Agreement and Plan of Merger
among
EMC Corporation,
Entrust Merger Corporation
and
RSA Security Inc.
Dated as of June 29, 2006
among
EMC Corporation,
Entrust Merger Corporation
and
RSA Security Inc.
Dated as of June 29, 2006
Table of Contents
Page | ||||||||
ARTICLE I The Merger | 1 | |||||||
1.1 | Effective Time of the Merger | 1 | ||||||
1.2 | Closing | 1 | ||||||
1.3 | Effects of the Merger | 1 | ||||||
1.4 | Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation | 1 | ||||||
ARTICLE II Conversion of Securities | 2 | |||||||
2.1 | Conversion of Capital Stock | 2 | ||||||
2.2 | Exchange of Certificates | 2 | ||||||
2.3 | Company Stock Plans | 4 | ||||||
2.4 | Dissenting Shares | 5 | ||||||
ARTICLE III Representations and Warranties of the Company | 5 | |||||||
3.1 | Organization, Standing and Power | 5 | ||||||
3.2 | Capitalization | 5 | ||||||
3.3 | Subsidiaries | 8 | ||||||
3.4 | Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents | 8 | ||||||
3.5 | SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Information Provided | 10 | ||||||
3.6 | No Undisclosed Liabilities | 11 | ||||||
3.7 | Absence of Certain Changes or Events | 11 | ||||||
3.8 | Taxes | 11 | ||||||
3.9 | Real Property | 12 | ||||||
3.10 | Intellectual Property | 13 | ||||||
3.11 | Contracts | 14 | ||||||
3.12 | Litigation | 15 | ||||||
3.13 | Environmental Matters | 15 | ||||||
3.14 | Employee Benefit Plans | 16 | ||||||
3.15 | Compliance With Laws | 17 | ||||||
3.16 | Permits | 17 | ||||||
3.17 | Labor Matters | 17 | ||||||
3.18 | Insurance | 17 | ||||||
3.19 | Opinion of Financial Advisor | 17 | ||||||
3.20 | Section 203 of the DGCL | 18 | ||||||
3.21 | Rights Agreement | 18 | ||||||
3.22 | Brokers | 18 | ||||||
3.23 | Export Control Laws | 18 | ||||||
ARTICLE IV Representations and Warranties of the Buyer and Merger Sub | 18 | |||||||
4.1 | Organization, Standing and Power | 18 | ||||||
4.2 | Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents | 18 | ||||||
4.3 | Information Provided | 19 | ||||||
4.4 | Operations of Merger Sub | 19 | ||||||
4.5 | Financing | 20 | ||||||
4.6 | Ownership of Company Common Stock | 20 | ||||||
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Page | ||||||||
ARTICLE V Conduct of Business | 20 | |||||||
5.1 | Covenants of the Company | 20 | ||||||
5.2 | Confidentiality | 22 | ||||||
ARTICLE VI Additional Agreements | 22 | |||||||
6.1 | No Solicitation | 22 | ||||||
6.2 | Proxy Statement | 25 | ||||||
6.3 | Nasdaq Quotation | 25 | ||||||
6.4 | Access to Information | 25 | ||||||
6.5 | Stockholders Meeting | 25 | ||||||
6.6 | Legal Conditions to the Merger | 26 | ||||||
6.7 | Public Disclosure | 27 | ||||||
6.8 | Indemnification | 27 | ||||||
6.9 | Notification of Certain Matters | 28 | ||||||
6.10 | Exemption from Liability under Section 16(b) | 28 | ||||||
6.11 | Employee Benefits and Service Credit | 29 | ||||||
6.12 | Termination of Benefits Plans | 29 | ||||||
6.13 | Takeover Statutes | 29 | ||||||
ARTICLE VII Conditions to Merger | 29 | |||||||
7.1 | Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation To Effect the Merger | 29 | ||||||
7.2 | Additional Conditions to Obligations of the Buyer and Merger Sub | 30 | ||||||
7.3 | Additional Conditions to Obligations of the Company | 31 | ||||||
ARTICLE VIII Termination and Amendment | 31 | |||||||
8.1 | Termination | 31 | ||||||
8.2 | Effect of Termination | 32 | ||||||
8.3 | Fees and Expenses | 32 | ||||||
8.4 | Amendment | 33 | ||||||
8.5 | Extension; Waiver | 33 | ||||||
ARTICLE IX Miscellaneous | 33 | |||||||
9.1 | Nonsurvival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements | 33 | ||||||
9.2 | Notices | 33 | ||||||
9.3 | Entire Agreement | 34 | ||||||
9.4 | No Third Party Beneficiaries | 34 | ||||||
9.5 | Assignment | 35 | ||||||
9.6 | Severability | 35 | ||||||
9.7 | Counterparts and Signature | 35 | ||||||
9.8 | Interpretation | 35 | ||||||
9.9 | Governing Law | 35 | ||||||
9.10 | Remedies | 35 | ||||||
9.11 | Submission to Jurisdiction | 36 | ||||||
9.12 | Disclosure Schedules | 36 | ||||||
9.13 | Company’s Knowledge | 36 | ||||||
Exhibit A Form of Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation | 38 |
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Table of Defined Terms
Terms | Section | |
Acquisition Proposal | 6.1(f) | |
Affiliate | 3.2(c) | |
Agreement | Introductory Statement | |
Alternative Acquisition Agreement | 6.1(b)(ii) | |
Antitrust Laws | 6.6(b) | |
Antitrust Order | 6.6(b) | |
Bankruptcy and Equity Exception | 3.4(a) | |
Business Day | 1.2 | |
Buyer | Introductory Statement | |
Buyer Employee Plan | 6.11 | |
Buyer Material Adverse Effect | 4.1 | |
Certificate | 2.2(b) | |
Certificate of Merger | 1.1 | |
Closing | 1.2 | |
Closing Date | 1.2 | |
Code | 2.2(f) | |
Company | Introductory Statement | |
Company Balance Sheet | 3.5(b) | |
Company Board | 3.4(a) | |
Company Common Stock | 2.1(b) | |
Company Disclosure Schedule | Article III | |
Company Employee Plans | 3.14(a) | |
Company ESPP | 2.3(d) | |
Company Financial Statements | 3.5(b) | |
Company Indemnification Obligations | 6.8(a) | |
Company Insiders | 6.10(b) | |
Company Intellectual Property | 3.10(b) | |
Company Leases | 3.9(c) | |
Company Material Adverse Effect | 3.1 | |
Company Material Contract | 3.11(a) | |
Company Meeting | 3.4(d) | |
Company Permits | 3.16 | |
Company Rights | 3.2(c) | |
Company Rights Plan | 3.2(c) | |
Company Rights Plan Amendment | 3.21 | |
Company SEC Reports | 3.5(a) | |
Company Source Code | 3.10(e) | |
Company Stock Options | 2.3(a)(i) | |
Company Stock Plans | 2.3(a) | |
Company Stockholder Approval | 3.4(a) | |
Company Voting Proposal | 3.4(a) | |
Company’s Knowledge | 9.12 | |
Confidentiality Agreement | 5.2 | |
Continuing Employees | 6.11 | |
Conversion Ratio | 2.3(a) | |
Current D&O Insurance | 6.8(c) |
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Terms | Section | |
Dissenting Shares | 2.4(a) | |
DGCL | 1.1 | |
Effective Time | 1.1 | |
Employee Benefit Plan | 3.14(a) | |
Environmental Law | 3.13(b) | |
ERISA | 3.14(a) | |
ERISA Affiliate | 3.14(a) | |
Exchange Act | 3.4(c) | |
Exchange Agent | 2.2(a) | |
Exchange Fund | 2.2(a) | |
Form S-8 | 2.3(c) | |
GAAP | 3.5(b) | |
Governmental Entity | 3.4(c) | |
Government Contract | 3.11(a) | |
Hazardous Substance | 3.13(c) | |
HSR Act | 3.4(c) | |
Indemnified Parties | 6.8(a) | |
Intellectual Property | 3.10(a) | |
IRS | 3.8(b) | |
Liens | 3.4(b) | |
Maximum Premium | 6.8(c) | |
Merger | Introduction | |
Merger Consideration | 2.1(c) | |
Notice of Superior Proposal | 6.1(b) | |
Merger Sub | Introductory Statement | |
Ordinary Course of Business | 3.2(e) | |
Outside Date | 8.1(b) | |
Person | 2.2(b) | |
Pre-Closing Period | 5.1 | |
Proxy Statement | 3.5(c) | |
Required Company Stockholder Vote | 3.4(d) | |
Reporting Tail Endorsement | 6.8(c) | |
Representatives | 6.1(a) | |
Restricted Shares | 3.2(b) | |
Sarbanes-Oxley Act | 3.5(a) | |
SEC | 3.4(c) | |
Section 16 Information | 6.10(b) | |
Securities Act | 3.2(c) | |
Specified Time | 6.1(a) | |
Subsidiary | 3.3(a) | |
Superior Proposal | 6.1(f) | |
Surviving Corporation | 1.3 | |
Tax Returns | 3.8(a) | |
Taxes | 3.8(a) | |
Termination Fee | 8.3(b) | |
Third Party Intellectual Property | 3.10(b) |
iv
Agreement and Plan of Merger
This Agreement and Plan of Merger (this “Agreement”) is dated as of June 29, 2006, among EMC Corporation, a Massachusetts corporation (the ‘‘Buyer”), Entrust Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Buyer (“Merger Sub”), and RSA Security Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).
Introduction
This Agreement contemplates the merger (the “Merger”) of Merger Sub with and into the Company on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, with the Company surviving the Merger. As a result of the Merger, the Company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of the Buyer. The Boards of Directors of each of the Buyer, Merger Sub and the Company have approved and declared advisable the Merger and adopted this Agreement.
Buyer, Merger Sub and the Company therefore agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
The Merger
1.1 Effective Time of the Merger. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, prior to the Closing, the Buyer and the Company shall jointly prepare, and immediately following the Closing, the Company shall cause to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, a certificate of merger (the “Certificate of Merger”) in such form as is required by, and executed by the Company in accordance with, the relevant provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) and shall make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such later time as is established by the Buyer and the Company and set forth in the Certificate of Merger (the “Effective Time”).
1.2 Closing. The closing of the Merger (the “Closing”) shall take place at 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on a date to be specified by the Buyer and the Company (the “Closing Date”), which shall be no later than the second Business Day after satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VII (other than delivery of items to be delivered at the Closing and other than satisfaction of those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, it being understood that the occurrence of the Closing shall remain subject to the delivery of such items and the satisfaction or waiver of such conditions at the Closing), at the offices of WilmerHale, 60 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts, unless another date, place or time is agreed to in writing by the Buyer and the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Business Day” shall be any day other than (a) a Saturday or Sunday or (b) a day on which banking institutions located in Boston, Massachusetts are permitted or required by law, executive order or governmental decree to remain closed.
1.3 Effects of the Merger. At the Effective Time (a) the separate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (the Company following the Merger is sometimes referred to herein as the “Surviving Corporation”) and (b) the certificate of incorporation of the Company as in effect on the date of this Agreement shall be amended in its entirety to read as set forth onExhibit A, until further amended in accordance with the DGCL. In addition, subject to Section 6.8(b) hereof, the Buyer shall cause the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation to be amended and restated in their entirety so that, immediately following the Effective Time, they are identical to the bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that all references to the name of Merger Sub therein shall be changed to refer to the name of the Company, and, as so amended and restated, such bylaws shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until further amended in accordance with the DGCL. The Merger shall have the effects set forth in Section 259 of the DGCL.
1.4 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation. The directors and officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors and officers of the Surviving Corporation,
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each to hold office in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE II
Conversion of Securities
2.1 Conversion of Capital Stock. As of the Effective Time and upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of any shares of the capital stock of the Company or capital stock of Merger Sub:
(a) Capital Stock of Merger Sub. Each share of the common stock of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Cancellation of Treasury Stock and Buyer-Owned Stock. All shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company (“Company Common Stock”) that are owned by the Company as treasury stock or by any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company and any shares of Company Common Stock owned by the Buyer, Merger Sub or any other wholly owned Subsidiary of the Buyer immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no stock of the Buyer or other consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Merger Consideration for Company Common Stock. Subject to Section 2.2, each share of Company Common Stock (other than shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and Dissenting Shares (as defined in Section 2.4(a) below)) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically converted into the right to receive $28 in cash per share (the “Merger Consideration”). As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Company Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any such shares of Company Common Stock shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to this Section 2.1(c) upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with Section 2.2, without interest.
(d) Adjustments to Merger Consideration. The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted to reflect fully the effect of any reclassification, stock split, reverse split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into Company Common Stock), reorganization, recapitalization or other like change with respect to Company Common Stock occurring (or for which a record date is established) after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time.
2.2 Exchange of Certificates. The procedures for exchanging outstanding shares of Company Common Stock for the Merger Consideration pursuant to the Merger are as follows:
(a) Exchange Agent. At or prior to the Effective Time, the Buyer shall deposit with Citibank, N.A. or another bank or trust company mutually and reasonably acceptable to the Buyer and the Company (the “Exchange Agent”), for the benefit of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, for payment through the Exchange Agent in accordance with this Section 2.2, cash in an amount sufficient to make payment of the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.1(c) in exchange for all of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock (the “Exchange Fund”). The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose. The Exchange Fund shall be invested by the Exchange Agent as directed by the Buyer;provided,however, that such investments shall be in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America, in commercial paper obligations ratedA-1 orP-1 or better by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Corporation, respectively, or in certificates of deposit, bank repurchase agreements or banker’s acceptances of commercial banks with capital exceeding $1 billion (based on the most recent financial statements of such bank which are then publicly available).
(b) Exchange Procedures. Promptly (and in any event within five Business Days) after the Effective Time, the Buyer shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of a certificate
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which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock (each, a “Certificate”) (i) a letter of transmittal in customary form and (ii) instructions for effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the Merger Consideration payable with respect thereto. Upon surrender of a Certificate for cancellation to the Exchange Agent, together with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be paid promptly in exchange therefor cash in an amount equal to the Merger Consideration that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article II, and the Certificate so surrendered shall immediately be cancelled. No interest will be paid or accrued on the cash payable upon the surrender of such Certificate or Certificates. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Company Common Stock which is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, the Merger Consideration may be paid to a Person (as defined in this Section 2.2(b)) other than the Person in whose name the Certificate so surrendered is registered, if such Certificate is presented to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and by evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been paid. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2, each Certificate shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration as contemplated by this Section 2.2. As used in this Agreement, “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, trust, Governmental Entity, unincorporated organization or other entity.
(c) No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock. All Merger Consideration paid upon the surrender of Certificates in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been paid in satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented by such Certificates, and from and after the Effective Time there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares of Company Common Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent for any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as provided in this Article II subject to Section 2.2(d).
(d) Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Company Common Stock for one year after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Buyer, upon demand, and any holder of Company Common Stock who has not previously complied with this Section 2.2 shall be entitled to receive only from the Buyer (subject to abandoned property, escheat and similar laws) payment (only as a general unsecured creditor) of its claim for Merger Consideration, without interest.
(e) No Liability. To the extent permitted by applicable law, none of the Buyer, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.
(f) Withholding Rights. Each of the Buyer, the Surviving Corporation and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or any other applicable state, local or foreign tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by the Surviving Corporation, the Buyer or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be, such withheld amounts (i) shall be remitted by the Buyer, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be, to the applicable Governmental Entity, and (ii) shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the shares of Company Common Stock in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by the Surviving Corporation, the Buyer or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be.
(g) Lost Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall pay, in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger
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Consideration to be paid in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented thereby pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that the Exchange Agent may, in its reasonable discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the record holder of any such Certificate evidencing Merger Consideration to deliver a bond in such sum as the Exchange Agent may reasonably direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against Buyer, the Surviving Corporation, the Exchange Agentand/or any of their respective representatives or agents with respect to such Certificate.
2.3 Company Stock Plans.
(a) At the Effective Time, each outstanding option to purchase Company Common Stock (“Company Stock Options”), whether vested or unvested, issued under any stock option plans or other equity-related plans or agreements of the Company or otherwise (the “Company Stock Plans”), shall be assumed by the Buyer and shall become an option to acquire, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the Company Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time, the number of shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Buyer (“Buyer Common Stock”) determined as follows:
(i) the number of shares of Buyer Common Stock subject to each Company Stock Option assumed by the Buyer shall be determined by multiplying the number of shares of Company Common Stock that were subject to such Company Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Conversion Ratio (as defined below), and rounding the resulting number down to the nearest whole number of shares of Buyer Common Stock; and
(ii) the per share exercise price for the Buyer Common Stock issuable upon exercise of each Company Stock Option assumed by the Buyer shall be determined by dividing the per share exercise price of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, by the Conversion Ratio, and rounding the resulting exercise price up to the nearest whole cent.
Any restriction on the exercise of any Company Stock Option assumed by the Buyer shall continue in full force and effect and the term, exercisability, vesting schedule and other provisions of such Company Stock Option shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the assumption of such Company Stock Option, in each case except to the extent otherwise provided in any Company Stock Plan or any stock option or other agreement between the holder of a Company Stock Option and the Company. The “Conversion Ratio” means the quotient of (x) the Merger Consideration, divided by (y) the average of the closing sale prices of a share of Buyer Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange for each of the five (5) consecutive trading days immediately preceding the Closing Date;provided,however, that if, between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or Buyer Common Stock are changed into a different number or class of shares by reason of any stock split, division or subdivision of shares, stock dividend, reverse stock split, consolidation of shares, reclassification, recapitalization or other similar transaction, then the Conversion Ratio shall be adjusted to the extent appropriate to reflect such occurrence.
(iii) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall (A) obtain the approval of the Company Board for the transactions described in this Section 2.3 in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Company Stock Plans and agreements and (B) provide Company Stock Option holders with any requisite advance notice of the transactions described in Section 2.3.
(b) As soon as practicable following the Effective Time, the Buyer shall provide or make available to the participants in the Company Stock Plans information regarding such participants’ rights pursuant to the Company Stock Options, as provided in this Section 2.3.
(c) The Buyer shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance under the Company Stock Plans a sufficient number of shares of Buyer Common Stock for delivery upon exercise of the Company Stock Options assumed in accordance with this Section 2.3. Within two (2) Business Days following the Effective Time the Buyer shall file a registration statement onForm S-8 (or any successor form) or another appropriate form with respect to the shares of Buyer Common Stock subject to such options and shall use its reasonable
4
efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or registration statements (and maintain the current status of the prospectus or prospectuses contained therein) for so long as such options remain outstanding.
(d) The Company shall terminate its 1994 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (the “Company ESPP”), in accordance with its terms effective as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, and there shall be no further liability or obligation of the Company (or any successor thereto) upon such termination (other than to return funds previously contributed).
2.4 Dissenting Shares.
(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time that are held by a holder who has made a proper demand for appraisal of such shares of Company Common Stock in accordance with the DGCL (any such shares being referred to as “Dissenting Shares” until such time as such holder fails to perfect or otherwise loses such holder’s appraisal rights under the DGCL with respect to such shares) shall not be converted into or represent the right to receive Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.1, but shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by the DGCL to a holder of Dissenting Shares.
(b) If any Dissenting Shares shall lose their status as such (through failure to perfect or otherwise), then, as of the later of the Effective Time or the date of loss of such status, such shares shall automatically be converted into and shall represent only the right to receive Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.1, without interest thereon, upon surrender of the Certificate formerly representing such shares.
(c) The Company shall give the Buyer: (i) prompt notice of any written demand for appraisal received by the Company prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the DGCL, any withdrawal of any such demand and any other demand, notice or instrument delivered to the Company prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the DGCL that relate to such demand; and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demand, notice or instrument. The Company shall not make any payment or settlement offer prior to the Effective Time with respect to any such demand, notice or instrument unless the Buyer shall have given its written consent to such payment or settlement offer.
ARTICLE III
Representations and Warranties of the Company
The Company represents and warrants to the Buyer and Merger Sub that the statements contained in this Article III are true and correct, except (a) as disclosed in the Company SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this Agreement or (b) as set forth herein or as disclosed in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to the Buyer and Merger Sub and dated as of the date of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Schedule”).
3.1 Organization, Standing and Power. The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted and is duly qualified to do business and, where applicable as a legal concept, is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character of the properties it owns, operates or leases or the nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except for such failures to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, that are not reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Company Material Adverse Effect” means any change, event, circumstance, violation or development that, individually or taken together with all other changes, events, circumstances, violations or developments, has a materially adverse effect on (i) the business, financial condition, operations or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided,however, that none of the following, or any change, event, circumstance or development
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resulting or arising from the following, shall constitute, or shall be considered in determining whether there has occurred, a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(a) economic factors affecting the national, regional or world economy or acts of war or terrorism (provided that such factors or acts do not affect the Company in a substantially disproportionate manner as compared to its competitors);
(b) factors generally affecting the industries or markets in which the Company operates (provided that such factors do not affect the Company in a substantially disproportionate manner as compared to its competitors);
(c) actions required to be taken by the parties under this Agreement or the pendency or announcement of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including actions of customers or any delays or cancellations of orders for products or losses of employees;
(d) any matters relating to or arising out of the inquiries and claims regarding the Company’s option grant practices described in Section 3.12 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, as well as any other matters relating to or arising out of the option grant practices that are the subject matter of such inquiries;
(e) changes in law, rules or regulations;
(f) changes in generally accepted accounting principles;
(g) any action which is specifically required by this Agreement (including Section 6.6) or at the written request of the Buyer;
(h) any fees or expenses incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(i) any failure by the Company to meet any projections, guidance, estimates, forecasts or milestones or published financial or operating predictions for or during any period ending (or for which results are released) on or after the date hereof (provided that the underlying causes of any such failures may (subject to the other provisions of this Agreement) be taken into account in making a determination as to whether there has been a Company Material Adverse Effect);
(j) any stockholder litigation arising from or relating to the Merger based on allegations that either the Company’s entry into this Agreement or the terms and conditions of this Agreement constituted a breach of the fiduciary duties of the Company Board or that the disclosures in the Proxy Statement were inadequate; and
(k) a decline in the price of the Company Common Stock (provided that the underlying causes of any such decline may (subject to the other provisions of this Agreement) be taken into account in making a determination as to whether there has been a Company Material Adverse Effect).
3.2 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company as of the date of this Agreement consists of 300,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock. The rights and privileges of the Company Common Stock are as set forth in the Company’s certificate of incorporation. At the close of business on June 28, 2006, 75,347,284 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding. No Subsidiary of the Company owns shares of Company Common Stock.
(b) The Company has made available to the Buyer a complete and accurate list, as of June 29, 2006 (a copy of which is attached asSchedule 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule), of: (i) all Company Stock Plans, indicating for each Company Stock Plan, as of such date, the number of shares of Company Common Stock issued under such Plan, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to outstanding options under such Plan and the number of shares of Company Common Stock reserved for future issuance under such Plan; (ii) all outstanding Company Stock Options (other than Company Stock Options issued pursuant to the Company ESPP), indicating with respect to each such Company Stock Option the name of the holder thereof, the Company Stock Plan under which it was granted, the number of shares of Company Common Stock
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subject to such Company Stock Option, the exercise price, the date of grant, and the vesting schedule, including whether (and to what extent) the vesting will be accelerated in any way by the Merger or by termination of employment or change in position following consummation of the Merger; and (iii) all outstanding awards under any Company Stock Plan of shares of Company Common Stock that are subject to repurchase by the Company pursuant to restricted stock or similar agreements with the Company (such shares, “Restricted Shares”), indicating with respect to each such award the name of the holder thereof, the Company Stock Plan under which it was granted, the number of shares of Company Common Stock covered thereby, the repurchase price relating thereto, the date of grant, and the vesting schedule, including whether (and to what extent) the vesting will be accelerated in any way by the Merger or by termination of employment or change in position following consummation of the Merger. The Company has made available to the Buyer complete and accurate copies of all (x) Company Stock Plans, (y) forms of stock option agreements evidencing Company Stock Options and (z) forms of agreements evidencing Restricted Shares.
(c) Except (i) as set forth in this Section 3.2, (ii) as reserved for future grants under Company Stock Plans, as of the date of this Agreement, and (iii) the rights to purchase Company Common Stock (the “Company Rights”) issued and issuable under the Rights Agreement dated as of July 20, 1999 between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2001 and by Amendment No. 2 to Rights Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2002 (as amended, the “Company Rights Plan”), (A) there are no equity securities of any class of the Company, or any security exchangeable into or exercisable for such equity securities, issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding and (B) there are no options, warrants, equity securities, calls, rights, commitments or agreements of any character to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, exchange, transfer, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, exchanged, transferred, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any security or rights convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any such shares or other equity interests, or obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to grant, extend, accelerate the vesting of, otherwise modify or amend or enter into any such option, warrant, equity security, call, right, commitment or agreement. The Company does not have any outstanding stock appreciation rights, phantom stock, performance based rights or similar rights or obligations. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates is a party to or is bound by any agreements or understandings with respect to the voting (including voting trusts and proxies) or sale or transfer (including agreements imposing transfer restrictions) of any shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company. For all purposes of this Agreement except for Section 4.6, the term “Affiliate” when used with respect to any Person means any other Person who is an “affiliate” of that first Person within the meaning of Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Except as contemplated by this Agreement or described in this Section 3.2, and except to the extent arising pursuant to applicable state takeover or similar laws, there are no registration rights, and there is no rights agreement, “poison pill” anti-takeover plan or other similar agreement or understanding to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or they are bound with respect to any equity security of any class of the Company.
(d) All outstanding shares of Company Common Stock are, and all shares of Company Common Stock subject to issuance as specified in Section 3.2(b) above, upon issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, will be, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call option, right of first refusal, preemptive right, subscription right or any similar right under any provision of the DGCL, the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or any agreement to which the Company is a party or is otherwise bound.
(e) There are no obligations, contingent or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of Company Common Stock or the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to provide funds to the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company other than guarantees of bank obligations of Subsidiaries of the Company entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business (as defined below). All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been offered, issued and sold by the Company in compliance in all material respects with federal, state and
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foreign securities laws and regulations applicable to the Company. As used in this Agreement, the “Ordinary Course of Business” means the ordinary course of business consistent in all material respects with past practice.
3.3 Subsidiaries.
(a) Section 3.3 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, as of the date of this Agreement, for each Subsidiary of the Company: (i) its name; (ii) the number and type of outstanding equity securities and a list of the holders thereof; and (iii) the jurisdiction of organization. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Subsidiary” means, with respect to any party, any corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company or other non-corporate business enterprise in which such party (or another Subsidiary of such party) holds stock or other ownership interests representing (A) more than 50% of the voting power of all outstanding stock or ownership interests of such entity or (B) the right to receive more than 50% of the net assets of such entity available for distribution to the holders of outstanding stock or ownership interests upon a liquidation or dissolution of such entity.
(b) Each Subsidiary of the Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such concepts are applicable) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation (to the extent such concepts are applicable) in each jurisdiction where the character of its properties owned, operated or leased or the nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except for such failures to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, that are not reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock and other equity securities or interests of each Subsidiary of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights and all such shares (other than directors’ qualifying shares in the case ofnon-U.S. Subsidiaries, all of which the Company has the power to cause to be transferred for no or nominal consideration to the Company or the Company’s designee) are owned, of record and beneficially, by the Company or another of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all security interests, liens, claims, pledges, agreements, limitations in the Company’s voting rights, charges or other encumbrances. There are no outstanding or authorized options, warrants, rights, agreements or commitments to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or which are binding on any of them providing for the issuance, disposition or acquisition of any capital stock of any Subsidiary of the Company. There are no outstanding stock appreciation, phantom stock or similar rights with respect to any Subsidiary of the Company. To the Company’s Knowledge, there are no voting trusts, proxies or other agreements or understandings with respect to the voting of any capital stock of any Subsidiary of the Company.
(c) The Company has made available to the Buyer complete and accurate copies of the charter, bylaws or other organizational documents of each Subsidiary of the Company.
(d) The Company does not control directly or indirectly or have any direct or indirect equity participation or similar interest in any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other business association or entity which is not a Subsidiary of the Company, other than securities in a publicly traded company held for investment by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and consisting of less than 5% of the outstanding capital stock of such company.
3.4 Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.
(a) The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and, subject to the adoption of this Agreement (the “Company Voting Proposal”) by the Company’s stockholders under the DGCL (the “Company Stockholder Approval”), to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Board of Directors of the Company (together with any duly constituted committee thereof, the “Company Board”), at a meeting duly called and held, (i) determined that the Merger is fair and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, (ii) approved this Agreement and declared its advisability in accordance with the provisions of the DGCL, (iii) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for their adoption and
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resolved to recommend that the stockholders of the Company vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement, and (iv) to the extent necessary, adopted a resolution having the effect of causing the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement not to be subject to any state takeover law or similar law that might otherwise apply to such execution, delivery, performance or consummation. None of such actions of the Company Board has been amended, rescinded or modified; provided that such actions may be amended, rescinded or modified after the date of this Agreement in accordance with Section 6.1. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Buyer and Merger Sub in Section 4.6, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by the Company have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, subject only to the required receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles (the “Bankruptcy and Equity Exception”).
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall not, (i) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company or of the charter, bylaws, or other organizational document of any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or loss of any material benefit) under, require a consent or waiver under, require the payment of a penalty under or result in the imposition of any mortgage, security interest, pledge, lien, charge or encumbrance (“Liens”) on the Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s assets under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any lease, license, contract or other agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound, or (iii) subject to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval and compliance with the requirements specified in clauses (i) through (v) of Section 3.4(c), conflict with or violate any permit, concession, franchise, license, judgment, injunction, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their respective properties or assets, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this Section 3.4(b) for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults, terminations, cancellations, accelerations, losses, penalties or Liens, and for any consents or waivers not obtained, that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(c) No consent, approval, license, permit, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any court, arbitrational tribunal, administrative agency or commission or other governmental or regulatory authority, agency or instrumentality (a “Governmental Entity”) or any stock market or stock exchange on which shares of Company Common Stock are listed for trading is required by or with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for (i) the pre-merger notification requirements under theHart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act”) and any other applicable Antitrust Laws, (ii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and appropriate corresponding documents with the appropriate authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business, (iii) the filing of the Proxy Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), (iv) the filing of such reports, schedules or materials under the Exchange Act as may be required in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (v) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under applicable state securities laws, and (vi) such other consents, approvals, licenses, permits, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, notices and filings which, if not obtained or made, would not be reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
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(d) Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Buyer and Merger Sub in Section 4.6, the affirmative vote for adoption of the Company Voting Proposal by the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock on the record date for the meeting of the Company’s stockholders (the “Company Meeting”) to consider the Company Voting Proposal (the “Required Company Stockholder Vote”) is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or other securities necessary for the adoption of this Agreement and for the consummation by the Company of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement. There are no bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the Company having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which stockholders of the Company may vote.
3.5 SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Information Provided.
(a) The Company has filed all registration statements, forms, reports and other documents required to be filed by the Company with the SEC since January 1, 2003. All such registration statements, forms, reports and other documents (including those that the Company may file after the date hereof until the Closing) are referred to herein as the “Company SEC Reports.” The Company SEC Reports (i) were or will be filed on a timely basis, (ii) at the time filed, complied, or will comply when filed, as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), as the case may be, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder applicable to such Company SEC Reports, and (iii) did not or will not at the time they were or are filed contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated in such Company SEC Reports or necessary in order to make the statements in such Company SEC Reports, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(b) Each of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, any related notes and schedules) contained or to be contained in the Company SEC Reports (“Company Financial Statements”) at the time filed (i) complied or will comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, (ii) was or will be prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes to such financial statements or, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, as permitted by the SEC onForm 10-Q under the Exchange Act), and (iii) fairly presented or will fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the periods indicated, except that the unaudited interim financial statements were or are subject to normal and recurring year-end adjustments. The consolidated unaudited balance sheet of the Company as of March 31, 2006 is referred to herein as the “Company Balance Sheet.”
(c) The information to be supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion in the proxy statement to be sent to the stockholders of the Company (the “Proxy Statement”) in connection with the Company Meeting shall not, on the date the Proxy Statement is first mailed to stockholders of the Company, at the time of the Company Meeting or at the Effective Time, contain any statement which, at such time and in light of the circumstances under which it shall be made, is false or misleading with respect to any material fact, or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made in the Proxy Statement not false or misleading in light of the circumstances under which they were or shall be made; or omit to state any material fact necessary to correct any statement in any earlier communication with respect to the solicitation of proxies for the Company Meeting which has become false or misleading. If at any time prior to the Company Meeting any fact or event relating to the Company or any of its Affiliates which should be set forth in a supplement to the Proxy Statement should be discovered by the Company or should occur, the Company shall, promptly after becoming aware thereof, inform the Buyer of such fact or event.
(d) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Each required form, report and document containing financial statements that has been filed with or submitted to the SEC since July 21, 2003 was accompanied by the certifications required to be filed or submitted by the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer pursuant to the
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Sarbanes-Oxley Act and, at the time of filing or submission of each such certification, such certification complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(e) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures required byRule 13a-15 or15d-15 under the Exchange Act. Such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that all material information concerning the Company is made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s filings with the SEC and other public disclosure documents. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing and other rules and regulations of The Nasdaq National Market.
(f) The Company has not had any material dispute with its independent public auditors regarding accounting matters or policies during any of its past three full fiscal years or during the current fiscal year. Since January 1, 2003, neither the Company nor any Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any director, officer, employee, auditor, accountant or representative of the Company or any Subsidiary has received any material, unresolved complaint, allegation, assertion or claim regarding accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company or any Subsidiary or their respective internal accounting controls or any material inaccuracy in the Company’s financial statements. No attorney representing the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any Subsidiary, has reported to the Company Board or any committee thereof or, to the Company’s Knowledge, to any director or officer of the Company evidence of a material violation of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or any of its officers, directors, employees or agents.
3.6 No Undisclosed Liabilities. Except as disclosed in the Company Balance Sheet and except for liabilities incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business between the date of the Company Balance Sheet and the date of this Agreement, the Company and its Subsidiaries do not have any liabilities of any nature required by GAAP to be reflected on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, are reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except as reflected in the Company Financial Statements, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a party to any material off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined in Item 303 ofRegulation S-K promulgated under the Exchange Act).
3.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Since the date of the Company Balance Sheet, there has not been a Company Material Adverse Effect. From the date of the Company Balance Sheet until the date of this Agreement, (a) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses only in the Ordinary Course of Business and (b) there has not been any action or event that would have required the consent of the Buyer under Section 5.1 of this Agreement (other than paragraph (b) of Section 5.1) had such action or event occurred after the date of this Agreement.
3.8 Taxes.
(a) Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has filed all Tax Returns that it was required to file, and all such Tax Returns were correct and complete, except for any failure to file or errors or omissions that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has paid on a timely basis all Taxes that are shown to be due on any such Tax Returns. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has requested any extensions of time within which to file any Tax Returns that have not since been filed. For purposes of this Agreement, (i) “Taxes” means all taxes or other similar assessments or liabilities in the nature of a tax, including income, gross receipts, ad valorem, premium, value-added, excise, real property, personal property, sales, use, services, transfer, withholding, employment, payroll and franchise taxes imposed by the United States of America or any state, local or foreign government, or any agency thereof, or other political subdivision of the United States or any such government, and any interest, fines, penalties, assessments or additions to tax resulting from, attributable to or incurred in connection with any tax or any contest or dispute thereof and (ii) “Tax Returns” means all reports, returns, declarations, statements or other information required to be supplied to a taxing authority in connection with Taxes.
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(b) The Company has made available to the Buyer correct and complete copies of all federal income Tax Returns and any associated examination reports and statements of deficiencies assessed against or agreed to by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2000. The federal income Tax Returns of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have been audited by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or are closed by the applicable statute of limitations for all taxable years through the taxable year specified in Section 3.8(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has waived any statute of limitations in respect of Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with respect to any material Tax assessment or deficiency. No examination or audit of any Tax Return of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by any Governmental Entity is currently in progress or, to the Company’s Knowledge, has been threatened and which is reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries: (i) has made any payments, is obligated to make any payments, or is a party to any agreement that could obligate it to make any payments that will be treated as an “excess parachute payment” under Section 280G of the Code; or (ii) has any actual or potential liability for any Taxes of any Person (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) under Treasury RegulationSection 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of law in any jurisdiction), or as a transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise. Section 3.8(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of each person the Company reasonably believes is a “disqualified individual” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations thereunder.
(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to include any material item of income in, or exclude any material item of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of any (i) change in method of accounting for a taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date; (ii) “closing agreement” described in Section 7121 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local, or foreign tax law); (iii) intercompany transactions or any excess loss account described in Treasury Regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local, or foreign tax law); (iv) installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date; or (v) prepaid amount received on or prior to the Closing Date, except for inclusions or exclusions that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(e) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code (i) in the two years prior to the date of this Agreement or (ii) in a distribution that could otherwise constitute part of a “plan” or “series of related transactions” within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code in conjunction with the Merger.
(f) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has complied with all applicable Tax laws relating to the payment and withholding of Taxes and has duly and timely withheld and paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority all amounts required to be so withheld and paid under all applicable Tax laws, except for failures to comply, withhold or pay that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(g) None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has participated in any way (i) in any “tax shelter” within the meaning of Section 6111 (as in effect prior to the enactment of P.L. 108-357 or any comparable laws of jurisdictions other than the United States) of the Code or (ii) in any “reportable transaction” within the meaning of TreasuryRegulation Section 1.6011-4 (as in effect at the relevant time) (or any comparable regulations of jurisdictions other than the United States).
3.9 Real Property.
(a) Section 3.9(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list as of the date of this Agreement of all real property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and material to the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted, and the location of the premises.
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(b) Section 3.9(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list as of the date of this Agreement of all real property leased, subleased or licensed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and material to the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted (collectively “Company Leases”), and the location of the premises. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other party to any Company Lease is in default under any of the Company Leases, except where the existence of such defaults, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries leases, subleases or licenses any real property to any Person other than the Company and its Subsidiaries where such lease, sublease or license is material to the financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. The Company has made available to the Buyer complete and accurate copies of all Company Leases.
3.10 Intellectual Property.
(a) To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries own, license, sublicense or otherwise possess legally enforceable rights to use all Intellectual Property used to conduct the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted, the absence of which, individually or in the aggregate, is reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Intellectual Property” means (i) patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, copyrights, designs and trade secrets, (ii) applications for and registrations of such patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, copyrights and designs, (iii) processes, formulae, methods, schematics, technology, know-how, computer software programs and applications, and (iv) other tangible or intangible proprietary or confidential information and materials.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Merger will not (i) result in the breach of, or create on behalf of any third party the right to terminate or modify, or otherwise result in the acceleration of any material right or obligation under, (A) any license, sublicense or other agreement relating to any Intellectual Property owned by the Company that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted (the “Company Intellectual Property”), or (B) any license, sublicense and other agreement as to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party and pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is authorized to use any third party Intellectual Property that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted (the “Third Party Intellectual Property”), or (ii) result in a release, the grant of a material license, or the grant of any incremental material license right in any Company Intellectual Property to any Person.
(c) All patents and registrations for trademarks, service marks and copyrights which are held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and which are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted, are, to the Company’s Knowledge, valid, subsisting, and have not expired or been cancelled or abandoned, and the Company or one of its Subsidiaries is the record owner of each. To the Company’s Knowledge, no third party is infringing, violating, diluting, or misappropriating any of the Company Intellectual Property, except for infringements, violations or misappropriations that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(d) To the Company’s Knowledge, the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted does not infringe, dilute, violate or constitute a misappropriation of any Intellectual Property of any third party, except for such infringements, dilutions, violations and misappropriations that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Since January 1, 2004, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written claim or notice alleging any such infringement, dilution, violation or misappropriation.
(e) To the Company’s Knowledge, between January 1, 2003 and the date of this Agreement, no release by the Company or any escrow agent to any third party of any Company Source Code has occurred.
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“Company Source Code” means, collectively, any human readable software source code, or any material portion or aspect of the software source code which comprise part of the Company Intellectual Property.
(f) To the Company’s Knowledge, Section 3.10(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all contracts with any Governmental Entity, pursuant to which material computer software programs or technology owned or co-owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries were developed or co-developed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.11 Contracts.
(a) The Company has made available to the Buyer a copy of each Company Material Contract in effect on the date of this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, “Company Material Contract” means (i) any agreement, contract or commitment in connection with which or pursuant to which the Company and its Subsidiaries is reasonably likely to spend or receive, in the aggregate, more than $1,000,000 during the current fiscal year or during the next fiscal year, (ii) any non-competition or other agreement that prohibits or otherwise restricts, in any material respect, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from freely engaging anywhere in the world in any business that is material to the business currently conducted by the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iii) any material contract granting most favored nation pricing, preferred pricing, exclusive sales, distribution, marketing or other exclusive rights, rights of refusal, rights of first negotiation or similar rightsand/or terms to any Person, (iv) any trust indenture, mortgage, promissory note, loan agreement, credit agreement or other contract for the borrowing of $1,000,000 or more, or any currency exchange, commodities or other hedging arrangement or any leasing transaction involving greater than $5,000,000 of the type required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP, (v) any contract of guarantee, support, assumption or endorsement of, or any similar commitment with respect to, the obligations, liabilities or indebtedness of any other Person other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries involving greater than $1,000,000, (vi) any joint venture contract, (vii) any contract with any Governmental Entity involving greater than $1,000,000 (“Government Contract”), (viii) any “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) ofRegulation S-K of the SEC) with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, and (ix) any employment, consulting or other similar agreement with any executive officer or other employee of the Company earning an annual base salary in excess of $200,000 or with any member of the Company Board, other than those that are terminable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on no more than 30 days’ notice without liability or financial obligation to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) Each Company Material Contract is in full force and effect except to the extent it has previously expired in accordance with its terms or where the failure to be in full force and effect, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other party to any Company Material Contract is in violation of or in default under (nor does there exist any condition which, upon the passage of time or the giving of notice or both, would cause such a violation of or default under) any Company Material Contract, except for violations or defaults that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or otherwise be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any transaction that would be subject to proxy statement disclosure pursuant to Item 404 ofRegulation S-K.
(d) To the Company’s Knowledge, with respect to any Government Contract, there is not any existing: (i) civil fraud or criminal investigation by any Governmental Entity; (ii) qui tamaction brought against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under the Civil False Claims Act; (iii) suspension or debarment proceeding (or equivalent proceeding) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (iv) claim or request by a Governmental Entity for a contract price adjustment based on asserted: defective pricing; disallowance of cost or non compliance with statute, regulation or contract; (v) dispute involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on a Government Contract, or (vi) claim or equitable adjustment by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to a Government Contract, in each case in this paragraph (d) except for investigations, actions, proceedings, claims or disputes that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to
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result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material liability for renegotiation of any Government Contracts.
3.12 Litigation. There is no action, suit, proceeding, claim, arbitration or investigation pending and of which the Company has been notified or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case that, individually or in the aggregate, is reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. There are no material judgments, orders or decrees outstanding against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any material action, suit, proceeding, claim or arbitration pending against any other Person.
3.13 Environmental Matters.
(a) Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole:
(i) neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries has received any written notice alleging any of them has not complied with applicable Environmental Laws;
(ii) to the Company’s Knowledge, the properties currently owned or operated by the Company and its Subsidiaries (including soils, groundwater, surface water, buildings or other structures) are not contaminated with any Hazardous Substances in an amount or concentration that would give rise to an obligation to act or disclose that condition under any Environmental Law;
(iii) to the Company’s Knowledge, the properties formerly owned or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries were not contaminated with Hazardous Substances in an amount or concentration that would give rise to an obligation to act or disclose that condition under any Environmental Law during the period of ownership or operation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received a written notice that it is subject to liability for any Hazardous Substance disposal or contamination in violation of any Environmental Law on the property of any third party;
(v) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have released any Hazardous Substance into the environment except (A) in compliance with law or (B) in an amount or concentration that would not be expected to give rise to a liability or obligation under any Environmental Law;
(vi) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice, demand, claim or request for information alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be in violation of, liable under or have obligations under any Environmental Law; and
(vii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any orders, decrees or injunctions by any Governmental Entity or is subject to any indemnity agreement with any third party addressing liability under any Environmental Law.
(b) For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Environmental Law” means any law, regulation, order, decree or permit requirement of any governmental jurisdiction relating to: (i) the protection, investigation or restoration of the environment, human health and safety, or natural resources, (ii) the handling, use, storage, treatment, transport, disposal, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance or (iii) noise, odor or wetlands protection.
(c) For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Hazardous Substance” means: (i) any substance that is regulated or which falls within the definition of a “hazardous substance,” “hazardous waste” or “hazardous material” pursuant to any Environmental Law; or (ii) any petroleum product or by-product, asbestos-containing material, polychlorinated biphenyls, radioactive materials or radon.
(d) The parties agree that the only representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement as to any environmental matters or any other obligation or liability with respect to Hazardous Substances or materials of environmental concern are those contained in this Section 3.13. Without limiting the generality of
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the foregoing, the Buyer specifically acknowledges that the representations and warranties contained in Sections 3.15 and 3.16 do not relate to environmental matters.
3.14 Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Section 3.14(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list, as of the date of this Agreement, of all Employee Benefit Plans maintained, or contributed to, by the Company, any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any of their ERISA Affiliates (together, the “Company Employee Plans”). For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (i) “Employee Benefit Plan” means any “employee pension benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), any “employee welfare benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), and any other written or oral plan, agreement or arrangement involving direct or indirect compensation involving more than one person or monetary benefits in excess of $100,000, including insurance coverage, severance benefits, disability benefits, deferred compensation, bonuses, stock options, stock purchase, phantom stock, stock appreciation or other forms of incentive compensation or post-retirement compensation and all change in control and retention agreements, for the benefit of, or relating to, any current or former employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an ERISA Affiliate; (ii) “ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended; and (iii) “ERISA Affiliate” means any entity which is a member of (A) a controlled group of corporations (as defined in Section 414(b) of the Code), (B) a group of trades or businesses under common control (as defined in Section 414(c) of the Code), or (C) an affiliated service group (as defined under Section 414(m) of the Code or the regulations under Section 414(o) of the Code), any of which includes or included the Company or a Subsidiary of the Buyer.
(b) With respect to each Company Employee Plan, the Company has made available to the Buyer a complete and accurate copy of (i) such Company Employee Plan, (ii) the most recent annual report (Form 5500) filed with the IRS and (iii) each trust agreement, group annuity contract and summary plan description, if any, relating to such Company Employee Plan.
(c) Each Company Employee Plan is being administered in all material respects in accordance with ERISA, the Code and all other applicable laws and the regulations thereunder and in accordance with its terms.
(d) With respect to the Company Employee Plans, there are no benefit obligations for which contributions have not been made or properly accrued to the extent required by GAAP. The assets of each Company Employee Plan which is funded are reported at their fair market value on the books and records of such Employee Benefit Plan.
(e) All the Company Employee Plans that are intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code have received determination letters from the IRS to the effect that such Company Employee Plans are qualified and the plans and trusts related thereto are exempt from federal income taxes under Sections 401(a) and 501(a), respectively, of the Code, no such determination letter has been revoked and revocation has not been threatened, and no such Employee Benefit Plan has been amended or operated since the date of its most recent determination letter or application therefor in any respect, and no act or omission has occurred, that would adversely affect its qualification or materially increase its cost.
(f) Neither the Company, any of the Company’s Subsidiaries nor any of their ERISA Affiliates has (i) ever maintained a Company Employee Plan which was ever subject to Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA, (ii) ever sponsored or been obligated to contribute to a “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA), or (iii) sponsored or contributed to any multiple employer plan.
(g) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any oral or written (i) agreement with any stockholders, director or executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (A) the benefits of which are contingent, or the terms of which are materially altered, upon the execution of this Agreement or the occurrence of a transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of the nature of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (either alone or in connection with another event), (B) providing any term of employment or compensation guarantee or (C) providing severance benefits or other benefits after the termination of employment of such director, executive officer or key employee; or (ii) agreement or plan
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binding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including any stock option plan, stock appreciation right plan, restricted stock plan, stock purchase plan or severance benefit plan, any of the benefits of which shall be increased, or the vesting of the benefits of which shall be accelerated, by the occurrence of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the value of any of the benefits of which shall be calculated on the basis of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(h) None of the Company Employee Plans promises or provides retiree medical or other retiree welfare benefits to any person, except as required by applicable law.
3.15 Compliance With Laws. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance with, and is not in violation of, any applicable statute, law or regulation with respect to the conduct of its business, or the ownership or operation of its properties or assets, including, without limitation, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any rules or regulations thereunder or any similar anti-corruption or anti-bribery requirements applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in any jurisdiction other than the United States, in each case except for failures to comply or violations that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.16 Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have all permits, licenses and franchises from Governmental Entities required to conduct their businesses as now being conducted, except for such permits, licenses and franchises the absence of which, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (the “Company Permits”). The Company Permits are in full force and effect, except for any failures to be in full force and effect that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of the Company Permits, except for such failures to comply that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.17 Labor Matters. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has committed an unfair labor practice (or is the subject of any proceeding asserting that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has committed an unfair labor practice) that , individually or in the aggregate, is reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is a party to, bound by or currently negotiating any collective bargaining agreement or other labor union contract or (ii) is the subject of any proceeding seeking to compel it to bargain with any labor union or labor organization, and to the Company’s Knowledge, there are not as of the date of this Agreement any activities or proceedings of any labor union or labor organization to organize any employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries. There are no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened labor strikes, disputes, walkouts, work stoppages, slow-downs or lockouts involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, are reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.18 Insurance. Section 3.18 of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all material policies of insurance and bonds of the Company or any Subsidiary that are currently in effect, correct and complete copies of which have been made available to the Buyer. Section 3.18 of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each material insurance claim made by the Company or its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2004. As of the date of this Agreement, there is no material claim pending under any of such policies or bonds as to which coverage has been questioned, denied or disputed by the underwriters of such policies or bonds. All premiums due and payable under all such policies and bonds have been timely paid and the Company and each Subsidiary is otherwise in material compliance with the terms of such policies and bonds, except for any noncompliance that, individually or in the aggregate, is reasonably likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.19 Opinion of Financial Advisor. The financial advisor of the Company, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., has delivered to the Company an opinion dated the date of this Agreement to the effect that, as of such date, the Merger Consideration is fair to the holders of Company Common Stock from a financial point of view.
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3.20 Section 203 of the DGCL. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Buyer and Merger Sub in Section 4.6, the Company Board has taken all actions necessary so that (i) the restrictions contained in Section 203 of the DGCL applicable to a “business combination” (as defined in Section 203) shall not apply to the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (ii) no takeover-related provision in the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws would prohibit, restrict, invalidate or void the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.21 Rights Agreement. The Company has duly entered into an amendment to the Company Rights Plan, a signed copy of which has been delivered to the Buyer (the “Company Rights Plan Amendment”), and taken all other action necessary or appropriate so that the entering into of this Agreement and consummation of the Merger does not and will not result in the ability of any Person to exercise any of the Company Rights under the Company Rights Plan or enable or require the Company Rights issued thereunder to separate from the shares of Company Common Stock to which they are attached or to be triggered or become exercisable or cease to be redeemable.
3.22 Brokers. No agent, broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other firm or Person is or shall be entitled, as a result of any action, agreement or commitment of the Company or any of its Affiliates, to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., whose fees and expenses shall be paid by the Company. The Company has provided to the Buyer a true and correct copy of its engagement letter with J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
3.23 Export Control Laws. The Company has conducted its export transactions in accordance with applicable provisions of United States export control laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Export Administration Act and implementing Export Administration Regulations, except for such failures to comply that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
ARTICLE IV
Representations and Warranties of the Buyer and Merger Sub
The Buyer and Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company that the statements contained in this Article IV are true and correct.
4.1 Organization, Standing and Power. Each of the Buyer and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and is duly qualified to do business and, where applicable as a legal concept, is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character of the properties it owns, operates or leases or the nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except for such failures to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, that are not reasonably likely to have a Buyer Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Buyer Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on the ability of the Buyer or Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.2 Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.
(a) Each of the Buyer and Merger Sub has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by the Buyer and Merger Sub have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of each of the Buyer and Merger Sub. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each of the Buyer and Merger Sub
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and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of each of the Buyer and Merger Sub, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by each of the Buyer and Merger Sub do not, and the consummation by the Buyer and Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall not, (i) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Buyer or Merger Sub, (ii) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or loss of any material benefit) under, require a consent or waiver under, constitute a change in control under, require the payment of a penalty under or result in the imposition of any Lien on the Buyer’s or Merger Sub’s assets under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any lease, license, contract or other agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Buyer or Merger Sub is a party or by which any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound, or (iii) subject to compliance with the requirements specified in clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 4.2(c), conflict with or violate any permit, concession, franchise, license, judgment, injunction, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Buyer or Merger Sub or any of its or their respective properties or assets, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this Section 4.2(b) for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults, terminations, cancellations, accelerations, losses, penalties or Liens, and for any consents or waivers not obtained, that, individually or in the aggregate, would not be reasonably likely to have a Buyer Material Adverse Effect.
(c) No consent, approval, license, permit, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any Governmental Entity or any stock market or stock exchange on which shares of Buyer Common Stock are listed for trading is required by or with respect to the Buyer or Merger Sub in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Buyer or Merger Sub or the consummation by the Buyer or Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for (i) the pre-merger notification requirements under the HSR Act and any other applicable Antitrust Laws, (ii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and appropriate corresponding documents with the appropriate authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business, (iii) the filing of such reports, schedules or materials under the Exchange Act as may be required in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (iv) the filing with the SEC of theForm S-8, (v) such other filings and notifications as may be required to be made under federal, state or foreign securities laws or the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, and (vi) such other consents, approvals, licenses, permits, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, notices and filings which, if not obtained or made, would not be reasonably likely to have a Buyer Material Adverse Effect.
(d) No vote of the holders of any class or series of the Buyer’s capital stock or other securities is necessary for the consummation by the Buyer of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.3 Information Provided. The information to be supplied by or on behalf of the Buyer in writing for inclusion in the Proxy Statement to be sent to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the Company Meeting shall not, on the date the Proxy Statement is first mailed to stockholders of the Company, at the time of the Company Meeting or at the Effective Time, contain any statement which, at such time and in light of the circumstances under which it shall be made, is false or misleading with respect to any material fact, or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made in the Proxy Statement not false or misleading; or omit to state any material fact necessary to correct any statement in any earlier communication with respect to the solicitation of proxies for the Company Meeting which has become false or misleading. If at any time prior to the Company Meeting any fact or event relating to the Buyer or any of its Affiliates which should be set forth in a supplement to the Proxy Statement should be discovered by the Buyer or should occur, the Buyer shall, promptly after becoming aware thereof, inform the Company of such fact or event.
4.4 Operations of Merger Sub. Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, has engaged in no other business activities and has conducted its operations only as contemplated by this Agreement.
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4.5 Financing. The Buyer and Merger Sub have, and will on the Closing Date have, sufficient cash resources available to perform all of their respective obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Merger.
4.6 Ownership of Company Common Stock. The Buyer, together with its “Affiliates” and “Associates,” is not an “Interested stockholder,” as those terms are defined in Section 203 of the DGCL.
ARTICLE V
Conduct of Business
5.1 Covenants of the Company. Except as expressly provided or permitted herein, set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule or as consented to in writing by the Buyer (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), during the period commencing on the date of this Agreement and ending at the Effective Time or such earlier date as this Agreement may be terminated in accordance with its terms (the “Pre-Closing Period”), the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, use commercially reasonable efforts (a) to act and carry on its business in the Ordinary Course of Business and in material compliance with all applicable laws and Company Material Contracts, (b) pay all of its material debts and Taxes when due (subject to good faith disputes over such debts or Taxes) and pay or perform its other material obligations when due, and (c) keep available the services of its present officers and key employees and preserve its relationships with material customers, suppliers, distributors, licensors, licensees, and others having material business dealings with it. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as expressly provided or permitted herein or as set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, during the Pre-Closing Period the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, do any of the following without the prior written consent of the Buyer:
(a) (i) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions (whether in cash, securities or other property) in respect of, any of its capital stock (other than dividends and distributions by a direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company to its parent), (ii) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or any of its other securities; (iii) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or any other of its securities or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares or other securities, except, in the case of this clause (iii), for the acquisition of shares of Company Common Stock (and corresponding Company Rights) (A) from holders of Company Stock Options in full or partial payment of the exercise price payable by such holder upon exercise of Company Stock Options to the extent required or permitted under the terms of such Company Stock Options or (B) from former employees, directors and consultants in accordance with agreements providing for the repurchase of shares at their original issuance price in connection with any termination of services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) amend or modify the Company Rights Plan (except in a manner consistent with Section 6.1) or adopt or enter into any new “shareholder rights plan” or similar anti-takeover agreement or plan;
(b) except as permitted by Section 5.1(i), issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge or otherwise dispose of or encumber any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares, voting securities or convertible or exchangeable securities, in each case other than the issuance of shares of Company Common Stock (and corresponding Company Rights) (i) upon the exercise of Company warrants described in Section 3.2(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (ii) upon the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on the date of this Agreement or (iii) pursuant to the Company ESPP;
(c) amend its certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other comparable charter or organizational documents;
(d) except as described in Section 3.2(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, acquire (i) by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing all or a substantial portion of the assets or any stock of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability
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company, association or other business organization or division thereof or (ii) any assets that are material, in the aggregate, to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except purchases of inventory and raw materials in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(e) sell, lease, license, pledge, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any material properties or material assets of the Company or of any of its Subsidiaries other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(f) (i) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantee any such indebtedness of another Person (other than letters of credit or similar arrangements issued to or for the benefit of suppliers and manufacturers in the Ordinary Course of Business), (ii) issue, sell or amend any debt securities or warrants or other rights to acquire any debt securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, guarantee any debt securities of another Person, enter into any “keep well” or other agreement to maintain any financial statement condition of another Person or enter into any arrangement having the economic effect of any of the foregoing, (iii) make any loans, advances (other than routine advances to employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries in the Ordinary Course of Business) or capital contributions to, or investment in, any other Person, other than the Company or any of its direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiaries, or, except for the write off of accounts receivable in the Ordinary Course of Business, forgive or discharge in whole or in part any outstanding loans or advances,provided,however, that the Company may, in the Ordinary Course of Business, invest in debt securities maturing not more than 90 days after the date of investment, or (iv) other than in the Ordinary Course of Business, enter into any hedging agreement or other financial agreement or arrangement designed to protect the Company or its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in exchange rates;
(g) make any capital expenditures or other expenditures with respect to property, plant or equipment in excess of $1,000,000 in the aggregate for the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than as set forth in the Company’s budget for capital expenditures previously made available to the Buyer;
(h) make any material changes in accounting methods, principles or practices, or revalue any of its material assets, except insofar as may have been required by a concurrent change in GAAP as concurred with by its independent auditors;
(i) except as required (A) to comply with applicable law or agreements, plans or arrangements existing on the date hereof and (B) for the payment of annual bonuses to employees for the Company’s 2006 fiscal year in accordance with the Company’s 2006 bonus plans as in effect on the date hereof and administered in accordance with past practice, copies of which have been made available to the Buyer, (i) adopt, enter into, terminate or materially amend any employment, severance or similar agreement or material benefit plan for the benefit or welfare of any current or former director, officer or employee (except in the Ordinary Course of Business and only if such arrangement is terminable on 30 days’ or less notice without either a penalty or a termination payment), (ii) increase in any material respect the compensation or fringe benefits of, or pay any bonus to, any director, officer or employee (except for annual increases of salaries in the Ordinary Course of Business), (iii) accelerate the payment, right to payment or vesting of any material compensation or benefits, including any outstanding options or restricted stock awards, (iv) grant any stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock based or stock related awards, performance units or restricted stock, except for the grant of options to purchase up to 50,000 shares of Company Common Stock to any individual (but not more than 500,000 shares of Company Common Stock in the aggregate), which options shall have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company Common Stock on a date no earlier than the date of the corporate action authorizing the grant and which options shall otherwise be upon the Company’s customary terms, (v) take any action other than in the Ordinary Course of Business to fund or in any other way secure the payment of compensation or benefits under any Company Employee Plan, or (vi) accelerate, amend or change the period of exercisability or vesting of any options or other rights granted under the Company Stock Plans or the Company ESPP or the vesting of the securities purchased or purchasable under such options or other rights or the vesting schedule or repurchase rights applicable to any unvested securities issued under
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such stock plans or otherwise amend or change any other terms of such options, rights or unvested securities;
(j) (i) file any income Tax Return or other Tax Return showing an amount of Tax due in excess of $1,000,000, or any amendment to any income Tax Return or other Tax Return, which amendment requires a payment of an amount of Taxes in excess of $1,000,000, unless copies of such Tax Return or amendment have first been delivered to the Buyer for its review at a reasonable time prior to filing, (ii) except as required by law, make or change any material election in respect of Taxes or adopt or change any material accounting method in respect of Taxes, or (iii) enter into any closing agreement, settle any claim or assessment in respect of Taxes for an amount in excess of $1,000,000, or consent to any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any claim or assessment in respect of Taxes;
(k) enter into any contract that would constitute a Company Material Contract, or terminate, materially amend, or otherwise materially modify or waive any of the material terms of any Company Material Contract, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(l) transfer or license to any Person any rights to any Intellectual Property or transfer or license from any Person any Intellectual Property other than in the Ordinary Course of Business, or transfer or provide a copy of any source code of the Company to any Person;
(m) materially change the amount of any insurance coverage;
(n) (A) commence a lawsuit other than (1) for the routine collection of bills, (2) in such cases where it in good faith determines that failure to commence suit would result in the material impairment of a valuable asset or aspect of its business, or (3) in connection with or otherwise related to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, or (B) settle or agree to settle any pending or threatened lawsuit or other dispute other than settlements with prejudice entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business and requiring of the Company and its Subsidiaries only the payment of monetary damages not exceeding $500,000 or involving ordinary course collection claims for accounts receivable due and payable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or
(o) authorize any of, or commit or agree, in writing or otherwise, to take any of, the foregoing actions.
5.2 Confidentiality. The parties acknowledge that the Buyer and the Company have previously executed a confidentiality agreement, dated as of May 11, 2006 (the “Confidentiality Agreement”), which Confidentiality Agreement shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with its terms, except as expressly modified herein.
ARTICLE VI
Additional Agreements
6.1 No Solicitation.
(a) No Solicitation or Negotiation. Except as set forth in this Section 6.1, until the termination of this Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof (the “Specified Time”), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, and the Company shall direct and use reasonable efforts to cause its directors, officers, employees, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other advisors or representatives (such directors, officers, employees, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants, other advisors and representatives, collectively, “Representatives”) not to, directly or indirectly:
(i) solicit, initiate, knowingly encourage or knowingly facilitate the making of any inquiry, indication of interest, proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal; or
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(ii) enter into, continue or otherwise participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or furnish or make available to any Person any non-public information for the purpose of encouraging or facilitating, any inquiry, indication of interest, proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, in response to a written, bona fide Acquisition Proposal that did not result from a breach (other than an immaterial breach) of this Section 6.1, and subject to compliance with Section 6.1(c), the Company may, so long as the Company Stockholder Approval has not yet been obtained, (A) furnish or make available information with respect to the Company to any Person (and the Representatives of such Person) making an Acquisition Proposal that the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel and its financial advisors) is, or could reasonably be expected to lead to, a Superior Proposal, pursuant to a confidentiality agreement not materially less restrictive of the other party than the Confidentiality Agreement, (B) engage in discussions or negotiations (including solicitation of revised Acquisition Proposals) with such Person and its Representatives regarding any such Acquisition Proposal, (C) amend, or grant a waiver or release under, any standstill or similar agreement with respect to any Company Common Stock, (D) take any action to exempt any Person from the restrictions on “business combinations” contained in Section 203 of the DGCL or otherwise cause such restrictions not to apply and (E) amend the Company Rights Plan and take all other action necessary or appropriate so that any action taken in regard to an Acquisition Proposal does not and will not result in the ability of any Person to exercise any of the Company Rights under the Company Rights Plan or enable or require the Company Rights issued thereunder to separate from the shares of Company Common Stock to which they are attached or to be triggered or become exercisable or cease to be redeemable,provided,that in no case shall the Company take any action set forth in clauses (A) through (E) of this sentence unless and until the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, after consultation with outside legal counsel, that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with its fiduciary obligations under applicable law; andprovidedfurther that in the case of clauses (C), (D) and (E) the Acquisition Proposal shall be a Superior Proposal; andprovidedfurther, in every case, that the Company complies with each of the following: (1) the Company first shall have provided the Buyer with two (2) Business Days advance written notice of the identity of such Person and all the material terms and conditions of such Acquisition Proposal and the Company’s intention to take such action (specifying which action it intends to take), and (2) prior to or contemporaneously with furnishing or making available any such nonpublic information to such Person, the Company shall furnish such nonpublic information to the Buyer (to the extent such information has not already been furnished by the Company to the Buyer).
(b) No Change in Recommendation or Alternative Acquisition Agreement. Prior to the Specified Time:
(i) the Company Board shall not, except as set forth in this Section 6.1, withhold, withdraw, amend or modify, in a manner adverse to the Buyer, the approval or recommendation by the Company Board with respect to the Company Voting Proposal (or publicly propose to do so);
(ii) the Company shall not enter into any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement, merger agreement or similar agreement (an “Alternative Acquisition Agreement”) regarding any Acquisition Proposal (other than a confidentiality agreement referred to in Section 6.1(a) entered into in the circumstances referred to in Section 6.1(a));
(iii) the Company Board shall not, except as set forth in this Section 6.1, agree to, adopt, approve, publicly endorse or recommend, or publicly make any statement, recommendation, or solicitation of support of, any Acquisition Proposal; and
(iv) the Company shall not submit any Acquisition Proposal to any vote of the Company’s stockholders.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, the Company or the Company Board may take any action otherwise prohibited by this Section 6.1(b) either (x) in response to an Acquisition Proposal that did not result from a breach (other than an immaterial breach) of this Section 6.1 and which the Company Board has determined in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel and its financial
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advisors) constitutes a Superior Proposal or (y) other than in response to an Acquisition Proposal, if the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with outside counsel, that failure to do so would be inconsistent with its fiduciary obligations under applicable law, if: (1) the Company Stockholder Approval has not yet been obtained, (2) in the case of clause (x), the Company shall have promptly provided written notice to the Buyer (a “Notice of Superior Proposal”) advising the Buyer that it has received a Superior Proposal and that it intends to withhold, withdraw or modify its recommendation (and the manner and timing in which it intends to do so), identifying the Person making such Superior Proposal and specifying all of the material terms and conditions of such Superior Proposal, and (3) in the case of clause (x), Buyer shall not have within three (3) Business Days of receipt of the Notice of Superior Proposal made an offer or proposal that the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with its financial advisors) to be more favorable to the Company’s stockholders than such Superior Proposal.
(c) Notices to the Buyer. The Company shall promptly (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day after receipt) advise the Buyer orally, with written confirmation to follow, of the Company’s receipt of (i) any written Acquisition Proposal, (ii) any inquiry, indication of interest, proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal, or (iii) any request for information which would reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal, as well as, in the event of any of the preceding clauses (i)-(iii), the material terms and conditions of any written or oral Acquisition Proposal, inquiry, indication of interest, proposal, offer or request for information and the identity of the Person making any such Acquisition Proposal, request, inquiry, indication of interest, proposal, offer or request for information. The Company shall provide Buyer with 48 hours prior notice (or such lesser prior notice as is provided to the members of the Company Board) of any meeting of the Company Board at which the Company Board could reasonably be expected to consider any Acquisition Proposal or any such inquiry, or to consider providing non-public information to any such Person. The Company shall promptly (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day after receipt) advise the Buyer orally, with written confirmation to follow, of any material amendments or modifications to any such Acquisition Proposal, inquiry, indication of interest, proposal, offer or request for information.
(d) Certain Permitted Disclosure. Nothing contained in this Section 6.1 or in Section 6.5 (or elsewhere in this Agreement) shall prohibit the Company from taking and disclosing to its stockholders a position with respect to a tender offer contemplated byRule 14d-9 orRule 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act or from making any disclosure to the Company’s stockholders if, in the good faith judgment of the Company Board, after consultation with outside counsel, failure to so disclose would be inconsistent with its obligations under applicable law;provided,however, the Company Board shall not recommend that the Company stockholders tender shares of Company capital stock in connection with any tender or exchange offer or withhold, withdraw or modify, in a manner adverse to the Buyer, the recommendation by the Company Board with respect to the Company Voting Proposal unless permitted to do so by this Section 6.1.
(e) Cessation of Ongoing Discussions. The Company shall, and shall direct and use reasonable efforts to cause its Representatives to, cease immediately all discussions and negotiations that commenced prior to the date of this Agreement regarding any offer or proposal that constitutes, or could reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal and request the prompt return or destruction of all confidential information previously furnished to any Person with which the Company has engaged in any such activities within the6-month period preceding the date of this Agreement.
(f) Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
“Acquisition Proposal” means (i) any proposal or offer for a merger, consolidation, dissolution, recapitalization, share exchange or other business combination involving the Company and its Subsidiaries (other than mergers, consolidations, recapitalizations, share exchanges or other business combinations involving solely the Companyand/or one or more Subsidiaries of the Company), (ii) any proposal for the issuance by the Company of over 20% of its equity securities or (iii) any proposal or offer to acquire in any manner, directly or indirectly, over 20% of the equity securities or consolidated total assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
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“Superior Proposal” means any bona fide written proposal made by a third party to acquire more than 50% of the equity securities or consolidated total assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, pursuant to a tender or exchange offer, a merger, a consolidation or a sale of its assets as a result of which the Company stockholders immediately preceding such transaction would hold less than 50% of the equity interests in the surviving or resulting entity of such transaction or any direct or indirect parent or subsidiary thereof, (i) on terms which the Company Board determines in its good faith judgment (after consultation with its financial and legal advisors) to be more favorable to the holders of Company Common Stock than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, taking into account all the terms and conditions of such proposal and this Agreement (including any offer by the Buyer to amend the terms of this Agreement), and (ii) which the Company Board has determined is reasonably likely to be completed on the terms proposed, taking into account all financial, regulatory, legal and other aspects of such proposal.
(g) Actions by Representatives and Affiliates. Any violation of the restrictions set forth in this Section 6.1 by any Representative of the Company shall be deemed to be a breach of this Section 6.1 by the Company.
6.2 Proxy Statement. As promptly as practicable after the execution of this Agreement, the Company, in cooperation with the Buyer, shall prepare and file with the SEC the Proxy Statement (which shall include a recommendation of the Company Board in favor of the Company Voting Proposal, unless otherwise permitted by Section 6.1). The Company shall respond to any comments of the SEC or its staff and shall cause the Proxy Statement to be mailed to its stockholders at the earliest practicable time after the resolution of any such comments or the expiration of the10-day waiting period provided inRule 14a-6(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company shall notify the Buyer promptly upon the receipt of any comments from the SEC or its staff or any other government officials and of any request by the SEC or its staff or any other government officials for amendments or supplements to the Proxy Statement and shall supply the Buyer with copies of all correspondence between the Company or any of its representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC, or its staff or any other government officials, on the other hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause all documents that it is responsible for filing with the SEC or other regulatory authorities under this Section 6.2 to comply in all material respects with all applicable requirements of law and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Whenever any event occurs which is required to be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement, the Buyer or the Company, as the case may be, shall promptly inform the other of such occurrence and cooperate in filing with the SEC or its staff or any other government officials,and/or mailing to stockholders of the Company, such amendment or supplement. Prior to filing the preliminary or definitive proxy materials, the Company shall provide Buyer with reasonable opportunity to review and comment on each such filing in advance.
6.3 Nasdaq Quotation. The Company agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to continue the quotation of the Company Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market during the term of this Agreement.
6.4 Access to Information. During the Pre-Closing Period, the Company shall (and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to) afford to the Buyer’s officers, employees, accountants, counsel and other representatives, reasonable access, upon reasonable notice, during normal business hours and in a manner that does not materially disrupt or interfere with business operations, to all of its properties, books, contracts, commitments, personnel and records as the Buyer shall reasonably request, and, during such period, the Company shall (and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to) furnish promptly to the Buyer (a) a copy of each report, schedule, registration statement and other document filed or received by it during such period pursuant to the requirements of federal or state securities laws and (b) all other information concerning its business, properties, assets, financial reporting and personnel as the Buyer may reasonably request. The Buyer will hold any such information which is nonpublic in confidence in accordance with the Confidentiality Agreement.
6.5 Stockholders Meeting. The Company, acting through the Company Board, shall take all actions in accordance with applicable law, its certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market to promptly and duly call, give notice of, convene and hold as promptly as practicable the Company Meeting solely for the purpose of considering and voting upon the Company Voting Proposal. Subject to
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Section 6.1, (a) the Company Board shall recommend adoption of the Company Voting Proposal by the stockholders of the Company and include such recommendation in the Proxy Statement and (b) the Company Board shall not withhold, withdraw or modify, or publicly propose or resolve to withhold, withdraw or modify in a manner adverse to the Buyer, the recommendation of the Company Board that the Company’s stockholders vote in favor of the Company Voting Proposal. Subject to Section 6.1, the Company shall take all action that is both reasonable and lawful to solicit from its stockholders proxies in favor of the Company Voting Proposal and shall take all other action reasonably necessary or advisable to secure the vote or consent of the stockholders of the Company required by the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market or the DGCL to obtain such approvals. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company, after consultation with the Buyer, may adjourn or postpone the Company Meeting (i) to the extent necessary to ensure that any required supplement or amendment to the Proxy Statement is provided to the Company’s stockholders, (ii) if as of the time for which the Company Meeting is originally scheduled (as set forth in the Proxy Statement) there are insufficient shares of Company Common Stock represented (either in person or by proxy) to constitute a quorum necessary to conduct the business of the Company Meeting, or (iii) for the purpose of soliciting additional proxies if proxies granted by the time of the Company Meeting are insufficient to provide the Required Company Stockholder Vote.
6.6 Legal Conditions to the Merger.
(a) Subject to the terms hereof, including Section 6.1 and Section 6.6(b), the Company and the Buyer shall each use reasonable best efforts to:
(i) take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated hereby as promptly as practicable;
(ii) as promptly as practicable, obtain from any Governmental Entity or any other third party any consents, licenses, permits, waivers, approvals, authorizations, or orders required to be obtained or made by the Company or the Buyer or any of their Subsidiaries in connection with the authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby;
(iii) as promptly as practicable, make all necessary filings, and thereafter make any other required submissions, with respect to this Agreement and the Merger required under (A) the Exchange Act, and any other applicable federal or state securities laws, (B) the HSR Act and any related governmental request thereunder, and (C) any other applicable law; and
(iv) execute or deliver any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement.
The Company and the Buyer shall cooperate with each other in connection with the making of all such filings, including providing copies of all such documents to the non-filing party and its advisors prior to filing and, if requested, accepting reasonable additions, deletions or changes suggested in connection therewith. The Company and the Buyer shall use their respective reasonable best efforts to furnish to each other all information required for any application or other filing to be made pursuant to the rules and regulations of any applicable law (including all information required to be included in the Proxy Statement) in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) Subject to the terms hereof, the Buyer and the Company agree, and shall cause each of their respective Subsidiaries, to cooperate and to use their respective reasonable best efforts to obtain any government clearances or approvals required for Closing under the HSR Act, the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, and any other federal, state or foreign law, regulation or decree designed to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions for the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade (collectively “Antitrust Laws”), to respond to any government requests for information under any Antitrust Law, and to contest and resist any action, including any legislative, administrative or judicial action, and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) (an “Antitrust Order”) that restricts, prevents or prohibits the consummation of the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this
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Agreement under any Antitrust Law. The parties hereto will consult and cooperate with one another, and consider in good faith the views of one another, in connection with, and provide to the other parties in advance, any analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions and proposals made or submitted by or on behalf of any party hereto in connection with proceedings under or relating to any Antitrust Law.
(c) The Buyer shall propose, negotiate, offer to commit and effect (and if such offer is accepted, commit to and effect), by consent decree, hold separate order or otherwise, the sale, divestiture or disposition of such immaterial assets or businesses of the Buyer or, effective as of the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation, or their respective Subsidiaries, or otherwise offer to take or offer to commit to take any commercially reasonable action which it is capable of taking and if the offer is accepted, take or commit to take such action that limits its freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain, any of the businesses, services or assets of the Buyer, the Surviving Corporation or their respective Subsidiaries, in order to avoid the entry of, or to effect the dissolution of, any Antitrust Order, which would have the effect of preventing or delaying the Effective Time beyond the Outside Date, provided that no such action deprives the Buyer of the material benefits bargained for in this Agreement or otherwise materially impacts any of the Buyer’s other businesses.
(d) Each of the Company and the Buyer shall give (or shall cause their respective Subsidiaries to give) any notices to third parties, and use, and cause their respective Subsidiaries to use, their commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any third party consents required in connection with the Merger that are (i) necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) disclosed or required to be disclosed in the Company Disclosure Schedule or the Buyer Disclosure Schedule, as the case may be, or (iii) required to prevent the occurrence of an event that is reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect prior to or after the Effective Time, it being understood that neither the Company nor the Buyer shall be required to make any payments in connection with the fulfillment of its obligations under this Section 6.6.
6.7 Public Disclosure. Except as may be required by law or stock market regulations, (a) the press release announcing the execution of this Agreement shall be issued only in such form as shall be mutually agreed upon by the Company and the Buyer and (b) the Buyer and the Company shall each use its commercially reasonable efforts to consult with the other party before issuing any other press release or otherwise making any public statement with respect to the Merger or this Agreement.
6.8 Indemnification.
(a) From and after the Effective Time, each of Buyer and the Surviving Corporation shall, jointly and severally, indemnify and hold harmless each person who is now, or has been at any time prior to the date hereof, or who becomes prior to the Effective Time, a director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the “Indemnified Parties”), against all claims, losses, liabilities, damages, judgments, fines and reasonable fees, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements, incurred in connection with any claim, action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, arising out of or pertaining to the fact that the Indemnified Party is or was an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the Effective Time, according to the indemnification provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws as in effect on the date of this Agreement.
(b) From the Effective Time through the sixth anniversary of the date on which the Effective Time occurs, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation shall contain, and Buyer shall cause the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation to so contain, provisions no less favorable with respect to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation of present and former directors and officers of the Company and its Subsidiaries than are presently set forth in the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company.
(c) Subject to the next sentence, the Surviving Corporation shall either (i) maintain, and the Buyer shall cause the Surviving Corporation to maintain, at no expense to the beneficiaries, in effect for six (6) years from the Effective Time the current policies of the directors’ and officers’ liability insurance maintained by the Company (the “Current D&O Insurance”) with respect to matters existing or occurring at or prior to the
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Effective Time (including the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), so long as the annual premium therefor would not be in excess of 150% of the last annual premium paid prior to the Effective Time (such 150%, the “Maximum Premium”), which premium the Company represents and warrants is no greater than $500,000, or (ii) purchase a six (6) year extended reporting period endorsement with respect to the Current D&O Insurance (a “Reporting Tail Endorsement”) and maintain such endorsement in full force and effect for its full term. If the Company’s existing insurance expires, is terminated or canceled during such six-year period or exceeds the Maximum Premium, the Surviving Corporation shall obtain, and Buyer shall cause the Surviving Corporation to obtain, as much directors’ and officers’ liability insurance as can be obtained for the remainder of such period for an annualized premium not in excess of the Maximum Premium, on terms and conditions no less advantageous in the aggregate to the Indemnified Parties than the Company’s existing directors’ and officers’ liability insurance. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company may, prior to the Effective Time, purchase a Reporting Tail Endorsement, provided that the Company does not pay more than six times the Maximum Premium for such Reporting Tail Endorsement, in which case, provided that the Buyer causes the Surviving Corporation to maintain such Reporting Tail Endorsement in full force and effect for its full term, the Buyer shall be relieved from its obligations under the preceding two sentences of this Section 6.8(c).
(d) The Buyer shall pay all expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, that may be incurred by the persons referred to in this Section 6.8 in connection with their enforcement of their rights provided in this Section 6.8.
(e) The provisions of this Section 6.8 are intended to be in addition to the rights otherwise available to the current officers and directors of the Company by law, charter, statute, bylaw or agreement, and shall operate for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each of the Indemnified Parties, their heirs and their representatives.
6.9 Notification of Certain Matters. During the Pre-Closing Period, the Buyer shall give prompt notice to the Company, and the Company shall give prompt notice to the Buyer, of (a) the occurrence, or failure to occur, of any event, which occurrence or failure to occur is reasonably likely to cause any representation or warranty of such party contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, in each case at any time from and after the date of this Agreement until the Effective Time, (b) any material failure of the Buyer and Merger Sub or the Company, as the case may be, or of any officer, director, employee or agent thereof, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement, (c) any change, occurrence or event which, individually or in the aggregate with any other changes, occurrences and events, is reasonably likely to cause any of the conditions to closing set forth in Article VII not to be satisfied, (d) any material notice or other communication from any Governmental Entity in connection with the Merger, or (e) any material action, suit, arbitration, mediation, proceeding, claim or investigation by or before any Governmental Entity or arbitrator initiated by or against it or any of its Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the above, the delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section will not limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving such notice or the conditions to such party’s obligation to consummate the Merger.
6.10 Exemption from Liability under Section 16(b).
(a) The Board of Directors of the Buyer, or a committee thereof consisting of non-employee directors (as such term is defined for purposes ofRule 16b-3(d) under the Exchange Act), shall adopt a resolution in advance of the Effective Time providing that the receipt by the Company Insiders of options to purchase Buyer Common Stock upon assumption and conversion of Company Stock Options, in each case pursuant to the transactions contemplated hereby and to the extent such securities are listed in the Section 16 Information, is intended to be exempt pursuant toRule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act.
(b) For purposes of this Agreement, “Section 16 Information” means information regarding the Company Insiders and the number of shares of Company Common Stock or other Company equity securities deemed to be beneficially owned by each such Company Insider and expected to be exchanged for options to purchase Buyer Common Stock in connection with the Merger, which shall be provided by the Company to the Buyer at least 10 Business Days prior to the Closing. For purposes of this Agreement, “Company Insiders” means those officers and directors of the Company who immediately after the Closing become subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to equity securities of the Buyer.
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6.11 Employee Benefits and Service Credit. From and after the Effective Time, the Buyer shall, or shall cause the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to, provide each employee of the Buyer or the Surviving Corporation or their respective Subsidiaries who shall have been an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the Effective Time (“Continuing Employees”), for so long as such Continuing Employees remain so employed, health and welfare benefits that are no less favorable, in the aggregate than those provided to similarly situated employees of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries under the Buyer Employee Plans (as defined below). Following the Effective Time, the Buyer will give each Continuing Employee full credit for prior service with the Company or its Subsidiaries for purposes of (x) eligibility and vesting (except with respect to any equity awards granted to any employee or consultant of the Buyer or any Subsidiary who continues services to the Company or to Buyer or any Subsidiary following the Effective Time) under any Buyer Employee Plans, and (y) determination of benefit levels under any Buyer Employee Plan or policy relating to vacation or severance, in each case for which the Continuing Employee is otherwise eligible and in which the Continuing Employee is offered participation, but except where such credit would result in a duplication of benefits. In addition, the Buyer shall waive, or cause to be waived, any limitations on benefits relating to pre-existing conditions to the same extent such limitations are waived under any comparable plan of the Buyer and recognize for purposes of annual deductible andout-of-pocket limits under its medical and dental plans, deductible andout-of-pocket expenses paid by Continuing Employees in the calendar year in which the Effective Time occurs. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Buyer Employee Plan” means any “employee pension benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), any “employee welfare benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), and any other written or oral plan, agreement or arrangement, including insurance coverage, severance benefits, disability benefits, deferred compensation, bonuses, stock options, stock purchase, phantom stock, stock appreciation or other forms of incentive compensation or post-retirement compensation and all unexpired severance agreements, for the benefit of, or relating to, any current or former employee of the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries or any entity which is a member of (A) a controlled group of corporations (as defined in Section 414(b) of the Code), (B) a group of trades or businesses under common control (as defined in Section 414(c) of the Code) or (C) an affiliated service group (as defined in Section 414(m) of the Code or the regulations under Section 414(o) of the Code), any of which includes or included the Buyer or a Subsidiary of the Buyer.
6.12 Termination of Benefits Plans. To the extent requested in writing by the Buyer no later than ten Business Days prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take (or cause to be taken) all actions that it is entitled to take and that are necessary or appropriate to terminate (including, without limitation, adoption by the Company Board of appropriate resolutions), effective no later than the Effective Time, any Company Employee Plan that (i) contains a cash or deferred arrangement intended to qualify under Section 401(k) of the Code or (ii) any plan intended as a nonqualified deferred compensation plan both in accordance with the provisions of the applicable plans and applicable laws.
6.13 Takeover Statutes. The Company and the Company Board shall (a) take all actions reasonably necessary to ensure that no takeover statute or similar statute or regulation is or becomes applicable to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and (b) if any takeover statute or similar statute or regulation becomes applicable to this Agreement or any transactions contemplated hereby, take all action reasonably necessary to ensure that the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to minimize the effect of such statute or regulation on the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE VII
Conditions to Merger
7.1 Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation To Effect the Merger. The respective obligations of each party to this Agreement to effect the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction on or prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approval. The Company Voting Proposal shall have been adopted at the Company Meeting, at which a quorum is present, by the Required Company Stockholder Vote.
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(b) HSR Act. The waiting periods applicable to the consummation of the Merger under the HSR Act and, if applicable, the antitrust laws of the European Commission, shall have expired or been terminated.
(c) Governmental Approvals. Other than the filing of the Certificate of Merger, all authorizations, consents, orders or approvals of, or declarations or filings with, or expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any Governmental Entity in connection with the Merger and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the failure of which to file, obtain or occur is reasonably likely to have a Buyer Material Adverse Effect or a Company Material Adverse Effect, shall have been filed, been obtained or occurred on terms and conditions which would not reasonably be likely to have a Buyer Material Adverse Effect or a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) No Injunctions. No Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction shall have enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any order, executive order, stay, decree, judgment or injunction (preliminary or permanent) or statute, rule or regulation which is in effect and which has the effect of making the Merger illegal or otherwise prohibiting consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
7.2 Additional Conditions to Obligations of the Buyer and Merger Sub. The obligations of the Buyer and Merger Sub to effect the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction on or prior to the Closing Date of each of the following additional conditions, any of which may be waived, in writing, exclusively by the Buyer and Merger Sub:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Sections 3.2(a), (b) and (c) and Section 3.4(a) of this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent such representations and warranties are specifically made as of a particular date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respect as of such date). The other representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of the Closing Date (except (i) to the extent such representations and warranties are specifically made as of a particular date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such date, (ii) for changes contemplated by this Agreement, and (iii) where the causes of any failure of such representations and warranties to be true and correct (determined without regard to any materiality or Company Material Adverse Effect qualifications contained therein), individually or in the aggregate, do not constitute, and would not reasonably be expected to constitute, a Company Material Adverse Effect). The Buyer shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Company to the foregoing effect.
(b) Performance of Obligations of the Company. The Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement on or prior to the Closing Date; and the Buyer shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Company to such effect.
(c) No Restraints. There shall not be instituted or pending any action or proceeding in which a Governmental Entity is (i) challenging or seeking to restrain or prohibit the consummation of the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prohibit or limit in any material respect the Buyer’s ability to vote, transfer, receive dividends with respect to or otherwise exercise ownership rights with respect to the stock of the Surviving Corporation, or (iii) seeking (1) the sale, license or other disposition or holding separate (through the establishment of a trust or otherwise) of any material assets or categories of assets of the Buyer or the Company or any of their respective Affiliates, or (2) the imposition of any material limitation or restriction on the ability of the Buyer or any of its Affiliates to freely conduct their business or the business of the Company or its Affiliates or own such assets.
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7.3 Additional Conditions to Obligations of the Company. The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction on or prior to the Closing Date of each of the following additional conditions, either of which may be waived, in writing, exclusively by the Company:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Buyer and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of the Closing Date (except (i) to the extent such representations and warranties are specifically made as of a particular date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such date, (ii) for changes contemplated by this Agreement, and (iii) where the failure of any representations or warranties to be true and correct (determined without regard to any materiality or Buyer Material Adverse Effect qualifications contained therein), individually or in the aggregate, do not constitute, and would not reasonably be expected to constitute, a Buyer Material Adverse Effect); and the Company shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Buyer by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Buyer to such effect.
(b) Performance of Obligations of the Buyer and Merger Sub. The Buyer and Merger Sub shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by them under this Agreement on or prior to the Closing Date; and the Company shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Buyer by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Buyer to such effect.
ARTICLE VIII
Termination and Amendment
8.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Effective Time (with respect to Sections 8.1(b) through 8.1(h), by written notice by the terminating party to the other party), whether before or after adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company:
(a) by mutual written consent of the Buyer, Merger Sub and the Company; or
(b) by either the Buyer or the Company if the Merger shall not have been consummated by February 28, 2007 (the “Outside Date”) (provided that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 8.1(b) shall not be available to any party whose failure to fulfill any obligation under this Agreement has been a principal cause of or resulted in the failure of the Merger to occur on or before the Outside Date); or
(c) by either the Buyer or the Company if a Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction shall have issued a nonappealable final order, decree or ruling or taken any other nonappealable final action, in each case having the effect of permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the Merger; or
(d) by either the Buyer or the Company if at the Company Meeting (or any adjournment thereof) at which a vote on the Company Voting Proposal is taken, the Required Company Stockholder Vote in favor of the Company Voting Proposal shall not have been obtained;provided,however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 8.1(d) shall not be available to the Company where the failure to obtain such Required Company Stockholder Vote shall have been caused by the action or failure to act of the Company, and such action or failure to act constitutes a breach by the Company of this Agreement; or
(e) by the Buyer, if: (i) the Company Board shall have failed to recommend approval of the Company Voting Proposal in the Proxy Statement or shall have withheld, withdrawn or modified its recommendation of the Company Voting Proposal in a manner adverse to the Buyer; (ii) the Company Board shall have agreed to, adopted, approved, endorsed or recommended to the stockholders of the Company an Acquisition Proposal (other than the Merger); (iii) the Company Board shall have failed to publicly reaffirm its recommendation in favor of the adoption of this Agreement by the Stockholders of the Company with ten (10) Business Days after the Buyer requests in writing that such recommendation be reaffirmed; (iv) the Company shall have willfully and materially breached its obligations under
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Section 6.1 or 6.5; or (v) a tender offer or exchange offer for outstanding shares of Company Common Stock shall have been commenced (other than by the Buyer or an Affiliate of the Buyer) and the Company Board recommends that the stockholders of the Company tender their shares in such tender or exchange offer or, within 10 Business Days after the commencement of such tender or exchange offer, the Company Board fails to recommend against acceptance of such offer; or
(f) by the Company, if the Company (A) shall have entered into a definitive binding agreement with respect to a Superior Proposal pursuant to and in compliance with Section 6.1 and (B) shall have paid the Buyer all amounts due pursuant to Section 8.3(b) in accordance with the terms specified therein; or
(g) by the Buyer, if there has been a breach of or failure to perform any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement on the part of the Company set forth in this Agreement, which breach or failure to perform (i) would cause the conditions set forth in Section 7.2(a) or 7.2(b) not to be satisfied, and (ii) if curable, shall not have been cured within 20 days following receipt by the Company of written notice of such breach or failure to perform from the Buyer; or
(h) by the Company, if there has been a breach of or failure to perform any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement on the part of the Buyer or Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement, which breach or failure to perform (i) would cause the conditions set forth in Section 7.3(a) or 7.3(b) not to be satisfied, and (ii) if curable, shall not have been cured within 20 days following receipt by the Buyer of written notice of such breach or failure to perform from the Company.
8.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 8.1, this Agreement shall immediately become void and there shall be no liability or obligation on the part of the Buyer, the Company, Merger Sub or their respective officers, directors, stockholders or Affiliates; provided that (a) any such termination shall not relieve any party from liability for any willful breach of this Agreement (including, in the case of the Buyer and Merger Sub, damages based on the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Company as contemplated by this Agreement) and (b) the provisions of Sections 5.2 (Confidentiality) and 8.3 (Fees and Expenses), this Section 8.2 (Effect of Termination) and Article IX (Miscellaneous) of this Agreement and the Confidentiality Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and survive any termination of this Agreement.
8.3 Fees and Expenses.
(a) Except as set forth in this Section 8.3, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such fees and expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated.
(b) The Company shall pay the Buyer a termination fee of $75,000,000 (the “Termination Fee”) in the event that this Agreement is terminated:
(i) by the Buyer pursuant to Section 8.1(e);
(ii) by the Company pursuant to Section 8.1(f); or
(iii) by either the Buyer or the Company pursuant to Section 8.1(b), 8.1(d) or 8.1(g), so long as (x) before the date of such termination, an Acquisition Proposal shall have been publicly announced or disclosed to any member of the Company Board or any Officer of the Company and not withdrawn, (y) within 12 months after the date of termination, the Company shall have consummated any Acquisition Transaction or entered into an agreement providing for any Acquisition Transaction (which Acquisition Transaction is subsequently consummated, whether within or without such 12 month period) and (z) in the case of a termination pursuant to Section 8.1(g) only, the breach or failure giving rise to the right to terminate under Section 8.1(g) shall have been willful;
provided,however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any Termination Fee if, at the time of termination of this Agreement, Buyer or Merger Sub is in material breach of this Agreement. For purposes of this Section 8.3(b), an “Acquisition Transaction” means (i) any merger, consolidation, dissolution, recapitalization, share exchange or other business combination involving the Company and its Subsidiaries (other than
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(1) mergers, consolidations, recapitalizations, share exchanges or other business combinations involving solely the Companyand/or one or more Subsidiaries of the Company and (2) mergers, consolidations, recapitalizations, share exchanges or other business combinations that if consummated would result in the holders of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to such transaction owning more than 50% of the equity securities of the Company, or any successor or acquiring entity, immediately thereafter), (ii) any proposal for the issuance by the Company of over 50% of its equity securities or (iii) any proposal or offer to acquire in any manner, directly or indirectly, over 50% of the equity securities or consolidated total assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries. Any fee due under Section 8.3(b)(i) shall be paid to the Buyer by wire transfer of same-day funds within two Business Days after the date of termination of this Agreement. Any fee due under Section 8.3(b)(ii) shall be paid to the Buyer by wire transfer of same-day funds prior to or concurrent with termination of this Agreement. Any fee due under Section 8.3(b)(iii) shall be paid to the Buyer by wire transfer of same-day funds within two Business Days after the date on which the transaction referenced in clause (y) of Section 8.3(b)(iii) is consummated.
(c) The parties acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 8.3 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these agreements, the parties would not enter into this Agreement. Payment of the fees and expenses described in this Section 8.3 shall not be in lieu of damages incurred in the event of a breach of this Agreement described in clause (a) of Section 8.2, but otherwise shall constitute the sole and exclusive remedy of the parties in connection with any termination of this Agreement.
8.4 Amendment. This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto, by action taken or authorized by their respective Boards of Directors, at any time before or after approval of the matters presented in connection with the Merger by the stockholders of any party, but, after any such approval, no amendment shall be made which by law requires further approval by such stockholders without such further approval. This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto.
8.5 Extension; Waiver. At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto, by action taken or authorized by their respective Boards of Directors, may, to the extent legally allowed, (i) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other parties hereto, (ii) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (iii) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained herein. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in a written instrument signed on behalf of such party. Such extension or waiver shall not apply to any time for performance, inaccuracy in any representation or warranty, or noncompliance with any agreement or condition, as the case may be, other than that which is specified in the extension or waiver. The failure of any party to this Agreement to assert any of its rights under this Agreement or otherwise shall not constitute a waiver of such rights.
ARTICLE IX
Miscellaneous
9.1 Nonsurvival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements. None of the representations, warranties and agreements in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time, except for the agreements contained in Article II, Sections 6.8 and 6.11 and Article IX.
9.2 Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly delivered (i) four Business Days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (ii) one Business Day after being sent for next Business Day delivery, fees prepaid, via a reputable nationwide overnight courier service, or (iii) on the date of confirmation of receipt (or, the first
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Business Day following such receipt if the date of such receipt is not a Business Day) of transmission by facsimile, in each case to the intended recipient as set forth below:
(a) if to the Buyer or Merger Sub, to
EMC Corporation
176 South Street
Hopkinton, MA 01748
Attn: Vice President, Corporate Development
Telecopy:(508) 435-8900
with a copy to:
EMC Corporation
176 South Street
Hopkinton, MA 01748
Attn: Office of the General Counsel
Telecopy:(508) 497-6915
(b) if to the Company, to
RSA Security Inc.
174 Middlesex Turnpike
Bedford, MA 01730
Facsimile:(781) 301-5170
Attention: President
with a copy to:
RSA Security Inc.
174 Middlesex Turnpike
Bedford, MA 01730
Facsimile:(781) 515-5450
Attention: General Counsel
and with a copy to:
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP
60 State Street
Boston, MA 02109
Attn: Hal J. Leibowitz
Telecopy:(617) 526-5000
Any party to this Agreement may give any notice or other communication hereunder using any other means (including personal delivery, messenger service, telex, ordinary mail or electronic mail), but no such notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been duly given unless and until it actually is received by the party for whom it is intended. Any party to this Agreement may change the address to which notices and other communications hereunder are to be delivered by giving the other parties to this Agreement notice in the manner herein set forth.
9.3 Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including the Schedules and Exhibits hereto and the documents and instruments referred to herein that are to be delivered at the Closing) constitutes the entire agreement among the parties to this Agreement and supersedes any prior understandings, agreements or representations by or among the parties hereto, or any of them, written or oral, with respect to the subject matter hereof, and the parties hereto specifically disclaim reliance on any such prior understandings, agreements or representations to the extent not embodied in this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Confidentiality Agreement shall remain in effect in accordance with its terms.
9.4 No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as provided in Sections 2.1 and 2.2 (with respect to which holders of Company Common Stock shall be third party beneficiaries from and after the Effective Time) and
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Section 6.8 (with respect to which the Indemnified Parties shall be third party beneficiaries), this Agreement is not intended, and shall not be deemed, to confer any rights or remedies upon any Person other than the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns, to create any agreement of employment with any Person or to otherwise create any third-party beneficiary hereto.
9.5 Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement may be assigned or delegated, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise by any of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties, and any such assignment without such prior written consent shall be null and void. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
9.6 Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or unenforceable in any situation in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions hereof or the validity or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation or in any other jurisdiction. If the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction declares that any term or provision hereof is invalid or unenforceable, the parties hereto agree that the court making such determination shall have the power to limit the term or provision, to delete specific words or phrases, or to replace any invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a term or provision that is valid and enforceable and that comes closest to expressing the intention of the invalid or unenforceable term or provision, and this Agreement shall be enforceable as so modified. In the event such court does not exercise the power granted to it in the prior sentence, the parties hereto agree to replace such invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a valid and enforceable term or provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other purposes of such invalid or unenforceable term.
9.7 Counterparts and Signature. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each of the parties hereto and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart. This Agreement may be executed and delivered by facsimile transmission.
9.8 Interpretation. When reference is made in this Agreement to an Article or a Section, such reference shall be to an Article or Section of this Agreement, unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents, table of defined terms and headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties hereto to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any party. Whenever the context may require, any pronouns used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns and pronouns shall include the plural, and vice versa. Any reference to any federal, state, local or foreign statute or law shall be deemed also to refer to all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, unless the context requires otherwise. Whenever the words “include,” “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.” No summary of this Agreement prepared by any party shall affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
9.9 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of laws of any jurisdictions other than those of the State of Delaware.
9.10 Remedies. Except as otherwise provided herein, any and all remedies herein expressly conferred upon a party will be deemed cumulative with and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby, or by law or equity upon such party, and the exercise by a party of any one remedy will not preclude the exercise of any other remedy. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent
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breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity.
9.11 Submission to Jurisdiction. Each of the parties to this Agreement (a) consents to submit itself to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or of any federal court sitting in Wilmington, Delaware in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (b) agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in any such court, (c) agrees that it shall not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, and (d) agrees not to bring any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transaction contemplated by this Agreement in any other court. Each of the parties hereto waives any defense of inconvenient forum to the maintenance of any action or proceeding so brought and waives any bond, surety or other security that might be required of any other party with respect thereto. Any party hereto may make service on another party by sending or delivering a copy of the process to the party to be served at the address and in the manner provided for the giving of notices in Section 9.2. Nothing in this Section 9.11, however, shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by law.
9.12 Disclosure Schedules. The Company Disclosure Schedule shall each be arranged in Sections corresponding to the numbered sections contained in this Agreement, and the disclosure in any section shall qualify (a) the corresponding section of this Agreement and (b) the other sections of this Agreement, to the extent that it is reasonably apparent from a reading of the actual text of such disclosure that it also qualifies or applies to such other sections. The inclusion of any information in the Company Disclosure Schedule shall not be deemed to be an admission or acknowledgment, in and of itself, that such information is required by the terms hereof to be disclosed, is material, has resulted in or would result in a Company Material Adverse Effect or is outside the Ordinary Course of Business.
9.13 Company’s Knowledge. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Company’s Knowledge” means the knowledge as of the date hereof of the individuals identified in Section 9.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank.]
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The Buyer, Merger Sub and the Company have executed this Agreement as of the date set forth in the initial caption of this Agreement.
EMC CORPORATION
By: | /s/ Joseph M. Tucci |
Name: Joseph M. Tucci
Title: | Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer |
ENTRUST MERGER CORPORATION
By: | /s/ Paul T. Dacier |
Name: Paul T. Dacier
Title: | President |
RSA SECURITY INC.
By: | /s/ Arthur W. Coviello, Jr. |
Name: Arthur W. Coviello, Jr.
Title: | Chief Executive Officer and President |
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Exhibit A
Form of Certificate of Incorporation
of the Surviving Corporation
of the Surviving Corporation
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
RSA SECURITY INC.
FIRST: The name of the Corporation is RSA Security Inc. (hereinafter the “Corporation”).
SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at that address is The Corporation Trust Company.
THIRD: The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as set forth in Title 8 of the Delaware Code (the “GCL”).
FOURTH: The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 100 shares of Common Stock, each having a par value of $0.01.
FIFTH: The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and for further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation and of its directors and stockholders:
(1) The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
(2) The directors shall have concurrent power with the stockholders to make, alter, amend, change, add to or repeal the By-Laws of the Corporation.
(3) The number of directors of the Corporation shall be as from time to time fixed by, or in the manner provided in, the By-Laws of the Corporation. Election of directors need not be by written ballot unless the By-Laws so provide.
(4) DIRECTOR LIABILITY. Except to the extent that the GCL prohibits the elimination or limitation of liability of directors for breaches of fiduciary duty, no director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, notwithstanding any provision of law imposing such liability. No amendment to or repeal of this provision shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to such amendment.
(5) ACTION, SUITS AND PROCEEDINGS OTHER THAN BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION. The Corporation shall indemnify each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation), by reason of the fact that he is or was, or has agreed to become, a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the request of the Corporation, as a director, officer or trustee of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (including any employee benefit plan) (all such persons being referred to hereinafter as an “Indemnitee”), or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) judgment, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to,
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the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of NOLO CONTENDERE or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article, except as set forth in Section 10 below, the Corporation shall not indemnify an Indemnitee seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by the Indemnitee unless the initiation thereof was approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
(6) ACTIONS OR SUITS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION. The Corporation shall indemnify any Indemnitee who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was, or has agreed to become, a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the request of the Corporation, as a director, officer or trustee of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (including any employee benefit plan), or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of Delaware shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of such liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) which the Court of Chancery of Delaware shall deem proper.
(7) INDEMNIFICATION FOR EXPENSES OF SUCCESSFUL PARTY. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article, to the extent that an Indemnitee has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Sections 5 and 6 of this Article, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, or on appeal from any such action, suit or proceeding, he shall be indemnified against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection therewith. Without limiting the foregoing, if any action, suit or proceeding is disposed of, on the merits or otherwise (including a disposition without prejudice), without (i) the disposition being adverse to the Indemnitee, (ii) an adjudication that the Indemnitee was liable to the Corporation, (iii) a plea of guilty or NOLO CONTENDERE by the Indemnitee, (iv) an adjudication that the Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and (v) with respect to any criminal proceeding, an adjudication that the Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful, the Indemnitee shall be considered for the purposes hereof to have been wholly successful with respect thereto.
(8) NOTIFICATION AND DEFENSE OF CLAIM. As a condition precedent to his right to be indemnified, the Indemnitee must notify the Corporation in writing as soon as practicable of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation involving him for which indemnity will or could be sought. With respect to any action, suit, proceeding or investigation of which the Corporation is so notified, the Corporation will be entitled to participate therein at its own expenseand/or to assume the defense thereof at its own expense, with legal counsel reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee. After notice from the Corporation to the Indemnitee of its election so to assume such defense, the Corporation shall not be liable to the Indemnitee for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such claim, other than as provided below in this Section 8. The Indemnitee shall have the right to employ his own counsel in connection with such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Corporation of its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of the Indemnitee unless (i) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been authorized by the
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Corporation, (ii) counsel to the Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest or position on any significant issue between the Corporation and the Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such action or (iii) the Corporation shall not in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of such action, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of counsel for the Indemnitee shall be at the expense of the Corporation, except as otherwise expressly provided by this Article. The Corporation shall not be entitled, without the consent of the Indemnitee, to assume the defense of any claim brought by or in the right of the Corporation or as to which counsel for the Indemnitee shall have reasonably made the conclusion provided for in clause (ii) above.
(9) ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Subject to the provisions of Section 10 below, in the event that the Corporation does not assume the defense pursuant to Section 8 of this Article of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation of which the Corporation receives notice under this Article, any expenses(including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an Indemnitee in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, proceeding or investigation or any appeal therefrom shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such matter; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the payment of such expense incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of such matter shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay all amounts so advanced in the event that it shall ultimately be determined that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article. Such undertaking shall be accepted without reference to the financial ability of the Indemnitee to make such repayment.
(10) PROCEDURE FOR INDEMNIFICATION. In order to obtain indemnification or advancement of expenses pursuant to Section 5, 6, 7 or 9 of this Article, the Indemnitee shall submit to the Corporation a written request, including in such request such documentation and information as is reasonably available to the Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification or advancement of expenses. Any such indemnification or advancement of expenses shall be made promptly, and in any event within 60 days after receipt by the Corporation of the written request of the Indemnitee, unless with respect to requests under Section 5, 6 or 9 the Corporation determines, by clear and convincing evidence, within such60-day period that the Indemnitee did not meet the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5 or 6, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made in each instance by (a) a majority vote of the directors of the Corporation consisting of persons who are not at that time parties to the action, suit or proceeding in question (“disinterested directors”), even though less than quorum, (b) a majority vote of a quorum of the outstanding shares of stock of all classes entitled to vote for directors, voting as a single class, which quorum shall consist of stockholders who are not at that time parties to the action, suit or proceeding in question, (c) independent legal counsel (who may be regular legal counsel to the Corporation), or (d) a court of competent jurisdiction.
(11) REMEDIES. The right to indemnification or advances as granted by this Article shall be enforceable by the Indemnitee in any court of competent jurisdiction if the Corporation denies such request, in whole or in part, or if no disposition thereof is made within the60-day period referred to above in Section 6. Unless otherwise provided by law, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advanced of expenses under this Article shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor an actual determination by the Corporation pursuant to Section 10 that the Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct. The Indemnitee’s expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with successfully establishing his right to indemnification, in whole or in part, in any such proceeding shall also be indemnified by the Corporation.
(12) In addition to the powers and authority hereinbefore or by statute expressly conferred upon them, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the Corporation, subject, nevertheless, to the provisions of the GCL, this
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Certificate of Incorporation, and any By-Laws adopted by the stockholders; provided that no amendment, termination or repeal of this Article or of the relevant provisions of the GCL or any other applicable laws shall affect or diminish in any way the rights of any Indemnitee to indemnification under the provisions hereof with respect to any action, suit, proceeding or investigation arising out of or relating to any actions, transactions or facts occurring prior to the final adoption of such amendment, termination or repeal.
SIXTH: Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the By-Laws may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept (subject to any provision contained in the GCL) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the By-Laws of the Corporation.
SEVENTH: The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.
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