Revenue from Contracts with Customers | 3. Adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, effective January 1, 2018 As discussed in note 2, in 2014 the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. The standard outlines a five-step model whereby revenue is recognized as performance obligations within a contract are satisfied. The standard also requires new, expanded disclosures regarding revenue recognition. Several ASUs have been issued since the issuance of ASU 2014-09. These ASUs, which modify certain sections of ASU 2014-09 are intended to promote a more consistent interpretation and application of the principles outlined in the standard. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC Topic 606, utilizing the modified retrospective transition method with a cumulative catch-up adjustment. Prior year amounts are presented in accordance with ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition” or other applicable standards effective prior to January 1, 2018. The Company is applying the new revenue standard only to contracts not completed as of the date of initial application, referred to as open contracts. All system sales and maintenance contracts with the existing network of IMAX theaters and the backlog of sales contracts make up a significant majority of the Company’s open contracts at any point in time. DMR arrangements where the film continues to be shown by the Company’s exhibitor partners, film distribution arrangements with remaining terms, aftermarket sales orders that have been received but for which control of the assets has not yet transferred to the customer are all also considered open contracts. The Company’s revenues from the sales of projection systems, provision of maintenance services, sale of aftermarket 3D glasses and parts, conversion of film content into the IMAX DMR format, distribution of documentary film content and the provision of post- production services are within the scope of the standard. The Company’s joint revenue sharing revenue arrangements, with the exception of those where the title transfers to the customer prior to recognition of the system revenue (hybrid sales arrangements), are not in scope of the standard due to their classification as leases. Similarly, any system revenue transactions classified as sales-type leases are excluded from the provisions of the new standard. The Company has assessed its performance obligations under its arrangements pursuant to ASC Topic 606 and has concluded that there are no significant differences between the performance obligations required to be units of account under ASC Topic 606 and the deliverables considered to be units of account under ASC Topic 605. Specifically, the Company has concluded that its “System Obligation”, which consists of a theater system (projector, sound system, screen system and, if applicable, 3D glasses cleaning machine); services associated with the theater system including theater design support, supervision of installation services, and projectionist training; a license to use the IMAX brand to market the theater; 3D glasses; initial maintenance and extended warranty services; and potentially the licensing of films remains unchanged when considered under ASC Topic 606. The Company’s performance obligations for its DMR, maintenance, film distribution and aftermarket sales contracts remain similar to those under ASC Topic 605. The new standard requires the Company to estimate the total consideration, including an estimate of future variable consideration, received in exchange for the goods delivered or services rendered. Certain of the Company’s revenue streams will be impacted by the variable consideration provisions of the new standard. The arrangements for the sale of projection systems include indexed minimum payment increases over the term of the arrangement, as well as provision for additional payments in excess of the minimum agreed payments in situations where the theater exceeds certain box office thresholds. Both of these contract provisions constitute variable consideration under the new standard that, subject to constraints to ensure reversal of revenues do not occur, require estimation and recognition upon transfer of control of the System Obligation to the customer, which is at the earlier of client acceptance of the installation of the system, including projectionist training, and the theater’s opening to the public. As this variable consideration extends through the entire term of the arrangement, which typically last 10 years, the Company applies constraints to its estimates and recognizes the variable consideration on a discounted present value basis at recognition. Under the previous standard, these amounts were recognized as reported by exhibitors (or customers) in future periods. In certain joint revenue sharing arrangements, specifically the Company’s hybrid sales arrangements, the Company’s arrangements call for sufficient upfront revenues to cover the cost of the arrangement, with monthly payments calculated based on the theater’s net box office earned. Title and control of the projection system transfer to the customer at the point of revenue recognition, which is the earlier of client acceptance of the theater installation, including projectionist training, and theater opening to the public. Under the new revenue recognition standard, the percentage payment is considered variable consideration that must be estimated and recognized at the time of initial revenue recognition. Using box office projections and the Company’s history with theater and box office experience in different territories, the Company estimates the amount of percentage payment earned over the life of the arrangement, subject to sufficient constraint such that there is not a risk of significant revenue reversal. Under the previous recognition standard, these amounts were recognized as reported by exhibitors (or customers) in future periods. As a result, the Company has reclassified hybrid sales arrangements to the traditional sales segment since the total consideration received and the revenue recognition timing at transfer of control of the assets now very closely resemble those of the traditional sale arrangements. The Company’s arrangements include a requirement for the provision of maintenance services over the life of the arrangement, subject to a consumer price index increase on renewal each year. Under the new standard, the Company has included the future consideration from the provision of maintenance services in the relative selling price allocation calculation at the inception of the arrangement. Under the previous recognition standard, only the first year’s extended warranty and maintenance services included as part of the upfront consideration received by the Company was included in the relative selling price allocation to determine the allocation of consideration between deliverables, while the future years maintenance services were recognized and amortized over each year’s renewal term. Except in circumstances where customers prepay the entire term’s maintenance arrangement, payments are due to the Company for the years after the extended warranty and maintenance services offered as part of the System Obligation expire. Payments upon renewal each year can be either in arrears or in advance, and can vary in frequency from monthly to annually. At September 30, 2018 , $20.0 million of consideration has been deferred in relation to outstanding stand ready performance obligations related to these maintenance services. As the maintenance services are a stand ready obligation, revenue, subject to appropriate constraint, is recognized evenly over the contract term, which is consistent with past treatment. The Company does not expect a significant change in the allocation of consideration between performance obligations to arise as a result of this change. The Company’s DMR and Film Distribution revenue streams fall under the variable consideration exemption for sales- or usage-based royalties. While the Company does not hold rights to the intellectual property in the form of the DMR film content, the Company is being reimbursed for the application of its intellectual property in the form of its patented DMR processes used in the creation of new intellectual property in the form of an IMAX DMR version of film. The Company’s Film Distribution revenues are strictly from the license of its intellectual property in the form of documentary film content to which the Company holds distribution rights. The Company’s remaining revenue streams are not significantly impacted by the new standard. As the arrangements do not call for variable consideration and recognition of revenues transfer at the time of provision of service or transfer of control of goods as appropriate. The recognition of variable consideration involves a significant amount of judgment. ASC Topic 606 requires variable consideration to be recognized subject to appropriate constraints to avoid a significant reversal of revenue in future periods. The standard identifies several examples of situations where constraining variable consideration would be appropriate: The amount of consideration is highly susceptible to factors outside the entity’s influence The uncertainty about the amount of consideration is not expected to be resolved for a long period of time The Company’s experience (or other evidence) with similar types of contracts is limited, or that experience has limited predictive value The Company has a practice of either offering a broad range of price concessions or changing the payment terms and conditions of similar contracts in similar circumstances The Company recorded an increase to opening retained earnings of $27.2 million, net of tax, as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC Topic 606, with the impact primarily related to revenue from its theater system business. The impact to revenues as a result of applying ASC Topic 606 was an increase of $0.2 million and an increase of $1.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The following table presents the impacted financial statement line items in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations: Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Pre-adoption of ASC Topic 606 As (in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts) ASC Topic 606 Adjustments reported Revenues $ 81,863 $ 245 $ 82,108 Provision for income taxes (1,398) (54) (1,452) Net income 7,311 191 7,502 Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests (2,482) - (2,482) Net income attributable to common shareholders 4,829 191 5,020 Net income per share attributable to common shareholders - basic and diluted 0.08 - 0.08 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Pre-adoption of ASC Topic 606 As (in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts) ASC Topic 606 Adjustments reported Revenues $ 264,011 $ 1,426 $ 265,437 Provision for income taxes (9,226) (314) (9,540) Net income 28,712 1,112 29,824 Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests (8,513) (161) (8,674) Net income attributable to common shareholders 20,199 951 21,150 Net income per share attributable to common shareholders - basic and diluted 0.32 0.01 0.33 The following table presents the impact of ASC Topic 606 on the Company’s revenues by reportable segment: Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Pre-adoption of ASC Topic 606 As ASC Topic 606 Adjustments reported Network business IMAX DMR $ 22,372 $ - $ 22,372 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – contingent rent (1) 15,115 (788) 14,327 IMAX systems – contingent rent (1) 475 (475) - 37,962 (1,263) 36,699 Theater business IMAX systems Sales and sales-type leases (2) 18,073 2,354 20,427 Ongoing fees and finance income (3) 2,570 401 2,971 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – fixed fees (4) 4,045 (1,247) 2,798 Theater system maintenance 12,415 - 12,415 Other theater 2,076 - 2,076 39,179 1,508 40,687 New business 1,275 - 1,275 Other Film post-production 2,262 - 2,262 Film distribution 800 - 800 Other 385 - 385 3,447 - 3,447 Total $ 81,863 $ 245 $ 82,108 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Pre-adoption of ASC Topic 606 As ASC Topic 606 Adjustments reported Network business IMAX DMR $ 85,586 $ - $ 85,586 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – contingent rent (1) 59,495 (2,576) 56,919 IMAX systems – contingent rent (1) 1,802 (1,802) - 146,883 (4,378) 142,505 Theater business IMAX systems Sales and sales-type leases (2) 41,571 8,974 50,545 Ongoing fees and finance income (3) 8,000 982 8,982 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – fixed fees (4) 7,973 (4,152) 3,821 Theater system maintenance 37,462 - 37,462 Other theater 5,707 - 5,707 100,713 5,804 106,517 New business 4,999 - 4,999 Other Film post-production 6,512 - 6,512 Film distribution 2,644 - 2,644 Other 2,260 - 2,260 11,416 - 11,416 Total $ 264,011 $ 1,426 $ 265,437 ___________ (1) Contingent rent of $0.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, related to theater systems under hybrid sales arrangements and $0.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 related to theater systems under sales arrangements was recognized in the Company’s transition adjustment. (2) Variable consideration of $0.8 million and $4.1 million, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 relating to theater systems recognized as sales or hybrid sales was recognized as part of the System Obligation in the respective period and the fixed consideration recognized for theater systems installed under hybrid sales arrangements was reclassified from Joint revenue sharing arrangement – fixed fees as hybrid sales are no longer considered part of the Joint revenue sharing arrangement segment. (3) Finance income of $0.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was recognized on the future consideration related to contracts. (4) Fixed consideration of $1.2 million and $4.2 million, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 related to the recognition of theater systems under hybrid sales arrangements was reclassified to Sales and sales-type leases. Upon adoption of ASC Topic 606 the Company has evaluated its revenue streams by reportable segment and scoped out lease arrangements in accordance with the standard. The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s revenues whereby fixed and variable consideration are subject to the new standard: Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Subject to the New Revenue Recognition Standard Subject to the Lease Standard Fixed consideration Variable consideration Lease arrangements Total Network business IMAX DMR $ - $ 22,372 $ - $ 22,372 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – contingent rent - - 14,327 14,327 IMAX systems – contingent rent - - - - - 22,372 14,327 36,699 Theater business IMAX systems Sales and sales-type leases 19,320 1,107 - 20,427 Ongoing fees and finance income 2,971 - - 2,971 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – fixed fees 2,798 - - 2,798 Theater system maintenance 12,415 - - 12,415 Other theater 2,076 - - 2,076 39,580 1,107 - 40,687 New business 1,112 163 - 1,275 Other Film post-production 2,262 - - 2,262 Film distribution - 800 - 800 Other - 385 - 385 2,262 1,185 - 3,447 Total $ 42,954 $ 24,827 $ 14,327 $ 82,108 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Subject to the New Revenue Recognition Standard Subject to the Lease Standard Fixed consideration Variable consideration Lease arrangements Total Network business IMAX DMR $ - $ 85,586 $ - $ 85,586 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – contingent rent - - 56,919 56,919 IMAX systems – contingent rent - - - - - 85,586 56,919 142,505 Theater business IMAX systems Sales and sales-type leases 45,142 5,403 - 50,545 Ongoing fees and finance income 8,982 - - 8,982 Joint revenue sharing arrangements – fixed fees 3,821 - - 3,821 Theater system maintenance 37,462 - - 37,462 Other theater 5,707 - - 5,707 101,114 5,403 - 106,517 New business 3,938 1,061 - 4,999 Other Film post-production 6,512 - - 6,512 Film distribution - 2,644 - 2,644 Other 50 2,210 - 2,260 6,562 4,854 - 11,416 Total $ 111,614 $ 96,904 $ 56,919 $ 265,437 The following table presents the impact from the adoption of ASC Topic 606 on the Company’s assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet: Balance at Balance at December 31, ASC Topic 606 January 1, 2017 Adjustments 2018 Assets Other Assets $ 26,757 $ 34,384 $ 61,141 Deferred income taxes 30,708 (6,436) 24,272 Shareholders' equity Accumulated deficit (87,592) 27,213 (60,379) Non-controlling interests 74,511 735 75,246 The Company has not experienced any significant true-ups or downs of its transition amounts. The following describes the Company’s updated revenue recognition policy to reflect the adoption of ASC Topic 606: Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations The Company’s revenue arrangements with certain customers may involve performance obligations consisting of the delivery of a theater system (projector, sound system, screen system and, if applicable, 3D glasses cleaning machine); services associated with the theater system including theater design support, supervision of installation, and projectionist training; a license to use the IMAX brand; 3D glasses; maintenance and extended warranty services; and licensing of films. The Company evaluates all of the performance obligations in an arrangement to determine which are considered distinct, either individually or in a group, for accounting purposes and which of the deliverables represent separate units of accounting based on the applicable accounting guidance in the Leases Topic of the FASB ASC; the Guarantees Topic of the FASB ASC; and the Revenue Recognition Topic of the FASB. If separate units of accounting are either required under the relevant accounting standards or determined to be applicable under the Revenue Recognition Topic, the total consideration received or receivable in the arrangement is allocated based on the applicable guidance in the above noted standards. Theater Systems The Company has identified the projection system, sound system, screen system and, if applicable, 3D glasses cleaning machine, theater design support, supervision of installation, projectionist training and the use of the IMAX brand to be, as a group, a distinct performance obligation, and a single unit of accounting (the “System Obligation”). When an arrangement does not include all the performance obligations of a System Obligation, the performance obligations of the System Obligation included in the arrangement are considered by the Company to be a grouped distinct performance obligation and a single unit of accounting. The Company is not responsible for the physical installation of the equipment in the customer’s facility; however, the Company supervises the installation by the customer. The customer has the right to use the IMAX brand from the date the Company and the customer enter into an arrangement. The Company’s System Obligation arrangements involve either a lease or a sale of the theater system. Consideration for the System Obligation, other than for those delivered pursuant to joint revenue sharing arrangements, consist of upfront or initial payments made before and after the final installation of the theater system equipment and ongoing payments throughout the term of the lease or over a period of time, as specified in the arrangement. The ongoing payments are the greater of an annual fixed minimum amount or a certain percentage of the theater box-office. Amounts received in excess of the annual fixed minimum amounts are considered contingent payments. The Company’s arrangements are non-cancellable, unless the Company fails to perform its obligations. In the absence of a material default by the Company, there is no right to any remedy for the customer under the Company’s arrangements. If a material default by the Company exists, the customer has the right to terminate the arrangement and seek a refund only if the customer provides notice to the Company of a material default and only if the Company does not cure the default within a specified period. Consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting based on the unit’s relative selling prices. The Company uses vender-specific objective evidence of selling price (VSOE) when the Company sells the deliverable separately and is the price actually charged by the Company for that deliverable. VSOE is established for the Company’s System Obligation, maintenance and extended warranty services and film license arrangements. The Company uses a best estimate of selling price (BESP) for units of accounting that do not have VSOE or third-party evidence of selling price. The Company determines BESP for a deliverable by considering multiple factors including the Company’s historical pricing practices, product class, market competition and geography. Sales Arrangements For arrangements qualifying as sales, the revenue allocated to the System Obligation is recognized in accordance with the Revenue Recognition Topic of the FASB ASC, when all of the following conditions signifying transfer of control have been met: (i) the projector, sound system and screen system have been installed and are in full working condition, (ii) the 3D glasses cleaning machine, if applicable, has been delivered, (iii) projectionist training has been completed and (iv) the earlier of (a) receipt of written customer acceptance certifying the completion of installation and run-in testing of the equipment and the completion of projectionist training or (b) public opening of the theater, provided there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The initial revenue recognized consists of the initial payments received and the present value of any future initial payments, fixed minimum ongoing payments and an estimate of future variable consideration (future CPI and additional payments in excess of the minimums in the case of full sale arrangements or a percentage of ongoing box office in the case of hybrid sales arrangements) that have been attributed to this unit of accounting. The Company has also agreed, on occasion, to sell equipment under lease or at the end of a lease term. Consideration agreed to for these lease buyouts is included in revenues from equipment and product sales, when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fees are fixed or determinable, collectability is reasonably assured and control of the theater system passes from the Company to the customer. Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are both imposed on and concurrent with the specific revenue-producing transactions and collected by the Company have been excluded from the measurement of the transaction prices discussed above. Lease Arrangements The Company uses the Leases Topic of FASB ASC to evaluate whether an arrangement is a lease within the scope of the accounting standard. Transactions accounted for under the Leases Topic of FASB ASC are not within the scope of Topic 606. Arrangements not within the scope of the accounting standard are accounted for either as a sales or services arrangement, as applicable. For lease arrangements, the Company determines the classification of the lease in accordance with the Lease Topic of FASB ASC. A lease arrangement that transfers substantially all of the benefits and risks incident to ownership of the equipment is classified as a sales-type lease based on the criteria established by the accounting standard; otherwise the lease is classified as an operating lease. Prior to commencement of the lease term for the equipment, the Company may modify certain payment terms or make concessions. If these circumstances occur, the Company reassesses the classification of the lease based on the modified terms and conditions. For sales-type leases, the revenue allocated to the System Obligation is recognized when the lease term commences, which the Company deems to be when all of the following conditions have been met: (i) the projector, sound system and screen system have been installed and are in full working condition; (ii) the 3D glasses cleaning machine, if applicable, has been delivered; (iii) projectionist training has been completed; and (iv) the earlier of (a) receipt of the written customer acceptance certifying the completion of installation and run-in testing of the equipment and the completion of projectionist training or (b) public opening of the theater, provided collectability is reasonably assured. The initial revenue recognized for sales-type leases consists of the initial payments received and the present value of future initial payments and fixed minimum ongoing payments computed at the interest rate implicit in the lease. Contingent payments in excess of the fixed minimum payments are recognized when reported by theater operators, provided collectability is reasonably assured. For operating leases, initial payments and fixed minimum ongoing payments are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For operating leases, the lease term is considered to commence when all of the following conditions have been met: (i) the projector, sound system and screen system have been installed and in full working condition; (ii) the 3D glasses cleaning machine, if applicable, has been delivered; (iii) projectionist training has been completed; and (iv) the earlier of (a) receipt of written customer acceptance certifying the completion of installation and run-in testing of the equipment and the completion of projectionist training or (b) public opening of the theater. Contingent payments in excess of fixed minimum ongoing payments are recognized as revenue when reported by theater operators, provided collectability is reasonably assured. Revenues from joint revenue sharing arrangements with upfront payments that qualify for classification as sales-type leases are recognized in accordance with the sales and sales-type lease criteria discussed above. Contingent revenues from joint revenue sharing arrangements are recognized as box-office results and concessions revenues are reported by the theater operator, provided collectability is reasonably assured. Finance Income Finance income is recognized over the term of the sales-type lease or financed sales receivable, provided collectability is reasonably assured. Finance income recognition ceases when the Company determines that the associated receivable is not collectible. Finance income is suspended when the Company identifies a theater that is delinquent, non-responsive or not negotiating in good faith with the Company. Once the collectability issues are resolved the Company will resume recognition of finance income. Improvements and Modifications Improvements and modifications to the theater system after installation are treated as separate revenue transactions, if and when the Company is requested to perform these services. Revenue is recognized for these services when the performance of the services has been completed, provided there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Cost of Equipment and Product Sale s Theater systems and other equipment subject to sales-type leases and sales arrangements includes the cost of the equipment and costs related to project management, design, delivery and installation supervision services as applicable. The costs related to theater systems under sales and sales-type lease arrangements are relieved from inventory to costs and expenses applicable to revenues-equipment and product sales when revenue recognition criteria are met. In addition, the Company defers direct selling costs such as sales commissions and other amounts related to these contracts until the related revenue is recognized. The Company may have warranty obligations at or after the time revenue is recognized which require replacement of certain parts that do not affect the functionality of the theater system or services. The costs for warranty obligations for known issues are accrued as charges to costs and expenses applicable to revenues-equipment and product sales at the time revenue is recognized based on the Company’s past historical experience and cost estimates. Cos t of Rentals For theater systems and other equipment subject to an operating lease or placed in a theater operators’ venue under a joint revenue sharing arrangement, the cost of equipment and those costs that result directly from and are essential to the arrangement, is included within property, plant and equipment. Depreciation and impairment losses, if any, are included in cost of rentals based on the accounting policy set out in note 2(g) of the Company’s Form 10-K. Under the new standard, commissions continue to be deferred and recognized as costs and expenses applicable to revenues-rentals in the month they are earned, which is typically the month of installation. Terminations, Consensual Buyouts and Concessions The Company enters into theater system arrangements with customers that contain customer payment obligations prior to the scheduled installation of the theater system. During the period of time between signing and the installation of the theater system, which may extend several years, certain customers may be unable to, or may elect not to, proceed with the theater system installation for a number of reasons including business considerations, or the inability to obtain certain consents, approvals or financing. Once the determination is made that the customer will not proceed with installation, the arrangement may be terminated under the default provisions of the arrangement or by mutual agreement between the Company and the customer (a “consensual buyout”). Terminations by default are situations when a customer does not meet the payment obligations under an arrangement and the Company retains the amounts paid by the customer. Under a consensual buyout, the Company and the customer agree, in writing, to a settlement and to release each other of any further obligations under the arrangement or an arbitrated settlement is reached. Any initial payments retained or additional payments received by the Company are recognized as revenue when the settlement arrangements are executed and the cash is received, respectively. These termination and consensual buyout amounts are recognized in Other revenues. In addition, the Company could agree with customers to convert their obligations for other theater system configurations that have not yet been installed to arrangements to acquire or lease the IMAX digital theater system. The Company considers these situations to be a termination of the previous arrangement and origination of a new arrangement for the IMAX digital theater system. For all arrangements entered into or modified prior to the date of adoption of the amended FASB ASC 605-25, the Company continues to defer an amount of any initial fees received from the customer such that the aggregate of the fees deferred and the net present value of the future fixed initial and ongoing payments to be received from the customer equals the selling price of the IMAX digital theater system to be leased or acquired by the customer. Any residual portion of the initial fees received from the customer for the terminated theater system is recorded in other revenues at the time when the obligation for the original theater system is terminated and the new theater system arrangement is signed. Under the amended FASB ASC 605-25, for all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the date of adoption, the total arrangement consideration to be received is allocated on a relative selling price basis to the digital upgrade and the termination of the previous theater system. The arrangement consideration allocated to the termination of the existing arrangement is recorded in Other revenues at the time when the obligation for the original theater system is terminated and the new theater system arrangement is signed. The Company may offer certain incentives to customers to complete theater system transactions including payment concessions or free services and products such as film licenses or 3D glasses. Reductions in, and deferral of, payments are taken into account in determining the sales price either by a direct reduction in the sales price or a reduction of payments to be discounted in accordance with the Leases or Interests Topic of the FASB |