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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One) | ||
þ | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | |
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2008 | ||
or | ||
o | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | |
For the Transition Period from to | ||
Commission File Number001-12755 |
Dean Foods Company
(Exact name of the registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 75-2559681 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. employer | |
incorporation or organization) | identification no.) |
2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1200
Dallas, Texas 75201
(214) 303-3400
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of the registrant’s principal executive offices)
Dallas, Texas 75201
(214) 303-3400
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of the registrant’s principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerþ | Accelerated filero | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes o No þ
As of May 2, 2008, the number of shares outstanding of each class of common stock was: 151,943,493
Common Stock, par value $.01
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Part I — Financial Information
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
DEAN FOODS COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 40,976 | $ | 32,555 | ||||
Receivables, net | 848,061 | 913,074 | ||||||
Income tax receivable | 23,371 | 17,885 | ||||||
Inventories | 389,786 | 379,773 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 118,054 | 128,841 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 61,531 | 59,856 | ||||||
Total current assets | 1,481,779 | 1,531,984 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,807,868 | 1,798,378 | ||||||
Goodwill | 3,048,899 | 3,017,746 | ||||||
Identifiable intangible and other assets | 675,535 | 685,248 | ||||||
Total | $ | 7,014,081 | $ | 7,033,356 | ||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 956,904 | $ | 907,270 | ||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 21,067 | 25,246 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 977,971 | 932,516 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 4,791,312 | 5,247,105 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 463,011 | 482,212 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 345,291 | 320,256 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) | ||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
Preferred stock, none issued | — | — | ||||||
Common stock, 151,604,452 and 132,236,217 shares issued and outstanding, with a par value of $0.01 per share | 1,515 | 1,322 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 483,976 | 70,214 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 98,305 | 67,533 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (147,300 | ) | (87,802 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 436,496 | 51,267 | ||||||
Total | $ | 7,014,081 | $ | 7,033,356 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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DEAN FOODS COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Net sales | $ | 3,076,960 | $ | 2,629,749 | ||||
Cost of sales | 2,388,386 | 1,942,474 | ||||||
Gross profit | 688,574 | 687,275 | ||||||
Operating costs and expenses: | ||||||||
Selling and distribution | 438,003 | 415,635 | ||||||
General and administrative | 110,681 | 109,390 | ||||||
Amortization of intangibles | 1,571 | 2,322 | ||||||
Facility closing and reorganization costs | 2,215 | 5,775 | ||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | 552,470 | 533,122 | ||||||
Operating income | 136,104 | 154,153 | ||||||
Other (income) expense: | ||||||||
Interest expense | 83,832 | 52,241 | ||||||
Other (income) expense, net | 619 | 300 | ||||||
Total other expense | 84,451 | 52,541 | ||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 51,653 | 101,612 | ||||||
Income taxes | 20,881 | 38,409 | ||||||
Income from continuing operations | 30,772 | 63,203 | ||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | 617 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 30,772 | $ | 63,820 | ||||
Average common shares: | ||||||||
Basic | 137,883,317 | 128,889,506 | ||||||
Diluted | 143,289,035 | 134,521,467 | ||||||
Basic earnings per common share: | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.49 | ||||
Income from discontinued operations | — | 0.01 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.50 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share: | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.47 | ||||
Income from discontinued operations | — | — | ||||||
Net income | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.47 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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DEAN FOODS COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additional | Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Paid-In | Retained | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | Comprehensive | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Equity | Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2007 | 132,236,217 | $ | 1,322 | $ | 70,214 | $ | 67,533 | $ | (87,802 | ) | $ | 51,267 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | 667,908 | 6 | 5,458 | — | — | 5,464 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense | — | — | 8,491 | — | — | 8,491 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Public offering of equity securities | 18,700,327 | 187 | 399,813 | 400,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 30,772 | — | 30,772 | $ | 30,772 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 8): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net of tax | — | — | — | — | (59,517 | ) | (59,517 | ) | (59,517 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified to income statement related to hedging activities, net of tax | — | — | — | — | (84 | ) | (84 | ) | (84 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Cumulative translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | 103 | 103 | 103 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (28,726 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2008 | 151,604,452 | $ | 1,515 | $ | 483,976 | $ | 98,305 | $ | (147,300 | ) | $ | 436,496 | ||||||||||||||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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DEAN FOODS COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 30,772 | $ | 63,820 | ||||
Income from discontinued operations | — | (617 | ) | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 59,379 | 57,343 | ||||||
Share-based compensation expense | 8,491 | 8,303 | ||||||
(Gain) loss on disposition of assets | (368 | ) | 802 | |||||
Write-down of impaired assets | 649 | 4,760 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 26,709 | 5,756 | ||||||
Other | 25 | (133 | ) | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: | ||||||||
Receivables | 65,256 | 469 | ||||||
Inventories | (7,001 | ) | (17,126 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (945 | ) | 8,681 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (19,220 | ) | 10,650 | |||||
Income taxes payable/receivable | (5,486 | ) | (4,700 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 158,261 | 138,008 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
Payments for property, plant and equipment | (44,759 | ) | (51,781 | ) | ||||
Payments for acquisitions and investments, net of cash received | (51,800 | ) | (125,839 | ) | ||||
Net proceeds from divestitures | — | 10,706 | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | 2,550 | 1,550 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (94,009 | ) | (165,364 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Repayment of debt | (8,995 | ) | (61,075 | ) | ||||
Net proceeds from (payments for) revolver and receivables-backed facility | (452,300 | ) | 71,400 | |||||
Issuance of common stock | 405,464 | 18,026 | ||||||
Tax savings on share-based compensation | — | 5,819 | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (55,831 | ) | 34,170 | |||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 8,421 | 6,814 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 32,555 | 31,140 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 40,976 | $ | 37,954 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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DEAN FOODS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
(Unaudited)
1. | General |
Basis of Presentation — The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Quarterly Report have been prepared on the same basis as the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. In our opinion, we have made all necessary adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) in order to present fairly, in all material respects, our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates and for the periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been omitted. Our results of operations for the period ended March 31, 2008 may not be indicative of our operating results for the full year. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Quarterly Report should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our 2007 Annual Report onForm 10-K (filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2008).
Effective January 1, 2008, we changed our presentation of reportable segments to reflect changes in the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of our operations, develops strategy, and allocates capital resources. Our reporting segments now consist of our DSD Dairy and WhiteWave-Morningstar operations. Included in the WhiteWave-Morningstar segment are the operations previously included in our former WhiteWave reportable segment and our Morningstar operations that were previously included in our former Dairy Group segment. Our historical segment disclosures have been recast to be consistent with our current presentation.
Unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Dean Foods Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements — Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” for financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. SFAS No. 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering assumptions, SFAS No. 157 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
• | Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. | |
• | Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations, in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. | |
• | Level 3 — Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. |
In February 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued staff position No. 157-2 (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 one year for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis. We do not believe the adoption of this delayed provision will have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Most of the provisions of SFAS No. 159 apply only to entities that elect the fair value option. The adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — The FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, “Significant Changes in Acquisition Accounting” in December 2007. SFAS No. 141R contains a number of major changes affecting the allocation of the value of acquired assets and liabilities, including requiring an acquirer to measure the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at their fair values on the acquisition date, with goodwill being the excess value over the net identifiable assets acquired. This standard also requires the fair value measurement of certain other assets and liabilities related to the acquisition such as contingencies and research and development. The provisions of SFAS No. 141R apply only to acquisition transactions completed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating what impact the adoption of this revised standard will have on our future Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. This standard will become effective for us in the first quarter of 2009.
The FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” in December 2007. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary should be reported as equity in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Consolidated net income should include the net income for both the parent and the noncontrolling interest with disclosure of both amounts on the condensed consolidated statement of income. The calculation of earnings per share will continue to be based on income amounts attributable to the parent. We are currently evaluating what impact the adoption of this revised standard will have on our future Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. This statement will become effective for us in the first quarter of 2009.
The FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures About Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” in March 2008. SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities and thereby improves the transparency of financial reporting. We do not believe the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. This standard will become effective for us in the first quarter of 2009.
2. | Acquisitions |
On January 9, 2008, our DSD Dairy segment completed the acquisition of the milk, cottage cheese and sour cream products business of Wells Dairy, Inc. in Le Mars, Iowa. We paid approximately $27 million, including transaction costs. On February 21, 2008, our DSD Dairy segment completed the acquisition of a fluid dairy manufacturing facility in Richmond, Virginia from SUPERVALU INC. We paid approximately $23 million, including transaction costs. These transactions were funded with borrowings under our senior credit facility. We have not completed a final allocation of the purchase price related to these transactions. The pro forma impact of these acquisitions on consolidated net earnings would not have materially changed reported net earnings.
3. | Inventories |
Inventories at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted of the following:
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 170,428 | $ | 172,099 | ||||
Finished goods | 219,358 | 207,674 | ||||||
Total | $ | 389,786 | $ | 379,773 | ||||
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4. | Intangible Assets |
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2008 are as follows:
WhiteWave- | ||||||||||||
DSD Dairy | Morningstar | Total | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | $ | 2,149,233 | $ | 868,513 | $ | 3,017,746 | ||||||
Acquisitions | 29,539 | — | 29,539 | |||||||||
Purchase accounting adjustments | — | 1,614 | 1,614 | |||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2008 | $ | 2,178,772 | $ | 870,127 | $ | 3,048,899 | ||||||
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of our intangible assets other than goodwill as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are as follows:
March 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross | Net | Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Amortization | Amount | Amount | Amortization | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with indefinite lives: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trademarks | $ | 517,753 | $ | — | $ | 517,753 | $ | 517,756 | $ | — | $ | 517,756 | ||||||||||||
Intangible assets with finite lives: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer-related and other | 100,199 | (29,433 | ) | 70,766 | 98,273 | (27,621 | ) | 70,652 | ||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 617,952 | $ | (29,433 | ) | $ | 588,519 | $ | 616,029 | $ | (27,621 | ) | $ | 588,408 | ||||||||||
Amortization expense on intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $1.9 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Estimated aggregate intangible asset amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:
2008 | $ | 7.5 million | ||
2009 | 7.4 million | |||
2010 | 7.3 million | |||
2011 | 5.5 million | |||
2012 | 5.0 million |
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5. | Long-Term Debt |
March 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Amount | Interest | Amount | Interest | |||||||||||||
Outstanding | Rate | Outstanding | Rate | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Dean Foods Company debt obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Senior credit facility | $ | 3,421,900 | 4.32 | % | $ | 3,836,800 | 6.44 | % | ||||||||
Senior notes | 498,296 | 7.00 | 498,258 | 7.00 | ||||||||||||
3,920,196 | 4,335,058 | |||||||||||||||
Subsidiary debt obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Senior notes | 327,032 | 6.625-6.90 | 325,973 | 6.625-6.90 | ||||||||||||
Receivables-backed facility | 558,100 | 3.99 | 600,000 | 6.00 | ||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations and other | 7,051 | 11,320 | ||||||||||||||
892,183 | 937,293 | |||||||||||||||
4,812,379 | 5,272,351 | |||||||||||||||
Less current portion | (21,067 | ) | (25,246 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total long-term portion | $ | 4,791,312 | $ | 5,247,105 | ||||||||||||
Senior Credit Facility — During the three months ended March 31, 2008, our senior credit facility consisted of a combination of a $1.5 billion5-year senior secured revolving credit facility, a $1.5 billion5-year senior secured term loan A, and a $1.8 billion7-year senior secured term loan B. At March 31, 2008, there were outstanding borrowings of $1.5 billion under the senior secured term loan A, $1.78 billion under the senior secured term loan B, and $139.9 million outstanding under the revolving credit facility. Letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $148.0 million were issued but undrawn. At March 31, 2008, approximately $1.21 billion was available for future borrowings under the revolving credit facility, subject to satisfaction of certain ordinary course conditions contained in the credit agreement.
The term loan A is payable in 12 consecutive quarterly installments of:
• | $56.25 million in each of the first eight installments, beginning on June 30, 2009 and ending on March 31, 2011; and | |
• | $262.5 million in each of the next four installments, beginning on June 30, 2011 and ending on April 2, 2012. |
The term loan B will amortize 1% per year, or $4.5 million on a quarterly basis, with any remaining principal balance due at final maturity on April 2, 2014. The revolving credit facility will be available for the issuance of up to $350 million of letters of credit and up to $150 million for swing line loans. No principal payments are due on the $1.5 billion revolving credit facility until maturity on April 2, 2012. The credit agreement also requires mandatory principal prepayments upon the occurrence of certain asset dispositions, recovery events, or as a result of exceeding certain leverage limits.
Under the senior secured credit facility, we are required to maintain certain financial covenants, including, but not limited to, maximum leverage and minimum interest coverage ratios. As of March 31, 2008, we were in compliance with all covenants contained in this agreement. We currently have a maximum permitted leverage ratio of 6.25 times consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA for the prior four consecutive quarters, each as defined under and calculated in accordance with the terms of our senior secured credit facility and our receivables facility. As of March 31, 2008, this leverage ratio was 5.56 times. The maximum permitted leverage ratio under both the senior secured credit facility and the receivables facility will decline to 5.75 times as of December 31, 2008.
Our credit agreement permits us to complete acquisitions that meet all of the following conditions without obtaining prior approval: (1) the acquired company is involved in the manufacture, processing and distribution
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of food or packaging products or any other line of business in which we are currently engaged, (2) the net cash purchase price for any single acquisition is not greater than $500 million, (3) we acquire at least 51% of the acquired entity, (4) the transaction is approved by the board of directors or shareholders, as appropriate, of the target and (5) after giving effect to such acquisition on a pro forma basis, we would be in compliance with all financial covenants. All other acquisitions must be approved in advance by the required lenders.
The senior credit facility contains limitations on liens, investments and the incurrence of additional indebtedness, and prohibits certain dispositions of property and conditionally restricts certain payments, including dividends. The senior credit facility is secured by liens on substantially all of our domestic assets including the assets of our subsidiaries, but excluding the capital stock of subsidiaries of the former Dean Foods Company (“Legacy Dean”), and the real property owned by Legacy Dean and its subsidiaries.
The credit agreement contains standard default triggers, including without limitation: failure to maintain compliance with the financial and other covenants contained in the credit agreement, default on certain of our other debt, a change in control and certain other material adverse changes in our business. The credit agreement does not contain any default triggers based on our credit rating.
Interest on the outstanding balances under the senior credit facility is payable, at our election, at the Alternative Base Rate (as defined in our credit agreement) plus a margin depending on our Leverage Ratio (as defined in our credit agreement) or LIBOR plus a margin depending on our Leverage Ratio. The Applicable Base Rate margin under our revolving credit and term loan A varies from zero to 75 basis points while the Applicable LIBOR Rate margin varies from 62.5 to 175 basis points. The Applicable Base Rate margin under our term loan B varies from 37.5 to 75 basis points while the Applicable LIBOR Rate margin varies from 137.5 to 175 basis points.
In consideration for the revolving commitment, we are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee on unused amounts of the revolving credit facility that ranges from 12.5 to 37.5 basis points, depending on our Leverage Ratio (as defined under our credit agreement dated April 2, 2007).
Dean Foods Company Senior Notes — On May 17, 2006, we issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of 7.0% senior unsecured notes. The senior unsecured notes mature on June 1, 2016 and interest is payable on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning December 1, 2006. The indenture under which we issued the senior unsecured notes does not contain financial covenants but does contain covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur certain indebtedness, enter into sale-leaseback transactions and engage in mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of our assets. The outstanding balance at March 31, 2008 was $498.3 million.
Subsidiary Senior Notes — Legacy Dean had certain senior notes outstanding at the time of its acquisition, of which two remain outstanding. The outstanding notes carry the following interest rates and maturities:
• | $196.3 million ($200 million face value), at 6.625% interest, maturing May 15, 2009; and | |
• | $130.7 million ($150 million face value), at 6.9% interest, maturing October 15, 2017. |
The related indentures do not contain financial covenants but they do contain certain restrictions, including a prohibition against Legacy Dean and its subsidiaries granting liens on certain of their real property interests and a prohibition against Legacy Dean granting liens on the stock of its subsidiaries.
Receivables-Backed Facility — We have a $600 million receivables securitization facility pursuant to which certain of our subsidiaries sell their accounts receivable to three wholly-owned special purpose entities intended to be bankruptcy-remote. The special purpose entities then transfer the receivables to third party asset-backed commercial paper conduits sponsored by major financial institutions. The assets and liabilities of these three special purpose entities are fully reflected on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the securitization is treated as a borrowing for accounting purposes. This facility was amended on March 31, 2008, which extended the liquidity termination date from April 1, 2008 to May 30, 2008. The March 30, 2010 facility termination date remains unchanged. During the first quarter of 2008, we made payments of $41.9 million on this facility leaving a drawn balance of $558.1 million at March 31, 2008. This facility had
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$15.9 million of availability at March 31, 2008. The receivables-backed facility bears interest at a variable rate based on the commercial paper yield as defined in the agreement. The average interest rate on this facility was 3.99% at March 31, 2008. Our ability to re-borrow under this facility is subject to a borrowing base formula.
Subsequent to the end of the quarter, this facility was amended on April 4, 2008, which extended the liquidity termination date 364 days to March 30, 2009. The March 30, 2010 facility termination date remains unchanged. In addition, on April 30, 2008, we amended the facility to reflect the reallocation of commitments among the financial institutions following the assignment of the rights and obligations of one financial institution under the facility to an existing financial institution.
Capital Lease Obligations and Other — Capital lease obligations and other subsidiary debt includes various promissory notes for financing current year property and casualty insurance premiums, as well as the purchase of property, plant and equipment and capital lease obligations. The various promissory notes payable provide for interest at varying rates and are payable in monthly installments of principal and interest until maturity, when the remaining principal balances are due. Capital lease obligations represent machinery and equipment financing obligations, which are payable in monthly installments of principal and interest and are collateralized by the related assets financed.
Interest Rate Agreements — We have interest rate swap agreements in place that have been designated as cash flow hedges against variable interest rate exposure on a portion of our debt, with the objective of minimizing the impact of interest rate fluctuations and stabilizing cash flows. These swap agreements provide hedges for loans under our senior credit facility by fixing the LIBOR interest rates specified in the senior credit facility at the interest rates noted below until the indicated expiration dates of these interest rate swap agreements.
The following table summarizes our various interest rate agreements in effect as of March 31, 2008:
Fixed Interest Rates | Expiration Date | Notional Amounts | ||||
(In millions) | ||||||
4.07% to 4.27% | December 2010 | $ | 450 | |||
4.91%(1) | March 2009-2012 | 2,800 |
(1) | The notional amount of the swap amortizes by $500 million on March 31, 2009, $800 million on March 31, 2010, and $250 million on March 31, 2011 until termination on March 30, 2012. |
The following table summarizes our various interest rate agreements in effect as of December 31, 2007:
Fixed Interest Rates | Expiration Date | Notional Amounts | ||||
(In millions) | ||||||
4.07% to 4.27% | December 2010 | $ | 450 | |||
4.91% | March 2008-2012 | 2,950 |
These swaps are required to be recorded as an asset or liability on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value, with an offset to other comprehensive income to the extent the hedge is effective. Derivative gains and losses included in other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings as the underlying transaction occurs. Any ineffectiveness in our hedges is recorded as an adjustment to interest expense.
As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our derivative liability balances were:
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Current derivative liability | $ | 81,704 | $ | 24,750 | ||||
Long-term derivative liability | 96,981 | 57,278 | ||||||
Total derivative liability | $ | 178,685 | $ | 82,028 | ||||
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In accordance with SFAS No. 157, our derivatives are measured at fair value using direct observable swap rates at commonly quoted intervals for the full term of the swap. Since we only use observable inputs in our valuation of derivative assets and liabilities, they are considered Level 2, as described in Note 1 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Hedge ineffectiveness for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was not material. Interest income (net of taxes) of $84,000 was reclassified to interest expense from other comprehensive income during the three months ended March 31, 2008. We estimate that $51.1 million of net derivative losses (net of taxes) included in other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months. These losses will increase the interest expense recorded on our variable rate debt.
We are exposed to market risk under these arrangements due to the possibility of interest rates on our senior credit facility rising above the rates on our interest rate swap agreements. Credit risk under these arrangements is believed to be remote as the counterparties to our interest rate swap agreements are major financial institutions.
Guarantor Information — On May 17, 2006, we issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of 7.0% senior notes. The senior notes are unsecured obligations and are fully and unconditionally, jointly and severally guaranteed by substantially all of our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiaries other than our receivables securitization subsidiaries.
The following condensed consolidating financial statements present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Dean Foods Company (“Parent”), the subsidiary guarantors of the senior notes and separately the combined results of the subsidiaries that are not a party to the guarantees. The non-guarantor subsidiaries reflect our foreign subsidiary operations in addition to our three receivables securitization subsidiaries. We do not allocate interest expense from the receivables-backed facility to the three receivables securitization subsidiaries. Therefore, the interest costs related to this facility are reflected within the guarantor financial information presented.
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Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Totals | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,036 | $ | 35,775 | $ | 4,165 | $ | — | $ | 40,976 | ||||||||||
Receivables, net | 264 | 5,968 | 841,829 | — | 848,061 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax receivable | 20,889 | 2,482 | — | — | 23,371 | |||||||||||||||
Inventories | — | 389,786 | — | — | 389,786 | |||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables | 1,639,696 | 4,648,815 | 330,022 | (6,618,533 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Other current assets | 98,538 | 80,961 | 86 | — | 179,585 | |||||||||||||||
Total current assets | 1,760,423 | 5,163,787 | 1,176,102 | (6,618,533 | ) | 1,481,779 | ||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 379 | 1,795,670 | 11,819 | — | 1,807,868 | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill | — | 3,048,899 | — | — | 3,048,899 | |||||||||||||||
Identifiable intangible and other assets | 60,861 | 613,614 | 1,060 | — | 675,535 | |||||||||||||||
Investment in subsidiaries | 7,268,399 | — | — | (7,268,399 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 9,090,062 | $ | 10,621,970 | $ | 1,188,981 | $ | (13,886,932 | ) | $ | 7,014,081 | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 125,596 | $ | 831,071 | $ | 237 | $ | — | $ | 956,904 | ||||||||||
Other current liabilities | (2,011 | ) | 1,818 | 193 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany notes | 4,095,926 | 1,971,952 | 550,655 | (6,618,533 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 18,000 | 3,067 | — | — | 21,067 | |||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 4,237,511 | 2,807,908 | 551,085 | (6,618,533 | ) | 977,971 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 3,902,196 | 331,016 | 558,100 | — | 4,791,312 | |||||||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 513,859 | 294,093 | 350 | — | 808,302 | |||||||||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 436,496 | 7,188,953 | 79,446 | (7,268,399 | ) | 436,496 | ||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 9,090,062 | $ | 10,621,970 | $ | 1,188,981 | $ | (13,886,932 | ) | $ | 7,014,081 | |||||||||
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Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Totals | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 601 | $ | 26,557 | $ | 5,397 | $ | — | $ | 32,555 | ||||||||||
Receivables, net | 162 | 14,723 | 898,189 | — | 913,074 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax receivable | 15,504 | 2,381 | — | — | 17,885 | |||||||||||||||
Inventories | — | 379,773 | — | — | 379,773 | |||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables | 1,312,750 | 4,247,006 | 357,341 | (5,917,097 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Other current assets | 109,844 | 78,843 | 10 | — | 188,697 | |||||||||||||||
Total current assets | 1,438,861 | 4,749,283 | 1,260,937 | (5,917,097 | ) | 1,531,984 | ||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 197 | 1,786,063 | 12,118 | — | 1,798,378 | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill | — | 3,017,746 | — | — | 3,017,746 | |||||||||||||||
Identifiable intangible and other assets | 69,971 | 614,218 | 1,059 | — | 685,248 | |||||||||||||||
Investment in subsidiaries | 7,103,613 | — | — | (7,103,613 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 8,612,642 | $ | 10,167,310 | $ | 1,274,114 | $ | (13,020,710 | ) | $ | 7,033,356 | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 62,179 | $ | 844,886 | $ | 205 | $ | — | $ | 907,270 | ||||||||||
Other current liabilities | (232 | ) | 441 | (209 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||||
Intercompany notes | 3,652,553 | 1,670,913 | 593,631 | (5,917,097 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 18,000 | 7,246 | — | — | 25,246 | |||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 3,732,500 | 2,523,486 | 593,627 | (5,917,097 | ) | 932,516 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 4,317,059 | 330,046 | 600,000 | — | 5,247,105 | |||||||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 511,816 | 290,302 | 350 | — | 802,468 | |||||||||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 51,267 | 7,023,476 | 80,137 | (7,103,613 | ) | 51,267 | ||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 8,612,642 | $ | 10,167,310 | $ | 1,274,114 | $ | (13,020,710 | ) | $ | 7,033,356 | |||||||||
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Condensed Consolidating Statements of Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Totals | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | — | $ | 3,072,764 | $ | 4,196 | $ | — | $ | 3,076,960 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | 2,385,063 | 3,323 | — | 2,388,386 | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | 687,701 | 873 | — | 688,574 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and distribution | — | 437,793 | 210 | — | 438,003 | |||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other | 170 | 111,502 | 580 | — | 112,252 | |||||||||||||||
Facility closing, reorganization and other costs | — | 2,215 | — | — | 2,215 | |||||||||||||||
Interest (income) expense | 70,391 | 13,535 | (94 | ) | — | 83,832 | ||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | 571 | (464 | ) | 512 | — | 619 | ||||||||||||||
Income from subsidiaries | (122,785 | ) | — | — | 122,785 | — | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 51,653 | 123,120 | (335 | ) | (122,785 | ) | 51,653 | |||||||||||||
Income taxes | 20,881 | 47,766 | (142 | ) | (47,624 | ) | 20,881 | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 30,772 | $ | 75,354 | $ | (193 | ) | $ | (75,161 | ) | $ | 30,772 | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Totals | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | — | $ | 2,628,457 | $ | 1,292 | $ | — | $ | 2,629,749 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | 1,941,495 | 979 | — | 1,942,474 | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | 686,962 | 313 | — | 687,275 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and distribution | — | 415,495 | 140 | — | 415,635 | |||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other | 1,402 | 109,402 | 908 | — | 111,712 | |||||||||||||||
Facility closing, reorganization and other costs | — | 5,775 | — | — | 5,775 | |||||||||||||||
Interest (income) expense | 33,691 | 18,503 | 47 | — | 52,241 | |||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | 378 | (90 | ) | 12 | — | 300 | ||||||||||||||
Income from subsidiaries | (137,083 | ) | — | — | 137,083 | — | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 101,612 | 137,877 | (794 | ) | (137,083 | ) | 101,612 | |||||||||||||
Income taxes | 38,409 | 52,019 | (306 | ) | (51,713 | ) | 38,409 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | 63,203 | 85,858 | (488 | ) | (85,370 | ) | 63,203 | |||||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | — | 617 | — | 617 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 63,203 | $ | 85,858 | $ | 129 | $ | (85,370 | ) | $ | 63,820 | |||||||||
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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows | ||||||||||||||||
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Totals | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (25,357 | ) | $ | 126,875 | $ | 56,743 | $ | 158,261 | |||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment | — | (44,759 | ) | — | (44,759 | ) | ||||||||||
Payments for acquisitions and investments, net of cash received | (51,800 | ) | — | — | (51,800 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | — | 2,550 | — | 2,550 | ||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (51,800 | ) | (42,209 | ) | — | (94,009 | ) | |||||||||
Net proceeds from (repayment of) debt | (414,900 | ) | (4,495 | ) | (41,900 | ) | (461,295 | ) | ||||||||
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses | 405,464 | — | — | 405,464 | ||||||||||||
Net change in intercompany balances | 87,028 | (70,953 | ) | (16,075 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 77,592 | (75,448 | ) | (57,975 | ) | (55,831 | ) | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 435 | 9,218 | (1,232 | ) | 8,421 | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 601 | 26,557 | 5,397 | 32,555 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 1,036 | $ | 35,775 | $ | 4,165 | $ | 40,976 | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows | ||||||||||||||||
for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Non- | ||||||||||||||||
Guarantor | Guarantor | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Parent | Entities | Subsidiaries | Totals | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 41,955 | $ | 111,309 | $ | (15,256 | ) | $ | 138,008 | |||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment | (262 | ) | (51,431 | ) | (88 | ) | (51,781 | ) | ||||||||
Payments for acquisitions and investments, net of cash received | (125,839 | ) | — | — | (125,839 | ) | ||||||||||
Net proceeds from divestitures | 10,706 | — | — | 10,706 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | — | 1,550 | — | 1,550 | ||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (115,395 | ) | (49,881 | ) | (88 | ) | (165,364 | ) | ||||||||
Net proceeds from (repayment) of debt | 27,250 | (4,825 | ) | (12,100 | ) | 10,325 | ||||||||||
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses | 18,026 | — | — | 18,026 | ||||||||||||
Tax savings on share-based compensation | 5,819 | — | — | 5,819 | ||||||||||||
Net change in intercompany balances | 26,709 | (54,019 | ) | 27,310 | — | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 77,804 | (58,844 | ) | 15,210 | 34,170 | |||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 4,364 | 2,584 | (134 | ) | 6,814 | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 579 | 26,254 | 4,307 | 31,140 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 4,943 | $ | 28,838 | $ | 4,173 | $ | 37,954 | ||||||||
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6. | Common Stock and Share-Based Compensation |
Rights Plan — The rights plan, as disclosed in Note 10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2007 Annual Report on Form10-K, expired pursuant to its terms effective March 18, 2008.
Stock Options — The following table summarizes stock option activity during the first quarter of 2008:
Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Average | Aggregate | ||||||||||||||
Average | Contractual Life | Intrinsic | ||||||||||||||
Options | Exercise Price | (Years) | Value | |||||||||||||
Options outstanding at December 31, 2007 | 22,016,663 | $ | 18.40 | |||||||||||||
Options granted | 2,695,659 | 25.37 | ||||||||||||||
Options canceled or forfeited(1) | (125,190 | ) | 27.15 | |||||||||||||
Options exercised | (495,185 | ) | 13.71 | |||||||||||||
Options outstanding at March 31, 2008 | 24,091,947 | 19.23 | 5.96 | $ | 90,716,713 | |||||||||||
Options exercisable at March 31, 2008 | 17,749,002 | 16.45 | 4.84 | 90,709,084 |
(1) | Pursuant to the terms of our stock option plans, options that are canceled or forfeited become available for future grants. |
During the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, we recognized stock option expense of $5.6 million and $5.1 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Units — The following table summarizes restricted stock unit (“stock units”) activity during the first quarter of 2008:
Employees | Directors | Total | ||||||||||
Stock units outstanding at December 31, 2007 | 1,140,152 | 78,863 | 1,219,015 | |||||||||
Stock units issued | 855,514 | — | 855,514 | |||||||||
Shares issued upon vesting of stock units | (146,395 | ) | — | (146,395 | ) | |||||||
Stock units canceled or forfeited(1) | (93,133 | ) | — | (93,133 | ) | |||||||
Stock units outstanding at March 31, 2008 | 1,756,138 | 78,863 | 1,835,001 | |||||||||
Weighted average grant date fair value | $ | 26.88 | $ | 24.40 | $ | 26.79 |
(1) | Pursuant to the terms of our stock unit plans, employees have the option of forfeiting stock units to cover their minimum statutory tax withholding when shares are issued. Stock units that are canceled or forfeited become available for future grants. |
During the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, we recognized stock unit expense of $2.9 million and $3.2 million, respectively.
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7. | Earnings Per Share |
Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the effect of all dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during each period. The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used in the computations of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”):
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands, except share data) | ||||||||
Basic EPS computation: | ||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 30,772 | $ | 63,203 | ||||
Denominator: | ||||||||
Average common shares | 137,883,317 | 128,889,506 | ||||||
Basic EPS from continuing operations | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.49 | ||||
Diluted EPS computation: | ||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 30,772 | $ | 63,203 | ||||
Denominator: | ||||||||
Average common shares — basic | 137,883,317 | 128,889,506 | ||||||
Stock option conversion(1) | 5,186,544 | 5,406,785 | ||||||
Stock units | 219,174 | 225,176 | ||||||
Average common shares — diluted | 143,289,035 | 134,521,467 | ||||||
Diluted EPS from continuing operations | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.47 | ||||
(1) | Stock option conversion excludes anti-dilutive shares of 9,627,015 and 1,121,578 at March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
8. | Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
The components of comprehensive income (loss) are summarized below.
Pre-Tax | Net | |||||||||||
Income (Loss) | Tax Benefit | Amount | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), December 31, 2007 | $ | (140,943 | ) | $ | 53,141 | $ | (87,802 | ) | ||||
Cumulative translation adjustment arising during period | 103 | — | 103 | |||||||||
Net change in fair value of derivative instruments | (96,533 | ) | 37,016 | (59,517 | ) | |||||||
Amounts reclassified to income statement related to derivatives | (135 | ) | 51 | (84 | ) | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), March 31, 2008 | $ | (237,508 | ) | $ | 90,208 | $ | (147,300 | ) | ||||
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9. | Employee Retirement and Postretirement Benefits |
Defined Benefit Plans — The benefits under our defined benefit plans are based on years of service and employee compensation.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Components of net periodic pension cost: | ||||||||
Service cost | $ | 620 | $ | 675 | ||||
Interest cost | 4,040 | 4,246 | ||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (4,796 | ) | (4,681 | ) | ||||
Amortizations: | ||||||||
Unrecognized transition obligation | 28 | 28 | ||||||
Prior service cost | 222 | 211 | ||||||
Unrecognized net loss | 510 | 719 | ||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 624 | $ | 1,198 | ||||
Postretirement Benefits — Certain of our subsidiaries provide health care benefits to certain retirees who are covered under specific group contracts.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Components of net periodic benefit cost: | ||||||||
Service cost | $ | 380 | $ | 358 | ||||
Interest cost | 426 | 411 | ||||||
Amortizations: | ||||||||
Prior service cost | (17 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
Unrecognized net loss | 155 | 266 | ||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 944 | $ | 1,018 | ||||
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10. | Facility Closing And Reorganization Costs |
We recorded net facility closing and reorganization costs of $2.2 million and $5.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Those costs included the following types of cash and non-cash charges:
• | Workforce reductions as a result of facility closings, facility reorganizations and consolidation of administrative functions; | |
• | Shutdown costs, including those costs necessary to prepare abandoned facilities for closure; | |
• | Costs incurred after shutdown, such as lease obligations or termination costs, utilities and property taxes; | |
• | Costs associated with the centralization of certain finance and transaction processing activities from local to regional facilities; and | |
• | Write-downs of property, plant and equipment and other assets, primarily for asset impairments as a result of the decision to close a facility. The impairments relate primarily to owned buildings, land and equipment at the facilities, which are written down to their estimated fair value and held for sale. |
Approved plans within our multi-year initiatives and related charges are summarized as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Closure of facilities(1) | $ | 2,058 | $ | 3,408 | ||||
Workforce reductions within the DSD Dairy segment resulting from: | ||||||||
Realignment of finance and transaction processing activities(2) | 157 | 191 | ||||||
Management realignment(3) | — | 2,176 | ||||||
Total | $ | 2,215 | $ | 5,775 | ||||
(1) | Charges primarily relate to the closure of our DSD Dairy segment facilities in Denver, Colorado; Union, New Jersey; Detroit, Michigan; and Akron, Ohio. We expect to incur additional charges related to these facility closures of $3.7 million, related to shutdown and other costs. As we continue the evaluation of our supply chain, it is likely that we will close additional facilities in the future. | |
(2) | In 2006, we began the centralization of certain finance and transaction processing activities from local to regional facilities. We have incurred $7.1 million of workforce reduction costs since the inception of this initiative and anticipate incurring $1.4 million of additional costs through the end of 2008. We will continue to evaluate additional opportunities for centralization of activities, which could result in additional charges in the future. | |
(3) | In 2007, we realigned certain management positions within our former Dairy Group segment to facilitate supply-chain focused platforms. This resulted in the elimination of certain regional and corporate office positions, including the former President of the Dairy Group. These positions will not be replaced. Since the inception of this initiative, we have incurred $10.6 million of workforce reduction costs, $3.4 million of which was a non-cash charge resulting from acceleration of vesting on share-based compensation. |
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Activity for the first quarter of 2008 with respect to facility closing and reorganization costs is summarized below and includes items expensed as incurred:
Accrued | Accrued | |||||||||||||||
Charges at | Charges at | |||||||||||||||
December 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||
2007 | Charges | Payments | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash charges: | ||||||||||||||||
Workforce reduction costs | $ | 13,062 | $ | 434 | $ | (4,663 | ) | $ | 8,833 | |||||||
Shutdown costs | 19 | 658 | (673 | ) | 4 | |||||||||||
Lease obligations after shutdown | 43 | 65 | (91 | ) | 17 | |||||||||||
Other | 88 | 416 | (458 | ) | 46 | |||||||||||
Subtotal | $ | 13,212 | 1,573 | $ | (5,885 | ) | $ | 8,900 | ||||||||
Noncash charges: | ||||||||||||||||
Write-down of assets(1) | 642 | |||||||||||||||
Total charges | $ | 2,215 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | The write-down of assets relates primarily to owned buildings, land and equipment of those facilities identified for closure. The assets are written down to their estimated fair value and held for sale. The effect of suspending depreciation on the buildings and equipment related to the closed facilities was not significant. The carrying value of closed facilities at March 31, 2008 was $14.0 million. We are marketing these properties for sale. |
We are currently working through a multi-year initiative to optimize our manufacturing and distribution capabilities. This initiative will have multiple phases as we evaluate and modify historical activities surrounding purchasing, support, and decision-making infrastructure, supply chain, selling organization, brand building, and product innovation. These initiatives will require investments in people, systems, tools, and facilities. As a direct result of these initiatives, over the next several years, we will incur facility closing and reorganization costs including:
• | One-time termination benefits to employees; | |
• | Write-down of operating assets prior to the end of their respective economic useful lives; | |
• | Shutdown costs, including those costs necessary to prepare abandoned facilities for closure; and | |
• | Costs incurred after shutdown, such as lease obligations or termination costs, utilities and property taxes. |
We consider several factors when evaluating a potential facility closure, including, among other things, the impact of such a closure on our customers, the impact on production, distribution and overhead costs, the investment required to complete any such closure, and the impact on future investment decisions. Some facility closures are pursued to improve our operating cost structure, while others enable us to avoid unnecessary capital expenditures, allowing us to more prudently invest our capital expenditure dollars in our production facilities and better serve our customers.
11. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Contingent Obligations Related to Divested Operations — We have divested several businesses in recent years. In each case, we have retained certain known contingent obligations related to those businessesand/or assumed an obligation to indemnify the purchasers of the businesses for certain unknown contingent liabilities, including environmental liabilities. We believe that we have established adequate reserves for potential liabilities and indemnifications related to our divested businesses. Moreover, we do not expect any liability
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that we may have for these retained liabilities, or any indemnification liability, to materially exceed amounts accrued.
Contingent Obligations Related to Milk Supply Arrangements — On December 21, 2001, in connection with our acquisition of Legacy Dean, we purchased Dairy Farmers of America’s (“DFA”) interest in our operations. In connection with that transaction, we entered into two agreements with DFA designed to ensure that DFA has the opportunity to continue to supply raw milk to certain of our facilities, or be paid for the loss of that business. One such agreement is a promissory note with a20-year term that bears interest based on the consumer price index. Interest will not be paid in cash but will be added to the principal amount of the note annually, up to a maximum principal amount of $96 million. We may prepay the note in whole or in part at any time, without penalty. The note will only become payable if we materially breach or terminate one of our milk supply agreements with DFA without renewal or replacement. Otherwise, the note will expire in 2021, without any obligation to pay any portion of the principal or interest. Payments made under the note, if any, would be expensed as incurred. The other agreement would require us to pay damages to DFA if we fail to offer DFA the right to supply milk to certain facilities that we acquired as part of the former Dean Foods after the pre-existing agreements with certain other suppliers or producers expire. We have not breached or terminated any of our milk supply agreements with DFA.
Insurance — We retain selected levels of property and casualty risks, primarily related to employee health care, workers’ compensation claims and other casualty losses. Many of these potential losses are covered under conventional insurance programs with third party carriers with high deductible limits. In other areas, we are self-insured with stop-loss coverages. These deductibles range between $350,000 for medical claims to $2.0 million for casualty claims, but may vary higher or lower due to insurance market conditions and risk. We believe that we have established adequate reserves to cover these claims.
Leases and Purchase Obligations — We lease certain property, plant and equipment used in our operations under both capital and operating lease agreements. Such leases, which are primarily for machinery, equipment and vehicles, have lease terms ranging from one to 20 years. Certain of the operating lease agreements require the payment of additional rentals for maintenance, along with additional rentals based on miles driven or units produced. Certain leases require us to guarantee a minimum value of the leased asset at the end of the lease. Our maximum exposure under those guarantees is not a material amount.
We have entered into various contracts obligating us to purchase minimum quantities of raw materials used in our production processes, including organic soybeans and organic raw milk. We enter into these contracts from time to time to ensure a sufficient supply of raw ingredients. In general, we expect to utilize all quantities under the purchase commitments in the normal course of business. In addition, we have contractual obligations to purchase various services that are part of our production process.
Litigation, Investigations and Audits — We are not party to, nor are our properties the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings, other than set forth below. However, we are party from time to time to certain claims, litigation, audits and investigations. We believe that we have established adequate reserves to satisfy any potential liability we may have under all such claims, litigations, audits and investigations that are currently pending. In our opinion, the settlement of any such currently pending or threatened matter is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We were named, among several defendants, in two purported class action antitrust complaints filed on July 5, 2007. The complaints were filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Columbia Division, and allege generally that we and others in the milk industry worked together to limit the price Southeastern dairy farmers are paid for their raw milk and to deny these farmers access to fluid Grade A milk processing facilities. A third purported class action was filed on August 9, 2007 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. The third complaint was amended on March 28, 2008. The amended complaint alleges generally that we, either acting alone or in conjunction with others in the milk industry, lessened competition in the Southeastern United States for the sale of processed fluid Grade A milk to retail outlets and that the defendants’ conduct also artificially inflated retail prices for direct milk purchasers. Four additional purported class action complaints were filed on August 27, 2007, October 3, 2007, November 15, 2007 and February 13, 2008 in the United States District
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Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. The allegations in these complaints are similar to those in the first and second complaints. On January 7, 2008, a United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ordered the consolidation of all of the pending cases to the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. Motions to dismiss each of these actions are currently pending before the Court. We intend to vigorously defend the actions.
On January 18, 2008, our subsidiary, Kohler Mix Specialties, LLC (“Kohler”), was named as defendant in a civil complaint filed in the Superior Court, Judicial District of Hartford. The plaintiff in the case is the Commissioner of Environmental Protection of the State of Connecticut. The complaint alleges generally that Kohler improperly discharged wastewater in to the waters of the State of Connecticut, and bypassed certain wastewater treatment equipment. The plaintiff is seeking injunctive relief and civil penalties with respect to the claims. We are currently investigating the matter and the claims presented. At this time, it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter.
12. | Segment, Geographic and Customers Information |
We currently have two reportable segments: DSD Dairy and WhiteWave-Morningstar.
Our DSD Dairy segment is our largest segment with over 80 manufacturing facilities operating largely based on local and regional customer and competitor dynamics. It manufactures, markets and distributes more than 50 regional branded and private-label dairy case products, including milk, creamers, ice cream, juices and teas, to retailers, distributors, foodservice outlets, educational institutions, and governmental entities across the United States. Our DSD or “direct store delivery” business is delivered through what we believe to be one of the most extensive refrigerated DSD systems in the United States.
Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment consists of two platforms: WhiteWave and Morningstar. Our WhiteWave platform (“WhiteWave”) manufactures, develops, markets and sells a variety of nationally branded soy, dairy and dairy-related products, such asSilk®soymilk and cultured soy products,Horizon Organic®dairy and other products,International Delight® coffee creamers,LAND O’LAKES® creamers and fluid dairy products andRachel’s Organic® dairy products. Our Morningstar platform (“Morningstar”) is one of the leading U.S. manufacturers of private label cultured and extended shelf life dairy products such as ice cream mix, sour and whipped cream, and cottage cheese. Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment sells its products to a variety of customers, including grocery stores, club stores, natural foods stores, mass merchandisers, convenience stores, drug stores, and foodservice outlets. The majority of the White Wave and Morningstar products are delivered through warehouse delivery systems.
We evaluate the performance of our segments based on sales and operating profit or loss before gains and losses on the sale of businesses, facility closing and reorganization costs and foreign exchange gains and losses. In addition, the expense related to share-based compensation has not been allocated to our segments and is reflected entirely within the caption “Corporate.” Therefore, the measure of segment profit or loss presented below is before such items. Our Chief Executive Officer is our chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of our segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies set forth in Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our 2007 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
Due to changes in our reportable segments as discussed in Note 1 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, segment results for the first quarter of 2007 have been recast to present results on a comparable basis. These changes had no impact on consolidated net sales or operating income.
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The amounts in the following tables are obtained from reports used by our executive management team and do not include any allocated income taxes or management fees. There are no significant non-cash items reported in segment profit or loss other than depreciation and amortization.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Net sales to external customers: | ||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 2,458,476 | $ | 2,100,066 | ||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 618,484 | 529,683 | ||||||
Total | $ | 3,076,960 | $ | 2,629,749 | ||||
Intersegment sales: | ||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 12,478 | $ | 9,356 | ||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 64,898 | 52,745 | ||||||
Total | $ | 77,376 | $ | 62,101 | ||||
Operating income: | ||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 130,908 | $ | 153,650 | ||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 45,392 | 45,178 | ||||||
Total reportable segment operating income | 176,300 | 198,828 | ||||||
Corporate | (37,981 | ) | (38,900 | ) | ||||
Facility closing, reorganization and other costs | (2,215 | ) | (5,775 | ) | ||||
Total | $ | 136,104 | $ | 154,153 | ||||
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 4,998,653 | $ | 4,750,747 | ||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 1,762,301 | 2,010,487 | ||||||
Corporate | 253,127 | 272,122 | ||||||
Total | $ | 7,014,081 | $ | 7,033,356 | ||||
Geographic Information — Less than 1% of our net sales and long-lived assets relate to operations outside of the United States.
Significant Customers — Our DSD Dairy and WhiteWave-Morningstar segments each had a single customer that represented greater than 10% of their net sales in the first quarter of 2008 and 2007. Approximately 18.7% and 18.8% of our consolidated net sales in the first quarter of 2008 and 2007, respectively, were to that same customer.
13. | Subsequent Events |
Subsequent to the end of the quarter we acquired the customer relationships and distribution assets of a fluid dairy facility in Atlanta, Georgia. In addition, we announced the planned closure of a DSD Dairy facility in Kalispell, Montana and a Morningstar facility in Belleville, Pennsylvania. These closures are anticipated to be completed by the end of 2008.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Forward-looking statements are predictions based on our current expectations and our projections about future events, and are not statements of historical fact. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning our business strategy, among other things, including anticipated trends and developments in and management plans for our business and the markets in which we operate. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words, such as “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “plan,” “intend,” “believe,” “forecast,” “foresee,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “goal,” “target,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “predict,” and “continue,” the negative or plural of these words and other comparable terminology. All forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are based upon information available to us as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, and we undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements for any reason. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these statements. These factors include the matters discussed in the section entitled “Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q and “Part I — Item 1A — Risk Factors” in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described under these sections.
Business Overview
We are one of the leading food and beverage companies in the United States. Our DSD Dairy segment is the largest processor and distributor of milk and other dairy products in the country, with products sold under more than 50 familiar local and regional brands and a wide array of private labels. OurWhiteWave-Morningstar segment markets and sells a variety of nationally branded dairy and dairy-related products, such asSilk®soymilk and cultured soy products, Horizon Organic®milk and other dairy products,International Delight® coffee creamers,LAND O’LAKES®creamers and other fluid dairy products. Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment’sRachel’s Organic®dairy products brand is the second largest organic yogurt brand in the United Kingdom. Additionally, our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment markets and sells private label cultured and extended shelf life dairy products through our Morningstar platform.
During 2007, we began aligning our leadership teams and strategy around distinct supply chain and delivery channels. Effective January 1, 2008, consistent with this direction, we disaggregated the former Dairy Group segment into a DSD Dairy fluid and ice cream platform and a Morningstar platform. The Morningstar platform is now a part of our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment.
DSD Dairy — Our DSD Dairy segment is our largest segment, with approximately 80% of our consolidated net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2008. The DSD Dairy segment manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of branded and private label dairy case products, including milk, creamers, ice cream, juices and teas, to retailers, distributors, foodservice outlets, educational institutions, and governmental entities across the United States. Due to the perishable nature of its products, our DSD Dairy segment delivers the majority of its products directly to its customers’ locations in refrigerated trucks or trailers that we own or lease. This form of delivery is called a “direct store delivery” or “DSD” system. We believe that our DSD Dairy segment has one of the most extensive refrigerated DSD systems in the United States. The DSD Dairy segment sells its products primarily on a local or regional basis through its local and regional sales forces, although some national customer relationships are coordinated by the DSD Dairy segment’s corporate sales department. Most of the DSD Dairy segment’s customers, including its largest customer, purchase products from the DSD Dairy segment either by purchase order or pursuant to contracts that are generally terminable at will by the customer.
WhiteWave-Morningstar — Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment net sales are approximately 20% of our consolidated net sales. The WhiteWave-Morningstar segment manufactures, develops, markets and sells a variety of nationally branded soy, dairy and dairy-related products, such asSilksoymilk and cultured soy
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products,Horizon Organicdairy and other products,International Delight coffee creamers,LAND O’LAKEScreamers and fluid dairy products andRachel’s Organicdairy products. Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment also sellsThe Organic Cow®organic dairy products. We license theLAND O’LAKES name from a third party. With the addition of Morningstar, our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment now includes private label cultured and extended shelf life dairy products such as ice cream mix, sour and whipped cream, and cottage cheese. The WhiteWave-Morningstar segment sells its products to a variety of customers, including grocery stores, club stores, natural foods stores, mass merchandisers, convenience stores, drug stores, and foodservice outlets. The WhiteWave-Morningstar segment sells its products through its internal sales force and through independent brokers. The majority of its products, including sales to its largest customer, are sold pursuant to customer purchase orders or pursuant to contracts that are generally terminable at will by the customer.
Recent Developments
Developments Since January 1, 2008
Current Dairy Environment — Rapidly increasing and record high dairy commodity costs created a challenging operating environment throughout 2007. While conventional raw milk prices decreased in the first quarter of 2008 from the levels experienced in the fourth quarter of 2007, they remain significantly higher than prices in the first quarter of the prior year. As a result of this extreme commodity environment, we face unprecedented cost challenges in our DSD Dairy segment operations. As a consequence of higher raw milk costs, we have seen a related increase in shrink costs and reduced profits from excess cream sales. We also are seeing a continuing shift from our branded fluid milk products to private label products resulting in reduced gross profit.
Throughout most of 2007, the industry, including us, experienced an oversupply in organic raw milk. This oversupply led to aggressive discounting within this product category. In the first quarter of 2008, the industry supply began to shift to an undersupply position that has lessened, but not eliminated, the extent of product discounting. The discounting has continued to negatively impact the operating income of ourWhiteWave-Morningstar segment. As supply tightens within the organic dairy category, retail prices are beginning to rise across the industry. At the same time, pay prices to farmers are increasing to reflect the sharp rise in feed and fuel costs experienced by our network of over 400 organic family farmers.
Public Offering of Equity Securities — On March 5, 2008, we issued and sold 18.7 million shares of our common stock, $0.01 par value per share, in a public offering pursuant to a registration statement onForm S-3. We received net proceeds of approximately $400.0 million from the offering. The net proceeds from the offering were used to reduce debt outstanding under the revolving portion of our senior credit facility.
Acquisitions — In the first quarter of 2008, our DSD Dairy segment completed two acquisitions. The aggregate purchase price of these acquisitions was approximately $50 million, including transaction costs. Subsequent to the end of the quarter we acquired the customer relationship and distribution assets of a fluid dairy facility in Atlanta, Georgia. We have noted an increase in potential transaction activity. We attribute this increase in activity in part to the higher commodity prices and tightening of financial markets.
Management Changes — On May 5, 2008, Kelly Duffin-Maxwell joined Dean Foods Company as Executive Vice President, Research & Development. Prior to joining our Company, Ms. Duffin-Maxwell served as Senior Vice President, Breakthrough Innovation for Kraft Foods, Inc. Ms. Duffin-Maxwell will report jointly to Gregg Engles, our Chairman and CEO, and Joe Scalzo, President and CEO, WhiteWave Foods Company and Morningstar Foods.
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Results of Operations
The following table presents certain information concerning our financial results, including information presented as a percentage of net sales.
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Dollars | Percent | Dollars | Percent | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 3,077.0 | 100.0 | % | $ | 2,629.8 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Cost of sales | 2,388.4 | 77.6 | 1,942.5 | 73.9 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit(1) | 688.6 | 22.4 | 687.3 | 26.1 | ||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Selling and distribution | 438.0 | 14.2 | 415.6 | 15.8 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 110.7 | 3.6 | 109.4 | 4.1 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles | 1.6 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||
Facility closing and reorganization costs | 2.2 | 0.1 | 5.8 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | 552.5 | 18.0 | 533.1 | 20.2 | ||||||||||||
Total operating income | $ | 136.1 | 4.4 | % | $ | 154.2 | 5.9 | % | ||||||||
(1) | As disclosed in Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2007 Annual Report on Form10-K, we include certain shipping and handling costs within selling and distribution expense. As a result, our gross profit may not be comparable to other entities that present all shipping and handling costs as a component of cost of sales. |
Quarter Ended March 31, 2008 Compared to Quarter Ended March 31, 2007 — Consolidated Results
Net Sales — Consolidated net sales increased by 17.0% to $3.08 billion in the first quarter of 2008 from $2.63 billion in the first quarter of 2007. Net sales by segment are shown in the table below.
Quarter Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
$ Increase/ | % Increase/ | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | (Decrease) | (Decrease) | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 2,458.5 | $ | 2,100.1 | $ | 358.4 | 17.1 | % | ||||||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 618.5 | 529.7 | 88.8 | 16.8 | % | |||||||||||
Total | $ | 3,077.0 | $ | 2,629.8 | $ | 447.2 | 17.0 | % | ||||||||
The change in net sales was due to the following:
Quarter Ended March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
vs Quarter Ended March 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Pricing, Volume | ||||||||||||
And Product | Total Increase/ | |||||||||||
Acquisitions | Mix Changes | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
DSD Dairy | $ | 28.2 | $ | 330.2 | $ | 358.4 | ||||||
WhiteWave-Morningstar | 19.6 | 69.2 | 88.8 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 47.8 | $ | 399.4 | $ | 447.2 | ||||||
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Net sales increased $447.2 million during the first quarter of 2008 as compared to the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to the pass through of higher conventional milk prices, other commodity and distribution costs, as well as growth in our national brands and Morningstar operations.
Cost of Sales — All expenses incurred to bring a product to completion are included in cost of sales, such as raw material, ingredient and packaging costs; labor costs; and plant and equipment costs, including costs to operate and maintain our coolers and freezers. Cost of sales increased by 23.0% to $2.39 billion in the first quarter of 2008 from $1.94 billion in the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to higher conventional and organic raw milk costs. The higher commodity prices, as well as relative pricing movement between raw skim milk and butterfat, impacted other components of cost of sales including shrink and sale of excess cream. Our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased to 77.6% in the first quarter of 2008 compared to 73.9% in the first quarter of 2007.
Operating Costs and Expenses — Our operating expenses increased $19.4 million, or 3.6% in the first quarter of 2008 as compared to the same period in the prior year. Significant changes to operating costs and expenses include the following:
• | Selling and distribution costs increased $22.4 million due to higher fuel and delivery equipment, insurance, advertising, and utilities expense. | |
• | General and administrative costs increased $1.3 million on higher employee costs, professional fees and infrastructure costs. | |
• | Net facility closing and reorganization costs that were $3.6 million lower than the first quarter of 2007. See Note 10 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our facility closing and reorganization activities. |
Operating Income — For the reasons noted above, operating income during the first quarter of 2008 was $136.1 million, a decrease of $18.1 million from the first quarter of 2007 operating income of $154.2 million. Our operating margin in the first quarter of 2008 was 4.4% compared to 5.9% in the first quarter of 2007.
Other (Income) Expense — Interest expense increased to $83.8 million in the first quarter of 2008 from $52.2 million in the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to higher average debt balances and interest rates. The higher debt balances resulted from the recapitalization of our balance sheet in April 2007 and payment of a special cash dividend.
Income Taxes — Income tax expense was recorded at an effective rate of 40.4% in the first quarter of 2008 compared to 37.8% in the first quarter of 2007. Our effective tax rate varies based on the relative earnings of our business units. During the first quarter of 2008, our income tax rate was unfavorably impacted by changes to certain state tax rates and regulations.
Quarter Ended March 31, 2008 Compared to Quarter Ended March 31, 2007 — Results by Segment
DSD Dairy
The key performance indicators of our DSD Dairy segment are sales volumes, gross profit and operating income.
Quarter Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Dollars | Percent | Dollars | Percent | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 2,458.5 | 100.0 | % | $ | 2,100.1 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Cost of sales | 1,933.8 | 78.7 | 1,560.0 | 74.3 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 524.7 | 21.3 | 540.1 | 25.7 | ||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses | 393.8 | 16.0 | 386.4 | 18.4 | ||||||||||||
Total segment operating income | $ | 130.9 | 5.3 | % | $ | 153.7 | 7.3 | % | ||||||||
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Net Sales — Our DSD Dairy segment’s net sales increased $358.4 million, or 17.1%, in the first quarter of 2008 versus the first quarter of 2007. The change in net sales from the first quarter of 2007 to the first quarter of 2008 was due to the following:
Dollars | Percent | |||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
2007 Net sales | $ | 2,100.1 | ||||||
Acquisitions | 28.2 | 1.3 | % | |||||
Volume | (30.8 | ) | (1.4 | ) | ||||
Pricing and product mix | 361.0 | 17.2 | ||||||
2008 Net sales | $ | 2,458.5 | 17.1 | % | ||||
The increase in the DSD Dairy segment’s net sales was due largely to the pass through of higher conventional milk prices. The DSD Dairy segment generally increases or decreases the prices of its fluid dairy products on a monthly basis in correlation to fluctuations in the costs of raw materials, packaging supplies and delivery costs. However, in some cases, we are competitively or contractually constrained with respect to the meansand/or timing of price increases. This can have a negative impact on the DSD Dairy segment’s profitability. The following table sets forth the average monthly Class I “mover” and its components, as well as the average monthly Class II minimum prices for raw skim milk and butterfat for the first quarter of 2008 compared to the first quarter of 2007:
Quarter Ended March 31* | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||||||
Class I mover(1) | $ | 19.12 | $ | 13.74 | 39 | % | ||||||
Class I raw skim milk mover(1)(2) | 14.84 | 9.45 | 57 | |||||||||
Class I butterfat mover(3)(4) | 1.37 | 1.32 | 4 | |||||||||
Class II raw skim milk minimum(1)(2) | 13.75 | 8.80 | 56 | |||||||||
Class II butterfat minimum(3)(4) | 1.34 | 1.34 | — |
* | The prices noted in this table are not the prices that we actually pay. The federal order minimum prices applicable at any given location for Class I raw skim milk or Class I butterfat are based on the Class I mover prices plus a location differential. Class II prices noted in the table are federal minimum prices, applicable at all locations. Our actual cost also includes producer premiums, procurement costs and other related charges that vary by location and vendor. Please see “Part I — Item 1. Business — Government Regulation — Milk Industry Regulation” in our 2007 Annual Report on Form10-K and “— Known Trends and Uncertainties — Prices of Raw Milk and Other Inputs” below for a more complete description of raw milk pricing. | |
(1) | Prices are per hundredweight. | |
(2) | We process Class I raw skim milk and butterfat into fluid milk products. | |
(3) | Prices are per pound. | |
(4) | We process Class II raw skim milk and butterfat into products such as cottage cheese, creams and creamers, ice cream and sour cream. |
Cost of Sales — All expenses incurred to bring a product to completion are included in cost of sales, such as raw material, ingredient and packaging costs; labor costs; and plant and equipment costs, including costs to operate and maintain our coolers and freezers. Cost of sales increased by $373.8 million or 24.0% to $1.93 billion in the first quarter of 2008 from $1.56 billion in the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to higher conventional raw milk costs, resin and packaging, partially offset by lower conversion costs. The higher commodity prices as well as relative pricing movement between raw skim milk and butterfat resulted and impacted other components of cost of sales including shrink and sale of excess cream. Our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased to 78.7% in the first quarter of 2008 compared to 74.3% in the first quarter of 2007.
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Operating Costs and Expenses — DSD Dairy’s operating costs and expenses increased $7.4 million, or 1.9% to $393.8 million during the first quarter of 2008, compared to $386.4 million during the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to higher distribution costs of $12.3 million driven by higher fuel and delivery equipment expense, partially offset by lower advertising expense of $4.3 million.
Our DSD Dairy segment’s operating expense as a percentage of net sales decreased to 16.0% in the first quarter of 2008 from 18.4% in the first quarter of 2007, primarily due to the increase in sales in response to higher commodity costs that outpaced growth in operating costs and expenses.
WhiteWave-Morningstar
The key performance indicators of our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment are sales volumes, net sales dollars, gross profit and operating income.
Quarter Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Dollars | Percent | Dollars | Percent | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 618.5 | 100.0 | % | $ | 529.7 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Cost of sales | 454.3 | 73.5 | 382.2 | 72.2 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 164.2 | 26.5 | 147.5 | 27.8 | ||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses | 118.8 | 19.2 | 102.3 | 19.3 | ||||||||||||
Total segment operating income | $ | 45.4 | 7.3 | % | $ | 45.2 | 8.5 | % | ||||||||
Net Sales — Our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment’s net sales increased $88.8 million, or 16.8% in the first quarter of 2008 versus the first quarter of 2007. The change in net sales from the first quarter of 2007 to the first quarter of 2008 was due to the following:
Dollars | Percent | |||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
2007 Net sales | $ | 529.7 | ||||||
Acquisitions | 19.6 | 3.7 | % | |||||
Volume | 40.0 | 7.6 | ||||||
Pricing and product mix | 29.2 | 5.5 | ||||||
2008 Net sales | $ | 618.5 | 16.8 | % | ||||
The increase in WhiteWave-Morningstar sales reflects increased volume and pricing primarily due to increased consumer acceptance and more effective marketing of our products. For the first quarter of the year, total net sales for the WhiteWave brands increased 13% to $364 million, with continued strong sales growth across all of our core brands. Net sales of Horizon Organic milk sales increased nearly 30% in the quarter on even higher volume. Silk and International Delight net sales both increased in the low double digits. Land O’Lakes growth was in the high single digits. Morningstar also posted strong sales growth in the quarter, increasing net sales 23% to $255 million, with the benefit of an acquisition completed in March 2007.
In the past, the industry-wide demand for organic raw milk has generally exceeded supply, resulting in our inability to fully meet customer demand. However, in 2006 economic incentives for conventional farmers to begin the transition to organic farming combined with a change in the organic farm transition regulations dramatically increased the growth of supply in 2007. This oversupply led to significant discounting and aggressive distribution expansion by processors in an effort to stimulate incremental demand and sell their supply in the organic milk market. Faced with the potential of losing market share in the organic milk market, we made the strategic decision to defend the long-term value of theHorizon Organicbrand by increasing our price competitiveness and marketing investment behind the brand in 2007. Our efforts were successful in maintaining and expanding our market share. The market for organic milk is currently very dynamic and began to shift back to an undersupply situation during the first quarter of 2008.
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Cost of sales — WhiteWave-Morningstar’s cost of sales increased by $72.1 million or 18.9% to $454.3 million in the first quarter of 2008 from $382.2 million in the first quarter of 2007 primarily driven by higher volumes, but also by higher raw material costs, particularly raw conventional milk and raw organic milk. Our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased to 73.5% in the first quarter of 2008 from 72.2% in the first quarter of 2007.
Operating Costs and Expenses — WhiteWave-Morningstar’s operating costs and expenses increased $16.5 million, or 16.1% to $118.8 million during the first quarter of 2008, compared to the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to higher distribution costs driven by higher volumes and rising fuel costs, higher marketing and advertising, information technology, and employee-related costs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historical Cash Flow
During the first quarter of 2008, we met our working capital needs with cash flow from operations. Net cash provided by operating activities increased $20.3 million to $158.3 million in the first quarter of 2008 compared to $138.0 million for the same period in 2007. The impact of lower net income in the quarter was more than offset by the decrease in working capital requirements due in part to the decline in conventional raw milk in the first quarter of 2008 compared to the fourth quarter of 2007. Net cash flow from operations also benefited from an increase in anticipated deferred income tax benefits.
Net cash used in investing activities was $94.0 million in the first quarter of 2008 compared to $165.4 million in the first quarter of 2007. In the first quarter of 2008, we made approximately $44.8 million in capital expenditures and our DSD Dairy segment completed two acquisitions requiring the use of approximately $50 million in cash. In the first quarter of 2007, we made approximately $51.8 million in capital expenditures and our Morningstar platform acquired Friendship Dairies, requiring the use of approximately $125.8 million in cash.
In the first quarter of 2008 we reduced our debt by approximately $461.3 million with cash generated from operations and an equity offering completed in March 2008. We issued and sold 18.7 million shares of our common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $400.0 million from the offering.
Financial Covenants
Under the senior secured credit facility, we are required to maintain certain financial covenants, including, but not limited to, maximum leverage and minimum interest coverage ratios. As of March 31, 2008, we were in compliance with all covenants contained in this agreement. We currently have a maximum permitted leverage ratio of 6.25 times consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA for the prior four consecutive quarters, each as defined under and calculated in accordance with the terms of our senior secured credit facility and our receivables facility. As of March 31, 2008, this leverage ratio was 5.56 times. The maximum permitted leverage ratio under both the senior secured credit facility and the receivables facility will decline to 5.75 times as of December 31, 2008. We anticipate further reductions of our revolving credit facility over the balance of 2008.
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Contractual Obligations as of March 31, 2008
The table below summarizes our obligations for indebtedness, purchases and lease obligations at March 31, 2008. See Note 5 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our indebtedness.
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indebtedness, Purchase & | 4/1/08- | 4/1/09- | 4/1/10- | 4/1/11- | 4/1/12- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lease Obligations(1) | Total | 3/31/09 | 3/31/10 | 3/31/11 | 3/31/12 | 3/31/13 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior credit facility | $ | 3,421.9 | $ | 18.0 | $ | 243.0 | $ | 243.0 | $ | 805.5 | $ | 420.4 | $ | 1,692.0 | ||||||||||||||
Dean Foods Company senior notes(2) | 500.0 | — | — | — | — | — | 500.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Subsidiary senior notes(2) | 350.0 | — | 200.0 | — | — | — | 150.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Receivables-backed facility | 558.1 | — | 558.1 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations and other | 7.1 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase obligations(3) | 761.5 | 347.0 | 216.8 | 82.3 | 22.9 | 18.8 | 73.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases | 481.9 | 112.3 | 98.1 | 80.9 | 64.4 | 50.6 | 75.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest payments(4) | 1,312.8 | 251.0 | 241.1 | 211.3 | 187.5 | 155.1 | 266.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 7,393.3 | $ | 731.4 | $ | 1,557.7 | $ | 618.1 | $ | 1,080.9 | $ | 645.5 | $ | 2,759.7 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | Excluded from this table are estimated obligations accrued under FIN 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” as the timing of such payments cannot be reasonably determined. Also excluded are future contributions under our company-sponsored defined retirement and other post employee benefit plans. See Note 9 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of our employee retirement and profit sharing plans. | |
(2) | Represents face value. | |
(3) | Primarily represents commitments to purchase minimum quantities of raw materials used in our production processes, including organic soybeans and organic raw milk. We enter into these contracts from time to time in an effort to ensure a sufficient supply of raw ingredients. In addition, we have contractual obligations to purchase various services that are part of our production process. | |
(4) | Includes fixed rate interest obligations, as well as interest on our variable rate debt based on the average rates for the three months ended March 31, 2008, and balances in effect at March 31, 2008. Interest that may be due in the future on the variable rate portion of our senior credit facility and receivables-backed facility will vary based on the interest rate in effect at the time and the borrowings outstanding at the time. |
Other Long-Term Liabilities
We offer pension benefits through various defined benefit pension plans and also offer certain health care and life insurance benefits to eligible employees and their eligible dependents upon the retirement of such employees. Reported costs of providing non-contributory defined pension benefits and other postretirement benefits are dependent upon numerous factors, assumptions and estimates. For example, these costs are impacted by actual employee demographics (including age, compensation levels and employment periods), the level of contributions made to the plan and earnings on plan assets. Our pension plan assets are primarily made up of equity and fixed income investments. Changes made to the provisions of the plan may impact current and future pension costs. Fluctuations in actual equity market returns, as well as changes in general interest rates may result in increased or decreased pension costs in future periods. Pension and postretirement costs also may be significantly affected by changes in key actuarial assumptions, including anticipated rates of return on plan assets and the discount rates used in determining the projected benefit obligation and pension costs.
We expect to contribute approximately $22.5 million to the pension plans and approximately $2.3 million to the postretirement health plans in 2008.
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Other Commitments and Contingencies
On December 21, 2001, in connection with our acquisition of Legacy Dean, we issued a contingent, subordinated promissory note to Dairy Farmers of America (“DFA”) in the original principal amount of $40 million. DFA is our primary supplier of raw milk, and the promissory note is designed to ensure that DFA has the opportunity to continue to supply raw milk to certain of our facilities until 2021, or be paid for the loss of that business. The promissory note has a20-year term and bears interest based on the consumer price index. Interest will not be paid in cash, but will be added to the principal amount of the note annually, up to a maximum principal amount of $96 million. We may prepay the note in whole or in part at any time, without penalty. The note will only become payable if we materially breach or terminate one of our milk supply agreements with DFA without renewal or replacement. Otherwise, the note will expire at the end of 20 years, without any obligation to pay any portion of the principal or interest. Payments we make under this note, if any, will be expensed as incurred. We have not breached or terminated any of our milk supply agreements with DFA.
We also have the following commitments and contingent liabilities, in addition to contingent liabilities related to ordinary course litigation, investigations and audits:
• | Certain indemnification obligations related to businesses that we have divested; | |
• | Certain lease obligations, which require us to guarantee the minimum value of the leased asset at the end of the lease; and | |
• | Selected levels of property and casualty risks, primarily related to employee health care, workers’ compensation claims and other casualty losses. |
See Note 11 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our commitments and contingent obligations.
Future Capital Requirements
During 2008, we intend to invest a total of approximately $250 million in capital expenditures primarily for our existing manufacturing facilities and distribution capabilities. We expect cash interest to be approximately $305 million based on anticipated debt levels and interest rate expectations. Cash interest excludes amortization of deferred financing fees and bond discounts of approximately $10.0 million. The portion of our long-term debt due within the next 12 months totals $21.1 million through March 2009. We expect that cash flow from operations and borrowings under our senior credit facility will be sufficient to meet our future capital requirements for the foreseeable future. At May 2, 2008, approximately $1.28 billion was available under the revolving credit facility, subject to the limitations of our credit agreement.
Known Trends and Uncertainties
Prices of Raw Milk and Other Inputs
DSD Dairy — The primary raw material used in our DSD Dairy segment is raw conventional milk (which contains both raw milk and butterfat). The federal government and certain state governments set minimum prices for raw milk, and those prices are set on a monthly basis. The regulated minimum prices differ based on how the raw milk is utilized. Raw milk processed into fluid milk is priced at the Class I price, and raw milk processed into products such as cottage cheese, creams and creamers, ice cream and sour cream is priced at the Class II price. Generally, we pay the federal minimum prices for raw milk, plus certain producer premiums (or “over-order” premiums) and location differentials. We also incur other raw milk procurement costs in some locations (such as hauling, field personnel, etc.). A change in the federal minimum price does not necessarily mean an identical change in our total raw milk costs, as over-order premiums may increase or decrease. This relationship is different in every region of the country, and sometimes within a region based on supplier arrangements. However, in general, the overall change in our raw milk costs can be linked to the change in federal minimum prices. Because our Class II products typically have a higher fat content than that contained in raw milk, we also purchase bulk cream for use in some of our Class II products. Bulk cream is typically purchased based on a multiple of the AA butter price on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”).
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In general, our DSD Dairy segment changes the prices that it charges for Class I dairy products on a monthly basis, as the costs of raw milk, packaging, fuel and other materials fluctuate. Prices for some Class II products are also changed monthly while others are changed from time to time as circumstances warrant. However, there can be a lag between the timing of a raw material cost increase or decrease and a corresponding price change to our customers, especially in the case of Class II butterfat because Class II butterfat prices for each month are not announced by the government until after the end of that month. Also, in some cases we are competitively or contractually constrained with respect to the implementation of price changes. This can have a negative impact on the DSD Dairy’s profitability and can cause volatility in our earnings. Our sales and operating profit margin fluctuate with the price of our raw materials and other inputs.
In the first quarter of 2008, we experienced significant fluctuations in conventional raw milk prices. There continues to be significant volatility in the pricing of conventional raw milk and we anticipate that volatility to continue throughout 2008. Raw milk, butterfat and cream prices are difficult to predict, and we change our forecasts frequently based on current market activity. The DSD Dairy segment generally has been effective at passing through the changes in the prices of underlying commodities. However, the pass through is not perfect when prices move up steadily over a period of several months.
Our DSD Dairy segment purchases approximately four million gallons of diesel fuel per month to operate its extensive DSD system. Another significant raw material used by our DSD Dairy segment is resin, which is a petroleum-based product used to make plastic bottles. We purchase approximately 27 million pounds of resin and bottles per month. The price of diesel and resin are subject to fluctuations based on changes in crude oil prices. We expect prices of both resin and diesel fuel to fluctuate throughout 2008.
WhiteWave-Morningstar — The primary raw material used in our soy-based products is organic soybeans. Organic soybeans are generally available from several suppliers and we are not dependent on any single supplier for these products. We have entered into supply agreements for organic soybeans, which we believe will meet our needs in 2008. These agreements provide pricing at fixed levels. Consistent with the general economic upward pressure and volatility currently existing in the commodities markets, the cost of organic soybeans continues to rise. If such market conditions persist, the cost of our soybeans could increase substantially in 2009 and could exert pressure on our operating margins.
The primary raw material used in our organic milk-based products is organic raw milk. We currently purchase organic raw milk from a network of over 400 dairy farmers across the United States. We also produce approximately 20% of our own organic raw milk needs in the U.S. at two organic farms that we own and operate and an additional farm that we lease and have contracted with a third party to manage. We generally enter into supply agreements with organic dairy farmers with typical terms of one to two years, which obligate us to purchase certain minimum quantities. In the past, the industry-wide demand for organic raw milk has generally exceeded supply, resulting in our inability to fully meet customer demand. However, due to the recent industry efforts to increase the supply of organic raw milk, in 2007 we experienced a significant oversupply of organic raw milk that increased competitive pressure from both branded and private label participants. The market for organic milk is currently very dynamic and began to shift back to an undersupply situation during the first quarter of 2008.
Competitive Environment
There has been significant consolidation in the retail grocery industry in recent years, and this trend is continuing. As our customer base consolidates, we expect competition to intensify as we compete for the business of fewer customers. There can be no assurance that we will be able to keep our existing customers, or gain new customers. There are several large regional grocery chains that have captive dairy operations. As the consolidation of the grocery industry continues, we could lose sales if any one or more of our existing customers were to be sold to a chain with captive dairy operations.
Many of our retail customers have become increasingly price sensitive in the current intensely competitive environment. Over the past few years, we have been subject to a number of competitive bidding situations in our DSD Dairy segment, which reduced our profitability on sales to several customers. We expect this trend to
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continue. In bidding situations, we are subject to the risk of losing certain customers altogether. The loss of any of our largest customers could have a material adverse impact on our financial results. We do not have contracts with many of our largest customers, and most of the contracts that we do have are generally terminable at will by the customer.
Tax Rate
Income tax expense was recorded at an effective rate of 40.4% in the first quarter of 2008. Our tax rate during the first quarter of 2007 was 37.8%. We estimate that our effective tax rate will be between 39% and 40% for the full year 2008. Changes in the relative profitability of our operating segments, as well as changes to federal and state tax laws, may cause the rate to change from historical rates.
See “Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors” below and “Part I — Item 1A — Risk Factors” in our 2007 Annual Report on Form10-K for a description of various other risks and uncertainties concerning our business.
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Interest Rate Fluctuations
In order to reduce the volatility of earnings that arises from changes in interest rates, we manage interest rate risk through the use of interest rate swap agreements. These swap agreements provide hedges for loans under our senior credit facility by limiting or fixing the LIBOR interest rates specified in the senior credit facility at the interest rates summarized in Note 5 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements until the indicated expiration dates.
We are exposed to market risk under these arrangements due to the possibility of interest rates on our senior credit facility rising above the rates on our interest rate swap agreements. Credit risk under these arrangements is believed to be remote since the counterparties to our interest rate swap agreements are major financial institutions.
A majority of our debt obligations, excluding hedges, are currently at variable rates. We have performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in interest rates. As of March 31, 2008, the analysis indicated that such interest rate movement would not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, actual gains and losses in the future may differ materially from that analysis based on changes in the timing and amount of interest rate movement and our actual exposure and hedges.
Other
We currently do not have material exposure to foreign currency risk as we do not have significant amounts of operating cash flows denominated in foreign currencies.
Butterfat
We utilize a significant amount of butterfat to produce Class II products. This butterfat is acquired through the purchase of raw milk and bulk cream. Butterfat acquired in raw milk is priced based on the Class II butterfat price in federal orders, which is announced near the end of the applicable month. The Class II butterfat price can generally be tied to the pricing of AA butter traded on the CME. The cost of butterfat acquired in bulk cream is typically based on a multiple of the AA butter price on the CME. From time to time, we purchase butter futures and butter inventory in an effort to better manage our butterfat cost in Class II products. Futures contracts are marked to market in accordance with SFAS No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” and physical inventory is valued at the lower of cost or market. We are exposed to market risk under this risk management strategy if the cost of butter falls below the cost that we have agreed to pay in a futures contract or that we actually paid for the physical inventory and we are unable to pass on the difference to our customers. As of March 31, 2008, we had no material physical or financial positions related to butterfat.
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
Controls Evaluation and Related Certifications
We conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (“Disclosure Controls”) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. The controls evaluation was done under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Based upon our most recent controls evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, our Disclosure Controls were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Attached as exhibits to this quarterly report are certifications of the CEO and the CFO, which are required in accordance withRule 13a-14 of the Exchange Act. This Controls and Procedures section includes the information concerning the controls evaluation referred to in the certifications and it should be read in conjunction with the certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II — Other Information
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
We are not party to, nor are our properties the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings, other than as set forth below. However, we are party from time to time to certain claims, litigation, audits and investigations. We believe that we have established adequate reserves to satisfy any potential liability we may have under all such claims, litigations, audits and investigations that are currently pending. In our opinion, the settlement of any such currently pending or threatened matter is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We were named, among several defendants, in two purported class action antitrust complaints filed on July 5, 2007. The complaints were filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Columbia Division, and allege generally that we and others in the milk industry worked together to limit the price Southeastern dairy farmers are paid for their raw milk and to deny these farmers access to fluid Grade A milk processing facilities. A third purported class action was filed on August 9, 2007 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. The third complaint was amended on March 28, 2008. The amended complaint alleges generally that we, either acting alone or in conjunction with others in the milk industry, lessened competition in the Southeastern United States for the sale of processed fluid Grade A milk to retail outlets and that the defendants’ conduct also artificially inflated retail prices for direct milk purchasers. Four additional purported class action complaints were filed on August 27, 2007, October 3, 2007, November 15, 2007 and February 13, 2008 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. The allegations in these complaints are similar to those in the first and second complaints. On January 7, 2008, a United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ordered the consolidation of all of the pending cases to the Eastern District of Tennessee, Greenville Division. Motions to dismiss each of these actions are currently pending before the Court. We intend to vigorously defend the actions.
On January 18, 2008, our subsidiary, Kohler Mix Specialties, LLC (“Kohler”), was named as defendant in a civil complaint filed in the Superior Court, Judicial District of Hartford. The plaintiff in the case is the Commissioner of Environmental Protection of the State of Connecticut. The complaint alleges generally that Kohler improperly discharged wastewater into the waters of the State of Connecticut, and bypassed certain wastewater treatment equipment. The plaintiff is seeking injunctive relief and civil penalties with respect to the claims. We are currently investigating the matter and the claims presented. At this time, it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than as set forth below.
Availability and Changes in Raw Material and Other Input Costs Can Adversely Affect Us
Raw skim milk is the most significant raw material that we use in our DSD Dairy segment. Organic raw milk, organic soybeans and sugar are significant inputs utilized by our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment. The prices of these materials increase and decrease based on supply and demand, and in some cases, governmental regulation. Weather also affects the availability and pricing of these inputs. In many cases we are able to adjust our pricing to reflect changes in raw material costs. Volatility in the cost of our raw materials can adversely affect our performance as price changes often lag changes in costs. These lags tend to erode our profit margins. Furthermore, cost increases may exceed the price increases we are able to pass along to our customers. Extremely high raw material costs also can put downward pressure on our margins and our volumes. In 2007, we experienced rapidly rising and all time-high prices in conventional raw milk prices, and in the first quarter of 2008, we experienced significant fluctuations in conventional raw milk prices. There continues to be significant volatility in the pricing of conventional raw milk and we anticipate that volatility to continue throughout 2008.
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In the past, the industry-wide demand for organic raw milk has generally exceeded supply, resulting in our inability to fully meet customer demand. However, in 2006 economic incentives for conventional farmers to begin the transition to organic farming combined with a change in the organic farm transition regulations dramatically increased the growth of supply in 2007. This oversupply led to significant discounting and aggressive distribution expansion by processors in an effort to stimulate incremental demand and sell their supply in the organic milk market. The market for organic raw milk is currently very dynamic and began to shift back to an undersupply situation during the first quarter of 2008 with some farmers switching back to conventional due to high feed costs and the currently attractive prices being paid for conventional milk. Uncertainties surrounding organic milk supply, increased costs associated with organic farming, and competitive pressures could continue to negatively impact the profitability of our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment.
Because our DSD Dairy segment delivers the majority of its products directly to customers through its “direct store delivery” system, we are a large consumer of fuel. Similarly, our WhiteWave-Morningstar segment is impacted by the costs of petroleum-based products through the use of common carriers in delivering their products. We utilize a significant amount of resin, which is the primary component used in our plastic bottles. Resin supplies have from time to time been insufficient to meet demand. Increases in fuel and resin prices can adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, a disruption in our ability to secure an adequate resin supply could adversely affect our operations.
Consistent with the general economic upward pressure and volatility currently existing in the commodities markets, the cost of organic soybeans continues to rise. If such market conditions persist, the cost of our soybeans could increase substantially in 2009 and could exert pressure on our operating margins.
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Item 6. | Exhibits |
(a) Exhibits
*10 | .1 | Dean Foods Company Corporate 2008Short-Term Incentive Plan, which is filed herewith. | ||
*10 | .2 | Dean Foods Company DSD Platform 2008Short-Term Incentive Plan, which is filed herewith. | ||
*10 | .3 | Dean Foods Company WhiteWave Platform 2008Short-Term Incentive Plan, which is filed herewith. | ||
*10 | .4 | Dean Foods Company Morningstar Platform 2008Short-Term Incentive Plan, which is filed herewith. | ||
*10 | .5 | Dean Foods Company Innovation Group 2008Short-Term Incentive Plan, which is filed herewith. | ||
*10 | .6 | Employment Agreement dated April 9, 2008 between us and KellyDuffin-Maxwell, which is filed herewith. | ||
31 | .1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which is filed herewith. | ||
31 | .2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which is filed herewith. | ||
32 | .1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which is filed herewith. | ||
32 | .2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which is filed herewith. | ||
99 | Supplemental Financial Information for Dean Holding Company, which is filed herewith. |
* | This exhibit is a management or compensatory agreement. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
DEAN FOODS COMPANY
/s/ Ronald L. McCrummen |
Ronald L. McCrummen
Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
May 12, 2008
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