New Accounting Standard - Sales Recognition | 2. New Accounting Standard – Sales Recognition We adopted ASU No. 2014-09, 340-40, We applied Topic 606 using the modified retrospective transition method. Upon initially applying the new standard, the net cumulative effect from prior periods of applying the guidance in Topic 606 was recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018. Additionally, we have elected the option to only account for contracts that remained open as of the January 1, 2018 transition date in accordance with Topic 606. Revenue recognition for contracts for which substantially all of the revenue was recognized in accordance with the revenue guidance in effect before January 1, 2018 has not been changed. The comparative information as of December 31, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 have not been adjusted and continue to be reported under the previously applicable accounting standards. The details of the significant changes and quantitative impact of the changes are set forth below. • In sales transactions for certain security software products that are sold with integral third-party delivered software maintenance, we changed our accounting to record both the software license and the accompanying software maintenance on a net basis, as the agent in the arrangement, given the predominant nature of the goods and services provided to the customer. Under previous guidance, we bifurcated the sale of the software license from the sale of the maintenance contract, recorded the sale of the software product on a gross sales recognition basis and recorded the sale of the software maintenance on a net sales recognition basis. This change has no effect on reported gross profit dollars associated with these transactions. • The accounting for inventories not available for sale, otherwise known as bill and hold arrangements, changed such that a portion of revenue under the contracts is recognized earlier than we were recognizing under previous accounting standards. Bill and hold arrangements are inventory balances owned by our clients that we are warehousing and will be deploying to the clients’ locations in a future period. • The accounting for renewals of certain software term licenses changed to delay revenue recognition until the beginning of the renewal period. Under previous guidance, we recognized revenue as the renewal order was completed. • The accounting for certain contracts with our clients that include payment terms that exceed one year changed such that we recognize revenue at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to the client or over the period of time that the service is provided to the client. To the extent that a significant financing component exists in these arrangements, we will record interest income associated with the financing component of the arrangement over the payment terms of the arrangement. Under previous guidance, we deferred revenue recognition under these contracts until payments became due as a result of the extended payment terms. • The timing of revenue recognition for certain services contracts also changed to align with an appropriate input or output method. For example, the timing of revenue recognition for certain services contracts with stated milestone terms changed to an earlier point in time when control transfers to the customer. Under previous guidance, we recognized revenue based on the milestones stated in the contract with our customer. • The accounting for sales commissions on contracts with performance periods that exceed one year changed such that we record such sales commissions as an asset and amortize them to expense over the related contract performance period. Under previous guidance, sales commissions were expensed in the period the transaction was generated. The total cumulative effect adjustment from prior periods that we recognized in our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 as an adjustment to retained earnings was $7,176,000. The following tables summarize the effects of adopting Topic 606 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended (in thousands): BALANCE SHEET AT MARCH 31, 2018 As Reported Adjustments Pre-Topic Cash and cash equivalents $ 100,237 $ — $ 100,237 Accounts receivable, net 1,751,321 (80,928 ) 1,670,393 Inventories 194,743 — 194,743 Inventories not available for sale 645 65,470 66,115 Other current assets 119,404 34,790 154,194 Total current assets 2,166,350 19,332 2,185,682 Property and equipment, net 75,579 — 75,579 Goodwill 131,403 — 131,403 Intangible assets, net 97,158 — 97,158 Deferred income taxes 16,019 — 16,019 Other assets 85,902 (28,709 ) 57,193 $ 2,572,411 $ (9,377 ) $ 2,563,034 Accounts payable – trade $ 882,782 $ (27,199 ) $ 855,583 Accounts payable – inventory financing facility 228,102 — 228,102 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 175,147 (13,000 ) 162,147 Current portion of long-term debt 16,358 — 16,358 Deferred revenue 70,955 65,146 136,101 Total current liabilities 1,373,344 24,947 1,398,291 Long-term debt 245,569 — 245,569 Deferred income taxes 672 — 672 Other liabilities 72,225 (26,269 ) 45,956 1,691,810 (1,322 ) 1,690,488 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock — — — Common stock 358 — 358 Additional paid-in 315,493 — 315,493 Retained earnings 584,423 (7,991 ) 576,432 Accumulated other comprehensive loss – foreign currency translation adjustments (19,673 ) (64 ) (19,737 ) Total stockholders’ equity 880,601 (8,055 ) 872,546 $ 2,572,411 $ (9,377 ) $ 2,563,034 STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018 As Reported Adjustments Pre-Topic Net sales: Products $ 1,582,155 $ (9,497 ) $ 1,572,658 Services 180,748 (1,996 ) 178,752 Total net sales 1,762,903 (11,493 ) 1,751,410 Costs of goods sold: Products 1,438,734 (11,069 ) 1,427,665 Services 84,164 516 84,680 Total costs of goods sold 1,522,898 (10,553 ) 1,512,345 Gross profit 240,005 (940 ) 239,065 Operating expenses: Selling and administrative expenses 188,180 78 188,258 Severance and restructuring expenses 1,644 — 1,644 Earnings from operations 50,181 (1,018 ) 49,163 Non-operating 5,919 — 5,919 Earnings before income taxes 44,262 (1,018 ) 43,244 Income tax expense 11,517 (203 ) 11,314 Net earnings $ 32,745 $ (815 ) $ 31,930 Net earnings per share: Basic $ 0.91 $ (0.02 ) $ 0.89 Diluted $ 0.90 $ (0.02 ) $ 0.88 Shares used in per share calculations: Basic 35,913 — 35,913 Diluted 36,263 — 36,263 STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018 The adoption of Topic 606 had no effect on net cash provided by operating activities, net cash used in investing activities or net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The adjustment to net earnings noted above in reconciling our reported results of operations for the quarter under Topic 606 to pre-Topic Significant Accounting Policy Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a client, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a client. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a client, are excluded from revenue. This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606, whereby we reported sales net of any sales-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with sales transactions. We record the freight we bill to our clients as net sales and the related freight costs we pay as costs of goods sold. This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606. Nature of Goods and Services We sell hardware and software products on both a stand-alone basis without any services and as solutions bundled with services. When we provide a combination of hardware and software products with the provision of services, we separately identify our performance obligations under our contract with the client as the distinct goods (hardware and/or software products) or services that will be provided. The total transaction price for an arrangement with multiple performance obligations is allocated at contract inception to each distinct performance obligation in proportion to its stand-alone selling price. The stand-alone selling price is the price at which we would sell a promised good or service separately to a client. Observable stand-alone prices are used when they are available. If not available, we estimate the price based on observable inputs, including direct labor hours and allocable costs. Hardware Offerings We recognize hardware product revenue at the point in time when a client takes control of the hardware, which typically occurs when title and risk of loss have passed to the client at its destination. Our selling terms and conditions were modified during the fourth quarter of 2017 to specify F.O.B. destination contractual terms such that control is transferred from the Company at the point in time when the product is received by the client. Prior to the adoption of Topic 606, because we either (i) had a general practice of covering client losses while products were in transit despite title and risk of loss contractually transferring at the point of shipment or (ii) had specifically stated F.O.B. destination contractual terms with the client, delivery was not deemed to have occurred until the point in time when the product was received by the client. The transaction price for hardware sales is adjusted for estimated product returns that we expect to occur under our return policy based upon historical return rates. We leverage drop-shipment arrangements with many of our partners and suppliers to deliver products to our clients without having to physically hold the inventory at our warehouses, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing costs. We recognize revenue for drop-shipment arrangements on a gross basis as the principal in the transaction when the product is received by the client because we control the product prior to transfer to the client. We also assume primary responsibility for fulfillment in the arrangement, we assume inventory risk if the product is returned by the client, we set the price of the product charged to the client and we work closely with our clients to determine their hardware and software specifications. This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606. Bill and Hold Transactions We offer a service to our customers whereby clients may purchase product that we procure on their behalf and, at our clients’ direction, store the product in our warehouse for a designated period of time, with the intention of deploying the product to the clients’ designated locations at a later date. These warehousing services are designed to help our clients with inventory management challenges associated with technology roll-outs, product that is moving to end of life, and/or clients needing integrated stock available for immediate deployment. In some circumstances, we may also perform lab integration services on a portion of the product prior to shipment to our clients for a separate fee. The client is invoiced and title transfers to the client upon receipt of the product at our warehouse. These product contracts are non-cancelable The warehousing services and lab integration fees are considered separate performance obligations. Under previous accounting guidance, prior to the adoption of Topic 606, it was determined that these product sales transactions did not meet the revenue recognition criteria under GAAP. Therefore, we did not record product net sales, and the inventories were classified as inventories not available for sale on our consolidated balance sheet, until the product was delivered to the clients’ designated location. If clients remitted payment before we delivered the product to them, we recorded the payments received as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheet until such time as the product was delivered. Software Offerings We recognize revenue from software sales at the point in time when the client acquires the right to use or copy software under license and control transfers to the client. Revenue is recognized upon the commencement of the term of the software license agreement or when the renewal term begins, as applicable. This is a change from our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606, whereby revenue from renewals of software licenses was recognized when the parties agreed to the renewal or extension, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria had been met. Although the revenue recognition treatment for term software license renewals has changed as described above, a substantial portion of the software licenses we sell are perpetual software licenses and do not require renewal or extension after their initial purchase by the client. Such perpetual licenses are periodically subject to true-up, pre-existing true-ups true-up, true-up Software Maintenance Software maintenance agreements provide our clients with the right to obtain any software upgrades, bug fixes and help desk and other support services directly from the software publisher at no additional charge during the term of the software maintenance agreements. We act as the software publisher’s agent in selling these software maintenance agreements and do not assume any performance obligation to the client under the agreements. As a result, we are the agent in these transactions and these sales are recorded on a net sales recognition basis. Under net sales recognition, the cost of the software maintenance agreement is recorded as a reduction to sales, resulting in net sales equal to the gross profit on the transaction, and there are no costs of goods sold. Because we are acting as the software publisher’s agent, revenue is recognized when the parties agree to the initial purchase, renewal or extension as our agency services are then complete. This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606. As discussed in Note 10, we report all fees earned from activities reported net within our services net sales category in our statements of operations. Cloud / Software-as-a-Service Cloud or software-as-a-service software-as-a Services Sales We design, procure, deploy, implement and manage solutions that combine hardware, software and services to help businesses run smarter. Such services are provided by us or third-party sub-contract We recognize revenue for sales of services by measuring progress toward complete satisfaction of the related service performance obligation. Billings for such services that are made in advance of the related revenue recognized are recorded as a contract liability. Specific revenue recognition practices for certain of our services offerings are described in further detail below. Time and Materials Services Contracts. Fixed Fee Services Contracts. OneCall Support Services Contracts. On our balance sheet, a significant portion of our contract liabilities balance relates to OneCall support services agreements for which clients have paid or have been invoiced but for which we have not yet recognized the applicable services revenue. We also defer incremental direct costs to fulfill our service contracts that we prepay to third parties for direct support of our fulfillment of the service contract to our clients under our contract terms and amortize them into operations over the term of the contracts. The recognition of revenue and related costs for our stand ready obligation under our OneCall service contracts on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606. Vendor Direct Support Services Contracts. follow-up Third-party Provided Services. sub-contractor sub-contractor Disaggregation of Revenue In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by our reportable operating segments, which are primarily defined by their related geographies, as well as by major product offering, by major client group and by recognition on either a gross basis as a principal in the arrangement, or on a net basis as an agent, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 North EMEA APAC Consolidated Major Product Offering Hardware $ 873,341 $ 187,010 $ 7,160 $ 1,067,511 Software 290,476 184,918 39,250 514,644 Services 143,581 28,487 8,680 180,748 $ 1,307,398 $ 400,415 $ 55,090 $ 1,762,903 Major Client Groups Large Enterprise / Corporate $ 979,894 $ 265,921 $ 13,034 $ 1,258,849 Public Sector 111,604 116,614 29,931 258,149 Small and Medium-Sized 215,900 17,880 12,125 245,905 $ 1,307,398 $ 400,415 $ 55,090 $ 1,762,903 Revenue Recognition based on acting as Principal or Agent in the Transaction Gross revenue recognition (Principal) $ 1,259,489 $ 383,077 $ 52,920 $ 1,695,486 Net revenue recognition (Agent) 47,909 17,338 2,170 67,417 $ 1,307,398 $ 400,415 $ 55,090 $ 1,762,903 Contract Balances The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers as of March 31, 2018 and January 1, 2018 (in thousands): March 31, January 1, Current receivables, which are included in “Accounts receivable, net” $ 1,794,794 $ 1,849,803 Non-current 41,748 29,675 Contract assets, which are included in “Other current assets” 1,040 595 Contract liabilities, which are included in “Deferred revenue” and “Other liabilities” 89,533 86,743 Significant changes in the contract assets and the contract liabilities balances during the three months ended March 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Increase (Decrease) Contract Contract Balances at January 1, 2018 $ 595 $ 86,743 Reclassification of the beginning contract liabilities to revenue, as the result of performance obligations satisfied — (19,473 ) Cash received in advance and not recognized as revenue — 22,263 Reclassification of the beginning contract assets to receivables, as the result of rights to consideration becoming unconditional (395 ) — Contract assets recognized, net of reclassification to receivables 840 — Balances at March 31, 2018 $ 1,040 $ 89,533 Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations The following table includes estimated net sales related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2018 that are expected to be recognized in the future (in thousands): Products Services Total Remaining nine months of 2018 $ 370 $ 78,500 $ 78,870 2019 193 47,727 47,920 2020 84 20,998 21,082 2021 6 6,867 6,873 2022 — 3,110 3,110 2023 — 910 910 2024 and thereafter — 24 24 Total remaining performance obligations $ 653 $ 158,136 $ 158,789 Topic 606 allows for certain practical expedients which we have elected to apply. As a result, we do not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less in the table above. Amounts not included in the table above have an average original expected duration of eight months. Additionally, for our time and material contracts, whereby we have the right to consideration from a client in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the client of our performance completed to date, we recognized revenue in the amount to which we have a right to invoice as of March 31, 2018 and do not disclose information about related remaining performance obligations in the table above. Our time and material contracts have an average expected duration of 11 months. The majority of our backlog historically has been and continues to be open cancelable purchase orders. We do not believe that backlog as of any particular date is predictive of future results, therefore we do not include performance obligations under open cancelable purchase orders, which do not qualify for revenue recognition in accordance with Topic 606 as of March 31, 2018, in the table above. Assets recognized for costs of obtaining a contract with a customer We believe that the only significant incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts with our clients within the scope of Topic 606 are sales commissions. The majority of our contracts are completed within a one-year |