Loans | NOTE 4—LOANS Loan Portfolio Composition Our loan portfolio consists of loans held for investment, including loans held in our consolidated trusts, and loans held for sale, and is divided into three portfolio segments: credit card, consumer banking and commercial banking. Credit card loans consist of domestic and international credit card loans. Consumer banking loans consist of auto, home and retail banking loans. Commercial banking loans consist of commercial and multifamily real estate, commercial and industrial, and small-ticket commercial real estate loans. Our portfolio of loans held for investment also includes certain consumer and commercial loans acquired through business combinations that were recorded at fair value at acquisition and subsequently accounted for based on cash flows expected to be collected, which are referred to as PCI loans. See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” for additional information on the accounting guidance for these loans. Credit Quality We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to manage and evaluate our exposure to credit risk. Trends in delinquency rates are an indicator, among other considerations, of credit risk within our loan portfolio. The level of nonperforming loans represents another indicator of the potential for future credit losses. Accordingly, key metrics we track and use in evaluating the credit quality of our loan portfolio include delinquency and nonperforming loan rates, as well as net charge-off rates and our internal risk ratings of larger balance commercial loans. The table below presents the composition and an aging analysis of our loans held for investment portfolio as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . The delinquency aging includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 4.1 : Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis December 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days > 90 Days Total Delinquent Loans PCI Loans Total Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card (1) $ 93,279 $ 1,153 $ 846 $ 1,840 $ 3,839 $ 2 $ 97,120 International credit card 8,115 124 72 121 317 0 8,432 Total credit card 101,394 1,277 918 1,961 4,156 2 105,552 Consumer Banking: Auto 44,762 2,041 890 223 3,154 0 47,916 Home loan 6,951 44 20 141 205 14,428 21,584 Retail banking 3,477 22 7 20 49 28 3,554 Total consumer banking 55,190 2,107 917 384 3,408 14,456 73,054 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 26,536 45 0 0 45 28 26,609 Commercial and industrial 38,831 27 84 297 408 585 39,824 Total commercial lending 65,367 72 84 297 453 613 66,433 Small-ticket commercial real estate 473 7 1 2 10 0 483 Total commercial banking 65,840 79 85 299 463 613 66,916 Other loans 56 3 0 5 8 0 64 Total loans (2) $ 222,480 $ 3,466 $ 1,920 $ 2,649 $ 8,035 $ 15,071 $ 245,586 % of Total loans 90.59% 1.41% 0.78% 1.08% 3.27 % 6.14% 100.00 % December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days > 90 Days Total Delinquent Loans PCI Loans Total Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 84,954 $ 906 $ 658 $ 1,421 $ 2,985 $ 0 $ 87,939 International credit card 7,903 110 67 106 283 0 8,186 Total credit card 92,857 1,016 725 1,527 3,268 0 96,125 Consumer Banking: Auto 38,549 1,901 880 219 3,000 0 41,549 Home loan 6,465 41 18 176 235 18,527 25,227 Retail banking 3,514 21 8 20 49 33 3,596 Total consumer banking 48,528 1,963 906 415 3,284 18,560 70,372 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 25,449 34 0 4 38 31 25,518 Commercial and industrial 35,920 51 34 203 288 927 37,135 Total commercial lending 61,369 85 34 207 326 958 62,653 Small-ticket commercial real estate 607 3 1 2 6 0 613 Total commercial banking 61,976 88 35 209 332 958 63,266 Other loans 77 2 2 7 11 0 88 Total loans (1) $ 203,438 $ 3,069 $ 1,668 $ 2,158 $ 6,895 $ 19,518 $ 229,851 % of Total loans 88.51% 1.33% 0.73% 0.94% 3.00 % 8.49% 100.00 % __________ (1) Loans (other than PCI loans) include unearned income, unamortized premiums and discounts, and unamortized deferred fees and costs totaling $558 million and $499 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. We pledge loan collateral at the FHLB to secure borrowing capacity. The outstanding balance of the pledged loans totaled $29.3 billion and $36.9 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. The following table presents the outstanding balance of loans 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest and loans classified as nonperforming as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.2 : 90+ Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans (1) December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 1,840 N/A $ 1,421 N/A International credit card 96 $ 42 79 $ 53 Total credit card 1,936 42 1,500 53 Consumer Banking: Auto 0 223 0 219 Home loan 0 273 0 311 Retail banking 0 31 0 28 Total consumer banking 0 527 0 558 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate $ 0 $ 30 $ 0 $ 7 Commercial and industrial 0 988 5 538 Total commercial lending 0 1,018 5 545 Small-ticket commercial real estate 0 4 0 5 Total commercial banking 0 1,022 5 550 Other loans 0 8 0 9 Total $ 1,936 $ 1,599 $ 1,505 $ 1,170 % of Total loans 0.79% 0.65% 0.65% 0.51% __________ (1) Nonperfor ming loans generally include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status. PCI loans are excluded from loans reported as 90 days or more past due and accruing interest as well as nonperforming loans. See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” for additional information on our policies for nonperforming loans. Credit Card Our credit card loan portfolio is highly diversified across millions of accounts and numerous geographies without significant individual exposure. We therefore generally manage credit risk on a portfolio basis. The risk in our credit card loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates and home values, as well as customer liquidity, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The primary indicators we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our credit card portfolio are delinquency and charge-off trends, including an analysis of loan migration between delinquency categories over time. The table below displays the geographic profile of our credit card loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . We also present net charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.3 : Credit Card Risk Profile by Geographic Region December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Domestic credit card: California $ 11,068 10.5% $ 10,029 10.5% Texas 7,227 6.8 6,344 6.6 New York 7,090 6.7 6,446 6.7 Florida 6,540 6.2 5,712 5.9 Illinois 4,492 4.3 4,121 4.3 Pennsylvania 4,048 3.8 3,764 3.9 Ohio 3,654 3.5 3,371 3.5 New Jersey 3,488 3.3 3,210 3.3 Michigan 3,164 3.0 2,922 3.0 Other 46,349 43.9 42,020 43.8 Total domestic credit card 97,120 92.0 87,939 91.5 International credit card: Canada 5,594 5.3 4,889 5.1 United Kingdom 2,838 2.7 3,297 3.4 Total international credit card 8,432 8.0 8,186 8.5 Total credit card $ 105,552 100.0% $ 96,125 100.0 % __________ (1) P ercentages by geographic region are calculated based on period-end amounts. Table 4.4 : Credit Card Net Charge-Offs Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate (1) Amount Rate Net charge-offs: (1) Domestic credit card $ 3,681 4.16% $ 2,718 3.45% International credit card 272 3.33 200 2.50 Total credit card $ 3,953 4.09 $ 2,918 3.36 __________ (1) Net charge-offs consist of the unpaid principal balance that we determine to be uncollectible, net of recovered amounts. The net charge-off rate is calculated for each loan category by dividing net charge-offs by average balance of loans held for investment for the period. Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rate are impacted periodically by fluctuations in recoveries, including loan sales. Consumer Banking Our consumer banking loan portfolio consists of auto, home and retail banking loans. Similar to our credit card loan portfolio, the risk in our consumer banking loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates, gross domestic product (“GDP”) and home values, as well as customer liquidity, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. Delinquency, nonperforming loans and charge-off trends are key indicators we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our consumer banking loan portfolio. The table below displays the geographic profile of our consumer banking loan portfolio, including PCI loans. We also present the delinquency and nonperforming loan rates of our consumer banking loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , as well as net charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.5 : Consumer Banking Risk Profile by Geographic Region December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Auto: Texas $ 6,304 8.6% $ 5,463 7.8% California 5,448 7.5 4,611 6.5 Florida 3,985 5.5 3,315 4.7 Georgia 2,506 3.4 2,245 3.2 Louisiana 2,159 3.0 1,882 2.7 Illinois 2,065 2.8 1,859 2.6 Ohio 2,017 2.8 1,738 2.5 Other 23,432 32.0 20,436 29.0 Total auto 47,916 65.6 41,549 59.0 Home loan: California 4,993 6.8 5,884 8.4 New York 2,036 2.8 2,171 3.1 Maryland 1,409 1.9 1,539 2.2 Illinois 1,218 1.7 1,490 2.1 Virginia 1,204 1.7 1,354 1.9 New Jersey 1,112 1.5 1,293 1.8 Louisiana 985 1.3 1,146 1.6 Other 8,627 11.8 10,350 14.8 Total home loan 21,584 29.5 25,227 35.9 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (1) Amount % of Total (1) Retail banking: Louisiana $ 1,010 1.4 % $ 1,071 1.5 % New York 941 1.3 921 1.3 Texas 756 1.0 757 1.1 New Jersey 238 0.3 259 0.4 Maryland 190 0.3 180 0.3 Virginia 156 0.2 151 0.2 Other 263 0.4 257 0.3 Total retail banking 3,554 4.9 3,596 5.1 Total consumer banking $ 73,054 100.0% $ 70,372 100.0% __________ (1) Pe rcentages by geographic region are calculated based on period-end amounts. Table 4.6 : Consumer Banking Net Charge-Offs and Nonperforming Loans Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate (1) Amount Rate (1) Net charge-offs: Auto $ 752 1.69% $ 674 1.69% Home loan (2) 14 0.06 9 0.03 Retail banking 54 1.53 48 1.33 Total consumer banking (2) $ 820 1.15 $ 731 1.03 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Amount Rate (3) Amount Rate (3) Nonperforming loans: Auto $ 223 0.47% $ 219 0.53 % Home loan (4) 273 1.26 311 1.23 Retail banking 31 0.86 28 0.77 Total consumer banking (4) $ 527 0.72 $ 558 0.79 __________ (1) The net charge-off rate is calculated for each loan category by dividing net charge-offs by average balance of loans held for investment for the period. (2) Excluding the impact of PCI loans, the net charge-off rates for our home loan and total consumer banking portfolios were 0.20% and 1.49% , respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2016 , compared to 0.13% and 1.45% , respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2015 . (3) Nonperforming loan rates are calculated based on nonperforming loans for each category divided by period-end total loans held for investment for each respective category. (4) Excluding the impact of PCI loans, the nonperforming loan rates for our home loan and total consumer banking portfolios were 3.81% and 0.90% , respectively, as of December 31, 2016 , compared to 4.68% and 1.08% , respectively, as of December 31, 2015 . Home Loan Our home loan portfolio consists of both first-lien and second-lien residential mortgage loans. In evaluating the credit quality and risk of our home loan portfolio, we continually monitor a variety of mortgage loan characteristics that may affect the default experience on this loan portfolio, such as vintage, geographic concentrations, lien priority and product type. Certain loan concentrations have experienced higher delinquency rates as a result of the significant decline in home prices after the peak in 2006 and subsequent rise in unemployment. These loan concentrations include loans originated between 2006 and 2008 in an environment of decreasing home sales, broadly declining home prices and more relaxed underwriting standards. The following table presents the distribution of our home loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , based on selected key risk characteristics. Table 4.7 : Home Loan Risk Profile by Vintage, Geography, Lien Priority and Interest Rate Type December 31, 2016 Loans PCI Loans (1) Total Home Loans (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (2) Amount % of Total (2) Amount % of Total (2) Origination year: (3) < = 2007 $ 2,038 9.4% $ 7,424 34.4% $ 9,462 43.8% 2008 128 0.6 2,260 10.5 2,388 11.1 2009 80 0.4 1,088 5.0 1,168 5.4 2010 82 0.4 1,562 7.2 1,644 7.6 2011 139 0.6 1,683 7.8 1,822 8.4 2012 969 4.5 268 1.2 1,237 5.7 2013 465 2.2 59 0.2 524 2.4 2014 557 2.6 31 0.2 588 2.8 2015 1,024 4.7 30 0.2 1,054 4.9 2016 1,674 7.8 23 0.1 1,697 7.9 Total $ 7,156 33.2% $ 14,428 66.8% $ 21,584 100.0% Geographic concentration: (4) California $ 976 4.5% $ 4,017 18.6% $ 4,993 23.1% New York 1,343 6.2 693 3.2 2,036 9.4 Maryland 585 2.7 824 3.9 1,409 6.6 Illinois 108 0.5 1,110 5.1 1,218 5.6 Virginia 490 2.3 714 3.3 1,204 5.6 New Jersey 379 1.8 733 3.4 1,112 5.2 Louisiana 962 4.5 23 0.1 985 4.6 Florida 159 0.7 772 3.6 931 4.3 Arizona 89 0.4 799 3.7 888 4.1 Texas 725 3.4 98 0.4 823 3.8 Other 1,340 6.2 4,645 21.5 5,985 27.7 Total $ 7,156 33.2% $ 14,428 66.8% $ 21,584 100.0 % Lien type: 1 st lien $ 6,182 28.7% $ 14,159 65.5% $ 20,341 94.2% 2 nd lien 974 4.5 269 1.3 1,243 5.8 Total $ 7,156 33.2% $ 14,428 66.8% $ 21,584 100.0% Interest rate type: Fixed rate $ 3,394 15.8% $ 1,822 8.4% $ 5,216 24.2% Adjustable rate 3,762 17.4 12,606 58.4 16,368 75.8 Total $ 7,156 33.2% $ 14,428 66.8% $ 21,584 100.0% December 31, 2015 Loans PCI Loans (1) Total Home Loans (Dollars in millions) Amount % of Total (2) Amount % of Total (2) Amount % of Total (2) Origination year: (3) < = 2007 $ 2,559 10.1% $ 8,956 35.5% $ 11,515 45.6% 2008 157 0.6 2,866 11.4 3,023 12.0 2009 97 0.4 1,498 5.9 1,595 6.3 2010 97 0.4 2,208 8.8 2,305 9.2 2011 176 0.7 2,476 9.8 2,652 10.5 2012 1,276 5.1 389 1.5 1,665 6.6 2013 557 2.2 71 0.3 628 2.5 2014 680 2.7 31 0.1 711 2.8 2015 1,101 4.4 32 0.1 1,133 4.5 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% Geographic concentration: (4) California $ 871 3.5% $ 5,013 19.9% $ 5,884 23.4% New York 1,295 5.1 876 3.5 2,171 8.6 Maryland 511 2.0 1,028 4.1 1,539 6.1 Illinois 89 0.4 1,401 5.5 1,490 5.9 Virginia 428 1.7 926 3.7 1,354 5.4 New Jersey 353 1.4 940 3.7 1,293 5.1 Louisiana 1,069 4.2 27 0.1 1,096 4.3 Florida 157 0.6 989 3.9 1,146 4.5 Arizona 81 0.4 995 3.9 1,076 4.3 Washington 113 0.4 806 3.2 919 3.6 Other 1,733 6.9 5,526 21.9 7,259 28.8 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0 % Lien type: 1 st lien $ 5,705 22.6% $ 18,207 72.2% $ 23,912 94.8% 2 nd lien 995 4.0 320 1.2 1,315 5.2 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% Interest rate type: Fixed rate $ 2,751 10.9% $ 2,264 9.0% $ 5,015 19.9% Adjustable rate 3,949 15.7 16,263 64.4 20,212 80.1 Total $ 6,700 26.6% $ 18,527 73.4% $ 25,227 100.0% __________ (1) The PCI loan balances with an origination date in the years subsequent to 2012 represent refinancing of previously acquired home loans. (2) Percentages within each risk category are calculated based on period-end amounts. (3) Modified loans are reported in the origination year of the initial borrowing. (4) States listed represent those that have the highest individual concentration of home loans. Our recorded investment in home loans that are in process of foreclosure was $382 million and $474 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. We commence the foreclosure process on home loans when a borrower becomes at least 120 days delinquent in accordance with Consumer Financial Protection Bureau regulations. Foreclosure procedures and timelines vary according to state laws. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , the carrying value of the foreclosed residential real estate properties we hold and report as other assets on our consolidated balance sheets totaled $69 million and $123 million , respectively. Commercial Banking We evaluate the credit risk of commercial loans using a dual risk-rating system. We assign internal risk ratings to loans based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to repay their debt. In determining the risk rating of a particular loan, some of the factors considered are the borrower’s current financial condition, historical and projected future credit performance, prospects for support from financially responsible guarantors, the estimated realizable value of any collateral and current economic trends. The scale based on our internal risk rating system is as follows: • Noncriticized: Loans that have not been designated as criticized, frequently referred to as “pass” loans. • Criticized performing: Loans in which the financial condition of the obligor is stressed, affecting earnings, cash flows or collateral values. The borrower currently has adequate capacity to meet near-term obligations; however, the stress, left unabated, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects at some future date. • Criticized nonperforming: Loans that are not adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as criticized nonperforming have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain a credit loss if the deficiencies are not corrected and are generally placed on nonaccrual status. We use our internal risk rating system for regulatory reporting, determining the frequency of credit exposure reviews, and evaluating and determining the allowance for loan and lease losses for commercial loans. Loans of $1 million or more that are designated as criticized performing and criticized nonperforming are reviewed quarterly by management to determine if they are appropriately classified/rated and whether any impairment exists. Noncriticized loans greater than $1 million are specifically reviewed, at least annually, to determine the appropriate risk rating. In addition, we evaluate the risk rating during the renewal process of any loan or if a loan becomes past due. The following table presents the geographic distribution and internal risk ratings of our commercial loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . Table 4.8 : Commercial Banking Risk Profile by Geographic Region and Internal Risk Rating December 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Commercial and Multifamily Real Estate % of Total (1) Commercial and Industrial % of Total (1) Small-ticket Commercial Real Estate % of Total (1) Total Commercial Banking % of Total (1) Geographic concentration: (2) Northeast $ 15,714 59.0% $ 9,628 24.2% $ 298 61.7% $ 25,640 38.3% Mid-Atlantic 3,024 11.4 3,450 8.7 16 3.3 6,490 9.7 South 4,032 15.2 15,193 38.1 34 7.0 19,259 28.8 Other 3,839 14.4 11,553 29.0 135 28.0 15,527 23.2 Total $ 26,609 100.0% $ 39,824 100.0% $ 483 100.0% $ 66,916 100.0% Internal risk rating: (3) Noncriticized $ 26,309 98.9% $ 36,046 90.5% $ 473 97.9% $ 62,828 93.9% Criticized performing 242 0.9 2,205 5.5 6 1.3 2,453 3.7 Criticized nonperforming 30 0.1 988 2.5 4 0.8 1,022 1.5 PCI loans (4) 28 0.1 585 1.5 0 0.0 613 0.9 Total $ 26,609 100.0% $ 39,824 100.0 % $ 483 100.0% $ 66,916 100.0% December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Commercial and Multifamily Real Estate % of Total (1) Commercial and Industrial % of Total (1) Small-ticket Commercial Real Estate % of Total (1) Total Commercial Banking % of Total (1) Geographic concentration: (2) Northeast $ 15,949 62.5% $ 8,074 21.8% $ 376 61.3% $ 24,399 38.6% Mid-Atlantic 2,797 11.0 3,010 8.1 25 4.1 5,832 9.2 South 4,070 15.9 15,240 41.0 40 6.5 19,350 30.6 Other 2,702 10.6 10,811 29.1 172 28.1 13,685 21.6 Total $ 25,518 100.0% $ 37,135 100.0% $ 613 100.0% $ 63,266 100.0% Internal risk rating: (3) Noncriticized $ 25,130 98.5% $ 34,008 91.6% $ 605 98.7% $ 59,743 94.4% Criticized performing 350 1.4 1,662 4.5 3 0.5 2,015 3.2 Criticized nonperforming 7 0.0 538 1.4 5 0.8 550 0.9 PCI loans (4) 31 0.1 927 2.5 0 0.0 958 1.5 Total $ 25,518 100.0% $ 37,135 100.0% $ 613 100.0% $ 63,266 100.0% __________ (1) Percentages calculated based on total loans held for investment in each respective loan category using period-end amounts. (2) Geographic concentration is generally determined by the location of the borrower’s business or the location of the collateral associated with the loan. Northeast consists of CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, PA and VT. Mid-Atlantic consists of DC, DE, MD, VA and WV. South consists of AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, SC, TN and TX. (3) Criticized exposures correspond to the “Special Mention,” “Substandard” and “Doubtful” asset c ategories defined by banking regulatory authorities. (4) We evaluate PCI loans based on their actual risk ratings. Were these PCI loans classified based on their risk ratings, $346 million and $128 million would have been classified as Noncriticized, $247 million and $793 million as Criticized performing, and $20 million and $37 million as Criticized nonperforming as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Impaired Loans The following table presents information about our impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, which are reported separately as of December 31, 2016 , and 2015 , and for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014: Table 4.9 : Impaired Loans (1) December 31, 2016 (Dollars in millions) With an Allowance Without an Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Net Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 581 $ 0 $ 581 $ 174 $ 407 $ 566 International credit card 134 0 134 65 69 129 Total credit card (2) 715 0 715 239 476 695 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 316 207 523 24 499 807 Home loan 241 117 358 19 339 464 Retail banking 52 10 62 14 48 65 Total consumer banking 609 334 943 57 886 1,336 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 83 29 112 7 105 112 Commercial and industrial 1,249 144 1,393 162 1,231 1,444 Total commercial lending 1,332 173 1,505 169 1,336 1,556 Small-ticket commercial real estate 4 0 4 0 4 4 Total commercial banking 1,336 173 1,509 169 1,340 1,560 Total $ 2,660 $ 507 $ 3,167 $ 465 $ 2,702 $ 3,591 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) With an Allowance Without an Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Net Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 541 $ 0 $ 541 $ 150 $ 391 $ 526 International credit card 125 0 125 59 66 121 Total credit card (2) 666 0 666 209 457 647 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 273 215 488 22 466 772 Home loan 229 136 365 18 347 456 Retail banking 51 10 61 14 47 62 Total consumer banking 553 361 914 54 860 1,290 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 82 3 85 11 74 88 Commercial and industrial 515 278 793 75 718 862 Total commercial lending 597 281 878 86 792 950 Small-ticket commercial real estate 6 0 6 0 6 7 Total commercial banking 603 281 884 86 798 957 Total $ 1,822 $ 642 $ 2,464 $ 349 $ 2,115 $ 2,894 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (Dollars in millions) Average Interest Average Interest Average Interest Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 540 $ 58 $ 539 $ 57 $ 571 $ 58 International credit card 133 10 135 10 160 11 Total credit card (2) 673 68 674 67 731 69 Consumer Banking: Auto (3) 501 86 462 82 387 72 Home loan 361 5 364 4 388 5 Retail banking 62 2 56 2 69 2 Total consumer banking 924 93 882 88 844 79 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 111 3 109 3 175 6 Commercial and industrial 1,215 13 466 5 185 4 Total commercial lending 1,326 16 575 8 360 10 Small-ticket commercial real estate 7 0 7 0 8 0 Total commercial banking 1,333 16 582 8 368 10 Total $ 2,930 $ 177 $ 2,138 $ 163 $ 1,943 $ 158 __________ (1) Impaired loans include loans modified in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), all nonperforming commercial loans and nonperforming home loans with a specific impairment. Impaired loans without an allowance generally represent loans that have been charged down to the fair value of the underlying collateral for which we believe no additional losses have been incurred, or where the fair value of the underlying collateral meets or exceeds the loan’s amortized cost. (2) The period-end and average recorded investments of credit card loans include finance charges and fees. (3) Although assets from loan recovery inventory are not reported in our loans held for investment, they are included as impaired loans above since they are reported as TD Rs. The total recorded investment of loans modified in TDRs represents $2.5 billion and $1.8 billion of the impaired loans presented above as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Consumer TDRs classified as performing totaled $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Commercial TDRs classified as performing totaled $487 million and $334 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in TDRs totaled $208 million and $34 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As part of our loan modification programs to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, we may provide multiple concessions to minimize our economic loss and improve long-term loan performance and collectability. The following tables present the major modification types, recorded investment amounts and financial effects of loans modified in TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014: Table 4.10 : Troubled Debt Restructurings Total Loans (1)(2) Year Ended December 31, 2016 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of (3)(4) Average (5) % of (4)(6) Average (7) % of (4)(8) Gross (9) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 312 100% 13.19% 0% 0 0% $ 0 International credit card 138 100 25.87 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 450 100 17.09 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 356 44 3.91 74 7 25 78 Home loan 48 64 2.25 87 243 2 0 Retail banking 18 23 7.89 68 10 9 1 Total consumer banking 422 46 3.73 75 38 22 79 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 38 0 0.00 67 6 32 3 Commercial and industrial 743 5 0.09 57 20 7 26 Total commercial lending 781 4 0.09 57 19 8 29 Small-ticket commercial real estate 1 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 782 4 0.09 57 19 8 29 Total $ 1,654 41 12.42 46 27 9 $ 108 Total Loans (1)(2) Year Ended December 31, 2015 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of (3)(4) Average (5) % of (4)(6) Average (7) % of (4)(8) Gross (9) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 293 100% 12.28% 0% 0 0% $ 0 International credit card 121 100 25.88 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 414 100 16.26 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 347 41 3.49 69 8 30 93 Home loan 48 61 2.70 79 231 7 0 Retail banking 24 18 6.88 87 6 0 0 Total consumer banking 419 42 3.44 71 36 26 93 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 12 0 0.00 86 14 18 1 Commercial and industrial 249 0 0.67 34 7 0 0 Total commercial lending 261 0 0.67 36 8 1 1 Small-ticket commercial real estate 1 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 262 0 0.67 36 8 1 1 Total $ 1,095 54 12.42 36 29 10 $ 94 Total Loans (1)(2) Year Ended December 31, 2014 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of (3)(4) Average (5) % of TDR Activity (4)(6) Average (7) % of (4)(8) Gross (9) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 269 100% 11.59% 0 % 0 0% $ 0 International credit card 149 100 25.39 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 418 100 16.51 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 334 39 1.38 65 9 34 102 Home loan 35 31 2.60 38 152 5 1 Retail banking 11 10 4.21 67 9 0 0 Total consumer banking 380 37 1.50 63 17 30 103 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 72 35 1.31 93 8 6 2 Commercial and industrial 101 3 1.66 62 9 1 1 Total commercial lending 173 17 1.35 75 9 3 3 Small-ticket commercial real estate 2 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Total commercial banking 175 17 1.35 74 9 3 3 Total $ 973 60 12.17 38 14 12 $ 106 __________ (1) Represents the recorded investment of total loans modified in TDRs at the end of the quarter in which they were modified, excluding an immaterial amount of accrued interest receivable. (2) We present the modification types utilized most prevalently across our loan portfolios. As not every modification type is included in the table above, the total % of TDR activity may not add up to 100%. Some loans may receive more than one type of concession as part of the modification. (3) Represents percentage of loans modified in TDRs during the period that were granted a reduced interest rate. (4) Due to multiple concessions granted to some troubled borrowers, percentages may total more than 100% for certain loan types. (5) Represents weighted average interest rate reduction for those loans that received an interest rate concession. (6) Represents percentage of loans modified in TDRs during the period that were granted a maturity date extension. (7) Represents weighted average change in maturity date for those loans that received a maturity date extension. (8) Represents percentage of loans modified in TDRs during the period that were granted forgiveness or forbearance of a portion of their balance. (9) Represents the gross balance forgiven. For loans modified in bankruptcy, the gross balance reduction represents collateral value write-downs associated with the discharge of the borrower’s obligations. TDR—Subsequent Defaults of Completed TDR Modifications The following table presents the type, number and recorded investment amount of loans modified in TDRs that experienced a default during the period and had completed a modification event in the twelve months prior to the default. A default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent, has been charged off as of the end of the period presented or has been reclassified from accrual to nonaccrual status. Table 4.11 : TDR — Subsequent Defaults Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (Dollars in millions) Number of Amount Number of Amount Number of Amount Credit Card: Domestic credit card 42,250 $ 73 42,808 $ 71 40,814 $ 63 International credit card (1) 40,498 82 33,888 81 38,195 106 Total credit card 82,748 155 76,696 152 79,009 169 Consumer Banking: Auto 8,587 96 8,647 99 6,651 72 Home loan 56 7 14 2 24 5 Retail banking 48 9 26 2 75 10 Total consumer banking 8,691 112 8,687 103 6,750 87 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 1 1 0 0 5 11 Commercial and industrial 150 281 7 19 2 1 Total commercial lending 151 282 7 19 7 12 Small-ticket commercial real estate 7 1 3 0 33 3 Total commercial banking 158 283 10 19 40 15 Total 91,597 $ 550 85,393 $ 274 85,799 $ 271 __________ (1) In the U.K., regulators require the acceptance of payment plan proposals in which the modified payments may be less than the contractual minimum amount. As a result, loans entering long-term TDR payment programs in the U.K. typically continue to age and ultimately charge off even when fully in compliance with the TDR program terms. PCI Loans Outstanding Balance and Carrying Value of PCI Loans The table below presents the outstanding balance and the carrying value of PCI loans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . The table also displays loans which would have otherwise been considered impaired at acquisition based on our applicable accounting policies. See “ Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” for information related to our accounting policies for impaired loans. Table 4.12 : PCI Loans December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Total Impaired Loans Non-Impaired Loans Total Impaired Loans Non-Impaired Loans Outstanding balance $ 16,506 $ 3,272 $ 13,234 $ 21,151 $ 3,840 $ 17,311 Carrying value (1) 15,074 2,263 12,811 19,516 2,629 16,887 __________ (1) Includes $31 million and $37 million of allowance for loan and lease losses for these loans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. We recorded a $6 million release and a $10 million provision for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, for PCI loans. Changes in Accretable Yield The following table presents changes in the accretable yield on the PCI l |