Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005 |
OR
o | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
Commission File Number: 000-25120
RSA Security Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware | 04-2916506 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer | |
Incorporation or Organization) | Identification No.) |
174 Middlesex Turnpike
Bedford, Massachusetts 01730
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Bedford, Massachusetts 01730
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (781) 515-5000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days Yesþ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yesþ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yeso No þ
As of October 31, 2005, there were outstanding 70,967,968 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share.
RSA SECURITY INC.
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2005
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
RSA SECURITY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 81,084 | $ | 68,210 | ||||
Marketable securities | 221,605 | 221,509 | ||||||
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,625 in 2005 and $1,672 in 2004) | 47,257 | 53,494 | ||||||
Inventory | 3,954 | 3,465 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 10,191 | 14,307 | ||||||
Total current assets | 364,091 | 360,985 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 67,818 | 70,700 | ||||||
Other assets | ||||||||
Deferred taxes | 8,222 | 8,222 | ||||||
Intangible and other assets | 17,058 | 12,184 | ||||||
Goodwill | 172,736 | 172,736 | ||||||
Total other assets | 198,016 | 193,142 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 629,925 | $ | 624,827 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | $ | 47,421 | $ | 48,911 | ||||
Current portion of accrued restructurings | 4,977 | 6,031 | ||||||
Income taxes accrued and payable | 21,849 | 22,479 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 42,190 | 45,010 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 116,437 | 122,431 | ||||||
Accrued restructurings, long-term | 11,018 | 13,682 | ||||||
Deferred revenue, long-term | 6,656 | 6,125 | ||||||
Other | 6,662 | 6,057 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 140,773 | 148,295 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized, 300,000,000 shares; issued, 71,786,757 and 71,567,587 shares in 2005 and 2004, respectively; outstanding, 70,967,355 and 71,567,587 shares in 2005 and 2004, respectively | 718 | 716 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 115,343 | 119,527 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 384,095 | 353,343 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost; 819,402 shares in 2005 and zero shares in 2004 | (9,996 | ) | — | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | (1,008 | ) | 2,946 | |||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 489,152 | 476,532 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 629,925 | $ | 624,827 | ||||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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RSA SECURITY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Revenue | ||||||||||||||||
Products | $ | 53,774 | $ | 57,776 | $ | 163,175 | $ | 169,430 | ||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 22,463 | 18,955 | 65,208 | 54,846 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue | 76,237 | 76,731 | 228,383 | 224,276 | ||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | ||||||||||||||||
Products | 9,663 | 7,983 | 28,243 | 24,047 | ||||||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 6,462 | 5,843 | 18,945 | 17,068 | ||||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 16,125 | 13,826 | 47,188 | 41,115 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 60,112 | 62,905 | 181,195 | 183,161 | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Research and development | 15,990 | 15,934 | 47,459 | 46,120 | ||||||||||||
Marketing and selling | 27,753 | 26,946 | 85,197 | 80,169 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 7,733 | 8,388 | 24,079 | 22,556 | ||||||||||||
Restructurings | — | — | — | 1,601 | ||||||||||||
Total | 51,476 | 51,268 | 156,735 | 150,446 | ||||||||||||
Income from operations | 8,636 | 11,637 | 24,460 | 32,715 | ||||||||||||
Interest income (expense) and other, net | 3,145 | (935 | ) | 7,434 | (3,903 | ) | ||||||||||
Income from investing activities | — | 354 | — | 284 | ||||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 11,781 | 11,056 | 31,894 | 29,096 | ||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (3,282 | ) | 2,315 | 1,142 | 5,924 | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 15,063 | $ | 8,741 | $ | 30,752 | $ | 23,172 | ||||||||
Basic earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||
Per share amount | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.37 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares | 70,830 | 63,857 | 71,066 | 62,467 | ||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||
Per share amount | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.35 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares | 70,830 | 63,857 | 71,066 | 62,467 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive equity instruments | 1,872 | 3,970 | 2,183 | 4,272 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted weighted average shares | 72,702 | 67,827 | 73,249 | 66,739 | ||||||||||||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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RSA SECURITY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 30,752 | $ | 23,172 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation | 9,228 | 8,450 | ||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options | 2,575 | 5,944 | ||||||
Amortization of convertible debentures deferred financing costs | — | 1,212 | ||||||
Non cash warrant accretion | — | 1,089 | ||||||
Gain on sale of investments | — | (390 | ) | |||||
Decrease in Crosby Finance, LLC fair value | — | 106 | ||||||
Deferred taxes | 619 | — | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash from changes in: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable | 6,019 | (7,263 | ) | |||||
Inventory | (489 | ) | 394 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (2,593 | ) | (467 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | (2,051 | ) | (2,196 | ) | ||||
Accrued restructurings | (3,718 | ) | (5,945 | ) | ||||
Income taxes accrued and payable | 2,603 | 6,666 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | (2,328 | ) | 7,901 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 40,617 | 38,673 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||
Purchases of marketable securities | (132,432 | ) | (251,008 | ) | ||||
Sales and maturities of marketable securities | 131,916 | 152,600 | ||||||
Purchases of property and equipment | (7,963 | ) | (7,355 | ) | ||||
Other | (2,147 | ) | 60 | |||||
Net cash used for investing activities | (10,626 | ) | (105,703 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and purchase plans | 10,066 | 20,009 | ||||||
Share repurchases | (26,819 | ) | (911 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | (16,753 | ) | 19,098 | |||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (364 | ) | (1,369 | ) | ||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 12,874 | (49,301 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 68,210 | 207,323 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 81,084 | $ | 158,022 | ||||
Cash flow information: | ||||||||
Cash payments for income taxes | $ | 390 | $ | 975 | ||||
Cash payments for interest expense | — | $ | 3,187 | |||||
Cash refunds of income taxes received | $ | 8,500 | — | |||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities: |
In June 2004, a holder of a convertible debenture with a principal amount of $10,000 converted the full amount of this debenture into shares of our common stock. These conversions resulted in the issuance of an aggregate of 727,537 shares of our common stock and the cancellation of the holder’s debenture. We made no principal payment in connection with the conversions. These conversions resulted in the increase of additional paid-in capital of $9,993 and an increase in common stock of $7 during the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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RSA SECURITY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
1. | Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RSA Security Inc. and its wholly- owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2004.
In the opinion of our management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements, and reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to present fairly the results of the interim periods presented. The operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year.
Principles of Consolidation— The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Reclassification —The long term portion of deferred revenue of $6.1 million has been reclassified in the 2004 financial statements to conform to the 2005 presentation.
Use of Estimates— The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition— Revenue is recognized when earned. We recognize revenue from the sale of products when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is considered probable. We recognize revenue from licensing other intellectual property when evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is considered probable. We reduce revenue by provisions for estimated returns. When arrangements contain multiple elements and vendor specific objective evidence of fair value exists for all undelivered elements, we recognize revenue for the delivered elements using the residual method. For arrangements containing multiple elements where vendor specific objective evidence of fair value does not exist for all undelivered elements, we defer revenue for the delivered and undelivered elements until vendor specific objective evidence of fair value exists or all elements have been delivered. We recognize revenue upon the shipment of product to our stocking distributors, net of estimated returns. We defer maintenance services revenue, whether sold separately or as part of a multiple element arrangement, and recognize it ratably over the term of the maintenance contract, generally twelve months.
Some of our arrangements contain bundled products that include a term software license, an RSA SecurID® authenticator and support for the term of the license. As these arrangements contain multiple elements where vendor specific objective evidence of fair value does not exist for all undelivered elements, we record these arrangements as deferred revenue and recognize revenue ratably on a monthly basis over the term of the license agreement.
For arrangements that contain an initial prepaid license fee with the payment of ongoing royalties, we recognize revenue on the initial prepaid license fee when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is considered probable. The ongoing royalties are recognized at the time a reliable estimate can be made of the actual usage that has occurred, provided collection is probable. Annual license fees or onetime license fee arrangements typically contain non-refundable terms; therefore, we recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is considered probable.
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We recognize revenue allocated to professional service elements as the services are performed. When customization is essential to the functionality of the licensed software, then both the software license and professional services revenue are recognized under the percentage of completion method, which requires revenue to be recognized as a percentage of the project completed. We recognize revenue and gross profit using labor hours as an input measure of progress to completion on these arrangements.
Allowance for Sales Returns and Rebates — We record allowances for estimated sales returns and allowances on products and maintenance and professional service revenue in the same period as the related revenue is recorded. We base these estimates on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data, current economic trends, product line and customer industry and other known factors. Allowances for estimated rebates are recorded in the same period as the related revenue. We base these estimates on historical rebates, analysis of sales data, current economic trends, and other known factors. The allowance for sales returns and rebates was as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 2,896 | $ | 3,219 | $ | 2,490 | $ | 3,123 | ||||||||
Provision for sales returns and rebates | 1,871 | 1,161 | 5,620 | 3,234 | ||||||||||||
Deductions | (1,537 | ) | (1,515 | ) | (4,880 | ) | (3,492 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 3,230 | $ | 2,865 | $ | 3,230 | $ | 2,865 | ||||||||
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts— We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We analyze accounts receivable and the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical bad debts, changes to customer creditworthiness, concentration levels, current economic trends, regional factors, other known factors, and changes in customer payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Bad debt expense, if any, is included in marketing and selling expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The allowance for doubtful accounts is included in accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and was as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,521 | $ | 1,785 | $ | 1,671 | $ | 1,849 | ||||||||
Write-offs | (53 | ) | (80 | ) | (366 | ) | (284 | ) | ||||||||
Recoveries of accounts previously written off | 157 | 46 | 320 | 186 | ||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,625 | $ | 1,751 | $ | 1,625 | $ | 1,751 | ||||||||
Allowance for Warranty Obligations— Our standard practice is to provide a warranty on all RSA SecurID® hardware authenticators for the customer selected programmed life of the authenticator (generally two to five years) and to replace any defective authenticators (other than authenticators damaged by a user’s abuse or alteration) free of charge. We sell our other products to customers with a warranty for product defects for a specified period, generally ninety days. We provide reserves for warranty obligations based on historical failure and defective return rates and include these costs as a component of product cost of revenue. We reevaluate the estimate of warranty and defective return obligations, including the assumptions about estimated failure and return rates, each quarter.
We monitor warranty claims and address defects through our quality and design processes, which are managed by our product engineering, quality control and technical support organizations. During the last several years, we have increased resources and initiated new programs to build an expanded family of high performance authentication solutions. These programs have resulted in the redesign and re-engineering of our authenticator products to improve their performance and reliability by incorporating new microprocessors, electronics, firmware and batteries with longer lives.
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Accrued warranty reserve is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents changes in the warranty reserve:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,485 | $ | 2,769 | $ | 1,899 | $ | 3,877 | ||||||||
Provision for warranty expense | 140 | 105 | 286 | 346 | ||||||||||||
Deductions | (158 | ) | (493 | ) | (718 | ) | (1,842 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,467 | $ | 2,381 | $ | 1,467 | $ | 2,381 | ||||||||
During 2002 and 2003, our quarterly analysis of historical failure and defective return rates indicated that certain authenticators produced between 2000 and 2002 were subject to higher defect and failure rates. We increased our provisions for warranty expense accordingly during those periods. We continue to monitor warranty claims and will reevaluate our estimate of warranty and defective return obligations in future periods, which may result in recording additional warranty expense.
Income Taxes— We provide for income taxes for interim periods based on the estimated effective tax rate for the full year. We record cumulative adjustments to tax provisions in the interim period in which a change in the estimated annual effective rate is determined. The effective tax rate calculation does not include the effect of discrete events that may occur during the year. The effect of these events, if any, is reflected in the tax provision for the quarter in which the event occurs and is not considered in the calculation of our annual effective tax rate.
Earnings Per Share— We compute basic earnings per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. We compute diluted earnings per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of potential outstanding shares, including options and warrants, using the “treasury stock” method. Diluted loss per share excludes the effect of equity instruments including convertible debentures, options and warrants, when such instruments are antidilutive.
Equity instruments that were considered antidilutive and therefore were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share include the following shares of our common stock:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Employee stock options | 8,214,099 | 4,330,406 | 6,205,667 | 4,532,406 | ||||||||||||
Convertible debentures | — | 5,092,761 | — | 5,520,787 | ||||||||||||
Common stock warrants | 873,045 | — | — | — |
Stock-Based Compensation Plans — We account for stock-based compensation cost using the intrinsic value method. Under this method, we recognize compensation expense, if any, based on the difference between the fair value of the underlying stock and the price of the option at the measurement date. The measurement date is defined as that time when both the number of shares and the exercise price become known. The measurement date is generally the date the award is made.
Pro Forma Disclosure— Had we recognized compensation expense for our stock option and purchase plans based on the fair value for awards under our plans, pro forma net income and pro forma net income per share would have been as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Net income as reported | $ | 15,063 | $ | 8,741 | $ | 30,752 | $ | 23,172 | ||||||||
Add: stock-based compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects | — | — | 20 | — | ||||||||||||
Less: stock based compensation expense determined under fair value method for awards, net of related tax effects | (3,103 | ) | (6,480 | ) | (12,014 | ) | ( 21,374 | ) | ||||||||
Pro forma net income | $ | 11,960 | $ | 2,261 | $ | 18,758 | $ | 1,798 | ||||||||
Net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share — as reported | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.37 | ||||||||
Basic earnings per share — pro forma | $ | 0.17 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.26 | $ | 0.03 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings per share — as reported | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.35 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings per share — pro forma | $ | 0.17 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.26 | $ | 0.03 | ||||||||
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The fair values used to compute pro forma net income per share were estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Stock Option Plans: | ||||||||||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 4.0 | % | 3.4 | % | 3.7 | % | 3.0 | % | ||||||||
Expected life of option grants (years) | 3.7 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 4.2 | ||||||||||||
Expected volatility of underlying stock | 78.9 | % | 79.0 | % | 81.9 | % | 79.0 | % | ||||||||
Expected dividend payment rate | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
Expected annual forfeiture rate | 5.1 | % | 7.5 | % | 5.1 | % | 7.5 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average fair value of stock options granted | $7.45 | $11.46 | $6.60 | $ | 10.70 | |||||||||||
Employee Stock Purchase Plan: | ||||||||||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 3.6 | % | 1.0 | % | 2.8 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||||||
Expected life of option grants (years) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Expected volatility of underlying stock | 49.8 | % | 40.0 | % | 45.3 | % | 61.0 | % | ||||||||
Expected dividend payment rate | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
Weighted average fair value of stock options granted | $3.82 | $ 3.99 | $4.21 | $ | 3.33 |
Share Repurchase Authorization— In September 2004, our Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to 6,700,000 shares of our common stock during 2004 and 2005. In July 2005, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an additional 2,000,000 shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program and extended the share repurchase program until June 30, 2006. We may make repurchases in the open market or through negotiated transactions from time to time depending on market conditions. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, we repurchased 448,379 shares for $5,731. As part of the total program, we have repurchased an aggregate of 2,025,979 shares for $27,729 as of September 30, 2005, of which we have reissued 1,206,577 shares in connection with the exercise of stock options. The net amount of these repurchased shares is reflected as treasury stock on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Future Accounting Pronouncements— On December 16, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a revision to SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” titled “Share-Based Payment.” This revision requires that all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations based on their fair values. The revision will be effective for us on January 1, 2006. The standard offers alternative methods of adopting the final rule. We are evaluating which method we will use and the impact on our financial statements. However, adoption will significantly increase compensation expense within the consolidated statement of operations.
2. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income was as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 15,063 | $ | 8,741 | $ | 30,752 | $ | 23,172 | ||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net | (160 | ) | 187 | (273 | ) | (101 | ) | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain (loss) adjustments | (779 | ) | 64 | (3,681 | ) | (565 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 14,124 | $ | 8,992 | $ | 26,798 | $ | 22,506 | ||||||||
The tax benefits (provisions) of unrealized holding gain (loss) on marketable securities were $86 and $(101) for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and $147 and $54 for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
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3. Restructurings
During 2002 and 2001, we evaluated and initiated restructuring actions in order to consolidate some of our operations, enhance operational efficiency and reduce expenses. These actions resulted in total restructuring charges of $56,036 and $19,956 in the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, which consisted of facility exit costs, costs associated with the sale and liquidation of our Swedish development operations, and severance and other costs associated with the reduction of employee headcount.
During 2004, we recorded a charge of $1,601 related to revised estimates of facility exit costs. We revised these estimates of facility exit costs based upon the terms of finalized subleases and associated costs obtained during the second quarter of 2004. We also reduced our restructuring reserve by $819 during the three months ended December 31, 2004, when we determined our remaining severance costs and operating costs related to exited facilities were lower than originally estimated.
Restructuring charges accrued and unpaid at September 30, 2005 were as follows:
Facility | ||||
Exit Costs | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2005 | $ | 19,713 | ||
Payments | (3,718 | ) | ||
Balance at September 30, 2005 | $ | 15,995 | ||
We expect to pay the remaining restructuring costs accrued at September 30, 2005 as follows:
Three months remaining in 2005 | $ | 1,412 | ||
Year ending December 31, 2006 | 4,753 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2007 | 4,283 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2008 | 3,343 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2009 | 2,204 | |||
$ | 15,995 | |||
4. Segments
We have one reportable segment, e-Security Solutions. The operations of the e-Security Solutions segment consist of the sale of software licenses, hardware, maintenance and professional services through two product groups, Enterprise solutions and Developer solutions. Enterprise solutions includes sales of RSA SecurID® authentication credentials, RSA® Authentication Manager (formerly known as RSA ACE/Server®) software, RSA® Certificate Manager (formerly known as RSA Keon®) software, RSA ClearTrust® software, and maintenance and professional services associated with these products. Developer solutions includes sales of RSA BSAFE® encryption software and protocol products, RSA Certificate Manager components, and maintenance and professional services associated with these products. The segment was determined primarily based upon how the chief decision maker views and evaluates our operations.
Our operations are conducted throughout the world. Operations in the United States represent approximately 56% of total revenue. Our operations in other countries have been grouped by regional area below. The following tables present information about e-Security Solutions revenue:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Product and service groups | ||||||||||||||||
Enterprise solutions | $ | 67,722 | $ | 70,542 | $ | 206,607 | $ | 205,885 | ||||||||
Developer solutions | 8,515 | 6,189 | 21,776 | 18,391 | ||||||||||||
$ | 76,237 | $ | 76,731 | $ | 228,383 | $ | 224,276 | |||||||||
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Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Geographic areas | ||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 42,968 | $ | 42,942 | $ | 126,906 | $ | 125,968 | ||||||||
Europe and other | 23,777 | 23,977 | 74,155 | 72,634 | ||||||||||||
Asia Pacific | 9,492 | 9,812 | 27,322 | 25,674 | ||||||||||||
$ | 76,237 | $ | 76,731 | $ | 228,383 | $ | 224,276 | |||||||||
Except for Tech Data Corporation, one of our distributors, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Revenue from Tech Data Corporation accounted for 8% and 10% of our total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and revenue from Tech Data Corporation accounted for 10% and 11% of our total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
We provide e-security solutions to various customers in diverse industries. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain allowances for potential credit losses. We had two significant customers who are distributors, whose aggregate balances accounted for approximately 19% of our total accounts receivable as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
The tables below present information about our long- lived assets by regional area:
At September 30, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||
Europe and | ||||||||||||||||
Total | United States | Other | Asia Pacific | |||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | 67,818 | $ | 37,046 | $ | 28,917 | $ | 1,855 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 172,736 | 172,736 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Other assets | 17,058 | 15,945 | 60 | 1,053 |
At December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Europe and | ||||||||||||||||
Total | United States | Other | Asia Pacific | |||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | 70,700 | $ | 36,706 | $ | 31,498 | $ | 2,496 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 172,736 | 172,736 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Other assets | 12,184 | 10,965 | 54 | 1,165 |
5. Litigation
On or about February 2, 2001, Leon Stambler filed a complaint for patent infringement in U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against RSA Security, VeriSign, Inc., First Data Corporation, Openwave Systems Inc., and Omnisky Corporation — Case Number 01-0065. The case went to trial in March 2003, and the jury determined that our products did not infringe Mr. Stambler’s patents. On April 17, 2003, the court entered final judgment in our favor on all claims of non-infringement. Mr. Stambler appealed the lower court’s decision to the United States Court of Appeals, and on or about February 11, 2005, the Court of Appeals issued a ruling denying Mr. Stambler’s request for a new trial and affirming the lower court’s ruling in our favor. The deadline for Mr. Stambler to appeal the ruling of the Court of Appeals has passed, and Mr. Stambler has not filed any further appeals. Therefore, this matter is concluded.
On or about April 11, 2005, Prism Technologies LLC filed a complaint for patent infringement in U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against RSA Security, VeriSign, Inc., Netegrity, Inc., Computer Associates International, Inc. and Johnson & Johnson — Case Number 05-214. In its complaint, Prism Technologies alleges that some of our products and certain products of each of the other defendants infringe a patent that Prism Technologies owns, and Prism Technologies seeks unspecified damages as well as a permanent injunction enjoining the defendants from infringing its patent. The parties are now conducting discovery. We believe Prism Technologies’ claims are without merit. We cannot predict the outcome of this matter, but we believe that the disposition of the matter will not have a material adverse effect on our continuing operations and consolidated financial position. We have not accrued any amounts relative to this complaint at September 30, 2005 as the ultimate outcome of this case is neither probable nor estimable.
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From time to time, we have been named as a defendant in other legal actions arising from our normal business activities, which we do not believe will have a material adverse effect on us or our business.
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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
We make statements in this Report that are forward looking, that is, statements that are not historical facts but that convey projections about the future. For example, statements containing the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” and similar expressions may be forward-looking statements. However, we caution investors not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements in this Report because these statements speak only as of the date when made. Furthermore, we are not obligated to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. There are a number of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements, including without limitation the factors described below under the caption “Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results.”
Overview
RSA Security Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries are focused on helping customers confidently protect and manage on-line identities and digital assets. With approximately 19,000 customers worldwide, RSA Security has a 20-year track record of creating award-winning solutions. RSA Security’s portfolio of award-winning identity & access management solutions helps businesses to establish who’s who online — and what they can do.
We derive our operating revenue primarily from two distinct product groups: Enterprise solutions, which includes RSA SecurID® authentication credentials, RSA® Authentication Manager (formerly known as RSA ACE/Server®) software, RSA ClearTrust® software, RSA® Certificate Manager (formerly known as RSA Keon®) software, and maintenance and professional services associated with those products; and Developer solutions, which includes RSA BSAFE® encryption software and protocol products, RSA Certificate Manager components, and maintenance and professional services associated with those products.
We believe sales of our products are and will be driven by several major market trends: (1) enterprises Web-enabling their existing applications; (2) enterprises permitting secure and efficient access to internal resources, whether remotely or within the enterprise; (3) an increase in digital identity and asset theft, resulting in enterprises and consumers implementing new technologies to protect critical information; and (4) market demand for convenient and easy-to-use security technology. In addition, we see a number of major trends and drivers in our business:
• | Our authentication product line drives most of our revenue, while our less mature Enterprise software products continue to build revenue. | ||
• | Our Developer solutions continue to contribute between seven and twelve percent of our total revenue despite the availability of free, “open source” products that compete with our RSA BSAFE product line. | ||
• | Our product line synergies and the strength of our customer base create opportunities for us to sell additional products to existing customers and broader, multi-product solutions to new customers. | ||
• | Information technology budgets remain constrained, which has had and could continue to have a direct effect on the sale of our products. | ||
• | Some of our products, especially our single sign-on solutions and Web access management products, have long and unpredictable sales cycles, in part because our customers may need to invest potentially substantial resources and modify their network infrastructures to take advantage of the products. | ||
• | Increased competitive activity is putting pressure on our product prices and lengthening our sales cycles. |
Our Enterprise solutions customers typically place an initial order for a limited number of users, for either our RSA SecurID authenticators or any of our software products, and deploy additional authenticators or software licenses as their need for our products within their enterprise increases. Authenticators generally have a programmed life of three to five years, and as they expire, our customers typically place additional orders for replacement authenticators. We typically base our RSA Authentication Manager, RSA Certificate Manager and RSA ClearTrust software license fees on the number of users authorized under each customer’s license. In most cases, customers also enter into an annual customer support agreement for their software license at the time of their initial purchase and renew this support agreement annually. Our support agreement entitles our customers to software upgrades and telephone support.
Our Developer solutions software licensing terms vary by product and customer. Typical licensing terms may include an initial prepaid license fee and ongoing royalties paid as a percentage of the developer’s product or service revenue, or payment of annual license fees, or a single fully paid-up license fee. Often, our existing developer customers go on to license new software or technology
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from us or wish to increase the field of use rights for the technology they have already licensed. In such a case, we amend our license agreement with the customer and charge additional licensing fees, thus deriving additional revenue.
We continue to explore opportunities to sell our products into new markets and meet new market needs. We are currently focusing on several new market opportunities, which we believe have the potential to generate incremental demand for our products:
• | Although most of our customers continue to use our products to authenticate users accessing electronic resources remotely, from outside the enterprise, our RSA SecurID for Microsoft® Windows® and RSA® Sign-On Manager products allow our customers to authenticate users within the enterprise. We believe that user authentication within the enterprise is attractive to organizations seeking to strengthen security behind the firewall. | ||
• | We have observed that, as more organizations institute rigorous password policies to tighten security and meet compliance requirements, password management is becoming increasingly burdensome for users and expensive for enterprises. In 2005, we announced RSA Sign-On Manager, an enterprise single sign-on solution designed to alleviate the burden and expense of managing multiple, complex passwords. | ||
• | Although the majority of our customers utilize our products to secure and to manage network and application access for their employees and partners, we continue to increase sales to customers, including financial institutions and other consumer-facing enterprises, who are also using our products to secure and manage access for their customers, including consumer customers. We believe the major drivers for consumer authentication are concerns about identity theft and privacy, and the desire to comply with information protection regulations. Accordingly, we have announced our plans to launch our RSA® Consumer Authentication Service to provide Internet users with strong authentication for their on-line activities. |
Our professional services group provides customers with project management, architecture and design, physical deployment, custom development, education and practitioner certification services. Customers typically pay for professional services either at a fixed price or at hourly or daily rates for the time it takes us to complete the project.
We have contracted with outside manufacturing organizations to produce our RSA SecurID hardware authenticators, and many of our products contain technology that is licensed from third parties. Our cost of revenue consists primarily of costs associated with the manufacture and delivery of RSA SecurID authenticators and royalty fees that we pay for the licensed technology. Cost of revenue also includes warranty obligation expense and labor and overhead costs associated with professional services, customer support, and production activities. Production costs include the programming labor, shipping, inspection and quality control functions associated with the RSA SecurID authenticators. We continue to work to establish new supplier relationships in order to increase the number of vendors from which we buy our authenticators and authenticator components, and reduce our vulnerability to potential supply problems.
We distribute our products through direct sales to end user customers, and through indirect sales, including (i) sales to resellers and distributors that we ship directly to the end user customer and (ii) sales to distributors for stocking purposes. For the three months ended September 30, 2005, approximately 59% of our revenue was from sales to distributors and resellers shipped directly to the end user customers, approximately 36% of our revenue was from direct sales to end user customers, and approximately 5% of our revenue was from sales to stocking distributors. Our stocking distributors provide us with inventory level and point of sale reports on a monthly basis. A typical stocking distributor holds approximately six to eight weeks of inventory on hand in the distribution channel. Generally, our arrangements with our distributors and resellers are non-exclusive, and we currently have arrangements with more than 2,000 distributors and resellers worldwide under the RSA SecurWorld Partner Program. The RSA SecurWorld Partner Program provides partners with a range of sales tools, education resources and incentives and is designed to reward those partners that devote resources to our products and programs and to sell to new customers. Over time, we believe this program will increase our rate of customer acquisition and generate increased indirect sales for us.
Our direct sales to our customers in countries outside of the United States are denominated in either U.S. dollars or local currency, with the majority of our sales denominated in U.S. dollars. Where we do invoice customers in local currency, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations from the time of invoicing until collection occurs. We are also exposed to foreign currency fluctuations between the time we collect in U.S. dollars and the time we pay our operating expenses in local currency. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could affect the profitability and cash flows in U.S. dollars of our products sold in international markets.
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
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affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those listed below. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. However, our actual results could differ from those estimates.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements. Our critical accounting policies are described in more detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the reader is referred to that discussion.
• | Revenue Recognition | ||
• | Allowance for Sales Returns | ||
• | Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | ||
• | Allowance for Warranty Obligations | ||
• | Income Taxes | ||
• | Valuation of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | ||
• | Restructurings |
Summary of Financial Performance for the three months ended September 30, 2005
• | Our sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $76.2 million, a decrease of $0.5 million or 0.6 %, as compared to sales of $76.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. | ||
• | Our gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $60.1 million, a decrease of $2.8 million, or 4%, compared to gross profit of $62.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. | ||
• | Our net income for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $15.1 million, an increase of $6.3 million, or 72%, compared to net income of $8.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. During the third quarter of 2005, the United States Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued tax refunds and associated interest payments to us totaling $8.5 million. The tax refunds received during the third quarter are associated with our previously disclosed IRS audit for the years 1996 through 2002. The impact of these refunds is reflected in the quarter in which they occur. | ||
• | Our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities were $302.7 million at September 30, 2005, compared to $289.7 million of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities at December 31, 2004 and $256.0 million of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities at September 30, 2004. We repurchased 448,379 shares of our common stock for $5.7 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2005. |
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain consolidated financial data as a percentage of our total revenue:
Percentage of | Percentage of | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenue | Total Revenue | |||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Revenue | ||||||||||||||||
Products | 70.5 | % | 75.3 | % | 71.4 | % | 75.5 | % | ||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 29.5 | 24.7 | 28.6 | 24.5 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | ||||||||||||||||
Products | 12.7 | 10.4 | 12.4 | 10.7 | ||||||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 8.5 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 7.6 | ||||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 21.2 | 18.0 | 20.7 | 18.3 | ||||||||||||
Gross margin | 78.8 | 82.0 | 79.3 | 81.7 | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Research and development | 21.0 | 20.8 | 20.8 | 20.6 | ||||||||||||
Marketing and selling | 36.4 | 35.1 | 37.3 | 35.7 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 10.1 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.1 | ||||||||||||
Restructurings | — | — | — | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
Total | 67.5 | 66.8 | 68.6 | 67.1 | ||||||||||||
Income from operations | 11.3 | 15.2 | 10.7 | 14.6 | ||||||||||||
Interest income (expense) and other, net | 4.2 | (1.2 | ) | 3.3 | (1.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Income from investing activities | — | 0.4 | — | 0.1 | ||||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 15.5 | 14.4 | 14.0 | 13.0 | ||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (4.3 | ) | 3.0 | 0.5 | 2.7 | |||||||||||
Net income | 19.8 | % | 11.4 | % | 13.5 | % | 10.3 | % | ||||||||
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Revenue
The following tables set forth the amount, percentage of total revenue and percentage increase (decrease) of our revenue by product group, product type and product line:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | Increase | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | Percentage | Revenue | Percentage | (Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||
Product group: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Enterprise solutions | $ | 67.7 | 88.8 | % | $ | 70.5 | 91.9 | % | (4.0 | )% | ||||||||||
Developer solutions | 8.5 | 11.2 | % | 6.2 | 8.1 | % | 37.6 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 76.2 | 100.0 | % | $ | 76.7 | 100.0 | % | (0.6 | )% | ||||||||||
Product type: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Authenticators | $ | 35.4 | 46.4 | % | $ | 38.7 | 50.5 | % | (8.4 | )% | ||||||||||
Software products | 18.3 | 24.1 | % | 19.1 | 24.9 | % | (3.9 | )% | ||||||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 22.5 | 29.5 | % | 18.9 | 24.6 | % | 18.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 76.2 | 100.0 | % | $ | 76.7 | 100.0 | % | (0.6 | )% | ||||||||||
Product line: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Authentication products | $ | 62.2 | 81.6 | % | $ | 65.3 | 85.1 | % | (4.3 | )% | ||||||||||
Encryption products | 8.2 | 10.8 | % | 5.9 | 7.7 | % | 38.3 | % | ||||||||||||
Web access management products | 5.8 | 7.6 | % | 5.5 | 7.2 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 76.2 | 100.0 | % | $ | 76.7 | 100.0 | % | (0.6 | )% | ||||||||||
Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | Increase | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | Percentage | Revenue | Percentage | (Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||
Product group: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Enterprise solutions | $ | 206.6 | 90.5 | % | $ | 205.9 | 91.8 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||||||||
Developer solutions | 21.8 | 9.5 | % | 18.4 | 8.2 | % | 18.4 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 228.4 | 100.0 | % | $ | 224.3 | 100.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||
Product type: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Authenticators | $ | 109.2 | 47.8 | % | $ | 112.2 | 50.0 | % | (2.7 | )% | ||||||||||
Software products | 54.0 | 23.6 | % | 57.2 | 25.5 | % | (5.7 | )% | ||||||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 65.2 | 28.6 | % | 54.9 | 24.5 | % | 18.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 228.4 | 100.0 | % | $ | 224.3 | 100.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||
Product line: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Authentication products | $ | 189.9 | 83.1 | % | $ | 189.8 | 84.6 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||||||
Encryption products | 21.6 | 9.5 | % | 18.1 | 8.1 | % | 19.2 | % | ||||||||||||
Web access management products | 16.9 | 7.4 | % | 16.4 | 7.3 | % | 2.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 228.4 | 100.0 | % | $ | 224.3 | 100.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||
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Revenue by Geographic Region
Our revenue is broken out into three geographic regions consisting of the United States, Europe and other, and Asia Pacific. The following tables set forth the amount of revenue, percentage of total revenue and percentage increase (decrease) of revenue by region for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | Increase | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | Percentage | Revenue | Percentage | (Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 43.0 | 56.4 | % | $ | 42.9 | 56.0 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||||||
Europe and other | 23.7 | 31.1 | % | 24.0 | 31.2 | % | (0.8 | )% | ||||||||||||
Asia Pacific | 9.5 | 12.5 | % | 9.8 | 12.8 | % | (3.3 | )% | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 76.2 | 100.0 | % | $ | 76.7 | 100.0 | % | (0.6 | )% | ||||||||||
Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | Percentage | Revenue | Percentage | Increase | ||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 126.9 | 55.5 | % | $ | 126.0 | 56.2 | % | 0.7 | % | ||||||||||
Europe and other | 74.2 | 32.5 | % | 72.6 | 32.4 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||||||||||
Asia Pacific | 27.3 | 12.0 | % | 25.7 | 11.4 | % | 6.4 | % | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 228.4 | 100.0 | % | $ | 224.3 | 100.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||
The decrease in our total revenue in the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004, was attributable to a decline in replacement authentication credentials due to the economic decline in 2001 and 2002. This economic decline caused a slower growth of credential shipments in the year 2001, and this growth further slowed in 2002. We generally license our security credentials for a term of 3 to 4 years; therefore a lower volume of credential licenses in 2001 and 2002 results in replacement authentication credentials in 2005 being at a lower level than in 2004. Also contributing to the decline in revenue was a larger number of high volume sales and increased consumer business in the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter in 2004, which tend to have lower pricing levels.
Although our total revenue decreased 0.6% in the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004, our professional service and maintenance revenue increased 18.5%. The increase in service revenue was primarily attributable to a high rate of renewals of annual maintenance contracts related to the sale of products in prior periods.
Our RSA SecurID authentication product line generates a substantial portion of our revenue. RSA SecurID credentials (includes hardware and software, smart cards and USB tokens) licensed, in thousands, were as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||||||
Percentage | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Increase | ||||||||||
Number of credentials licensed | 1,051,219 | 1,032,586 | 1.8 | % |
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||||||
Percentage | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Increase | ||||||||||
Number of credentials licensed | 3,121,743 | 2,864,730 | 9.0 | % |
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The increase in credentials licensed was attributable to an increase in users within our existing enterprise accounts and the growth of credentials licensed for consumer authentication. The increase in the number of credentials licensed is offset by a decrease in pricing levels, which has contributed to a decrease in overall product revenues.
We believe the increase in our Web access management revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to the comparable period in 2004, was due in part to an increase in the number of customers allowing access of their information and applications by internal and external users. We believe that our Web access management revenue will continue to grow due to increased deployments of Web-based applications that may be accessed by a company’s employees, partners and customers.
The increase in encryption revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to the comparable period in 2004, was primarily due to follow on business from large customers in the telecommunications and consumer electronics businesses. We believe that our Developer solutions revenue may benefit from companies’ needs to secure their computing systems, databases and transactions due to various regulatory requirements.
We believe that our future total revenue will be influenced by a number of major factors:
• | As new, lower cost remote access technologies become available and as employment rates increase, we believe that we will benefit with increased total product revenue. | ||
• | We believe the increased awareness of digital identity theft will drive organizations and consumers to adopt technologies such as strong authentication, and we believe we will benefit from this trend. | ||
• | We believe that governmental regulations regarding the access to and distribution of private information will drive demand for our products. For example, we believe our revenue from the healthcare and financial services markets will increase as companies work to bring their information technology systems into compliance with industry-specific privacy and security laws and standards. | ||
• | We believe that as the United States government proceeds with its agenda of increasing awareness and funding of cyber-security issues and focusing on homeland security, we may benefit with increased revenue. | ||
• | However, information technology budgets continue to be constrained, and the continued uncertainty in the economy and global affairs may affect revenue generated from the sales of our products in future quarters. | ||
• | In addition, we are seeing increased competitive activity, which is putting pressure on our product prices. We believe that increased competition is lengthening our sales cycles. | ||
• | In 2005, we instituted a major new program for our resellers and distributors and reorganized our sales force. Our future revenue will depend on the rate at which our current resellers and distributors participate in the new program, our ability to attract new resellers and distributors to the program and the effectiveness of our reorganized sales force. |
Gross Profit
The following tables set forth the gross profit and gross margin for products and maintenance and professional services:
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Profit | Gross Margin | Gross Profit | Gross Margin | |||||||||||||
Products | $ | 44.1 | 82.0 | % | $ | 49.8 | 86.2 | % | ||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 16.0 | 71.2 | % | 13.1 | 69.2 | % | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 60.1 | 78.8 | % | $ | 62.9 | 82.0 | % | ||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Profit | Gross Margin | Gross Profit | Gross Margin | |||||||||||||
Products | $ | 134.9 | 82.7 | % | $ | 145.4 | 85.8 | % | ||||||||
Maintenance and professional services | 46.3 | 70.9 | % | 37.8 | 68.9 | % | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 181.2 | 79.3 | % | $ | 183.2 | 81.7 | % | ||||||||
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The decrease in total gross margin for the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004, was primarily a result of the greater mix of services revenue as a percentage of our total revenueandstart up costs associated with the build-out of our RSA Consumer Authentication Service, as well as increased licensed technology fees to third parties.
Research and Development
The following table compares our research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
% | ||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Research and development | $ | 15,990 | $ | 15,934 | 0.4 | % | ||||||
Percentage of revenues | 21.0 | % | 20.8 | % |
Research and development expenses increased approximately $0.1 million for the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in consulting fees of $0.1 million related to new product releases and an increase in the allocation of overhead expenses of $0.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in salary and employee benefit costs of $0.5 million.
Marketing and Selling
The following table compares our sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
% | ||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Marketing and selling | $ | 27,753 | $ | 26,946 | 3.0 | % | ||||||
Percentage of revenues | 36.4 | % | 35.1 | % |
Marketing and selling expenses increased approximately $0.8 million for the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004. The increase in marketing and selling expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in marketing programs of approximately $1.0 million and an increase in the allocation of overhead expenses of approximately $1.3 million, partially offset by a decrease in labor and commission costs of approximately $1.5 million.
General and Administrative
The following table compares our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
% | ||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
General and administrative | $ | 7,733 | $ | 8,388 | (7.8 | )% | ||||||
Percentage of revenues | 10.1 | % | 10.9 | % |
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General and administrative expenses decreased approximately $ 0.7 million for the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to decreased labor costs of approximately $0.4 million and decreased consulting fees of approximately $0.4 million, partially offset by an increase in legal costs of approximately $0.1 million for the third quarter of 2005, as compared to the third quarter of 2004.
Restructurings
During 2002 and 2001, we evaluated and initiated restructuring actions in order to consolidate some of our operations, enhance operational efficiency and reduce expenses. These actions resulted in total restructuring charges of $56.0 million and $20.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Restructuring charges recorded during 2002 and 2001 consisted of facility exit costs, costs associated with the sale and liquidation of our Swedish development operations, and severance and other costs associated with the reduction of employee headcount. We continue to monitor and assess the real estate market and our operating expenses. Based upon our ongoing assessments of our facility obligations and the rental real estate market, we may have to record additional restructuring charges or revise previously recorded restructuring charges in future reporting periods.
During 2004, we recorded a charge of $1.6 million related to revised estimates of facility exit costs. We revised this estimate of facility exit costs based upon the terms of finalized subleases and associated costs obtained during the second quarter of 2004. We also reduced our restructuring reserve by $0.8 million during the three months ended December 31, 2004, when we determined our remaining severance and operating costs were lower than originally estimated.
Restructuring activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was as follows:
Facility | ||||
Exit | ||||
($ in millions) | Costs | |||
Balance at January 1, 2005 | $ | 19.7 | ||
Payments | (3.7 | ) | ||
Balance at September 30, 2005 | $ | 16.0 | ||
We expect to pay the remaining restructuring costs accrued at September 30, 2005 as follows:
Three months remaining in 2005 | $ | 1.4 | ||
Year ending December 31, 2006 | 4.8 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2007 | 4.3 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2008 | 3.3 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2009 | 2.2 | |||
Total | $ | 16.0 | ||
Interest Income (Expense) and Other, Net
Interest income (expense) and other, net includes the following:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense on 7% convertible debentures | $ | — | $ | (1.2 | ) | $ | — | $ | (4.0 | ) | |||||||
Non cash amortization of deferred financing costs | — | (0.3 | ) | — | (1.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Non cash accretion of warrant value | — | (0.4 | ) | — | (1.1 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest income (expense) and other, net | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||
Investment income | 1.9 | 1.0 | 5.2 | 2.0 | |||||||||||||
Gain from foreign currency transactions | — | (0.1 | ) | 0.7 | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Total interest income (expense) and other, net | $ | 3.1 | $ | (0.9 | ) | $ | 7.4 | $ | (3.9 | ) | |||||||
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The decrease in interest expense in the three months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to the comparable period in 2004, was due to the conversions of all $80.0 million of our convertible debentures to common stock in September and October 2004. The increase in interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to the similar period in 2004, was primarily attributable to $0.8 million of interest that was included as part of the IRS tax refunds that we received in the third quarter of 2005. The increase in investment income for the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the comparable period in 2004, was due to higher cash and marketable securities investment balances and increased investment yields.
Investing Activities
Investing activities includes the following:
($ in millions) | Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Gain on sale of investments | — | $ | 0.4 | — | $ | 0.4 | ||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in fair value of Crosby Finance, LLC | — | — | — | (0.1 | ) | |||||||||||
Total income (loss) from investing activities | — | $ | 0.4 | — | $ | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate, excluding discrete events, was 22.5% in the third quarter of 2005, as compared to 20.9% for the third quarter of 2004. The effective tax rate does not include the impact of two discrete events that occurred in the third quarter of 2005 and are recorded in this period. The recognition of these two events reduced the third quarter tax rate to (27.9%). We recorded a tax benefit of $(3.3) million in the third quarter of 2005 as compared to a tax provision of $2.3 million in the third quarter of 2004. The difference between these two comparable periods is that the provision for taxes in the third quarter of 2005 includes a tax benefit for discrete items of approximately $(3.9) million relating to the receipt of an IRS tax refund and a benefit of $(2.0) million resulting from the reversal of a previously established income tax reserve that we determined is no longer required. Excluding the impact of discrete events, we expect our annual effective tax rate to be approximately 22% for the full year 2005.
During the third quarter of 2005, the IRS issued tax refunds and associated interest payments to the Company totaling $8.5 million. These refunds are associated with the partial settlement of the Company’s previously disclosed IRS audit for the years 1996 through 2002. The refund is considered a discrete item and its impact is required to be reported in the period in which it is received. Approximately $3.2 million and $0.6 million of the refund served to offset previously established tax receivable and deferred tax asset balances respectively. Approximately $0.8 million was recorded as interest income with the remaining $3.9 million being recorded as a benefit to the tax provision in the third quarter of 2005.
On October 17, 2005, we received an additional IRS tax refund and interest of $1.4 million. This refund is in final settlement of the IRS audit relating to tax years 1996 through 2002, and no additional refunds attributable to this audit period are expected. This refund is not included in our third quarter results, as it is considered a discrete item and its impact is required to be recorded in the period in which it is received. The impact of this refund will be included in our fourth quarter operating results.
In the third quarter of 2005, we received tax refunds in partial settlement of the IRS audit for the years 1996 through 2002. We had previously established tax reserves for potential additional tax assessments that may result from this audit. As a result of the partial settlement, we determined in the third quarter that additional tax exposure relative to this audit period is remote, and we reversed $2.0 million of the previously established tax reserve as it is no longer required. This reversal is considered a discrete event, and its impact is required to be recorded in the period in which it occurs. The provision for taxes in the third quarter of 2005 includes a tax benefit of $2.0 million as a result of this reversal.
The American Jobs Creation Act (the Act) was enacted in October 2004. The Act provides for, among other things, a temporary 85% dividends received deduction on certain foreign earnings repatriated in either fiscal year 2004 or 2005. The deduction results in an approximate 5.25% United States federal income tax rate being applied to repatriated earnings. To qualify for the deduction, the repatriated earnings must be reinvested in the United States pursuant to a domestic reinvestment plan established by RSA Security and approved by its Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors.
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We made no qualifying distributions under the Act during fiscal 2004. We are currently in the process of evaluating whether we will repatriate any foreign earnings in 2005 under the Act and, if so, the amount that we will repatriate. The range of reasonably possible amounts that we are considering for repatriation, and which would be eligible for the temporary deduction under the Act, is zero to approximately $50.0 million. The repatriation of these earnings may result in additional United States federal income tax expense. We currently estimate that the potential range of additional tax expense associated with such repatriation is zero to approximately $2.6 million. The additional tax expense resulting from the repatriation, if any, will not impact the calculation of our annual effective tax rate for 2005. Repatriation under the Act is considered a discrete event and as such, the corresponding tax impact is recorded only in the period in which the repatriation occurs. We expect to determine the amounts and sources of foreign earnings to be repatriated, if any, during the fourth quarter of 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Summary Sources and Uses of Cash
The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash over the periods indicated:
($ in millions) | Nine Months Ended | |||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 40,617 | $ | 38,673 | ||||
Net cash used for investing activities | (10,626 | ) | (105,703 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | (16,753 | ) | 19,098 | |||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 12,874 | (49,301 | ) |
Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities and our cash flow from operations. We had $81.1 million in cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2005, consisting primarily of operating cash and short-term investments. This represents an increase of $12.9 million in cash and cash equivalents from December 31, 2004. As of September 30, 2005, we had $221.6 in marketable securities consisting primarily of auction rate securities, US Government and agency securities and corporate debt securities.
Cash provided by operations of $40.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 consisted primarily of net income of $30.8 million, depreciation of $9.2 million, the tax benefit from exercise of stock options of $2.6 million, and a decrease in accounts receivable of $6.0 million. These increases in cash were partially offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets and a decrease in current liabilities.
Any increase or decrease in our accounts receivable balance and accounts receivable days outstanding (calculated as net accounts receivable divided by revenue per day) will affect our cash flow from operations and liquidity. Our accounts receivable and accounts receivable days outstanding may increase due to changes in factors such as the amount of international sales and length of customer’s payment cycle. We also record deferred maintenance billings as accounts receivable, and the timing of these billings affects the accounts receivable days outstanding. Historically, international and indirect customers pay at a slower rate than domestic and direct customers. An increase in revenue generated from international and indirect customers may increase our accounts receivable days outstanding and accounts receivable balance. If the economy deteriorates, we may observe an increase in the length of our customers’ payment cycle. To address increases in accounts receivable balance and to improve cash flow, we may from time to time take actions to encourage earlier payment of receivables. Discounts offered to customers to encourage payment are deducted from revenue. To the extent that our accounts receivable balance increases, we may incur increased bad debt expense and increased estimates for reserves against revenue and will be subject to greater general credit risks.
Cash used for investing activities of $10.6 million during the third quarter of 2005 consisted primarily of $132.4 million of cash used for the purchase of marketable securities and $8.0 million of cash used to purchase property and equipment and other long-term assets, which was partially offset by $131.9 million of cash provided by the sale and maturities of marketable securities.
Cash used for financing activities of $16.8 million during the third quarter of 2005 consisted primarily of $26.8 million of cash used to repurchase shares of our common stock, partially offset by $10.1 million of proceeds from employee exercises and purchases under our stock option and employee stock purchase plans.
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The following are our contractual commitments associated with our lease obligations, restructurings, and purchase obligations and from royalty commitments:
Years Ending December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Months | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining in | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases | $ | 3.8 | $ | 15.0 | $ | 14.4 | $ | 13.7 | $ | 81.0 | $ | 127.9 | ||||||||||||
Restructurings | 1.4 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 16.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Purchase obligations | — | 0.7 | 1.9 | — | — | 2.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Royalty commitments | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total commitments | $ | 5.7 | $ | 21.8 | $ | 21.3 | $ | 17.8 | $ | 84.5 | $ | 151.1 | ||||||||||||
We have commitments for various operating leases worldwide that expire at various times through 2017 and that are shown above, net of existing sublease agreements, excluding facility exit costs included in restructuring charges. The lease commitments of $127.9 million shown also include lease commitments of $11.8 million related to certain exited facilities that have not been reserved for in restructuring charges, which represents our estimated sublease income from these facilities from the end of the period reserved to the end of the lease term. The restructuring commitments shown above are primarily for facility exit costs of up to 51 months of minimum lease payments due under certain excess facilities lease agreements, net of related sublease agreements. Our purchase obligations relate to inventory commitments. Our royalty commitments represent our minimum contractual royalty obligations for the use of licensed technology.
In September 2004, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 6,700,000 shares of our common stock during 2004 and 2005. In July 2005, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an additional 2,000,000 shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program and extended the share repurchase program until June 30, 2006. We may make repurchases in the open market or through negotiated transactions from time to time depending on market conditions. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, we repurchased 448,379 shares for $5.7 million. As part of the total program, we have repurchased an aggregate of 2,025,979 shares for $27.7 million as of September 30, 2005, of which we have reissued 1,206,577 shares in connection with the exercise of stock options. The net amount of these shares is reflected as treasury stock on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
We currently have no debt and we believe that cash generated from our operating activities will be sufficient to fund our working capital requirements, including our restructuring liabilities, through at least the next twelve months. We anticipate that current cash on hand, cash generated from operations, and cash generated from the exercise of employee options and employee stock purchase plans will be adequate to fund our planned capital and financing expenditures for at least the next twelve months.
We provide e-security solutions to various customers in diverse industries. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain allowances for potential credit losses. We had two significant customers who are distributors and whose aggregate balances accounted for approximately 19% of our total accounts receivable as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Our plans for future uses of cash may include additional acquisitions of other entities or technologies, additional purchases of property and equipment, inventory, and stock repurchases pursuant to our stock repurchase program. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for the remainder of 2005 will be approximately $4.0 to $5.0 million and will be primarily for purchases of property and equipment. We expect to fund our capital expenditures from cash on hand and cash generated from operations.
Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results
Our operating results tend to fluctuate from quarter to quarter.Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future. A variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, can cause these fluctuations, including, among others:
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• | the size, timing and shipment of individual orders for our products; | ||
• | changes in our operating expenses; | ||
• | the timing of personnel departures and new hires and the rate at which new personnel become productive; | ||
• | the timing of the introduction or enhancement of our products and our competitors’ products; | ||
• | customers deferring their orders in anticipation of the introduction of new products by us or our competitors; | ||
• | market acceptance of new products; | ||
• | changes in the mix of products sold; | ||
• | changes in product pricing, including changes in competitors’ pricing policies; | ||
• | development and performance of our direct and indirect distribution channels and changes in the mix of vertical markets to which we sell our products; | ||
• | the amount and timing of charges relating to the impairment or loss of value of some of our assets, especially goodwill and intangible assets; and | ||
• | general economic conditions. |
We may not be able to achieve, sustain or grow our profitability from quarter to quarter. Because our operating expenses are based on anticipated revenue levels and a high percentage of our expenses are fixed, a small variation in when revenue is recognized can cause significant variations in operating results from quarter to quarter.
Some of our products have long and unpredictable sales cycles, which may impact our quarterly operating results.Transactions for some of our products, especially our Web access management products, often involve large expenditures by our customers. The sales cycles for these transactions can be long and unpredictable due to a number of uncertainties such as:
• | customers’ willingness to invest potentially substantial resources and modify their network infrastructures to take advantage of our products; | ||
• | customers’ budgetary constraints; | ||
• | the need to educate potential customers about our products’ capabilities; | ||
• | the timing of customers’ budget cycles; | ||
• | delays caused by customers’ internal review processes; and | ||
• | for sales to government customers, governmental regulatory, approval and purchasing requirements. |
During times when the global economy experiences weakness or uncertainty, we may have difficulty selling our products and services.The global economy, especially the technology sector, can be volatile, and an economic slowdown can have serious negative consequences for our business and operating results. For example, during a period of economic weakness or uncertainty, current or potential customers may defer purchases, go out of business or have insufficient capital to buy or pay for our products. During the last several years, we have observed that many companies have reduced their budgets for information technology products and services, which may reduce or eliminate some potential sales of our products and services. In addition, if our resellers and distributors experience financial difficulties due to an uncertain economy, then we may have difficulty selling to and collecting money from those resellers and distributors.
If we fail to remain competitive, then we could lose market share for our established products or fail to gain market share for our less mature products.We have seen increased competition in our market in recent years, and we expect this trend to continue. A number of
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competitive factors could cause us to lose potential sales or to sell our products at lower prices or at reduced margins, including, among others:
• | Some of our competitors offer e-security products with features and functionality that our products do not currently offer or at lower prices than we offer. In addition, our customers and potential customers may perceive some of our competitors’ products as being more convenient and easier to use than our products. | ||
• | Some computer and software companies that have not traditionally offered e-security products are now offering free or low-cost e-security products and functionality bundled with their own computer and software products. | ||
• | Some of our current and potential competitors have greater financial, marketing and technical resources than we do, allowing them to leverage an installed customer base and distribution network, adapt more quickly to new technologies and changes in customer requirements, or devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products than we can. | ||
• | Our industry is undergoing consolidation, with larger firms acquiring some of our competitors. A larger firm that acquires a competitor may be a greater threat to us than the original, smaller competitor was for the reasons described in the immediately preceding bullet point. | ||
• | Our issued U.S. patents expire at various dates ranging from 2005 to 2020. When each of our patents expires, competitors may develop and sell products based on the same or similar technologies as those covered by the expired patent. | ||
• | The expiration of some of our patents has also permitted the use and distribution of “freeware,” free versions of some of our technology, and we believe that some potential customers may be choosing to use freeware instead of buying our products. | ||
• | Many companies have reduced their information technology budgets due to the current economic conditions, which could make competition more intense because we are competing for fewer customer dollars. |
We depend heavily on key, talented employees in a competitive labor market.Our success depends on our ability to attract, motivate and retain skilled personnel, especially in the areas of management, sales and engineering. We compete with other companies for a small pool of highly qualified employees. Although we believe that our compensation plans are competitive, we may not be able to hire and retain the employees we need.
Our stock price has been volatile and is likely to remain volatile. From September 30, 2004 through October 27, 2005, our stock price has ranged from a per share high of $23.91 to a low of $9.99. A number of factors may contribute to the volatility of our stock price, including:
• | our ability to meet the expectations of brokerage firms, industry analysts and investors with respect to our operating and financial results; | ||
• | our public announcements and our competitors’ public announcements; | ||
• | the public’s perception of the strength of the e-security solutions market and technology companies generally; | ||
• | litigation developments; | ||
• | the volatility of the stock market in general and of the technology sector in particular; and | ||
• | general economic conditions. |
If the market for e-security solutions does not continue to grow, then demand for our products may decrease. The market for some of our e-security solutions is continuing to develop, and demand for our products depends on, among other things:
• | the perceived ability of our products to address real customer problems; | ||
• | the perceived quality, price, ease-of-use and interoperability of our products as compared to our competitors’ products; |
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• | the market’s perception of how easy or difficult it is to deploy our products, especially in complex, heterogeneous network environments; | ||
• | the continued evolution of electronic commerce as a viable means of conducting business; | ||
• | market acceptance and use of new technologies and standards; | ||
• | the ability of network infrastructures to support an increasing number of users and services; | ||
• | the public’s perception of the need for secure electronic commerce and communications over both wired and wireless computer networks; | ||
• | the U.S. government’s continued focus on e-security as a means to counteract terrorism and other hostile acts; | ||
• | the pace of technological change and our ability to keep up with these changes; | ||
• | the market’s perception of our products’ ability to address the e-security aspects of various laws; and | ||
• | general economic conditions, which, among other things, influence how much money our customers and potential customers are willing to allocate to their information technology budgets. |
Unless we keep up with the ongoing changes in e-security technology and standards, our products could become obsolete.Our success depends in part upon our ability to enhance our existing products and to introduce new, competitively priced products and solutions with features that meet changing market requirements, all in a timely and cost-effective manner. A number of factors, including the following, could have a negative impact on the success of our products:
• | quality, reliability or security failures, which could result in product returns, delays in collecting accounts receivable, unexpected service or warranty expenses, reduced orders and a decline in our competitive position; | ||
• | delays or difficulties in product development; | ||
• | our competitors’ introduction of new products or services ahead of our new products or services, or their introduction of superior or cheaper products or services; | ||
• | the availability of free, unpatented implementations of encryption algorithms and security protocols; | ||
• | the market’s failure to accept new technologies, including connected authentication devices, smart cards, enterprise strong authentication, Web access management, digital certificates and public and private key management; | ||
• | our failure to include features in our products, or obtain industry and governmental certifications, that our customers or U.S. or foreign government regulators may require; | ||
• | our failure to anticipate changes in customers’ requirements; and | ||
• | the implementation of industry or government standards that are inconsistent with the technology embodied in our products. |
To remain competitive we may need to acquire other companies or purchase or license technology from third parties in order to introduce new products or enhance our existing products. We may not be able to find businesses that have the technology we need and, if we find such businesses, may not be able to purchase or license the technology on commercially favorable terms or at all. Once we have completed an acquisition or technology license, the acquired business or our relationship with the licensor may not be successful. In addition, acquisitions and technology licenses are difficult to identify and complete for a number of reasons, including the cost of potential transactions, competition among prospective buyers and licensees and the need for regulatory approvals. In order to finance a potential transaction, we may need to raise additional funds by selling our stock or borrowing money. We may not be able to find financing on favorable terms, and the sale of our stock may result in the dilution of our existing stockholders.
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If any of our products are found to have, or suspected to have, security vulnerabilities, then we could incur significant costs and damage to our reputation.If any of our products are found to have significant security vulnerabilities, then we may need to dedicate engineering and other resources to eliminate the vulnerabilities and to repair or replace products already sold or licensed to our customers. In addition, our customers and potential customers could perceive our products as unreliable, making it more difficult for us to sell our products.
If we fail to obtain a sufficient supply of high-quality RSA SecurID authenticators or components, then we may be unable to fill customer orders or may need to replace defective authenticators shipped to our customers. Problems with the availability or quality of our products could cause our revenue to decrease and our costs to increase, damage our reputation in the marketplace and subject us to damage claims from our customers. Examples of quality and possible availability problems include:
• | In 2002 and 2003, our quarterly analysis of historical failure and defective return rates indicated that certain RSA SecurID authenticators produced between 2000 and 2002 were subject to higher defect and failure rates. | ||
• | Many of our suppliers are located outside of the United States. If political, economic, health-related or natural events, such as the U.S. actions in Iraq or the 2004 earthquake and tsunami disasters in Asia, were to affect international trade, then we could experience difficulties in obtaining product components from our international suppliers. | ||
• | We depend on a limited number of suppliers for some of our product components. If our existing suppliers were unable to provide us with a sufficient supply of quality components, then we would have to expend significant resources to find new suppliers, and it is possible that we would be unable to find new suppliers in a timely manner. |
International sales make up a significant portion of our business.International sales accounted for more than 40% of our total revenue in each of the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. There are certain risks inherent in doing business internationally, including:
• | foreign regulatory requirements and the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws; | ||
• | legal uncertainty regarding liability and the costs of resolving or litigating a dispute internationally; | ||
• | difficulties in the enforcement of intellectual property rights; | ||
• | export and import restrictions on cryptographic technology and products incorporating that technology; | ||
• | difficulties and delays in establishing international distribution channels; | ||
• | the need to tailor or “localize” our products in order to compete in particular international markets and to comply with foreign laws; | ||
• | difficulties in collecting international accounts receivable; | ||
• | fluctuations in currency exchange rates; | ||
• | potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on the repatriation of earnings; | ||
• | tariffs and other trade barriers; and | ||
• | political instability. |
Our excess facilities are costly.We currently lease a number of excess, unused or under-used facilities, and our lease commitments for some of these facilities will not expire for several years. Although we have found sublessees for most of these facilities, if any of our sublessees were to fail to pay their portion of the rent to our landlords due to financial difficulties or for any other reason, then we would be responsible for paying the full rental amount.
If we fail to protect our rights in our proprietary technology, competitors may use our technology, which could weaken our competitive position, reduce our revenue and increase our costs.We rely on a combination of patent, trade secret, copyright and
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trademark laws, software licenses, nondisclosure agreements and technical measures to protect our proprietary technology. However, despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized third parties may nonetheless succeed at:
• | copying aspects of our products; | ||
• | obtaining and using information that we regard as proprietary; or | ||
• | infringing upon our patents and other proprietary rights. |
We rely on patents to protect our proprietary rights in our technology, but patents may not provide complete protection:
• | It is possible that any patent that we or our licensors hold might be invalidated, circumvented, challenged or terminated. | ||
• | It is possible that patent examiners might reject the claims described in our pending or future patent applications. | ||
• | The laws of some countries in which our products are now, or may in the future be, developed or sold may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. | ||
• | All patents expire after a period of years. When each of our patents expires, other companies may develop and sell products based on our previously patented technology. | ||
• | During the life of a patent, third parties may design and sell “work-around” solutions that accomplish the goals of our patented inventions but do not infringe the patents themselves. |
Our industry is highly litigious.From time to time, we have been involved in disputes with third parties who allege that our products may infringe intellectual property rights held by the third parties. For example, in April 2005, Prism Technologies LLC filed a lawsuit against us and several other companies claiming that some of our products infringe Prism’s patent (see Part II, Item 1 (Legal Proceedings) of this report for more details). Any litigation carries a number of significant risks, including:
• | litigation is often very expensive, even if it is resolved in our favor; and | ||
• | litigation diverts the attention of management and other resources. |
Moreover, if a court or other government agency rules against us in any intellectual property litigation, we might be required to:
• | discontinue the use of certain processes; | ||
• | cease the manufacture, use and sale of infringing products; | ||
• | expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology; | ||
• | obtain licenses to the infringing technology; or | ||
• | pay significant monetary damages. |
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to a variety of risks, including changes in the market value of our marketable securities, investments, our common stock and foreign exchange rates. Market fluctuations could impact our results of operations and financial condition. In the normal course of business, we employ established policies and procedures to manage these risks.
Our marketable securities and cash equivalent investments are generally high credit quality instruments, primarily U.S. Treasury and government agency obligations, taxable municipal obligations and money market investments with the average maturity of the total investment portfolio being two years or less. For securities where the interest rate is adjusted periodically, the reset or auction date is used to determine the maximum maturity date. Accordingly, we believe that our potential interest rate exposure in investments is not material.
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As a global concern, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as our business practices evolve and could have a material adverse impact on our financial results. Our primary exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relate to sales and operating expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The operations of our foreign subsidiary in Ireland are measured using the U.S. dollar as its functional currency, while all of our other foreign branches and subsidiaries operations are measured using the local currencies as the functional currencies. Our sales to our customers in countries outside of the United States are primarily billed through Ireland and are thus denominated in U.S. dollars. When we do invoice customers in a non U.S. dollar currency, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations from the time of invoice until collection occurs. In Ireland, where we primarily invoice our customers in U.S. dollars, we pay our operating expenses in local currencies. Accordingly, fluctuations in the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar are reflected directly in our income statement. We are also exposed to foreign currency rate fluctuations for operating expenses paid in local currency. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could affect the profitability and cash flows in U.S. dollars of our products sold in international markets.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2005. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of September 30, 2005, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in that they (1) were designed to ensure that material information relating to RSA Security, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to our CEO and CFO by others within RSA Security, particularly during the period in which this Report was being prepared, and (2) provide reasonable assurance that information that we are required to disclose in the reports we file under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the SEC rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2005 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
On or about February 2, 2001, Leon Stambler filed a complaint for patent infringement in U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against RSA Security, VeriSign, Inc., First Data Corporation, Openwave Systems Inc., and Omnisky Corporation — Case Number 01-0065. The case went to trial in March 2003, and the jury determined that our products did not infringe Mr. Stambler’s patents. On April 17, 2003, the court entered final judgment in our favor on all claims of non-infringement. Mr. Stambler appealed the lower court’s decision to the United States Court of Appeals, and on or about February 11, 2005, the Court of Appeals issued a ruling denying Mr. Stambler’s request for a new trial and affirming the lower court’s ruling in our favor. The deadline for Mr. Stambler to appeal the ruling of the Court of Appeals has passed, and Mr. Stambler has not filed any further appeals. Therefore, this matter is concluded.
On or about April 11, 2005, Prism Technologies LLC filed a complaint for patent infringement in U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against RSA Security, VeriSign, Inc., Netegrity, Inc., Computer Associates International, Inc. and Johnson & Johnson — Case Number 05-214. In its complaint, Prism Technologies alleges that some of our products, including our RSA ClearTrust product, and certain products of each of the other defendants infringe a patent that Prism Technologies owns, and Prism Technologies seeks unspecified damages as well as a permanent injunction enjoining the defendants from infringing its patent. The parties are now conducting discovery. We cannot predict the outcome of this matter, but we believe that the disposition of the matter will not have a material adverse effect on our continuing operations and consolidated financial position. We have not accrued any amounts relative to this complaint at September 30, 2005 as the ultimate outcome of this case is neither probable nor estimable.
From time to time, we have been named as a defendant in other legal actions arising from our normal business activities, which we do not believe will have a material adverse effect on us or our business.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On September 3, 2004, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to 6,700,000 shares of our common stock through December 31, 2005. On July 21, 2005, we announced that our Board of Directors increased the number of shares of
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common stock that we are authorized to repurchase by an additional 2,000,000 shares, and extended the expiration date of the stock repurchase program to June 30, 2006.
The table below contains information about our activities under this common stock repurchase program during the quarter ended September 30, 2005.
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Total Number of | Maximum Number | |||||||||||||||
Shares Purchased | of Shares that May | |||||||||||||||
Total Number | as Part of Publicly | Yet Be Purchased | ||||||||||||||
of Shares | Average Price | Announced | Under the | |||||||||||||
Period | Purchased | Paid per Share | Program | Program | ||||||||||||
July 1-31, 2005 | 50,000 | $ 12.94 | 50,000 | 7,072,400 | ||||||||||||
August 1-31, 2005 | 385,779 | $ 12.73 | 385,779 | 6,686,621 | ||||||||||||
September 1-30, 2005 | 12,600 | $ 12.79 | 12,600 | 6,674,021 | ||||||||||||
Total | 448,379 | $ 12.75 | 448,379 | 6,674,021 |
Item 6.Exhibits
See the Exhibit Index attached to this Report.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
RSA SECURITY INC. | ||||
/s/ JEFFREY D. GLIDDEN | ||||
Senior Vice President, Finance and Operations, | ||||
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||
(Principal Financial Officer) |
Dated: November 7, 2005
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EXHIBIT INDEX
ITEM | DESCRIPTION | |
10.1 | Letter Agreement, dated July 19, 2005, between RSA Security and Charles R. Stuckey, Jr. is incorporated herein by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 22, 2005. | |
31.1 | Certification of our CEO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | |
31.2 | Certification of our CFO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | |
32.1 | Certifications of our CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350. |
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