the analysis of trends in business performance and it wants to ensure that its investors fully understand the impact of net income attributable tonon-controlling interests and its stock-based compensation (net of any related tax impact) andnon-recurring charges in determining net income attributable to common shareholders. Management uses these measures to review operating performance on a comparable basis from period to period. However, thesenon-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled amounts reported by other companies. Adjusted net income, adjusted net income per diluted share, adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders and adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders per diluted share should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, net income and net income attributable to common shareholders and other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The Company is required to maintain a minimum level of “EBITDA”, as such term is defined in the Company’s credit agreement (and which is referred to herein as “Adjusted EBITDA per Credit Facility”, as the credit agreement includes additional adjustments beyond interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization). EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA per Credit Facility (each as defined below) should not be construed as substitutes for net income or as better measures of liquidity as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The Company believes that EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA per Credit Facility are relevant and useful information widely used by analysts, investors and other interested parties in the Company’s industry.
Free cash flow is defined as cash provided by operating activities minus cash used in investing activities (from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows). Cash provided by operating activities consist of net income, plus depreciation and amortization, plus the change in deferred income taxes, plus othernon-cash items, plus changes in working capital, less investment in film assets, plus other changes in operating assets and liabilities. Cash used in investing activities includes capital expenditures, acquisitions and other cash used in investing activities. Management views free cash flow, anon-GAAP measure, as a measure of the Company’safter-tax cash flow available to reduce debt, add to cash balances, and fund other financing activities. Free cash flow does not represent residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. A reconciliation of cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow is presented in Table 6.
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted Per Share Calculations – Quarter Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
The Company reported net income of $13.8 million, or $0.22 per basic and diluted share, for the second quarter of 2019 as compared to net income of $10.3 million, or $0.16 per basic and diluted share, for the second quarter of 2018.
Net income for the second quarter of 2019 includes a $7.0 million charge, or $0.11 per diluted share (2018— $6.8 million or $0.10 per diluted share), for stock-based compensation and a loss of $4.5 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, for the change in fair value of equity investment (2018 — $nil). The second quarter of 2018 also includes a $0.5 million charge, or $0.01 per diluted share, for exit costs, restructuring charges and associated impairments and a $7.5 million charge, or $0.12 per diluted share, for a legal arbitration award related to one of the Company’s litigation matters from 2006.
Adjusted net income, which consists of net income excluding the impact of stock-based compensation, exit costs, restructuring charges and associated impairments, the legal arbitration award, the change in fair value of equity investment and the related tax impact of these adjustments, was $23.8 million, or $0.38 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2019 as compared to adjusted net income of $21.7 million, or $0.34 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2018.
The Company reported net income attributable to common shareholders of $11.4 million, or $0.19 per basic and diluted share for the second quarter of 2019 (2018 — $7.6 million, or $0.12 per basic and diluted share).
Adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders, which consists of net income attributable to common shareholders excluding the impact of stock-based compensation, exit costs, restructuring charges and associated impairments, the legal arbitration award, the change in fair value of equity investment and the related tax impact of these adjustments, was $19.7 million, or $0.32 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2019 as compared to adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders of $19.0 million, or $0.30 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2018.
A reconciliation of net income and net income attributable to common shareholders, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, to adjusted net income, adjusted net income per diluted share, adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders and adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders per diluted share is presented in Table 4.
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