the Company’s customers and partners. Revenue from consulting services are typically recognized as services are performed. Maintenance fees relating to technical support and upgrades are recognized ratably over the maintenance period.
The Company believes that customers’ requirements to successfully accommodate more registered visitors to their websites after they have “ gone live,” been deployed, has resulted in a continued increase in deployment license revenues. During the quarter ended September 30, 2000, the Company signed license agreements with 142 new customers (115 end-user customers and 27 partner organizations) as compared to 72 new customers (56 end users and 16 partner organizations) for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. The Company signed license agreements with 413 new customers (353 end-user organizations and 60 partner organizations) for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 as compared to 180 new licensed customers (140 end-users and 40 partner organizations) for the nine months ended September 30, 1999. As of September 30, 2000, the Company had a total installed base of 879 end-user customers and 183 partners as compared to 415 end-user customers and 123 partners as of December 31, 1999 and 335 end-user customers and 115 partners as of September 30, 1999.
Total services revenues increased 339% during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $47.8 million as compared to $10.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, services revenues increased 335% to $107.1 million as compared to $24.6 million for the comparable period during 1999.
The increase in professional services revenue is a result of higher levels of consulting related services associated with increased business volumes and higher customer support revenues derived from a larger installed customer base. Maintenance related fees for technical support and product upgrades were $12.8 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2000 as compared to $3.6 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. Maintenance related fees were $29.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 as compared to $8.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 1999. The Company also experienced increases in services and maintenance revenues as a result of the Interleaf acquisition. During fiscal 2000, the Company expanded its corporate training facilities by building new training centers in Chicago, Illinois, the United Kingdom and Taipei, Taiwan.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of license revenues include the costs of product media, duplication, packaging and other manufacturing costs as well as royalties payable to third parties for software that is either embedded in, or bundled and sold with, the Company’s products.
Cost of services consists primarily of employee-related costs, third-party consultant fees incurred on consulting projects, post-contract customer support and instructional training services.
A summary of the cost of revenues for the periods presented is as follows:
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
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Cost of software licenses (1) | | $ | 1,395 | | | 2 | % | $ | 676 | | | 4 | % | $ | 5,021 | | | 3 | % | $ | 2,460 | | | 5 | % |
Cost of services (2) | | | 34,015 | | | 71 | | | 7,241 | | | 67 | | | 79,971 | | | 75 | | | 15,186 | | | 62 | |
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Total cost of revenues (3) | | $ | 35,410 | | | 29 | % | $ | 7,917 | | | 27 | % | $ | 84,992 | | | 31 | % | $ | 17,646 | | | 25 | % |
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Cost of software licenses increased 100% in absolute dollar terms during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $1.4 million as compared to $0.7 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, cost of software licenses increased 100% to $5.0 million as compared to $2.5 million for the comparable period during 1999.
In absolute dollar terms, the increases in cost of software licenses in both comparative periods were principally a result of increased sales of the Company’s products and of royalty-bearing third party products. In relative percentage terms, cost of software licenses decreased principally as a result of the Company renegotiating the royalty provisions of agreements with three software suppliers from per copy royalties to fixed fee prepaid license fees.
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Cost of services increased 372% during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $34.0 million as compared to $7.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, cost of services increased 426% to $80.0 million as compared to $15.2 million for the comparable period during 1999.
In absolute dollar terms, the increases in cost of services in both comparative periods were a result of higher business volumes as evidenced by increased services revenues. Overall costs increased as a result of additions to the Company’s professional services staff and the employment of outside consultants to meet short-term consulting demands. As a percentage of services revenue, the increase in cost of services is a result of hiring new employees within WPSO who do not generate revenue during their internal training period and higher use of outside consultants in relation to the extent previously used during the prior year period.
Operating Expenses and Other Income, net
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries, employee-related benefit costs and consulting fees incurred in association with the development of the Company’s products. Costs incurred for the research and development of new software products are expensed as incurred until such time that technological feasibility, in the form of a working model, is established at which time such costs are capitalized and recorded at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. The costs incurred by the Company subsequent to the establishment of a working model but prior to general release of the product have not been significant. To date, the Company has not capitalized any software development costs.
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, employee-related benefit costs, commissions and other incentive compensation, travel and entertainment and marketing program related expenditures such as collateral materials, trade shows, public relations, advertising and creative services).
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries, employee-related benefit costs and professional service fees.
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
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Research and development | | $ | 14,988 | | | 12 | % | $ | 3,816 | | | 13 | % | $ | 30,453 | | | 11 | % | $ | 9,986 | | | 14 | % |
Sales and marketing | | | 43,799 | | | 36 | | | 12,136 | | | 41 | | | 102,569 | | | 37 | | | 29,819 | | | 42 | |
General and administrative | | | 8,198 | | | 7 | | | 2,119 | | | 7 | | | 18,542 | | | 7 | | | 5,001 | | | 7 | |
Goodwill and intangible amortization | | | 66,308 | | | 55 | | | — | | | — | | | 121,712 | | | 44 | | | — | | | — | |
Charge for acquired in-process technology | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 10,100 | | | 4 | | | — | | | — | |
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Total Operating Expenses | | $ | 133,293 | | | 110 | % | $ | 18,071 | | | 61 | % | $ | 283,376 | | | 103 | % | $ | 44,806 | | | 63 | % |
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Research and development expenses increased 295% during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $15.0 million as compared to $3.8 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, research and development expenses increased 205% to $30.5 million as compared to $10.0 million for the comparable period during 1999. The increase in research and development expenses is primarily attributable to increased personnel, as a result of additional hires as well as employees acquired in the Interleaf transaction, involved in the enhancement of existing applications and the development of the Company’s next generation of products. The Company expects research and development expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollar terms.
Sales and marketing expenses increased 262% during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $43.8 million as compared to $12.1 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, sales and marketing expenses increased 244% to $102.6 million as compared to $29.8 million for the comparable period during 1999. The increases in sales and marketing expenses reflect the cost of increased sales and marketing personnel from additional hires as well as employees acquired in the Interleaf transaction, increased sales commissions paid on the greater sales levels, expenditures made to develop and expand sales
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distribution channels, and costs incurred for increased promotional activities and marketing related programs. The Company expects sales and marketing expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollar terms.
General and administrative expenses increased 290% during the current quarter ended September 30, 2000 to $8.2 million as compared to $2.1 million for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, general and administrative expenses increased 270% to $18.5 million as compared to $5.0 million for the comparable period during 1999. The increase in general and administrative expenses is attributable to additional administrative and management personnel as a result of additional hires and employees acquired in the Interleaf transaction, higher professional fees and additional infrastructure to support the expansion of the Company’s operations. The Company expects general and administrative expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollar terms.
Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles. As described in Note 5 in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above, the Company acquired Interleaf in the quarter ended June 30, 2000. The Company has accounted for the acquisition as a purchase business combination. As a result of this transaction, the Company had recorded goodwill and other intangible assets on the balance sheet of $796.0 million. Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles assets related to the Interleaf acquisition was $66.3 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2000 and $121.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The remaining $674.4 million of goodwill and other intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis through the quarter ended June 30, 2003.
In-Process Technology. In connection with the Interleaf acquisition, the Company recorded a charge of $10.1 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2000. Based upon the Company’s estimates prepared in conjunction with a third-party valuation consultant, $10.1 million was allocated to Acquired In-Process Technology and $796.0 million was allocated to goodwill and intangible assets. The amounts allocated to intangible assets include completed technologies of $20.4 million and assembled workforces of $8.5 million. The Company used the cost approach to estimate the value of the assembled workforce and the income approach to estimate the value of the business and technology projects acquired. The income approach takes into consideration the expected future cash flows attributable to the technology projects and discounts these cash flows to present value at a rate that appropriately reflects their risk. The value assigned to in-process technology was the amount attributable to the efforts of Interleaf up to the time of acquisition. This amount was estimated through application of the “stage of completion” calculation by multiplying the estimated present value of future cash flows, excluding costs of completion, by the percentage of completion of the purchased technology projects at the time of acquisition. Based upon these estimates, material net cash flows from the acquired business are expected to occur during the calendar year 2000. The cash flows for the completed and in-process technologies were discounted using discount rates of 15% to 35%.
The fair market value of the technologies acquired have been grouped in three classifications. Completed Technology represents technology that has successfully completed final Beta test. In-Process Technology represents technology that, as of the valuation date, has not yet entered Beta test or has commenced but not yet successfully completed final Beta test and has no alternative future use. Core Technology is technology that is being used in not only the current products and in-process technology projects, but also in future, not yet defined projects. Completed technologies are defined as those that have reached technological feasibility. The Company defines technological feasibility as the point at which the technologies have successfully completed Beta test.
The Completed Technologies include projects that enable companies to create, manage and deliver e-content for web enabled applications, using XML as its technology backbone and Microsoft Word for content creation. These projects also enable companies to manage XML and non-XML documents throughout their lifecycle in one integrated system.
The In-Process Technologies include a project to develop a version of current software which will run on a Unix-based operating system. As of the valuation date, the development of this project was approximately 34% complete and there was significant technological risk remaining. Another In-Process Technology project is an upgrade to an existing product that will take into account new W3C standards being developed for XML and will provide the capability for a user to author and create documents for a specific output device. As of the valuation date, this project was approximately 6% complete. This technology is not expected to reach technological feasibility until December of fiscal 2000. A third In-Process Technology project is being developed to provide a new, cost-effective means for a website to deliver content both to full-function personal computers and to
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reduced-function devices such as wireless telephones and wireless personal digital assistants. As of the valuation date, this project was approximately 57% complete.
Core Technology encompasses both leveraged code and general technological know-how, experience and expertise regarding the design, manufacture and development of content management technology in existing products. It is therefore not appropriate to consider the value of the Core Technology to be part of the estimated value of In-Process Technology. Thus, the value of the In-Process Technology has been isolated by allocating a portion of the cash flow to this Core Technology that gives full recognition to its contribution.
As noted above, the income forecast method was used to value the business and technology projects acquired. The value of the acquired In-Process Technology and the Completed Technologies was estimated by discounting to present value the free cash flows generated by the products with which the technologies are associated over the remaining economic lives of the technologies. Discount rates used ranged from 15% to 35% and were based upon the relative risk associated with the completed technologies and the incomplete development projects and upon considerations such as stage of completion, remaining development milestones, technological uncertainties and projected cost to complete. The Company believes that these discount rates are consistent with the overall costs of capital and the relative risks of the completed technologies and the research and development project. The Company has valued the In-Process Technology using the “Percentage Completion Approach” as suggested by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. This approach varies from the traditional discounted cash flow approach that is used to value In-Process Technology. The Percentage Completion Approach does not include completion costs in the discounted cash flow analysis and the present value of future cash flows is multiplied by the estimated percentage complete as of the valuation date to determine the value of the acquired In-Process Technology.
The cost approach was utilized to value the assembled workforce. This approach considers the concept of avoided costs as an indicator of value and is an appropriate method for estimating the fair market value of an asset where reliable data for sales of comparable property are not available and where the property does not directly produce an income stream. The basis of the valuation is the estimated cost to recruit and train the new work force.
As part of the Purchase and Sale Agreement and the closing compilation documents, Non-Compete Agreements (the “Agreements”) were executed with certain Interleaf employees. No value of the aggregate purchase price was allocated to the Agreements based upon numerous facts and circumstances such as the likelihood of employees leaving the Company and the effect on the performance of the Company these employees would have should they leave the Company and were not barred from competing.
Income Taxes
During the quarter ended September 30, 2000, the Company recognized tax expense of $8.6 million for an effective tax rate of approximately 39%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000, the Company recognized tax expense of $21.8 million for an effective tax rate of approximately 39%. Due to the Company’s continuing trend of positive earnings, the Company has utilized a significant portion of its net operating loss carryforwards and as a result, the Company’s effective tax rate is similar to its statutory rate.
Litigation Settlement
On February 22, 2000, the Company reached a settlement agreement and entered into a license agreement with Art Technology Group (“ATG”) in connection with the lawsuit filed by the Company on December 11, 1998 against ATG alleging infringement of the Company’s U.S. Patent No. 5,710,887. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company granted ATG a nonexclusive, nontransferable, worldwide, perpetual license and was paid $8.0 million by ATG at the effective date of the settlement and has begun to receive a total of $7.0 million payable in quarterly installments commencing February 24, 2000 (four consecutive quarterly payments of $750,000 during 2000 and eight consecutive quarterly payments of $500,000 during 2001 and 2002).
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
| | September 30, 2000 | | December 31, 1999 | |
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Cash, cash equivalents and liquid short-term investments | | $ | 266,927 | | $ | 348,581 | |
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Working capital | | $ | 262,843 | | $ | 324,156 | |
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Working capital ratio | | | 3.4 : 1 | | | 6.8 : 1 | |
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At September 30, 2000, the Company had $266.9 million of cash, cash equivalents and liquid short-term investments, which represents a decrease of $81.7 million as compared to December 31, 1999. The Company currently has no significant capital commitments other than obligations under operating leases and $ 5.1 million of outstanding term debt under its existing credit facility with a commercial bank.
Cash provided by operating activities was $ 45.1 million and $18.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Cash used for investing activities was $ 195.0 million and $35.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 and 1999, respectively, and was primarily for capital expenditures and purchase of short-term and long-term investments. Cash provided by financing activities was $ 26.5 million and $9.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 and 1999, respectively, and consists primarily of proceeds from the issuance of common stock.
The Company believes that its available cash and short-term investment resources, cash generated from operations and amounts available under its commercial credit facilities will be sufficient to meet its expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. This estimate is a forward-looking statement that involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results may vary as a result of a number of factors, including those discussed under “Factors Affecting Quarterly Operating Results” below and elsewhere herein. The Company may need to raise additional funds in order to support more rapid expansion, develop new or enhanced services, respond to competitive pressures, acquire complementary businesses or technologies or respond to unanticipated requirements. The Company may seek to raise additional funds through private or public sales of securities, strategic relationships, bank debt, financing under leasing arrangements or otherwise. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of the stockholders of the Company will be reduced, stockholders may experience additional dilution or such equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of the Company’s common stock. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, the Company may be unable to develop or enhance its products, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and operating results.
Factors Affecting Quarterly Operating Results
The Company may experience significant fluctuations in quarterly operating results that may be caused by many factors including, but not limited to, those discussed below and herein, as set out in Items 7 and 7A in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999 and elsewhere therein and as disclosed in other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Significant fluctuations in future quarterly operating results may be caused by many factors including, among others, the timing of introductions or enhancements of products and services by the Company or its competitors, market acceptance of new products, the mix of the Company’s products sold, changes in pricing policies by the Company or its competitors, the ability of the Company to retain customers, changes in the Company’s sales incentive plans, budgeting cycles of its customers, customer order deferrals in anticipation of new products or enhancements by the Company or its competitors, nonrenewal of service agreements (which generally automatically renew for one year terms unless earlier terminated by either party upon 90-days notice), product life cycles, changes in strategy, seasonal trends, the mix of distribution channels through which the Company’s products are sold, the mix of international and domestic sales, the rate at which new sales people become productive, changes in the level of operating expenses to support projected growth and general economic conditions. The Company anticipates that a significant portion of its revenues will be derived from a limited number of orders, and the timing of receipt and
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fulfillment of any such orders is expected to cause material fluctuations in the Company’s operating results, particularly on a quarterly basis. Due to the foregoing factors, quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to forecast, and the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its operating results will not necessarily be meaningful and should not be relied upon as any indication of future performance.
It is likely that the Company’s future quarterly operating results from time to time will not meet the expectations of market analysts or investors, which may have an adverse effect on the price of the Company’s common stock. The Company anticipates that its operating expenses will continue to be substantial in relation to total revenues as it continues the development of its technology, increases its sales and marketing activities, creates and expands its distribution channels, grows its professional services organization and implements the administrative infrastructure to support those operations.
Some of these risks and uncertainties relate to the new and rapidly evolving nature of the markets in which the Company operates. These related market risks include, among other things, the early stage of the developing online commerce market, the dependence of online commerce on the development of the Internet and its related infrastructure, the uncertainty pertaining to widespread adoption of online commerce and the risk of government regulation of the Internet. Other risks and uncertainties facing the Company relate to the Company’s ability to, among other things, successfully implement its marketing strategies, respond to competitive developments, continue to develop and upgrade its products and technologies more rapidly than its competitors, and commercialize its products and services by incorporating these enhanced technologies. There can be no assurance that the Company will succeed in addressing any or all of these risks.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to its investment portfolio. The Company had no derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2000 or December 31, 1999. The Company invests in instruments that meet high credit quality standards and the amount of credit exposure to any one issue, issuer and type of instrument is limited. The Company does not expect any material loss with respect to the investment portfolio. The Company’s financial instrument holdings as of September 30, 2000 were analyzed to determine their sensitivity to interest rate changes. In the sensitivity analysis, the Company assumed an adverse change in interest rates of 250 basis points and the potential effect on the financial statements was not material.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the twelve months ended September 30, 2000 and as described below, the Company sold securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Each of these sales was intended to be exempt from the registration and prospectus delivery requirements under the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof due to, among other things, (i) the limited number of persons to whom the securities were issued, (ii) the distribution of disclosure documents to the investor, (iii) the fact that such person represented and warranted to the Company, among other things, that such person was acquiring the securities for investment only and not with a view to the resale or distribution thereof, (iv) with respect to the warrants described in (A) and (C) below, the fact that such warrants included a statement to the effect that such warrant had not been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws and could not be sold or transferred in the absence of such registration or an exemption therefrom and (v) with respect to the Common Stock described in (B) below, that a certificate representing the Common Stock was issued with a legend that such Common Stock had not been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws and could not be sold or transferred in the absence of such registration or an exemption therefrom.
(A) In November 1999, in connection with General Electric Company (“GE”) entering into a Master License Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with the Company, the Company issued a warrant to GE for that number of shares of its Common Stock as would result in a market value of such warrant equal to $125,000 using a Black-Scholes valuation model, on the date that GE purchased and the Company recognized revenue for $1.0 million in cumulative net license fees under the License Agreement, which date had to be on or before the one year anniversary of the signing of the License Agreement (the “Determination Date”). The parties have agreed that the Determination Date is February 1, 2000 and that the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the warrant is 5,588 with an exercise price per share of $48.44. The exercise period for the warrant began on the Determination Date and expires on February 1, 2002.
(B) In May 2000, the Company exchanged equity securities worth $3.0 million with netalone.com. The Company issued to netalone.com 76,665 shares of its Common Stock in exchange for the receipt from netalone.com of 23,366,700 shares of its Common Stock.
(C) In September 2000, in connection with Compaq Computer Corporation (“Compaq”) entering into a master marketing and license agreement with the Company, the Company issued a warrant to Compaq for 43,478 shares of its Common Stock with an exercise price of $34.50 per share. The exercise period for the warrant began on September 1, 2000 and expires on September 1, 2005.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Item 5. Other Information
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Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
Item | Description |
27 | Financial Data Schedule |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | BROADVISION, INC.
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Date: November 14, 2000 | | By: | /s/ Pehong Chen |
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| | | Pehong Chen President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
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Date: November 14, 2000 | | By: | /s/ Randall C. Bolten |
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| | | Randall C. Bolten Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |