Exhibit 99.1
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COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Valuation, Consultation, Due Diligence
Valuation, Consultation, Due Diligence
Appraisal of
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments
200 West 60th Street
Westmont, Illinois
200 West 60th Street
Westmont, Illinois
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May 19, 2010
Mr. Derek McCandless
AP XII Associates GP, LLC
4582 S. Ulster St., Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80237
AP XII Associates GP, LLC
4582 S. Ulster St., Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80237
Re: | Appraisal of Twin Lakes Towers Apartments 200 West 60th Street Westmont, Illinois 60559 |
Dear Mr. McCandless:
Cogent Realty Advisors LLC (“CRA”) has completed an appraisal of the above-referenced property as requested by our April 13, 2010 engagement letter. The purpose of this assignment is to estimate the Market Value of the Fee Simple Interest in the subject property, free and clear of mortgage financing as of April 21, 2010, the date the property was last inspected by the appraiser. The report has been prepared for AP XII Associates GP, LLC for client’s use in asset evaluation and financial reporting purposes.
Situated as noted above, the subject property consists of a 17.13-acre site improved with a 399-unit mid-rise apartment complex. The subject was developed in 1970 and contains 345,000 square feet of rentable area. Additional site improvements and amenities include a freestanding management/leasing office/clubhouse building, asphalt paved driveways and surface parking areas, concrete walkways, fitness center, business center, outdoor swimming pool, barbecue area, laundry facilities, and mature landscaping. The complex, locally known as the Twin Lakes Towers Apartments, is classified as a Class B apartment community by local market standards. The property is currently 95.0% occupied and is in average physical condition. The subject property is more fully described, legally and physically, within the attached report.
Based on the analysis contained in the attached report, the Market Value of the Fee Simple Interest in the subject property, free and clear of mortgage financing, as of April 21, 2010, is:
THIRTY-SIX MILLION DOLLARS
($36,000,000)
($36,000,000)
This letter must remain attached to the following report, which contains the pages found in the Table of Contents on Page i. The attached report was prepared in compliance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) as set forth by the Appraisal Foundation and in accordance with the Code of Professional Ethics and Standards of Professional Practice of the Appraisal Institute. Please also refer to the Basic Assumptions and Limiting Conditions section of the report that includes Extraordinary Conditions/Special Assumptions that were considered in the valuation of the subject property.
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Commercial Real Estate Valuation, Consultation, Due Diligence
5307 E. Mockingbird Lane, Suite 1050, Dallas, Texas 75206
Tel: 214.363.3373 Fax: 214.369.4388
Commercial Real Estate Valuation, Consultation, Due Diligence
5307 E. Mockingbird Lane, Suite 1050, Dallas, Texas 75206
Tel: 214.363.3373 Fax: 214.369.4388
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Mr. Derek McCandless | May 19, 2010 | |
AP XII Associates GP, LLC. | Page 2 |
It has been a pleasure to be of service to you. Please do not hesitate to call with any questions you may have regarding our assumptions, observations or conclusions.
Respectfully submitted,
COGENT REALTY ADVISORS, LLC | ||||||||
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By: | Steven J. Goldberg, MAI, CCIM | By: | Robert T. Don | |||||
Managing Partner | Senior Appraiser |
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page i |
INTRODUCTION
Title Page | ||||
Letter of Transmittal | ||||
Table of Contents | i | |||
Certificate of Appraisal | ii | |||
Basic Assumptions and Limiting Conditions | iii | |||
Subject Property Photographs & Maps | v | |||
PREMISES OF THE APPRAISAL | ||||
Summary of Salient Facts and Conclusions | 1 | |||
Property Identification | 3 | |||
Sales History | 3 | |||
Purpose and Scope of the Appraisal | 3 | |||
Definition of Value | 4 | |||
Property Rights Appraised | 4 | |||
Intended Use and User of the Appraisal and Reporting | 4 | |||
Exposure and Marketing Periods | 5 | |||
PRESENTATION OF DATA | ||||
Regional and Area Analysis | 6 | |||
Neighborhood Analysis | 12 | |||
Site Analysis | 14 | |||
Improvement Analysis | 16 | |||
Zoning Analysis | 20 | |||
Real Estate Assessment and Taxes | 21 | |||
MARKET ANALYSIS | ||||
Apartment Market Analysis | 23 | |||
Market Rent Analysis | 26 | |||
ANALYSIS OF DATA AND CONCLUSIONS | ||||
Highest and Best Use | 34 | |||
Valuation Process | 36 | |||
Income Capitalization Approach | 38 | |||
Sales Comparison Approach | 49 | |||
Reconciliation and Final Value Conclusion | 54 | |||
ADDENDA | ||||
Additional Subject Property Photographs | ||||
Improved Sales Photos | ||||
Appraiser Qualifications |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page ii |
CERTIFICATE OF APPRAISAL
We, Steven J. Goldberg, MAI, CCIM and Robert T. Don, certify that to the best of our knowledge and belief:
The statements of fact contained in this appraisal are true and correct.
The reported analyses, opinions, and conclusions are limited only by the reported assumptions and limiting conditions, and my personal, unbiased professional analyses, opinions, and conclusions.
We have no present or prospective interest in the property that is the subject property of this appraisal, and have no personal interest or bias with respect to the parties involved.
Our compensation is not contingent upon the reporting of a predetermined value or direction in value that favors the cause of the client, the amount of value estimate, the attainment of a stipulated result, or the occurrence of a subsequent event
Our analyses, opinions, and conclusions were developed, and this report has been prepared, in conformity with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) as promulgated by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation, the Code of Professional Ethics and the Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice of the Appraisal Institute.
No one other than the undersigned assisted in the preparation of this appraisal.
Robert T. Don has made a personal inspection of the property that is the subject of this appraisal on April 21, 2010. Steven J. Goldberg, MAI did not inspect the subject property.
This appraisal was not prepared in conjunction with a request for a specific value or a value within a given range or predicated upon loan approval.
We have the knowledge and experience necessary to perform this appraisal assignment and have extensive experience in the appraisal of similar properties.
As of the date of this appraisal, Steven J. Goldberg, MAI has completed the requirements under the continuing education program of the Appraisal Institute.
The use of this report is subject to the requirements of the Appraisal Institute relating to review its duly authorized representatives.
Steven J. Goldberg, MAI, CCIM is certified to conduct business in the State of Texas as a General Real Estate Appraiser (TX-1320987G) and has been issued a Temporary Practice License by the State of Illinois to appraise the subject property (License No: 572.002881). Robert T. Don is certified to conduct business in the State of Texas as a General Real Estate Appraiser (TX-1322732G) and has been issued a Temporary Practice License by the State of Illinois to appraise the subject property (License No: 572.002871).
COGENT REALTY ADVISORS, LLC | ||||||||
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By: | Steven J. Goldberg, MAI, CCIM | By: | Robert T. Don | |||||
Managing Partner | Senior Appraiser |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page iii |
BASIC ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITING CONDITIONS
This appraisal report is subject to the following assumptions and limiting conditions:
1. | No responsibility is assumed for the legal description or for matters including legal or title considerations. Title to the property is assumed to be good and marketable unless otherwise stated. |
2. | The property is appraised free and clear of any or all liens or encumbrances unless otherwise stated. |
3. | Responsible ownership and competent property management are assumed. |
4. | The information furnished by others is believed to be reliable. However, no warranty is given for its accuracy. |
5. | All engineering is assumed to be correct. The plot plans and illustrative material in this report are included only to assist the reader in visualizing the property. |
6. | It is assumed that there are no hidden or unapparent conditions of the property, subsoil, or structures that render it more or less valuable. No responsibility is assumed for such conditions or for arranging for engineering studies that may be required to discover them. |
7. | It is assumed that there is full compliance with all applicable federal, state, and local environmental regulations and laws unless noncompliance is stated, defined, and considered in the appraisal report. |
8. | It is assumed that all applicable zoning and use regulations and restrictions have been complied with, unless nonconformity has been stated, defined, and considered in the appraisal report. |
9. | It is assumed that all required licenses, certificates of occupancy, consents, or other legislative or administrative authority from any local, state, or national government or private entity or organization have been or can be obtained or renewed for any use on which the value estimate contained in this report is based. |
10. | It is assumed that the utilization of the land and improvements is within the boundaries or property lines of the property described and that there is no encroachment or trespass unless noted in the report. |
11. | The distribution, if any, of the total valuation in this report between land and improvements applies only under the stated program of utilization. The separate allocations for land and buildings must not be used in conjunction with any other appraisal and are invalid if so used. |
12. | Unless otherwise stated, possession of this report, or a copy thereof, does not carry with it the right of publication. |
13. | The appraiser, by reason of this appraisal, is not required to give further consultation, testimony, or be in attendance in court with reference to the property in question unless arrangements have been previously made. |
14. | Unless otherwise stated, neither all nor any part of the contents of this report (especially any conclusions as to value, the identity of the appraiser, or the firm with which the appraiser is connected) shall be disseminated to the public through advertising, public relations, news, sales, or other media without prior written consent and approval of the appraisers. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page iv |
15. | Unless otherwise stated in this report, the existence of hazardous substances, including without limitation asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, petroleum leakage, or agricultural chemicals, which may or may not be present on the property, or other environmental conditions, were not called to the attention of nor did the appraiser become aware of such during the appraiser’s inspection. The appraiser has no knowledge of the existence of such materials on or in the property unless otherwise stated. The appraiser, however, is not qualified to test such substances or conditions. If the presence of such substances, such as asbestos, urea formaldehyde foam insulation, or other hazardous substances or environmental conditions, may affect the value of the property, the value is predicated on the assumption that there is no such condition on or in the property or in such proximity thereto that it would cause a loss in value. No responsibility is assumed for any such conditions, or for any expertise or engineering knowledge required to discover them. The client is urged to retain an expert in this field, if desired. |
16. | The Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) became effective January 26, 1992. The appraiser has not made a specific compliance survey and analysis of this property to determine whether or not it is in conformity with the various detailed requirements of the ADA. It is possible that a compliance survey of the property, together with a detailed analysis of the requirements of the ADA, could reveal that the property is not in compliance with one or more of the requirements of the Act. If so, this fact could have a negative effect upon the value of the property. Since the appraiser has no direct evidence relating to this issue, he did not consider possible non-compliance with the requirements of the ADA in estimating the value of the property. |
17. | Former personal property items such as kitchen and bathroom appliances are now either permanently affixed to the real estate or are implicitly part of the real estate in that tenants expect the use of such items in exchange for rent and never gain any of the rights of ownership. Furthermore, the intention of the owners is not to remove the articles which are required under the implied or express Warranty of Habitability. The accounting for the short-lived nature of such items is reflected in a reserves for replacement expense category. |
EXTRAORDINARY ASSUMPTIONS/SPECIAL CONDITIONS
1. | We have not been provided with a current survey, architectural plans or other specifications for the subject property. Therefore, we have relied upon data obtained from public records, our cursory inspection of the property and client provided rent roll data and floor plans for the purpose of estimating the site and building size and other details pertaining to the existing improvements. |
2. | Our inspection of the property comprised an overview of the exterior common areas as well as the interior of a random sampling of individual units. Our analysis is conditioned upon the assumption that the remaining units are representative of similar condition and layout as the units inspected. |
3. | The scope of our inspection of the subject property is limited to a cursory overview for valuation purposes only. All electrical, plumbing, mechanical and structural systems are assumed to be in proper working order. An inspection by a licensed contractor and/or engineer is recommended for further detailed information regarding the condition of the subject property. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page v |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
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View of typical building
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View of frontage along W. 60th Street
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page vi |
REGIONAL MAP
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NEIGHBORHOOD MAP
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COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 1 |
SUMMARY OF SALIENT FACTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Date of Value | April 21, 2010 | |
Date of Inspection | April 21, 2010 | |
Property Name | Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | |
Property Address | 200 West 60th Street Westmont, Illinois 60532 | |
Property Location | South side of W. 59th street, north side of W. 60th Street, bounded by S. Adams and Williams Streets, approximately 3.8 miles west of I-294 (Tri-State Tollway), in the Village of Westmont, Illinois. The subject neighborhood is a stabilized suburban area located approximately 22 miles west of downtown Chicago, Illinois. | |
Purpose and Use | Estimate the Market Value of the Fee Simple Interest in the subject property as of April 21, 2010, free and clear of financing. The appraisal was prepared for AP XII Associates GP, LLC to provide valuation in conjunction with asset evaluation and financial reporting purposes. | |
Site Size | Rectangular in shape containing 17.13 acres | |
Zoning | “R-5” Multifamily Residential — Village of Westmont. | |
Improvements | A 399-unit garden apartment complex completed in 1970 with 3 residential buildings, a freestanding management office/clubhouse building, outdoor swimming pool, and asphalt-paved surface drives and parking areas. The complex is classified as a Class B apartment community by local market standards. The property is operating at stabilized occupancy and is in generally average condition. | |
Tax Identification | Parcel Number 09-16-400-003 (Downers Grove Township Assessor) | |
2009 Assessed Value | $7,457,790 | |
Highest and Best Use | ||
As If Vacant | Eventual multifamily development. | |
As Improved | Continued use of the existing improvements. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 2 |
VALUATION INDICATIONS | ||
Income Capitalization | $36,000,000 | |
Stabilized NOI | $2,608,054 | |
Cap Rate | 7.25% | |
Value per Unit | $86,717 | |
Value per Sq Ft | $100.29 | |
Sales Comparison | $33,900,000 | |
Value per Unit | $85,000 | |
Value per Sq Ft | $98.26 | |
Cost Approach | N/A | |
APPRAISED VALUE | $36,000,000 |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 3 |
PREMISES OF THE APPRAISAL | ||
Identification | The subject property consists of the land and improvements at 200 West 60th Street within the Village of Westmont, DuPage County, Illinois. The Downers Grove Township Assessor identifies the property by Tax Parcel Identification Numbers 09-16-400-003. The property consists of a 17.13-acre site improved with a 399-unit apartment complex known as Twin Lakes Towers Apartments. | |
Sales History of the Subject Property | According to public records, ownership of the subject property is vested in AP XII Twin Lakes Towers, LLC. The current owner acquired title to the property through a deed transfer recorded March 30, 1984. We are not aware of any arms length transfers of ownership within the three-year period prior to the effective date of value. It is our understanding that the subject property is not being listed for sale and we are not aware of any contracts of sale pending as of the date this report was prepared. | |
Purpose and Scope of the Appraisal | The purpose of the appraisal is to estimate the market value of the subject property as of the date of value. It is the intent of the appraisers that the analysis, opinions and conclusions of this report be considered an unbiased, objective investigation performed by a disinterested third party with complete objectivity as to the outcome of the analysis. | |
According to the Appraisal Institute’s Code of Professional Ethics and Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, the scope of the appraisal is cited as“the extent of the process of collecting, confirming, and reporting data”included in an appraisal report. All appropriate data deemed pertinent to the solution of the appraisal problem has been collected and confirmed. In our appraisal of the subject property, we have: | ||
1. Inspected the subject property and its environs. | ||
2. Reviewed demographic and other socioeconomic trends pertaining to the city and region. | ||
3. Examined regional apartment market conditions, with special emphasis on the subject property’s apartment submarket. | ||
4. Investigated lease and sale transactions involving comparable properties in the influencing market. | ||
5. Reviewed the existing rent roll and discussed the leasing status with the building manager and leasing agent. In addition, we have reviewed the subject property’s recent operating history and those of competing properties. | ||
6. Utilized appropriate appraisal methodology to derive estimates of value. | ||
7. Reconciled the estimates of value into a single value conclusion. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 4 |
Definition of Market Value | Market Value is defined by the Appraisal Institute, The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, Fourth Edition, Chicago, Illinois, Appraisal Institute, 2002, as: | |
The most probable price which a specified interest in real property is likely to bring under all of the following conditions: | ||
1. Consummation of a sale occurs as of a specified date. | ||
2. An open and competitive market exists for the property interest appraised. | ||
3. The buyer and seller are each acting prudently and knowledgably. | ||
4. The price is not affected by undue stimulus. | ||
5. The buyer and seller are typically motivated. | ||
6. Both parties are acting in what they consider their best interest. | ||
7. Marketing efforts were adequate and a reasonable time was allowed for exposure in the open market. | ||
8. Payment was made in cash, in U.S. dollars or in terms of financial arrangements comparable thereto. | ||
9. The price represents the normal consideration for the property sold, unaffected by special or creative financing or sales concessions granted by anyone associated with the sale. | ||
Property Rights Appraised | Fee Simple Estate. A Fee Simple Estate is defined in The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, Fourth Edition, Chicago, Illinois, Appraisal Institute, 2002, as: | |
“Absolute ownership unencumbered by any other interest or estate, subject only to the limitations of the four powers of government (eminent domain, escheat, police power and taxation)”. | ||
Intended Use and Intended User | The intended user of this report is AP XII Associates GP, LLC. It is understood that this appraisal will be utilized by the intended user as an aid in asset evaluation and financial reporting. All others reading or relying on this appraisal report are considered unintended users of this appraisal. The appraisal cannot be used for any other reason than that stated above. Should anyone other than the client read or rely on this report, no fiduciary obligation is owed by the appraisers to that party. The appraisers are not responsible for unauthorized use of this report. | |
This appraisal has been prepared in compliance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) as promulgated by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation as well as the Code of Professional Ethics and Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice of the Appraisal Institute. The presentation of data and results of our analysis are presented in a Self-contained Report format as set forth under Standards Rule 2-2 of the USPAP. | ||
Exposure Period | According to the previously stated definition of Market Value, the property must be allowed a reasonable time to be exposed in the open market to |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 5 |
achieve the appraised value. Exposure is defined by the Appraisal Institute, The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, as: | ||
• The time a property remains on the market. | ||
• The estimated length of time the property interest being appraised would have been offered on the market prior to the hypothetical consummation of a sale at market value on the effective date of the appraisal; a retrospective estimate based upon an analysis of past events assuming a competitive and open market. Exposure time is always presumed to occur prior to the effective date of the appraisal. The overall concept of reasonable exposure encompasses not only adequate, sufficient and reasonable time but also adequate, sufficient and reasonable effort. Exposure time is different for various types of real estate and value ranges and under various market conditions. | ||
Review of transfer records suggests that there is an active investor market for good quality apartment properties; however marketing times have increased over the past year. Conventional sources of capital are limited in the current economic environment. Mortgage underwriting has become more conservative over the past year and a greater level of equity is now required to obtain financing. This factor has caused overall capitalization rates and investment yields to increase over the recent past and has impacted sales activity for most types of commercial real estate. | ||
We believe that if the subject property were exposed to the market for a reasonable period of time prior to the effective date of this appraisal, which we consider to be a period of up to 12 months, the subject property would transfer at an appropriate price, that is to say, the appraised value. Support for this exposure period is provided by theKorpacz Real Estate Investor Survey First Quarter 2010, which indicates that marketing times for apartment properties in the national market range from 1 to 18 months. The average marketing time equates to 8.06 months, up from 6.70 months reported one year ago. This marketing period is supported by data in the local market. | ||
We acknowledge that in appraising the property to sell after the aforementioned exposure period, we must place most emphasis on the buyer’s expectations and yield requirements. The value conclusion rendered for the property through implementation of the Income Capitalization Approach has been accorded most significance as this technique most closely emulates buyer’s expectations and yield requirements. The market value estimate concluded herein assumes an exposure and marketing period of up to 12 months has occurred. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 6 |
REGIONAL AND AREA ANALYSIS | ||
Introduction | The subject is in Village of Westmont, Downers Grove Township, DuPage County, Illinois. DuPage County is just to the west of Cook County, Illinois and is a part of the Chicago-Gary-Kenosha Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). Lisle is a near western suburban community that is approximately 22 miles west of Chicago’s central business district. | |
Population | Chicago-Gary-Kenosha CMSA consists of the following 13 counties: Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, Will, DeKalb, Grundy, Kankakee and Kendall Counties in Illinois; Lake and Porter Counties in Indiana; and Kenosha County in Wisconsin. Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s), sometimes called “major metropolitan areas,” are composed of two or more adjoining metropolitan areas, which have demonstrated some economic linkage. The metropolitan areas, which are joined into a CMSA, are called Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA). The Chicago-Gary-Kenosha CMSA consists of the Chicago, Gary, Kankakee, and Kenosha PMSA’s. The Chicago-Gary-Kenosha CMSA’s population increased from 8,239,820 in 1990 to 9,157,540 in 2000. This represented an 11.1% increase in population over the decade. | |
The Chicago area continues to grow outward along major arterial routes and commuter rail lines. As a suburban community, Westmont is a near western suburb of the Chicago Metropolitan Area. The Chicago Metropolitan Area, the third largest metropolitan area in the United States, consists of more than 4,600 square miles of land and is located at the western foot of Lake Michigan. Six Illinois counties, including Cook, DuPage, McHenry, Will, Lake, and Kane, comprise Chicago’s Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA); the City of Chicago serves as its focal point. These six counties, in conjunction with the City of Chicago, form an interlocking economic structure. | ||
According to a survey of forecasters by the Urban Land Institute, Chicago ranks among the top 10 cities in the nation in terms of growth potential, based on rankings in several categories including real estate, economic growth potential and relocation potential. | ||
The 2000 census count of the population for the City of Chicago proper was 2,896,016, an increase of 4.0% from 1990. The metropolitan Chicago area had a total population estimate of 8,091,720, indicating an 11.4% increase for the same period. Total area population has increased throughout the last census period (1990-2000). | ||
In the 2000 census, the City of Chicago showed its first population increase since 1950 with a 4.0% gain. However, suburban growth throughout this same period has ranged from 15.7% to 41.9% in the five collar counties. While the overall Cook County population increased by 5.3% since the last census count, suburban Cook County population grew |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 7 |
by 6.8%. The shift in population to suburban areas has been a nationwide, rather than a localized trend. | ||
As of 1994, Chicago’s Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area was redefined based on 1990 census commuting data. The previous PMSA included Cook, DuPage, and McHenry Counties. The new PMSA adds DeKalb, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake, and Will Counties to the previous three. The addition recognizes the expanded reach and interconnectivity of Metropolitan Chicago. |
POPULATION TRENDS
1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Chicago MSA | 7,869,542 | 8,065,633 | 9,098,316 | 9,645,078 | ||||||||||||
Cook County | 5,253,655 | 5,105,067 | 5,376,741 | 5,287,037 | ||||||||||||
DeKalb County | 74,624 | 77,932 | 88,969 | 107,333 | ||||||||||||
DuPage County | 658,835 | 781,666 | 904,161 | 932,541 | ||||||||||||
Will County | 324,460 | 357,313 | 502,266 | 685,251 | ||||||||||||
Kane County | 278,405 | 317,471 | 404,119 | 511,892 | ||||||||||||
Lake County | 440,372 | 516,418 | 644,356 | 712,567 | ||||||||||||
McHenry County | 147,897 | 183,241 | 260,077 | 320,961 |
Employment | The economic diversification of Chicago has been a major factor contributing to its growth and stability. As displayed in the following chart, Chicago’s largest companies are not concentrated in any one industry. This characteristic of the local economy helps cushion against dramatic swings in the economic cycle. | |
The primary components of the area economy are the service, trade, government and manufacturing sectors. Manufacturing, with employment of 315,300 in the nine-county PMSA, is a major component of the economic base, with the largest manufacturing sectors being fabricated metals, industrial machinery, electronic equipment, and printing & publishing. The services sector leads the industry employment groups, following long-term national trends. Within the Chicago-Joliet-Naperville MSA, the current unemployment rate is at 11.2%. | ||
Chicago is one of the major financial capitals of the world and its influence continues to grow. Its five stock and commodity exchanges establish the city as an international financial trading center. The exchanges headquartered here include the Midwest Stock Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Chicago Board of Trade, and the Chicago Board of Options Exchange. Chicago leads the world in commodity trading, handling over 90% of the world’s futures contracts. In the past several years, over 52 foreign banks have opened offices in Chicago, an indication of the city’s growing international influence. | ||
All of the nation’s top 10 banks have offices here with metropolitan bank assets increasing over 45% to over $90 billion in just five years. As a manufacturing, banking, and corporate center, the Chicago central business district has over 109 million square feet of office space; the metropolitan area has about 165 million square feet. Of the 500 largest United States corporations listed in Fortune Magazine, 52 are located in |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 8 |
the Chicago area and most others have regional or branch offices located in Chicago. |
AREA EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY SECTOR
Sector | March 2010 | October 2009 | ||||||
Mining and Other | 1,200 | 1,400 | ||||||
Construction | 105,000 | 139,700 | ||||||
Manufacturing | 315,300 | 318,000 | ||||||
Trade, Transportation & Utilities | 712,200 | 720,500 | ||||||
Information | 74,400 | 74,800 | ||||||
Financial Activities | 261,500 | 261,300 | ||||||
Professional and Business | 564,900 | 591,700 | ||||||
Education and Health Services | 540,200 | 541,500 | ||||||
Leisure and Hospitality | 311,300 | 329,700 | ||||||
Other | 164,500 | 168,700 | ||||||
Government | 480,900 | 484,900 | ||||||
Civilian Labor Force | 4,107,000 | 4,050,700 | ||||||
Employment | 3,647,100 | 3,630,000 | ||||||
Unemployment | 459,900 | 420,700 | ||||||
Unemployment Rate | 11.2 | % | 10.4 | % |
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE TRENDS
Chicago MSA | State of Illinois | United States | ||||||||||
YE 2004 | 6.30 | % | 6.10 | % | 5.40 | % | ||||||
YE 2005 | 6.00 | % | 5.30 | % | 4.90 | % | ||||||
YE 2006 | 4.50 | % | 4.50 | % | 4.40 | % | ||||||
YE 2007 | 4.90 | % | 5.50 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||||
YE 2008 | 6.20 | % | 7.60 | % | 7.40 | % | ||||||
YE 2009 | 10.00 | % | 11.00 | % | 10.00 | % |
Convention Centers | Exposition centers, such as the lakefront McCormick Place, the Merchandise Mart, and Rosemont’s O’Hare Exhibition Center, make the City of Chicago a world famous trade show and business convention center. Chicago has often attained national prominence as a host city for the nominating conventions of both national political parties. Its success as a convention center is primarily attributable to such features as its central location, extensive transportation facilities, and numerous lodging accommodations, as well as the exposition facilities themselves. | |
As a result of Chicago’s strategic location, it has become a central point for all forms of transportation. Located at the junction of four interstate highways, it is the nation’s largest trucking center, offering a comprehensive motor carriage system, which attracts more than 30 million tons of freight annually. | ||
Transportation | Chicago is also a hub of the nation’s railway system, transporting approximately 23 million tons of manufactured goods annually along 18 trunk lines, which operate half the nation’s railway mileage. O’Hare International Airport, located in the far northwest portion of the city, is one of the world’s largest and busiest terminals in regard to air freight shipments and passenger arrivals. It provides connections to domestic points and to most major cities of the world. Other area airports include Midway on the southwest side of Chicago, in addition to many small aircraft airports, scattered throughout the metropolitan area. | |
The Port of Chicago serves as a terminal for lake shipping and ocean traffic coming through the St. Lawrence Seaway. It also serves the |
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Illinois River barge traffic from the Inland Waterway System of the Mississippi River. Furthermore, the Chicago area is served by over 630 miles of expressway and by one of the most comprehensive and efficient public transit systems (the Regional Transportation Authority) in the world. | ||
Education/Recreation | The city of Chicago and the suburban areas surrounding it complement each other in offering educational, recreational, and cultural amenities. There are over 50 colleges and universities plus 40 professional and technical schools located throughout the area. Arts, science, and history museums, as well as the theater, opera companies, and symphony orchestras are well represented. The area’s extensive lakefront and system of parks and open spaces (Forest Preserve Districts) provide residents with year round recreational entertainment. | |
Economy | The following economic data was provided byMoody’s Economy.comas of Year End 2009. | |
Job losses accelerated in 2009 as firms trimmed payrolls in anticipation of a sluggish year ahead, pushing Chicago-Naperville-Joliet deeper into recession. Job losses are accelerating in manufacturing and in white-collar service industries such as information and business/professional services. The jobless rate has climbed to 10.5%, making the 4% to 5% rates from earlier this decade a distant memory. | ||
Chicago’s recession will continue a pattern of rising unemployment among secondary, white-collar firms as construction and manufacturing declines abate. While firm-specific figures are difficult to identify due to the small size of the industries’ employers, state-level WARN notices show upcoming layoffs in a number of finance and information firms. Chicago’s metro-wide office vacancy rate is 16.8%, slightly above the national average, but is expected to rise further as office-using jobs are expected to receive the lion’s share of pink slips for the rest of 2010. | ||
Chicago’s housing market will weaken as distressed-home sales flood the market and homeowner equity evaporates. House prices continue to fall, according to the Case-Shiller® monthly house price index. Chicago’s house prices fell 18.6% in May from a year ago and are down 26.8% since the market’s peak in 2007. Sales were up 19.3% in May on a year-ago basis, driven by sales of foreclosed properties at deep discounts. Lower house prices and worsening unemployment rates have been driving worsening consumer credit quality. This is seen in rising delinquency and default rates, both of which are up markedly in Chicago. The housing market will not reach bottom until mid-2010. | ||
Chicago’s financial health will be imperiled by budget woes in the state and city governments. Mayor Daley’s recent strategy of privatizing large city resources for injections of cash has fallen into disarray with the collapse of the $2.52 billion Midway Airport privatization deal. While the deal was a victim of the financial crisis, it also effectively closes the |
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door to future privatization deals in the short term, forcing the city to cut city jobs by 15% and trim expenses elsewhere. | ||
The state government is in worse shape as finances tighten and the political atmosphere remains poisoned after the removal of former Governor Blagojevich in January. Governor Quinn’s effort to close a gaping $7 billion budget deficit by raising the state income tax by 50% while cutting spending is receiving little support despite a state mandate to balance the budget. Any budget cuts or tax hikes will likely stall Chicago’s anticipated recovery. | ||
Chicago’s labor market and production levels will stabilize over the next year despite the dizzying bad news found in recent labor market data releases. The good news comes in jobless claims reports, which suggest that statewide claims are beginning to show small declines in recent weeks, indicating that the pace of job losses is abating. Nevertheless, some employers continue to trim payrolls to match anticipated lower demand for goods in coming quarters, but they expect employment recovery to commence in the second half of 2010. Chicago’s jobless rate will stabilize at 11% over the next year before recovering. Further credit market woes remain the greatest downside forecast risk. | ||
Conclusion | The Chicago economy appears to be near the bottom of its recession, though recovery will be slow and will lack new job creation through 2010. Chicago’s below-average population trends and relative lack of high-technology firms will prevent a more vigorous recovery, and Chicago will remain an average performer over the long-run horizon. |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 11 | |
NEIGHBORHOOD ANALYSIS | ||
TheAppraisal of Real Estatedefines a neighborhood as“a group of complimentary land uses". A neighborhood should be distinguished from a district, which is defined as“a type of neighborhood that is characterized by homogenous land use". A neighborhood will contain land uses complimentary to one another. For example, predominantly residential neighborhoods typically contain some commercial properties that provide services for local residents. The boundaries of a neighborhood can be physical such as a lake, stream or major highway or they may be less easily discernible such as changes in prevailing land use or occupant characteristics. | ||
Location | The subject neighborhood is situated within the eastern sector of DuPage County, approximately 22 miles west of Chicago Central Business District and 15 miles south of Chicago O’Hare International Airport. Located within the Village of Westmont, Downers Grove Township, the location is generally suburban in character. The Village of Westmont is a community of approximately six square miles of land area. It is bounded on the north by the Village of Oak Brook, on the east by the Village of Clarendon Hills, on the south by the City of Darien and on the west by the Village of Downers Grove. It is nearly wholly within the Township of Downers Grove. Wheatland, the county seat of DuPage County, is located approximately 7 miles to the northwest. | |
The subject neighborhood is defined as the area south of Ogden Avenue, east of Main Street, west of I-294 (Tri-State Tollway) and north of 75th Street. The subject property is situated in the central portion of the defined neighborhood. | ||
Land uses | The influencing factor of the area is its proximity to the major employment corridors of metropolitan Chicago. Located 22 miles west of the Chicago CBD, Westmont is a suburban area which is largely residential in nature. The residential base consists mostly of detached single family homes generally built since World War II. Currently, 72.8 percent of the 97,081 housing units in the market area are owner occupied; 21.1 percent, renter occupied; and 6.1 percent are vacant. The median home value in the market area is $294,118, compared to a median home value of $162,279 for the U.S. | |
The Village of Westmont town center is located just north of the subject property near the Chicago METRA Westmont transit station at Cass Avenue and Quincy Street. Shopping is conveniently located throughout the neighborhood with local retail storefronts, strip centers, and grocery store anchored shopping centers. Burlington Avenue and Quincy Street are the primary corridors for retail and commercial services. These east-west roadways traverse the north central portion of the neighborhood. Regional shopping is provided by several malls which are proximate to the Village of Westmont including Oakbrook Center, an upscale regional center located approximately 3 miles southeast of the subject property at the intersection of I-55 and Kingerly Highway and Yorktown Center, and |
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a super-regional mall located 3 miles northwest near the I-88 and I-355 interchange. In addition to a strong residential base with associated levels of commercial development, the area has a high concentration of business, government, education and research facilities. | ||
Initially developed from the in the 1940s through the 1980s, growth of the area continued to expand thru the 1990s. Since 1990 population within a 3-mile radius of the subject property has expanded by more only 5.3% and is projected to be generally level through 2014, attesting to the maturity of the development patterns within the neighborhood. | ||
The following table is a summary of demographic trends and forecast for a 3-mile radius from the subject property. |
DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS — 3 MILE RADIUS
2000 | 2009 | 2014 Projection | ||||||||||
Population | 119,664 | 120,428 | 120,164 | |||||||||
Households | 46,573 | 47,058 | 47,015 | |||||||||
Median Age | 38.4 | 40.7 | 41 | |||||||||
Median Hsld. Income | $ | 65,598 | $ | 81,380 | $ | 86,175 | ||||||
Per Capita Income | $ | 34,279 | $ | 41,253 | $ | 43,220 |
The subject neighborhood is approximately 95% developed with minimal vacant land available for future development. Property in the area generally demonstrates average to good quality construction that appears to have been adequately maintained. | ||
Within a 3-mile radius there are an estimated 5,100 businesses employing 47,942 workers. Currently, 94.5 percent of the civilian labor force in the identified market area is employed and 5.5 percent are unemployed. The occupational distribution of the employed population is estimated at 78.4 percent in white collar jobs, 10.2 percent in service jobs, and 11.4 percent in blue collar employment. | ||
Access | Some of Chicago’s regional transportation routes bound the subject neighborhood including I-88, I-294 and I-55. I-88, also known as Ronald Regan Memorial Tollway, extends westerly thru DuPage County connecting with Cook County to the east and Kane County to the west. At the northwestern sector of the neighborhood, I-88 interchanges with I-355 (North-South Tollway). I-355 traverses the eastern portion of DuPage County connecting with I-55 to the south and I-90 to the north. Regional highway access in the area is considered excellent and one of the primary reasons for the continued desirability of the area. | |
Secondary traffic arteries in the neighborhood include the north/south roadways of Kingerly Highway (SH 83) and Main Street. Each of these highways extends to the I-88 corridor providing excellent north-south connections. Important east-west roadways include Ogden Avenue and 75th Street. Ogden Avenue is an important east-west traffic corridor through Downers Grove Township and is developed with a a heavy concentration of retail, office, and commercial land uses. It interchanges with I-355 to the west and I-294 to the east. Regularly schedule bus |
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service, operated by PACE, the Regional Transportation Authority, occurs along Ogden Avenue. In addition, METRA (Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad) operates commuter service along it’s BNSF rail line with a station stop in Westmont. | ||
As a result of the neighborhood’s proximity to regional transportation routes and primary neighborhood roadways, employment centers, medical facilities and support facilities throughout DuPage County and Chicago area are easily accessible. Access to and within the neighborhood is rated as good. | ||
Conclusion | In summary, the subject neighborhood is an established and desirable area that offers a broad range of services and good access to other parts of the city. Road infrastructure throughout the subject neighborhood is considered good. The neighborhood is adequately serviced by public utilities and community facilities. The neighborhood is designed to serve the needs of local residents and businesses. There appears to be no detrimental influences upon the neighborhood which would inhibit the income-producing capabilities of the subject property. The long-term prospects for the neighborhood and the subject property are positive. |
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SITE ANALYSIS | ||
Location | The block defined by W. 59th Street and W. 60th Street, between S. Adams and S. Williams Street. It is located in the central portion of the Village of Westmont, DuPage County, Illinois. The subject neighborhood is a stabilized suburban area located approximately 22 miles west of downtown Chicago and 15 miles south of the Chicago O’Hare International Airport. The physical address of the property is 200 West 60th Street, Lisle, DuPage County, Illinois. | |
Site Area | Total land area equates to 17.13 acres, or 746,183 square feet. | |
Street Frontage | The subject site is situated along the south side of W. 59th Street and north side of W. 60th Street, fronting both S. Adams Street and S. Williams Street. The physical address of the property is 200 West 60th Street. The subject maintains an adequate amount of road frontage. | |
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Topography | The site is gently sloping. | |
Shape | The parcel is rectangular in shape. The size, shape, and configuration of the subject property provide a functional layout, which is similar to competitors. | |
Excess/Surplus Land | Traffic circulation throughout the property and an adequate number of parking spaces is provided on asphalt paved drives and surface lots. The building setbacks allow for landscaped buffers, similar to surrounding properties. There does not appear to be excess or surplus land. | |
Utilities | All customary municipal services and utility hookups are provided. | |
Soil Information | No adverse conditions were readily apparent. | |
Flood Information | Based on FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map information (Rate Map #17043C0905H, dated December 16, 2004), an undetermined portion of the subject property may be located within a 100-year flood plain hazard area, and special flood hazard insurance may be required. It is suggested that a detailed site survey be conducted to determine the extent (if any) to which the property is affected by flood hazard. | |
Easements and Encroachments | No title report or survey showing the location of easements was provided in connection with this assignment. Thus, it is not possible to make a definitive conclusion regarding any potential impacts on value of the location of any such easements or encroachments. Visual observations of the site revealed no adverse easements or encroachments. It appears as though the site is encumbered by utility and access easements typical of a developed site. It is specifically assumed that any easements, restrictions or encroachments that might appear against the title would have no adverse impact on marketability or value. |
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Environmental | No readily observable adverse environmental site conditions were noted. No environmental reports were provided for review. | |
Accessibility/Visibility | Ingress and egress to the property is provided via multiple access points from the surrounding streets (W. 59th, W. 60th, S. Adams and S. Williams Streets). Accessibility of the site is good. The buildings are at street grade and visible to traffic from public streets. | |
Improvements | There are 3 residential buildings and a freestanding office/clubhouse building, an in-ground swimming pool, and asphalt-paved surface drives and parking areas. A large lake serves as water retention and lake amenity. | |
Conclusions | The site attributes are well suited for the existing development and use. |
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IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS | ||
Year Built/Renovated | The facility was completed in 1970 as a mid-rise apartment complex. Ongoing maintenance has occurred. Between 2007 and 2009 more than $18,900,000 in property capital repairs and renovations were completed on the subject property including exterior and interior refurbishments. | |
Layout & Configuration | The complex consists of 399 apartment units within 3 residential buildings. Each building is six stories with enclosed central hallways and stairwells. Elevators provide access to the individual floors. The buildings are sited along a network of internal drives that integrate with the parking areas. A freestanding leasing/management office is located near the W. 60 Street entry. A large lake is the central feature of the project providing a water view amenity to the development. A clubhouse with fitness and business center is part of the development. | |
Leasable Area/Unit Mix | The following chart summarizes the unit mix and sizes of the various floor plans at the subject property as indicated by a review of client provided rent roll data and floor plans. |
UNIT MIX AND FLOOR AREAS
Unit Type | Floor Plan | Mix | Size (SF) | Total Area | ||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 1A10 | 93 | 800 | 74,400 | ||||||||||||
1BR/1BA (Renovated) | 1A10 | 195 | 800 | 156,000 | ||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA | 2A15 | 52 | 1,025 | 53,300 | ||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA (Renovated) | 2A15 | 56 | 1,025 | 57,400 | ||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 3A20 | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | ||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 3A20 | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | ||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 3B20 | 1 | 1,400 | 1,400 | ||||||||||||
Totals/Average | 399 | 865 | 345,000 |
Source: Client provided rent roll data and floor plans; compiled by CRA |
Floor Plans | As indicated, the property offers a variety of one, two and three-bedroom floor plans, which is typical of the market. Each floor plan provides a living room off a small entry foyer and dining room/area off the kitchen area. | |
EXTERIOR | ||
Structure | The foundations consist of reinforced concrete footings with perimeter foundation. Structural framing is believed to be masonry and poured in place concrete. | |
Floors | The floors are constructed of light-weight concrete. The ceiling height is approximately 8 to 9 feet. | |
Walls | The buildings are clad with brick veneer with wood trim. | |
Windows | Individual unit windows are double-pane glass set in aluminum frames. Entry doors are metal set in wood frames. Sliding glass doors provide access to the porches or balconies. | |
Roof | The buildings have flat roofs with parapet. |
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INTERIOR FINISHES | ||
Walls and Ceilings | Textured and painted drywall. | |
Flooring | Wall-to-wall carpeting throughout except for vinyl tile in the bathrooms, kitchens and entry foyers. | |
Kitchens | Typical appliance package consisting of a frost-free refrigerator/freezer, full-size electric range with oven, microwave and exhaust fan, dishwasher and garbage disposal. Cabinets are stained wood. | |
Bathrooms | Shower/tub, toilet, vanity with sink and mirrored medicine cabinet. Tubs have a ceramic tile wainscoting. | |
Amenities | Coin operated washer and dryers are available in separate laundry areas located within each building. | |
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS | ||
HVAC | Air and heat is provided by individual split systems with exterior condensers. Tenants are responsible for their own utility charges. The system is similar to competing properties. | |
Electric Service | Adequate electric service is provided. Each apartment has a separate panel. | |
Plumbing | Apartment-grade plumbing systems are installed. Each unit is serviced by an electric water heater. Water and sewer charges are billed to tenants separately by the property based on a RUBS billing system. | |
Fire Protection | No sprinklers are at the apartments, typical for this vintage property in the market. | |
Security | The property has on-site management and leasing as well as courtesy patrol services. | |
Elevators | There are two elevator banks serving each of the 3 residential towers. ADA accessibility issues have been addressed. This is similar to competitors. | |
ANCILLARY AREAS Storage Spaces | Additional for-fee storage lockers are available. | |
Loading Facilities | Tenant moving occurs from the parking lot. The internal drive is accessible for moving vans. | |
Landscaping | Landscaping is extensive and consists of mature vegetation. Native trees and shrubs are plentiful throughout the common areas and between buildings. Seasonal color is provided in planting beds at the main entrance point, near the pools and office area. | |
Parking | The internal driveways incorporates the surface parking lots. There are an adequate number of parking spaces provided. The drives and parking lots are asphalt surface. |
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Recreational Amenities | In 2009 a new clubhouse with management/leasing office, fitness and business center, and entertainment area was constructed. The clubhouse has a very attractive outdoor area with grill and lounge facilities. It has a view overlooking the lake. An in-ground swimming pool is located adjacent the clubhouse. Amenities are similar to competitive properties. | |
FF&E | ||
Personal Property | The subject property has office furnishings and equipment for the staff at the management/leasing office, fitness and business center equipment and various chairs and tables for the pool deck. Kitchen appliances are also part of personal property. The FF&E are similar to competitive properties. | |
CONDITION/MAINTENANCE | ||
Exterior | Average condition. Overall maintenance appears adequate. | |
Roof | Average condition. No roof leaks were reported. | |
Interiors | Average condition. Overall maintenance appears adequate. | |
Common Area Amenities | Average condition. Overall maintenance appears adequate. | |
Sidewalks & Paving | Average condition. Overall maintenance appears adequate. | |
Landscaping | Average condition. Overall maintenance appears adequate. | |
Environmental Conditions | No readily observable adverse conditions were noted during the site visit. | |
ELEMENTS OF DEPRECIATION | ||
Based on our field inspection, we note that some elements of depreciation are present at the subject property. | ||
Physical Deterioration | The overall physical condition is average with adequate maintenance levels. Physical deterioration is primarily limited to general aging and normal wear and tear. No material elements of deferred maintenance were noted during the appraiser’s inspection of the property. | |
Between 2007 and 2009 more than $18,900,000 in capital improvements and renovations were completed on the subject property. The redevelopment consisted of improvements to building exteriors, apartment interiors and common areas, plus construction of a new recreational and leasing center facility. Improvements to the site included landscaping, exterior lighting, signage, new parking garages and a swimming pool. Improvements to the building exteriors included masonry upgrades, balcony railing upgrades and new roofs. Improvements to the apartment interiors included upgrades to the kitchens, cabinetry, countertops, flooring, light fixtures, plumbing fixtures, closet doors and other finish type items. Improvements to the common areas included a redesign of the building entries and lobbies, new finishes for corridors and upgrading laundry rooms. Various mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems were also upgraded. An affiliate of the Managing General Partner supervised the redevelopment |
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project. The Partnership funded the redevelopment with advances from AIMCO Properties, L.P., an affiliate of the Managing General Partner, and available cash flow from Partnership operations. While the Partnership has no material commitments for property improvements and replacements, certain routine capital improvements are anticipated during 2010. Such capital improvements will depend on the physical condition of the property as well as anticipated cash flow generated by the property. The renovations resulted in about 63% (253 units) of the apartment unit interiors being completely re-furbished with 37% (146 units) remaining in an un-renovated state. | ||
According to Marshall Valuation Service, buildings similar to the subject property have an economic life of approximately 55 years. The actual average age of the property is estimated at 40 years. As a result of the recent capital improvements, the effective age is estimated to be less than the actual age of the improvements. The effective age is estimated at approximately 30 years. | ||
Capital Improvements | We are not aware of any major capital improvements planned in the near term. | |
Functional Obsolescence | The subject property represents standard design, systems and floor plans consistent with traditional garden style apartment complexes. The property has operated at rental rates and occupancy levels that are consistent with that of other similar properties within the influencing market, attesting to its functional adequacy and market acceptance. Considering these factors, no adjustment for functional obsolescence is required. | |
External Obsolescence | External obsolescence is a loss in value resulting from conditions that are present outside the subject property and is usually incurable. No site-specific external obsolescence was noted. Most, if not all of the adjacent properties and nearby uses benefit the subject property. However, external obsolescence attributable to current market conditions is applicable. | |
Conclusions | The subject improvements have adequate functional utility, conform well to the general character of the neighborhood and are generally similar to competitors. |
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ZONING ANALYSIS | ||
District | The subject site is under Village of Westmont’s zoning jurisdiction and is situated in the “R-5” General Residential District. It is the purpose of the” R-5” District to establish the orderly development of and preservation of a range of low to medium- density residential neighborhoods characterized by a mixture of multi-family building styles | |
Uses | The primary intended use of land in this district is higher intensity residential uses including multifamily development. Other complimentary uses are allowed outright or through a special use permit. | |
Bulk Restrictions | The following are general building restrictions applicable to developments within the “R-5” zoning district. A detailed overview of applicable restrictions is available from the Village of Westmont Community Development Department. |
Maximum Building Height: | 45 feet | |
Maximum FAR: | 1:0.75 | |
Minimum Lot Area/Dwelling Unit: | 4,228 square feet | |
Minimum Open Space: | 250 SF/ DU | |
Parking: | 2.5 spaces per dwelling unit |
Compliance | The existing improvements are built to a density of about 1 unit per 1,890 square feet of lot area, an amount which is less than the required 4,228 square feet per unit, making the subject property non-conforming to the current “R-5” requirements. In addition, the subject’s 6-story height (estimated at 60 feet) exceeds the 45-foot maximum building height of the “R-5” District. | |
Based on the subject’s unit count, a total of 998 spaces are required. Management indicated that the existing amount of parking is sufficient to satisfy tenant’s needs, however they were not able to provide a detailed parking count. In the absence of a detailed parking count, the subject property’s compliance to the parking requirement is not known. | ||
Conclusions | The subject property appears to be a permitted but non-conforming use with respect to density of development and building height restrictions. Should 50% or more of the value of the property suffer damage or destruction it would have to be rebuilt in accordance with current zoning requirements. |
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REAL ESTATE ASSESSMENTS AND TAXES | ||
Assessor’s Identification | The subject property is identified by the Downers Grove Township Assessor as being parcel number: 09-16-400-003. | |
Overview | Real property taxes are based on multiplying the “Assessment”, which is 33.3% of the “Fair Market Value” (FMV) as determined by the Downers Grove Township Assessor, and the Tax Rate, which is determined by DuPage County. Real property taxes include amounts for the city, county and school as well as other municipal and special assessing districts. | |
The tax year is based on a calendar year, payable in arrears. The FMV is supposed to reflect total property value as of January 1 of each year. The Tax Rate is typically determined after the assessments have been finalized prior to billing in April. Payment is due in two installments (1st half in June and 2nd half in September). | ||
The assessor can use all three of the standard appraisal methods to establish an equitable FMV, and the amount is not automatically changed due to a sale. Countywide revaluations are required at least every three years; however, the assessor has the authority to re-evaluate property annually. According to the assessor, a property’s sale price does not directly impact the assessment during the subsequent revaluations but is included in the general market pricing trend. | ||
The subject property is under the taxing jurisdiction of the Village of Westmont, Downers Grove Township, Unit School District 99 and 60, and DuPage County. | ||
Assessments | The subject’s 2009 total assessment is $7,457,790, or $18,691 per unit. | |
Comparable Assessments | Similar properties within the subject property’s immediate vicinity were surveyed to ascertain the reasonableness of the subject property’s current assessment. The subject property’s assessment appears to be reasonable. The properties are included in the subject’s tax group by the assessor due to similarities in taxing district, building age and size. |
TAX COMPARABLES
Property | YOC | Assessed Value | Total Units | Per Unit Assessment | ||||||||||||
Subject Property | 1970 | $ | 7,457,790 | 399 | $ | 18,691 | ||||||||||
Colonial Manor | 1966 | $ | 1,408,600 | 96 | $ | 14,673 | ||||||||||
Country Villas | 1971 | $ | 3,030,820 | 160 | $ | 18,943 | ||||||||||
Eagle Creek | 1976 | $ | 4,592,650 | 346 | $ | 13,274 |
Source: Township Assessor Records, compiled by CRA |
Property Tax Abatement | The subject property does not participate in any property tax abatement programs. | |
Tax Rate | Tax rates have remained relatively stable over the past several years as valuations have increased modestly. The 2009 total tax rate applicable for all taxing authorities with jurisdiction over the subject property equates to $5.2697/$100 of assessed value. |
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Real Estate Tax Expense | The following is a summary of the tax assessment and expenses for the three tax parcel numbers that represent the subject property. |
CONSOLIDATED TAX ESTIMATE — 2010 TAX YEAR
Land Value | $ | 1,462,890 | ||
Improvement Value | $ | 5,994,900 | ||
Total Assessed Value | $ | 7,457,790 | ||
Equalization Rate | 1.00 | |||
Equalized Value | $ | 7,457,790.00 | ||
Net Taxable Value | $ | 7,457,790.00 | ||
Tax Rate/$100 | 0.052697 | |||
Total Tax Due | $ | 393,003 |
The subject’s real estate tax liability is calculated at $393,000 rounded. Future increases in reassessments are expected to reflect annual increases near the anticipated inflation rate during the same period. Tax rates are expected to remain relatively stable. The total amount is anticipated to increase at a rate near the long-term average inflation rate. |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 23 |
APARTMENT MARKET ANALYSIS | ||
Introduction | The following apartment market analysis is designed to provide the reader an understanding of the Chicago area apartment market and the local submarket within which the subject property competes. The most recent source of data available to the appraisers was the “Chicago Metro Area Apartment Market Research Update Report — First Quarter 2010”, prepared by Marcus and Millichap Real Estate Investment Services. | |
Chicago Area Overview | Apartment fundamentals in the city of Chicago will benefit from the in-migration of suburban renters seeking to take advantage of declining rents and elevated incentives. With completions in the city expected to spike this year and the shadow market remaining a threat, owners of existing assets will continue to ramp up concessions. For the first time in over two decades, incentives are higher in the city than in the suburbs. Operators in the Loop submarket, for example, currently offer an average of 44 days of free rent, roughly one week more than any other area. As a result, vacancy in The Loop has improved considerably in the last year, particularly in the Class A sector, where vacancy has decreased 640 basis points. Vacancy will improve further when hiring in traditional white-collar industries resumes. | |
While increased renter demand bodes well for conditions in the city, transaction velocity will remain measured this year as a result of still modest listing activity. Value-add plays will dominate deal flow in the coming months, especially for mixed-use properties in gentrified neighborhoods that will allow for healthy NOI increases once economic conditions firm. While deliveries will be limited in the suburbs, key metrics will remain soft through the first half of 2010 as the local labor market contracts. Renters with stable employment continue to move to the city to capture falling rents, while other tenants are seeking properties with more affordable rents in an attempt to control costs. Vacancy rates in the Southeast Cook County, Southwest Cook County and Joliet submarkets have outperformed other suburban areas in the last year, as these areas have the lowest rents in the metro. In response to this trend, owners in the neighboring submarkets of O’Hare, Glendale Heights/Lombard and Woodridge/Lisle have enacted steep rent cuts to bring in tenants. As a result, vacancy increases in these areas will begin to taper off later this year, potentially attracting investors. Nevertheless, cap rates in these submarkets will remain roughly 25 basis points higher than the suburban average, currently in the mid-8 percent to high-9 percent range. | ||
Economy | Through the loss of roughly 116,000 positions, payrolls in Chicago have thinned by 2.7 percent during the last 12 months. Employment is strengthening however, as approximately 30,000 jobs were generated in the first quarter of 2010. Cuts in the construction and trade, transportation and utilities sectors continue to weigh down the local labor market and hinder apartment demand. Over the past year, an aggregate of nearly 54,000 jobs have been eliminated in these segments, declines of 13.0 percent and 3.3 percent, respectively. |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 24 |
Permit issuance remains minimal as many builders await further signs of an economic recovery. During the last 12 months, single-family permitting has dropped 21 percent to 5,200 units, while multifamily builders have pulled permits for 1,970 units, down 70 percent from one year ago. | ||
For the first time since mid-2007, the metro median home price increased on a year-over-year basis through the first quarter 2010, advancing 2.8 percent to $199,300, driven largely by greater competition for foreclosed homes. The median household income level, meanwhile, has fallen 3.2 percent to $53,100 per year, creating a $7,500 surplus in the income needed to finance a median-priced home. | ||
Led by hiring rebounds in the professional and business services and trade, transportation and utilities segments, the Chicago labor market are projected to gain traction in the second half of 2010, causing payrolls to expand by 1.2 percent with the addition of 49,500 jobs. Last year, roughly 234,400 positions were eliminated. | ||
Construction | Construction activity remains elevated in the City of Chicago. Developers have completed 1,455 units over the last 12 months, expanding inventory by 0.9 percent. In the first quarter 2010, area stock grew by 0.5 percent. Competitive threats from condos employed as rentals will increase in the near term. Nearly 3,650 for-sale units are being built in the city, 58 percent of which are in the Gold Coast submarket, which will present challenges for area Class A owners. Deliveries in the city will jump this year as many projects that broke ground before the downturn come online. Approximately 1,860 units will be delivered, following the addition of 720 units in 2009. | |
Barriers to entry have kept apartment construction in the suburbs modest in recent years. Over the past 12 months, builders have completed 645 units in four developments, all of which began lease-up in the second quarter of 2009. The suburban planning pipeline consists of 5,550 units, roughly 23 percent more than one year ago. Most of these projects are scheduled for the Glenview/ Evanston submarket. Only one development is slated to debut in the suburbs this year. The 84-unit Commons at Town Center is due for delivery in the East Lake County submarket during the second quarter. | ||
Vacancy and Rents | A spike in completions and competition from shadow stock drove up vacancy in the City of Chicago 70 basis points over the past year to 7 percent in the first quarter 2010. Most of the increase occurred in the first three months of 2010, when vacancy jumped 50 basis points. Owners continue to cut rents and expand concessions to counteract rising vacancy. Asking rents fell 2.1 percent year-over-year to $1,148 per month in the first quarter 2010, while effective rents declined 2.9 percent to $1,051 per month. Resumed hiring in the second half of 2010 will support renter demand, as vacancy is forecast to tick up just 30 basis points in 2010 to 6.8 percent. Asking rents will end 2010 at $1,141 per |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 25 |
month, while effective rents will reach $1,035 per month, annual decreases of 2.0 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively. | ||
While vacancy in the suburbs has risen 110 basis points over the last 12 months to 6.9 percent, demand has been fairly stable recently, as the average rate has increased just 20 basis points during the past two quarters. Asking rents ended the first quarter 2010 at $949 per month, an annual contraction of 3.1 percent, while effective rents slid 3.6 percent to $872 per month. Despite meager completions, vacancy will climb 40 basis points to 7.2 percent by year end 2010. Asking rents are anticipated to fall 2.8 percent to $935 per month, while effective rents will drop 3 percent to $860 per month. | ||
Sales Trends | While the number of portfolio assemblage deals has dropped off, a considerable increase in distressed and REO sales caused transaction velocity for City of Chicago properties to accelerate modestly during the most recent 12-month period. The rise in troubled and foreclosed assets, coupled with owners adjusting pricing to match market conditions, has resulted in a 25 percent year-over-year drop in the median price to $59,500 per unit. Cap rates in the City of Chicago vary widely depending on location and product type. Initial yields for traditional apartment complexes average in the low-6 percent to high-7 percent range, while first-year returns for mixed use properties average roughly 75 basis points higher. | |
Activity from value-seeking buyers has increased deal flow in the suburbs over the past year. Transaction velocity will continue to accelerate as suburban owners reduce prices to compensate for softening NOIs. With sales of distressed and REO properties elevated, the median price has fallen 17 percent in the last 12 months to $55,800 per unit; however, pricing in close-in submarkets and areas near transportation hubs has held up relatively well during that span. Deal flow in the Glenview/Evanston submarket has spiked over the past year, while sales activity in Oak Park remains the highest in the suburbs. These trends will continue through 2010 as healthy conditions persist. | ||
Capital Markets | The yield on the 10-year U.S. Treasury crept higher near the end of the first quarter 2010, reaching almost 3.9 percent, the bond’s highest yield since June 2009. Bond yields have been rising in response to record auction volume and increasing investor concern surrounding outstanding U.S. debt. Despite some recent upward pressure on the 10-year bond yield, the Federal Reserve’s $1.25 trillion program to purchase mortgage-backed securities has kept overall rates low. The program formally ended on March 31, 2010 which may lead to higher mortgage rates in the coming quarters. | |
Multifamily loan originations ticked higher in the fourth quarter 2009 but remained below year-earlier levels. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which proved to be consistent sources of multifamily financing throughout the recession, slowed originations moderately at the end of last year. On average, LTVs are at 65 percent to 75 percent, while DSCRs are 1.20x |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 26 |
to 1.30x. All-in rates for 10-year loans are in the mid-6 percent range, led by agency rates, which are averaging below 6 percent. Gentle upward pressure on rates will likely persist going forward. | ||
The following table presents the year-over-year vacancy and rental rate data for the Chicago area submarkets. The subject property is located within the Downers Grove submarket. The data indicates that as of the 1st quarter 2010 the submarket exhibited an average apartment vacancy of 8.7% which is an increase of 220 basis points over the prior year vacancy. During the same time frame, rental rates increased slightly (0.2%) to a current average effective rental rate of $872 per unit per month. With respect to the operating performance of other suburban submarkets, the subject’s Downers Grove location appears to be performing at the high-end of the range with respect to vacancy and aligned with the low end with respect to effective rental rate. |
APARTMENT MARKET OVERVIEW BY SUBMARKET
1st Qtr. 2010 | Prior Year | 1st Qtr. 2010 | Change From | |||||||||||||
Submarket | Vacancy | Vacancy | Eff. Rent/Unit | Prior Year | ||||||||||||
Lincoln Park | 4.5 | % | 2.7 | % | $ | 1,091 | -5.5 | % | ||||||||
Belmont to Montrose | 4.8 | % | 4.1 | % | $ | 1,109 | 0.3 | % | ||||||||
Rogers Park/Uptown | 5.6 | % | 4.4 | % | $ | 759 | -2.2 | % | ||||||||
South Shore | 6.7 | % | 5.7 | % | $ | 834 | -2.0 | % | ||||||||
Gold Coast | 7.1 | % | 5.9 | % | $ | 1,484 | -3.7 | % | ||||||||
City West | 11.0 | % | 10.4 | % | $ | 906 | -3.3 | % | ||||||||
The Loop | 11.0 | % | 14.8 | % | $ | 1,480 | -4.0 | % | ||||||||
O’Hare | 4.9 | % | 4.1 | % | $ | 796 | -4.5 | % | ||||||||
SW Cook County | 5.7 | % | 5.6 | % | $ | 736 | -5.3 | % | ||||||||
SE Cook County | 5.9 | % | 5.7 | % | $ | 730 | -3.1 | % | ||||||||
Wheeling | 6.0 | % | 5.2 | % | $ | 941 | -3.2 | % | ||||||||
Glendale Heights/Lombard | 6.2 | % | 5.8 | % | $ | 977 | -2.7 | % | ||||||||
Glenview/Evanston | 6.3 | % | 3.9 | % | $ | 958 | -2.9 | % | ||||||||
Woodridge/Lisle | 6.4 | % | 5.2 | % | $ | 867 | -5.2 | % | ||||||||
Joliet | 6.6 | % | 6.6 | % | $ | 723 | -3.5 | % | ||||||||
Aurora/Naperville | 6.8 | % | 5.9 | % | $ | 928 | -4.7 | % | ||||||||
East Lake County | 7.0 | % | 6.5 | % | $ | 884 | -3.4 | % | ||||||||
Schaumbaug/Hoffman | 7.2 | % | 6.3 | % | $ | 886 | -6.3 | % | ||||||||
McHenry County | 7.8 | % | 7.3 | % | $ | 862 | -1.7 | % | ||||||||
Kane County | 7.9 | % | 6.8 | % | $ | 918 | -2.4 | % | ||||||||
Glen Ellyn/Wheaton | 8.1 | % | 7.6 | % | $ | 851 | -5.8 | % | ||||||||
West Lake County | 8.1 | % | 7.5 | % | $ | 840 | -0.2 | % | ||||||||
Oak Park | 8.6 | % | 4.6 | % | $ | 851 | -2.1 | % | ||||||||
Palatine | 8.6 | % | 7.4 | % | $ | 1,026 | -3.7 | % | ||||||||
Downers Grove | 8.7 | % | 6.5 | % | $ | 872 | 0.2 | % |
Conclusion | The Chicago apartment market is realizing a great deal of new construction in the face of decreased demand resulting from weakness in the local economy. Most of the new units in the delivery pipeline were planned and started prior to the recession that has taken a grip on the economy. As a result of the high level of new construction and anticipation of only moderate improvement in economic conditions over the forthcoming 12-month period, forecasted absorption is not projected to be sufficient to bolster overall occupancy levels to any great degree. This will likely result in the continuation of rent concessions and minimal prospects for rent growth over the near term. | |
The subject’s Downers Grove submarket operates at an occupancy and rent that is under-performing relative to the surrounding suburban |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 27 |
markets; but is one of the few submarket which have experienced no decline in rental rates. The Downers Grove submarket offers good access to major job centers in both the City of Chicago as well as western suburbs, and remains a desirable residential area within the region. As little to no new competitive units are planned for the subject submarket, demand is anticipated to be tied to overall economic conditions and only moderate improvement in overall occupancy is anticipated during 2010. Market conditions in the subject’s submarket are not anticipated to show noteworthy improvement until regional job growth resumes and overall economic conditions show marked improvement. Although the short term prospects for the apartment are soft, long term fundamentals are anticipated to remain stable. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 28 |
MARKET RENT ANALYSIS | ||
Subject Property Leasing | A April 2010 Rent Roll was provided for the subject. The asking rents are summarized in the following table. It should be noted that these rents are the average asking rents only and not the rents currently being paid. |
SUBJECT CURRENT ASKING RENT SUMMARY
Type | Floor Plan | Mix | Size (SF) | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | |||||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 1A10 | 93 | 800 | 74,400 | $ | 879 | $ | 1.099 | $ | 81,747.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA (Renovated) | 1A10 | 195 | 800 | 156,000 | $ | 949 | $ | 1.186 | $ | 185,055.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA | 2A15 | 52 | 1,025 | 53,300 | $ | 1,110 | $ | 1.083 | $ | 57,720.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA (Renovated) | 2A15 | 56 | 1,025 | 57,400 | $ | 1,259 | $ | 1.228 | $ | 70,504.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 3A20 | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.039 | $ | 1,299.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 3A20 | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,449 | $ | 1.159 | $ | 1,449.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 3B20 | 1 | 1,400 | 1,400 | $ | 1,399 | $ | 0.999 | $ | 1,399.000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Totals/Average | 399 | 865 | 345,000 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 1.157 | $ | 399,173.000 |
Competitive Set | In order to determine the market rent for the subject’s apartment units, a survey of comparable apartment complexes considered most similar to the subject was conducted. The subject competes with a number of properties in the area. Due to the large size of the submarket, we included a representative sample of the competitive properties. All of the properties are in close proximity of the subject and define the range of property, unit types and rental rates available in the market. The information regarding the rent comparables was obtained through physical inspections and interviews of rental agents and property managers. The following map illustrates the location of the comparable properties in relation to the subject. Data sheets summarizing details of the subject and comparable properties follow the map. |
COMPARABLE RENTAL MAP
![(COMPARABLE RENTAL MAP)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356463.gif)
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 29 |
SUBJECT PROPERTY | Twin Lakes Towers 200 West 60th Street Westmont, Illinois |
![(GRAPHICS)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356464.gif)
Units | 399 | |||
Year Built | 1970/renovated 2007-2009 | |||
Occupancy | 95% | |||
Amenities | Electric kitchen appliances including microwave oven, large closets, mini-blinds, patio/balcony, and ceiling fan. Complex amenities include in-ground swimming pool, clubhouse, fitness and business center, entertainment/game room, barbeque grill area, lake view amenity, laundry facilities and on site management/leasing. | |||
Concessions | Reduced rents on individual floor plans when determined appropriate by management. |
RENTAL DATA
Type | Mix | Size (SF) | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 93 | 800 | 74,400 | $ | 879 | $ | 1.099 | $ | 81,747 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA (Renovated) | 195 | 800 | 156,000 | $ | 949 | $ | 1.186 | $ | 185,055 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA | 52 | 1,025 | 53,300 | $ | 1,110 | $ | 1.083 | $ | 57,720 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA (Renovated) | 56 | 1,025 | 57,400 | $ | 1,259 | $ | 1.228 | $ | 70,504 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.039 | $ | 1,299 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,449 | $ | 1.159 | $ | 1,449 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 1 | 1,400 | 1,400 | $ | 1,399 | $ | 0.999 | $ | 1,399 | |||||||||||||||
Totals/Average | 399 | 865 | 345,000 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 1.157 | $ | 399,173 |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 30 |
COMPARABLE RENTAL 1 | Eagle Creek Apartments 1128 S. Williams Street Westmont, Illinois |
![(GRAPHICS)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356465.gif)
Units | 346 | |||
Year Built | 1976-1978 | |||
Occupancy | 91% | |||
Amenities | Electric kitchen appliances including microwave oven, large closets, patio/balcony, ceiling fans, and mini-blinds. Complex amenities include clubhouse, outdoor pool, surface parking. | |||
Concessions | Prices change often and rents for individual floor plans are reduced as needed to help bolster occupancy. |
RENTAL DATA
Type | Mix | Size | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 15 | 650 | 9,750 | $ | 740 | $ | 1.14 | $ | 11,100 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 15 | 683 | 10,245 | $ | 740 | $ | 1.08 | $ | 11,100 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 21 | 700 | 14,700 | $ | 755 | $ | 1.08 | $ | 15,855 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 25 | 700 | 17,500 | $ | 775 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 19,375 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 25 | 700 | 17,500 | $ | 810 | $ | 1.16 | $ | 20,250 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 25 | 730 | 18,250 | $ | 785 | $ | 1.08 | $ | 19,625 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 20 | 740 | 14,800 | $ | 775 | $ | 1.05 | $ | 15,500 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 20 | 750 | 15,000 | $ | 775 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 15,500 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 40 | 775 | 31,000 | $ | 815 | $ | 1.05 | $ | 32,600 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 55 | 850 | 46,750 | $ | 865 | $ | 1.02 | $ | 47,575 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 45 | 875 | 39,375 | $ | 875 | $ | 1.00 | $ | 39,375 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 40 | 950 | 38,000 | $ | 915 | $ | 0.96 | $ | 36,600 | |||||||||||||||
Total/Avg. | 346 | 789 | 272,870 | $ | 822 | $ | 1.04 | $ | 284,455 |
Comments | Property is located 0.3 miles south of the subject property. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 31 |
COMPARABLE RENTAL 2 | Emerald Courts 2427 Emerald Court Woodridge, Illinois |
![(GRAPHICS)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356466.gif)
Units | 376 | |||
Year Built | 1975/2007 | |||
Occupancy | 94% | |||
Amenities | Electric kitchen appliances including microwave oven, walk-in closets, patio/balcony, ceiling fans, fireplaces (select units) and mini-blinds. Complex amenities include clubhouse, tennis courts, fitness center, business center, playground, outdoor pool and internet access. | |||
Concessions | Rents for individual floor plans are reduced as needed to help bolster occupancy. No application fees. Property includes gas heat and other utilities. The following quoted rents were adjusted to reflect utility costs. |
RENTAL DATA
Type | Mix | Size | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 30 | 750 | 22,500 | $ | 739 | $ | 0.99 | $ | 22,163 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 30 | 750 | 22,500 | $ | 814 | $ | 1.09 | $ | 24,413 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 33 | 830 | 27,390 | $ | 848 | $ | 1.02 | $ | 27,976 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 33 | 830 | 27,390 | $ | 868 | $ | 1.05 | $ | 28,636 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 30 | 825 | 24,750 | $ | 773 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 23,194 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 30 | 825 | 24,750 | $ | 906 | $ | 1.10 | $ | 27,184 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 30 | 975 | 29,250 | $ | 872 | $ | 0.89 | $ | 26,156 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 30 | 975 | 29,250 | $ | 1,017 | $ | 1.04 | $ | 30,506 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 30 | 1000 | 30,000 | $ | 920 | $ | 0.92 | $ | 27,600 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 30 | 1000 | 30,000 | $ | 995 | $ | 1.00 | $ | 29,850 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 35 | 1050 | 36,750 | $ | 1,046 | $ | 1.00 | $ | 36,619 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 35 | 1050 | 36,750 | $ | 1,211 | $ | 1.15 | $ | 42,394 | |||||||||||||||
Total/Avg. | 376 | 908 | 341,280 | $ | 922 | $ | 1.02 | $ | 346,689 |
Comments | Property is located approximately 4.2 miles southwest of the subject property. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 32 |
COMPARABLE RENTAL 3 | Green Trails 2800 Windsor Drive Lisle, Illinois |
![(GRAPHICS)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356467.gif)
Units | 440 | |||
Year Built | 1987 | |||
Occupancy | 95% | |||
Amenities | Washer/dryer appliance in unit, electric kitchen appliances including microwave oven, patio/balcony, fireplaces, ceiling fans, and mini-blinds. Complex amenities include clubhouse, business and fitness center, sports court, tennis courts, outdoor pool, garage and covered parking. | |||
Concessions | Rents for individual floor plans are reduced as needed to help bolster occupancy. |
RENTAL DATA
Type | Mix | Size | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
Studio | 35 | 525 | 18,375 | $ | 749 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 26,215 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 80 | 525 | 42,000 | $ | 830 | $ | 1.58 | $ | 66,400 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 80 | 714 | 57,120 | $ | 999 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 79,920 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 75 | 925 | 69,375 | $ | 1,155 | $ | 1.25 | $ | 86,625 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/2BA | 75 | 1034 | 77,550 | $ | 1,189 | $ | 1.15 | $ | 89,175 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/2BA | 55 | 1079 | 59,345 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.20 | $ | 71,445 | |||||||||||||||
Total/Avg. | 400 | 809 | 323,765 | $ | 1,049 | $ | 1.30 | $ | 419,780 |
Comments | Property is located 4.5miles west of the subject property. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 33 |
COMPARABLE RENTAL 4 | Villages on Maple 1769 Robin Lane Westmont, Illinois |
![(GRAPHICS)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356468.gif)
Units | 300 | |
Year Built | 1972/renovated in 2002 | |
Occupancy | 94% | |
Amenities | Washer/dryer appliances in unit, electric/gas kitchen appliances, patio/balcony, and mini-blinds. Complex amenities include clubhouse, business and fitness center, outdoor pool, playground, and clothes care centers. | |
Concessions | Rents for individual floor plans are reduced as needed to help bolster occupancy. |
RENTAL DATA
Type | Mix | Size | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 60 | 690 | 41,400 | $ | 763 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 45,780 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 90 | 909 | 81,810 | $ | 863 | $ | 0.95 | $ | 77,670 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1BA | 90 | 951 | 85,590 | $ | 1,013 | $ | 1.07 | $ | 91,170 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 60 | 1217 | 73,020 | $ | 1,250 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 75,000 | |||||||||||||||
Total/Avg. | 300 | 939 | 281,820 | $ | 965 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 289,620 |
Comments | Property is located 4.5 miles west of the subject property. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 34 |
ANALYSIS | The comparable rental properties are all in the influencing market area of the subject property and were built between 1972 and 1987, similar to the subject’s effective age post renovation and 1970 original date of construction. The comparables have unit and complex amenities similar to the subject. The rental rates illustrated by the comparable properties provide a good indication as to the appropriate market rent of the subject property. | |
One Bedroom Units | The subject property offers two (2) one-bedroom floor plans (renovated and un-renovated) that measure 800 square feet. The rental rates for the subject units under analysis range from $879 to $949 per month, or $1.10 to $1.19 per square foot. The following chart outlines rental rates for similar sized one bedroom floor plans within the competing apartment properties. |
ONE-BEDROOM FLOOR PLANS
Unit Size (SF) | Rent/Month | Rent/SF | Comment | |||||||||||||
Subject | 800 | $ | 879 | $ | 1.10 | Subject | ||||||||||
Subject — Renovated | 800 | $ | 949 | $ | 1.19 | Subject | ||||||||||
Eagle Creek | 775 | $ | 815 | $ | 1.05 | Inferior | ||||||||||
Emerald Court | 830 | $ | 848 | $ | 1.02 | Similar | ||||||||||
830 | $ | 868 | $ | 1.05 | Similar | |||||||||||
Green Trails | 714 | $ | 999 | $ | 1.40 | Similar | ||||||||||
Villages on Maple | 690 | $ | 763 | $ | 1.11 | Similar | ||||||||||
Subject Range | 800 | $ | 879 - $949 | $ | 1.10 - $1.19 | |||||||||||
Comparable Range | 690 - 830 | $ | 763 - $999 | $ | 1.02 - $1.40 |
The rents for comparable one bedroom floor plans range from $763 to $999 per unit and $1.02 to $1.40 per square foot. The one-bedroom units at Green Trails and Villages on Maple comparable properties are the smallest in size and appropriately represent the upper-end of the rental rate range on a per square foot basis. The Engle Creek apartments are generally inferior to the subject in terms of physical characteristics and amenities and represent the lower-end of the range. The subject’s rent structure is bracketed by the rents exhibited by competing properties in the influencing market area, and appropriately aligned within the range indicated by the most similar rent comparables (Emerald Court, Green Trail and Village on Maple). After considering variances for unit size and amenities offered, the subject’s quoted rent structure is well within the comparable range. The subject’s quoted rent structure appears well supported. | ||
Two-Bedroom Units | The subject property offers two (2) two bedroom floor plans (renovated and un-renovated). The subject’s two-bedroom units under analysis measure 1,025 square feet with rents ranging from $1,110 to $1,259 per month, or $1.08 to $1.23 per square foot The comparable two-bedroom units range in size from 850 to 1,079 square feet and have monthly asking rents ranging from $863 to $1,299 or $0.90 to $1.25 per square foot. |
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Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 35 |
TWO-BEDROOM FLOOR PLANS
Unit Size (SF) | Rent/Month | Rent/SF | Comment | |||||||||||||
Subject | 1025 | $ | 1,110 | $ | 1.08 | Subject | ||||||||||
Subject — Renovated | 1025 | $ | 1,259 | $ | 1.23 | Subject | ||||||||||
Eagle Creek | 850 | $ | 865 | $ | 1.02 | Inferior | ||||||||||
875 | $ | 875 | $ | 1.00 | Inferior | |||||||||||
950 | $ | 915 | $ | 0.96 | Inferior | |||||||||||
Emerald Court | 975 | $ | 875 | $ | 0.90 | Similar | ||||||||||
975 | $ | 1,017 | $ | 1.04 | Similar | |||||||||||
1,000 | $ | 920 | $ | 0.92 | Similar | |||||||||||
1,000 | $ | 995 | $ | 1.00 | Similar | |||||||||||
Green Trails | 925 | $ | 1,155 | $ | 1.25 | Similar | ||||||||||
1,034 | $ | 1,189 | $ | 1.15 | Similar | |||||||||||
1,079 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.20 | Similar | |||||||||||
Villages on Maple | 909 | $ | 863 | $ | 0.95 | Similar | ||||||||||
951 | $ | 1,013 | $ | 1.07 | Similar | |||||||||||
Subject Range | 1025 | $ | 1,110 - $1,259 | $ | 1.08 - $1.23 | |||||||||||
Comparable Range | 850 - 1,079 | $ | 863 - $1,299 | $ | 0.90 - $1.25 |
After considering variances for unit size and amenity package, the subject’s quoted rent structure is appropriately aligned within the comparable range. The subject’s rent structure for the two-bedroom floor plans is well supported. | ||
Three-Bedroom Units | The subject property offers two (2) three bedroom floor plans. The subject’s three-bedroom units under analysis measure 1,250 and 1,400 square feet with rents from $1,299 to $1,499 per month, or $1.00 to $1.16 per square foot. The comparable three-bedroom units range in size from 1,050 to 1,217 square feet and have monthly asking rents ranging from $1,046 to $1,250 or $1.00 to $1.15 per square foot. |
THREE-BEDROOM FLOOR PLANS
Unit Size (SF) | Rent/Month | Rent/SF | Comment | |||||||||||||
Subject | 1,250 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.04 | Subject | ||||||||||
Subject — Renovated | 1,250 | $ | 1,449 | $ | 1.16 | Subject | ||||||||||
Subject — Renovated | 1,400 | $ | 1,399 | $ | 1.00 | Subject | ||||||||||
Emerald Court | 1,050 | $ | 1,046 | $ | 1.00 | Similar | ||||||||||
1,050 | $ | 1,211 | $ | 1.15 | Similar | |||||||||||
Villages on Maple | 1,217 | $ | 1,250 | $ | 1.03 | Similar | ||||||||||
Subject Range | 1,250 - 1,400 | $ | 1,299 - $1,499 | $ | 1.00 - $1.16 | |||||||||||
Comparable Range | 1,050 - 1,217 | $ | 1,046 - $1,250 | $ | 1.00 - $1.15 |
After considering variances for unit size and amenity package, the subject’s quoted rent structure is appropriately aligned within the comparable range. The subject’s rent structure for the three-bedroom floor plans is well supported. | ||
Conclusions | The subject is expected to continue to capture its fair share of the market at the indicated economic rates. The subject’s potential gross market rent is summarized in the following chart. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 36 |
SUMMARY OF ECONOMIC RENT POTENTIAL
Type | Mix | Size | Total Area | Rent | Rent/SF | Total Rent | ||||||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA | 93 | 800 | 74,400 | $ | 879 | $ | 1.099 | $ | 81,747 | |||||||||||||||
1BR/1BA (Renovated) | 195 | 800 | 156,000 | $ | 949 | $ | 1.186 | $ | 185,055 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA | 52 | 1,025 | 53,300 | $ | 1,110 | $ | 1.083 | $ | 57,720 | |||||||||||||||
2BR/1.5BA (Renovated) | 56 | 1,025 | 57,400 | $ | 1,259 | $ | 1.228 | $ | 70,504 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 1.039 | $ | 1,299 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 1 | 1,250 | 1,250 | $ | 1,449 | $ | 1.159 | $ | 1,449 | |||||||||||||||
3BR/2BA (Renovated) | 1 | 1,400 | 1,400 | $ | 1,399 | $ | 0.999 | $ | 1,399 | |||||||||||||||
Totals/Average | 399 | 865 | 345,000 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 1.157 | $ | 399,173 |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 37 |
HIGHEST AND BEST USE
Definition | Highest and Best Use in appraisal theory is defined by the Appraisal Institute,The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, 4th Edition, Appraisal Institute, Chicago, Illinois, 2002 as“the reasonably probable and legal use of vacant land or an improved property, which is physically possible, appropriately supported, financially feasible, and that results in the highest value. The four criteria the highest and best use must meet are legal permissibility, physical possibility, financial feasibility, and maximum profitability.” | |
There are typically two highest and best use scenarios: The highest and best use of the property as improved and the highest and best use of the site as if vacant. In each case, the use must pass four “tests”; it must be physically possible, legally permissible, financially feasible, and maximally productive. | ||
HIGHEST AND BEST USE AS VACANT | ||
Definition | Highest and Best Use As Vacant is defined as“among all reasonable, alternative uses, the use that yields the highest present land value, after payments are made for labor, capital, and coordination. The use of a property based on the assumption that the parcel of land is vacant or can be made vacant by demolishing any improvements.” | |
Physically Possible | The subject site’s size and shape would allow for most uses. Surrounding land uses include retail to the south, single family residential to the north and east, and vacant under-utilized land to the west. Multifamily development would be a complementary land use. | |
Legally Permissible | The subject site is zoned for medium density multifamily uses. The legally permissible and intended use is homogeneous with surrounding development. | |
Financially Feasible | Apartment properties have realized decreasing occupancy and rent levels as a result of weakness in the regional and national economies. The existing supply of apartment units in the area appears to be sufficient to satisfy the existing level of demand. Given current market conditions, the financial feasibility for large-scale residential development is questionable at this time. Even if financial feasibility were pronounced, it would be difficult to obtain construction financing and capital in the currently constrained credit market. | |
Maximally Productive | Given the above discussion, a holding period of the site as vacant is indicated until market conditions improve to the point financial feasibility is evident. The maximally productive use of the site is future development of a multifamily use to its maximum allowed density. | |
Conclusion | Based upon the preceding analysis, it is our opinion that the Highest and Best Use of the site, as vacant, is for residential development consistent |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 38 |
with surrounding land uses when economic conditions improve to a level that permits development. | ||
HIGHEST AND BEST USE AS IMPROVED | ||
Definition | Highest and Best Use As Improved is defined as“the use that should be made of a property as it exists. An existing property should be renovated or retained as is so long as it continues to contribute to the total market value of the property, or until the return from a new improvement would more than offset the cost of demolishing the existing building and constructing a new one”. | |
Physically Possible | The subject is improved with a mid-rise apartment complex. The complex was built in 1970 and was 95% occupied on the date of inspection. The improvements are functional, and have been adequately maintained with no substantial repairs or renovations needed. | |
Legally Permissible | The subject property is an allowed use of the site; however, the current density and building height is in excess of that permitted under the subject’s “R-5” multi-family zoning. | |
Financially Feasible | The complex is achieving its fair share of the market and is capable of maintaining market rents and market occupancy in its current condition. Accordingly, the subject property’s improvements contribute a positive return to value. | |
Maximally Productive | The property’s improvements generate a return to the real estate in excess of that generated by the underlying land, and there does not appear to be a need for remodeling or repositioning. | |
Conclusion | Based upon the preceding analysis, it is our opinion that the highest and best use of the site as improved is for the continued residential use. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 39 | |
VALUATION PROCESS | ||
Introduction | There are three traditional approaches that can be employed in establishing the market value of the subject property. In practice, an approach to value is included or omitted based on the property type and the quality and quantity of information available in the marketplace. These approaches and their applicability to the valuation of the subject are summarized as follows. | |
COST APPROACH | The application of the cost approach is based on the principle of substitution. This principle may be stated as follows: no one is justified in paying more for a property than the cost to develop a substitute property of equivalent desirability and utility. In the case of a new building, no deficiencies in the building should exist. The Cost Approach is typically only a reliable indicator of value for (a) new properties; (b) special use properties; and (c) where the cost of reproducing the improvements is easily and accurately quantified and there is no external obsolescence. In all instances, the issue of an appropriate entrepreneurial profit - the reward for undertaking the risk of construction — remains a highly subjective factor. | |
In the case of income-producing real estate with some items of depreciation, the cost of construction plays a minor and relatively insignificant role in determining market value. Investors are generally not buying, selling, or lending with reliance placed on the methodology of the Cost Approach to establish value. The Cost Approach has not been processed for purposes of this valuation assignment. | ||
INCOME APPROACH | The Income Capitalization Approach is based on the premise that value is derived by converting anticipated benefits into property value. Anticipated benefits include the present value of the net income and the present value of the net proceeds resulting from the re-sale of the property. | |
There are two methods of accomplishing this: (1) direct capitalization of a single year’s income by an overall capitalization rate and; (2) the discounted cash flow in which the annual cash flows and reversionary value are discounted to a present value for the remainder of the property’s productive life or over a reasonable holding (ownership) period. | ||
The subject property has an adequate operations history to determine the income-producing capabilities over the near future. In addition, performance levels of competitive properties serve as an adequate check as to the reasonableness of the subject property’s actual performance. As such, the Income Capitalization Approach is utilized in this appraisal. | ||
SALES COMPARISON | The Sales Comparison Approach is an estimate of value based upon a process of comparing recent sales of similar properties in the surrounding or competing areas to the subject property. Inherent in and central to this approach is the principle of substitution. This comparative process involves judgment as to the similarity of the subject property and the comparable sales with respect to many value factors such as location, contract rent levels, quality of construction, reputation and prestige, age and condition, and the interest transferred, among others. The value estimated through this |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 40 | |
approach represents the probable price at which the subject property would be sold by a willing seller to a willing and knowledgeable buyer as of the date of value. | ||
The reliability of this technique is dependent upon the availability of comparable sales data, the verification of the sales data, the degree of comparability and extent of adjustment necessary for differences, and the absence of atypical conditions affecting the individual sales prices. Although the volume of sales activity is down as a result of market conditions, our research revealed adequate sales activity to form a reasonable estimation of the subject property’s market value via the Sales Comparison Approach. | ||
RECONCILIATION | The final step in the appraisal process is to reconcile the various value indications into a single final estimate. Each approach is reviewed in order to determine its appropriateness relative to the subject property. The accuracy of the data available and the quantity of evidence are weighted in each approach. The resulting estimate represents the subject property’s market value as defined in the appraisal. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 41 | |
INCOME CAPITALIZATION APPROACH | ||
VALUATION | We have used the Direct Capitalization method to estimate a value for the subject property. The following income and expense discussion will explain our input for the analysis. | |
Direct Capitalization is defined as “a method used to convert an estimate of a single year’s income expectancy into an indication of value in one direct step, either by dividing the income estimate by an appropriate rate or by multiplying the income estimate by an appropriate factor. It further states that: only the first year’s income is considered. Yield and value change are implied, but not identified. The rate at which a stabilized net operating income is converted into value is known as an overall capitalization rate (OAR).” The major tasks involved in this approach to valuing the subject property are: |
1. | Calculate potential gross income from all sources that a competent owner could legally generate. | |
2. | Estimate and deduct an appropriate vacancy and collection loss factor to arrive at effective gross income. | |
3. | Estimate and deduct operating expenses that would be expected during a stabilized year to arrive at a probable net operating income. | |
4. | Develop an appropriate overall capitalization rate to apply to the net operating income. | |
5. | Value is estimated by dividing the net operating income by the overall capitalization rate. Any adjustments to account for differences between the current conditions and stabilized conditions are also considered. |
REVENUE ANALYSIS | ||
Potential Gross Income | The potential gross income from the apartment unit rent has been calculated to be $399,173 per month or $4,790,076 for the appraised year based on the conclusion derived in the Market Rent Analysis section. | |
Loss to Lease | Loss to lease considers a loss in income due to leases in effect, whereby effective rental rates are lower than asking, or market, rental rates. In the case of the subject property, the loss to lease also accounts partially for concessions that are offered in the form of reduced rent. | |
The operating statements under review indicate that in 2008 the loss to lease factor was 9.9% of gross rent potential. In subsequent years (2009 and 2010 budget) there was no loss to lease reported. Review of the March 2010 rent roll indicates that current rents in place are approximately 3.3% below the market rent estimated above. | ||
As market fundamentals begin improve, concessions will begin to abate and effective rent levels will escalate to be more in line with asking rents. The loss to lease allowance is processed at 2.0% in the valuation pro forma. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 42 | |
Concessions | Concessions within the subject’s influencing area are common. Each of the properties surveyed as rent comparables offer some form of rent concession. The concessions consist of reduced rent or free rent over a portion of the lease term. As indicated above, concessions are also accounted for in the loss to lease allowance. | |
As a percentage of the gross rent potential, the subject’s historical rent concessions have averaged approximately 7.2% over the preceding two years. The subject’s 2010 budget reports no allowance for concessions as they are accounted for in the gross rent potential in the form of reduced rents. As market fundamentals improve, the amount of concessions that landlords are required to offer are anticipated to decline. In consideration of the preceding and our estimation of market rents, concessions are estimated at 3.0% of the gross rent potential. | ||
Vacancy/Credit Loss | The subject has been able to maintain its fair share of market occupancy however market fundamentals have weakened over the recent past. The subject still maintains a relatively high occupancy and is currently 5% vacant. | |
The subjects current 95% level of occupancy is aligned with the upper-end of the range of occupancy levels reported by competitors in the immediate vicinity. The As presented in the Apartment Market Analysis section of this report, the average vacancy within the subject’s Downer’s Grove apartment submarket is 8.7%, indicating a submarket occupancy of 91.3%. Occupancy levels for the competing properties in the influencing market area are outlined in the following table. |
OVERVIEW OF COMPETITIVE OCCUPANCY LEVELS
Name | YOC | Total Units | Occupancy | |||||||||
Eagle Creek | 1976 | 346 | 91% | |||||||||
Emerald Court | 1975 | 376 | 94 | % | ||||||||
Green Trails | 1987 | 400 | 95 | % | ||||||||
Villages on Maple | 1972 | 300 | 94 | % | ||||||||
Averages | 1978 | 356 | 94 | % |
The subject property has a history of strong occupancy that is typically in the range illustrated by competing properties in the influencing market. Occupancy at the subject property was affected by the extensive amount of renovations that were being made to the property over the past few years. As a result, the average vacancy at the property was approximately 14% in 2008 and 8% in 2009. Occupancy has since recovered to the current 95% level. Collection losses at the subject property have been minimal, less than 1% over the past few years. | ||
Based on the average submarket occupancy and occupancy levels exhibited by competing properties sin the immediate area, a vacancy and credit loss allowance of 7.0% is processed in the valuation pro forma. | ||
Utility Recovery | Included in this category is the revenue received from tenants paying or reimbursing ownership for their share of utilities and services including gas, water, sewer and trash collection. Utility income in 2008 was $771 |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 43 | |
per unit increasing to $783 in 2009. The 2010 budget projects utility recovery to be $692 per unit. Based on the historical and budgeted utility income receipts, we have estimated Utility Income to be $285,285 or $715 per unit. The estimated recovery represents 68% of the total utility expense, an amount which is consistent with the historical recovery for the subject property. | ||
Other Income | Typically, apartment projects receive additional revenue from sources such as laundry income, vending, application fees, late fees, bad check charges, and deposit forfeitures. Other income receipts at the subject property has increased from $489 to $609 per unit or 3.7% to 4.8% of the gross potential income over the past couple of years. Other income is budgeted at $1,003 per unit for 2010. Other income is estimated at $800 per unit, or $319,200 for the appraised fiscal year based. This amount equates to 6.7% of gross potential income. | |
OPERATING EXPENSES | In order to estimate expenses for the subject property, we have analyzed the subject’s operating expenses for year-end 2008 and 2009, as well as the 2010 budget. Expenses for similar apartment properties in the Chicago area were also reviewed and considered. The subject’s operating statements under review have been reconstructed and summarized below. |
RECONSTRUCTED OPERATING STATEMENTS —
TWIN LAKES TOWERS APARTMENTS
TWIN LAKES TOWERS APARTMENTS
Year End 2008 | Year End 2009 | 2010 Budget | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Per Unit | Total | Per Unit | Total | Per Unit | |||||||||||||||||||
INCOME: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Potential Rent | $ | 5,326,737 | $ | 13,350 | $ | 5,078,358 | $ | 12,728 | $ | 4,470,345 | $ | 11,204 | ||||||||||||
Loss to Lease | $ | (529,373 | ) | $ | (1,327 | ) | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Vacancy/Collection Loss | $ | (725,732 | ) | $ | (1,819 | ) | $ | (405,055 | ) | $ | (1,015 | ) | $ | (269,505 | ) | $ | (675 | ) | ||||||
Concessions | $ | (284,972 | ) | $ | (714 | ) | $ | (452,242 | ) | $ | (1,133 | ) | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||
Utility Recovery | $ | 307,614 | $ | 771 | $ | 312,570 | $ | 783 | $ | 275,942 | $ | 692 | ||||||||||||
Other Income | $ | 194,977 | $ | 489 | $ | 243,067 | $ | 609 | $ | 400,257 | $ | 1,003 | ||||||||||||
Effective Gross Income | $ | 4,289,251 | $ | 10,750 | $ | 4,776,698 | $ | 11,972 | $ | 4,877,039 | $ | 12,223 | ||||||||||||
EXPENSES: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payroll and Benefits | $ | 479,773 | $ | 1,202 | $ | 477,023 | $ | 1,196 | $ | 421,542 | $ | 1,056 | ||||||||||||
Repairs & Maintenance | $ | 196,326 | $ | 492 | $ | 229,200 | $ | 574 | $ | 227,283 | $ | 570 | ||||||||||||
Administration | $ | 106,634 | $ | 267 | $ | 128,724 | $ | 323 | $ | 127,116 | $ | 319 | ||||||||||||
Management Fees | $ | 210,686 | $ | 528 | $ | 234,191 | $ | 587 | $ | 236,237 | $ | 592 | ||||||||||||
Utilities | $ | 489,726 | $ | 1,227 | $ | 447,529 | $ | 1,122 | $ | 407,550 | $ | 1,021 | ||||||||||||
Turnover Expenses | $ | 11,450 | $ | 29 | $ | 74,978 | $ | 188 | $ | 86,900 | $ | 218 | ||||||||||||
Insurance | $ | 94,325 | $ | 236 | $ | 100,266 | $ | 251 | $ | 112,179 | $ | 281 | ||||||||||||
Real Estate Taxes | $ | 383,621 | $ | 961 | $ | 407,391 | $ | 1,021 | $ | 441,104 | $ | 1,106 | ||||||||||||
Marketing/Leasing | $ | 145,670 | $ | 365 | $ | 156,260 | $ | 392 | $ | 119,154 | $ | 299 | ||||||||||||
Reserves | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses | $ | 2,118,211 | $ | 5,309 | $ | 2,255,562 | $ | 5,653 | $ | 2,179,065 | $ | 5,461 | ||||||||||||
Net Operating Income | $ | 2,171,040 | $ | 5,441 | $ | 2,521,136 | $ | 6,319 | $ | 2,697,974 | $ | 6,762 | ||||||||||||
Source: Client Submitted Information; compiled by CRA |
Overview | All of the expenses have fluctuated during the past couple of years. In general, expenses are consistent with market data and reflect stabilized operations. No major changes in operations are expected or appear to be required. Expenses are expected to grow at the average annual inflation rate. Each of the expense items is discussed separately below. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 44 | |
Payroll and Benefits | This expense includes payroll and benefits for the property manager, leasing agent(s), housekeeping, and maintenance personnel. The payroll expense has trended downward from $1,202 to $1,196 per unit over the past two reporting periods. The 2010 budget projects a payroll expense of $1,056 per unit. Based on the subject’s historical expense data, a salary and benefits expense of $1,200 per unit or $478,800 is forecast for the subject property. | |
Repairs & Maintenance | This expense line item includes charges for general maintenance and repairs, grounds and roads, and landscaping. The property appears adequately maintained with no noticeable items of deferred maintenance observed during the walk-thru. The average expense level appears reasonable based on historical figures. | |
The maintenance and repair expense at the subject property has trended upward from $492 to $574 per unit over the past couple of years. The 2010 budget projects an expense of $570 per unit. The repair/maintenance expense is estimated at $570 per unit, or $227,430. We include a separate Reserves category in the projection. | ||
Administration/Office | This category includes administrative charges and costs associated with the running of the management/leasing office including telephone service, office supplies, equipment rental, computers, etc. The administrative expense at the subject property has ranged from $267 to $323 over the past two reporting periods and is budgeted at $319 for 2010. An amount of $320 per unit or $127,680 is processed for the appraised fiscal year. | |
Management Fee | In the local market management services are typically a function of the revenues produced by the property, usually between 3.0% and 5.0% of collections. Based on historical operating statements under review, the subject property was managed for a fee that is equivalent to 4.9% of collected income. In consideration of current market standards and competitive nature of third-party management contracts at this time, we have processed a market oriented management fee of 3.0% of the effective gross income. | |
Utilities | This expense line item includes charges for common area and vacant unit electricity, gas, water/sewer and trash collection. At the subject property, tenants reimburse the landlord for gas, water and trash pick-up. Utility reimbursement has been included as a separate line item in the previous revenue analysis. | |
Utility expenses fluctuate with the weather and changes in supply costs and have become highly variable due to the combination of both influences. The utility expense at the subject property has ranged from $1,227 to $1,122 per unit over the past couple of years and is budgeted at $1,021 for 2010. An amount of $1,050 per unit is used and equates to $418,950 for the appraised fiscal year. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 45 | |
Turnover Expenses | This category covers the expenses associated with make-ready work on vacated apartments including paint, carpet, housekeeping, and other repair and maintenance. The turnover expense at the subject property has ranged from $29 to $188 per unit over the past couple of years and is budgeted at $218 for 2010. An amount of $79,800 or $200 per unit is estimated for the appraised fiscal year. | |
Insurance | Insurance includes fire, liability, theft, and boiler, exclusive of the premiums paid to employee benefit plans. The historical insurance expenses at the subject property range from $236 to $251 per unit and is budgeted at $281 for 2010. Insurance expenses are projected at $281 per unit or $112,200. | |
�� | ||
Real Estate Taxes | Real estate taxes are processed as discussed within the Real Estate Assessment and Tax Analysis section of this appraisal. The real estate tax projection is $393,000. | |
Marketing | This expense includes advertising, the cost of resident and locator referrals, internal leasing commissions, brochures, newsletters and resident activities. The historical marketing charges at the subject property range from $365 to $392 per unit and is budgeted at $299 for 2010. Based on historical data, marketing expenses are projected at $325 per unit or $129,675. | |
Reserves | Prudent management budgets a certain amount each year in a sinking fund to replace short-lived items, including kitchen appliances and cabinets, bathroom fixtures and tiling, flooring repairs, HVAC replacement and common elements such as the roof, exterior wood and parking areas. Reserves for replacement, while typically not found in submitted operating statements, are necessary in estimating a realistic operating budget so as to maintain the habitability of the apartments. | |
Reserves for replacement for a property of this vintage typically range from $200 to $300 per unit. In order to remain competitive, a reserve of $250 per unit is forecast. This amounts to $99,750. | ||
Total Expenses | On a stabilized basis, the subject’s projected expenses including reserves are projected at $2,211,698, or $5,543 per unit. The indicated operating expense ratio is 46% when including reserves and 44% without reserves. These expenses are reasonable based on similar properties in the region as reported by the IREM expense survey, our review of actual operating statistics for similar properties in the Chicago area and discussions with local apartment brokers and managers. The total expenses estimated for the subject are market oriented and reasonable. | |
VALUATION PRO FORMA | The following valuation pro forma summarizes the stabilized income and expenses described above for the appraised fiscal year. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 46 | |
| |
VALUATION PRO FORMA
3/30/2011 | ||||||||||||
Appraised Fiscal Year-ending | Pro-Forma | Per Unit | % of GPI | |||||||||
INCOME: | ||||||||||||
Gross Potential Rent | $ | 4,790,076 | $ | 12,005 | 100.00 | % | ||||||
Loss to Lease | $ | (95,802 | ) | $ | (240 | ) | -2.00 | % | ||||
Vacancy/Collection Loss | $ | (335,305 | ) | $ | (840 | ) | -7.00 | % | ||||
Concessions | $ | (143,702 | ) | $ | (360 | ) | -3.00 | % | ||||
Utility Recovery | $ | 285,285 | $ | 715 | 6.00 | % | ||||||
Other Income | $ | 319,200 | $ | 800 | 6.66 | % | ||||||
Effective Gross Income | $ | 4,819,752 | $ | 12,080 | 100.01 | % | ||||||
EXPENSES: | % of EGI | |||||||||||
Payroll and Benefits | $ | 478,800 | $ | 1,200 | 9.95 | % | ||||||
Repairs & Maintenance | $ | 227,430 | $ | 570 | 4.72 | % | ||||||
Administration | $ | 127,680 | $ | 320 | 2.65 | % | ||||||
Management Fees | $ | 144,413 | $ | 362 | 3.00 | % | ||||||
Utilities | $ | 418,950 | $ | 1,050 | 8.70 | % | ||||||
Turnover Expenses | $ | 79,800 | $ | 200 | 1.66 | % | ||||||
Insurance | $ | 112,200 | $ | 281 | 2.33 | % | ||||||
Real Estate Taxes | $ | 393,000 | $ | 985 | 8.16 | % | ||||||
Marketing/Leasing | $ | 129,675 | $ | 325 | 2.69 | % | ||||||
Reserves | $ | 99,750 | $ | 250 | 2.07 | % | ||||||
Total Expenses | $ | 2,211,698 | $ | 5,543 | 45.89 | % | ||||||
Net Operating Income | $ | 2,608,054 | $ | 6,536 | 54.11 | % |
CAPITALIZATION RATE ANALYSIS | ||
Overall Capitalization Rate | This appraisal will consider the following techniques; (a) derivation from comparable sales and (b) investor surveys. | |
Derivation from Sales | The recent comparable sales utilized in the Sales Comparison Approach following this section indicate a range of overall capitalization rates of 6.42% to 8.00%. Each of the sale properties are considered generally similar to the subject property in terms of location, age and physical characteristics. The capitalization rates from these sales are summarized in the following table. |
SUMMARY OF MARKET-DERIVED CAPITALIZATION RATES
Property Name | Crossroads | Brookdale Lakes | Autumn Run | Arbors of Brookdale | Retreat at Danada Farms | |||||||||||||||
Date of Sale | 5/30/2009 | 6/24/2009 | 9/30/2009 | 12/20/2009 | 1/11/2010 | |||||||||||||||
Year Built | 1975 | 1990 | 1986 | 1989 | 1997 | |||||||||||||||
Cap Rate | 8.00 | % | 6.59 | % | 7.80 | % | 6.42 | % | 7.07 | % |
The capitalization rates produced by these sales are a reliable indication as to an appropriate rate for the subject property. Based on recent sales data, a capitalization rate within the range of approximately 6.42% to 8.0% would be expected for the subject property. | ||
Investor Surveys | According to thePricewaterhouseCoopers Korpacz Real Estate Investor Survey, 1stQuarter 2010rates for apartments reported by survey participants active in the market presently range as shown. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 47 |
NATIONAL APARTMENT MARKET SURVEY
Internal Rate of Return | 6.50% - 14.00 | % | Range | |||||
10.18 | % | Average | ||||||
Overall Capitalization Rate | 5.00% - 11.00 | % | Range | |||||
7.85 | % | Average | ||||||
Terminal Capitalization Rate | 5.00% -11.00 | % | Range | |||||
8.01 | % | Average |
Source: Korpacz Real Estate Investor Survey, 4th Quarter 2009
As indicated below, overall rates began to increase beginning Third Quarter 2008 and continue to increase through the Fourth Quarter 2009, and in the 1st Quarter 2010 rates declined by 18 basis points. This follows general trends in the overall economy that began to deteriorate in approximately the middle of 2008 and has recently seen signs of improvements. |
OVERALL CAPITALIZATION RATE TRENDS
Quarter | Average | Basis Point Change | ||||||
1Q10 | 7.85 | % | -18 | |||||
4Q09 | 8.03 | % | 19 | |||||
3Q09 | 7.84 | % | 35 | |||||
2Q09 | 7.49 | % | 61 | |||||
1Q09 | 6.88 | % | 75 | |||||
4Q08 | 6.13 | % | 27 | |||||
3Q08 | 5.86 | % | 11 | |||||
2Q08 | 5.75 | % | -4 | |||||
1Q08 | 5.79 | % | 4 | |||||
4Q07 | 5.75 | % | -1 | |||||
3Q07 | 5.76 | % | -4 | |||||
2Q07 | 5.80 | % | -9 | |||||
1Q07 | 5.89 | % | -8 |
Source: Korpacz Real Estate Investor Survey
Conclusion of OAR | The subject is well maintained and represents an average quality apartment complex situated in an established residential neighborhood with good access. The property is proximate to employment centers, shopping and neighborhood support facilities. The subject has unit sizes that reflect market parameters and an amenity package that is typical of the properties in the competitive market. The subject was 95% occupied as of April 21, 2010 according to submitted data. The subject property is very competitive within its market and as a result displays a risk level that is typical or average for its asset class. It was substantially renovated in 2007-2009; approximately 146 apartment units (37% of total) remain un-renovated. | |
An OAR ranging from approximately 6.5% to 8.0% was suggested from a review of actual sales data. Investor surveys indicate that the average rate for garden apartments in the national market is approximately 7.85%. In consideration of the preceding data, with primary emphasis placed on the rates extracted from sales data in the local market, a rate in the range of approximately 7.0% to 7.5% is suggested for the subject property. A capitalization rate of 7.25% is concluded. | ||
VALUE BY DIRECT CAPITALIZATION | ||
Stabilized Cash Flow | The stabilized cash flow is based on the previous income and expense discussion. | |
Valuation | Value is calculated by dividing the stabilized net operating income (including an allowance for Reserves) by the concluded overall |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 48 |
capitalization rate. Thus the market value of the Fee Simple interest is calculated as follows: | ||
$2,608,054¸ 7.25% = $35,973,159 | ||
Direct Capitalization Value | ||
Conclusion | The Market Value of the Fee Simple Interest in the subject property, free and clear of financing, by the Direct Capitalization method of the Income Capitalization Approach, as of April 21, 2010, is rounded to: | |
THIRTY-SIX MILLION DOLLARS ($36,000,000) |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 49 |
SALES COMPARISON APPROACH | ||
VALUATION METHODOLOGY | The basic steps in processing the sales comparison approach are outlined as follows: | |
1. Research the market for recent sales transactions, listings, and offers to purchase or sell of properties similar to the subject property. | ||
2. Select a relevant unit of comparison and develop a comparative analysis. | ||
3. Compare comparable sale properties with the subject property using the elements of comparison and adjust the price of each comparable to the subject property. | ||
4. Reconcile the various value indications produced by the analysis of the comparables. | ||
REGIONAL SALES MARKET | The local market has been active in terms of investment sales of similar properties. Adequate sales exist to formulate a defensible value for the subject property via sales comparison. | |
PRESENTATION OF COMPARABLE SALES | To estimate the property value by the sales comparison approach, we analyzed sales from the influencing market that are most similar to the subject property in terms of age, size, tenant profile and location. The sales are compared on a price-per-unit basis, as this is a common method of comparison for such properties. | |
The comparable sales summarized in the chart below and plotted on the following map, range in price from $47,222 to $154,068 per unit. While these unit prices implicitly contain both the physical and economic factors affecting real estate, these statistics do not explicitly convey many of the details surrounding a specific property. Thus, this single index to the valuation of the subject property has some limitations. |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 50 |
PRESENTATION OF COMPARABLE SALES DATA
Sale No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | |||||
Project Name | Crossroads | Brookdale Lakes | Autumn Run | Arbors of Brookdale | Retreat at Danada Farms | |||||
Address | 2610 Marigold Drive | 1812 Gowdey Rd. | 1627 Country Lakes | 1373 Ivy Lane | 22 Vivaldi Ct. | |||||
Location | Sauk Village, IL | Naperville, IL | Naperville, IL | Naperville, IL | Wheaton, IL | |||||
Type | Garden | Garden | Garden | Garden | Garden | |||||
Grantor | EMP, LP | Ambassador VIII | Century Properties | Brookarbor JV | Edge Residential, LLC | |||||
Grantee | Total Equity South | N/A | Autumn Run LLC | Prime Naperville | Avalon Down REIT V | |||||
Sale Price | $8,500,000 | $20,700,000 | $24,870,500 | $32,000,000 | $45,450,000 | |||||
Date of Sale | 05/30/09 | 06/24/09 | 09/30/09 | 12/20/09 | 01/11/10 | |||||
Year Built | 1975 | 1990 | 1986 | 1989 | 1997 | |||||
No. of Units | 180 | 200 | 320 | 281 | 295 | |||||
No. of Stories | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | |||||
Net Rentable Area (NRA) | 150,140 | 191,400 | 245,708 | 275,345 | 350,606 | |||||
Average Unit Size (SF) | 834 | 957 | 768 | 980 | 1,188 | |||||
Effective Gross Income | $1,665,165 | $2,546,800 | $3,826,154 | $3,782,550 | $5,189,815 | |||||
Operating Expenses | $985,000 | $1,181,800 | $1,886,255 | $1,728,150 | $1,976,500 | |||||
Net Operating Income | $680,165 | $1,365,000 | $1,939,899 | $2,054,400 | $3,213,315 | |||||
NOI Per Unit | $3,779 | $6,825 | $6,062 | $7,311 | $10,893 | |||||
EGIM | 5.10 | 8.13 | 6.50 | 8.46 | 8.76 | |||||
OER | 59% | 46% | 49% | 46% | 38% | |||||
Capitalization Rate (OAR) | 8.00% | 6.59% | 7.80% | 6.42% | 7.07% | |||||
Price Per Unit | $47,222 | $103,500 | $77,720 | $113,879 | $154,068 | |||||
Price Per SF | $56.61 | $108.15 | $101.22 | $116.22 | $129.63 |
COMPARABLE SALES MAP
![(MAP)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356469.gif)
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 51 |
ANALYSIS OF SALES | The comparables are examined by considering the following adjustment factors. | |
Ownership Interest | No adjustments are necessary, since all of the sales reflect a 100% transfer of ownership interest. | |
Financing Terms | The comparable sales were either all cash transactions or were financed by primary lenders at market-oriented rates. Considerate of such, no adjustments for any unusual or atypical financing is required. | |
Conditions of Sale | Adjustments for conditions of sale usually reflect the motivations of the buyer and the seller. We are not aware of any atypical circumstances regarding any of the comparable sales. Personal property is included as all facilities have similar unit appliance requirements and miscellaneous office and common area FF&E. | |
Expenditures Made Immediately After Sale | Any required major capital costs incurred by the buyer immediately after the sale is appropriately added to the purchase price. Sale #2 had approximately $1.2 million budgeted to cure deferred maintenance that was present at the time of sale, the amount of which is included in the sale price. None of the remaining sales required any specific sale price adjustment other than what is included in general comparisons based on condition. | |
Market Conditions (Time) | Comparable sales that occurred under different market conditions than those applicable to the subject property as of the effective date of appraisal require adjustment for any differences that affect their values. The sales occurred between May 2009 and January 2010. | |
Market conditions began to deteriorate in approximately mid-year 2008 in response to weakness that was becoming pronounced in the regional and national economies. Market fundamentals remained soft thru most of 2009; however began to moderate in the third and fourth quarters of 2009 with a contraction in capitalization rates noted in the first quarter of 2010. | ||
Despite some improvements in capital markets, there is no transactional support for adjustment to the sale prices paid for the improved comparable sales utilized in our analysis. Accordingly, we have made no adjustment for changes in market conditions. | ||
Location | The comparable properties are located throughout the Chicago area. Differences may exist to slight variations in apartment submarket conditions and demographic profiles. The location of each sale is analyzed individually as it compares to the subject property’s location. Adjustments are applied where warranted. | |
Sales #2, #3 and #4 are located in the community of Naperville and have generally superior locational characteristics. Sale #1 is located in the community of Sauk Village on the south side of Chicago and an upward adjustment to the sale price of this comparable is warranted due to its inferior location. Sale #5 is located in Wheaton, a suburban community |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 52 |
north of the subject property. This location is considered to be slightly superior to the subject location and a downward adjustment for location is warranted. | ||
Physical Characteristics | Physical differences include differences in building size, quality of construction, building materials, age, condition, functional utility and appearance. All of the comparable properties are generally similar to the subject in terms of age and overall physical condition. Minor adjustments are applied based on perceived differences between the subject and comparable properties for quality/curb appeal. | |
Average Unit Size | The subject has an average unit size of 865 square feet. Properties with larger average unit sizes tend to trade at higher prices, all other factors being equal. Conversely, properties with smaller average unit sizes tend to trade at a lower price per unit. The average unit size of each comparable property is compared to the subject and applicable adjustments are applied when warranted. | |
Amenities | The subject offers an amenity package that is typical for a 1970s vintage property. With the exception of Sale #2 and #5, the comparable properties offer an amenity package that is similar to the subject property. Sale #1 offers an inferior amenity package and an upward adjustment for this factor has been made. | |
Economic Characteristics | Economic characteristics include all the attributes of a property that affect its income. All of the sales were operating at stabilized occupancy and at market rates. As such, no adjustment was applied. | |
The preceding adjustments are summarized in the following chart. |
COMPARABLE SALES ADJUSTMENT GRID
Sale No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
Name | Crossroads | Brookdale Lakes | Autumn Run | Arbors of Brookdale | Retreat at Danada Farms | |||||||||||||||
Address | 2610 Marigold | 1812 Gowdey | 1627 Country Lakes | 1373 Ivy Lane | 22 Vivaldi Ct. | |||||||||||||||
Sauk Village, IL | Naperville, IL | Naperville, IL | Naperville, IL | Wheaton, IL | ||||||||||||||||
Sale Date | 5/30/2009 | 6/24/2009 | 9/30/2009 | 12/20/2009 | 1/11/2010 | |||||||||||||||
Price per Unit | $ | 47,222 | $ | 103,500 | $ | 77,720 | $ | 113,879 | $ | 154,068 | ||||||||||
ADJUSTMENTS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Financing Adjustment | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Adjusted for Financing per Unit | $ | 47,222 | $ | 103,500 | $ | 77,720 | $ | 113,879 | $ | 154,068 | ||||||||||
Conditions of Sale Adjustment | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Adjusted for Special Conditions | $ | 47,222 | $ | 103,500 | $ | 77,720 | $ | 113,879 | $ | 154,068 | ||||||||||
Time | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | ||||||||||
Time Adjusted Price per Unit | $ | 47,222 | $ | 103,500 | $ | 77,720 | $ | 113,879 | $ | 154,068 | ||||||||||
Location | 10 | % | -5 | % | -5 | % | -5 | % | -5 | % | ||||||||||
Physical Characteristics | 10 | % | -5 | % | -5 | % | -5 | % | -10 | % | ||||||||||
Average Unit Size | 0 | % | 0 | % | 5 | % | -5 | % | -10 | % | ||||||||||
Amenities | 0 | % | -5 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | -5 | % | ||||||||||
Economics | 10 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | -5 | % | -10 | % | ||||||||||
Total Adjustments (%) | 30 | % | -15 | % | -5 | % | -20 | % | -40 | % | ||||||||||
Adjusted Price per Unit | $ | 61,389 | $ | 87,975 | $ | 73,834 | $ | 91,103 | $ | 92,441 |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments | May 19, 2010 | |
Westmont, Illinois | Page 53 |
VALUE CONCLUSION | After analysis and adjustments, a value range of $61,389 to $92,441 per unit is indicated. The mean and median adjusted sales prices equate to $81,348 and $87,975 per unit. Sales #2 and #3 required the least adjustment and are accorded most significance in this analysis. The adjusted indicators exhibited by these sales range from $73,834 to $87,975 per unit. A value of $85,000 per unit is indicated for the subject property. | |
399 x $85,000 = $33,915,500, or $33,900,000 rounded | ||
Applying this value to the stabilized Effective Gross Income derived for the property within the Capitalization Approach section, results in an indicated EGIM of approximately 7.0 on a stabilized basis. This indicated EGIM is within the range of 5.1 to 8.8 produced by the sales data under analysis. This indicator suggests that the value concluded for the property via comparative analysis is reasonable based on the subject property’s income-producing characteristics. | ||
Accordingly, the Market Value of the Fee Simple interest in the subject property as of April 21, 2010, free and clear of financing, via the Sales Comparison Approach, is rounded to: |
THIRTY-THREE MILLION NINE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS
($33,900,000)
($33,900,000)
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Page 54 |
RECONCILIATION AND FINAL ESTIMATE OF VALUE | ||
Review | The purpose of this appraisal is to provide an estimate of the market value of the Fee Simple interest in the subject property, free and clear of financing. The date of value is April 21, 2010. The indicated market value estimates for the real property interest appraised are: |
Cost Approach | N/A | |||
Income Capitalization Approach | $ | 36,000,000 | ||
Sales Comparison Approach | $ | 33,900,000 |
Cost Approach | The cost approach value estimate relies on the cost to produce a like structure. The cost approach is not usually considered a reliable value indicator due to the fact that investors in the market area place minimal reliance on this approach because of the age of the property. The cost approach was not considered meaningful in the valuation of the subject property and was not included in the appraisal process. | |
Income Approach | The Income Capitalization Approach was processed. The subject is an income-producing property, and this approach provides good evidence of market value. Both the Discounted Cash Flow and Direct Capitalization methods were employed. Based on the applicable analytical methods of the most likely investors in an asset of this type, the Discounted Cash Flow method was given greatest consideration in the conclusion of value for this approach. It is similarly given greatest consideration in the final conclusion of market value. | |
Sales Approach | This approach provides an estimate of value based upon the recent activities of buyers and sellers in the marketplace. This approach is generally considered to be reliable in active markets where the motivations of buyers and sellers are known and the operating characteristics of the properties being transferred are available for scrutiny. Although sales volume is down significantly from historical levels as a result of current market conditions, our market research revealed several sales of properties that are considered relatively comparable to the subject property. The value conclusion derived via this approach is supportive of that concluded via the Income Approach. | |
Conclusions | Based upon the data, analyses and conclusions contained within this appraisal report with primary emphasis placed on the value derived within the Income Capitalization Approach, the Market Value of the Fee Simple Interest in the subject property, free and clear of financing, as of April 21, 2010 is: | |
FORTY-SIX MILLIONDOLLARS | ||
($36,000,000) |
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
ADDENDA
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
ADDITIONAL SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356470.gif)
Elevation of Typical Building
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356471.gif)
Typical Building Entrance
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356460.gif)
Frontage along W. 60th Street
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356473.gif)
Water View Amenity
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356474.gif)
Typical Renovated Kitchen
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356475.gif)
Typical Living Area Interior
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356476.gif)
Elevator Banks/Lobby
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356477.gif)
Leasing/Management/Clubhouse Building
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
\
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
SUBJECT PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356478.gif)
Swimming Pool
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356479.gif)
Clubhouse Interior
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
IMPROVED SALES PHOTOGRAPHS
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
IMPROVED SALES PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356480.gif)
Crossroads Apartments
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356481.gif)
Brookdale Lakes Apartments
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
IMPROVED SALES PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356482.gif)
Autumn Run Apartments
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356483.gif)
Arbors of Brookdale Apartments
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
IMPROVED SALES PHOTOGRAPHS
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/S-4/0000950123-11-069573/d83564d8356484.gif)
Retreat at Danada Farms Apartments
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
APPRAISER QUALIFICATIONS
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
STEVEN J. GOLDBERG, MAI, CCIM
MANAGING PARTNER
MANAGING PARTNER
STEVEN J. GOLDBERG is the Managing Partner of Cogent Realty Advisors LLC, a firm specializing in commercial real estate valuation, consultation and due diligence. His responsibilities include staff supervision, appraisal management, maintaining product quality, marketing and client development.
Mr. Goldberg has over 25 years of nationwide experience in real estate valuation, investment analysis and evaluation consultation. He has performed appraisals throughout the United States and has extensive experience in most markets situated in the Southwest and Southeast regions of the country. Mr. Goldberg’s particular area of expertise is in the appraisal and analysis of multifamily apartment projects. In addition to his expertise in the multifamily market, Mr. Goldberg has extensive experience in the appraisal of other income-producing properties including office buildings, retail properties, lodging facilities, industrial properties and mixed-use projects.
Immediately prior to forming Cogent Realty Advisors, Mr. Goldberg was an Executive Vice President of a national valuation and consulting firm and managed the Southwest regional office. Mr. Goldberg has performed marketability, consultation and feasibility reports, has served as an expert witness and has testified in various state and federal courts. These activities have been performed on behalf of real estate investors, life insurance companies, pension funds, investment banking firms, foreign and domestic financial institutions, mortgage bankers, conduit lenders, real estate advisors, law firms and governmental agencies.
Mr. Goldberg received his Bachelor of Business Administration Degree from the University of Texas in Austin, with major concentrations in both Finance and Real Estate/Urban Land Economics. He is a designated member of the Appraisal Institute and the Commercial Investment Real Estate Institute having been awarded the MAI designation in 1989 and the CCIM designation in 1994. He has attended numerous continuing education courses and has completed the requirements under the continuing education program of the Appraisal Institute.
Mr. Goldberg is state certified as a General Real Estate Appraiser in Texas. He is also a licensed Real Estate Broker in the State of Texas. He is affiliated with the North Texas Commercial Association of Realtors, International Council of Shopping Centers and Mortgage Bankers Association.
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC
Twin Lakes Towers Apartments Westmont, Illinois | May 19, 2010 Addenda |
ROBERT T. DON
SENIOR APPRAISER
SENIOR APPRAISER
ROBERT T. DON, Senior Appraiser with Cogent Realty Advisors, LLC, has a strong background in real estate valuation, management, marketing, and consulting. He has 15 years of national experience within the real estate industry. As a real estate appraiser, Mr. Don has been engaged to perform valuation studies on a variety of complex commercial properties including mixed use developments, regional malls, marinas, and other special use properties. He has significant valuation experience in most national markets.
Mr. Don has worked as an urban planning consultant and asset and marketing manager since 1977. He was manager of land development projects for several large real estate investment companies in Dallas, Texas. In this capacity, Mr. Don was responsible for the marketing and sale of large planned developments and the management of a diverse real estate portfolio. From 1978 to 1983, Mr. Don worked as a land use manager with the nation’s largest land owner, International Paper Company. In this capacity, he instituted a company-wide program for land use decisions, was a review appraiser, planner, and land manager of timberlands, plants, and facilities. In addition to these responsibilities, he became a specialist in timberland analysis and was the real estate manager for 1.2 million acres in the southeastern United States.
Between 1976 and 1978, Mr. Don worked as an urban planning consultant with Gruen Associates, Inc., a national architectural and engineering firm in New York City. During this time, he was consulting planner on diverse projects including expansion of the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art; light rail transit planning for Buffalo, New York; HUD new town planning for Flower Mound, Texas; feasibility studies for the reuse of the former Penn Central Railroad properties; and community impacts of industrial facility and military base closing.
Mr. Don received his Bachelor Degree of Urban Planning and Design from the University of Cincinnati in 1997. Since then, he has completed graduate work at the Real Estate Institute of New York University and appraisal course work at the Appraisal Institute. He has lectured extensively at universities throughout the United States and has authored articles on land use planning and real estate subjects. Mr. Don is both a licensed real estate broker and State Certified general appraiser in the State of Texas. Mr. Don is a candidate for his MAI designation with the Appraisal Institute. In addition to extensive real estate course work, he has successfully completed certain requirements towards the MAI designation.
COGENT Realty Advisors, LLC