Loans | NOTE 3—LOANS Our loan portfolio consists of loans held for investment, including loans held in our consolidated trusts, and loans held for sale. We further divide our loans held for investment into three portfolio segments: credit card, consumer banking and commercial banking. Credit card loans consist of domestic and international credit card loans. Consumer banking loans consist of auto and retail banking loans. Commercial banking loans consist of commercial and multifamily real estate as well as commercial and industrial loans. The information presented in this section excludes loans held for sale, which are carried at either fair value (if we elect the fair value option) or at the lower of cost or fair value. Amounts include the impacts of COVID-19 customer assistance programs where applicable. Accrued interest receivable of $1.2 billion as of both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, is not included in the tables in this note. The table below presents the composition and aging analysis of our loans held for investment portfolio as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The delinquency aging includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.1: Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis June 30, 2021 Delinquent Loans (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 60-89 > 90 Days Total Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 93,711 $ 525 $ 317 $ 756 $ 1,598 $ 95,309 International card businesses 5,536 67 37 68 172 5,708 Total credit card 99,247 592 354 824 1,770 101,017 Consumer Banking: Auto 69,222 1,717 645 129 2,491 71,713 Retail banking 2,999 21 8 18 47 3,046 Total consumer banking 72,221 1,738 653 147 2,538 74,759 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 29,476 4 23 113 140 29,616 Commercial and industrial 43,924 201 25 55 281 44,205 Total commercial banking 73,400 205 48 168 421 73,821 Total loans (1) $ 244,868 $ 2,535 $ 1,055 $ 1,139 $ 4,729 $ 249,597 % of Total loans 98.11 % 1.01 % 0.42 % 0.46 % 1.89 % 100.00 % December 31, 2020 Delinquent Loans (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 60-89 > 90 Days Total Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 96,116 $ 755 $ 464 $ 1,169 $ 2,388 $ 98,504 International card businesses 8,218 90 58 86 234 8,452 Total credit card 104,334 845 522 1,255 2,622 106,956 Consumer Banking: Auto 62,381 2,252 907 222 3,381 65,762 Retail banking 3,064 28 19 15 62 3,126 Total consumer banking 65,445 2,280 926 237 3,443 68,888 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 30,340 136 22 183 341 30,681 Commercial and industrial 44,941 69 15 74 158 45,099 Total commercial banking 75,281 205 37 257 499 75,780 Total loans (1) $ 245,060 $ 3,330 $ 1,485 $ 1,749 $ 6,564 $ 251,624 % of Total loans 97.39 % 1.32 % 0.59 % 0.70 % 2.61 % 100.00 % __________ (1) Loans include unamortized premiums and discounts, and unamortized deferred fees and costs totaling $1.3 billion The following table presents our loans held for investment that are 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest, loans that are classified as nonperforming and loans that are classified as nonperforming without an allowance as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Nonperforming loans generally include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status. Table 3.2: 90+ Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans (1) Nonperforming > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans (1) Nonperforming Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 756 N/A $ 0 $ 1,169 N/A $ 0 International card businesses 65 $ 12 0 82 $ 21 0 Total credit card 821 12 0 1,251 21 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 0 209 0 0 294 0 Retail banking 0 53 20 0 30 0 Total consumer banking 0 262 20 0 324 0 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 2 301 249 51 200 184 Commercial and industrial 0 458 280 0 450 265 Total commercial banking 2 759 529 51 650 449 Total $ 823 $ 1,033 $ 549 $ 1,302 $ 995 $ 449 % of Total loans held for investment 0.3 % 0.4 % 0.2 % 0.5 % 0.4 % 0.2 % __________ (1) We recognized interest income for loans classified as nonperforming of $3 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $5 million and $11 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Credit Quality Indicators We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to assess and manage our exposure to credit risk. We discuss these risks and our credit quality indicator for each portfolio segment below. Credit Card Our credit card loan portfolio is highly diversified across millions of accounts and numerous geographies without significant individual exposure. We therefore generally manage credit risk based on portfolios with common risk characteristics. The risk in our credit card loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates and home values, as well as consumers’ financial condition, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The key indicator we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our credit card loan portfolio is delinquency trends, including an analysis of loan migration between delinquency categories over time. The table below presents our credit card portfolio by delinquency status as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Table 3.3: Credit Card Delinquency Status June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in millions) Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card: Current $ 93,304 $ 407 $ 93,711 $ 95,629 $ 487 $ 96,116 30-59 days 512 13 525 734 21 755 60-89 days 308 9 317 451 13 464 Greater than 90 days 747 9 756 1,155 14 1,169 Total domestic credit card 94,871 438 95,309 97,969 535 98,504 International card businesses: Current 5,484 52 5,536 8,152 66 8,218 30-59 days 61 6 67 79 11 90 60-89 days 33 4 37 47 11 58 Greater than 90 days 64 4 68 76 10 86 Total international card businesses 5,642 66 5,708 8,354 98 8,452 Total credit card $ 100,513 $ 504 $ 101,017 $ 106,323 $ 633 $ 106,956 Consumer Banking Our consumer banking loan portfolio consists of auto and retail banking loans. Similar to our credit card loan portfolio, the risk in our consumer banking loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates, gross domestic product and home values, as well as consumers’ financial condition, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The key indicator we monitor when assessing the credit quality and risk of our auto loan portfolio is borrower credit scores as they measure the creditworthiness of borrowers. Delinquency trends are the key indicator we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our retail banking loan portfolio. The table below presents our consumer banking portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. We present our auto loan portfolio by FICO scores at origination and our retail banking loan portfolio by delinquency status, which includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.4: Consumer Banking Portfolio by Credit Quality Indicator June 30, 2021 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Auto — At origination FICO scores: (1) Greater than 660 $ 11,276 $ 10,874 $ 6,258 $ 3,396 $ 1,855 $ 683 $ 34,342 $ 0 $ 0 $ 34,342 621-660 4,130 4,752 2,817 1,496 815 326 14,336 0 0 14,336 620 or below 5,536 7,988 4,960 2,509 1,404 638 23,035 0 0 23,035 Total auto 20,942 23,614 14,035 7,401 4,074 1,647 71,713 0 0 71,713 Retail banking—Delinquency status: Current 511 745 210 198 195 597 2,456 535 8 2,999 30-59 days 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 18 0 21 60-89 days 0 0 0 0 1 4 5 3 0 8 Greater than 90 days 0 0 0 1 2 4 7 10 1 18 Total retail banking (2) 511 745 210 199 198 608 2,471 566 9 3,046 Total consumer banking $ 21,453 $ 24,359 $ 14,245 $ 7,600 $ 4,272 $ 2,255 $ 74,184 $ 566 $ 9 $ 74,759 December 31, 2020 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Auto — At origination FICO scores: (1) Greater than 660 $ 13,352 $ 8,091 $ 4,675 $ 2,810 $ 1,168 $ 203 $ 30,299 $ 0 $ 0 $ 30,299 621-660 5,781 3,631 2,003 1,172 488 109 13,184 0 0 13,184 620 or below 9,550 6,298 3,317 1,985 886 243 22,279 0 0 22,279 Total auto 28,683 18,020 9,995 5,967 2,542 555 65,762 0 0 65,762 Retail banking—Delinquency status: Current 1,041 233 206 222 167 537 2,406 651 7 3,064 30-59 days 0 0 7 1 2 2 12 15 1 28 60-89 days 0 0 1 0 5 4 10 8 1 19 Greater than 90 days 0 0 0 1 1 4 6 9 0 15 Total retail banking (2) 1,041 233 214 224 175 547 2,434 683 9 3,126 Total consumer banking $ 29,724 $ 18,253 $ 10,209 $ 6,191 $ 2,717 $ 1,102 $ 68,196 $ 683 $ 9 $ 68,888 __________ (1) Amounts represent period-end loans held for investment in each credit score category. Auto credit scores generally represent average FICO scores obtained from three credit bureaus at the time of application and are not refreshed thereafter. Balances for which no credit score is available or the credit score is invalid are included in the 620 or below category. (2) Includes PPP loans of $1.1 billion and $919 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Commercial Banking The key credit quality indicator for our commercial loan portfolios is our internal risk ratings. We assign internal risk ratings to loans based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to repay their debt. In determining the risk rating of a particular loan, some of the factors considered are the borrower’s current financial condition, historical and projected future credit performance, prospects for support from financially responsible guarantors, the estimated realizable value of any collateral and current economic trends. The scale based on our internal risk rating system is as follows: • Noncriticized: Loans that have not been designated as criticized, frequently referred to as “pass” loans. • Criticized performing: Loans in which the financial condition of the obligor is stressed, affecting earnings, cash flows or collateral values. The borrower currently has adequate capacity to meet near-term obligations; however, the stress, left unabated, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects at some future date. • Criticized nonperforming: Loans that are not adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as criticized nonperforming have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain a credit loss if the deficiencies are not corrected and are generally placed on nonaccrual status. We use our internal risk rating system for regulatory reporting, determining the frequency of credit exposure reviews, and evaluating and determining the allowance for credit losses for commercial loans. Generally, loans that are designated as criticized performing and criticized nonperforming are reviewed quarterly by management to determine if they are appropriately classified/rated and whether any impairment exists. Noncriticized loans are also generally reviewed, at least annually, to determine the appropriate risk rating. In addition, we evaluate the risk rating during the renewal process of any loan or if a loan becomes past due. The following table presents our commercial banking portfolio of loans held for investment by internal risk ratings as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The internal risk rating status includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.5: Commercial Banking Portfolio by Internal Risk Ratings June 30, 2021 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Internal risk rating: (1) Commercial and multifamily real estate Noncriticized $ 1,636 $ 3,437 $ 4,331 $ 2,956 $ 1,025 $ 4,838 $ 18,223 $ 7,983 $ 0 $ 26,206 Criticized performing 156 291 426 381 310 1,459 3,023 61 25 3,109 Criticized nonperforming 0 0 8 29 10 254 301 0 0 301 Total commercial and multifamily real estate 1,792 3,728 4,765 3,366 1,345 6,551 21,547 8,044 25 29,616 Commercial and industrial Noncriticized 4,905 8,160 6,730 3,563 2,305 4,001 29,664 11,596 15 41,275 Criticized performing 87 169 844 275 163 200 1,738 734 0 2,472 Criticized nonperforming 47 62 57 74 29 21 290 168 0 458 Total commercial and industrial 5,039 8,391 7,631 3,912 2,497 4,222 31,692 12,498 15 44,205 Total commercial banking (2) $ 6,831 $ 12,119 $ 12,396 $ 7,278 $ 3,842 $ 10,773 $ 53,239 $ 20,542 $ 40 $ 73,821 December 31, 2020 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Internal risk rating: (1) Commercial and multifamily real estate Noncriticized $ 3,791 $ 4,932 $ 3,232 $ 1,437 $ 1,649 $ 4,904 $ 19,945 $ 7,114 $ 0 $ 27,059 Criticized performing 320 446 515 355 391 1,258 3,285 112 25 3,422 Criticized nonperforming 0 11 30 6 3 150 200 0 0 200 Total commercial and multifamily real estate 4,111 5,389 3,777 1,798 2,043 6,312 23,430 7,226 25 30,681 Commercial and industrial Noncriticized 9,761 7,890 4,043 2,717 1,832 3,034 29,277 11,548 80 40,905 Criticized performing 316 794 521 252 106 215 2,204 1,498 42 3,744 Criticized nonperforming 74 108 25 51 9 0 267 183 0 450 Total commercial and industrial 10,151 8,792 4,589 3,020 1,947 3,249 31,748 13,229 122 45,099 Total commercial banking (2) $ 14,262 $ 14,181 $ 8,366 $ 4,818 $ 3,990 $ 9,561 $ 55,178 $ 20,455 $ 147 $ 75,780 __________ (1) Criticized exposures correspond to the “Special Mention,” “Substandard” and “Doubtful” asset categories defined by bank regulatory authorities. (2) Includes PPP loans of $296 million and $238 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Troubled Debt Restructurings Additional guidance issued by the Federal Banking Agencies and contained in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act provides banking organizations with troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) relief for modifications of current borrowers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In adherence with the guidance, we assessed all loan modifications introduced to current borrowers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic through June 30, 2021, that would have been designated as TDRs under our existing policies, and followed guidance that any such eligible loan modifications made on a temporary and good faith basis are not considered TDRs. We consider the impact of all loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs and those offered in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, when estimating the credit quality of our loan portfolio and establishing allowance levels. For our Commercial Banking customers, enrollment in a customer assistance program is also considered in the assignment of an internal risk rating. Total recorded TDRs were $1.8 billion and $2.1 billion as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. TDRs classified as performing in our credit card and consumer banking loan portfolios totaled $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. TDRs classified as performing in our commercial banking loan portfolio totaled $243 million and $442 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in TDRs totaled $173 million as of both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Loans Modified in TDRs As part of our loan modification programs to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, we may provide multiple concessions to minimize our economic loss and improve long-term loan performance and collectability. The following tables present the major modification types, amortized cost amounts and financial effects of loans modified in TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Table 3.6: Troubled Debt Restructurings Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 33 100 % 16.07 % 0 % 0 International card businesses 27 100 27.45 0 0 Total credit card 60 100 21.22 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 65 39 8.62 91 4 Retail banking 1 0 0.00 100 41 Total consumer banking 66 38 8.62 91 4 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 0 0 0.00 0 0 Commercial and industrial 34 0 0.00 56 17 Total commercial banking 34 0 0.00 56 17 Total $ 160 53 9.38 49 3 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 77 100 % 16.10 % 0 % 0 International card businesses 66 100 27.62 0 0 Total credit card 143 100 21.43 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 180 36 8.87 94 3 Retail banking 1 31 3.77 69 28 Total consumer banking 181 36 8.85 94 3 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 20 0 0.00 100 14 Commercial and industrial 78 0 0.00 38 8 Total commercial banking 98 0 0.00 51 11 Total $ 422 49 8.64 52 3 Total Loans Modified (1) Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) % of TDR Activity (2) Gross Balance Reduction Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 56 100 % 15.41 % 0 % 0 0 % $ 0 International card businesses 28 100 26.56 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 84 100 19.14 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 137 5 4.12 95 3 0 0 Retail banking 1 10 8.37 59 4 0 0 Total consumer banking 138 5 4.19 95 3 0 0 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 9 0 0.00 100 7 0 0 Commercial and industrial 181 0 0.00 52 8 9 7 Total commercial banking 190 0 0.00 55 8 8 7 Total $ 412 22 17.96 57 5 4 $ 7 Total Loans Modified (1) Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) % of TDR Activity (2) Gross Balance Reduction Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 145 100 % 16.05 % 0 % 0 0 % $ 0 International card businesses 79 100 27.05 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 224 100 19.94 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 260 12 3.51 95 4 0 0 Retail banking 4 4 11.42 15 4 0 0 Total consumer banking 264 12 3.55 93 4 0 0 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 28 0 0.00 100 10 0 0 Commercial and industrial 188 0 0.00 50 8 8 7 Total commercial banking 216 0 0.00 57 9 7 7 Total $ 704 36 17.90 52 5 2 $ 7 __________ (1) Represents the amortized cost of total loans modified in TDRs at the end of the period in which they were modified. As not every modification type is included in the table above, the total percentage of TDR activity may not add up to 100%. Some loans may receive more than one type of concession as part of the modification. (2) Due to multiple concessions granted to some troubled borrowers, percentages may total more than 100% for certain loan types. Subsequent Defaults of Completed TDR Modifications The following table presents the type, number and amortized cost of loans modified in TDRs that experienced a default during the period and had completed a modification event in the twelve months prior to the default. A default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent, has been charged off as of the end of the period presented or has been reclassified from accrual to nonaccrual status. Table 3.7: TDRs—Subsequent Defaults Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 (Dollars in millions) Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Credit Card: Domestic credit card 4,226 $ 8 9,582 $ 21 9,360 $ 18 20,468 $ 43 International card businesses 14,827 23 17,508 25 32,029 51 35,365 51 Total credit card 19,053 31 27,090 46 41,389 69 55,833 94 Consumer Banking: Auto 2,271 35 860 11 4,302 64 2,135 27 Retail banking 3 0 3 0 8 0 4 0 Total consumer banking 2,274 35 863 11 4,310 64 2,139 27 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 1 50 0 0 1 50 0 0 Commercial and industrial 6 82 1 21 6 82 7 49 Total commercial banking 7 132 1 21 7 132 7 49 Total 21,334 $ 198 27,954 $ 78 45,706 $ 265 57,979 $ 170 Loans Pledged Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we converted $38 million and $135 million of revolving loans to term loans, respectively, primarily in our domestic credit card and commercial banking loan portfolios. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we converted $89 million and $249 million of revolving loans to term loans, respectively, primarily in our domestic credit card loan portfolio. |