Substandard - 1,256 2,186 190 - 577 - 4,209 Total SBA loans held for investment $ 1,938 $ 8,360 $ 7,265 $ 6,783 $ 2,634 $ 11,604 $ - $ 38,584 SBA loans held for investment Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ 100 $ - $ - $ 113 $ - $ - $ 213 SBA PPP loans Risk Rating: Pass $ - $ - $ 2,318 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2,318 Total SBA PPP loans $ - $ - $ 2,318 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2,318 Commercial loans Risk Rating: Pass $ 139,622 $ 343,755 $ 181,419 $ 128,165 $ 101,274 $ 271,469 $ 96,988 $ 1,262,692 Special Mention - - 1,815 - 1,570 7,423 395 11,203 Substandard - - 59 14 288 3,204 - 3,565 Total commercial loans $ 139,622 $ 343,755 $ 183,293 $ 128,179 $ 103,132 $ 282,096 $ 97,383 $ 1,277,460 Commercial loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ 150 $ - $ 350 $ 252 $ - $ 752 Residential mortgage loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 102,892 $ 253,919 $ 72,586 $ 51,999 $ 30,482 $ 109,302 $ - $ 621,180 Nonperforming - 2,964 2,714 1,054 945 2,649 - 10,326 Total residential mortgage loans $ 102,892 $ 256,883 $ 75,300 $ 53,053 $ 31,427 $ 111,951 $ - $ 631,506 Residential mortgage loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ 25 $ - $ - $ 68 $ - $ 93 Consumer loans Risk Rating: Performing $ 3,428 $ 4,777 $ 3,681 $ 670 $ 2,481 $ 7,507 $ 49,751 $ 72,295 Nonperforming - - - 125 - 256 - 381 Total consumer loans $ 3,428 $ 4,777 $ 3,681 $ 795 $ 2,481 $ 7,763 $ 49,751 $ 72,676 Consumer loans Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ 26 $ 552 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 578 Residential construction Risk Rating: Performing $ 28,827 $ 72,257 $ 25,395 $ 1,418 $ 491 $ 748 $ - $ 129,136 Nonperforming - - - 547 - 1,594 - 2,141 Total residential construction loans $ 28,827 $ 72,257 $ 25,395 $ 1,965 $ 491 $ 2,342 $ - $ 131,277 Residential construction Current-period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 600 $ 400 $ 1,000 Total loans held for investment $ 276,707 $ 686,032 $ 297,252 $ 190,775 $ 140,165 $ 415,756 $ 147,134 $ 2,153,821 Modifications The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon asset origination or acquisition. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses because of the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. Occasionally, the Company modifies loans by providing principal forgiveness on certain of its real estate loans. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Company will modify a certain loan by providing multiple types of concessions. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. The following table shows the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of gross loans and type of concession granted (numbers in thousands) during the twelve months ended March 31, 2024: Principal Payment Term (In thousands) Forgiveness Delay Extension SBA loans held for investment $ 8 $ 99 $ — Commercial loans Commercial & industrial — — 813 Commercial real estate — 2,619 — Consumer loans Home equity — — 2,309 Balance, March 31, 2024 $ 8 $ 2,718 $ 3,122 Upon the Company's determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or portion of the loan) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount. No loans that were modified during the twelve months ended March 31, 2024 had a payment default during the period and all loans were current as of March 31, 2024. |