UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________________
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009 |
OR |
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission file number 1-13144 |
ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC. |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
Delaware | 36-2061311 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
incorporation or organization) |
13000 North Meridian Street | ||
Carmel, Indiana | 46032-1404 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (317) 706-9200 |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x | No ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes ¨ | No ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ¨ | No x |
36,945,066 |
Number of shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value, outstanding at September 30, 2009 |
ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
Carmel, Indiana
Quarterly Report to Securities and Exchange Commission
September 30, 2009
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements. |
Index
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2009 and 2008 (unaudited) and December 31, 2008 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (unaudited) and the year ended December 31, 2008 |
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC. | ||||||||||||
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
As of | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 130,971 | $ | 226,255 | $ | 136,698 | ||||||
Short-term investments | 144,146 | 138,709 | 150,000 | |||||||||
Restricted cash | 5,723 | 10,405 | 17 | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 93,819 | 29,779 | 33,309 | |||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 16,328 | 12,104 | 13,012 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 19,106 | 13,793 | 12,980 | |||||||||
Total current assets | 410,093 | 431,045 | 346,016 | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 192,341 | 166,671 | 166,140 | |||||||||
Direct marketing costs, net | 27,222 | 22,973 | 22,694 | |||||||||
Other assets | 20,705 | 3,170 | 19,481 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 650,361 | $ | 623,859 | $ | 554,331 | ||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | $ | 150,000 | $ | -- | $ | -- | ||||||
Accounts payable | 67,183 | 54,815 | 58,781 | |||||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 23,340 | 21,133 | 28,574 | |||||||||
Accrued income taxes | 7,917 | 14,976 | 1,753 | |||||||||
Other accrued liabilities | 15,884 | 11,423 | 12,274 | |||||||||
Deferred revenue | 146,203 | 162,206 | 142,044 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities | 410,527 | 264,553 | 243,426 | |||||||||
Long-term debt | -- | 150,000 | 150,000 | |||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 4,092 | 1,504 | 10,108 | |||||||||
Other liabilities | 22,262 | 19,951 | 19,207 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 436,881 | 436,008 | 422,741 | |||||||||
Shareholders' equity: | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, | ||||||||||||
5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued | -- | -- | -- | |||||||||
Common stock, $.01 par value, 300,000,000 | ||||||||||||
shares authorized, 54,068,904 issued | 541 | 541 | 541 | |||||||||
Capital surplus | 151,653 | 135,655 | 133,723 | |||||||||
Retained earnings | 929,907 | 732,107 | 670,073 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) | (12,558 | ) | (13,384 | ) | (3,417 | ) | ||||||
Treasury stock, 17,123,838, 15,352,376 | ||||||||||||
and 15,376,719 shares, at cost | (856,063 | ) | (667,068 | ) | (669,330 | ) | ||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 213,480 | 187,851 | 131,590 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 650,361 | $ | 623,859 | $ | 554,331 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. |
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC. | ||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 339,643 | $ | 254,273 | $ | 944,816 | $ | 735,533 | ||||||||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of educational services | 116,730 | 95,011 | 328,609 | 282,219 | ||||||||||||
Student services and administrative expenses | 100,187 | 78,500 | 276,044 | 227,535 | ||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 216,917 | 173,511 | 604,653 | 509,754 | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 122,726 | 80,762 | 340,163 | 225,779 | ||||||||||||
Interest income | 716 | 1,565 | 2,827 | 4,774 | ||||||||||||
Interest (expense) | (191 | ) | (1,012 | ) | (593 | ) | (3,588 | ) | ||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 123,251 | 81,315 | 342,397 | 226,965 | ||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 47,891 | 31,129 | 133,185 | 87,017 | ||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 75,360 | $ | 50,186 | $ | 209,212 | $ | 139,948 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 2.02 | $ | 1.29 | $ | 5.51 | $ | 3.59 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | 2.00 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 5.45 | $ | 3.56 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 37,324 | 38,777 | 37,950 | 38,938 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 37,763 | 39,195 | 38,412 | 39,291 | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. |
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC. | ||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 75,360 | $ | 50,186 | $ | 209,212 | $ | 139,948 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows | ||||||||||||||||
from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 6,276 | 5,077 | 18,204 | 16,335 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 23,183 | 12,839 | 56,012 | 29,457 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1,471 | (1,948 | ) | (2,344 | ) | (7,251 | ) | |||||||||
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises | (1,385 | ) | (686 | ) | (5,272 | ) | (773 | ) | ||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 2,891 | 1,628 | 10,247 | 5,731 | ||||||||||||
Other | 113 | -- | (309 | ) | -- | |||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | (5,743 | ) | 181 | 2,581 | 6,039 | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (47,255 | ) | (16,950 | ) | (119,255 | ) | (47,634 | ) | ||||||||
Direct marketing costs, net | (1,234 | ) | (731 | ) | (4,249 | ) | (2,127 | ) | ||||||||
Accounts payable | 4,763 | 4,375 | 10,819 | 13,661 | ||||||||||||
Accrued income taxes | (2,432 | ) | (2,982 | ) | (1,308 | ) | (3,467 | ) | ||||||||
Other operating assets and liabilities | (377 | ) | 4,331 | 1,007 | 11,214 | |||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 19,325 | 3,706 | (17,631 | ) | (71,083 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities | 74,956 | 59,026 | 157,714 | 90,050 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Facility expenditures and land purchases | (664 | ) | (3,944 | ) | (2,516 | ) | (17,107 | ) | ||||||||
Capital expenditures, net | (3,907 | ) | (4,286 | ) | (15,913 | ) | (12,103 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition of college, net of cash acquired | -- | -- | (20,792 | ) | -- | |||||||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | 57,352 | 492,760 | 142,741 | 964,565 | ||||||||||||
Purchase of investments | (56,543 | ) | (472,260 | ) | (147,362 | ) | (811,205 | ) | ||||||||
Issuance of note receivable, net of repayments | (71 | ) | -- | (13,991 | ) | -- | ||||||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities | (3,833 | ) | 12,270 | (57,833 | ) | 124,150 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises | 1,385 | 686 | 5,272 | 773 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 2,756 | 1,996 | 8,750 | 2,271 | ||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock and shares tendered for taxes | (84,497 | ) | (15,971 | ) | (209,187 | ) | (87,774 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities | (80,356 | ) | (13,289 | ) | (195,165 | ) | (84,730 | ) | ||||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (9,233 | ) | 58,007 | (95,284 | ) | 129,470 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 140,204 | 78,691 | 226,255 | 7,228 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 130,971 | $ | 136,698 | $ | 130,971 | $ | 136,698 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. |
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars and shares in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Capital | Retained | Other Comprehensive | Common Stock in Treasury | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Surplus | Earnings | Income/(Loss) | Shares | Amount | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 54,069 | $ | 541 | $ | 127,017 | $ | 531,363 | $ | (3,417 | ) | (14,375 | ) | $ | (584,946 | ) | $ | 70,558 | |||||||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2008 (unaudited): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 139,948 | 139,948 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | -- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 139,948 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | (1,213 | ) | 51 | 3,484 | 2,271 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options | 796 | 796 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 5,731 | 5,731 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shares repurchased | (1,050 | ) | (87,774 | ) | (87,774 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for Directors’ compensation | (25 | ) | 1 | 85 | 60 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock cancellations | 179 | (3 | ) | (179 | ) | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2008 | 54,069 | 541 | 133,723 | 670,073 | (3,417 | ) | (15,376 | ) | (669,330 | ) | 131,590 | |||||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended December 31, 2008 (unaudited): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 63,024 | 63,024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost, net of $10 of income tax | 17 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net actuarial pension loss, net of $7,237 of income tax | (11,212 | ) | (11,212 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pension settlement loss, net of $599 of income tax | 928 | 928 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain | 428 | 428 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 53,185 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prior service costs, net of $83 of income tax | (128 | ) | (128 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adoption of change in pension measurement date, net of $210 of income tax | 325 | 325 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | (1,315 | ) | 24 | 2,285 | 970 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options | 405 | 405 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 1,504 | 1,504 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shares repurchased | -- | -- | -- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock cancellations | 23 | -- | (23 | ) | -- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | 54,069 | 541 | 135,655 | 732,107 | (13,384 | ) | (15,352 | ) | (667,068 | ) | 187,851 | |||||||||||||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 209,212 | 209,212 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost, net of $8 of income tax | 12 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial pension loss, net of $696 of income tax | 1,078 | 1,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) | (264 | ) | (264 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 210,038 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | (11,414 | ) | 209 | 20,164 | 8,750 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and restricted stock vesting | 5,751 | 5,751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 10,247 | 10,247 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shares repurchased | (1,978 | ) | (208,828 | ) | (208,828 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for Directors’ compensation | 2 | 1 | 28 | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock shares withheld for taxes | (4 | ) | (359 | ) | (359 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2009 | 54,069 | $ | 541 | $ | 151,653 | $ | 929,907 | $ | (12,558 | ) | (17,124 | ) | $ | (856,063 | ) | $ | 213,480 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2009
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data and unless otherwise stated)
1. | The Company and Basis of Presentation |
We are a leading provider of technology-oriented postsecondary education in the United States based on revenue and student enrollment. As of September 30, 2009, we were offering master, bachelor and associate degree programs to more than 79,000 students at ITT Technical Institute and Daniel Webster College (“DWC”) locations. As of September 30, 2009, we had 122 locations (including 113 campuses and nine learning sites) in 38 states. All of our locations are authorized by the applicable education authorities of the states in which they operate and are accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by the U.S. Department of Education ("ED"). We have provided career-oriented education programs since 1969 under the “ITT Technical Institute” name and since June 2009 under the “Daniel Webster College” name. Our corporate headquarters are located in Carmel, Indiana.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include our wholly-owned subsidiaries' accounts and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America for interim periods and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures, including significant accounting policies, normally included in a complete presentation of financial statements prepared in accordance with those principles, rules and regulations have been omitted. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2008 was derived from audited financial statements but, as presented in this report, may not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Arrangements where we may have a variable interest in another party are evaluated in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, “Consolidation” (“ASC 810”), to determine whether we would be required to include the financial results of the other party in our consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2009, we were not required to include the financial results of any variable interest entity in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In the opinion of our management, the financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to fairly state our financial condition and results of operations. The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2008.
2. | Acquisition |
On June 10, 2009, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of DWC for approximately $20,800 in cash, net of cash acquired. Approximately $20,600 of the amount we paid was used to satisfy certain liabilities of DWC that we did not assume in the acquisition. DWC’s campus is located in Nashua, New Hampshire. DWC is authorized by the New Hampshire Postsecondary Education Commission and is accredited by the Commission on Institutions of Higher Education of the New England Association of Schools and Colleges. DWC offers programs of study at the master, bachelor and associate degree levels both in residence and through distance education.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of DWC from the acquisition date. The revenue and expenses of DWC included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 were not material. Our revenue, net income and earnings per share would not have been materially affected if the revenue and expenses of DWC were presented for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 and the three months ended September 30, 2008 as if the transaction had occurred at the beginning of each of those reporting periods.
The acquisition of DWC has been accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”), which requires the use of the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations. The purchase price has been preliminarily allocated to identifiable net assets, with the excess of the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired over the consideration paid recognized as a gain. The gain was not material and has been recorded in “Student services and administrative expenses” in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
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The following table sets forth the estimated fair values allocated to the major classes of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the DWC acquisition as of the acquisition date:
Assets Acquired | Liabilities Assumed | |||||||
Cash and other current assets | $ | 1,215 | ||||||
Land, buildings, furniture and equipment | 25,445 | |||||||
Intangibles | 870 | |||||||
Accounts payable and other liabilities | $ | 5,621 | ||||||
$ | 27,530 | $ | 5,621 |
These estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the DWC acquisition are preliminary and are based on information that was available as of the acquisition date and as of September 30, 2009. The allocation of the purchase price may be revised when we complete the final review of information, but we do not anticipate any material changes. We expect to finalize the purchase price allocation by December 31, 2009.
3. | New Accounting Guidance |
In June 2009, the FASB established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ (“Codification”) as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 105, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“ASC 105”). All prior accounting standard documents were superseded by the Codification and any accounting literature not included in the Codification is no longer authoritative. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC issued under the authority of federal securities laws will continue to be sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification became effective for us beginning with our third fiscal quarter of 2009. Therefore, beginning with our third fiscal quarter of 2009, all references made by us to GAAP in our notes to condensed consolidated financial statements use the new Codification numbering system. The Codification does not change or alter existing GAAP and, therefore, did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In May 2009, the FASB established general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 855, “Subsequent Events” (“ASC 855”), and became effective for us beginning with our second fiscal quarter of 2009. We performed an evaluation of subsequent events through October 21, 2009, and we issued our financial statements on October 22, 2009.
See Notes 4 and 8 for a discussion of additional new accounting guidance that became effective for us beginning with our second fiscal quarter of 2009.
The following new accounting guidance became effective for us beginning with our first fiscal quarter of 2009:
· | Accounting for financial guarantee insurance contracts, including the recognition and measurement of premium revenue and claim liabilities, was included in the Codification under ASC 944, “Financial Services – Insurance” (“ASC 944”). The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Expanded disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities were included in the Codification under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest of a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary were included in the Codification under ASC 810. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Principles and requirements for how a company recognizes and measures assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests acquired or assumed in a business combination were included in the Codification under ASC 805. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties and the definition of collaborative arrangements were included in the Codification under ASC 808, “Collaborative Arrangements” (“ASC 808”). The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
See Note 4 for a discussion of additional new accounting guidance that became effective for us beginning with our first fiscal quarter of 2009.
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In June 2009, the FASB set forth certain requirements to improve the financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities and to provide more relevant and reliable information to users of financial statements. This guidance is effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2010. We have not determined the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Also in June 2009, the FASB provided guidance to improve transparency about transfers of financial assets and a transferor’s continuing involvement, if any, with transferred financial assets. It also clarified the requirement for isolation and limitations on portions of financial assets that are eligible for sale accounting, eliminated exceptions for qualifying special-purpose entities from the consolidation guidance and eliminated the exception that permitted sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when a transferor has not surrendered control over the financial assets. This guidance is effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2010. We have not determined the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In December 2008, the FASB issued guidance which required enhanced disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 715, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits” (“ASC 715”). These disclosures are intended to provide users of financial statements with a greater understanding of how investment allocation decisions are made, the major categories of plan assets, the inputs and valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of plan assets and significant concentrations of risk within plan assets. This provision of ASC 715 will apply to our plan asset disclosures beginning with our fiscal year ending December 31, 2009.
4. | Fair Value |
In February 2008, the FASB delayed the effective date of fair value disclosures for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”). This provision of ASC 820 was effective for us beginning on January 1, 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements, because we do not have any nonfinancial assets or nonfinancial liabilities recognized or disclosed at fair value.
ASC 820 defines fair value for financial reporting as the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid upon the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement of our financial assets utilized assumptions categorized as observable inputs under ASC 820. Observable inputs are assumptions based on independent market data sources.
In April 2009, the FASB provided additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 820. This guidance became effective for us beginning with our disclosures for our second fiscal quarter of 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
The following table sets forth information regarding the fair value measurement of our financial assets as of September 30, 2009:
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using | ||||||||||||||||
(Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | ||||||||||||||
Description | As of September 30, 2009 | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets | Significant Other Observable Inputs | Significant Unobservable Inputs | ||||||||||||
Cash equivalents | $ | 124,540 | $ | 124,540 | $ | -- | $ | -- | ||||||||
Short-term investments | 144,146 | 78,291 | 65,855 | -- | ||||||||||||
$ | 268,686 | $ | 202,831 | $ | 65,855 | $ | -- |
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We used quoted prices in active markets for identical assets as of the measurement date to value our financial assets that were categorized as Level 1. For assets that were categorized as Level 2, we used:
· | quoted prices for similar assets in active markets; |
· | quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that were not active or in which little public information had been released; |
· | inputs other than quoted prices that were observable for the assets; or |
· | inputs that were principally derived from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. |
In April 2009, the FASB required disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”), and became effective for us beginning with our disclosures for our second fiscal quarter of 2009.
The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, other accrued liabilities and deferred revenue approximate fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments. Investments classified as available-for-sale are recorded at their market value.
The fair value of a note receivable included in Other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2009 is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current rates for similar arrangements. As of September 30, 2009, each of the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the note receivable was $13,990.
The fair value of the current portion of our long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current rates for similar loans with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. As of September 30, 2009, the carrying value of the current portion of our long-term debt was $150,000 and the estimated fair value was approximately $149,400.
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5. | Equity Compensation |
The stock-based compensation expense and related income tax benefit recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the periods indicated were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | $ | 2,891 | $ | 1,628 | $ | 10,247 | $ | 5,731 | ||||||||
Income tax (benefit) | $ | (1,113 | ) | $ | (627 | ) | $ | (3,946 | ) | $ | (2,206 | ) |
We did not capitalize any stock-based compensation cost in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2009 or 2008.
As of September 30, 2009, we estimated that pre-tax compensation expense for unvested stock-based compensation grants in the amount of approximately $17,243, net of estimated forfeitures, will be recognized in future periods. This expense will be recognized over the remaining service period applicable to the grantees which, on a weighted-average basis, is approximately 2.0 years.
The stock options granted, forfeited, exercised and expired in the period indicated were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||
Average | Aggregate | Average | Aggregate | ||||||||||||
# of | Exercise | Exercise | Remaining | Intrinsic | |||||||||||
Shares | Price | Price | Contractual Term | Value (1) | |||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of period | 1,561,517 | $ | 54.89 | $ | 85,710 | ||||||||||
Granted | 258,000 | $ | 121.56 | 31,362 | |||||||||||
Forfeited | (1,000 | ) | $ | 51.20 | (51 | ) | |||||||||
Exercised | (209,044 | ) | $ | 41.86 | (8,750 | ) | |||||||||
Expired | -- | $ | -- | -- | |||||||||||
Outstanding at end of period | 1,609,473 | $ | 67.27 | $ | 108,271 | 4.7 years | $69,431 | ||||||||
Exercisable at end of period | 1,152,025 | $ | 51.89 | $ | 59,777 | 3.8 years | $67,418 |
_____________________________
(1) | The aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options was calculated by multiplying the number of shares subject to the options outstanding or exercisable, as applicable, by the closing market price of our common stock on September 30, 2009, and subtracting the applicable aggregate exercise price. |
The following table sets forth information regarding the stock options granted and exercised in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Shares subject to stock options granted | -- | -- | 258,000 | 177,543 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average grant date fair value | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | 54.05 | $ | 36.83 | ||||||||
Shares subject to stock options exercised | 65,150 | 43,442 | 209,044 | 50,725 | ||||||||||||
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised | $ | 3,613 | $ | 1,839 | $ | 14,582 | $ | 2,096 | ||||||||
Proceeds received from stock options exercised | $ | 2,756 | $ | 1,996 | $ | 8,750 | $ | 2,271 | ||||||||
Tax benefits realized from stock options exercised | $ | 1,388 | $ | 706 | $ | 5,458 | $ | 796 |
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The intrinsic value of a stock option is the difference between the fair market value of the stock and the option exercise price.
The fair value of each stock option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the following assumptions:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||
Risk-free interest rates | Not applicable | Not applicable | 1.6% | 2.7% | |||
Expected lives (in years) | Not applicable | Not applicable | 4.5 | 4.0 | |||
Volatility | Not applicable | Not applicable | 54% | 53% | |||
Dividend yield | Not applicable | Not applicable | None | None |
The following table sets forth the number of shares of restricted stock and the restricted stock units ("RSUs") that were granted, forfeited and vested in the period indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||
# of Shares of Restricted Stock | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | # of RSUs | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Unvested at beginning of period | 19,440 | $ | 61.05 | 95,079 | $ | 82.95 | ||||||||||
Granted | -- | -- | 36,995 | $ | 116.43 | |||||||||||
Forfeited | -- | -- | (5,941 | ) | $ | 93.62 | ||||||||||
Vested | (19,440 | ) | $ | 61.05 | -- | -- | ||||||||||
Unvested at end of period | -- | $ | -- | 126,133 | $ | 92.27 |
The total fair market value of the shares vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was $1,938.
6. | Stock Repurchases |
As of September 30, 2009, 1,994,225 shares remained available for repurchase under the share repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”) authorized by our Board of Directors. The terms of the Repurchase Program provide that we may repurchase shares of our common stock, from time to time depending on market conditions and other considerations, in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Unless earlier terminated by our Board of Directors, the Repurchase Program will expire when we repurchase all shares authorized for repurchase thereunder.
The following table sets forth information regarding the shares of our common stock that we repurchased in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Number of shares | 827,842 | 184,700 | 1,977,875 | 1,049,700 | ||||||||||||
Total cost | $ | 84,492 | $ | 15,971 | $ | 208,828 | $ | 87,774 | ||||||||
Average cost per share | $ | 102.06 | $ | 86.47 | $ | 105.58 | $ | 83.62 |
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7. | Debt |
We are a party to an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of December 17, 2007 and amended as of March 19, 2009 (the “Credit Agreement”) with a single lender to borrow up to $160,000 under two revolving credit facilities: one in the maximum principal amount of $50,000; and the other in the maximum principal amount of $110,000. We can borrow under the credit facilities on either a secured or unsecured basis. Both revolving credit facilities under the Credit Agreement mature on July 1, 2010.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), plus an applicable margin based on our indebtedness to net worth ratio, adjusted quarterly. We pay a commitment fee of 0.15% per annum of the average daily unused amount of the credit facilities. As of September 30, 2009, the borrowings under the Credit Agreement were $150,000, all of which were secured and bore interest at a rate of 0.40% per annum. Approximately $157,950 of our investments and cash equivalents served as collateral for the secured borrowings as of September 30, 2009.
The following table sets forth the interest expense on our borrowings under the Credit Agreement that we recognized in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||
$ | 189 | $ | 1,012 | $ | 584 | $ | 3,536 |
8. | Investments |
In April 2009, the FASB amended the other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 320, “Investments – Debt and Equity Securities” (“ASC 320”), and became effective for us beginning with our disclosures for our second fiscal quarter of 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures because we did not hold any investments at September 30, 2009 that were impaired.
The following table sets forth how our investments were classified on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates indicated:
As of: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-Sale | Held-to-Maturity | Total | Available-for-Sale | Held-to-Maturity | Total | Available-for-Sale | Held-to-Maturity | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments | $ | 139,050 | $ | -- | $ | 139,050 | $ | 138,709 | $ | -- | $ | 138,709 | $ | 150,000 | $ | -- | $ | 150,000 |
The following table sets forth the aggregate fair value and the net unrealized gains included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) of our available-for-sale investments as of the dates indicated:
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As of: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Aggregate Fair Value | Net Unrealized Gains | Aggregate Fair Value | Net Unrealized Gains | Aggregate Fair Value | Net Unrealized Gains | |||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-Sale Investments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable rate demand notes | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | 30,500 | $ | -- | $ | 150,000 | $ | -- | ||||||||||||
Government obligations | 78,291 | 60 | 53,056 | 146 | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
Government agency obligations | 27,863 | 20 | 29,641 | 165 | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate obligations | 32,896 | 84 | 25,512 | 117 | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 139,050 | $ | 164 | $ | 138,709 | $ | 428 | $ | 150,000 | $ | -- |
We also held a certificate of deposit with a total principal value of $5,096 as of September 30, 2009. This investment is included in short-term investments on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The following table sets forth the components of investment income included in interest income in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | 655 | $ | 1,563 | $ | 2,766 | $ | 4,767 | ||||||||
Net realized gain on sale of investments | 61 | -- | 61 | -- | ||||||||||||
$ | 716 | $ | 1,563 | $ | 2,827 | $ | 4,767 |
The following table sets forth the contractual maturities of our debt securities classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2009:
Contractual Maturity | Available-for-Sale | |||
Due within five years | $ | 139,050 | ||
Due after five years through ten years | -- | |||
Due after ten years | -- | |||
$ | 139,050 |
9. | Note Receivable |
In the second and third fiscal quarters of 2009, we made advances to an unaffiliated third party, whose purpose is to purchase private education loans and sell participation interests in those loans. The third party used the advances from us to provide partial funding for private education loans made to our students. As of September 30, 2009, we had advanced $13,990 to this entity. The advances bear interest at a rate based on the Prime Rate plus an applicable margin. Substantially all of the assets of the third party serve as collateral for the advances. The advances are subject to customary terms and conditions and may be repaid at any time without penalty prior to their maturity date of August 21, 2024.
As a result of those advances, we held a variable interest in this third party, but we are not considered the primary beneficiary for purposes of including the financial results of this third party in our consolidated financial statements. If we had been required to include the financial results of this third party in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009, it would not have had a material effect.
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10. | Earnings Per Common Share |
Earnings per common share for all periods have been calculated in conformity with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”. This data is based on historical net income and the weighted average number of shares of our common stock outstanding during each period as set forth in the following table:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||
(In thousands) | |||||||
Shares: | |||||||
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding | 37,324 | 38,777 | 37,950 | 38,938 | |||
Shares assumed issued (less shares assumed purchased for treasury) | |||||||
for stock-based compensation | 439 | 418 | 462 | 353 | |||
Outstanding shares for diluted | |||||||
earnings per share calculation | 37,763 | 39,195 | 38,412 | 39,291 |
A total of 272,400 shares at September 30, 2009 and 265,825 shares at September 30, 2008 were excluded from the calculation of our diluted earnings per common share because the effect was anti-dilutive.
11. | Employee Pension Benefits |
The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost (benefit) of the ESI Pension Plan and ESI Excess Pension Plan for the periods indicated:
Three Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended September 30, | Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
Interest cost | $ | 779 | $ | 769 | $ | 2,327 | $ | 2,307 | ||||||||
Expected return on assets | (956 | ) | (1,307 | ) | (2,864 | ) | (3,921 | ) | ||||||||
Recognized net actuarial loss | 641 | -- | 1,773 | -- | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost | 7 | -- | 21 | -- | ||||||||||||
Net periodic pension cost (benefit) | $ | 471 | $ | (538 | ) | $ | 1,257 | $ | (1,614 | ) |
The benefit accruals under the ESI Pension Plan and ESI Excess Pension Plan were frozen effective March 31, 2006. As a result, no service cost has been included in the net periodic pension cost or benefit.
We made no contributions to the ESI Pension Plan during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. We do not expect to make any contributions to the ESI Pension Plan in 2009. We made no contributions to the ESI Excess Pension Plan in the three months ended September 30, 2009 and we contributed $528 in the nine months ended September 30, 2009. We contributed $1,251 to the ESI Excess Pension Plan in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.
12. | Contingencies |
As part of our normal operations, one of our insurers issues surety bonds for us that are required by various education authorities that regulate us. We are obligated to reimburse our insurer for any of those surety bonds that are paid by the insurer. As of September 30, 2009, the total face amount of those surety bonds was approximately $19,986.
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We are also subject to various claims and contingencies in the ordinary course of our business, including those related to litigation, business transactions, employee-related matters and taxes, among others. We cannot assure you of the ultimate outcome of any litigation involving us. Any litigation alleging violations of education or consumer protection laws and/or regulations, misrepresentation, fraud or deceptive practices may also subject our affected campuses to additional regulatory scrutiny.
Guarantees. In February 2009, we entered into an agreement with an unaffiliated third party whereby private education loans are provided to our students to help pay the students’ cost of education that student financial aid from federal, state and other sources do not cover (the “Private Student Loan Program”). In connection with the Private Student Loan Program, we entered into a risk sharing agreement (“2009 RSA”) under which we have guaranteed the repayment of any private education loans that are charged off above a certain percentage of the private education loans made under the Private Student Loan Program, based on the annual dollar volume. As of September 30, 2009, approximately $52,000 of private education loans had been made under the Private Student Loan Program. Our obligations under the 2009 RSA will remain in effect until all private education loans made under the Private Student Loan Program are paid in full or charged off. The standard repayment term for a private education loan made under the Private Student Loan Program is ten years, with repayment generally beginning six months after a student graduates or three months after a student withdraws or is terminated from his or her program of study. We did not record a liability for our guarantee obligations under the 2009 RSA as of September 30, 2009, because we do not anticipate that the private education loans charged off will exceed the percentage that would require us to make a payment under our guarantee.
Pursuant to the 2009 RSA, we are required to maintain collateral to secure our guarantee obligation in an amount equal to a percentage of the total private education loans disbursed to our students under the Private Student Loan Program. As of September 30, 2009, the total collateral maintained in a restricted bank account was not material. This amount is included in Other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2009. The 2009 RSA also requires that we comply with certain covenants, including that we maintain certain financial ratios which are measured on a quarterly basis. We were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2009.
We also are a party to a separate risk sharing agreement (the “2007 RSA”) with a different lender for certain private education loans that were made to our students in 2007 and early 2008. We guaranteed the repayment of any private education loans that the lender charges off above a certain percentage of the total dollar volume of private education loans made under this agreement. We will have the right to pursue repayment from the borrowers for those charged off private education loans under the 2007 RSA that we pay to the lender pursuant to our guarantee obligation. The 2007 RSA was terminated effective February 22, 2008, such that no private education loans have been or will be made under the 2007 RSA after that date. Our obligations under the 2007 RSA will remain in effect until all private education loans under the agreement are paid in full or charged off by the lender.
The maximum future payments that we could be required to make pursuant to our guarantee obligation under the 2007 RSA are affected by:
· | the amount of the private educations loans made under the 2007 RSA; |
· | the fact that those loans consist of a large number of loans of individually immaterial amounts; |
· | the interest and fees associated with those loans; |
· | the repayment performance of those loans; and |
· | when during the life of the loans they are charged off. |
As a result, we are not able to estimate the undiscounted maximum potential future payments that we could be required to make under the 2007 RSA. Our recorded liability related to the 2007 RSA as of September 30, 2009 was not material.
13. | Subsequent Event |
In the fourth quarter of 2009, we decided to change our accounting method for direct costs that relate to the enrollment of new students (“Direct Marketing Costs”). Under the accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs that we used through the third quarter of 2009, we capitalized and amortized those costs over the period during which the revenue streams from the associated contracts were recognized. Under our new accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs, we will expense those costs in the period incurred. We evaluated both methods of accounting and determined that expensing Direct Marketing Costs in the period incurred is a preferable accounting method under GAAP, primarily because it will improve the comparability of our financial statements to those of other publicly traded companies in our industry which generally expense such costs as incurred.
If we had expensed Direct Marketing Costs in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:
· | our net income would have decreased by approximately: |
· | $752 in the three months ended September 30, 2009; and |
· | $2,590 in the nine months ended September 30, 2009; and |
· | our total cash flows from operating activities, investing activities or financing activities would not have changed in either period. |
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Forward-Looking Statements
All statements, trend analyses and other information contained in this report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are made based on our management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. You can identify those statements by the use of words such as “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “will,” “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “plan,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “potential,” “intend,” “continue” and “contemplate,” as well as similar words and expressions. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and do not guarantee future performance. We cannot assure you that future developments affecting us will be those anticipated by our management. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements are the following:
· | business conditions and growth in the postsecondary education industry and in the general economy; |
· | changes in federal and state governmental regulations with respect to education and accreditation standards, or the interpretation or enforcement of those regulations, including, but not limited to, the level of government funding for, and our eligibility to participate in, student financial aid programs utilized by our students; |
· | our failure to comply with the extensive education laws and regulations and accreditation standards that we are subject to; |
· | effects of any change in our ownership resulting in a change in control, including, but not limited to, the consequences of such changes on the accreditation and federal and state regulation of our campuses; |
· | our ability to implement our growth strategies; |
· | our failure to maintain or renew required regulatory authorizations or accreditation of our campuses; |
· | receptivity of students and employers to our existing program offerings and new curricula; |
· | loss of access by our students to lenders for student loans; |
· | our ability to collect internally funded financing from our students; |
· | our exposure under our guarantees related to private student loan programs; and |
· | our ability to successfully defend litigation and other claims brought against us. |
Readers are also directed to other risks and uncertainties discussed in other documents we file with the SEC, including, without limitation, those discussed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the SEC and those discussed in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009 filed with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
Overview
You should keep in mind the following points as you read this report:
· | References in this document to “we,” “us,” “our” and “ITT/ESI” refer to ITT Educational Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries. |
· | The terms “ITT Technical Institute” or “Daniel Webster College” (in singular or plural form) refer to an individual campus owned and operated by ITT/ESI, including its learning sites, if any. The terms “institution” or “campus group” (in singular or plural form) mean a main campus and its additional locations, branch campuses and/or learning sites, if any. |
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the same titled section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the SEC for discussion of, among other matters, the following items:
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· | cash receipts from financial aid programs; |
· | nature of capital additions; |
· | seasonality of revenue; |
· | components of income statement captions; |
· | federal regulations regarding: |
· | timing of receipt of funds from the federal student financial aid programs under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (the “Title IV Programs”); |
· | percentage of applicable revenue that may be derived from the Title IV Programs; |
· | return of Title IV Program funds for withdrawn students; and |
· | default rates; |
· | private loan programs; |
· | investments; and |
· | repurchase of shares of our common stock. |
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates and judgments under different assumptions or conditions.
In this management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, when we discuss factors that contributed to a change in our financial condition or results of operations, we disclose the primary factors that materially contributed to that change.
Background
We are a leading provider of technology-oriented postsecondary education programs in the United States based on revenue and student enrollment. As of September 30, 2009, we were offering master, bachelor and associate degree programs to more than 79,000 students. As of September 30, 2009, we had 122 locations (including 113 campuses and nine learning sites) in 38 states. All of our locations are authorized by the applicable education authorities of the states in which they operate, and are accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by the ED. We design our education programs, after consultation with employers, to help graduates prepare for careers in various fields involving their areas of study. We have provided career-oriented education programs since 1969 under the “ITT Technical Institute” name and since June 2009 under the “Daniel Webster College” name.
In the third quarter of 2009, we began operations at five new ITT Technical Institute campuses. We plan to begin operations at three additional locations during the remainder of 2009. Our overall expansion plans include:
· | operating new campuses; |
· | adding learning sites to existing campuses; |
· | offering a broader range of both residence and online programs at our existing campuses; and |
· | increasing the number of our campuses that offer bachelor degree programs. |
On June 10, 2009, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of DWC for approximately $20.8 million in cash, net of cash acquired. DWC’s campus is located in Nashua, New Hampshire. DWC is authorized by the New Hampshire Postsecondary Education Commission and is accredited by the Commission on Institutions of Higher Education of the New England Association of Schools and Colleges. DWC offers programs of study at the master, bachelor and associate degree levels both in residence and through distance education.
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Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of DWC from the acquisition date. The revenue and expenses of DWC that were included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 were not material.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates and judgments under different assumptions or conditions. We have discussed the critical accounting policies that we believe affect our more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in the “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of the Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the SEC. There have been no material changes to those critical accounting policies or the underlying accounting estimates or judgments.
As described in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, we capitalized and amortized Direct Marketing Costs over the period during which the revenue streams from the associated contracts were recognized. This is an acceptable accounting method under, and in accordance with, GAAP. Other publicly traded companies in our industry expense Direct Marketing Costs in the period incurred, which is an alternative accounting method that is also acceptable under, and in accordance with, GAAP. In connection with a review by the SEC of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, we re-evaluated our accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs. We determined that expensing our Direct Marketing Costs in the period incurred is a preferable GAAP accounting method, primarily because it will improve the comparability of our financial statements with those of other publicly traded companies in our industry. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2009, we will change our accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs and begin expensing those costs in the period incurred.
As required by the accounting guidance for changes in accounting methods, the presentations of our financial statements for prior periods that we include in future press releases and SEC filings will be adjusted to reflect the accounting for Direct Marketing Costs under our new accounting method. The following table sets forth the effect that this change in accounting method would have had on our net income and diluted earnings per share in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands, except earnings per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Income as reported | $ | 75,360 | $ | 50,186 | $ | 209,212 | $ | 139,948 | ||||||||
Estimated effect of planned accounting change | (752 | ) | (446 | ) | (2,590 | ) | (1,298 | ) | ||||||||
Net income as adjusted | $ | 74,608 | $ | 49,740 | $ | 206,622 | $ | 138,650 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Diluted - as reported | $ | 2.00 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 5.45 | $ | 3.56 | ||||||||
Estimated effect of planned accounting change | (0.02 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.07 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted - as adjusted | $ | 1.98 | $ | 1.27 | $ | 5.38 | $ | 3.53 |
We believe that our diluted earnings per share in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009 will decrease approximately $0.08 as a result of our change in accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs. If we had used our new accounting method for Direct Marketing Costs in prior periods:
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· | our shareholders’ equity as of: |
· | September 30, 2009 would have decreased by approximately $16.6 million; and |
· | December 31, 2008 would have decreased by approximately $14.0 million; and |
· | our total cash flows from operating activities, investing activities or financing activities would not have changed in any period presented. |
New Accounting Guidance
In June 2009, the FASB established the Codification as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 105. All prior accounting standard documents were superseded by the Codification and any accounting literature not included in the Codification is no longer authoritative. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC issued under the authority of federal securities laws will continue to be sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification became effective for us beginning with our third fiscal quarter of 2009. Therefore, beginning with our third fiscal quarter of 2009, all references made by us to GAAP use the new Codification numbering system. The Codification does not change or alter existing GAAP and, therefore, it did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
The following new accounting guidance became effective for us beginning with our second fiscal quarter of 2009:
· | General standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued were included in the Codification under ASC 855. We performed an evaluation of subsequent events through October 21, 2009, and we issued our financial statements on October 22, 2009. |
· | Disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods were included in the Codification under ASC 825. See Note 4 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the required disclosures. |
· | Additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased was included in the Codification under ASC 820. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures. |
· | Other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements was included in the Codification under ASC 320. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures. |
The following new accounting guidance became effective for us beginning with our first fiscal quarter of 2009:
· | Accounting for financial guarantee insurance contracts, including the recognition and measurement of premium revenue and claim liabilities, was included in the Codification under ASC 944. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Expanded disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities were included in the Codification under ASC 815. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest of a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary were included in the Codification under ASC 810. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Principles and requirements for how a company recognizes and measures assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests acquired or assumed in a business combination were included in the Codification under ASC 805. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | Reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties and the definition of collaborative arrangements were included in the Codification under ASC 808. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
· | The delay of the effective date of the fair value standards for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, was included in the Codification under ASC 820. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. |
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In June 2009, the FASB set forth certain requirements to improve the financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities and to provide more relevant and reliable information to users of financial statements. This guidance is effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2010. We have not determined the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Also in June 2009, the FASB issued guidance to improve transparency about transfers of financial assets and a transferor’s continuing involvement, if any, with transferred financial assets. It also clarified the requirement for isolation and limitations on portions of financial assets that are eligible for sale accounting, eliminated exceptions for qualifying special-purpose entities from the consolidation guidance and eliminated the exception that permitted sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when a transferor has not surrendered control over the financial assets. This guidance is effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2010. We have not determined the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In December 2008, the FASB issued guidance to enhance disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. This guidance was included in the Codification under ASC 715. These disclosures are intended to provide users of financial statements with a greater understanding of how investment allocation decisions are made, the major categories of plan assets, the inputs and valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of plan assets and significant concentrations of risk within plan assets. This provision of ASC 715 will apply to our plan asset disclosures beginning with our fiscal year ending December 31, 2009.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the percentage relationship of certain statement of income data to revenue for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||
Revenue | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||||
Cost of educational services | 34.4% | 37.4% | 34.8% | 38.4% | ||||
Student services and administrative expenses | 29.5% | 30.8% | 29.2% | 30.9% | ||||
Operating income | 36.1% | 31.8% | 36.0% | 30.7% | ||||
Interest income, net | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | ||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 36.3% | 32.0% | 36.2% | 30.9% |
The following table sets forth our total student enrollment as of the dates indicated:
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Total | Increase | Total | Increase | |||||
Total Student | Student | Over | Student | Over | ||||
Enrollment as of: | Enrollment (1) | Prior Year (1) | Enrollment | Prior Year | ||||
March 31 | 65,620 | 21.1% | 54,194 | 9.9% | ||||
June 30 | 69,889 | 27.6% | 54,793 | 12.1% | ||||
September 30 | 79,208 | 28.7% | 61,556 | 14.7% | ||||
December 31 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 61,983 | 16.9% |
_____________________________
(1) | Students enrolled at Daniel Webster College have been included beginning with the June 30, 2009 period. |
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Total student enrollment includes all new and continuing students. A continuing student is any student who, in the academic term being measured, is enrolled in a program of study at one of our campuses and was enrolled in the same program at any of our campuses at the end of the immediately preceding academic term. A new student is any student who, in the academic term being measured, enrolls in and begins attending any program of study at one of our campuses:
· | for the first time at that campus; |
· | after graduating in a prior academic term from a different program of study at that campus; or |
· | after having withdrawn or been terminated from a program of study at that campus. |
The following table sets forth our new student enrollment in the periods indicated:
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
New Student Enrollment | New | Increase | New | Increase | ||||
in the Three | Student | Over | Student | Over | ||||
Months Ended: | Enrollment (1) | Prior Year (1) | Enrollment | Prior Year | ||||
March 31 | 18,935 | 36.8% | 13,844 | 8.7% | ||||
June 30 | 19,692 | 33.5% | 14,751 | 22.5% | ||||
September 30 | 27,738 | 27.2% | 21,807 | 19.4% | ||||
December 31 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 14,911 | 29.2% | ||||
Total for the year | Not applicable | Not applicable | 65,313 | 19.6% |
_____________________________
(1) | New students enrolled at Daniel Webster College have been included beginning with the September 30, 2009 period. |
We believe that economic downturns in the United States, in particular those that result in higher unemployment rates among unskilled workers, have historically been associated with increased student enrollment at postsecondary educational institutions. Based on this, we believe that the current economic recession in the United States which has given rise to higher unemployment among unskilled workers has contributed to the year-over-year increases in our new and total student enrollment in each of the past few fiscal quarters. These increases have had a material favorable effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. There are a number of other factors, however, that affect student enrollment, and we cannot assure you that this trend will continue or we will continue to experience similar financial and operating results. In addition, tighter credit markets in the United States have contributed to reduced availability of private education loans from third-party lenders to our students and, as a result, have led to an increase in the amount of internal student financing that we have provided to our students. See “—Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources—Student Financing Update” below.
We generally organize the academic schedule for programs of study offered at our campuses on the basis of four 12-week academic quarters or two 14-week academic semesters in a calendar year. The academic quarters typically begin in early March, mid-June, early September and late November or early December, and the academic semesters typically begin in early September and mid-January. To measure the persistence of our students, the number of continuing students in any academic term is divided by the total student enrollment in the immediately preceding academic term.
The following table sets forth the rates of our students’ persistence as of the dates indicated:
Student Persistence as of (1): | ||||||||
Year | March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | ||||
2007 | 78.0% | 74.7% | 72.4% | 77.3% | ||||
2008 | 76.1% | 73.9% | 72.5% | 76.5% | ||||
2009 | 75.3% | 75.3% | 73.6% | Not applicable |
_____________________________
(1) | Students enrolled at Daniel Webster College have been included beginning with the rate as of September 30, 2009. |
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The decrease in the student persistence rate as of March 31, 2008 compared to the same point in 2007 was primarily due to a change in our 2008 academic calendar, which eliminated a break in classes in the first quarter of 2008 compared to the first quarter of 2007. We believe that this change in the academic calendar resulted in approximately 500 additional student withdrawals occurring in the first quarter of 2008 than would have occurred if we had not changed the academic calendar. The decrease in our students’ persistence as of June 30, 2008, December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009 compared to the corresponding date in the prior year was primarily due to the higher number of students who graduated during each of the more recent three-month periods compared to the corresponding period in the prior year.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2008. Revenue increased $85.4 million, or 33.6%, to $339.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $254.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factors that contributed to this increase included, in order of significance:
· | a 27.6% increase in total student enrollment at June 30, 2009 compared to June 30, 2008; |
· | a 5.0% increase in tuition rates implemented in March 2009; and |
· | a 140 basis point increase in the student persistence rate as of June 30, 2009 compared to June 30, 2008. |
The primary factors that contributed to the increase in student enrollment included, in order of significance:
· | student enrollment growth in programs of study and at locations that were in operation prior to 2008; |
· | new programs of study offered at our campuses; and |
· | operating new campuses. |
Cost of educational services increased $21.7 million, or 22.9%, to $116.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $95.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factors that contributed to this increase included, in order of significance:
· | the costs required to service the increased total student enrollment; and |
· | increased costs associated with operating new campuses. |
The increase in cost of educational services was partially offset by greater leverage of our fixed costs in the operation of our campuses.
Cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue decreased 300 basis points to 34.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 37.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to this decrease was greater leverage of our fixed costs in the operation of our campuses. The decrease in cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue was partially offset by the costs associated with operating new campuses.
Student services and administrative expenses increased $21.7 million, or 27.6%, to $100.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $78.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The principal causes of this increase included, in order of significance:
· | an increase in bad debt expense associated with increases in the amount of internal student financing; and |
· | an increase in compensation and benefit costs associated with a greater number of employees. |
Student services and administrative expenses decreased to 29.5% of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 30.8% of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The principal cause of this decrease was our ability to leverage our centralized services over a larger base of operations and media advertising costs increasing at a lower rate than the increase in revenue. The decrease in student services and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue was partially offset by an increase in bad debt expense. Bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 6.8% in the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to 5.0% in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to this increase was an increase in the amount of internal student financing that we provided to our students. We believe that our bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue will be in the range of 5.0% to 7.0% in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009.
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Operating income increased $42.0 million, or 52.0%, to $122.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $80.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008, as a result of the impact of the factors discussed above in connection with revenue, cost of educational services, and student services and administrative expenses. Our operating margin increased to 36.1% in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 31.8% in the three months ended September 30, 2008, as a result of the impact of the factors discussed above.
Interest income decreased $0.8 million, or 54.2%, to $0.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $1.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008, primarily due to a decrease in investment returns in the overall market. Interest expense decreased $0.8 million, or 81.1%, to $0.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $1.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008, due to a decrease in the effective interest rate on our revolving credit facilities.
Our combined federal and state effective income tax rate was 38.9% in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 38.3% in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to the increase of 60 basis points in the effective income tax rate was the lower amount of tax exempt investment income in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008. Revenue increased $209.3 million, or 28.5%, to $944.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $735.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factors that contributed to this increase included, in order of significance:
· | a 27.6% increase in total student enrollment at June 30, 2009 compared to June 30, 2008; |
· | a 21.1% increase in total student enrollment at March 31, 2009 compared to March 31, 2008; |
· | a 5.0% increase in tuition rates implemented in each of March 2009 and March 2008; and |
· | a 16.9% increase in total student enrollment at December 31, 2008 compared to December 31, 2007. |
The primary factors that contributed to the increase in student enrollment included, in order of significance:
· | student enrollment growth in programs of study and at locations that were in operation prior to 2008; |
· | new programs of study offered at our campuses; and |
· | operating new campuses. |
Cost of educational services increased $46.4 million, or 16.4%, to $328.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $282.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factors that contributed to this increase included, in order of significance:
· | the costs required to service the increased total student enrollment; and |
· | increased costs associated with operating new campuses. |
The increase in cost of educational services was partially offset by, in order of significance:
· | greater leverage of our fixed costs in the operation of our campuses; and |
· | decreased costs associated with decreased sales of laptop computers. |
Cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue decreased 360 basis points to 34.8% in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 38.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to this decrease was greater leverage of our fixed costs in the operation of our campuses, including lower occupancy costs as a percentage of revenue. The decrease in cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue was partially offset by the costs associated with operating new campuses.
Student services and administrative expenses increased $48.5 million, or 21.3%, to $276.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $227.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The principal causes of this increase included, in order of significance:
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· | an increase in bad debt expense associated with increases in the amount of internal student financing; and |
· | an increase in compensation and benefit costs associated with a greater number of employees. |
Student services and administrative expenses decreased to 29.2% of revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 30.9% of revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary cause of this decrease was our ability to leverage our centralized services over a larger base of operations and media advertising costs increasing at a lower rate than the increase in revenue. The decrease in student services and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue was partially offset by an increase in bad debt expense. Bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 5.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to 4.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to this increase was an increase in the amount of internal student financing that we provided to our students. We believe that our bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue will be in the range of 5.0% to 7.0% in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009.
Operating income increased $114.4 million, or 50.7%, to $340.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $225.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, as a result of the impact of the factors discussed above in connection with revenue, cost of educational services, and student services and administrative expenses. Our operating margin increased to 36.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 30.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, as a result of the impact of the factors discussed above.
Interest income decreased $1.9 million, or 40.8%, to $2.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $4.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, primarily due to a decrease in investment returns in the overall market. Interest expense decreased $3.0 million, or 83.5%, to $0.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $3.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, due to a decrease in the effective interest rate on our revolving credit facilities.
Our combined federal and state effective income tax rate was 38.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to 38.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The primary factor that contributed to the increase of 60 basis points in the effective income tax rate was the lower amount of tax exempt investment income in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents were $131.0 million as of September 30, 2009 compared to $226.3 million as of December 31, 2008 and $136.7 million as of September 30, 2008. We also had short-term investments of $144.1 million as of September 30, 2009 compared to $138.7 million as of December 31, 2008 and $150.0 million as of September 30, 2008. In total, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were $275.1 million as of September 30, 2009 compared to $365.0 million as of December 31, 2008 and $286.7 million as of September 30, 2008. The $89.9 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as of September 30, 2009 compared to December 31, 2008 was primarily due to repurchases of our common stock and the acquisition of DWC. This decrease was partially offset by cash flows from operating activities.
We are required to recognize the funded status of our defined benefit postretirement plans on our balance sheet. We recorded a liability of $0.5 million for the ESI Pension Plan, a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan commonly referred to as a cash balance plan, and a liability of $0.2 million for the ESI Excess Pension Plan, a nonqualified, unfunded retirement plan, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2009.
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We do not expect to make any contribution to the ESI Pension Plan in 2009. We contributed $0.5 million to the ESI Excess Pension Plan in April 2009.
Operations. Cash from operating activities was $75.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $59.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008. The $15.9 million increase in operating cash flow was primarily due to an increase in funds received from higher student enrollments. The increase was partially offset by higher income tax payments resulting from higher operating income.
Cash from operating activities increased $67.7 million to $157.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $90.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, primarily due to higher student enrollments and additional financial aid available to students. The increase was partially offset by:
· | a decrease in funds received from private education loans made to our students by third-party lenders; and |
· | higher income tax payments primarily resulting from higher operating income. |
Accounts receivable less allowance for doubtful accounts was $93.8 million as of September 30, 2009 compared to $33.3 million as of September 30, 2008. Days sales outstanding was 25.4 days at September 30, 2009 and 12.1 days at September 30, 2008. Both increases were primarily due to increases in internal student financing resulting from the reduction in the availability of third-party private education loans for our students. Although we entered into the Private Student Loan Program, our higher student enrollment and student retention caused the demand for those private education loans to surpass the total loan amount available under the Private Student Loan Program during the first nine months of 2009. We believe that our days sales outstanding at the end of 2009 will be in the range of 25 to 35 days.
Investing. In the three months ended September 30, 2009, we spent $0.7 million to renovate, expand or construct buildings at nine of our locations, compared to $3.9 million for similar expenditures at 14 of our locations in the three months ended September 30, 2008. In the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we spent $2.5 million to renovate, expand or construct buildings at 15 of our locations, compared to $1.5 million to purchase a parcel of land on which we built a facility and $15.6 million to purchase, renovate, expand or construct buildings at 17 of our locations in the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
Capital expenditures, excluding facility and land purchases and facility construction, totaled:
· | $3.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $4.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008; and |
· | $15.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to $12.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008. |
These expenditures consisted primarily of classroom and laboratory equipment (such as computers and electronic equipment), classroom and office furniture, software and leasehold improvements. We also spent $20.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 to acquire substantially all of the assets and assume certain liabilities of DWC. These assets included the land, buildings, furniture, equipment and other operating assets of DWC. We plan to continue to upgrade and expand current facilities and equipment throughout the remainder of 2009. Cash generated from operations is expected to be sufficient to fund our capital expenditure requirements.
Financing. We are a party to the Credit Agreement which provides that we may borrow up to $160.0 million under two revolving credit facilities: one in the maximum principal amount of $50.0 million; and the other in the maximum principal amount of $110.0 million. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are used to allow us to continue repurchasing shares of our common stock while maintaining compliance with certain financial ratios required by the ED, the state education authorities that regulate our locations and the accrediting agencies that accredit our locations.
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Both revolving credit facilities under the Credit Agreement mature on July 1, 2010. The borrowings under each credit facility may be secured or unsecured at our election, provided that we have not defaulted under the Credit Agreement, in which case, any borrowings made on a secured basis must remain secured. Cash equivalents and investments held in a pledged account serve as the collateral for any secured borrowings under the Credit Agreement.
The availability of borrowings under the Credit Agreement is subject to our ability at the time of borrowing to satisfy certain specified conditions. These conditions include the absence of default by us, as defined in the Credit Agreement, and that certain representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement continue to be true and accurate. We are also required to maintain a certain maximum leverage ratio and a minimum ratio of cash and investments to outstanding indebtedness at the end of each of our fiscal quarters. We were in compliance with those ratio requirements as of September 30, 2009.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin based on our indebtedness to net worth ratio, adjusted quarterly. We pay a commitment fee of 0.15% per annum of the average daily unused amount of the credit facilities. As of September 30, 2009, the borrowings under the Credit Agreement were $150.0 million, all of which were secured, and bore interest at a rate of 0.40% per annum. Approximately $158.0 million of our investments and cash equivalents served as collateral for the secured borrowings as of September 30, 2009.
Our Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase shares of our common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act under the Repurchase Program. The following table sets forth information regarding our share repurchase activity in the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Number of shares | 827,842 | 184,700 | 1,977,875 | 1,049,700 | ||||||||||||
Total cost | $ | 84,492 | $ | 15,971 | $ | 208,828 | $ | 87,774 | ||||||||
Average price per share | $ | 102.06 | $ | 86.47 | $ | 105.58 | $ | 83.62 |
The shares that remained available for repurchase under the Repurchase Program were 1,994,225 as of September 30, 2009. Pursuant to the Board’s stock repurchase authorization, we plan to repurchase additional shares of our common stock from time to time in the future depending on market conditions and other considerations.
We believe that cash generated from operations and our investments will be adequate to satisfy our working capital, loan repayment and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future. We also believe that any reduction in cash and cash equivalents or investments that may result from their use to provide student financing, purchase facilities, construct facilities, repay loans or repurchase shares of our common stock will not have a material adverse effect on our expansion plans, planned capital expenditures, ability to meet any applicable regulatory financial responsibility standards or ability to conduct normal operations.
Student Financing Update. In 2008, primarily as a result of tighter credit markets, we provided increased internal financing to our students who failed to qualify for private education loans made by third-party lenders. This led to increases in our bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue and days sales outstanding, and a decrease in our cash flows from operating activities, in 2008 as compared to 2007.
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In February 2009, we entered into the Private Student Loan Program whereby private education loans are made to our eligible students, up to a specified amount. The Private Student Loan Program covers the three year period of 2009, 2010 and 2011. In connection with the Private Student Loan Program, we entered into the 2009 RSA. See Note 12 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and “—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” below for further discussion of the 2009 RSA.
We have provided, and intend to continue providing, internal student financing to our students who fail to qualify for private education loans made by third-party lenders in 2009. The amount of internal student financing that we may need to provide our students in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009 will depend on various factors, including:
· | the increased amounts of grants, loans and other federal financial aid that are available to our students under the Title IV Programs in 2009 under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008 and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009; |
· | the amount available under the Private Student Loan Program; and |
· | the underwriting standards used by the lenders that offer other private education loans to our students. |
As a result, we believe that our days sales outstanding at the end of 2009 will be in the range of 25 to 35 days and bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009 will be in the range of 5% to 7%.
In our experience so far in 2009, lenders have continued to make Title IV Program loans to our students. We have, however, prepared our campuses in the event that our students need to access the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program for Title IV Program loans in the future.
Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our specified contractual obligations as of September 30, 2009:
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | 1-3 | 3-5 | More than | |||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | 1 Year | Years | Years | 5 Years | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations | $ | 171,752 | $ | 39,079 | $ | 66,124 | $ | 45,914 | $ | 20,635 | ||||||||||
Long-term debt, including scheduled interest payments | $ | 150,450 | $ | 150,450 | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | -- | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 322,202 | $ | 189,529 | $ | 66,124 | $ | 45,914 | $ | 20,635 |
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The long-term debt represents our revolving credit facilities under the Credit Agreement and assumes that the $150.0 million outstanding balance under the facilities as of September 30, 2009 will be outstanding at all times through the date of maturity. The amounts shown include the principal payments that will be due upon maturity as well as interest payments and commitment fees. Interest payments have been calculated based on their scheduled payment dates using the interest rate charged on our borrowings as of September 30, 2009.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2009, we leased our non-owned facilities under operating lease agreements. A majority of the operating leases contain renewal options that can be exercised after the initial lease term. Renewal options are generally for periods of one to five years. All operating leases will expire over the next 14 years and management believes that:
· | those leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases in the normal course of business; |
· | we may purchase the facilities represented by those leases; or |
· | we may purchase or build other replacement facilities. |
There are no material restrictions imposed by the lease agreements, and we have not entered into any significant guarantees related to the leases. We are required to make additional payments under the terms of certain operating leases for taxes, insurance and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period.
As part of our normal course of operations, one of our insurers issues surety bonds for us that are required by various education authorities that regulate us. We are obligated to reimburse our insurer for any of those surety bonds that are paid by the insurer. As of September 30, 2009, the total face amount of those surety bonds was approximately $20.0 million.
In February 2009, we entered into the Private Student Loan Program. In connection with the Private Student Loan Program, we entered into the 2009 RSA under which we have guaranteed the repayment of any private education loans that are charged off above a certain percentage of the private education loans made under the Private Student Loan Program, based on the annual dollar volume. As of September 30, 2009, approximately $52.0 million of private education loans had been made under the Private Student Loan Program. Our obligations under the 2009 RSA will remain in effect until all private education loans made under the Private Student Loan Program are paid in full or charged off. The standard repayment term for a private education loan made under the Private Student Loan Program is ten years, with repayment generally beginning six months after a student graduates or three months after a student withdraws or is terminated from his or her program of study. We did not record a liability for our guarantee obligations under the 2009 RSA as of September 30, 2009, because we do not anticipate that the private education loans charged off will exceed the percentage that would require us to make a payment under our guarantee.
Pursuant to the 2009 RSA, we are required to maintain collateral to secure our guarantee obligation in an amount equal to a percentage of the total private education loans disbursed to our students under the Private Student Loan Program. As of September 30, 2009, the total collateral maintained in a restricted bank account was not material. The 2009 RSA also requires that we comply with certain covenants, including that we maintain certain financial ratios which are measured on a quarterly basis. We were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2009.
In addition, in the second and third fiscal quarters of 2009 we made advances to the unaffiliated third party that is holding the private education loans made to our students under the Private Student Loan Program. We made the advances, which bear interest, so that the third party could use those funds to provide additional funding for the private education loans, instead of retaining the funds ourselves and providing internal student financing, which is non-interest bearing. As of September 30, 2009, we had advanced $14.0 million to this third party. The advances bear interest at a rate based on the Prime Rate plus an applicable margin. Substantially all of the assets of the third party serve as collateral for the advances. The advances are subject to customary terms and conditions and may be repaid at any time without penalty prior to their maturity date of August 21, 2024.
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We also are a party to the 2007 RSA with a different lender for certain private education loans that were made to our students in 2007 and early 2008. We guaranteed the repayment of any private education loans that the lender charges off above a certain percentage of the total dollar volume of private education loans made under this agreement. We will have the right to pursue repayment from the borrowers for those charged off private education loans under the 2007 RSA that we pay to the lender pursuant to our guarantee obligation. The 2007 RSA was terminated effective February 22, 2008, such that no private education loans have been or will be made under the 2007 RSA after that date. Our obligations under the 2007 RSA will remain in effect until all private education loans under the agreement are paid in full or charged off by the lender. Our recorded liability related to the 2007 RSA as of September 30, 2009 was not material.
Based on the prior repayment history of our students with respect to private education loans, we do not believe that our guarantee obligations under either RSA will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. See Note 12 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the RSAs.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
In the normal course of our business, we are subject to fluctuations in interest rates that could impact the return on our investments and the cost of our financing activities. Our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term interest rates and the LIBOR.
Our investments consist primarily of government and governmental obligations and marketable debt securities. We estimate that the market risk associated with these investments can best be measured by a potential decrease in the fair value of these investments from a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates. If such a hypothetical increase in rates were to occur, the reduction in the market value of our portfolio of marketable securities would not be material.
Changes in the LIBOR would affect the borrowing costs associated with our revolving credit facilities. We estimate that the market risk can best be measured by a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in the LIBOR. If such a hypothetical increase in the LIBOR were to occur, the effect on results from operations and cash flow would not have been material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
(a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. |
We are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (“DCP”) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed by us under the Exchange Act is: (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and (b) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating our DCP, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and that our management’s duties require it to make its best judgment regarding the design of our DCP. As of the end of our third fiscal quarter of 2009, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision (and with the participation) of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our DCP pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our DCP were effective.
(b) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. |
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings. |
We are subject to various claims and contingencies in the ordinary course of our business, including those related to litigation, business transactions, employee-related matters and taxes, among others. We cannot assure you of the ultimate outcome of any litigation involving us. Any litigation alleging violations of education or consumer protection laws and/or regulations, misrepresentation, fraud or deceptive practices may also subject our affected campuses to additional regulatory scrutiny.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties we describe in both our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009 before deciding to invest in, or retain, shares of our common stock. These are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we do not currently know about, we currently believe are immaterial or we have not predicted may also harm our business operations or adversely affect us. If any of these risks or uncertainties actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows could be materially adversely affected. There have been no material changes from the risk factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. |
The following table sets forth information regarding purchases made by us of shares of our common stock on a monthly basis in the three months ended September 30, 2009:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | ||||||||||||||||
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) | ||||||||||||
July 1, 2009 through July 31, 2009 | 160,015 | (2) | $ | 97.44 | 160,000 | 2,662,067 | ||||||||||
August 1, 2009 through August 31, 2009 | 667,860 | (3) | 103.17 | 667,842 | 1,994,225 | |||||||||||
September 1, 2009 through September 30, 2009 | 17 | (4) | 105.96 | -- | 1,994,225 | |||||||||||
Total | 827,892 | (5) | $ | 102.06 | 827,842 |
_____________________________
(1) | Our Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase the following number of shares of our common stock pursuant to the Repurchase Program: |
Number of Shares | Board Authorization Date | |
2,000,000 | April 1999 | |
2,000,000 | April 2000 | |
5,000,000 | October 2002 | |
5,000,000 | April 2006 | |
5,000,000 | April 2007 |
The shares that remained available for repurchase under the Repurchase Program were 1,994,225 as of September 30, 2009. The terms of the Repurchase Program provide that we may repurchase shares of our common stock, from time to time depending on market conditions and other considerations, in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. Unless earlier terminated by our Board of Directors, the Repurchase Program will expire when we repurchase all shares authorized for repurchase thereunder.
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(2) | Includes 15 shares of our common stock that were tendered to us by employees to satisfy the income tax obligations associated with the vesting of certain restricted stock awards held by those employees. |
(3) | Includes 18 shares of our common stock that were tendered to us by employees to satisfy the income tax obligations associated with the vesting of certain restricted stock awards held by those employees. |
(4) | Includes 17 shares of our common stock that were tendered to us by employees to satisfy the income tax obligations associated with the vesting of certain restricted stock awards held by those employees. |
(5) | Includes 50 shares of our common stock that were tendered to us by employees to satisfy the income tax obligations associated with the vesting of certain restricted stock awards held by those employees. |
Item 6. Exhibits.
A list of exhibits required to be filed as part of this report is set forth in the Index to Exhibits, which immediately precedes the exhibits, and is incorporated herein by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ITT Educational Services, Inc. |
Date: October 22, 2009 |
By: /s/ Daniel M. Fitzpatrick |
Daniel M. Fitzpatrick |
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
(Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer |
and Principal Accounting Officer) |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description |
3.1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as Amended to Date (incorporated herein by reference from the same exhibit number to ITT/ESI’s 2005 second fiscal quarter report on Form 10-Q) |
3.2 | Restated By-Laws, as Amended to Date (incorporated herein by reference from the same exhibit number to ITT/ESI’s current report on Form 8-K dated January 19, 2009) |
31.1 | Chief Executive Officer’s Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
31.2 | Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
32.1 | Chief Executive Officer’s Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |
32.2 | Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |