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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q/A
(Amendment No. 1)
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-13144
ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 36-2061311 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
13000 North Meridian Street Carmel, Indiana | 46032-1404 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (317) 706-9200
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
46,314,804
Number of shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value, outstanding at September 30, 2005
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
Carmel, Indiana
Quarterly Report to Securities and Exchange Commission
September 30, 2005
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-Q/A (“Form 10-Q/A”) to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2005, initially filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on October 27, 2005 (“Original Filing”), reflects a restatement (“Restatement”) of our Consolidated Financial Statements as discussed in Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The determination to restate those financial statements was made as a result of our management’s identification of errors related to how we reported restricted cash and where we reported the tax benefit from stock option exercises on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Those errors were identified as a result of additional controls and enhanced procedures that we adopted during the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements in connection with the financial reporting close process of our 2005 fiscal year that ended on December 31, 2005. Further information on the effect of the Restatement on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows can be found in Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
This Form 10-Q/A only amends and restates Items 1, 2 and 4 of Part I of the Original Filing. References to this “Form 10-Q” have been revised to refer to this “Form 10-Q/A,” and references to our Annual Report on “Form 10-K” as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2004 have been revised to refer to the “Form 10-K/A” filed for that year. Although this Form 10-Q/A contains all of the items required to be included in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, no other information in the Original Filing is amended hereby. The foregoing items have not been updated to reflect other events occurring after the Original Filing or to modify or update those disclosures affected by subsequent events. In addition, pursuant to the rules of the SEC, Item 6 of Part II of the Original Filing has been amended to contain the currently dated certifications from our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Updated certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are attached to this Form 10-Q/A as Exhibits 31.1, 31.2, 32.1 and 32.2.
Except for the foregoing amended information, this Form10-Q/A continues to speak as of the date of the Original Filing, and we have not updated the disclosure contained herein to reflect events that occurred at a later date. Other events occurring after the filing of the Original Filing or other disclosures necessary to reflect subsequent events have been addressed in our reports filed with the SEC subsequent to the filing of the Original Filing.
With this filing, we have amended the Original Filing. As such, our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 and the related financial information contained in the Original Filing should no longer be relied upon.
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
INDEX
Page | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2005 and 2004 (unaudited) and December 31, 2004 | 3 | |
4 | ||
5 | ||
6 | ||
7 |
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)
As of | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 20,066 | $ | 9,389 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||
Restricted cash | — | 8,194 | — | |||||||||
Short-term investments | 374,408 | 332,570 | 290,430 | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 17,880 | 10,430 | 14,041 | |||||||||
Deferred and prepaid income tax | 5,449 | 6,587 | 4,842 | |||||||||
Prepaids and other current assets | 12,104 | 5,611 | 5,572 | |||||||||
Total current assets | 429,907 | 372,781 | 336,876 | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 123,616 | 98,746 | 92,515 | |||||||||
Direct marketing costs | 16,852 | 14,713 | 13,813 | |||||||||
Investments | 2,065 | 6,363 | 3,275 | |||||||||
Other assets | 572 | 786 | 989 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 573,012 | $ | 493,389 | $ | 447,468 | ||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 40,074 | $ | 33,769 | $ | 48,148 | ||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 16,529 | 16,122 | 17,499 | |||||||||
Other accrued liabilities | 21,093 | 26,418 | 29,866 | |||||||||
Deferred revenue | 152,331 | 156,792 | 136,094 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities | 230,027 | 233,101 | 231,607 | |||||||||
Deferred income tax | 10,300 | 12,842 | 4,814 | |||||||||
Minimum pension liability | 9,101 | 9,101 | 7,012 | |||||||||
Other liabilities | 7,064 | 3,271 | 3,020 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 256,492 | 258,315 | 246,453 | |||||||||
Shareholders’ equity | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding | — | — | — | |||||||||
Common stock, $.01 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized, 54,068,904 issued and outstanding | 540 | 540 | 540 | |||||||||
Capital surplus | 63,832 | 59,657 | 58,866 | |||||||||
Retained earnings | 364,366 | 293,910 | 260,241 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (5,532 | ) | (5,532 | ) | (4,263 | ) | ||||||
Treasury stock, 7,754,100, 8,074,919 and 8,131,828 shares, at cost | (106,686 | ) | (113,501 | ) | (114,369 | ) | ||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 316,520 | 235,074 | 201,015 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 573,012 | $ | 493,389 | $ | 447,468 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 176,764 | $ | 157,945 | $ | 505,699 | $ | 450,606 | |||||
Costs and expenses | |||||||||||||
Cost of educational services | 81,407 | 75,033 | 243,323 | 229,536 | |||||||||
Student services and administrative expenses | 49,347 | 43,771 | 150,706 | 130,265 | |||||||||
Special legal and other investigation costs | (6,493 | ) | 9,837 | 1,219 | 25,143 | ||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 124,261 | 128,641 | 395,248 | 384,944 | |||||||||
Operating income | 52,503 | 29,304 | 110,451 | 65,662 | |||||||||
Interest income, net | 2,064 | 959 | 5,983 | 2,316 | |||||||||
Income before income taxes | 54,567 | 30,263 | 116,434 | 67,978 | |||||||||
Income taxes | 20,154 | 11,803 | 44,592 | 26,512 | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 34,413 | $ | 18,460 | $ | 71,842 | $ | 41,466 | |||||
Earnings per share: | |||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.74 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 1.56 | $ | 0.91 | |||||
Diluted | $ | 0.73 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 1.52 | $ | 0.89 | |||||
Weighted average shares: | |||||||||||||
Basic | 46,292 | 45,871 | 46,186 | 45,735 | |||||||||
Diluted | 47,257 | 46,743 | 47,157 | 46,759 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
(Restated, See Note 12) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 34,413 | $ | 18,460 | $ | 71,842 | $ | 41,466 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,043 | 3,920 | 12,781 | 13,708 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 2,931 | 2,803 | 8,830 | 7,704 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1,016 | (52 | ) | (1,404 | ) | (1,812 | ) | |||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 852 | 1,277 | 3,821 | 5,743 | ||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | — | — | 8,194 | 8,496 | ||||||||||||
Short-term investments | — | (6,895 | ) | — | 4,448 | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (7,089 | ) | (5,524 | ) | (16,280 | ) | (12,347 | ) | ||||||||
Prepaids and other assets | 2,851 | 1,308 | (6,279 | ) | (2,116 | ) | ||||||||||
Direct marketing costs, net | (355 | ) | (887 | ) | (2,139 | ) | (2,969 | ) | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (359 | ) | 732 | 5,365 | 23,453 | |||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 11,985 | 13,573 | (4,461 | ) | 5,730 | |||||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities | 50,288 | 28,715 | 80,270 | 91,504 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Facility expenditures and land purchases | (3,718 | ) | (1,837 | ) | (23,534 | ) | (8,635 | ) | ||||||||
Capital expenditures, net | (4,112 | ) | (6,134 | ) | (14,117 | ) | (16,085 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | 119,441 | 295,080 | 429,519 | 921,513 | ||||||||||||
Purchase of investments | (180,125 | ) | (314,899 | ) | (467,059 | ) | (1,017,030 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities | (68,514 | ) | (27,790 | ) | (75,191 | ) | (120,237 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 1,009 | 3,099 | 5,598 | 7,682 | ||||||||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities | 1,009 | 3,099 | 5,598 | 7,682 | ||||||||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (17,217 | ) | 4,024 | 10,677 | (21,051 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 37,283 | 17,967 | 9,389 | 43,042 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollar and share amounts in thousands)
Common Stock | Capital Surplus | Retained Earnings | Compre- hensive Income | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | Treasury Stock | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2003 | 54,069 | $ | 540 | $ | 52,688 | $ | 221,400 | $ | (4,263 | ) | (8,638 | ) | $ | (124,241 | ) | $ | 146,124 | ||||||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2004 (unaudited): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 435 | (2,625 | ) | 506 | 9,872 | 7,682 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 5,743 | 5,743 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 41,466 | $ | 41,466 | 41,466 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2004 | 54,069 | 540 | 58,866 | 260,241 | (4,263 | ) | (8,132 | ) | (114,369 | ) | 201,015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended December 31, 2004 (unaudited): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 179 | (128 | ) | 57 | 868 | 919 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 612 | 612 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 33,797 | 33,797 | 33,797 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | (1,269 | ) | (1,269 | ) | (1,269 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income for year ended December 31, 2004 | $ | 73,994 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2004 | 54,069 | 540 | 59,657 | 293,910 | (5,532 | ) | (8,075 | ) | (113,501 | ) | 235,074 | ||||||||||||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 (unaudited): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 318 | (1,386 | ) | 314 | 6,666 | 5,598 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 3,821 | 3,821 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issue treasury stock for Directors Deferred Compensation Plan | 36 | 7 | 149 | 185 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 71,842 | 71,842 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2005 | 54,069 | $ | 540 | $ | 63,832 | $ | 364,366 | $ | (5,532 | ) | (7,754 | ) | $ | (106,686 | ) | $ | 316,520 | ||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data and unless otherwise stated)
1.Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ITT Educational Services, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. We prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim periods and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures, including significant accounting policies, normally included in a complete presentation of financial statements prepared in accordance with and pursuant to those principles, rules and regulations have been omitted. In the opinion of our management, the financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to fairly state our financial condition and results of operations. The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2004.
2.Summary of Certain Accounting Principles and Policies
Revision in the Classification of Certain Cash Equivalents and Investments. Certain cash equivalents and investments reclassifications have been made to the 2004 financial statements to conform to the 2005 presentation. Previously, some of our investments in auction rate debt securities and variable rate demand notes were recorded in cash and cash equivalents instead of short-term investments, based on their interest reset dates rather than their remaining contractual maturity dates. In addition, we had classified some of our investments in auction rate debt securities, variable rate demand notes and auction rate preferred equity securities as held-to-maturity securities instead of available-for-sale securities.
As a result, our Consolidated Balance Sheets were affected as follows:
• | cash and cash equivalents decreased and short-term investments increased by $144,711 as of September 30, 2004; and |
• | investments as of September 30, 2004 did not change. |
We also made corresponding adjustments to our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, as follows:
• | net cash provided by proceeds from sales and maturities of investments increased $207,660 for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and $774,891 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004; |
• | net cash used for purchase of investments increased $187,011 for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and $794,371 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004; and |
• | net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash increased $20,649 for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and decreased $19,480 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. |
The reclassifications had no impact on our total current assets, cash flows from operating activities, or total consolidated results reported in any period presented.
Stock Options. We adopted and our stockholders approved the ITT Educational Services, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan (“1994 Stock Plan”) and the 1997 ITT Educational Services, Inc. Incentive Stock Plan (“1997 Stock Plan”). We also established the 1999 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (“1999 Directors Stock Plan”), which provides for awards of non-qualified stock options to non-employee Directors. The 1994 Stock Plan, the 1997 Stock Plan and the 1999 Directors Stock Plan are referred to herein collectively as the “Plans.” We have adopted the disclosure only provisions of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized in the financial statements for the Plans. We have elected, as permitted by the standard, to continue following the intrinsic value based method of accounting for stock options consistent with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” Under the intrinsic method, compensation cost for stock options is measured as the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of our common stock at the measurement date over the exercise price.
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If compensation costs for the Plans had been determined based on the fair value of the stock options at grant date consistent with SFAS No. 123, our compensation costs would have increased and our net income and earnings per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Net income as reported | $ | 34,413 | $ | 18,460 | $ | 71,842 | $ | 41,466 | ||||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under the fair value based method for stock options, net of tax | (1,952 | ) | (2,233 | ) | (5,878 | ) | (6,294 | ) | ||||||||
Pro forma net income | $ | 32,461 | $ | 16,227 | $ | 65,964 | $ | 35,172 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic as reported | $ | 0.74 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 1.56 | $ | 0.91 | ||||||||
Impact of stock options | (0.04 | ) | (0.05 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.14 | ) | ||||||||
Basic pro forma | $ | 0.70 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 0.77 | ||||||||
Diluted as reported | $ | 0.73 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 1.52 | $ | 0.89 | ||||||||
Impact of stock options | (0.04 | ) | (0.04 | ) | (0.12 | ) | (0.14 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted pro forma | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 0.75 | ||||||||
We changed our fair value option pricing model from the Black-Scholes model to a binomial model for all stock options granted on or after January 1, 2005. The fair value of stock options granted prior to January 1, 2005 was determined using the Black-Scholes model. We believe that the binomial model considers characteristics of fair value option pricing that are not available under the Black-Scholes model. Similar to the Black-Scholes model, the binomial model takes into account variables such as volatility, dividend yield rate and risk free interest rates. The binomial model, however, also considers the contractual term of the option, the probability that the option will be exercised prior to the end of its contractual life and the probability of termination or retirement of the option holder in computing the value of the option. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the following assumptions:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Risk free interest rates | 3.8 | % | 3.8 | % | 3.8 | % | 3.3 | % | ||||
Expected lives (in years) | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | ||||||||
Volatility | 45 | % | 59 | % | 46 | % | 58 | % | ||||
Dividend yield | None | None | None | None |
On October 24, 2005, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors accelerated the vesting of certain unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options to purchase shares of our common stock that had exercise prices greater than $49.20, the closing price of our common stock on October 24, 2005. The vesting was accelerated for non-qualified stock options representing approximately 795,000 shares of our common stock, which included all unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options issued and outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and 1999 Directors Stock Plan. As a result of the vesting acceleration, all of those stock options were fully exercisable as of October 24, 2005 and will remain exercisable through their expiration or termination dates, which vary, but do not extend past 2014. The purpose for accelerating the vesting of those stock options was to reduce our future compensation costs associated with those stock options upon our adoption of SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment,” in 2006. We estimate that the accelerated vesting of those stock options will reduce our compensation costs, net of tax, by approximately $5,000 in 2006, $2,200 in 2007 and $200 in 2008.
Leases. We lease our non-owned facilities under operating lease agreements. Certain of our lease agreements contain:
• | renewal options, which can be exercised after the initial lease term; |
• | rent holidays; |
• | tenant improvement allowances; and/or |
• | rent escalation clauses. |
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We record rent expense associated with each lease agreement evenly over the term of the lease in accordance with SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” The difference between rent expense recorded and amounts paid is recorded as accrued rent on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We amortize leasehold improvements using the straight-line method over the shorter of the life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease.
3.New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) issued EITF 03-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.” EITF 03-1 provides further guidance on the meaning of other-than-temporary impairment and its application to debt and equity securities in accordance with APB Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock,” and SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” In September 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position EITF 03-1-1, which delays the effective date until additional guidance is issued for the application of the recognition and measurement provisions of EITF 03-1 to investments in securities that are impaired. The disclosure requirements of EITF 03-1, however, are effective for annual periods ending after June 15, 2004. Until further guidance is provided by the FASB, we are unable to determine the effect, if any, that EITF 03-1 will have on our financial condition or results of operations. See Note 5 for additional disclosures regarding our investments.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” that revises SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” and supercedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” In March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, “Share-Based Payment,” which provides guidance regarding the application of SFAS No. 123R. Under this accounting treatment, all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, must be reflected in the financial statements using the fair value method with the related expenses recognized over the service period. SFAS No. 123R will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005 and allows for several alternative transition methods. We expect to adopt SFAS No. 123R in our 2006 fiscal year on a modified-prospective basis without restating prior periods, which will require that we recognize compensation expense for all stock option and other equity-based awards that vest or become exercisable after the effective date.
We currently account for share-based compensation to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method under APB Opinion No. 25. Under the intrinsic value method, no compensation cost for employee or director stock options is recognized in the financial statements. The adoption of SFAS No. 123R will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, because it will require us to expense future compensation costs for stock options awarded to our employees and directors. All of those compensation expenses, however, will be non-cash and should not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or cash flows. We have elected to use the prospective method of adoption of SFAS No. 123R. For periods after January 1, 2006, the impact of SFAS No. 123R will depend on the amount of share-based compensation paid to our employees and directors. If we had adopted SFAS No. 123R in prior periods, the compensation expense recognized would have approximated the impact of SFAS No. 123 as described in the disclosure of pro forma net income and earnings per share in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a cash flow from financing activities, instead of a cash flow from operating activities as currently required. This new requirement will reduce net cash flows from operating activities and increase net cash flows from financing activities by a corresponding amount in periods after we adopt SFAS No. 123R.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” that replaces APB Opinion No. 20, “Accounting Changes,” and SFAS No. 3, “Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements.” Under this new standard, voluntary changes in accounting principles must be applied retrospectively with all prior period financial statements presented. SFAS No. 154 also requires that any change in the method of depreciation, amortization or depletion for long-lived non-financial assets be accounted for prospectively as a change in accounting estimate, and corrections of errors in previously issued financial statements be termed a restatement. SFAS No. 154 is effective for changes in accounting principles and correction of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. We do not believe that SFAS No. 154 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
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4.Special Legal and Other Investigation Costs
Consistent with our accounting policy for contingent liabilities, we periodically reassess the probable and estimable legal costs associated with a claim or a potential claim. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, we reassessed the probable and estimable legal costs associated with the investigation of us by the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”), the inquiry initiated by the SEC into the allegations being investigated by the DOJ, and the securities class action, shareholder derivative and books and records inspection lawsuits filed against us, certain of our current and former executive officers and each of our Directors (collectively, the “Actions”), as described in Note 11 below and in our 2005 second fiscal quarter report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC. As a result of the reassessment, we reduced the accrual of estimated legal costs associated with the Actions by $6,493. We recorded a charge of $9,837 in the three months ended September 30, 2004 for estimated legal costs associated with the Actions. We recorded a net charge of $1,219 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and $25,143 in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 for estimated legal costs associated with the Actions. We were billed $4,724 of those legal costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and $15,950 of those legal costs in the year ended December 31, 2004. We regularly evaluate the reasonableness of our estimate of the probable legal costs associated with the Actions and make any adjustments considered necessary. We believe that it is probable that we will incur at least $21,924 in legal costs related to these matters ($20,705 recorded in the year ended December 31, 2004 and $1,219 recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2005). As of September 30, 2005, the remaining accrual of estimated legal costs associated with the Actions was $1,250. In accordance with the financial accounting standards for loss contingencies, we have accrued what we believe to be a reasonable estimate of costs that are probable we will incur. If our estimate proves to be inadequate, however, it is possible that we could subsequently be required to record a charge to earnings which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We did not incur any non-legal costs related to the Actions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 or 2004. We incurred $4,438 of non-legal costs related to the Actions during the year ended December 31, 2004.
5.Investments
We have investments in marketable debt and auction rate preferred equity securities, which are classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity, depending on our investment intentions with regard to those securities. Marketable debt securities classified as available-for-sale securities that have remaining contractual maturity dates in excess of 90 days at the time of purchase are recorded at their market value. Marketable debt securities classified as held-to-maturity securities are recorded at their amortized cost, because we have the intent and ability to hold those investments until they mature. Auction rate preferred equity securities classified as available-for-sale securities are recorded at their market value. Investments that we intend to hold for more than one year are recorded as non-current investments.
Our investments included auction rate debt securities, variable rate demand notes and auction rate preferred equity securities that were classified as available-for-sale securities and recorded in short-term investments and investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2005, December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2004. Despite the long-term nature of the contractual maturities of our auction rate debt securities and variable rate demand notes, we have the ability to quickly liquidate those investments. We also had no material gross unrealized holding or realized gains (losses) from our investments in auction rate debt securities and variable rate demand notes for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2005 and 2004. All income generated from those investments was recorded as interest income.
The cost of securities sold is based on the first-in, first-out method. All of our investments are in marketable debt and auction rate preferred equity securities.
As of: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available- For-Sale | Held-to- Maturity | Total | Available- For-Sale | Held-to- Maturity | Total | Trading Securities | Available- For-Sale | Held-to- Maturity | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments | $ | 368,888 | $ | 5,520 | $ | 374,408 | $ | 309,567 | $ | 23,003 | $ | 332,570 | $ | 8,899 | $ | 258,322 | $ | 23,209 | $ | 290,430 | ||||||||||
Non-current investments | — | 2,065 | 2,065 | 1,000 | 5,363 | 6,363 | — | 1,000 | 2,275 | 3,275 | ||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 368,888 | $ | 7,585 | $ | 376,473 | $ | 310,567 | $ | 28,366 | $ | 338,933 | $ | 8,899 | $ | 259,322 | $ | 25,484 | $ | 293,705 | |||||||||||
The contractual maturities of our marketable debt securities classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2005 were as follows:
Available-For-Sale | Fair Value | ||
Due within five years | $ | 1,001 | |
Due after five years through ten years | 3,387 | ||
Due after ten years | 302,627 | ||
$ | 307,015 | ||
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The above table excludes $61,873 of auction rate preferred equity securities that were classified as available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 2005. Our non-current investments that were classified as held-to-maturity securities as of September 30, 2005 had remaining contractual maturities between one and two years.
6.Property and Equipment
During the three months ended September 30, 2005, we:
• | purchased for $1,893 one facility which we intend to renovate; |
• | purchased for $1,603 one parcel of land on which we intend to build a facility; |
• | expended $201 for initial and ongoing construction costs of seven buildings; and |
• | incurred $21 of initial acquisition costs for one parcel of land on which we intend to build a facility. |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we:
• | purchased one facility for $4,725; |
• | purchased for $9,081 two facilities which we intend to renovate; |
• | purchased for $2,746 two parcels of land on which we intend to build facilities; |
• | expended $6,949 for initial and ongoing construction costs of eight buildings; and |
• | incurred $33 of initial acquisition costs for one parcel of land on which we intend to build a facility. |
7.Earnings Per Common Share
Earnings per common share for all periods have been calculated in conformity with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share.” This data is based on the weighted average number of shares of our common stock outstanding during each period as set forth in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Shares: | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding | 46,292 | 45,871 | 46,186 | 45,735 | ||||
Shares assumed issued (less shares assumed purchased for treasury) on stock options | 965 | 872 | 971 | 1,024 | ||||
Outstanding shares for diluted earnings per share calculation | 47,257 | 46,743 | 47,157 | 46,759 | ||||
Shares underlying outstanding stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of our common stock (562 at September 30, 2005 and 706 at September 30, 2004) have been excluded from the calculation of our earnings per share, because the effect would be antidilutive.
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8.Employee Pension Benefits
The net periodic benefit costs for the ESI Pension Plan (“Pension Plan”) and the ESI Excess Pension Plan are as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 1,800 | $ | 1,765 | $ | 5,400 | $ | 5,295 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 725 | 570 | 2,175 | 1,710 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on assets | (800 | ) | (550 | ) | (2,400 | ) | (1,650 | ) | ||||||||
Recognized net actuarial loss | 325 | 250 | 975 | 750 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost | (22 | ) | (25 | ) | (66 | ) | (75 | ) | ||||||||
Net periodic pension cost | $ | 2,028 | $ | 2,010 | $ | 6,084 | $ | 6,030 | ||||||||
In January 2005, we contributed $11,795 to the Pension Plan. This amount represents the total amount we intend to contribute to the Pension Plan in 2005.
9.Income Taxes
Our combined effective federal and state income tax rate in the three months ended September 30, 2005 was 36.9% compared to 39.0% in the three months ended September 30, 2004. Our combined effective federal and state income tax rate in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was 38.3% compared to 39.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The primary cause of those decreases was a reduction that we made in our tax reserves in the three months ended September 30, 2005 following the favorable resolution of state income tax reviews and a favorable return to provision adjustment for the year ended December 31, 2004.
10.Letters of Credit
As of September 30, 2005, we continued to provide irrevocable letters of credit in the total amount of $1,571 to our workers’ compensation insurance providers to secure the payment of our workers’ compensation claims.
11.Contingencies
We are subject to various claims and contingencies in the ordinary course of our business, including those related to litigation, business transactions, employee-related matters and taxes, among others. When we are aware of a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or exposure. If it is probable that a loss will result and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability for the loss. The liability recorded includes probable and estimable legal costs associated with the claim or potential claim. If the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the claim if the likelihood of a potential loss is reasonably possible and the amount involved is material.
In October 2002, the Office of Attorney General for the State of California (“CAG”) informed us that the CAG had initiated an investigation of our ITT Technical Institutes in California. In August 2005, the CAG informed us that its investigation was initiated as a result of a qui tam action filed against us on May 9, 2002 in the United States District Court for the Central District of California Western Division by two of our former employees (“relators”) on behalf of themselves, the federal government and the State of California under the following caption:United States of America ex rel. Mohamed Mahmoud and Ed Maloney v. ITT Educational Services, Inc.(the “Mahmoud Action”). In the complaint, the relators alleged that we violated the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729,et seq. and the California False Claims Act, Cal. Gov’t. Code § 12650,et seq. by knowingly presenting false claims for payment, conspiring to get false claims paid and knowingly using false statements to get false claims paid relating to the grant aid received by our California students under the State’s Cal Grant Program. The CAG’s investigation lasted approximately three years and covered the seven year period from 1996 through 2002 (the “Relevant Period”).
As a result of its investigation, the CAG contended that student grade point average calculations made by us pursuant to the requirements of the Cal Grant Program to help determine whether our students in California qualified for financial aid under the Cal Grant Program resulted in approximately 93 students receiving a Cal Grant for which they were not otherwise eligible, which represented approximately 1.3% of the more than 7,000 students who received a Cal Grant while attending one of six different ITT Technical Institutes in California during the Relevant Period. We acknowledged that erroneous student grade point average
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calculations resulted in 49 students receiving a larger Cal Grant amount than they otherwise would have received, which represented approximately 0.7% of the total number of students who received a Cal Grant while attending one of six different ITT Technical Institutes in California during the Relevant Period.
On September 30, 2005, the CAG and we agreed to settle the State of California’s claims in the Mahmoud Action (without an admission of liability), pursuant to which we will pay the State $725 in exchange for the State’s release of all claims under the California False Claims Act that were asserted against us in the Mahmoud Action arising from the award of Cal Grant Program funds to our students during the Relevant Period. The settlement of the State of California’s claims is conditioned upon:
• | the court’s approval of the fairness, adequacy and reasonableness of the settlement terms; |
• | the court’s dismissal of the remainder of the Mahmoud Action with prejudice; and |
• | the California Student Aid Commission’s agreement not to bring any administrative action against us with respect to any of the allegations or claims against us in the Mahmoud Action. |
On October 12, 2005, the court unsealed the Mahmoud Action, upon which we learned that the DOJ, on behalf of the federal government, declined to intervene in the Mahmoud Action on September 30, 2005.
A qui tam action is a civil lawsuit brought by one or more individuals (a qui tam “relator”) on behalf of the federal or state government for an alleged submission to the government of a false claim for payment. A qui tam action is always filed under seal and remains under seal until the government decides whether to intervene in the litigation. Whenever a relator files a qui tam action, the government typically initiates an investigation in order to determine whether to intervene in the litigation. If the government intervenes, it has primary control over the litigation. If the government declines to intervene, the relator may pursue the litigation on behalf of the federal or state government and, if successful, receives a portion of the government’s recovery.
On August 19, 2004, a consolidated complaint in a securities class action lawsuit was filed against us and ten of our current and former Directors and executive officers in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana under the following caption:City of Austin Police Retirement System, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. ITT Educational Services, Inc., et al. (the “Austin Action”). The Austin Action was a result of the court’s June 18, 2004 order to consolidate 13 separate securities class action lawsuits filed from February 26, 2004 through April 23, 2004. The consolidated complaint alleged, among other things, that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, by engaging in an unlawful course of conduct, pursuant to which the defendants knowingly or recklessly engaged in acts, transactions, practices and courses of business to conceal adverse material information about our financial condition, and that this conduct operated as a fraud and deceit upon the plaintiffs. The complaint also alleged that the defendants made various deceptive and untrue statements of material facts and omitted to state material facts necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading to the plaintiffs, causing the plaintiffs to purchase our securities at artificially inflated prices. The putative class period in the Austin Action was from October 17, 2002 through March 8, 2004. The plaintiffs sought, among other things, an award of unspecified compensatory damages, interest, costs, expenses and attorney’s fees.
On September 14, 2005, the court dismissed without prejudice all of the claims against all of the defendants in the Austin Action, and gave the plaintiffs until October 14, 2005 to file an amended complaint. In particular, the court ruled that:
• | the plaintiffs failed to state a claim of securities fraud under Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5 of the SEC, 17 C.F.R. § 240.106-5; |
• | the plaintiffs’ allegations failed to meet the heightened pleading requirements of Rule 9(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (“FRCP”) or the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b); and |
• | pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the FRCP, the plaintiffs’ allegations of control person liability under Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a), failed to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. |
On October 24, 2005, the court dismissed the Austin Action with prejudice.
On or about April 29, 2004, a consolidated complaint in a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against five of our current and former executive officers, ten of our current and former Directors and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PWC”), our independent registered public accounting firm, in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, Indiana under the following caption:In Re ITT Educational Services, Inc. Derivative Litigation. This action was a result of the court’s March 30, 2004 order to consolidate two separate shareholder derivative lawsuits filed on or about February 27, 2004. On December 1, 2004, the court dismissed the
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consolidated complaint without prejudice and gave the plaintiffs 30 days to replead their complaint. On January 3, 2005, the plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The amended consolidated complaint alleged, among other things, that:
• | certain individual defendants breached a fiduciary duty by selling our common stock and misappropriating our information; |
• | all defendants breached their fiduciary duties to us, abused their ability to control and influence us, grossly mismanaged us, caused us to waste corporate assets and were unjustly enriched; and |
• | PWC breached a duty of care and professional competence to us and breached its contracts with us. |
The amended consolidated complaint sought unspecified damages, extraordinary equitable and/or injunctive relief, disgorgement of profits, benefits and other compensation, costs and attorneys’ fees. On September 16, 2005, the court dismissed with prejudice all of the claims against all of the defendants, because the plaintiffs’ allegations failed to meet the pleading requirement of particularity for demand futility allegations.
On September 7, 2004, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against five of our current and former executive officers, ten of our current and former Directors and PWC, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana under the following caption:Alaska Electrical Pension Fund Derivatively on Behalf of ITT Educational Services, Inc. v. Rene R. Champagne, et al. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants caused us to violate state and federal education finance laws and regulations by falsifying our student records and federal securities laws by falsifying our accounting, auditing and financial reporting between October 2002 and April 2004. As a result, the complaint alleges, among other things, that the individual defendants:
• | breached and/or aided and abetted in the breach of: |
• | a duty to disseminate accurate information about us; |
• | fiduciary duties of care, candor and loyalty to us and disclosure to our shareholders; |
• | a duty to test, oversee and monitor our system of internal controls, governance procedures and disclosure procedures; and |
• | a duty to ensure that our internal controls, governance procedures and disclosure procedures were functioning in an effective manner and in compliance with Pub. L. 107-204, 116 Stat. 745 (2002); |
• | abused their ability to control and influence us; |
• | grossly mismanaged us; |
• | committed constructive fraud; |
• | will be and have been unjustly enriched at our expense; and |
• | violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by: |
• | disseminating or approving false statements that they knew or recklessly disregarded were misleading; |
• | failing to disclose material facts necessary in order to make those statements not misleading; and |
• | misappropriating our proprietary information. |
In addition, the complaint alleges, among other things, that PWC:
• | violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by: |
• | disseminating or approving false statements that it knew or recklessly disregarded were misleading; and |
• | failing to disclose material facts necessary in order to make those statements not misleading; |
• | was negligent and committed accounting malpractice by failing to conduct its audits of our 2002 and 2003 fiscal year financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, generally accepted auditing standards and SEC rules; |
• | aided and abetted the individual defendants’: |
• | breach of fiduciary duties to us; |
• | abuse of their control of us; and |
• | gross mismanagement of us; and |
• | violated their duty of candor to our shareholders. |
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The complaint seeks unspecified damages, extraordinary equitable and/or injunctive relief, punitive damages, costs and expenses, attorneys’ fees, pre-judgment interest, an order directing the defendants to account for all damages caused by them and all profits, special benefits and unjust enrichment they obtained, and an order directing us to reform and improve our corporate governance and internal control procedures. On December 8, 2004, the parties agreed to stay this action pending the entry of a final judgment in theIn Re ITT Educational Services, Inc. Derivative Litigation action, except that the stay will be lifted if a subsequently filed shareholder derivative lawsuit is filed in the Southern District of Indiana and the defendants are unable to enter into a similar stay of that action. All of the individual defendants intend to defend themselves vigorously against the allegations in the complaint.
On November 17, 2004, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against ten of our current and former Directors, in the Chancery Court of New Castle County, Delaware under the following caption:Albert Reitan, derivatively on behalf of nominal defendant ITT Educational Services, Inc. v. Rand V. Araskog, et al. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants abdicated their fiduciary duty of good faith to us by making no effort to oversee our operations and business practices to ensure that we comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, equitable relief, attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, experts’ fees, costs and expenses. On March 31, 2005, in response to the parties’ request, the court issued an order staying this action until the entry of a final judgment in theCity of Austin Police Retirement System, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. ITT Educational Services, Inc. et al. action. All of the defendants intend to defend themselves vigorously against the allegations in the complaint.
On July 7, 2004, we received a derivative demand letter pursuant to Del. Ct. Ch. R. 23.1 on behalf of Arthur Stein, a purported shareholder, demanding that our Board of Directors commence a civil action against each of our current Directors, one former Director and four of our current and former executive officers to recover for our benefit the amount of damages sustained by us as a result of the misconduct alleged in the letter. The misconduct alleged in the letter is similar to the type of misconduct alleged against the individual defendants in the consolidated shareholder derivative lawsuit described above. The demand letter indicates that Mr. Stein will commence a shareholder’s derivative action on our behalf, if our Board does not commence an action as demanded therein within a reasonable period of time. We informed Mr. Stein that our Board had deferred its decision with respect to Mr. Stein’s demand until the conclusion of the DOJ investigation of us, the inquiry initiated by the SEC into the allegations being investigated by the DOJ and the securities class action lawsuits filed against us, or until the receipt of additional information concerning the allegations made in the demand.
Although the derivative actions are brought nominally on behalf of us, we expect to incur defense costs and other expenses in connection with the derivative lawsuits, and we cannot assure you that the ultimate outcome of these or other actions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
The current and former executive officers named in one or more of the pending shareholder derivative lawsuits and derivative demand letter described above include: Rene R. Champagne, Clark D. Elwood, Eugene W. Feichtner, Martin A. Grossman, Thomas W. Lauer, Kevin M. Modany and Omer E. Waddles.
Certain of our current and former officers and Directors are or may become a party in certain of the actions described above. Our By-Laws and Restated Certificate of Incorporation obligate us to indemnify our officers and Directors to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, provided that their conduct complied with certain requirements. We are obligated to advance defense costs to our officers and Directors, subject to the individual’s obligation to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that the individual was not entitled to indemnification. In addition, our indemnity obligation can, under certain circumstances, include indemnifiable judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with those actions.
On March 4, 2005, we were served with a qui tam action that was filed on April 8, 2004 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana by a former employee (“relator”) on behalf of himself and the federal government under the following caption:United States of America ex rel. Robert Olson v. ITT Educational Services, Inc. d/b/a ITT Technical Institute (the “Olson Action”). We were served with the Olson Action after the DOJ declined to intervene in the litigation. On June 24, 2005, the relator filed an amended complaint in the Olson Action. In the amended complaint, the relator alleges that we violated the False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729,et seq., by knowingly making and using false records and statements relating to, among other things, student recruitment, admission, enrollment, attendance, grading, testing, graduate placement, programs of study and course materials in order to fraudulently obtain student loans and tuition from the federal government. The complaint seeks an unspecified judgment and attorney’s fees and costs. We intend to defend ourselves vigorously against the allegations made in the complaint.
We cannot assure you of the ultimate outcome of any litigation involving us. Any litigation alleging violations of education or consumer protection laws and/or regulations, misrepresentation, fraud or deceptive practices may also subject our affected institutes to additional regulatory scrutiny.
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12.Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements
Our restricted cash results from our use of the U.S. Department of Education’s (“ED”) electronic funds transfer system as part of our participation in the federal student financial aid programs under Title IV (the “Title IV Programs”) of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended. All monies transferred to us from the ED by electronic funds transfer are subject to certain holding restrictions. We cannot use those funds until we apply them to our students’ accounts, which typically occurs within three business days. We previously reported restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning and ending balances reconciled on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. SFAS No. 95, however, states that the beginning and ending balances reconciled on a statement of cash flows should include only the change in cash and cash equivalents during the period. To correct the positioning of restricted cash, we removed restricted cash from the beginning and ending balances reconciled and now report restricted cash under a separate caption in the cash flows from operating activities section on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as a component of the adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities. The change in how we report restricted cash on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows had no effect on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended September 30, 2005 or 2004, because we had no restricted cash in those periods. The effect of the change in how we report restricted cash on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for:
• | the nine months ended September 30, 2005, was to: |
• | decrease the beginning balance in cash and cash equivalents by $8,194; and |
• | increase net cash flows from operating activities by $8,194; and |
• | the nine months ended September 30, 2004, was to: |
• | decrease the beginning balance in cash and cash equivalents by $8,496; and |
• | increase net cash flows from operating activities by $8,496. |
The change in how we report restricted cash on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows had no effect on any of our previously issued Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Income or Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity. Our previously issued financial statements reported restricted cash under a separate caption in the current assets section on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, which is not being changed as part of the Restatement.
We have awarded non-qualified stock options to our employees and the non-employee members of our Board of Directors (“Stock Options”). In 2005 and prior periods, we followed the intrinsic value based method of accounting for the Stock Options in accordance with APB No. 25 and adopted the disclosure only provisions of SFAS No. 123. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R which supercedes APB Opinion No. 25. When a Stock Option is exercised, we receive a tax deduction in the amount that the fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise exceeds the exercise price of the Stock Option, because that amount is taxable to the optionee. Pursuant to APB Opinion No. 25, however, we did not recognize any tax benefit resulting from a Stock Option exercise on our Consolidated Statements of Income. As a result, any tax benefit realized by us from a Stock Option exercise was reported under the capital surplus caption in the shareholders’ equity section on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We previously reported the amount of the tax benefit from Stock Option exercises under the exercise of stock options caption in the cash flows from financing activities section on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. EITF Issue No. 00-15, “Classification in the Statement of Cash Flows of the Income Tax Benefit Received by a Company upon Exercise of a Nonqualified Employee Stock Option,” provides, however, that a company’s income tax benefit from stock option exercises should be reported in the cash flows from operating activities section on its consolidated statements of cash flows. To correct this classification, we changed our reporting of the tax benefit from Stock Option exercises by removing those benefits from under the exercise of stock options caption in the cash flows from financing activities section on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and reporting those benefits under a separate caption entitled, “tax benefit from stock option exercises,” in the cash flows from operating activities section on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as a component of the adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities. The effect of the change in where we report the tax benefit from Stock Option exercises on our annual Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for:
• | the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was to: |
• | decrease cash flows from financing activities by $852 in the three months ended September 30, 2005, and $1,277 in the three months ended September 30, 2004; and |
• | increase cash flows from operating activities by $852 in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $1,277 in the three months ended September 30, 2004; and |
• | the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was to: |
• | decrease cash flows from financing activities by $3,821 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and $5,743 in the nine months ended September 30, 2004; and |
• | increase cash flows from operating activities by $3,821 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and $5,743 in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. |
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The change in where we report the tax benefit from Stock Option exercises on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows had no effect on: (a) any of our previously issued Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Income or Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity; or (b) the cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period or the cash and cash equivalents at end of period that are reported on any of our previously issued Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The impact of the Restatement on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, is shown in the following tables.
ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
RESTATED | AS PREVIOUSLY PRESENTED IN 2005 SEC FILINGS | |||||||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended | For the Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 34,413 | $ | 18,460 | $ | 34,413 | $ | 18,460 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,043 | 3,920 | 4,043 | 3,920 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 2,931 | 2,803 | 2,931 | 2,803 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1,016 | (52 | ) | 1,016 | (52 | ) | ||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 852 | 1,277 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Short-term investments | — | (6,895 | ) | — | (6,895 | ) | ||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (7,089 | ) | (5,524 | ) | (7,089 | ) | (5,524 | ) | ||||||||
Prepaids and other assets | 2,851 | 1,308 | 2,851 | 1,308 | ||||||||||||
Direct marketing costs, net | (355 | ) | (887 | ) | (355 | ) | (887 | ) | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (359 | ) | 732 | (359 | ) | 732 | ||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 11,985 | 13,573 | 11,985 | 13,573 | ||||||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities | 50,288 | 28,715 | 49,436 | 27,438 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Facility expenditures and land purchases | (3,718 | ) | (1,837 | ) | (3,718 | ) | (1,837 | ) | ||||||||
Capital expenditures, net | (4,112 | ) | (6,134 | ) | (4,112 | ) | (6,134 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | 119,441 | 295,080 | 119,441 | 295,080 | ||||||||||||
Purchase of investments | (180,125 | ) | (314,899 | ) | (180,125 | ) | (314,899 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities | (68,514 | ) | (27,790 | ) | (68,514 | ) | (27,790 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 1,009 | 3,099 | 1,861 | 4,376 | ||||||||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities | 1,009 | 3,099 | 1,861 | 4,376 | ||||||||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (17,217 | ) | 4,024 | |||||||||||||
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (17,217 | ) | 4,024 | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 37,283 | 17,967 | ||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 37,283 | 17,967 | ||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||||||||
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ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
RESTATED | AS PREVIOUSLY PRESENTED IN 2005 SEC FILINGS | |||||||||||||||
For the Nine Months Ended | For the Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 71,842 | $ | 41,466 | $ | 71,842 | $ | 41,466 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12,781 | 13,708 | 12,781 | 13,708 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 8,830 | 7,704 | 8,830 | 7,704 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | (1,404 | ) | (1,812 | ) | (1,404 | ) | (1,812 | ) | ||||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | 3,821 | 5,743 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | 8,194 | 8,496 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Short-term investments | — | 4,448 | — | 4,448 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (16,280 | ) | (12,347 | ) | (16,280 | ) | (12,347 | ) | ||||||||
Prepaids and other assets | (6,279 | ) | (2,116 | ) | (6,279 | ) | (2,116 | ) | ||||||||
Direct marketing costs, net | (2,139 | ) | (2,969 | ) | (2,139 | ) | (2,969 | ) | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 5,365 | 23,453 | 5,365 | 23,453 | ||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | (4,461 | ) | 5,730 | (4,461 | ) | 5,730 | ||||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities | 80,270 | 91,504 | 68,255 | 77,265 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Facility expenditures and land purchases | (23,534 | ) | (8,635 | ) | (23,534 | ) | (8,635 | ) | ||||||||
Capital expenditures, net | (14,117 | ) | (16,085 | ) | (14,117 | ) | (16,085 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | 429,519 | 921,513 | 429,519 | 921,513 | ||||||||||||
Purchase of investments | (467,059 | ) | (1,017,030 | ) | (467,059 | ) | (1,017,030 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities | (75,191 | ) | (120,237 | ) | (75,191 | ) | (120,237 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 5,598 | 7,682 | 9,419 | 13,425 | ||||||||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities | 5,598 | 7,682 | 9,419 | 13,425 | ||||||||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 10,677 | (21,051 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 2,483 | (29,547 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 9,389 | 43,042 | ||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 17,583 | 51,538 | ||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 20,066 | $ | 21,991 | ||||||||||||
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the restatement of our Consolidated Financial Statements, as discussed in Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
All statements, trend analyses and other information contained in this report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are made based on our management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. You can
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identify these statements by the use of words such as “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “will,” “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “plan,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “potential,” “intend,” “continue,” and “contemplate,” as well as similar words and expressions. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and do not guarantee future performance. We cannot assure you that future developments affecting us will be those anticipated by our management. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the following:
• | business conditions and growth in the postsecondary education industry and in the general economy; |
• | changes in federal and state governmental regulations with respect to education and accreditation standards, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, including, but not limited to, the level of government funding for, and our eligibility to participate in, student financial aid programs utilized by our students; |
• | effects of any change in our ownership resulting in a change in control, including, but not limited to, the consequences of such changes on the accreditation and federal and state regulation of our institutes; |
• | our ability to implement our growth strategies; |
• | receptivity of students and employers to our existing program offerings and new curricula; |
• | loss of lender access by our students for student loans; and |
• | the results of the shareholder derivative lawsuits filed against us, which, if adversely determined, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. |
Readers are also directed to other risks and uncertainties discussed in other documents we file with the SEC, including, without limitation, those discussed in Item 1. “Business—Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2004. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
Overview
You should keep in mind the following points as you read this report:
• | References in this document to “we,” “us,” “our” and “ITT/ESI” refer to ITT Educational Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries. |
• | The terms “ITT Technical Institute” or “institute” (in singular or plural form) refer to an individual school owned and operated by ITT/ESI, including its learning sites, if any. The terms “institution” or “campus group” (in singular or plural form) mean a main campus and its additional locations, branch campuses and/or learning sites, if any. |
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the same titled section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2004 for discussion of, among other matters, the following items:
• | cash receipts from financial aid programs; |
• | nature of capital additions; |
• | seasonality of revenue; |
• | components of income statement captions; |
• | federal regulations regarding: |
• | timing of receipt of funds from the federal student financial aid programs under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (the “Title IV Programs”); |
• | percentage of applicable revenue that may be derived from the Title IV Programs; |
• | return of Title IV Program funds for withdrawn students; and |
• | default rates; |
• | private loan programs; |
• | investments; |
• | repurchase of shares of our common stock; |
• | minimum pension liability; and |
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• | our hybrid education delivery model, pursuant to which certain program courses are taught in residence on campus and others are taught either online over the Internet or partially online over the Internet and partially in residence on campus (the “Hybrid Delivery Model”). |
The results of the shareholder derivative lawsuits filed against us, if adversely determined, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We are a leading provider of technology-oriented postsecondary degree programs in the United States based on revenue and student enrollment. As of September 30, 2005, we were offering associate, bachelor and master degree programs to more than 44,000 students. We currently have 79 institutes located in 31 states. Each of our institutes is (a) authorized by the applicable education authorities of the states in which it operates and recruits and (b) accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by the ED. We design our education programs, after consultation with employers, to help graduates prepare for careers in various fields involving their areas of study. As of September 30, 2005, all of our program offerings were degree programs. We have provided career-oriented education programs since 1969 under the “ITT Technical Institute” name.
In the third quarter of 2005, we opened one new institute and one new learning site. A learning site is an institute location where educational activities are conducted and student services are provided away from the institute’s campus. We plan to open as many as three additional new institutes in the remainder of 2005. We intend to continue expanding by:
• | opening new institutes; |
• | adding learning sites to existing institutes; |
• | offering a broader range of technology and non-technology programs both in residence on campus and online at our existing institutes; |
• | increasing the number of our institutes that offer bachelor degree programs; and |
• | pursuing new and expanded alliances with both domestic and international educators. |
We also intend to further expand our Hybrid Delivery Model by teaching more of the courses in each of our programs online over the Internet.
Hurricane Katrina
On August 28, 2005, we temporarily closed the ITT Technical Institute in St. Rose, Louisiana due to Hurricane Katrina. The institute’s facility did not incur extensive physical damage. A number of the students who attended the institute in St. Rose prior to August 28, 2005 have since transferred to other ITT Technical Institutes. We intend to reopen the ITT Technical Institute in St. Rose in time for the start of the next academic quarter in late November 2005. Due to the hurricane’s impact on the region, however, we believe that the total number of students attending the ITT Technical Institute in St. Rose when it reopens will be significantly less than the number of students attending the institute prior to the hurricane and will not return to the prior level in the foreseeable future. We estimate that the temporary closure of the institute will have an adverse effect on our earnings per share in the amount of approximately $0.01 for the three months ended December 31, 2005 and approximately $0.04 for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses and contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates and judgments under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. These policies should be read in conjunction with Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A as filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Property and Equipment.We include all property and equipment in the financial statements at cost and make provisions for depreciation of property and equipment using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives generally range from:
• | three to ten years for furniture and equipment; |
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• | three to 14 years for leasehold and building improvements; |
• | 20 to 40 years for buildings; and |
• | three to eight years for capitalized software. |
Changes in circumstances, such as changes in our curricula and technological advances, may result in the actual useful lives of our property, equipment and capitalized software differing from our estimates. We regularly review and evaluate the estimated useful lives of our property, equipment and capitalized software. Although we believe our assumptions and estimates are reasonable, deviations from our assumptions and estimates could produce a materially different result.
Recognition of Revenue.Tuition revenue is recorded on a straight-line basis over the length of the applicable course. If a student withdraws from an institute, the standards of most state education authorities that regulate our institutes, the accrediting commission that accredits our institutes and our own internal policy limit a student’s obligation for tuition and fees to the institute depending on when the student withdraws during an academic quarter (“Refund Policies”). The terms of the Refund Policies vary by state, and the limitations imposed by the Refund Policies are generally based on the portion of the academic quarter that has elapsed at the time the student withdraws. The greater the portion of the academic quarter that has elapsed at the time the student withdraws, the greater the student’s obligation is to the institute for the tuition and fees related to that academic quarter. We record revenue net of any refunds paid as a result of any applicable Refund Policy. On an individual student basis, tuition earned in excess of cash received is recorded as accounts receivable, and cash received in excess of tuition earned is recorded as deferred revenue.
The cost of the textbooks is included in the tuition and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the applicable course length and the deferral of textbook costs is recorded in prepaids and other current assets. Tool kit sales and the related cost of the tool kits are recognized at the beginning of each academic quarter. Laptop computer sales and the related cost of the laptop computers are recognized when the student receives the laptop computer. Academic fees (which are charged only one time to students on their first day of class attendance) and admission processing fees (which, prior to their discontinuance in 2003, were charged only one time to students upon being evaluated for admission to their programs of study) are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the average course length of 24 months. If a student withdraws from an institute, all unrecognized revenue relating to his or her fees, net of any refunds paid as a result of any applicable Refund Policy, is recognized upon the student’s departure. Administrative fees, which are charged to students when they withdraw or graduate from their programs of study at an institute, are recognized when the students withdraw or graduate from their programs of study.
Approximately 97% of our revenue represents tuition charges and approximately 3% of our revenue represents tool kit sales, laptop computer sales and student fees. Textbooks and other course materials distributed to students are included in the tuition and are not charged separately to students. The amount of tuition earned depends on the cost per credit hour of the courses in the program, the number of courses in the program, how long a student remains enrolled in the program, how many program courses a student takes during each period of enrollment in the program, and the total number of students enrolled in each program. Each of these factors is known at the time our tuition revenue is calculated and is not subject to estimation.
Direct Marketing Costs.Direct costs incurred relating to the enrollment of new students are capitalized using the successful efforts method. Direct marketing costs subject to capitalization include salaries and employee benefits of recruiting representatives and other direct costs less admission processing fees, if any. Successful efforts is the ratio of students enrolled to prospective students interviewed. The higher the rate of interviewed students who enroll, the greater the percentage of our direct marketing costs that are capitalized. We amortize our direct marketing costs on a cost-pool-by-cost-pool basis over the period that we expect to receive revenue streams associated with those assets. The direct costs subject to capitalization are readily quantifiable and are not subject to estimation. The amortization method is based on historical trends of student enrollment and retention activity and is not subject to significant assumptions. We regularly evaluate the future recoverability of these deferred costs.
Contingent Liabilities. We are subject to litigation in the ordinary course of our business. When we are aware of a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or exposure. If it is probable that a loss will result and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability for the loss. The liability recorded includes probable and estimable legal costs associated with the claim or potential claim. If the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the claim if the likelihood of a potential loss is reasonably possible and the amount involved is material. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, deviations from our estimates could produce a materially different result.
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New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2004, the FASB’s EITF issued EITF 03-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.” EITF 03-1 provides further guidance on the meaning of other-than-temporary impairment and its application to debt and equity securities in accordance with APB Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock,” and SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” In September 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position EITF 03-1-1, which delays the effective date until additional guidance is issued for the application of the recognition and measurement provisions of EITF 03-1 to investments in securities that are impaired. The disclosure requirements of EITF 03-1, however, are effective for annual periods ending after June 15, 2004. Until further guidance is provided by the FASB, we are unable to determine the effect, if any, that EITF 03-1 will have on our financial condition or results of operations. See Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth elsewhere in this report for additional disclosures regarding our investments.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” that revises SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” and supercedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” In March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, “Share-Based Payment,” which provides guidance regarding the application of SFAS No. 123R. Under this accounting treatment, all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, must be reflected in the financial statements using the fair value method with the related expenses recognized over the service period. SFAS No. 123R will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005 and allows for several alternative transition methods. We expect to adopt SFAS No. 123R in our 2006 fiscal year on a modified-prospective basis without restating prior periods, which will require that we recognize compensation expense for all stock option and other equity-based awards that vest or become exercisable after the effective date.
We currently account for share-based compensation to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method under APB Opinion No. 25. Under the intrinsic value method, no compensation cost for employee or director stock options is recognized in the financial statements. The adoption of SFAS No. 123R will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, because it will require us to expense future compensation costs for stock options awarded to our employees and directors. All of those compensation expenses, however, will be non-cash and should not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or cash flows. We have elected to use the prospective method of adoption of SFAS No. 123R. For periods after January 1, 2006, the impact of SFAS No. 123R will depend on the amount of share-based compensation paid to our employees and directors. If we had adopted SFAS No. 123R in prior periods, the compensation expense recognized would have approximated the impact of SFAS No. 123 as described in the disclosure of pro forma net income and earnings per share in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a cash flow from financing activities, instead of a cash flow from operating activities as currently required. This new requirement will reduce net cash flows from operating activities and increase net cash flows from financing activities by a corresponding amount in periods after we adopt SFAS No. 123R. On October 24, 2005, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors accelerated the vesting of certain unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options to purchase shares of our common stock that had exercise prices greater than $49.20, the closing price of our common stock on October 24, 2005. The vesting was accelerated for non-qualified stock options representing approximately 795,000 shares of our common stock, which included all unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options issued and outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and 1999 Directors Stock Plan. As a result of the vesting acceleration, all of those stock options were fully exercisable as of October 24, 2005 and will remain exercisable through their expiration or termination dates, which vary, but do not extend past 2014. The vesting of those stock options was accelerated prior to our adoption in 2006 of SFAS No. 123R, as discussed in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth elsewhere in this report.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” that replaces APB Opinion No. 20, “Accounting Changes,” and SFAS No. 3, “Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements.” Under this new standard, voluntary changes in accounting principles must be applied retrospectively with all prior period financial statements presented. SFAS No. 154 also requires that any change in the method of depreciation, amortization or depletion for long-lived non-financial assets be accounted for prospectively as a change in accounting estimate, and corrections of errors in previously issued financial statements be termed a restatement. SFAS No. 154 is effective for changes in accounting principles and correction of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. We do not believe that SFAS No. 154 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the percentage relationship of certain statement of income data to revenue for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Revenue | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
Cost of educational services | 46.1 | 47.5 | 48.1 | 50.9 | ||||||||
Student services and administrative expenses | 27.9 | 27.7 | 29.8 | 28.9 | ||||||||
Special legal and other investigation costs | (3.7 | ) | 6.2 | 0.3 | 5.6 | |||||||
Operating income | 29.7 | 18.6 | 21.8 | 14.6 | ||||||||
Interest income, net | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | ||||||||
Income before income taxes | 30.9 | % | 19.2 | % | 23.0 | % | 15.1 | % | ||||
The following table sets forth our total student enrollment as of the dates indicated:
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Total Student Enrollment as of | Total Student Enrollment | Increase Over Prior Year | Total Student Enrollment | Increase Over Prior Year | ||||||
March 31 | 41,557 | 9.2 | % | 38,052 | 19.0 | % | ||||
June 30 | 41,419 | 7.0 | % | 38,709 | 16.8 | % | ||||
September 30 | 44,331 | 5.1 | % | 42,183 | 14.2 | % | ||||
December 31 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 40,876 | 10.8 | % |
The total student enrollment numbers exclude international enrollments and enrollments at two institutes that ceased operations at the end of 2004.
A new student is any student who, in the academic quarter being measured, enrolls in and begins attending any program of study at an ITT Technical Institute:
• | for the first time at that institute; |
• | after graduating from a different program of study at that institute in a prior academic quarter; or |
• | after having withdrawn or been terminated from a program of study at that institute. |
The following table sets forth our new student enrollment for the periods indicated:
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
New Student Enrollment for the Three Months Ended | New Student Enrollment | Increase Over Prior Year | New Student Enrollment | Increase Over Prior Year | ||||||
March 31 | 9,824 | 6.2 | % | 9,253 | 28.3 | % | ||||
June 30 | 10,576 | 3.1 | % | 10,261 | 18.4 | % | ||||
September 30 | 15,845 | 9.0 | % | 14,534 | 14.5 | % | ||||
December 31 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 7,909 | 8.7 | % | |||||
Total for the year | Not applicable | Not applicable | 41,957 | 17.1 | % | |||||
The new student enrollment numbers exclude international enrollments and enrollments at two institutes that ceased operations at the end of 2004.
We generally organize the academic schedule for programs of study offered at our institutes on the basis of four 12-week academic quarters in a calendar year that typically begin in early March, mid-June, early September and late November. To measure the persistence of our students, the number of continuing students in any academic quarter is divided by the total student enrollment as of the end of the immediately preceding academic quarter. A continuing student is any student who, in the academic quarter being measured, is enrolled in a program of study at an ITT Technical Institute and was enrolled in the same program at any ITT Technical Institute at the end of the immediately preceding academic quarter. Total student enrollment includes all new and continuing students enrolled at our ITT Technical Institutes at the end of an academic quarter.
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The following table sets forth the rates of our students’ persistence for each quarter in 2003, 2004, and 2005:
Student Persistence for the Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Year | March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | ||||||||
2003 | 76.9 | % | 76.6 | % | 73.2 | % | 80.2 | % | ||||
2004 | 78.0 | % | 74.8 | % | 71.4 | % | 78.2 | % | ||||
2005 | 77.6 | % | 74.2 | % | 68.8 | % | Not applicable |
International enrollments and enrollments at two institutes that ceased operations at the end of 2004 are excluded from the calculation of our students’ persistence rates.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2004
Revenue increased $18.9 million, or 11.9%, to $176.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $157.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to:
• | a 5.0% increase in tuition rates in March 2005; |
• | a 7.0% increase in the total student enrollment at our institutes on June 30, 2005 compared to June 30, 2004; and |
• | a 9.0% increase in the new student enrollment at our institutes in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. |
The increase in total student enrollment was primarily a result of:
• | the opening of new institutes; |
• | an increased number of new programs of study offered by our institutes; |
• | the availability of private student loans to supplement federal student financial aid; |
• | national demographic trends that continue to be favorable to the postsecondary education industry; and |
• | the use of the Hybrid Delivery Model at more institutes. |
The increase in revenue was partially offset by a decrease in our students’ persistence from 71.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2004 to 68.8% in the three months ended September 30, 2005. The decrease in our students’ persistence was primarily the result of:
• | the temporary closure of our institute in St. Rose, LA as a result of Hurricane Katrina; |
• | an increase in the number of online courses taken by students (in which students typically persist at lower rates than in residence courses) in 2005 compared to 2004; and |
• | an increase in the number of graduates in 2005 compared to 2004. |
Cost of educational services increased $6.4 million, or 8.5%, to $81.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $75.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The principal causes of this increase included:
• | the costs required to service the increased enrollment; |
• | normal inflationary cost increases for wages and other costs of services; and |
• | increased costs due to opening two new institutes and three new learning sites in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. |
Cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue decreased to 46.1% in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from 47.5% in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The primary causes of this decrease included:
• | expanded use of the Hybrid Delivery Model; |
• | cost reductions in course supplies as a result of new and renegotiated vendor contracts; |
• | continued facility utilization efficiencies; and |
• | certain fixed costs at our institutes that did not increase proportionately with increases in our revenue resulting from increased student enrollment and tuition rate increases. |
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Student services and administrative expenses increased $5.5 million, or 12.7%, to $49.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $43.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The principal causes of this increase included:
• | normal inflationary cost increases for wages and other costs of services; and |
• | an increase in media advertising costs of 13.8% as a result of the promotion of new program offerings and higher media rates. |
Student services and administrative expenses increased to 27.9% of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 27.7% of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to an increase in media advertising costs.
Special legal and other investigation costs decreased $16.3 million to $(6.5) million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $9.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. This decrease had a material favorable effect on our results of operations. We recorded income of $6.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 to reduce the accrual of estimated legal costs associated with the Actions. We recorded a charge of $9.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004 for estimated legal costs associated with the Actions. See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth elsewhere in this report.
Operating income increased $23.2 million, or 79.2%, to $52.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $29.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The operating margin increased to 29.7% of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from 18.6% in the three months ended September 30, 2004, primarily as a result of:
• | a $6.5 million reduction of the accrual for special legal and other investigation costs in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to a $9.8 million charge recorded for special legal and other investigation costs in the three months ended September 30, 2004, which represented a 9.9% increase in the operating margin; |
• | expanded use of the Hybrid Delivery Model; |
• | cost reductions in course supplies as a result of new and renegotiated vendor contracts; |
• | continued facility utilization efficiencies; and |
• | certain fixed costs at our institutes that did not increase proportionately with increases in our revenue resulting from increased student enrollment and tuition rate increases. |
Income taxes. Our combined effective federal and state income tax rate was 36.9% in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 39.0% in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The primary cause of this decrease was a reduction in our tax reserves in the three months ended September 30, 2005 following the favorable resolution of state income tax reviews and a favorable return to provision adjustment for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004
Revenue increased $55.1 million, or 12.2%, to $505.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $450.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to:
• | a 5.0% increase in tuition rates in March 2005; |
• | a 10.8% increase in the total student enrollment at our institutes on December 31, 2004 compared to December 31, 2003; and |
• | a 6.5% increase in new student enrollment at our institutes in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. |
The increase in total student enrollment was primarily a result of:
• | the opening of new institutes; |
• | an increased number of new programs of study offered by our institutes; |
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• | the availability of private student loans to supplement federal student financial aid; |
• | national demographic trends that continue to be favorable to the postsecondary education industry; and |
• | expanded use of the Hybrid Delivery Model. |
The increase in revenue was partially offset by a decrease in our students’ persistence in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The decrease in our students’ persistence was primarily the result of:
• | an increase in the number of online courses taken by students (in which students typically persist at lower rates than in residence courses) in 2005 compared to 2004; |
• | an increase in the number of graduates in 2005 compared to 2004; and |
• | the temporary closure of our institute in St. Rose, LA as a result of Hurricane Katrina. |
Cost of educational services increased $13.8 million, or 6.0%, to $243.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $229.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The principal causes of this increase included:
• | the costs required to service the increased student enrollment; |
• | normal inflationary cost increases for wages and other costs of services; and |
• | increased costs due to opening two new institutes and three new learning sites in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. |
Cost of educational services as a percentage of revenue decreased to 48.1% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from 50.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The primary causes of this decrease included:
• | expanded use of the Hybrid Delivery Model; |
• | cost reductions in course supplies as a result of new and renegotiated vendor contracts; |
• | continued facility utilization efficiencies; and |
• | certain fixed costs at our institutes that did not increase proportionately with increases in our revenue resulting from increased student enrollment and tuition rate increases. |
Student services and administrative expenses increased $20.4 million, or 15.7%, to $150.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $130.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The principal causes of this increase included:
• | normal inflationary cost increases for wages and other costs of services; |
• | hiring more financial aid administrators to service a greater number of new and continuing students; and |
• | an increase in media advertising costs of 18.5% as a result of the promotion of new program offerings and higher media rates. |
Student services and administrative expenses increased to 29.8% of revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 28.9% of revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to an increase in media advertising costs.
Special legal and other investigation costs decreased $23.9 million to $1.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $25.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. This decrease had a material favorable effect on our results of operations. The primary causes of this decrease were the favorable developments in the Actions in the three months ended September 30, 2005, which led us to reassess the probable and estimable legal costs associated with the Actions and, as a result, reduce the accrual of estimated legal costs associated with the Actions in the amount of $6.5 million by recording a corresponding amount of income in the three months ended September 30, 2005. See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth elsewhere in this report.
Operating income increased $44.8 million, or 68.2%, to $110.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $65.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The operating margin increased to 21.8% of revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from 14.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, primarily as a result of:
• | a $23.9 million reduction in special legal and other investigation costs, which represented a 5.3% increase in the operating margin; |
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• | expanded use of the Hybrid Delivery Model; |
• | cost reductions in course supplies as a result of new and renegotiated vendor contracts; |
• | continued facility utilization efficiencies; and |
• | certain fixed costs at our institutes that did not increase proportionately with increases in our revenue resulting from increased student enrollment and tuition rate increases. |
Income taxes. Our combined effective federal and state income tax rate was 38.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 39.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The primary cause of this decrease was a reduction in our tax reserves in the three months ended September 30, 2005 following the favorable resolution of state income tax reviews and a favorable return to provision adjustment for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Due to the seasonal pattern of enrollments and our receipt of tuition payments, comparisons of financial position and cash generated from operations should be made both to the end of the previous year and to the corresponding period during the previous year.
Our Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase outstanding shares of our common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act.
We did not repurchase any outstanding shares of our common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. As of September 30, 2005, our existing repurchase authorization permits us to repurchase an additional 4.2 million shares of our common stock. We may elect to repurchase additional shares of our common stock from time to time in the future, depending on market conditions and other considerations. The purpose of the stock repurchase program is to help us achieve our long-term goal of enhancing shareholder value.
Net cash from operating activities was $50.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to $28.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. The primary causes of this increase included:
• | an increase in net income; |
• | a reduction of deferred tax assets as a result of reversing certain accrued legal reserves; and |
• | the revision in the classification of investments previously categorized as trading securities to available-for-sale securities. |
Net cash from operating activities was $80.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to $91.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The primary causes of this decrease included:
• | the timing of payments on certain short-term obligations; |
• | delays in processing student financial aid, which reduced the amount of cash represented by advance tuition payments from students and caused an increase in accounts receivable; and |
• | the revision in the classification of investments previously categorized as trading securities to available-for-sale securities. |
As of September 30, 2005, we had $7.6 million of investments that we plan to hold until maturity. We intend to hold $2.1 million of those investments beyond one year from the Consolidated Balance Sheet date of September 30, 2005.
Net accounts receivable increased $3.9 million to $17.9 million at September 30, 2005 from $14.0 million at September 30, 2004, primarily due to delays in processing student financial aid. Days sales outstanding increased 1.1 days to 9.3 days at September 30, 2005 from 8.2 days at September 30, 2004.
Deferred revenue, which represents the cash received from students in excess of tuition earned, increased $16.2 million to $152.3 million at September 30, 2005 from $136.1 million at September 30, 2004. This increase was primarily due to increased tuition revenue resulting from a greater number of students and higher tuition rates, and our students’ increased use of supplemental private loans.
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During the three months ended September 30, 2005, we:
• | purchased for $1.9 million one facility which we intend to renovate; |
• | purchased for $1.6 million one parcel of land on which we intend to build a facility; and |
• | expended $0.2 million for initial and ongoing construction costs of eight facilities. |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we:
• | purchased for $9.1 million two facilities which we intend to renovate; |
• | purchased for $2.7 million two parcels of land on which we intend to build facilities; |
• | purchased one facility for $4.7 million; and |
• | expended $7.0 million for initial and ongoing construction costs of nine facilities. |
In the remainder of our 2005 fiscal year, we have agreed to purchase for $1.2 million one parcel of land on which we intend to build a facility, expend $3.4 million to construct a new facility and incur $0.8 million of renovation costs for an existing facility. We may purchase additional facilities and parcels of land during the remainder of 2005. Capital expenditures were $4.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $6.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. Capital expenditures were $14.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and $16.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
We do not believe that any reduction in cash and cash equivalents or investments that may result from their use to effect any future stock repurchases or facility purchases will have a material adverse effect on our expansion plans, planned capital expenditures, ability to meet any applicable regulatory financial responsibility standards, or ability to conduct normal operations.
Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our specified contractual obligations as of September 30, 2005.
Payment Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | Less than 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | More than 5 Years | ||||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||||||||
Operating Lease Obligations | $ | 115.7 | $ | 26.7 | $ | 44.9 | $ | 26.5 | $ | 17.6 | |||||
Purchase Obligations (1) | 5.4 | 5.4 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 121.1 | $ | 32.1 | $ | 44.9 | $ | 26.5 | $ | 17.6 | |||||
(1) | Does not include agreements to purchase course materials as needed over the next five years. These agreements do not constitute contractual purchase obligations that require disclosure under the SEC’s rules and regulations. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2005, we leased our non-owned facilities under operating lease agreements. A majority of the operating leases contain renewal options that can be exercised after the initial lease term. Renewal options are generally for periods of one to five years. All operating leases will expire over the next 11 years and management expects that:
• | those leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases in the normal course of business; |
• | we may purchase the facilities represented by those leases; or |
• | we may purchase or build other facilities. |
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There are no material restrictions imposed by the lease agreements, and we have not entered into any significant guarantees related to the leases. We are required to make additional payments under the terms of the operating leases for taxes, insurance and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period.
As part of our normal course of operations, one of our insurers issues surety bonds for us that are required by various education authorities that regulate us. We are obligated to reimburse our insurer for any of those surety bonds that are paid by the insurer. As of September 30, 2005, the total face amount of those surety bonds was $8.5 million. In addition, we have provided irrevocable letters of credit in the total amount of $1.6 million to our workers’ compensation insurance providers to secure payment of our workers’ compensation claims.
From 1994 through 1999, we entered into agreements with unaffiliated, private funding sources to provide supplemental loans to students to help pay the students’ cost of education that federal and state financial aid sources did not cover. Some of these agreements required us to guarantee repayment of the supplemental student loans if the students fail to pay. The outstanding loans under these agreements at September 30, 2005 aggregated $0.7 million, for which we have fully reserved for our guarantee obligation.
Certain of our current and former officers and Directors are or may become a party in certain of the Actions. Our By-Laws and Restated Certificate of Incorporation obligate us to indemnify our officers and Directors to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, provided that their conduct complied with certain requirements. We are obligated to advance defense costs to our officers and Directors, subject to the individual’s obligation to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that the individual was not entitled to indemnification. In addition, our indemnity obligation can, under certain circumstances, include indemnifiable judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with the Actions.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Our investments in marketable debt securities with remaining contractual maturity dates of 90 days or less are recorded in cash and cash equivalents at cost, which approximates market value. We have investments in marketable debt and auction rate preferred equity securities, which are classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity, depending on our investment intentions with regard to those securities. Marketable debt securities classified as available-for-sale securities that have remaining contractual maturity dates in excess of 90 days at the time of purchase are recorded at their market value. Marketable debt securities classified as held-to-maturity securities are recorded at their amortized cost, because we have the intent and ability to hold those investments until they mature. Auction rate preferred equity securities classified as available-for-sale securities are recorded at their market value. Investments that we intend to hold for more than one year are recorded as non-current investments.
We estimate that the market risk associated with our investments in marketable debt and auction rate preferred equity securities can best be measured by a potential decrease in the fair value of these securities resulting from a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates. If such a hypothetical increase in rates were to occur, the reduction in the market value of our portfolio of marketable debt and auction rate preferred equity securities would not be material.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
We are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (“DCP”) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed by us under the Exchange Act is: (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating our DCP, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and that our management’s duties require it to make its best judgment regarding the design of our DCP.
As of September 30, 2005, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision (and with the participation) of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our DCP pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our DCP were not effective as of September 30, 2005, as a result of a material weakness in our internal control over our financial reporting (“ICFR”), as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, with respect to accounting for cash flows from operating and financing activities. Specifically, the controls over the presentation of cash flows from (i) restricted cash and (ii)
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the tax benefit from stock option exercises were not effective, resulting in the restatement of our annual Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2005 and 2004. In addition, this control deficiency could result in a misstatement of our cash flows from operating activities and cash flows from financing activities that would result in a material misstatement to our annual or interim Consolidated Financial Statements that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, our management has determined that this control deficiency constitutes a material weakness. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
During the third quarter of 2005, we continued implementing a new management information system for recognizing and recording revenue and collections on amounts due from students. We believe that the new system will be fully implemented within the next six months. We expect that the new system will enhance our operational efficiencies. As part of the new system implementation, we expect to make adjustments to the new system that will further enhance its operating effectiveness and which may result in additional changes to our internal control over financial reporting. Other than the changes related to the new system mentioned above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2005 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
We are subject to litigation in the ordinary course of our business. When we are aware of a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or exposure. If it is probable that a loss will result and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability for the loss. The liability recorded includes probable and estimable legal costs associated with the claim or potential claim. If the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the claim if the likelihood of a potential loss is reasonably possible and the amount involved is material.
In October 2002, the Office of Attorney General for the State of California (“CAG”) informed us that the CAG had initiated an investigation of our ITT Technical Institutes in California. In August 2005, the CAG informed us that its investigation was initiated as a result of a qui tam action filed against us on May 9, 2002 in the United States District Court for the Central District of California Western Division by two of our former employees (“relators”) on behalf of themselves, the federal government and the State of California under the following caption:United States of America ex rel. Mohamed Mahmoud and Ed Maloney v. ITT Educational Services, Inc.(the “Mahmoud Action”). In the complaint, the relators alleged that we violated the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729,et seq. and the California False Claims Act, Cal. Gov’t. Code § 12650,et seq. by knowingly presenting false claims for payment, conspiring to get false claims paid and knowingly using false statements to get false claims paid relating to the grant aid received by our California students under the State’s Cal Grant Program. The CAG’s investigation lasted approximately three years and covered the seven year period from 1996 through 2002 (the “Relevant Period”).
As a result of its investigation, the CAG contended that student grade point average calculations made by us pursuant to the requirements of the Cal Grant Program to help determine whether our students in California qualified for financial aid under the Cal Grant Program resulted in approximately 93 students receiving a Cal Grant for which they were not otherwise eligible, which represented approximately 1.3% of the more than 7,000 students who received a Cal Grant while attending one of six different ITT Technical Institutes in California during the Relevant Period. We acknowledged that erroneous student grade point average calculations resulted in 49 students receiving a larger Cal Grant amount than they otherwise would have received, which represented approximately 0.7% of the total number of students who received a Cal Grant while attending one of six different ITT Technical Institutes in California during the Relevant Period.
On September 30, 2005, the CAG and we agreed to settle the State of California’s claims in the Mahmoud Action (without an admission of liability), pursuant to which we will pay the State $725 in exchange for the State’s release of all claims under the California False Claims Act that were asserted against us in the Mahmoud Action arising from the award of Cal Grant Program funds to our students during the Relevant Period. The settlement of the State of California’s claims is conditioned upon:
• | the court’s approval of the fairness, adequacy and reasonableness of the settlement terms; |
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• | the court’s dismissal of the remainder of the Mahmoud Action with prejudice; and |
• | the California Student Aid Commission’s agreement not to bring any administrative action against us with respect to any of the allegations or claims against us in the Mahmoud Action. |
On October 12, 2005, the court unsealed the Mahmoud Action, upon which we learned that the DOJ, on behalf of the federal government, declined to intervene in the Mahmoud Action on September 30, 2005.
A qui tam action is a civil lawsuit brought by one or more individuals (a qui tam “relator”) on behalf of the federal or state government for an alleged submission to the government of a false claim for payment. A qui tam action is always filed under seal and remains under seal until the government decides whether to intervene in the litigation. Whenever a relator files a qui tam action, the government typically initiates an investigation in order to determine whether to intervene in the litigation. If the government intervenes, it has primary control over the litigation. If the government declines to intervene, the relator may pursue the litigation on behalf of the federal or state government and, if successful, receives a portion of the government’s recovery.
On August 19, 2004, a consolidated complaint in a securities class action lawsuit was filed against us and ten of our current and former Directors and executive officers in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana under the following caption:City of Austin Police Retirement System, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. ITT Educational Services, Inc., et al. (the “Austin Action”). The Austin Action was a result of the court’s June 18, 2004 order to consolidate 13 separate securities class action lawsuits filed from February 26, 2004 through April 23, 2004. The consolidated complaint alleged, among other things, that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, by engaging in an unlawful course of conduct, pursuant to which the defendants knowingly or recklessly engaged in acts, transactions, practices and courses of business to conceal adverse material information about our financial condition, and that this conduct operated as a fraud and deceit upon the plaintiffs. The complaint also alleged that the defendants made various deceptive and untrue statements of material facts and omitted to state material facts necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading to the plaintiffs, causing the plaintiffs to purchase our securities at artificially inflated prices. The putative class period in the Austin Action was from October 17, 2002 through March 8, 2004. The plaintiffs sought, among other things, an award of unspecified compensatory damages, interest, costs, expenses and attorney’s fees.
On September 14, 2005, the court dismissed without prejudice all of the claims against all of the defendants in the Austin Action, and gave the plaintiffs until October 14, 2005 to file an amended complaint. In particular, the court ruled that:
• | the plaintiffs failed to state a claim of securities fraud under Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5 of the SEC, 17 C.F.R. § 240.106-5; |
• | the plaintiffs’ allegations failed to meet the heightened pleading requirements of Rule 9(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (“FRCP”) or the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b); and |
• | pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the FRCP, the plaintiffs’ allegations of control person liability under Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a), failed to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. |
On October 24, 2005, the court dismissed the Austin Action with prejudice.
On or about April 29, 2004, a consolidated complaint in a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against five of our current and former executive officers, ten of our current and former Directors and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PWC”), our independent registered public accounting firm, in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, Indiana under the following caption:In Re ITT Educational Services, Inc. Derivative Litigation. This action was a result of the court’s March 30, 2004 order to consolidate two separate shareholder derivative lawsuits filed on or about February 27, 2004. On December 1, 2004, the court dismissed the consolidated complaint without prejudice and gave the plaintiffs 30 days to replead their complaint. On January 3, 2005, the plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The amended consolidated complaint alleged, among other things, that:
• | certain individual defendants breached a fiduciary duty by selling our common stock and misappropriating our information; |
• | all defendants breached their fiduciary duties to us, abused their ability to control and influence us, grossly mismanaged us, caused us to waste corporate assets and were unjustly enriched; and |
• | PWC breached a duty of care and professional competence to us and breached its contracts with us. |
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The amended consolidated complaint sought unspecified damages, extraordinary equitable and/or injunctive relief, disgorgement of profits, benefits and other compensation, costs and attorneys’ fees. On September 16, 2005, the court dismissed with prejudice all of the claims against all of the defendants, because the plaintiffs’ allegations failed to meet the pleading requirement of particularity for demand futility allegations.
On September 7, 2004, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against five of our current and former executive officers, ten of our current and former Directors and PWC, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana under the following caption:Alaska Electrical Pension Fund Derivatively on Behalf of ITT Educational Services, Inc. v. Rene R. Champagne, et al. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants caused us to violate state and federal education finance laws and regulations by falsifying our student records and federal securities laws by falsifying our accounting, auditing and financial reporting between October 2002 and April 2004. As a result, the complaint alleges, among other things, that the individual defendants:
• | breached and/or aided and abetted in the breach of: |
• | a duty to disseminate accurate information about us; |
• | fiduciary duties of care, candor and loyalty to us and disclosure to our shareholders; |
• | a duty to test, oversee and monitor our system of internal controls, governance procedures and disclosure procedures; and |
• | a duty to ensure that our internal controls, governance procedures and disclosure procedures were functioning in an effective manner and in compliance with Pub. L. 107-204, 116 Stat. 745 (2002); |
• | abused their ability to control and influence us; |
• | grossly mismanaged us; |
• | committed constructive fraud; |
• | will be and have been unjustly enriched at our expense; and |
• | violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by: |
• | disseminating or approving false statements that they knew or recklessly disregarded were misleading; |
• | failing to disclose material facts necessary in order to make those statements not misleading; and |
• | misappropriating our proprietary information. |
In addition, the complaint alleges, among other things, that PWC:
• | violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by: |
• | disseminating or approving false statements that it knew or recklessly disregarded were misleading; and |
• | failing to disclose material facts necessary in order to make those statements not misleading; |
• | was negligent and committed accounting malpractice by failing to conduct its audits of our 2002 and 2003 fiscal year financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, generally accepted auditing standards and SEC rules; |
• | aided and abetted the individual defendants’: |
• | breach of fiduciary duties to us; |
• | abuse of their control of us; and |
• | gross mismanagement of us; and |
• | violated their duty of candor to our shareholders. |
The complaint seeks unspecified damages, extraordinary equitable and/or injunctive relief, punitive damages, costs and expenses, attorneys’ fees, pre-judgment interest, an order directing the defendants to account for all damages caused by them and all profits, special benefits and unjust enrichment they obtained, and an order directing us to reform and improve our corporate governance and internal control procedures. On December 8, 2004, the parties agreed to stay this action pending the entry of a final judgment in theIn Re ITT Educational Services, Inc. Derivative Litigation action, except that the stay will be lifted if a subsequently filed shareholder derivative lawsuit is filed in the Southern District of Indiana and the defendants are unable to enter into a similar stay of that action. All of the individual defendants intend to defend themselves vigorously against the allegations in the complaint.
On November 17, 2004, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed against ten of our current and former Directors, in the Chancery Court of New Castle County, Delaware under the following caption:Albert Reitan, derivatively on behalf of nominal
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defendant ITT Educational Services, Inc. v. Rand V. Araskog, et al. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants abdicated their fiduciary duty of good faith to us by making no effort to oversee our operations and business practices to ensure that we comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, equitable relief, attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, experts’ fees, costs and expenses. On March 31, 2005, in response to the parties’ request, the court issued an order staying this action until the entry of a final judgment in theCity of Austin Police Retirement System, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. ITT Educational Services, Inc. et al. action. All of the defendants intend to defend themselves vigorously against the allegations in the complaint.
On July 7, 2004, we received a derivative demand letter pursuant to Del. Ct. Ch. R. 23.1 on behalf of Arthur Stein, a purported shareholder, demanding that our Board of Directors commence a civil action against each of our current Directors, one former Director and four of our current and former executive officers to recover for our benefit the amount of damages sustained by us as a result of the misconduct alleged in the letter. The misconduct alleged in the letter is similar to the type of misconduct alleged against the individual defendants in the consolidated shareholder derivative lawsuit described above. The demand letter indicates that Mr. Stein will commence a shareholder’s derivative action on our behalf, if our Board does not commence an action as demanded therein within a reasonable period of time. We informed Mr. Stein that our Board had deferred its decision with respect to Mr. Stein’s demand until the conclusion of the DOJ investigation of us, the inquiry initiated by the SEC into the allegations being investigated by the DOJ and the securities class action lawsuits filed against us, or until the receipt of additional information concerning the allegations made in the demand.
Although the derivative actions are brought nominally on behalf of us, we expect to incur defense costs and other expenses in connection with the derivative lawsuits, and we cannot assure you that the ultimate outcome of these or other actions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
The current and former executive officers named in one or more of the pending shareholder derivative lawsuits and derivative demand letter described above include: Rene R. Champagne, Clark D. Elwood, Eugene W. Feichtner, Martin A. Grossman, Thomas W. Lauer, Kevin M. Modany and Omer E. Waddles.
Certain of our current and former officers and Directors are or may become a party in certain of the actions described above. Our By-Laws and Restated Certificate of Incorporation obligate us to indemnify our officers and Directors to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, provided that their conduct complied with certain requirements. We are obligated to advance defense costs to our officers and Directors, subject to the individual’s obligation to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that the individual was not entitled to indemnification. In addition, our indemnity obligation can, under certain circumstances, include indemnifiable judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with those actions.
On March 4, 2005, we were served with a qui tam action that was filed on April 8, 2004 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana by a former employee (“relator”) on behalf of himself and the federal government under the following caption:United States of America ex rel. Robert Olson v. ITT Educational Services, Inc. d/b/a ITT Technical Institute (the “Olson Action”). We were served with the Olson Action after the DOJ declined to intervene in the litigation. On June 24, 2005, the relator filed an amended complaint in the Olson Action. In the amended complaint, the relator alleges that we violated the False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729,et seq., by knowingly making and using false records and statements relating to, among other things, student recruitment, admission, enrollment, attendance, grading, testing, graduate placement, programs of study and course materials in order to fraudulently obtain student loans and tuition from the federal government. The complaint seeks an unspecified judgment and attorney’s fees and costs. We intend to defend ourselves vigorously against the allegations made in the complaint.
We cannot assure you of the ultimate outcome of any litigation involving us. Any litigation alleging violations of education or consumer protection laws and/or regulations, misrepresentation, fraud or deceptive practices may also subject our affected institutes to additional regulatory scrutiny.
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Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
The following table sets forth information regarding purchases made by us of shares of our common stock on a monthly basis in the three months ended September 30, 2005:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | |||||||||
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) | |||||
July 1, 2005 through July 31, 2005 | — | $ | — | — | 4,216,300 | ||||
August 1, 2005 through August 31, 2005 | — | — | — | 4,216,300 | |||||
September 1, 2005 through September 30, 2005 | — | — | — | 4,216,300 | |||||
Total | — | $ | — | — | |||||
(1) | On October 17, 2002, we announced that our Board of Directors on October 15, 2002 authorized us to repurchase 5.0 million shares of our common stock (the “2002 Repurchase Program”). As of September 30, 2005, 4,216,300 shares remained to be repurchased under the 2002 Repurchase Program. The terms of the 2002 Repurchase Program provide that we may repurchase shares of our common stock, from time to time depending on market conditions and other considerations, in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. Unless earlier terminated by our Board of Directors, the 2002 Repurchase Program will expire when we repurchase all shares authorized for repurchase thereunder. |
Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
On October 24, 2005, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors accelerated the vesting of certain unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options to purchase shares of our common stock that had exercise prices greater than $49.20, the closing price of our common stock on October 24, 2005. The vesting was accelerated for non-qualified stock options representing approximately 795,000 shares of our common stock, which included all unvested, “out-of-the-money” stock options issued and outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and 1999 Directors Stock Plan. As a result of the vesting acceleration, all of those stock options were fully exercisable as of October 24, 2005 and will remain exercisable through their expiration or termination dates, which vary, but do not extend past 2014. The purpose for accelerating the vesting of those stock options was to reduce our future compensation costs associated with those stock options upon our adoption of SFAS No. 123R in 2006. We estimate that the accelerated vesting of those stock options will reduce our compensation costs, net of tax, by approximately $5,000 in 2006, $2,200 in 2007 and $200 in 2008.
On October 24, 2005, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors determined to accelerate the annual award and vesting of a portion of the nonqualified stock options to our executives, including our named executive officers, under the 1997 Stock Plan that the Compensation Committee would have otherwise awarded in January 2006 to become effective in February 2006 (the “Stock Options”). The Stock Options will be awarded in 2005, but the Compensation Committee has not yet determined the date of the awards or the number of shares of our common stock underlying the awards. We will file a current report on Form 8-K with the SEC following the Compensation Committee’s determination of this information. The Stock Option to be awarded to each of our executives will be fully vested and immediately exercisable as of the date of the award, permitting the executive to purchase the number of shares of our common stock underlying the Stock Option awarded at a price equal to the fair market value of the stock as of the close of business on the date of the award.
The early award and full vesting of the Stock Options will be conditioned upon each of our executives agreeing, in the applicable award agreement to be entered into between us and the executive (the “Award Agreement”), that he/she will not, subject to limited exceptions, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any shares of our common stock acquired by the executive upon exercising the Stock Option until:
• | the first anniversary of the award date, with respect to one-third of the shares of our common stock underlying the Stock Option; |
• | the second anniversary of the award date, with respect to an additional one-third of the shares of our common stock underlying the Stock Option; and |
• | the third anniversary of the award date, with respect to the remaining one-third of the shares of our common stock underlying the Stock Option. |
The purpose for accelerating the award and vesting of the Stock Options is to reduce our future compensation costs associated with the Stock Options upon our adoption of SFAS No. 123R in 2006. An estimate of the amount that our compensation costs, net
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of tax, in future years will be reduced due to the accelerated award and vesting of the Stock Options will be included in the current report on Form 8-K that we will file with the SEC following the Compensation Committee’s determination of the date of the Stock Option awards and the number of shares of our common stock underlying the Stock Option awards.
On October 25, 2005, our Board of Directors approved:
• | a change in the form of annual long-term incentive compensation paid by us to the non-employee members of our Board of Directors from non-qualified stock options to restricted stock; |
• | the creation of a new equity compensation plan that would permit the payment of restricted stock to the non-employee members of our Board of Directors; and |
• | the submission of that plan to our shareholders for approval at our 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. |
Under the terms of the proposed equity compensation plan, each non-employee member of our Board of Directors would receive an annual award of restricted stock that would not vest before the expiration of three years from the date of the award, except in the event that the Director’s service on our Board of Directors ends for any reason other than for cause or in the event of an acceleration event as would be defined in the equity compensation plan document. The number of shares of our common stock subject to each annual award of restricted stock to each non-employee member of our Board of Directors would be determined from time to time by our Board of Directors. Subject to the approval of our shareholders of the new equity compensation plan, the annual award of restricted stock to the non-employee members of our Board of Directors would begin in 2006, and the initial award would represent the number of shares of our common stock that would have a fair market value equal to $100,000 as of the close of business on the date of the award.
Prior to October 25, 2005, the non-employee members of our Board of Directors received an annual non-qualified stock option award representing 8,000 shares of our common stock under the 1999 Directors Stock Plan.
Item 6. EXHIBITS.
A list of exhibits required to be filed as part of this report is set forth in the Index to Exhibits, which immediately precedes the exhibits, and is incorporated herein by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ITT Educational Services, Inc. | ||||
Date: February 10, 2006 | ||||
By: | /s/ Daniel M. Fitzpatrick | |||
Daniel M. Fitzpatrick | ||||
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
(Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer | ||||
and Principal Accounting Officer) |
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. | Description | |
3.1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as Amended to Date (incorporated herein by reference from the same exhibit number to ITT/ESI’s 2005 second fiscal quarter report on Form 10-Q) | |
3.2 | Restated By-Laws, as Amended to Date (incorporated herein by reference from the same exhibit number to ITT/ESI’s 2002 third fiscal quarter report on Form 10-Q) | |
10.51 | Separation and General Release Agreement accepted by Martin A. Grossman on September 12, 2005 (incorporated herein by reference from the same exhibit number to ITT/ESI’s current report on Form 8-K dated September 12, 2005) | |
31.1 | Chief Executive Officer’s Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | |
31.2 | Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | |
32.1 | Chief Executive Officer’s Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | |
32.2 | Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |
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