Loans | NOTE 4—LOANS Loan Portfolio Composition Our loan portfolio consists of loans held for investment, including loans underlying our consolidated securitization trusts, and loans held for sale, and is divided into three portfolio segments: credit card, consumer banking and commercial banking. Credit card loans consist of domestic and international credit card loans. Consumer banking loans consist of auto, home and retail banking loans. Commercial banking loans consist of commercial and multifamily real estate, commercial and industrial, and small-ticket commercial real estate loans. Our portfolio of loans held for investment also includes certain of our consumer and commercial loans acquired through business combinations that were recorded at fair value at acquisition and subsequently accounted for based on cash flows expected to be collected, which were referred to as “purchased credit-impaired loans” or “PCI loans.” See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” in our 2015 Form 10-K for additional information on the accounting guidance for these loans. Credit Quality We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to manage and evaluate our exposure to credit risk. Trends in delinquency rates are an indicator, among other considerations, of credit risk within our loan portfolio. The level of nonperforming loans represents another indicator of the potential for future credit losses. Accordingly, key metrics we track and use in evaluating the credit quality of our loan portfolio include delinquency and nonperforming loan rates, as well as net charge-off rates and our internal risk ratings of larger balance commercial loans. The table below presents the composition and an aging analysis of our loans held for investment portfolio, which includes loans underlying our consolidated securitization trusts, as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . The delinquency aging includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 4.1: Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis March 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days > 90 Days Total Delinquent Loans PCI Loans Total Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card (1) $ 81,946 $ 757 $ 555 $ 1,303 $ 2,615 $ 0 $ 84,561 International credit card 7,832 116 72 118 306 0 8,138 Total credit card 89,778 873 627 1,421 2,921 0 92,699 Consumer Banking: Auto 40,386 1,576 619 133 2,328 0 42,714 Home loan 6,521 37 15 166 218 17,604 24,343 Retail banking 3,459 19 7 18 44 31 3,534 Total consumer banking 50,366 1,632 641 317 2,590 17,635 70,591 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 25,497 19 2 9 30 32 25,559 Commercial and industrial 36,744 52 98 307 457 901 38,102 Total commercial lending 62,241 71 100 316 487 933 63,661 Small-ticket commercial real estate 572 3 2 3 8 0 580 Total commercial banking 62,813 74 102 319 495 933 64,241 Other loans 73 2 1 6 9 0 82 Total loans (2) $ 203,030 $ 2,581 $ 1,371 $ 2,063 $ 6,015 $ 18,568 $ 227,613 % of Total loans 89.20% 1.13% 0.60% 0.91% 2.64 % 8.16% 100.00 % December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days > 90 Days Total Delinquent Loans PCI Loans Total Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card (1) $ 84,954 $ 906 $ 658 $ 1,421 $ 2,985 $ 0 $ 87,939 International credit card 7,903 110 67 106 283 0 8,186 Total credit card 92,857 1,016 725 1,527 3,268 0 96,125 Consumer Banking: Auto 38,549 1,901 880 219 3,000 0 41,549 Home loan 6,465 41 18 176 235 18,527 25,227 Retail banking 3,514 21 8 20 49 33 3,596 Total consumer banking 48,528 1,963 906 415 3,284 18,560 70,372 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 25,449 34 0 4 38 31 25,518 Commercial and industrial 35,920 51 34 203 288 927 37,135 Total commercial lending 61,369 85 34 207 326 958 62,653 Small-ticket commercial real estate 607 3 1 2 6 0 613 Total commercial banking 61,976 88 35 209 332 958 63,266 Other loans 77 2 2 7 11 0 88 Total loans (2) $ 203,438 $ 3,069 $ 1,668 $ 2,158 $ 6,895 $ 19,518 $ 229,851 % of Total loans 88.51% 1.33% 0.73% 0.94% 3.00 % 8.49% 100.00 % __________ (1) Includes installment loans of $13 million and $16 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. (2) Loans are presented net of unearned income, unamortized premiums and discounts, and unamortized deferred fees and costs totaling $948 million and $989 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. We pledge loan collateral at the FHLB to secure borrowing capacity. The outstanding balances of the pledged loans totaled $35.6 billion as of March 31, 2016, and $36.9 billion as of December 31, 2015. Table 4.2 presents the outstanding balance of loans 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest and loans classified as nonperforming as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . Table 4.2: 90+ Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans (1) March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 1,303 $ 0 $ 1,421 $ 0 International credit card 92 48 79 53 Total credit card 1,395 48 1,500 53 Consumer Banking: Auto 0 133 0 219 Home loan 0 307 0 311 Retail banking 1 30 0 28 Total consumer banking 1 470 0 558 March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate $ 1 $ 30 $ 0 $ 7 Commercial and industrial 10 1,014 5 538 Total commercial lending 11 1,044 5 545 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 6 0 5 Total commercial banking 11 1,050 5 550 Other loans 0 10 0 9 Total $ 1,407 $ 1,578 $ 1,505 $ 1,170 % of Total loans 0.62% 0.69% 0.65% 0.51% __________ (1) Nonperfor ming loans generally include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status. PCI loans are excluded from loans reported as 90 days and accruing interest as well as nonperforming loans. See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” in our 2015 Form 10-K for additional information on our policies for nonperforming loans. Credit Card Our credit card loan portfolio is highly diversified across millions of accounts and numerous geographies without significant individual exposure. We therefore generally manage credit risk on a portfolio basis. The risk in our credit card loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates and home values, as well as customer liquidity, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The primary factors we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our credit card portfolio are delinquency and charge-off trends, including an analysis of the migration of loans between delinquency categories over time. The table below displays the geographic profile of our credit card loan portfolio as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . We also present net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.3: Credit Card: Risk Profile by Geographic Region March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Domestic credit card: California $ 9,752 10.5% $ 10,029 10.5% Texas 6,182 6.7 6,344 6.6 New York 6,163 6.6 6,446 6.7 Florida 5,574 6.0 5,712 5.9 Illinois 3,922 4.2 4,121 4.3 Pennsylvania 3,575 3.9 3,764 3.9 Ohio 3,180 3.4 3,371 3.5 New Jersey 3,061 3.3 3,210 3.3 Michigan 2,762 3.0 2,922 3.0 Other 40,390 43.6 42,020 43.8 Total domestic credit card 84,561 91.2 87,939 91.5 International credit card: Canada 4,963 5.4 4,889 5.1 United Kingdom 3,175 3.4 3,297 3.4 Total international credit card 8,138 8.8 8,186 8.5 Total credit card $ 92,699 100.0% $ 96,125 100.0 % __________ (1) P ercentages by geographic region are calculated based on period-end amounts. Table 4.4: Credit Card: Net Charge-Offs Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate Amount Rate Net charge-offs: (1) Domestic credit card $ 887 4.16% $ 664 3.55% International credit card 63 3.24 55 2.80 Total credit card $ 950 4.09 $ 719 3.48 __________ (1) Net charge-offs consist of the unpaid principal balance that we determine to be uncollectible, net of recovered amounts. The net charge-off rate is calculated for each loan category by dividing annualized net charge-offs by average loans held for investment for the period. Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rate are impacted periodically by fluctuations in recoveries, including debt sales. Consumer Banking Our consumer banking loan portfolio consists of auto, home and retail banking loans. Similar to our credit card loan portfolio, the risk in our consumer banking loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates, gross domestic product (“GDP”) and home values, as well as customer liquidity, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. Delinquency, nonperforming loans and charge-off trends are key factors we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our consumer banking loan portfolio. The table below displays the geographic profile of our consumer banking loan portfolio, including PCI loans. We also present the delinquency and nonperforming loan rates of our consumer banking loan portfolio as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , as well as net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.5: Consumer Banking: Risk Profile by Geographic Region March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Auto: Texas $ 5,597 7.9% $ 5,463 7.8% California 4,812 6.8 4,611 6.5 Florida 3,485 4.9 3,315 4.7 Georgia 2,291 3.3 2,245 3.2 Louisiana 1,931 2.7 1,882 2.7 Illinois 1,891 2.7 1,859 2.6 Ohio 1,778 2.5 1,738 2.5 Other 20,929 29.7 20,436 29.0 Total auto 42,714 60.5 41,549 59.0 Home loan: California 5,652 8.0 5,884 8.4 New York 2,119 3.0 2,171 3.1 Maryland 1,517 2.1 1,539 2.2 Illinois 1,433 2.0 1,490 2.1 Virginia 1,320 1.9 1,354 1.9 New Jersey 1,246 1.8 1,293 1.8 Florida 1,090 1.6 1,146 1.6 Other 9,966 14.1 10,350 14.8 Total home loan 24,343 34.5 25,227 35.9 March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Retail banking: Louisiana $ 1,054 1.5 % $ 1,071 1.5 % New York 919 1.3 921 1.3 Texas 757 1.1 757 1.1 New Jersey 247 0.3 259 0.4 Maryland 187 0.3 180 0.3 Virginia 150 0.2 151 0.2 Other 220 0.3 257 0.3 Total retail banking 3,534 5.0 3,596 5.1 Total consumer banking $ 70,591 100.0% $ 70,372 100.0% __________ (1) Pe rcentages by geographic region are calculated based on period-end amounts. Table 4.6: Consumer Banking: Net Charge-Offs and Nonperforming Loans Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate (1) Amount Rate (1) Net charge-offs: Auto $ 168 1.60% $ 148 1.55% Home loan (2) 3 0.05 2 0.03 Retail banking 12 1.36 9 0.96 Total consumer banking (2) $ 183 1.04 $ 159 0.89 March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate (3) Amount Rate (3) Nonperforming loans: Auto $ 133 0.31% $ 219 0.53 % Home loan (4) 307 1.26 311 1.23 Retail banking 30 0.83 28 0.77 Total consumer banking (4) $ 470 0.66 $ 558 0.79 __________ (1) Calculated for each loan category by dividing annualized net charge-offs by average loans held for investment for the period. (2) Excluding the impact of PCI loans, the net charge-off rates for our home loan and total consumer banking portfolios were 0.17% and 1.40% , respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2016 , compared to 0.11% and 1.30% , respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2015 . (3) Calculated for each loan category by dividing nonperforming loans by period-end loans held for investment. (4) Excluding the impact of PCI loans, the nonperforming loan rates for our home loan and total consumer banking portfolios were 4.55% and 0.89% , respectively, as of March 31, 2016 , compared to 4.68% and 1.08% , respectively, as of December 31, 2015 . Home Loan Our home loan portfolio consists of both first-lien and second-lien residential mortgage loans. In evaluating the credit quality and risk of our home loan portfolio, we continually monitor a variety of mortgage loan characteristics that may affect the default experience on this loan portfolio, such as vintage, geographic concentrations, lien priority and product type. Certain loan concentrations have experienced higher delinquency rates as a result of the significant decline in home prices after the peak in 2006 and subsequent rise in unemployment. These loan concentrations include loans originated between 2006 and 2008 in an environment of decreasing home sales, broadly declining home prices and more relaxed underwriting standards. The following table presents the distribution of our home loan portfolio as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , based on selected key risk characteristics. Table 4.7: Home Loan: Risk Profile by Vintage, Geography, Lien Priority and Interest Rate Type March 31, 2016 Loans PCI Loans Total Home Loans (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Origination year: (2) < = 2007 $ 2,449 10.1% $ 8,613 35.3% $ 11,062 45.4% 2008 151 0.6 2,743 11.3 2,894 11.9 2009 94 0.4 1,405 5.8 1,499 6.2 2010 95 0.4 2,054 8.4 2,149 8.8 2011 168 0.7 2,291 9.4 2,459 10.1 2012 1,219 5.0 362 1.5 1,581 6.5 2013 538 2.2 70 0.3 608 2.5 2014 663 2.7 30 0.1 693 2.8 2015 1,121 4.6 32 0.2 1,153 4.8 2016 241 1.0 4 0.0 245 1.0 Total $ 6,739 27.7% $ 17,604 72.3% $ 24,343 100.0% Geographic concentration: (3) California $ 876 3.6% $ 4,776 19.6% $ 5,652 23.2% New York 1,288 5.3 831 3.4 2,119 8.7 Maryland 530 2.2 987 4.0 1,517 6.2 Illinois 90 0.4 1,343 5.5 1,433 5.9 Virginia 439 1.8 881 3.6 1,320 5.4 New Jersey 354 1.4 892 3.7 1,246 5.1 Florida 153 0.6 937 3.9 1,090 4.5 Louisiana 1,043 4.3 26 0.1 1,069 4.4 Arizona 83 0.3 958 4.0 1,041 4.3 Washington 115 0.5 753 3.1 868 3.6 Other 1,768 7.3 5,220 21.4 6,988 28.7 Total $ 6,739 27.7% $ 17,604 72.3% $ 24,343 100.0 % Lien type: 1 st lien $ 5,747 23.6% $ 17,294 71.1% $ 23,041 94.7% 2 nd lien 992 4.1 310 1.2 1,302 5.3 Total $ 6,739 27.7% $ 17,604 72.3% $ 24,343 100.0% Interest rate type: Fixed rate $ 2,835 11.7% $ 2,153 8.8% $ 4,988 20.5% Adjustable rate 3,904 16.0 15,451 63.5 19,355 79.5 Total $ 6,739 27.7% $ 17,604 72.3% $ 24,343 100.0% December 31, 2015 Loans PCI Loans Total Home Loans (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Origination year: (2) < = 2007 $ 2,559 10.1% $ 8,956 35.5% $ 11,515 45.6% 2008 157 0.6 2,866 11.4 3,023 12.0 2009 97 0.4 1,498 5.9 1,595 6.3 2010 97 0.4 2,208 8.8 2,305 9.2 2011 176 0.7 2,476 9.8 2,652 10.5 2012 1,276 5.1 389 1.5 1,665 6.6 2013 557 2.2 71 0.3 628 2.5 2014 680 2.7 31 0.1 711 2.8 2015 1,101 4.4 32 0.1 1,133 4.5 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% Geographic concentration: (3) California $ 871 3.5% $ 5,013 19.9% $ 5,884 23.4% New York 1,295 5.1 876 3.5 2,171 8.6 Maryland 511 2.0 1,028 4.1 1,539 6.1 Illinois 89 0.4 1,401 5.5 1,490 5.9 Virginia 428 1.7 926 3.7 1,354 5.4 New Jersey 353 1.4 940 3.7 1,293 5.1 Florida 157 0.6 989 3.9 1,146 4.5 Louisiana 1,069 4.2 27 0.1 1,096 4.3 Arizona 81 0.4 995 3.9 1,076 4.3 Washington 113 0.4 806 3.2 919 3.6 Other 1,733 6.9 5,526 21.9 7,259 28.8 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0 % Lien type: 1 st lien $ 5,705 22.6% $ 18,207 72.2% $ 23,912 94.8% 2 nd lien 995 4.0 320 1.2 1,315 5.2 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% Interest rate type: Fixed rate $ 2,751 10.9% $ 2,264 9.0% $ 5,015 19.9% Adjustable rate 3,949 15.7 16,263 64.4 20,212 80.1 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% __________ (1) Percentages within each risk category are calculated based on period-end amounts. (2) The PCI loans balances with an origination date in the years subsequent to 2012 are related to refinancing of previously acquired home loans. (3) States listed represents those which have the highest individual concentration of home loans. Our recorded investment in home loans that are in process of foreclosure was $451 million as of March 31, 2016 . We commence the foreclosure process on home loans when a borrower becomes at least 120 days delinquent in accordance with Consumer Financial Protection Bureau regulations. Foreclosure procedures and time lines vary according to state law. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the carrying value of the foreclosed residential real estate properties we hold and report as other assets on our consolidated balance sheet totaled $111 million and $123 million , respectively. Commercial Banking We evaluate the credit risk of commercial loans individually and use a risk-rating system to determine credit quality. We assign internal risk ratings to loans based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt. In determining the risk rating of a particular loan, some of the factors considered are the borrower’s current financial condition, historical and projected future credit performance, prospects for support from financially responsible guarantors, the estimated realizable value of any collateral and current economic trends. The scale based on our internal risk rating system is as follows: • Noncriticized: Loans that have not been designated as criticized, frequently referred to as “pass” loans. • Criticized performing: Loans in which the financial condition of the obligor is stressed, affecting earnings, cash flows or collateral values. The borrower currently has adequate capacity to meet near-term obligations; however, the stress, left unabated, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects at some future date. • Criticized nonperforming: Loans that are not adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as criticized nonperforming have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain a credit loss if the deficiencies are not corrected and are generally placed on nonaccrual status. We use our internal risk rating system for regulatory reporting, determining the frequency of credit exposure reviews, and evaluating and determining the allowance for loan and lease losses for commercial loans. Loans of $1 million or more that are designated as criticized performing and criticized nonperforming are reviewed quarterly by management to determine if they are appropriately classified/rated and whether any impairment exists. Noncriticized loans greater than $1 million are specifically reviewed, at least annually, to determine the appropriate risk rating. In addition, we evaluate the risk rating during the renewal process of any loan or if a loan becomes past due. The following table presents the geographic distribution and internal risk ratings of our commercial loan portfolio as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . Table 4.8: Commercial Banking: Risk Profile by Geographic Region and Internal Risk Rating March 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Commercial and Multifamily Real Estate % of Total (1) Commercial and Industrial % of Total (1) Small-ticket Commercial Real Estate % of Total (1) Total Commercial Banking % of Total (1) Geographic concentration: (2) Northeast $ 15,312 59.8% $ 8,724 22.9% $ 358 61.6% $ 24,394 38.0% Mid-Atlantic 3,032 11.9 3,255 8.5 23 4.0 6,310 9.8 South 4,054 15.9 15,303 40.2 37 6.4 19,394 30.2 Other 3,161 12.4 10,820 28.4 162 28.0 14,143 22.0 Total $ 25,559 100.0% $ 38,102 100.0% $ 580 100.0% $ 64,241 100.0% Internal risk rating: (3) Noncriticized $ 25,219 98.7% $ 33,872 88.9% $ 572 98.5% $ 59,663 92.9% Criticized performing 278 1.1 2,315 6.0 2 0.4 2,595 4.0 Criticized nonperforming 30 0.1 1,014 2.7 6 1.1 1,050 1.6 PCI loans (4) 32 0.1 901 2.4 0 0.0 933 1.5 Total $ 25,559 100.0% $ 38,102 100.0 % $ 580 100.0% $ 64,241 100.0% December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Commercial and Multifamily Real Estate % of Total (1) Commercial and Industrial % of Total (1) Small-ticket Commercial Real Estate % of Total (1) Total Commercial Banking % of Total (1) Geographic concentration: (2) Northeast $ 15,949 62.5% $ 8,074 21.8% $ 376 61.3% $ 24,399 38.6% Mid-Atlantic 2,797 11.0 3,010 8.1 25 4.1 5,832 9.2 South 4,070 15.9 15,240 41.0 40 6.5 19,350 30.6 Other 2,702 10.6 10,811 29.1 172 28.1 13,685 21.6 Total $ 25,518 100.0% $ 37,135 100.0% $ 613 100.0% $ 63,266 100.0% Internal risk rating: (3) Noncriticized $ 25,130 98.5% $ 34,008 91.6% $ 605 98.7% $ 59,743 94.4% Criticized performing 350 1.4 1,662 4.5 3 0.5 2,015 3.2 Criticized nonperforming 7 0.0 538 1.4 5 0.8 550 0.9 PCI loans (4) 31 0.1 927 2.5 0 0.0 958 1.5 Total $ 25,518 100.0% $ 37,135 100.0% $ 613 100.0% $ 63,266 100.0% __________ (1) Percentages calculated based on total loans held for investment in each respective loan category using period-end amounts. (2) Geographic concentration is generally determined by the location of the borrower’s business or the location of the collateral associated with the loan. Northeast consists of CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, PA and VT. Mid-Atlantic consists of DC, DE, MD, VA and WV. South consists of AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, SC, TN and TX. (3) Criticized exposures correspond to the “Special Mention,” “Substandard” and “Doubtful” asset c ategories defined by banking regulatory authorities. (4) We evaluate PCI loans based on their actual risk ratings. Were these PCI loans to be classified based on their risk ratings, $204 million and $128 million would be classified as Noncriticized, $694 million and $793 million as Criticized performing, and $35 million and $37 million as Criticized nonperforming as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. Impaired Loans The following table presents information about our impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, which is reported separately as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 : Table 4.9: Impaired Loans (1) March 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) With an Allowance Without an Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Net Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 525 $ 0 $ 525 $ 147 $ 378 $ 511 International credit card 133 0 133 66 67 129 Total credit card (2) 658 0 658 213 445 640 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 283 211 494 22 472 778 Home loan 233 133 366 15 351 458 Retail banking 50 10 60 14 46 61 Total consumer banking 566 354 920 51 869 1,297 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 106 27 133 10 123 136 Commercial and industrial 1,091 123 1,214 183 1,031 1,319 Total commercial lending 1,197 150 1,347 193 1,154 1,455 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 7 7 0 7 8 Total commercial banking 1,197 157 1,354 193 1,161 1,463 Total $ 2,421 $ 511 $ 2,932 $ 457 $ 2,475 $ 3,400 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) With an Allowance Without an Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Net Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 541 $ 0 $ 541 $ 150 $ 391 $ 526 International credit card 125 0 125 59 66 121 Total credit card (2) 666 0 666 209 457 647 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 273 215 488 22 466 772 Home loan 229 136 365 18 347 456 Retail banking 51 10 61 14 47 62 Total consumer banking 553 361 914 54 860 1,290 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 82 3 85 11 74 88 Commercial and industrial 515 278 793 75 718 862 Total commercial lending 597 281 878 86 792 950 Small-ticket commercial real estate 6 0 6 0 6 7 Total commercial banking 603 281 884 86 798 957 Total $ 1,822 $ 642 $ 2,464 $ 349 $ 2,115 $ 2,894 Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Average Interest Average Interest Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 533 $ 14 $ 542 $ 14 International credit card 129 3 141 2 Total credit card (2) 662 17 683 16 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 491 22 444 21 Home loan 366 1 366 1 Retail banking 60 0 52 0 Total consumer banking 917 23 862 22 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 109 1 133 1 Commercial and industrial 1,004 2 213 1 Total commercial lending 1,113 3 346 2 Small-ticket commercial real estate 6 0 10 0 Total commercial banking 1,119 3 356 2 Total $ 2,698 $ 43 $ 1,901 $ 40 __________ (1) Impaired loans include loans modified in troubled debt restructuring (“TDRs”), all nonperforming commercial loans and nonperforming home loans with a specific impairment. Impaired loans without an allowance generally represent loans that have been charged down to the fair value of the underlying collateral for which we believe no additional losses have been incurred, or where the fair value of the underlying collateral meets or exceeds the loan’s amortized cost. (2) The average recorded investment of credit card loans includes finance charges and fees. (3) Although auto loans from loan recovery inventory are not reported in our loans held for investment, they are included as impaired loans above since they are reported as TD Rs. The total recorded investment of loans modified in TDRs represents $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion of the impaired loans presented above as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. Consumer TDRs classified as performing totaled $1.0 billion as of both March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . Commercial TDRs classified as performing totaled $305 million and $334 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. As part of our loan modification programs to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, we may provide multiple concessions to minimize our economic loss and improve long-term loan performance and collectability. The following tables present the major modification types, recorded investment amounts and financial effects of loans modified in TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 : Table 4.10: Troubled Debt Restructurings Total Loans (1)(2) Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of (3)(4) Average (5) % of (4)(6) Average (7) % of (4)(8) Gross (9) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 62 100% 12.85% 0% 0 0 % $ 0 International credit card 36 100 25.66 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 98 100 17.52 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 86 42 3.93 73 7 27 21 Home loan 13 62 2.63 75 249 1 0 Retail banking 3 21 6.30 87 11 0 0 Total consumer banking 102 44 3.72 74 39 23 21 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 25 0 0.00 100 8 0 0 Commercial and industrial 47 0 0.00 30 12 0 0 Total commercial lending 72 0 0.00 54 10 0 0 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 72 0 0.00 54 10 0 0 Total $ 272 52 13.21 42 29 8 $ 21 Total Loans (1)(2) Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of (3)(4) Average (5) % of (4)(6) Average (7) % of (4)(8) Gross (9) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 72 100% 12.13% 0 % 0 0% $ 0 International credit card 32 100 25.79 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 104 100 16.39 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 88 41 1.71 71 9 28 22 Home loan 7 67 2.85 66 171 0 0 Retail banking 5 61 9.36 91 4 0 0 Total consumer banking 100 44 2.36 72 20 24 22 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 3 0 0.00 100 35 77 1 Commercial and industrial 21 0 2.02 3 7 0 0 Total commercial lending 24 0 2.02 13 29 8 1 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 24 0 2.02 13 29 8 1 Total $ 228 65 12.19 33 20 12 $ 23 __________ (1) Represents total loans modified and accounted for as TDRs during the period. Paydowns, net charge-offs and any other changes subsequent to the TDR date are not reflected in the recorded investment amount (2) We present the modification types utilized most prevalently across our loan portfolios. As not every modification type is included in the table above, the total % of TDR activity may not add up to 100%. (3) Represents percentage of loans modified and accounted for as TDRs during the period that were granted a reduced interest rate. (4) Due to multiple concessions granted to some troubled borrowers, percentages may total more than 100% for certain loan types. (5) Represents weighted average interest rate reduction for those loans that received an interest rate concession. (6) Represents percentage of loans modified and accounted for as TDRs during the period that were granted a maturity date extension. (7) Represents weighted average change in maturity date for those loans that received a maturity date extension. (8) Represents percentage of loans modified and accounted for as TDRs during the period that were granted forgiveness or forbearance of a portion of their balance. (9) Total amount represents the gross balance forgiven. For loans modified in bankruptcy, the gross balance reduction represents collateral value write-downs associated with the discharge of the borrower’s obligations. TDR—Subsequent Defaults of Completed TDR Modifications The following table presents the type, number and recorded investment amount of loans modified in TDRs that experienced a default during the period and had completed a modification event in the twelve months prior to the default. A default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent, has been charged off as of the end of the period presented or has been reclassified from accrual to nonaccrual status. Table 4.11: TDR — Subsequent Defaults Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Number of Amount Number of Amount Credit Card: Domestic credit card 10,594 $ 18 9,667 $ 16 International credit card (1) 8,813 20 8,548 20 Total credit card 19,407 38 18,215 36 Consumer Banking: Auto 1,852 21 1,747 20 Home loan 10 1 5 0 Retail banking 15 2 10 1 Total consumer banking 1,877 24 1,762 21 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 0 0 0 0 Commercial and industrial 17 23 0 0 Total commercial lending 17 23 0 0 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 17 23 0 0 Total 21,301 $ 85 19,977 $ 57 __________ (1) In the U.K., regulators require the acceptance of payment plan proposals in which the modified payments may be less than the contractual minimum amount. As a result, loans entering long-term TDR payment programs in the U.K. typically continue to age and ultimately charge off even when fully in compliance with the TDR program terms. PCI Loans Outstanding Balance and Carrying Value of PCI Loans The table below presents the outstanding balance and the carrying value of PCI loans as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . The table also displays loans which would have otherwise been considered impaired at acquisition based on our applicable accounting policies. See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” in our 2015 Form 10-K for information related to our accounting policies for impaired loans. Table 4.12: PCI Loans March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Total Impaired Loans Non-Impaired Loans Total Impaired Loans Non-Impaired Loans Outstanding balance $ 20,179 $ 3,704 $ 16,475 $ 21,151 $ 3,840 $ 17,311 Carrying value (1) 18,580 2,537 16,043 19,516 2,629 16,887 __________ (1) Includes $35 million and $37 million of allowance for loan and lease losses for these loans as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. We recorded a $2 million release and $7 million provision of the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, for PCI loans. Changes in Accretable Yield The following table presents changes in the accretable yield on the PCI loans: Table 4.13: Changes in Accretable Yield on PCI Loans (Dollars in millions) Total PCI Loans Impaired Loans Non-Impaired Loans Accretable yield as of December 31, 2015 $ 3,483 $ 1,244 $ 2,239 Accretion recognized in earnings (184 ) (61 ) (123 ) Reclassifications from (to) nonaccretable difference for loans with changing cash flows (1) 5 2 3 Changes in accretable yield for non-credit related changes in expected cash flows (2) 194 16 178 Accretable yield as of March 31, 2016 $ 3,498 $ 1,201 $ 2,297 __________ (1) Represents changes in accretable yield for those loans in pools that are driven primarily by credit performance. (2) Represents changes in accretable yield for those loans in pools that are driven primarily by actual prepayments and changes in estimated prepayments. Unfunded Lending Commitments We manage the potential risk of unfunded lending commitments by limiting the total amount of arrangements, both by individual customer and in total, by monitoring the size and maturity structure of these po |