Revenue from Contract with Customer [Policy Text Block] | Revenue from Contracts with Customers In accordance with Topic 606, we account for a customer contract when both parties have approved the contract and are committed to perform their respective obligations, each party’s rights can be identified, payment terms can be identified, the contract has commercial substance, and it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration to which we are entitled. Revenue is recognized when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of a promised product or service to a customer. Nature of Products and Services We generate revenue from the following sources: (1) License revenue; (2) Maintenance revenue; and (3) Services and other revenue. We sell our software products to end users primarily under fixed-term licenses. We license our software products primarily through a subscription offering which we refer to as our aspenONE licensing model, which includes software maintenance and support, known as our Premier Plus SMS offering, for the entire term. Our aspenONE products are organized into three suites: 1) engineering; 2) manufacturing and supply chain; and 3) asset performance management. The aspenONE licensing model provides customers with access to all of the products within the aspenONE suite(s) they license. We refer to these arrangements as token arrangements. Tokens are fixed units of measure. The amount of software usage is limited by the number of tokens purchased by the customer. We also license our software through point product term arrangements, which include our Premier Plus SMS offering for the entire term. We determine revenue recognition through the following steps: • Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; • Identification of the performance obligations in the contract; • Determination of the transaction price; • Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and • Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation. Term-based Arrangements: Term-based arrangements consist of on-premise term licenses as well as maintenance. Term licenses License revenue consists primarily of product and related revenue from our aspenONE licensing model and point product arrangements. When a customer elects to license our products under our aspenONE licensing model, the customer receives, for the term of the arrangement, the right to all software products in the licensed aspenONE software suite. When a customer elects to license point products, the customer receives, for the term of the arrangement, the right to license specified products in the licensed aspenONE software suite. Revenue from initial product licenses is recognized upfront upon delivery. Maintenance When a customer elects to license our products under our aspenONE licensing model, our Premier Plus SMS offering is included for the entire term of the arrangement and the customer receives, for the term of the arrangement, the right to any updates that may be introduced into the licensed aspenONE software suite. When a customer elects to license point products, our Premier Plus SMS offering is included for the entire term of the arrangement and the customer receives, for the term of the arrangement, the right to any updates that may be introduced related to the specified products licensed. Maintenance represents a stand-ready obligation and, due to our obligation to provide unspecified future software updates on a when-and-if available basis as well as telephone support services, we are required to recognize revenue ratably over the term of the arrangement. Services and Other Revenue Professional Services Revenue Professional services are provided to customers on a time-and-materials ("T&M") or fixed-price basis. The obligation to provide professional services is generally satisfied over time, with the customer simultaneously receiving and consuming the benefits as we satisfy our performance obligation. For professional services, revenue is recognized by measuring progress toward the completion of our obligations. We recognize professional services fees for our T&M contracts based upon hours worked and contractually agreed-upon hourly rates. Revenue from fixed-price engagements is recognized using the proportional performance method based on the ratio of costs incurred to the total estimated project costs. The use of the proportional performance method is dependent upon our ability to reliably estimate the costs to complete a project. We use historical experience as a basis for future estimates to complete current projects. Additionally, we believe that costs are the best available measure of performance. Out-of-pocket expenses which are reimbursed by customers are recorded as revenue. Training Revenue We provide training services to our customers, including on-site, Internet-based, public and customized training. The obligation to provide training services is generally satisfied over time, with the customer simultaneously receiving and consuming the benefits as we satisfy our performance obligation. Revenue is recognized in the period in which the services are performed. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Our contracts generally contain more than one of the products and services listed above, each of which is separately accounted for as a distinct performance obligation. Allocation of consideration : We allocate total contract consideration to each distinct performance obligation in an arrangement on a relative standalone selling price basis. The standalone selling price reflects the price we would charge for a specific product or service if it was sold separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. If the arrangement contains professional services and other products or services, we allocate to the professional service obligation a portion of the total contract consideration based on the standalone selling price of professional services that is observed from consistently priced standalone sales. The standalone selling price for term licenses, which are always sold with maintenance, is the price for the combined license and maintenance bundle. The amount assigned to the license and maintenance bundle is separated into license and maintenance amounts using the respective standalone selling prices represented by the value relationship between the software license and maintenance. When two or more contracts are entered into at or near the same time with the same customer, we evaluate the facts and circumstances associated with the negotiation of those contracts. Where the contracts are negotiated as a package, we will account for them as a single arrangement and allocate the consideration for the combined contracts among the performance obligations accordingly. Standalone selling price : When available, we use directly observable transactions to determine the standalone selling prices for performance obligations. Generally, directly observable data is not available for term licenses and maintenance. When term licenses are sold together with maintenance in a bundled arrangement, we estimate a standalone selling price for these distinct performance obligations using relevant information, including our overall pricing objectives and strategies and historical pricing data, and taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, such as customer type and geography. Other policies and judgments Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement of payment annually over the term of the license arrangement. Therefore, we generally receive payment from a customer after the performance obligation related to the license has been satisfied, and therefore, our contracts generally contain a significant financing component. The significant financing component is calculated utilizing an interest rate that derives the net present value of the performance obligations delivered on an upfront basis based on the allocation of consideration. We have instituted a customer portfolio approach in assigning interest rates. The rates are determined at contract inception and are based on the credit characteristics of the customers within each portfolio. Contract modifications We sometimes enter into agreements to modify previously executed contracts, which constitute contract modifications. We assess each of these contract modifications to determine (i) if the additional products and services are distinct from the products and services in the original arrangement; and (ii) if the amount of consideration expected for the added products and services reflects the stand-alone selling price of those products and services, as adjusted for contract-specific circumstances. A contract modification meeting both criteria is accounted for as a separate contract. A contract modification not meeting both criteria is considered a change to the original contract and is accounted for on either (i) a prospective basis as a termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract; or (ii) a cumulative catch-up basis. Generally, our contract modifications meet both criteria and are accounted for as a separate contract, as adjusted for contract-specific circumstances. Disaggregation of Revenue We disaggregate our revenue by region, type of performance obligation, timing of revenue recognition, and segment as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2018 2017 2018 2017 As Adjusted As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands) Revenue by region: United States $ 41,525 $ 35,949 $ 80,753 $ 89,027 Europe 46,471 34,121 75,417 60,539 Other (1) 52,427 35,460 98,422 82,451 $ 140,423 $ 105,530 $ 254,592 $ 232,017 Revenue by type of performance obligation: Term licenses $ 93,368 $ 56,975 $ 157,123 $ 135,865 Maintenance 41,038 40,729 84,077 80,993 Professional services and other 6,017 7,826 13,392 15,159 $ 140,423 $ 105,530 $ 254,592 $ 232,017 Revenue by segment: Subscription and software $ 134,406 $ 97,704 $ 241,200 $ 216,858 Services and other 6,017 7,826 13,392 15,159 $ 140,423 $ 105,530 $ 254,592 $ 232,017 ____________________________________________ (1) Other consists primarily of Asia Pacific, Canada, Latin America and the Middle East. Contract Balances The difference in the opening and closing balances of our contract assets and deferred revenue primarily results from the timing difference between our performance and the customer’s payment. We fulfill our obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring products and services in exchange for consideration from the customer. We recognize a contract asset when we transfer products or services to a customer and the right to consideration is conditional on something other than the passage of time. Accounts receivable are recorded when the customer has been billed or the right to consideration is unconditional. We recognize deferred revenue when we have received consideration or an amount of consideration is due from the customer and we have a future obligation to transfer products or services. Our contract assets (liabilities) were as follows as of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 : December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018 As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands) Contract assets $ 687,716 $ 645,000 Deferred revenue (41,312 ) (27,504 ) $ 646,404 $ 617,496 Contract assets and deferred revenue are presented net at the contract level for each reporting period. The change in deferred revenue in the six months ended December 31, 2018 , excluding the impact of the netting of contract assets and deferred revenue, was primarily due to an increase in new billings in advance of revenue recognition, partially offset by $7.2 million of revenue recognized that was included in deferred revenue at June 30, 2018. Contract Costs We pay commissions for new product sales as well as for renewals of existing contracts. Commissions paid to obtain renewal contracts are not commensurate with the commissions paid for new product sales and therefore, a portion of the commissions paid for new contracts relate to future renewals. We account for new product sales commissions using a portfolio approach and allocate the cost of commissions in proportion to the allocation of transaction price of license and maintenance performance obligations, including assumed renewals. Commissions allocated to the license and license renewal components are expensed at the time the license revenue is recognized. Commissions allocated to maintenance are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of four to eight years for new contracts, reflecting our estimate of the expected period that we will benefit from those commissions. Amortization of capitalized contract costs is included in sales and marketing expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations The following table includes the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated as of December 31, 2018 to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period: Year Ended June 30, 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter (Dollars in Thousands) License $ 30,126 $ 32,680 $ 27,050 $ 9,425 $ 2,423 $ 1,585 Maintenance 82,016 139,991 103,811 68,173 40,263 20,891 Services and other 37,763 7,082 1,408 941 598 196 Impact to Prior Period Information The following table presents the effect of the adoption of Topic 606 on select consolidated statements of operations line items for the three and six months ended December 31, 2017: Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Data) Consolidated Statements of Operations : License revenue $ — $ 56,975 $ 56,975 Maintenance revenue — 40,729 40,729 Subscription and software revenue 117,658 (117,658 ) — Services and other revenue 7,244 582 7,826 Gross profit 112,813 (19,372 ) 93,441 Selling and marketing expense 24,380 (452 ) 23,928 General and administrative expense 14,178 5,440 19,618 Income from operations 54,465 (24,360 ) 30,105 Interest income 40 6,199 6,239 Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 14,928 (112,115 ) (97,187 ) Net income $ 38,078 $ 93,954 $ 132,032 Net income per common share: Basic $ 0.53 $ 1.83 Diluted $ 0.52 $ 1.81 Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic 72,342 72,342 Diluted 73,036 73,036 Six Months Ended December 31, 2017 As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Data) Consolidated Statements of Operations : License revenue $ — $ 135,865 $ 135,865 Maintenance revenue — 80,993 80,993 Subscription and software revenue 233,414 (233,414 ) — Services and other revenue 14,269 890 15,159 Gross profit 222,862 (15,666 ) 207,196 Selling and marketing expense 47,951 (507 ) 47,444 General and administrative expense 27,854 6,801 34,655 Income from operations 107,778 (21,960 ) 85,818 Interest income 181 12,364 12,545 Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 31,805 (109,315 ) (77,510 ) Net income $ 72,833 $ 99,719 $ 172,552 Net income per common share: Basic $ 1.00 $ 2.37 Diluted $ 0.99 $ 2.35 Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic 72,683 72,683 Diluted 73,333 73,333 The following table presents the effect of the adoption of Topic 606 on select consolidated balance sheet line items as of June 30, 2018: June 30, 2018 As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands) Consolidated Balance Sheets : ASSETS Current contract assets $ — $ 304,378 $ 304,378 Contract costs — 20,500 20,500 Accounts receivable, net 21,910 19,900 41,810 Non-current contract assets — 340,622 340,622 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current deferred revenue 286,845 (271,695 ) 15,150 Non-current deferred revenue 28,259 (15,905 ) 12,354 Deferred income taxes — 214,125 214,125 Other non-current liabilities 18,492 (1,424 ) 17,068 Retained earnings $ 305,208 $ 760,299 $ 1,065,507 The adoption of Topic 606 had no impact on our total cash flows or net cash provided by operating activities. The impacts of adoption resulted in offsetting shifts in cash flows throughout the components of net income and various changes in working capital balances. The following table presents the effect of the adoption of Topic 606 on select consolidated statement of cash flows line items for the six months ended December 31, 2017: Six Months Ended December 31, 2017 As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted (Dollars in Thousands) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 72,833 $ 99,719 $ 172,552 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Deferred income taxes 4,296 (95,077 ) (90,781 ) Changes in assets and liabilities: Contract assets — (40,927 ) (40,927 ) Contract costs — (59 ) (59 ) Accounts receivable 3,656 (3,989 ) (333 ) Deferred revenue (41,586 ) 40,333 (1,253 ) Net cash provided by operating activities $ 54,762 $ — $ 54,762 |