LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The composition of the loan portfolio follows: (in thousands) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 808,658 $ 820,731 Nonowner occupied 314,933 306,323 Commercial real estate 1,556,575 1,456,009 Construction & land development 129,970 129,337 Commercial & industrial 342,175 340,363 Paycheck Protection Program 18,276 56,014 Lease financing receivables 10,396 8,637 Aircraft 151,284 142,894 Home equity 210,364 210,578 Consumer: Credit cards 14,654 14,510 Overdrafts 716 683 Automobile loans 11,846 14,448 Other consumer 939 1,432 Total Traditional Banking 3,570,786 3,501,959 Warehouse lines of credit* 690,200 850,550 Total Core Banking 4,260,986 4,352,509 Republic Processing Group*: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances 16,475 — Other TRS loans 25,132 50,987 Republic Credit Solutions 87,650 93,066 Total Republic Processing Group 129,257 144,053 Total loans** 4,390,243 4,496,562 Allowance for credit losses (71,656) (64,577) Total loans, net $ 4,318,587 $ 4,431,985 *Identifies loans to borrowers located primarily outside of the Bank’s market footprint. ** Total loans are presented inclusive of premiums, discounts, and net loan origination fees and costs. See table directly below for expanded detail. The following table reconciles the contractually receivable and carrying amounts of loans: (in thousands) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Contractually receivable $ 4,392,499 $ 4,498,671 Unearned income (529) (542) Unamortized premiums 121 116 Unaccreted discounts (598) (641) PPP net unamortized deferred origination (fees) and costs (428) (1,203) Other net unamortized deferred origination (fees) and costs (822) 161 Carrying value of loans $ 4,390,243 $ 4,496,562 Paycheck Protection Program The CARES Act was enacted in March 2020 and provided for the SBA’s PPP, which allowed the Bank to lend to its qualifying small business clients to assist them in their efforts to meet their cashflow needs during the COVID pandemic. The Economic Aid Act was enacted in December 2020 and provided for a second round of PPP loans. PPP loans are fully backed by the SBA and may be entirely forgiven if the loan client uses loan funds for qualifying reasons. As of March 31, 2022, net PPP loans of $18 million remained on the Traditional Bank’s balance sheet, including $3 million in loan balances originated during 2020 and $15 million in loan balances originated during 2021 . PPP fees recognized by the Company for the first quarters of 2022 and 2021 were Credit Quality Indicators The following tables include loans by segment, risk category, and, for non-revolving loans, origination year. Loan segments and risk categories as of March 31, 2022 remain unchanged from those defined in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Regarding origination year, loan extensions and renewals are generally considered originated in the year extended or renewed unless the loan is classified as a TDR. Loan extensions and renewals classified as TDRs generally receive no change in origination date upon extension or renewal. Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of March 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 34,689 $ 208,741 $ 206,086 $ 83,162 $ 254,051 $ — $ — $ 786,729 Special Mention — 296 — — 8,131 — — 8,427 Substandard — — 1,125 1,034 11,343 — — 13,502 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 34,689 $ 209,037 $ 207,211 $ 84,196 $ 273,525 $ — $ — $ 808,658 Residential real estate nonowner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 24,117 $ 102,088 $ 63,823 $ 41,166 $ 77,944 $ — $ 5,534 $ 314,672 Special Mention — — — — 129 — — 129 Substandard — 41 — — 91 — — 132 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 24,117 $ 102,129 $ 63,823 $ 41,166 $ 78,164 $ — $ 5,534 $ 314,933 Commercial real estate: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 170,095 $ 474,706 $ 240,041 $ 155,065 $ 338,934 $ — $ 96,789 $ 1,475,630 Special Mention 1,324 20,147 2,386 23,951 28,723 — — 76,531 Substandard — — — — 4,414 — — 4,414 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 171,419 $ 494,853 $ 242,427 $ 179,016 $ 372,071 $ — $ 96,789 $ 1,556,575 Construction and land development: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 22,171 $ 82,541 $ 15,265 $ 794 $ 6,333 $ — $ — $ 127,104 Special Mention — 533 — 2,333 — — — 2,866 Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 22,171 $ 83,074 $ 15,265 $ 3,127 $ 6,333 $ — $ — $ 129,970 Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 31,331 $ 142,205 $ 31,386 $ 55,176 $ 59,798 $ — $ 2,457 $ 322,353 Special Mention 900 14,594 1,460 739 1,980 — — 19,673 Substandard — — — 149 — — — 149 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 32,231 $ 156,799 $ 32,846 $ 56,064 $ 61,778 $ — $ 2,457 $ 342,175 Paycheck Protection Program: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ 15,132 $ 3,144 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 18,276 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ 15,132 $ 3,144 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 18,276 Lease financing receivables: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 2,713 $ 2,401 $ 795 $ 2,380 $ 2,107 $ — $ — $ 10,396 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 2,713 $ 2,401 $ 795 $ 2,380 $ 2,107 $ — $ — $ 10,396 Aircraft: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 13,768 $ 63,842 $ 41,934 $ 21,847 $ 9,893 $ — $ — $ 151,284 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 13,768 $ 63,842 $ 41,934 $ 21,847 $ 9,893 $ — $ — $ 151,284 Home equity: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 208,428 $ — $ 208,428 Special Mention — — — — — 336 — 336 Substandard — — — — — 1,600 — 1,600 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 210,364 $ — $ 210,364 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) Amortized Converted As of March 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Consumer: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 341 $ 817 $ 454 $ 4,059 $ 7,565 $ 14,746 $ — $ 27,982 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 15 158 — — 173 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 341 $ 817 $ 454 $ 4,074 $ 7,723 $ 14,746 $ — $ 28,155 Warehouse: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 690,200 $ — $ 690,200 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 690,200 $ — $ 690,200 TRS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ 25,000 $ — $ — $ — $ 16,607 $ — $ 41,607 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ 25,000 $ — $ — $ — $ 16,607 $ — $ 41,607 RCS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 1,768 $ 3,971 $ 2,492 $ 1,323 $ 25,777 $ 51,964 $ — $ 87,295 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 355 — 355 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 1,768 $ 3,971 $ 2,492 $ 1,323 $ 25,777 $ 52,319 $ — $ 87,650 Grand Total: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 300,993 $ 1,121,444 $ 605,420 $ 364,972 $ 782,402 $ 981,945 $ 104,780 $ 4,261,956 Special Mention 2,224 35,570 3,846 27,023 38,963 336 — 107,962 Substandard — 41 1,125 1,198 16,006 1,955 — 20,325 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Grand Total $ 303,217 $ 1,157,055 $ 610,391 $ 393,193 $ 837,371 $ 984,236 $ 104,780 $ 4,390,243 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 218,981 $ 213,010 $ 89,186 $ 50,301 $ 226,852 $ — $ — $ 798,330 Special Mention 301 — — 33 8,209 — — 8,543 Substandard 45 870 679 1,189 11,075 — — 13,858 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 219,327 $ 213,880 $ 89,865 $ 51,523 $ 246,136 $ — $ — $ 820,731 Residential real estate nonowner occupied: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 107,041 $ 65,947 $ 44,376 $ 29,292 $ 55,872 $ — $ 3,568 $ 306,096 Special Mention — — — — 132 — — 132 Substandard — — — — 95 — — 95 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 107,041 $ 65,947 $ 44,376 $ 29,292 $ 56,099 $ — $ 3,568 $ 306,323 Commercial real estate: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 487,669 $ 260,182 $ 156,748 $ 94,212 $ 286,223 $ — $ 82,158 $ 1,367,192 Special Mention 20,059 2,399 29,639 11,207 18,778 — — 82,082 Substandard — 111 266 2,453 3,905 — — 6,735 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 507,728 $ 262,692 $ 186,653 $ 107,872 $ 308,906 $ — $ 82,158 $ 1,456,009 Construction and land development: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 89,078 $ 32,046 $ 2,599 $ 1,155 $ 265 $ — $ — $ 125,143 Special Mention — 524 3,670 — — — — 4,194 Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 89,078 $ 32,570 $ 6,269 $ 1,155 $ 265 $ — $ — $ 129,337 Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 150,820 $ 44,481 $ 59,186 $ 18,110 $ 44,972 $ — $ 2,541 $ 320,110 Special Mention 15,365 1,921 785 34 1,956 — — 20,061 Substandard — 13 179 — — — — 192 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 166,185 $ 46,415 $ 60,150 $ 18,144 $ 46,928 $ — $ 2,541 $ 340,363 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) Amortized Converted As of December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Paycheck Protection Program: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 40,607 $ 15,407 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 56,014 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 40,607 $ 15,407 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 56,014 Lease financing receivables: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 2,638 $ 839 $ 2,641 $ 1,264 $ 1,255 $ — $ — $ 8,637 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 2,638 $ 839 $ 2,641 $ 1,264 $ 1,255 $ — $ — $ 8,637 Aircraft: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 65,886 $ 43,301 $ 22,933 $ 9,119 $ 1,655 $ — $ — $ 142,894 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 65,886 $ 43,301 $ 22,933 $ 9,119 $ 1,655 $ — $ — $ 142,894 Home equity: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 208,429 $ — $ 208,429 Special Mention — — — — — 279 — 279 Substandard — — — — — 1,870 — 1,870 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 210,578 $ — $ 210,578 Consumer: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 978 $ 417 $ 4,694 $ 4,326 $ 5,768 $ 14,613 $ — $ 30,796 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — 22 61 194 — — 277 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 978 $ 417 $ 4,716 $ 4,387 $ 5,962 $ 14,613 $ — $ 31,073 Warehouse: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 850,550 $ — $ 850,550 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 850,550 $ — $ 850,550 TRS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 50,987 $ — $ 50,987 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 50,987 $ — $ 50,987 RCS: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 5,524 $ 3,409 $ 1,642 $ 869 $ 3,699 $ 77,544 $ — $ 92,687 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 379 — 379 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 5,524 $ 3,409 $ 1,642 $ 869 $ 3,699 $ 77,923 $ — $ 93,066 Grand Total: Risk Rating Pass or not rated $ 1,169,222 $ 679,039 $ 384,005 $ 208,648 $ 626,561 $ 1,202,123 $ 88,267 $ 4,357,865 Special Mention 35,725 4,844 34,094 11,274 29,075 279 — 115,291 Substandard 45 994 1,146 3,703 15,269 2,249 — 23,406 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Grand Total $ 1,204,992 $ 684,877 $ 419,245 $ 223,625 $ 670,905 $ 1,204,651 $ 88,267 $ 4,496,562 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans The following table presents the activity in the ACLL by portfolio class: ACLL Rollforward Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Beginning Charge- Ending Beginning Charge- Ending (in thousands) Balance Provision offs Recoveries Balance Balance Provision offs Recoveries Balance Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 8,647 $ (331) $ — $ 42 $ 8,358 $ 9,715 $ (253) $ — $ 27 $ 9,489 Nonowner occupied 2,700 45 — 1 2,746 2,466 66 — — 2,532 Commercial real estate 23,769 854 — 1 24,624 23,606 555 (428) 68 23,801 Construction & land development 4,128 (235) — — 3,893 3,274 319 — — 3,593 Commercial & industrial 3,487 (84) — 9 3,412 2,797 (86) — 7 2,718 Paycheck Protection Program — — — — — — — — — — Lease financing receivables 91 18 — — 109 106 (2) — — 104 Aircraft 357 21 — — 378 253 12 — — 265 Home equity 4,111 (70) — 3 4,044 4,990 (382) — 7 4,615 Consumer: Credit cards 934 32 (39) 17 944 929 44 (57) 14 930 Overdrafts 683 188 (214) 59 716 587 (73) (138) 97 473 Automobile loans 186 (36) — 1 151 399 (78) — 13 334 Other consumer 314 (75) (10) 12 241 577 (52) (14) 22 533 Total Traditional Banking 49,407 327 (263) 145 49,616 49,699 70 (637) 255 49,387 Warehouse lines of credit 2,126 (401) — — 1,725 2,407 (242) — — 2,165 Total Core Banking 51,533 (74) (263) 145 51,341 52,106 (172) (637) 255 51,552 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances — 8,315 — — 8,315 — 16,019 — — 16,019 Other TRS loans 96 (403) — 362 55 158 (135) (22) 9 10 Republic Credit Solutions 12,948 1,395 (2,673) 275 11,945 8,803 (375) (766) 93 7,755 Total Republic Processing Group 13,044 9,307 (2,673) 637 20,315 8,961 15,509 (788) 102 23,784 Total $ 64,577 $ 9,233 $ (2,936) $ 782 $ 71,656 $ 61,067 $ 15,337 $ (1,425) $ 357 $ 75,336 The cumulative loss rate used as the basis for the estimate of the Company’s ACLL as of March 31, 2022 was primarily based on a static pool analysis of each of the Company’s loan pools using the Company’s loss experience from 2013 through 2022, supplemented by qualitative factor adjustments for current and forecasted conditions. The Company employs one-year forecasts of unemployment and CRE values within its ACLL model, with reversion to long-term averages following the forecasted period. The cumulative loss rate within the Company’s ACLL also includes estimated losses based on an individual evaluation of loans which are either collateral dependent or which do not share risk characteristics with pooled loans, e.g., TDRs. For its CRE loan pool, the Company employed a one-year forecast of CRE vacancy rates through March 31, 2021 but discontinued use of this forecast during the second quarter of 2021 in favor of a one-year forecast of general CRE values. This change in forecast method had no material impact on the Company’s ACLL. Nonperforming Loans and Nonperforming Assets Detail of nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets, and select credit quality ratios follows: (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Loans on nonaccrual status* $ 16,935 $ 20,504 Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual** 31 48 Total nonperforming loans 16,966 20,552 Other real estate owned 1,740 1,792 Total nonperforming assets $ 18,706 $ 22,344 Credit Quality Ratios - Total Company: Nonperforming loans to total loans 0.39 % 0.46 % Nonperforming assets to total loans (including OREO) 0.43 0.50 Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.29 0.37 Credit Quality Ratios - Core Bank: Nonperforming loans to total loans 0.40 % 0.47 % Nonperforming assets to total loans (including OREO) 0.44 0.51 Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.33 0.40 * Loans on nonaccrual status include collateral-dependent loans. ** Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still accruing consist of smaller balance consumer loans. The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual by class of loans: Past Due 90-Days-or-More Nonaccrual and Still Accruing Interest* (in thousands) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 11,728 $ 12,039 $ — $ — Nonowner occupied 132 95 — — Commercial real estate 3,581 6,557 — — Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial — 13 — — Paycheck Protection Program — — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — — Home equity 1,431 1,700 — — Consumer: Credit cards — — — — Overdrafts — — — 1 Automobile loans 60 97 — — Other consumer 3 3 — — Total Traditional Banking 16,935 20,504 — 1 Warehouse lines of credit — — — — Total Core Banking 16,935 20,504 — 1 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances — — — — Other TRS loans — — — — Republic Credit Solutions — — 31 47 Total Republic Processing Group — — 31 47 Total $ 16,935 $ 20,504 $ 31 $ 48 * Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still accruing consist of smaller balance consumer loans. Three Months Ended As of March 31, 2022 March 31, 2022 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total Interest Income Loans with Loans without Nonaccrual Recognized (in thousands) ACLL ACLL Loans on Nonaccrual Loans* Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,924 $ 9,804 $ 11,728 $ 230 Nonowner occupied 30 102 132 1 Commercial real estate 3,581 — 3,581 630 Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial — — — — Paycheck Protection Program — — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — — Home equity — 1,431 1,431 44 Consumer 30 33 63 46 Total $ 5,565 $ 11,370 $ 16,935 $ 951 * Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period. Three Months Ended As of December 31, 2021 March 31, 2021 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total Interest Income Loans with Loans without Nonaccrual Recognized (in thousands) ACLL ACLL Loans on Nonaccrual Loans* Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,944 $ 10,095 $ 12,039 $ 191 Nonowner occupied 31 64 95 2 Commercial real estate 4,105 2,452 6,557 29 Construction & land development — — — — Commercial & industrial — 13 13 — Paycheck Protection Program — — — — Lease financing receivables — — — — Aircraft — — — — Home equity — 1,700 1,700 17 Consumer 17 83 100 2 $ 6,097 $ 14,407 $ 20,504 $ 241 * Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90-days-or-more and still on accrual include both smaller balance, primarily retail, homogeneous loans. Nonaccrual loans are typically returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and held current for six consecutive months and future contractual payments are reasonably assured. TDRs on nonaccrual status are reviewed for return to accrual status on an individual basis, with additional consideration given to performance under the modified terms. Delinquent Loans The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans by class of loans: 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 or More March 31, 2022 Days Days Days Total Total (dollars in thousands) Delinquent Delinquent Delinquent* Delinquent** Current Total Traditional Banking: Residential real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,043 $ 1,211 $ 374 $ 2,628 $ 806,030 $ 808,658 Nonowner occupied — — 41 41 314,892 314,933 Commercial real estate — — 2,464 2,464 1,554,111 1,556,575 Construction & land development — — — — 129,970 129,970 Commercial & industrial — — — — 342,175 342,175 Paycheck Protection Program — — — — 18,276 18,276 Lease financing receivables — — — — 10,396 10,396 Aircraft — — — — 151,284 151,284 Home equity 313 — 242 555 209,809 210,364 Consumer: Credit cards 32 7 — 39 14,615 14,654 Overdrafts 115 4 — 119 597 716 Automobile loans 9 — 8 17 11,829 11,846 Other consumer — — — — 939 939 Total Traditional Banking 1,512 1,222 3,129 5,863 3,564,923 3,570,786 Warehouse lines of credit — — — — 690,200 690,200 Total Core Banking 1,512 1,222 3,129 5,863 4,255,123 4,260,986 Republic Processing Group: Tax Refund Solutions: Easy Advances 4,524 — — 4,524 11,951 16,475 Other TRS loans 160 — — 160 24,972 25,132 Republic Credit Solutions 4,551 1,086 31 5,668 81,982 87,650 Total Republic Processing Group 9,235 1,086 31 10,352 118,905 129,257 Total $ 10,747 $ 2,308 $ 3,160 $ 16,215 $ 4,374,028 $ 4,390,243 Delinquency ratio*** 0.24 % 0.05 % 0.07 % 0.37 % * All loans past due 90-days-or-more, excluding small balance consumer loans, were on nonaccrual status. ** Delinquent status may be determined by either the number of days past due or number of payments past due. *** Represents total loans 30-days-or-more past due by aging category divided by total loans. 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 or More December 31, 2021 Days Days Days Total Total |