LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The composition of the loan portfolio follows: (in thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 851,869 $ 879,800 Nonowner occupied 271,829 264,780 Commercial real estate 1,344,394 1,349,085 Construction & land development 102,113 98,674 Commercial & industrial 312,537 325,596 Paycheck Protection Program 383,311 392,319 Lease financing receivables 9,930 10,130 Aircraft 106,081 101,375 Home equity 226,280 240,640 Consumer: Credit cards 14,200 14,196 Overdrafts 474 587 Automobile loans 25,624 30,300 Other consumer 7,325 8,167 Total Traditional Banking 3,655,967 3,715,649 Warehouse lines of credit* 865,844 962,796 Total Core Banking 4,521,811 4,678,445 Republic Processing Group*: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances 30,703 — Other TRS loans 5,770 23,765 Republic Credit Solutions 108,309 110,893 Total Republic Processing Group 144,782 134,658 Total loans** 4,666,593 4,813,103 Allowance for credit losses (75,336) (61,067) Total loans, net $ 4,591,257 $ 4,752,036 *Identifies loans to borrowers located primarily outside of the Bank’s market footprint. ** Total loans are presented inclusive of premiums, discounts and net loan origination fees and costs. See table directly below for expanded detail. The following table reconciles the contractually receivable and carrying amounts of loans: (in thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Contractually receivable $ 4,677,502 $ 4,821,062 Unearned income (684) (708) Unamortized premiums 169 216 Unaccreted discounts (803) (988) PPP net unamortized deferred origination fees and costs (11,059) (8,564) Other net unamortized deferred origination fees and costs 1,468 2,085 Carrying value of loans $ 4,666,593 $ 4,813,103 Paycheck Protection Program The CARES Act was enacted in March 2020 and provided for the SBA’s PPP, which allowed the Bank to lend to its qualifying small business clients to assist them in their efforts to meet their cash-flow needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Economic Aid Act was enacted in December 2020 and provided for a second round of PPP loans. PPP loans are fully backed by the SBA and may be entirely forgiven if the loan client uses loan funds for qualifying reasons. As of March 31, 2021, net PPP loans of $383 million remained on the Core Bank’s balance sheet, including $218 million in loan balances originated during 2020, $176 million in loan balances originated during the first quarter of 2021, and $11 million of unaccreted PPP lender fees reported as a credit offset to these originated balances. Unaccreted PPP lender fees will generally be recognized into income over the estimated remaining life of the PPP portfolio, with fee recognition accelerated if loans are forgiven or repaid earlier than estimated. To provide liquidity to banks administering the SBA’s PPP, the FRB created the PPPLF, a lending facility secured by the PPP loans of the participating banks. As of March 31, 2021, the Bank had no outstanding borrowings from the FRB under the PPPLF. Credit Quality Indicators The following tables include loans by segment, risk category, and, for non-revolving loans, origination year. Loan segments and risk categories as of March 31, 2021 remain unchanged from those defined in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Regarding origination year, loan extensions and renewals are generally considered originated in the year extended or renewed unless the loan is classified as a TDR. Loan extensions and renewals classified as TDRs generally receive no change in origination date upon extension or renewal. Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of March 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 108,534 $ 260,948 $ 120,205 $ 74,681 $ 261,537 $ — $ — $ 825,905 Special Mention — — 360 40 9,813 — — 10,213 Substandard — 386 1,487 615 13,263 — — 15,751 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 108,534 $ 261,334 $ 122,052 $ 75,336 $ 284,613 $ — $ — $ 851,869 Residential real estate nonowner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 21,323 $ 77,611 $ 58,090 $ 39,417 $ 74,623 $ — $ 617 $ 271,681 Special Mention — — — — 42 — — 42 Substandard — — — — 106 — — 106 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 21,323 $ 77,611 $ 58,090 $ 39,417 $ 74,771 $ — $ 617 $ 271,829 Commercial real estate: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 106,492 $ 293,953 $ 219,168 $ 141,907 $ 433,866 $ — $ 63,586 $ 1,258,972 Special Mention 11,370 3,385 30,304 9,153 21,651 — — 75,863 Substandard 312 2,592 349 — 4,029 — 2,277 9,559 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 118,174 $ 299,930 $ 249,821 $ 151,060 $ 459,546 $ — $ 65,863 $ 1,344,394 Construction and land development: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 15,421 $ 48,914 $ 25,299 $ 7,735 $ 2,111 $ — $ — $ 99,480 Special Mention — 208 2,384 — — — — 2,592 Substandard — — 41 — — — — 41 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 15,421 $ 49,122 $ 27,724 $ 7,735 $ 2,111 $ — $ — $ 102,113 Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 27,257 $ 83,148 $ 78,484 $ 30,028 $ 67,856 $ — $ 1,006 $ 287,779 Special Mention 16,368 5,184 800 61 2,305 — — 24,718 Substandard — 40 — — — — — 40 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 43,625 $ 88,372 $ 79,284 $ 30,089 $ 70,161 $ — $ 1,006 $ 312,537 Paycheck Protection Program: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 167,552 $ 215,759 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 383,311 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 167,552 $ 215,759 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 383,311 Lease financing receivables: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 893 $ 958 $ 3,008 $ 2,037 $ 3,034 $ — $ — $ 9,930 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 893 $ 958 $ 3,008 $ 2,037 $ 3,034 $ — $ — $ 9,930 Aircraft: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 11,188 $ 52,990 $ 28,447 $ 11,608 $ 1,848 $ — $ — $ 106,081 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 11,188 $ 52,990 $ 28,447 $ 11,608 $ 1,848 $ — $ — $ 106,081 Home equity: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 223,561 $ — $ 223,561 Special Mention — — — — — 126 — 126 Substandard — — — — — 2,593 — 2,593 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 226,280 $ — $ 226,280 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) Amortized Converted As of March 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Consumer: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 312 $ 1,196 $ 12,379 $ 7,426 $ 11,524 $ 14,317 $ — $ 47,154 Special Mention — — — — 5 — — 5 Substandard — — 30 45 389 — — 464 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 312 $ 1,196 $ 12,409 $ 7,471 $ 11,918 $ 14,317 $ — $ 47,623 Warehouse: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 865,844 $ — $ 865,844 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 865,844 $ — $ 865,844 TRS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 30,703 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,770 $ — $ 36,473 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 30,703 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,770 $ — $ 36,473 RCS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 7,880 $ 22,063 $ 4,484 $ 2,060 $ 17,851 $ 53,150 $ — $ 107,488 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 821 — 821 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 7,880 $ 22,063 $ 4,484 $ 2,060 $ 17,851 $ 53,971 $ — $ 108,309 Grand Total: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 497,555 $ 1,057,540 $ 549,564 $ 316,899 $ 874,250 $ 1,162,642 $ 65,209 $ 4,523,659 Special Mention 27,738 8,777 33,848 9,254 33,816 126 — 113,559 Substandard 312 3,018 1,907 660 17,787 3,414 2,277 29,375 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Grand Total $ 525,605 $ 1,069,335 $ 585,319 $ 326,813 $ 925,853 $ 1,166,182 $ 67,486 $ 4,666,593 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of December 31, 2020 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 268,313 $ 132,018 $ 82,754 $ 67,430 $ 301,366 $ — $ — $ 851,881 Special Mention — 364 42 1,610 8,730 — — 10,746 Substandard 394 1,423 1,331 614 13,411 — — 17,173 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 268,707 $ 133,805 $ 84,127 $ 69,654 $ 323,507 $ — $ — $ 879,800 Residential real estate nonowner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 73,291 $ 63,102 $ 43,610 $ 45,759 $ 38,316 $ — $ 621 $ 264,699 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — 81 — — 81 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 73,291 $ 63,102 $ 43,610 $ 45,759 $ 38,397 $ — $ 621 $ 264,780 Commercial real estate: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 315,550 $ 258,251 $ 166,542 $ 171,207 $ 315,336 $ — $ 55,949 $ 1,282,835 Special Mention 3,397 30,969 236 11,355 9,659 — — 55,616 Substandard 2,596 349 — 987 3,899 — 2,803 10,634 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 321,543 $ 289,569 $ 166,778 $ 183,549 $ 328,894 $ — $ 58,752 $ 1,349,085 Construction and land development: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 53,972 $ 31,756 $ 7,840 $ 701 $ 1,964 $ — $ — $ 96,233 Special Mention — 2,397 — — — — — 2,397 Substandard — 44 — — — — — 44 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 53,972 $ 34,197 $ 7,840 $ 701 $ 1,964 $ — $ — $ 98,674 Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 105,985 $ 84,575 $ 33,391 $ 32,303 $ 46,697 $ — $ 1,040 $ 303,991 Special Mention 18,195 800 — — 2,215 — — 21,210 Substandard 383 12 — — — — — 395 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 124,563 $ 85,387 $ 33,391 $ 32,303 $ 48,912 $ — $ 1,040 $ 325,596 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) Amortized Converted As of December 31, 2020 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Paycheck Protection Program: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 392,319 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 392,319 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 392,319 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 392,319 Lease financing receivables: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 1,117 $ 3,663 $ 1,814 $ 2,847 $ 689 $ — $ — $ 10,130 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 1,117 $ 3,663 $ 1,814 $ 2,847 $ 689 $ — $ — $ 10,130 Aircraft: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 55,823 $ 30,529 $ 13,804 $ 1,219 $ — $ — $ — $ 101,375 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 55,823 $ 30,529 $ 13,804 $ 1,219 $ — $ — $ — $ 101,375 Home equity: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 237,633 $ — $ 237,633 Special Mention — — — — — 127 — 127 Substandard — — — — — 2,880 — 2,880 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 240,640 $ — $ 240,640 Consumer: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 425 $ 13,636 $ 8,563 $ 7,125 $ 8,648 $ 14,321 $ — $ 52,718 Special Mention — — — — 5 — — 5 Substandard — 32 49 229 212 5 — 527 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 425 $ 13,668 $ 8,612 $ 7,354 $ 8,865 $ 14,326 $ — $ 53,250 Warehouse: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 962,796 $ — $ 962,796 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 962,796 $ — $ 962,796 TRS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 23,765 $ — $ 23,765 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 23,765 $ — $ 23,765 RCS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 27,683 $ 5,704 $ 2,485 $ 1,232 $ 19,095 $ 54,348 $ — $ 110,547 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 346 — 346 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 27,683 $ 5,704 $ 2,485 $ 1,232 $ 19,095 $ 54,694 $ — $ 110,893 Grand Total: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 1,294,478 $ 623,234 $ 360,803 $ 329,823 $ 732,111 $ 1,292,863 $ 57,610 $ 4,690,922 Special Mention 21,592 34,530 278 12,965 20,609 127 — 90,101 Substandard 3,373 1,860 1,380 1,830 17,603 3,231 2,803 32,080 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Grand Total $ 1,319,443 $ 659,624 $ 362,461 $ 344,618 $ 770,323 $ 1,296,221 $ 60,413 $ 4,813,103 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans The following table presents the activity in the ACLL by portfolio class: ACLL Rollforward Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Beginning Charge- Ending Beginning ASC 326 Charge- Ending (in thousands) Balance Provision offs Recoveries Balance Balance Adoption Provision offs Recoveries Balance Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 9,715 $ (253) $ — $ 27 $ 9,489 $ 4,729 $ 4,199 $ 447 $ (27) $ 39 $ 9,387 Nonowner occupied 2,466 66 — — 2,532 1,737 148 278 — 2 2,165 Commercial real estate 23,606 555 (428) 68 23,801 10,486 273 2,151 — 471 13,381 Construction & land development 3,274 319 — — 3,593 2,152 1,447 937 — — 4,536 Commercial & industrial 2,797 (86) — 7 2,718 2,882 (1,318) 974 — 3 2,541 Paycheck Protection Program — — — — — — — — — — — Lease financing receivables 106 (2) — — 104 147 — (14) — — 133 Aircraft 253 12 — — 265 176 — 24 — — 200 Home equity 4,990 (382) — 7 4,615 2,721 1,652 842 — 75 5,290 Consumer: Credit cards 929 44 (57) 14 930 1,020 33 22 (106) 9 978 Overdrafts 587 (73) (138) 97 473 1,169 — (122) (344) 55 758 Automobile loans 399 (78) — 13 334 612 (7) (79) (8) 28 546 Other consumer 577 (52) (14) 22 533 374 307 (117) (37) 112 639 Total Traditional Banking 49,699 70 (637) 255 49,387 28,205 6,734 5,343 (522) 794 40,554 Warehouse lines of credit 2,407 (242) — — 2,165 1,794 — 332 — — 2,126 Total Core Banking 52,106 (172) (637) 255 51,552 29,999 6,734 5,675 (522) 794 42,680 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances — 16,019 — — 16,019 — — 15,228 — 42 15,270 Other TRS loans 158 (135) (22) 9 10 234 — (95) (44) — 95 Republic Credit Solutions 8,803 (375) (766) 93 7,755 13,118 — 1,706 (2,709) 271 12,386 Total Republic Processing Group 8,961 15,509 (788) 102 23,784 13,352 — 16,839 (2,753) 313 27,751 Total $ 61,067 $ 15,337 $ (1,425) $ 357 $ 75,336 $ 43,351 $ 6,734 $ 22,514 $ (3,275) $ 1,107 $ 70,431 The cumulative loss rate used as the basis for the estimate of the Company’s ACLL as of March 31, 2021 was primarily based on a static pool analysis of each of the Company’s loan pools using the Company’s loss experience from 2013 through 2020, supplemented by qualitative factor adjustments for current and forecasted conditions. The Company employs one-year forecasts of unemployment and CRE vacancy within its ACLL model, with reversion to long-term averages following the forecasted period. The cumulative loss rate within the Company’s ACLL also includes estimated losses based on an individual evaluation of loans which are either collateral dependent or which do not share risk characteristics with pooled loans, e.g., TDRs. Nonperforming Loans and Nonperforming Assets Detail of nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets, and select credit quality ratios follows: (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Loans on nonaccrual status* $ 22,004 $ 23,548 Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual** 517 47 Total nonperforming loans 22,521 23,595 Other real estate owned 2,015 2,499 Total nonperforming assets $ 24,536 $ 26,094 Credit Quality Ratios - Total Company: Nonperforming loans to total loans 0.48 % 0.49 % Nonperforming assets to total loans (including OREO) 0.53 0.54 Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.38 0.42 Credit Quality Ratios - Core Bank: Nonperforming loans to total loans 0.49 % 0.50 % Nonperforming assets to total loans (including OREO) 0.53 0.56 Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.42 0.45 * Loans on nonaccrual status include collateral-dependent loans. ** Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still accruing consist of smaller balance consumer loans. The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual by class of loans: Past Due 90-Days-or-More Nonaccrual and Still Accruing Interest* (in thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 13,194 $ 14,328 $ — $ — Nonowner occupied 106 81 — — Commercial real estate 6,669 6,762 — — Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial 40 55 — — Paycheck Protection Program — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — Home equity 1,855 2,141 — — Consumer: Credit cards — — — 5 Overdrafts — — — — Automobile loans 132 170 — — Other consumer 8 11 — — Total Traditional Banking 22,004 23,548 — 5 Warehouse lines of credit — — — — Total Core Banking 22,004 23,548 — 5 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances — — — — Other TRS loans — — — — Republic Credit Solutions — — 517 42 Total Republic Processing Group — — 517 42 Total $ 22,004 $ 23,548 $ 517 $ 47 * Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still accruing consist of smaller balance consumer loans. Three Months Ended As of March 31, 2021 March 31, 2021 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total Interest Income Loans with Loans without Nonaccrual Recognized (in thousands) ACLL ACLL Loans on Nonaccrual Loans* Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,940 $ 11,254 $ 13,194 $ 191 Nonowner occupied 36 70 106 2 Commercial real estate 555 6,114 6,669 29 Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial — 40 40 — Paycheck Protection Program — — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — — Home equity — 1,855 1,855 17 Consumer 68 72 140 2 Total $ 2,599 $ 19,405 $ 22,004 $ 241 * Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period. Three Months Ended As of December 31, 2020 March 31, 2020 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total Interest Income Loans with Loans without Nonaccrual Recognized (in thousands) ACLL ACLL Loans on Nonaccrual Loans* Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,995 $ 12,333 $ 14,328 $ 191 Nonowner occupied 8 73 81 2 Commercial real estate 576 6,186 6,762 727 Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial — 55 55 11 Paycheck Protection Program — — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — — Home equity 91 2,050 2,141 28 Consumer 69 112 181 3 $ 2,739 $ 20,809 $ 23,548 $ 962 * Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual include both smaller balance, primarily retail, homogeneous loans. Nonaccrual loans are typically returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and held current for six consecutive months and future contractual payments are reasonably assured. TDRs on nonaccrual status are reviewed for return to accrual status on an individual basis, with additional consideration given to performance under the modified terms. Delinquent Loans The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans by class of loans: 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 or More March 31, 2021 Days Days Days Total Total (dollars in thousands) Delinquent Delinquent Delinquent* Delinquent** Current Total Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,054 $ 234 $ 1,238 $ 2,526 $ 849,343 $ 851,869 Nonowner occupied — — — — 271,829 271,829 Commercial real estate — — 5,402 5,402 1,338,992 1,344,394 Construction & land development — — — — 102,113 102,113 Commercial & industrial — — — — 312,537 312,537 Paycheck Protection Program — — — — 383,311 383,311 Lease financing receivables — — — — 9,930 9,930 Aircraft — — — — 106,081 106,081 Home equity — 39 445 484 225,796 226,280 Consumer: Credit cards 14 13 — 27 14,173 14,200 Overdrafts 86 7 1 94 380 474 Automobile loans — — 25 25 25,599 25,624 Other consumer — 2 — 2 7,323 7,325 Total Traditional Banking 1,154 295 7,111 8,560 3,647,407 3,655,967 Warehouse lines of credit — — — — 865,844 865,844 Total Core Banking 1,154 295 7,111 8,560 4,513,251 4,521,811 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances — — — — 30,703 30,703 Other TRS loans 104 — — 104 5,666 5,770 Republic Credit Solutions 4,211 1,594 517 6,322 101,987 108,309 Total Republic Processing Group 4,315 1,594 517 6,426 138,356 144,782 Total $ 5,469 $ 1,889 $ 7,628 $ 14,986 $ 4,651,607 $ 4,666,593 Delin |