Financial Instruments | 15. Financial Instruments Financial Instruments The Company maintains cash with various major financial institutions. The Company’s cash is invested with highly rated financial institutions. The Company’s accounts receivables and financing receivables are subject to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable and financing receivables are concentrated with the theater exhibition industry and film entertainment industry. To minimize the Company’s credit risk, the Company retains title to underlying theater systems leased, performs initial and ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and makes ongoing provisions for its estimate of potentially uncollectible amounts. The Company believes it has adequately provided for related exposures surrounding receivables and contractual commitments. Fair Value Measurements The carrying values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities due within one year approximate fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company’s other financial instruments are comprised of the following: As at March 31, 2017 As at December 31, 2016 Carrying Estimated Carrying Estimated Amount Fair Value Amount Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents $ 190,481 $ 190,481 $ 204,759 $ 204,759 Net financed sales receivable $ 112,682 $ 113,792 $ 114,041 $ 115,014 Net investment in sales-type leases $ 7,808 $ 8,163 $ 8,084 $ 8,372 Convertible loan receivable $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ 1,000 Available-for-sale investment $ 1,000 $ 1,010 $ 1,000 $ 1,007 Foreign exchange contracts — designated forwards $ 302 $ 302 $ (296) $ (296) Borrowings under the Playa Vista Loan $ (27,167) $ (27,167) $ (27,667) $ (27,667) Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash and interest-bearing investments with original maturity dates of 90 days or less. Cash and cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value (Level 1 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The estimated fair values of the net financed sales receivable and net investment in sales-type leases are estimated based on discounting future cash flows at currently available interest rates with comparable terms (Level 2 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The estimated fair value of the Company’s convertible loan receivable is based on discounting future cash flows at currently available interest rates with comparable terms (Level 2 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale investment is determined using quoted prices in active markets (Level 2 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The fair value of foreign currency derivatives is determined using quoted prices in active markets (Level 2 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. These identical instruments are traded on a closed exchange. The carrying value of borrowings under the Playa Vista Loan approximates fair value as the interest rates offered under the Playa Vista Loan are close to March 31, 2017 market rates for the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities (Level 2 input in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements Topic of the FASB ASC hierarchy) as at March 31, 2017 . There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016 . When a determination is made to classify an asset or liability within Level 3, the determination is based upon the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement. There were no transfers in or out of the Company’s level 3 assets during the three months ended March 31, 2017 . Financing Receivables The Company’s net investment in leases and its net financed sale receivables are subject to the disclosure requirements of ASC 310 “Receivables”. Due to differing risk profiles of its net investment in leases and its net financed sales receivables, the Company views its net investment in leases and its net financed sale receivables as separate classes of financing receivables. The Company does not aggregate financing receivables to assess impairment. The Company monitors the credit quality of each customer on a frequent basis through collections and aging analyses. The Company also holds meetings monthly in order to identify credit concerns and whether a change in credit quality classification is required for the customer. A customer may improve in their credit quality classification once a substantial payment is made on overdue balances or the customer has agreed to a payment plan with the Company and payments have commenced in accordance to the payment plan. The change in credit quality indicator is dependent upon management approval. The Company classifies its customers into four categories to indicate the credit quality worthiness of its financing receivables for internal purposes only: Good standing — Theater continues to be in good standing with the Company as the client’s payments and reporting are up-to-date. Credit Watch — Theater operator has begun to demonstrate a delay in payments, and has been placed on the Company's credit watch list for continued monitoring, but active communication continues with the Company. Depending on the size of outstanding balance, length of time in arrears and other factors, transactions may need to be approved by management. These financing receivables are considered to be in better condition than those receivables related to theaters in the "Pre-approved transactions" category, but not in as good of condition as those receivables in "Good standing." Pre-approved transactions only — Theater operator is demonstrating a delay in payments with little or no communication with the Company. All service or shipments to the theater must be reviewed and approved by management. These financing receivables are considered to be in better condition than those receivables related to theaters in the "All transactions suspended" category, but not in as good of condition as those receivables in "Credit Watch." Depending on the individual facts and circumstances of each customer, finance income recognition may be suspended if management believes the receivable to be impaired. All transactions suspended — Theater is severely delinquent, non-responsive or not negotiating in good faith with the Company. Once a theater is classified as “All transactions suspended” the theater is placed on nonaccrual status and all revenue recognitions related to the theater are stopped. The following table discloses the recorded investment in financing receivables by credit quality indicator: As at March 31, 2017 As at December 31, 2016 Minimum Financed Minimum Financed Lease Sales Lease Sales Payments Receivables Total Payments Receivables Total In good standing $ 7,465 $ 110,249 $ 117,714 $ 7,741 $ 111,568 $ 119,309 Credit Watch - 1,683 1,683 - 1,514 1,514 Pre-approved transactions - 633 633 - 842 842 Transactions suspended 1,015 611 1,626 1,015 611 1,626 $ 8,480 $ 113,176 $ 121,656 $ 8,756 $ 114,535 $ 123,291 While recognition of finance income is suspended, payments received by a customer are applied against the outstanding balance owed. If payments are sufficient to cover any unreserved receivables, a recovery of provision taken on the billed amount, if applicable, is recorded to the extent of the residual cash received. Once the collectibility issues are resolved and the customer has returned to being in good standing, the Company will resume recognition of finance income. The Company’s investment in financing receivables on nonaccrual status is as follows: As at March 31, 2017 As at December 31, 2016 Recorded Related Recorded Related Investment Allowance Investment Allowance Net investment in leases $ 1,015 $ (672) $ 1,015 $ (672) Net financed sales receivables 611 (494) 611 (494) Total $ 1,626 $ (1,166) $ 1,626 $ (1,166) The Company considers financing receivables with aging between 60-89 days as indications of theaters with potential collection concerns. The Company will begin to focus its review on these financing receivables and increase its discussions internally and with the theater regarding payment status. Once a theater’s aging exceeds 90 days, the Company’s policy is to review and assess collectibility on the theater’s past due accounts. Over 90 days past due is used by the Company as an indicator of potential impairment as invoices up to 90 days outstanding could be considered reasonable due to the time required for dispute resolution or for the provision of further information or supporting documentation to the customer. The Company’s aged financing receivables are as follows: As at March 31, 2017 Related Recorded Accrued Billed Unbilled Total Investment and 30-89 Financing Recorded Recorded Related Net of Current Days 90+ Days Receivables Investment Investment Allowances Allowances Net investment in leases $ 41 $ 94 $ 763 $ 898 $ 7,582 $ 8,480 $ (672) $ 7,808 Net financed sales receivables 1,884 2,379 2,879 7,142 106,035 113,176 (494) 112,682 Total $ 1,925 $ 2,473 $ 3,642 $ 8,040 $ 113,617 $ 121,656 $ (1,166) $ 120,490 As at December 31, 2016 Related Recorded Accrued Billed Unbilled Total Investment and 30-89 Financing Recorded Recorded Related Net of Current Days 90+ Days Receivables Investment Investment Allowances Allowances Net investment in leases $ 28 $ 159 $ 781 $ 968 $ 7,788 $ 8,756 $ (672) $ 8,084 Net financed sales receivables 2,393 1,724 2,368 6,485 108,050 114,535 (494) 114,041 Total $ 2,421 $ 1,883 $ 3,149 $ 7,453 $ 115,838 $ 123,291 $ (1,166) $ 122,125 The Company’s recorded investment in past due financing receivables for which the Company continues to accrue finance income is as follows: As at March 31, 2017 Related Recorded Accrued Billed Unbilled Investment and Financing Recorded Related Past Due Current 30-89 Days 90+ Days Receivables Investment Allowance and Accruing Net investment in leases $ 38 $ 61 $ 293 $ 392 $ 2,237 $ - $ 2,629 Net financed sales receivables 146 968 2,280 3,394 25,876 - 29,270 Total $ 184 $ 1,029 $ 2,573 $ 3,786 $ 28,113 $ - $ 31,899 As at December 31, 2016 Related Recorded Accrued Billed Unbilled Investment and Financing Recorded Related Past Due Current 30-89 Days 90+ Days Receivables Investment Allowance and Accruing Net investment in leases $ - $ 54 $ 244 $ 298 $ 1,646 $ - $ 1,944 Net financed sales receivables 284 634 1,854 2,772 20,147 - 22,919 Total $ 284 $ 688 $ 2,098 $ 3,070 $ 21,793 $ - $ 24,863 The Company considers financing receivables to be impaired when it believes it to be probable that it will not recover the full amount of principal or interest owing under the arrangement. The Company uses its knowledge of the industry and economic trends, as well as its prior experiences to determine the amount recoverable for impaired financing receivables. The following table discloses information regarding the Company’s impaired financing receivables: For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Average Interest Recorded Unpaid Related Recorded Income Investment Principal Allowance Investment Recognized Recorded investment for which there is a related allowance: Net financed sales receivables $ 525 $ 75 $ (494) $ 525 $ - Recorded investment for which there is no related allowance: Net financed sales receivables - - - - - Total recorded investment in impaired loans: Net financed sales receivables $ 525 $ 75 $ (494) $ 525 $ - For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Average Interest Recorded Unpaid Related Recorded Income Investment Principal Allowance Investment Recognized Recorded investment for which there is a related allowance: Net financed sales receivables $ 748 $ 414 $ (643) $ 748 $ - Recorded investment for which there is no related allowance: Net financed sales receivables - - - - - Total recorded investment in impaired loans: Net financed sales receivables $ 748 $ 414 $ (643) $ 748 $ - The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses for the period and the Company’s recorded investment in financing receivables are as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Net Investment Net Financed Net Investment Net Financed in Leases Sales Receivables in Leases Sales Receivables Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 672 $ 494 $ 672 $ 568 Charge-offs - - - - Recoveries - - - - Provision - - - 75 Ending balance $ 672 $ 494 $ 672 $ 643 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 672 $ 494 $ 672 $ 643 Financing receivables: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 8,480 $ 113,176 $ 10,577 $ 110,387 Foreign Exchange Risk Management The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency rates. A majority portion of the Company’s revenues is denominated in U.S. dollars while a substantial portion of its costs and expenses is denominated in Canadian dollars. A portion of the net U.S. dollar cash flows of the Company is periodically converted to Canadian dollars to fund Canadian dollar expenses through the spot market. In China and Japan the Company has ongoing operating expenses related to its operations in Chinese Renminbi and Japanese yen, respectively. Net cash flows are converted to and from U.S. dollars through the spot market. The Company also has cash receipts under leases denominated in Chinese Renminbi, Japanese yen, Canadian dollars and Euros which are converted to U.S. dollars through the spot market. In addition, because IMAX films generate box-office in 75 different countries, unfavourable exchange rates between applicable local currencies, and the U.S. dollar affect the Company’s reported gross box-office and revenues, further impacting the Company’s results of operations. The Company’s policy is to not use any financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. The Company entered into a series of foreign currency forward contracts to manage the Company’s risks associated with the volatility of foreign currencies. Certain of these foreign currency forward contracts met the criteria required for hedge accounting under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the FASB ASC at inception, and continue to meet hedge effectiveness tests at March 31, 2017 (the “Foreign Currency Hedges”), with settlement dates throughout 2017 and 2018 . Foreign currency derivatives are recognized and measured in the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the fair value (gains or losses) are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations except for derivatives designated and qualifying as foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments. For foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments, the effective portion of the gain or loss in a hedge of a forecasted transaction is reported in other comprehensive income and reclassified to the condensed consolidated statements of operations when the forecasted transaction occurs. Any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company currently does not hold any derivatives which are not designated as hedging instruments . The following tabular disclosures reflect the impact that derivative instruments and hedging activities have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements: Notional value of foreign exchange contracts: March 31, December 31, 2017 2016 Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Foreign exchange contracts — Forwards $ 39,802 $ 37,825 Fair value of derivatives in foreign exchange contracts: March 31, December 31, Balance Sheet Location 2017 2016 Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Foreign exchange contracts — Forwards Other assets $ 604 $ 480 Accrued and other liabilities (302) (776) $ 302 $ (296) Derivatives in Foreign Currency Hedging relationships for the three months ended March 31: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 Foreign exchange contracts — Forwards Derivative Gain Recognized in OCI (Effective Portion) $ 313 $ 2,207 Location of Derivative Loss Reclassified from AOCI Three Months Ended March 31, into Income (Effective Portion) 2017 2016 Foreign exchange contracts — Forwards Selling, general and administrative expenses $ (285) $ (1,277) Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 Foreign exchange contracts - Forwards Derivative Loss Recognized In and Out of OCI (Effective Portion) $ (47) $ - The Company's estimated net amount of the existing gains as at March 31, 2017 is $ 0.4 million, which is expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next twelve months Investments in New Business Ventures The Company accounts for investments in new business ventures using the guidance of the FASB ASC 323 or FASB ASC 320, as appropriate. As at March 31, 2017 , the equity method of accounting is being utilized for an investment with a carrying value of $nil (December 31, 2016 — $nil). The Company’s accumulated losses in excess of its equity investment were $ 0.7 million as at March 31, 2017 , and are classified in Accrued and other liabilities. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 , gross revenues, cost of revenue and net loss for the Company’s investments were $ 0.2 million, $ 0.9 million and $ 0.7 million, respectively ( 2016 — $ 0.4 million , $ 2.2 million and $ 1.8 million, respectively). The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of this VIE, and therefore this entity has not been consolidated. In 2016, the Company issued a convertible loan of $1.0 million to this entity with a term of 3 years with an annual effective interest rate of 5.0%. The instrument is classified as an available-for-sale investment due to certain features that allow for conversion to common stock in the entity in the event of certain triggers occurring. In addition, the Company has an investment in preferred stock of another business venture of $ 1.5 million which meet the criteria for classification as a debt security under the FASB ASC 320 and is recorded at a fair value of $ nil at March 31, 2017 (December 31, 2016 — $ nil ). This investment was classified as an available-for-sale investment. Furthermore, the Company has an investment of $ 1.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $ 1.0 million) in the shares of an exchange traded fund. This investment is also classified as an available-for-sale investment. As at March 31, 2017 , the Company held investments with a total value of $ 3.5 million in the preferred shares of enterprises which meet the criteria for classification as an equity security under FASB ASC 325, carried at historical cost, net of impairment charges. The carrying value of these equity security investments was $ 1.0 million at March 31, 2017 (December 31, 2016 — $nil). The total carrying value of investments in new business ventures at March 31, 2017 is $ 3.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $ 2.0 million) and is recorded in Other assets. |