Insight Enterprises (NSIT) 10-Q 2018 Q3 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: September 30, 2018

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number:  0-25092

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	86-0766246
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

6820 South Harl Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85283

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(480) 333-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes   ☒   No   ☐  

Indicatebycheck markwhethertheregistrant has submitted electronicallyevery InteractiveDataFilerequired to besubmitted pursuant to Rule405 ofRegulation S-T (§232.405 ofthis chapter)duringthepreceding12months (or forsuch shorterperiod that the registrant wasrequired to submit such files).

Yes   ☒   No   ☐  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes   ☐   No   ☒  

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock as of November 2, 2018 was 35,479,670.

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I -	Financial Information
Item 1 –	Financial Statements:
	Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) - September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	1
	Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	3
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	4
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
Item 2 –	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	29
Item 3 –	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
Item 4 –	Controls and Procedures	46
PART II -	Other Information
Item 1 –	Legal Proceedings	47
Item 1A –	Risk Factors	47
Item 2 –	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	47
Item 3 –	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	48
Item 4 –	Mine Safety Disclosures	48
Item 5 –	Other Information	48
Item 6 –	Exhibits	48
Signatures		49

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

Forward-Looking Information

References to “the Company,” “Insight,” “we,” “us,” “our” and other similar words refer to Insight Enterprises, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context suggests otherwise.  Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part I, Item 2 of this report, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  These forward-looking statements include: expectations regarding net sales, gross profit, gross margin, operating expenses, earnings from operations, non-operating income and expenses, net earnings and cash flows, cash uses and needs, the payment of accrued expenses and liabilities, the timing of the inventory shipments; the expected effects of seasonality on our business; our intentions concerning the payment of dividends; our acquisition strategy; projections of capital expenditures; the sufficiency of our capital resources, the availability of financing and our needs and plans relating thereto; the estimated effect of new accounting principles and expected dates of adoption; expected tax changes; the effect of indemnification obligations; projections about the outcome of ongoing tax audits; expectations regarding future employee termination benefits; estimates regarding future asset-retirement activities; adequate provisions for and our positions and strategies with respect to ongoing and threatened litigation; our expectations regarding the use of cash flow from operations for working capital, to pay down debt, repurchase shares of our common stock, make capital expenditures and fund acquisitions; our expectations regarding stock-based compensation and future income tax expense; our compliance with leverage ratio requirements; our exposure to off-balance sheet arrangements; statements of belief; and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.  Forward-looking statements are identified by such words as “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “will,” “may” and variations of such words and similar expressions and are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified.  Future events and actual results could differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements.  There can be no assurances that results described in forward-looking statements will be achieved, and actual results could differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements.  Some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following, which are discussed in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017:

• actions of our competitors, including manufacturers and publishers of products we sell;

• our reliance on our partners for product availability, competitive products to sell and marketing funds and purchasing incentives, which can change significantly in the amounts made available and the requirements year over year;

• changes in the information technology (“IT”) industry and/or rapid changes in technology;

• risks associated with the integration and operation of acquired businesses;

• possible significant fluctuations in our future operating results;

• the risks associated with our international operations;

• general economic conditions;

• increased debt and interest expense and decreased availability of funds under our financing facilities;

• the security of our electronic and other confidential information;

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

• disruptions in our IT systems and voice and data networks;

• failure to comply with the terms and conditions of our commercial and public sector contracts;

• legal proceedings and the results of client and public sector audits and failure to comply with laws and regulations;

• accounts receivable risks, including increased credit loss experience or extended payment terms with our clients;

• our reliance on independent shipping companies;

• our dependence on certain key personnel;

• natural disasters or other adverse occurrences;

• exposure to changes in, interpretations of, or enforcement trends related to tax rules and regulations; and

• intellectual property infringement claims and challenges to our registered trademarks and trade names.

Additionally, there may be other risks that are otherwise described from time to time in the reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Any forward-looking statements in this report should be considered in light of various important factors, including the risks and uncertainties listed above, as well as others.  We assume no obligation to update, and, except as may be required by law, do not intend to update, any forward-looking statements.  We do not endorse any projections regarding future performance that may be made by third parties.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	111,055		$	105,831
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts    of $10,135 and $10,158, respectively		1,682,005			1,814,560
Inventories		171,197			194,529
Inventories not available for sale		648			36,956
Other current assets		103,778			152,467
Total current assets		2,068,683			2,304,343
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and    amortization of $331,605 and $335,078, respectively		74,097			75,252
Goodwill		167,065			131,431
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of    $48,646 and $37,357, respectively		116,608			100,778
Deferred income taxes		13,844			17,064
Other assets		70,220			56,783
	$	2,510,517		$	2,685,651
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable—trade	$	758,035		$	899,075
Accounts payable—inventory financing facility		237,556			319,468
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		180,101			175,860
Current portion of long-term debt		17,360			16,592
Deferred revenue		63,696			88,979
Total current liabilities		1,256,748			1,499,974
Long-term debt		251,334			296,576
Deferred income taxes		427			717
Other liabilities		59,001			44,915
		1,567,510			1,842,182
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 3,000 shares authorized;    no shares issued		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized;    35,459 shares at September 30, 2018 and 35,829 shares at    December 31, 2017 issued and outstanding		355			358
Additional paid-in capital		319,065			317,155
Retained earnings		657,625			550,220
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – foreign currency    translation adjustments		(34,038	)		(24,264	)
Total stockholders’ equity		943,007			843,469
	$	2,510,517		$	2,685,651

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

1

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales:
Products	$	1,548,273		$	1,598,973		$	4,724,888		$	4,426,406
Services		199,453			159,000			606,202			493,142
Total net sales		1,747,726			1,757,973			5,331,090			4,919,548
Costs of goods sold:
Products		1,415,808			1,463,414			4,319,181			4,036,486
Services		97,004			68,478			272,355			197,375
Total costs of goods sold		1,512,812			1,531,892			4,591,536			4,233,861
Gross profit		234,914			226,081			739,554			685,687
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		184,095			180,390			561,739			538,774
Severance and restructuring expenses		683			494			2,709			6,211
Loss on sale of foreign entity		—			3,646			—			3,646
Acquisition-related expenses		188			106			282			3,329
Earnings from operations		49,948			41,445			174,824			133,727
Non-operating (income) expense:
Interest income		(330	)		(227	)		(653	)		(863	)
Interest expense		6,132			5,555			17,249			13,814
Net foreign currency exchange loss		539			341			19			972
Other expense, net		393			339			1,019			980
Earnings before income taxes		43,214			35,437			157,190			118,824
Income tax expense		11,060			13,025			40,554			42,309
Net earnings	$	32,154		$	22,412		$	116,636		$	76,515
Net earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.91		$	0.63		$	3.27		$	2.14
Diluted	$	0.89		$	0.62		$	3.24		$	2.11
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic		35,468			35,787			35,622			35,718
Diluted		35,957			36,203			36,012			36,186

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018			2017
Net earnings	$	32,154	$	22,412	$	116,636		$	76,515
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments		657		15,106		(9,774	)		31,361
Total comprehensive income	$	32,811	$	37,518	$	106,862		$	107,876

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings	$	116,636		$	76,515
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by    (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment		16,018			19,430
Amortization of intangible assets		11,399			12,643
Provision for losses on accounts receivable		2,572			3,429
Write-downs of inventories		2,410			1,991
Write-off of property and equipment		367			378
Non-cash stock-based compensation		10,764			10,134
Deferred income taxes		2,964			(209	)
Loss on sale of foreign entity		—			3,646
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and    sale of foreign entity:
Decrease in accounts receivable		222,047			108,284
Decrease (increase) in inventories		24,373			(73,186	)
Decrease in other assets		31,555			320
Decrease in accounts payable		(201,147	)		(442,328	)
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue		11,326			(13,871	)
Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities		(4,043	)		(30,736	)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		247,241			(323,560	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(13,046	)		(15,906	)
Proceeds from sale of foreign entity		479			1,517
Acquisitions, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired		(74,938	)		(186,932	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(87,505	)		(201,321	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings on senior revolving credit facility		569,232			923,216
Repayments on senior revolving credit facility		(686,732	)		(707,216	)
Borrowings on accounts receivable securitization financing facility		2,662,000			2,844,389
Repayments on accounts receivable securitization financing facility		(2,576,000	)		(2,723,889	)
Borrowings under Term Loan A		—			175,000
Repayments under Term Loan A		(9,844	)		(6,562	)
Repayments under other financing agreements		(2,312	)		(5,176	)
Payments on capital lease obligations		(1,002	)		(614	)
Net (repayments) borrowings under inventory financing facility		(81,911	)		45,641
Payment of debt issuance costs		(270	)		(1,123	)
Payment of payroll taxes on stock-based compensation    through shares withheld		(3,195	)		(4,703	)
Repurchases of common stock		(22,069	)		—
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(152,103	)		538,963
Foreign currency exchange effect on cash, cash equivalents and    restricted cash balances		(2,434	)		19,635
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		5,199			33,717
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		107,445			205,946
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	112,644		$	239,663

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Today, every business is a technology business.  We empower organizations of all sizes with Insight Intelligent Technology Solutions^TM and services to maximize the business value of IT.  As a Fortune 500-ranked global provider of digital innovation, cloud/data center transformation, connected workforce, and supply chain optimization solutions and services, we help clients innovate and optimize their operations to run smarter.  Our company is organized in the following three operating segments, which are primarily defined by their related geographies:

Operating Segment	Geography
North America	United States and Canada
EMEA	Europe, Middle East and Africa
APAC	Asia-Pacific

Our offerings in North America and certain countries in EMEA and APAC include hardware, software and services.  Our offerings in the remainder of our EMEA and APAC segments consist of largely software and certain software-related services.  

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly our financial position as of September 30, 2018 and our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.  The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 was derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet at such date.  The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and consequently do not include all of the disclosures normally required by United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).  

The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year, due in part to the seasonal nature of our business.  These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, including the related notes thereto, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Our results of operations include the results of Datalink Corporation (“Datalink”) from its acquisition date of January 6, 2017, Caase Group B.V. (referred to herein as, “Caase.com”) from its acquisition date of September 26, 2017 and Cardinal Solutions Group, Inc. (“Cardinal”) from its acquisition date of August 1, 2018.  See Note 12 for further discussion of our acquisition of Cardinal.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Insight Enterprises, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements.  Additionally, these estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to sales recognition, anticipated achievement levels under partner funding programs, assumptions related to stock-based compensation valuation, allowances for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventories, litigation-related obligations, valuation allowances for deferred tax assets and impairment of long-lived assets, including purchased intangibles and goodwill, if indicators of potential impairment exist.

5

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2018, we adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” ASU No. 2016-18, “Restricted Cash,” ASU No. 2016-15, “Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” and ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments Overview: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.”  The adoption of these new standards did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.  Additionally, we adopted ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” effective January 1, 2018, as discussed in Note 2.

As a result of the adoption of ASU No. 2016-18, we began including amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown in the statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  Amounts shown in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.  The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	111,055	$	105,831
Restricted cash included in other current assets		17		46
Restricted cash included in other non-current assets		1,572		1,568
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in    the statement of cash flows	$	112,644	$	107,445

	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Cash and cash equivalents	$	236,411	$	202,882
Restricted cash included in other current assets		80		51
Restricted cash included in other non-current assets		3,172		3,013
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in    the statement of cash flows	$	239,663	$	205,946

Amounts included in restricted cash represent those required to be set aside by a contractual agreement with a lessor related to certain leased office space in foreign jurisdictions.  Restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 also includes funds deposited with a financial institution in Australia to provide a guarantee on our behalf as security for any funds we might draw under our revolving loan facility in China.  The deposited funds were restricted in that we could not withdraw them as long as the related loan facility was in place.  These amounts were reported in other non-current assets.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases,” (Topic 842) which supersedes the existing lease recognition requirements in the current accounting standard for leases.  The core principal of the new standard is that an entity should recognize right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities arising from a lease for both financing and operating leases, along with additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures.  The new standard is to be applied using a modified retrospective transition method with the option to elect a number of practical expedients.  The new standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within such fiscal years.  

6

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842) – Targeted Improvements.” ASU 2018-11 provides additional guidance to Topic 842 including providing preparers an additional optional retrospective adoption method which allows entities to initially apply the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. ASU 2018-11 also provides lessors a practical expedient to not separate lease from non-lease components, in certain situations.

We will adopt the new lease standard as of January 1, 2019 and plan to utilize the retrospective cumulative effect adjustment transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment being recorded as of the adoption date.  Additionally, we expect to elect certain available practical expedients.  We have established a cross-functional implementation team and are in the process of determining the scope of arrangements that will be subject to this standard as well as assessing the impact to our systems, processes, and internal controls over financial reporting.  While we are still evaluating the impact of adopting ASU No. 2016-02, we anticipate this standard will have a material impact on our other assets and other liabilities balances.  The primary impact will be to record ROU assets and lease liabilities for existing operating leases on our consolidated balance sheets.  We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations or our consolidated statements of cash flows.  Our analysis and evaluation of the new standard will continue through its effective date in the first quarter of 2019, including continuing to monitor any potential changes in the standard proposed by the FASB.

There have been no other material changes in or additions to the recently issued accounting standards as previously reported in Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 that affect or may affect our current financial statements.

2. New Accounting Standard – Sales Recognition

We adopted ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” which created FASB Topic 606 (“Topic 606”) with a date of initial application of January 1, 2018.  Topic 606 also includes Subtopic 340-40, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs – Contracts with Customers,” which requires the deferral of incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer.  As a result, we changed our accounting policy for sales recognition and incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer as detailed below.

We applied Topic 606 using the modified retrospective transition method.  In adopting the new standard, the net cumulative effect from prior periods of applying the guidance in Topic 606 was recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018.  Additionally, we have elected the option to only account for contracts that remained open as of the January 1, 2018 transition date in accordance with Topic 606.  Revenue recognition for contracts for which substantially all of the revenue was recognized in accordance with the revenue guidance in effect before January 1, 2018 has not been changed.  The comparative information as of December 31, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 have not been adjusted and continue to be reported under the previously applicable accounting standards.  The details of the significant changes and quantitative impact of the changes are set forth below.

• For sales transactions for certain security software products that are sold with integral third-party delivered software maintenance, we changed our accounting to record both the software license and the accompanying software maintenance on a net basis, as the agent in the arrangement, given the predominant nature of the goods and services provided to the customer.  Under previous guidance, we bifurcated the sale of the software license from the sale of the maintenance contract, recorded the sale of the software product on a gross sales recognition basis and recorded the sale of the software maintenance on a net sales recognition basis.  This change has no effect on reported gross profit dollars associated with these transactions.

7

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

• The accounting for inventories not available for sale, otherwise known as bill and hold arrangements, changed such that a portion of revenue under the contracts is recognized earlier than we were recognizing under previous accounting standards.  Bill and hold arrangements are inventory balances owned by our clients that we are warehousing and will be deploying to the clients’ locations in a future period.  

• The accounting for renewals of certain software term/usage licenses changed to delay or accelerate revenue recognition to the renewal period.  Under previous guidance, we recognized revenue as the renewal order was completed.

• The accounting for certain contracts with our clients that include payment terms that exceed one year changed such that we recognize revenue at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to the client or over the period of time that the service is provided to the client.  To the extent that a significant financing component exists in these arrangements, we will record interest income associated with the financing component of the arrangement over the payment terms of the arrangement.  Under previous guidance, we deferred revenue recognition under these contracts until payments became due as a result of the extended payment terms.

• The timing of revenue recognition for certain services contracts also changed to align with an appropriate input or output method.  For example, the timing of revenue recognition for certain services contracts with stated milestone terms changed to an earlier point in time when control transfers to the customer.  Under previous guidance, we recognized revenue based on the milestones stated in the contract with our customer.

• The accounting for recording sales returns allowance changed from being recorded against accounts receivable to being recorded as a refund liability.  As a result, in our consolidated balance sheets, we reclassified our sales returns allowance balance from accounts receivable, net to accrued expenses and other current liabilities.  Under previous guidance, we recorded the sales returns allowance in accounts receivable, net and not as a separately stated liability.  

• The accounting for sales commissions on contracts with performance periods that exceed one year changed such that we record such sales commissions as an asset and amortize them to expense over the related contract performance period.  Under previous guidance, sales commissions were expensed in the period the transaction was generated.

The total cumulative effect adjustment from prior periods that we recognized in our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 as an adjustment to retained earnings was $7,176,000.

8

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

The following tables summarize the effects of adopting Topic 606 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2018 and for the three and nine months then ended (in thousands, except for per share data):

BALANCE SHEET AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

							Pre-Topic 606
	As Reported			Adjustments			Adoption
Cash and cash equivalents	$	111,055		$	—		$	111,055
Accounts receivable, net		1,682,005			(115,210	)		1,566,795
Inventories		171,197			—			171,197
Inventories not available for sale		648			72,529			73,177
Other current assets		103,778			37,356			141,134
Total current assets		2,068,683			(5,325	)		2,063,358
Property and equipment, net		74,097			—			74,097
Goodwill		167,065			—			167,065
Intangible assets, net		116,608			—			116,608
Deferred income taxes		13,844			—			13,844
Other assets		70,220			(15,793	)		54,427
	$	2,510,517		$	(21,118	)	$	2,489,399
Accounts payable – trade	$	758,035		$	(47,159	)	$	710,876
Accounts payable – inventory financing facility		237,556			—			237,556
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		180,101			(20,880	)		159,221
Current portion of long-term debt		17,360			—			17,360
Deferred revenue		63,696			67,171			130,867
Total current liabilities		1,256,748			(868	)		1,255,880
Long-term debt		251,334			—			251,334
Deferred income taxes		427			—			427
Other liabilities		59,001			(13,768	)		45,233
		1,567,510			(14,636	)		1,552,874
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock		—			—			—
Common stock		355			—			355
Additional paid-in capital		319,065			—			319,065
Retained earnings		657,625			(6,407	)		651,218
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – foreign    currency translation adjustments		(34,038	)		(75	)		(34,113	)
Total stockholders’ equity		943,007			(6,482	)		936,525
	$	2,510,517		$	(21,118	)	$	2,489,399

9

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

						Pre-Topic 606
	As Reported		Adjustments			Adoption
Net sales:
Products	$	1,548,273	$	56,880		$	1,605,153
Services		199,453		(1,981	)		197,472
Total net sales		1,747,726		54,899			1,802,625
Costs of goods sold:
Products		1,415,808	$	49,985			1,465,793
Services		97,004		1,230			98,234
Total costs of goods sold		1,512,812		51,215			1,564,027
Gross profit		234,914		3,684			238,598
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		184,095		28			184,123
Severance and restructuring expenses		683		—			683
Acquisition-related expenses		188		—			188
Earnings from operations		49,948		3,656			53,604
Non-operating expense, net		6,734		—			6,734
Earnings before income taxes		43,214		3,656			46,870
Income tax expense		11,060		887			11,947
Net earnings	$	32,154	$	2,769		$	34,923
Net earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.91	$	0.07		$	0.98
Diluted	$	0.89	$	0.08		$	0.97
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic		35,468		—			35,468
Diluted		35,957		—			35,957

10

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

						Pre-Topic 606
	As Reported		Adjustments			Adoption
Net sales:
Products	$	4,724,888	$	85,551		$	4,810,439
Services		606,202		(9,045	)		597,157
Total net sales		5,331,090		76,506			5,407,596
Costs of goods sold:
Products		4,319,181		75,407			4,394,588
Services		272,355		(378	)		271,977
Total costs of goods sold		4,591,536		75,029			4,666,565
Gross profit		739,554		1,477			741,031
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		561,739		277			562,016
Severance and restructuring expenses		2,709		—			2,709
Acquisition-related expenses		282		—			282
Earnings from operations		174,824		1,200			176,024
Non-operating expense, net		17,634		—			17,634
Earnings before income taxes		157,190		1,200			158,390
Income tax expense		40,554		430			40,984
Net earnings	$	116,636	$	770		$	117,406
Net earnings per share:
Basic	$	3.27	$	0.03		$	3.30
Diluted	$	3.24	$	0.02		$	3.26
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic		35,622		—			35,622
Diluted		36,012		—			36,012

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

The adoption of Topic 606 had no effect on net cash provided by operating activities, net cash used in investing activities or net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  The adjustment to net earnings noted above in reconciling our reported results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 under Topic 606 to pre-Topic 606 adoption was fully offset by adjustments to the reported changes in asset and liability balances, resulting in no effect on operating cash flows.

Significant Accounting Policy

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a client, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties.  The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a client.

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a client, are excluded from revenue.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606, whereby we reported sales net of any sales-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with sales transactions.

11

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

We record the freight we bill to our clients as product net sales and the related freight costs we pay as product costs of goods sold.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

Nature of Goods and Services

We sell hardware and software products on both a stand-alone basis without any services and as solutions bundled with services.

When we provide a combination of hardware and software products with the provision of services, we separately identify our performance obligations under our contract with the client as the distinct goods (hardware and/or software products) or services that will be provided.  The total transaction price for an arrangement with multiple performance obligations is allocated at contract inception to each distinct performance obligation in proportion to its stand-alone selling price.  The stand-alone selling price is the price at which we would sell a promised good or service separately to a client.  Observable stand-alone prices are used when they are available.  If not available, we estimate the price based on observable inputs, including direct labor hours and allocable costs.

Product Offerings

Hardware

We recognize hardware product revenue at the point in time when a client takes control of the hardware, which typically occurs when title and risk of loss have passed to the client at its destination.  Our selling terms and conditions were modified during the fourth quarter of 2017 to specify F.O.B. destination contractual terms such that control is transferred from the Company at the point in time when the product is received by the client.  Prior to the adoption of Topic 606, because we either (i) had a general practice of covering client losses while products were in transit despite title and risk of loss contractually transferring at the point of shipment or (ii) had specifically stated F.O.B. destination contractual terms with the client, delivery was not deemed to have occurred until the point in time when the product was received by the client.  The transaction price for hardware sales is adjusted for estimated product returns that we expect to occur under our return policy based upon historical return rates.    

We leverage drop-shipment arrangements with many of our partners and suppliers to deliver products to our clients without having to physically hold the inventory at our warehouses, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing costs.  We recognize revenue for drop-shipment arrangements on a gross basis as the principal in the transaction when the product is received by the client because we control the product prior to transfer to the client.  We also assume primary responsibility for fulfillment in the arrangement, we assume inventory risk if the product is returned by the client, we set the price of the product charged to the client and we work closely with our clients to determine their hardware specifications.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

Bill and Hold Transactions

We offer a service to our customers whereby clients may purchase product that we procure on their behalf and, at our clients’ direction, store the product in our warehouse for a designated period of time, with the intention of deploying the product to the clients’ designated locations at a later date.  These warehousing services are designed to help our clients with inventory management challenges associated with technology roll-outs, product that is moving to end of life, and/or clients needing integrated stock available for immediate deployment.  In some circumstances, we may also perform lab integration services on a portion of the product prior to shipment to our clients for a separate fee.  The client is invoiced and title transfers to the client upon receipt of the product at our warehouse.  These product contracts are non-cancelable with customary credit terms beginning the date the product is received in our warehouse and the warranty periods begin on the date of invoice.  Revenue is recognized for the sale of the product to the client upon receipt of the product at our warehouse.  

12

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

The warehousing services and lab integration fees are considered separate performance obligations.  Under previous accounting guidance, prior to the adoption of Topic 606, it was determined that these product sales transactions did not meet the revenue recognition criteria under GAAP.  Therefore, we did not record product net sales, and the inventories were classified as inventories not available for sale on our consolidated balance sheets, until the product was delivered to the clients’ designated location.  If clients remitted payment before we delivered the product to them, we recorded the payments received as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheets until such time as the product was delivered.

Software

We recognize revenue from software sales at the point in time when the client acquires the right to use or copy software under license and control transfers to the client.  For renewals, revenue is recognized upon the commencement of the term of the software license agreement or when the renewal term begins, as applicable.  This is a change from our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606, whereby revenue from renewals of software licenses was recognized when the parties agreed to the renewal or extension, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria had been met.  

Although the revenue recognition treatment for term software license renewals has changed as described above, a substantial portion of the software licenses we sell are perpetual software licenses and do not require renewal or extension after their initial purchase by the client.  Such perpetual licenses are periodically subject to true-up, whereby additional perpetual licenses are sold under the client’s pre-existing master agreement.  Such true-ups are generally sold in arrears, and clients are invoiced for the additional licenses they had already been utilizing.  Since the client controlled these additional perpetual licenses prior to the true-up, software revenue related to the underlying additional licenses is recognized when we agree to the true-up with our client and the partner.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

Services Offerings

Software Maintenance

Software maintenance agreements provide our clients with the right to obtain any software upgrades, bug fixes and help desk and other support services directly from the software publisher at no additional charge during the term of the software maintenance agreements.  We act as the software publisher’s agent in selling these software maintenance agreements and do not assume any performance obligation to the client under the agreements.  As a result, we are the agent in these transactions and these sales are recorded on a net sales recognition basis.  Under net sales recognition, the cost of the software maintenance agreement is recorded as a reduction to sales, resulting in net sales equal to the gross profit on the transaction, and there are no costs of goods sold.  Because we are acting as the software publisher’s agent, revenue is recognized when the parties agree to the initial purchase, renewal or extension as our agency services are then complete.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.  As discussed in Note 11, we report all fees earned from activities reported net within our services net sales category in our consolidated statements of operations.   

Cloud / Software-as-a-Service Offerings

Cloud or software-as-a-service subscription products provide our clients with access to software products hosted in the public cloud without the client taking possession of the software.  We act as the software publisher’s agent in selling these software-as-a service subscription products and do not host the software products on our servers.  We do not take control of the software products or assume any performance obligations to the clients related to the provisioning of the offerings in the cloud.  As a result, these sales are recorded on a net sales recognition basis.  

13

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.  As discussed in Note 11, we report all fees earned from activities reported net within our services net sales category in our consolidated statements of operations.    

Insight Delivered Services

We design, procure, deploy, implement and manage solutions that combine hardware, software and services to help businesses run smarter.  Such services are provided by us or third-party sub-contract vendors as part of bundled arrangements, or are provided separately on a stand-alone basis as technical, consulting or managed services engagements.  If the services are provided as part of a bundled arrangement with hardware and software, the hardware, software and services are generally distinct performance obligations.  In general, we recognize revenue from services engagements as we perform the underlying services and satisfy our performance obligations.

We recognize revenue from sales of services by measuring progress toward complete satisfaction of the related service performance obligation.  Billings for such services that are made in advance of the related revenue recognized are recorded as a contract liability.  

Specific revenue recognition practices for certain of our services offerings are described in further detail below.

Time and Materials Services Contracts  

We recognize revenue for professional services engagements that are on a time and materials basis based upon hours incurred for the performance completed to date for which we have the right to consideration, even if such amounts have not yet been invoiced as of period end.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.  

Fixed Fee Services Contracts  

We recognize revenue on fixed fee professional services contracts using a proportional performance method of revenue recognition based on the ratio of direct labor and other allocated costs incurred to total estimated direct labor and other allocated costs.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

OneCall Support Services Contracts  

When we sell certain hardware and/or software products to our clients, we also enter into service contracts with them.  These contracts are support service agreements for the hardware and/or software products that were purchased from us.  Under certain support services contracts, although we purchase third-party support contracts for maintenance on the specific hardware or software products we have sold, our internal support desk assists the client first by performing an initial technical triage to determine the source of the problem and whether we can direct the client on how to fix the problem.  We refer to these services as “OneCall.”  We act as the principal in the transaction because we perform the OneCall services over the term of the support service contract and we set the price of the service charged to the client.  As a result, we recognize revenue from OneCall extended service contracts on a gross sales recognition basis ratably over the contract term of the stand ready obligation, generally one to three years.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

On our consolidated balance sheet, a significant portion of our contract liabilities balance relates to OneCall support services agreements for which clients have paid or have been invoiced but for which we have not yet recognized the applicable services revenue.  We also defer incremental direct costs to fulfill our service contracts that we prepay to third parties for direct support of our fulfillment of the service contract to our clients under our contract terms and amortize them into operations over the term of the contracts.  

14

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

Vendor Direct Support Services Contracts

When we do not provide OneCall services to the client on hardware and/or software products that were purchased, the client may purchase a vendor direct support services contract through us.  Under these contracts, our clients call the manufacturer/publisher or its designated service organization directly for both the initial technical triage and any follow-up assistance.  We act as the manufacturer/publisher’s agent in selling these support service contracts and do not assume any performance obligation to the client under the arrangements.  As a result, these sales are recorded on a net sales recognition basis similar to software maintenance agreements, as discussed above.  Because we are acting as the manufacturer/publisher’s agent, revenue is recognized when the parties agree to the purchase of the support services contract as our agency services are then complete.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.

Third-party Provided Services  

A majority of our third-party sub-contractor services contracts are entered into in conjunction with other services contracts under which the services are performed by Insight teammates.  We have concluded that we control all services under the contract and can direct the third-party sub-contractor to provide the requested services.  As such, we act as the principal in the transaction and record the services under a gross sales recognition basis, with the selling price being recorded in sales and our cost to the third-party service provider being recorded in costs of goods sold.  For certain third-party service contracts in which we are not responsible for fulfillment of the services, we have concluded that we are an agent in the transaction and record revenue on a net sales recognition basis.  This is consistent with our accounting treatment prior to the adoption of Topic 606.      

Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by our reportable operating segments, which are primarily defined bytheir related geographies, as well as by major product offering, by major client group and by recognition on either a gross basis as a principal in the arrangement, or on a net basis as an agent, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	North America		EMEA		APAC		Consolidated
Major Offerings
Hardware	$	953,431	$	147,497	$	6,041	$	1,106,969
Software		259,602		168,603		13,099		441,304
Services		158,426		29,080		11,947		199,453
	$	1,371,459	$	345,180	$	31,087	$	1,747,726
Major Client Groups
Large Enterprise / Corporate	$	986,665	$	265,430	$	10,715	$	1,262,810
Public Sector		141,895		62,720		6,255		210,870
Small and Medium-Sized Businesses		242,899		17,030		14,117		274,046
	$	1,371,459	$	345,180	$	31,087	$	1,747,726
Revenue Recognition based on acting as    Principal or Agent in the Transaction
Gross revenue recognition (Principal)	$	1,322,391	$	326,671	$	26,638	$	1,675,700
Net revenue recognition (Agent)		49,068		18,509		4,449		72,026
	$	1,371,459	$	345,180	$	31,087	$	1,747,726

15

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
		North America		EMEA		APAC		Consolidated
Major Offerings
Hardware		$	2,724,916	$	505,844	$	22,518	$	3,253,278
Software			828,231		551,920		91,459		1,471,610
Services			465,458		104,086		36,658		606,202
		$	4,018,605	$	1,161,850	$	150,635	$	5,331,090
Major Client Groups
Large Enterprise / Corporate		$	2,945,880	$	836,865	$	37,770	$	3,820,515
Public Sector	��		388,109		273,821		67,134		729,064
Small and Medium-Sized Businesses			684,616		51,164		45,731		781,511
		$	4,018,605	$	1,161,850	$	150,635	$	5,331,090
Revenue Recognition based on acting as    Principal or Agent in the Transaction
Gross revenue recognition (Principal)		$	3,857,104	$	1,093,110	$	133,542	$	5,083,756
Net revenue recognition (Agent)			161,501		68,740		17,093		247,334
		$	4,018,605	$	1,161,850	$	150,635	$	5,331,090

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018 (in thousands):

	September 30,		January 1,
	2018		2018
Current receivables, which are included in “Accounts    receivable, net”	$	1,682,005	$	1,909,074
Non-current receivables, which are included in “Other assets”		31,288		32,227
Contract assets, which are included in “Other current assets”		652		595
Contract liabilities, which are included in “Deferred revenue”    and “Other liabilities”		83,339		86,743

Significant changes in the contract assets and the contract liabilities balances during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 are as follows (in thousands):

	Increase (Decrease)
	Contract				Contract
	Assets				Liabilities
Balances at January 1, 2018	$	595			$	86,743
Reclassification of the beginning contract liabilities    to revenue, as the result of performance obligations satisfied		—				(53,022	)
Cash received in advance and not recognized as revenue		—				49,685
Reclassification of the beginning contract assets to receivables, as    the result of rights to consideration becoming unconditional		(590	)			—
Contract assets recognized, net of reclassification to receivables		647				—
Cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from    changes in estimates of transaction price		—		��		(67	)
Balances at September 30, 2018	$	652			$	83,339

16

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations

The following table includes estimated net sales related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of September 30, 2018 that are expected to be recognized in the future (in thousands):

	Products		Services		Total
Remaining three months of 2018	$	3	$	39,990	$	39,993
2019		13		70,061		70,074
2020		5		27,335		27,340
2021		—		9,621		9,621
2022		—		3,877		3,877
2023		—		1,474		1,474
2024 and thereafter		—		221		221
Total remaining performance obligations	$	21	$	152,579	$	152,600

Topic 606 allows for certain practical expedients which we have elected to apply. As a result, we do not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less in the table above.  Amounts not included in the table above have an average original expected duration of eight months.  Additionally, for our time and material services contracts, whereby we have the right to consideration from a client in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the client of our performance completed to date, we recognized revenue in the amount to which we have a right to invoice as of September 30, 2018 and do not disclose information about related remaining performance obligations in the table above.  Our time and material contracts have an average expected duration of 13 months.

The majority of our backlog historically has been and continues to be open cancelable purchase orders.  We do not believe that backlog as of any particular date is predictive of future results, therefore we do not include performance obligations under open cancelable purchase orders, which do not qualify for revenue recognition in accordance with Topic 606 as of September 30, 2018, in the table above.

Assets recognized for costs of obtaining a contract with a customer

We believe that the only significant incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts with our clients within the scope of Topic 606 are sales commissions.  The majority of our contracts are completed within a one-year performance period, and for contracts with a specified term of one year or less, we have exercised a practical expedient, which allows us to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.  Under Topic 606, we record sales commissions on contracts with performance periods that exceed one year as an asset and amortize the asset to expense over the related contract performance period.  As of September 30, 2018, the related asset balance was $2,666,000, which we expect to recognize as expense over the next 36 months.  Under previous accounting standards, we recognized sales commissions as earned and recorded such amounts within selling and administrative expenses in our statements of operations.  

3. Immaterial Correction of an Error in Prior Periods

We corrected immaterial errors identified in our March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 consolidated financial statements in the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  The errors primarily relate to the incorrect presentation of certain software revenue transactions.  In our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018, the effect was to reduce product net sales by $24.4 million, increase services net sales by $4.0 million, reduce product cost of goods sold by $23.7 million and increase services cost of goods sold by $3.0 million.  In the three months ended March 31, 2018, gross profit, earnings from operations and net earnings increased by $258,000.  Diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2018 increased $0.01.  

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

In our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2018, the effect was to reduce product net sales by $900,000, increase services net sales by $4.9 million, reduce product cost of goods sold by $0.5 million and increase services cost of goods sold by $4.5 million.  In our consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018, the effect was to reduce product net sales by $25.3 million, increase services net sales by $8.9 million, reduce product cost of goods sold by $24.2 million and increase services cost of goods sold by $7.5 million.  In the three months ended June 30, 2018, there was no impact to gross profit, earnings from operations or net earnings resulting from the revision.  In the six months ended June 30, 2018, gross profit, earnings from operations and net earnings increased by $258,000.  There was no impact to diluted earnings per share in either the three or six months ended June 30, 2018.  

These revisions are appropriately reflected in the consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  There is no impact to the audited consolidated financial statements for 2017 or any other prior period.  We will present our revised historical consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 when the respective statements are presented in future filings.

4. Net Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period.  Diluted EPS is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method.  Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”).  A reconciliation of the denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations follows (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Numerator:
Net earnings	$	32,154	$	22,412	$	116,636	$	76,515
Denominator:
Weighted average shares used to    compute basic EPS		35,468		35,787		35,622		35,718
Dilutive potential common shares due to    dilutive RSUs, net of tax effect		489		416		390		468
Weighted average shares used to compute    diluted EPS		35,957		36,203		36,012		36,186
Net earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.91	$	0.63	$	3.27	$	2.14
Diluted	$	0.89	$	0.62	$	3.24	$	2.11

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, 5,000 and 13,000, respectively, of our RSUs were not included in the diluted EPS calculations because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.  These share-based awards could be dilutive in the future.  There were 36,000 and 48,000 anti-dilutive RSUs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

5. Debt, Inventory Financing Facility, Capital Leases and Other Financing Obligations

Debt

Our long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Senior revolving credit facility	$	—		$	117,500
Term Loan A (less unamortized debt issuance costs    of $686 and $873, respectively)		155,720		165,377
Accounts receivable securitization financing facility		111,000			25,000
Capital leases and other financing obligations		1,974			5,291
Total		268,694			313,168
Less: current portion of long-term debt		(17,360	)		(16,592	)
Long-term debt	$	251,334		$	296,576

Our senior revolving credit facility (“revolving facility”) has an aggregate U.S. dollar equivalent maximum borrowing amount of $350,000,000, including a maximum borrowing capacity that may be used for borrowing in certain foreign currencies of $50,000,000, and matures on June 23, 2021.  In January 2017, we amended our revolving facility to expand the facility by $175,000,000 in the form of an incremental Term Loan A (“TLA”).  The TLA requires amortization payments of 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% of the original principal balance in years one through five, respectively, to be paid quarterly through March 31, 2021, with the remaining balance of $107,187,500 due at maturity on June 23, 2021.

Our accounts receivable securitization financing facility (the “ABS facility”) was amended on June 27, 2018 to, among other things, renew the borrowing program for a three-year term expiring June 23, 2021. The ABS facility has a maximum aggregate borrowing availability of $250,000,000.  While the ABS facility has a stated maximum amount, the actual availability under the ABS facility is limited by the quantity and quality of the underlying accounts receivable.  As of September 30, 2018, qualified receivables were sufficient to permit access to the full $250,000,000 facility amount, of which $111,000,000 was outstanding.

Our consolidated debt balance that can be outstanding at the end of any fiscal quarter under our revolving facility, our TLA and our ABS facility is limited by certain financial covenants, particularly a maximum leverage ratio.  The maximum leverage ratio is calculated as aggregate debt outstanding divided by the sum of our trailing twelve month net earnings (loss) plus (i) interest expense, excluding non-cash imputed interest on our inventory financing facility, (ii) income tax expense (benefit), (iii) depreciation and amortization, (iv) non-cash stock-based compensation, (v) extraordinary or non-recurring non-cash losses or expenses and (vi) certain cash restructuring and acquisition-related charges and synergies, not to exceed a specified cap (“adjusted earnings”).  The maximum leverage ratio permitted under the facilities is currently 3.25 times our trailing twelve-month adjusted earnings.  A significant drop in our adjusted earnings would limit the amount of indebtedness that could be outstanding at the end of any fiscal quarter to a level that would be below our consolidated maximum facility amount.  Based on our maximum leverage ratio as of September 30, 2018, our aggregate debt balance that could have been outstanding under our revolving facility, our TLA and our ABS facility was the full amount of the maximum borrowing capacity of $756,406,000. We had no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility and $156,406,000 and $111,000,000 outstanding under our TLA and ABS facility, respectively, at September 30, 2018.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

Inventory Financing Facility

Our inventory financing facility was amended on March 23, 2018 to increase the aggregate availability for vendor purchases under the facility from $325,000,000 to $400,000,000, of which $237,556,000 was outstanding at September 30, 2018.  The inventory financing facility matures on June 23, 2021.  In conjunction with the increase in the aggregate availability under the facility, we no longer have the option to request additional increases in the aggregate amount available under the inventory financing facility without amending the facility.  If balances are not paid within stated vendor terms, they will accrue interest at prime plus 1.25%.  Amounts outstanding under this facility are classified separately as accounts payable – inventory financing facility in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Capital Lease and Other Financing Obligations

Our capital lease obligations totaled $1,517,000 and $2,802,000 as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.     

In conjunction with our acquisition of Datalink effective January 6, 2017, we acquired certain obligations associated with Datalink’s financing of the equipment that it leased to its clients.  These financing obligations totaled $457,000 and $2,489,000 as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.  

The current and long-term portions of our capital lease and other financing obligations are included in the current and long-term portions of long-term debt in the table above and in our consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.      

6. Severance and Restructuring Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded severance expense in each of our operating segments.  The charges in all three operating segments primarily related to severance actions taken to realign certain roles and responsibilities.  The following table details the activity related to these resource actions for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the outstanding obligations as of September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

	North America			EMEA			APAC			Consolidated
Balances at December 31, 2017	$	1,631		$	2,994		$	15		$	4,640
Severance costs, net of adjustments		1,034			1,545			130			2,709
Cash payments		(1,403	)		(3,102	)		(145	)		(4,650	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(21	)		(12	)		—			(33	)
Balances at September 30, 2018	$	1,241		$	1,425		$	—		$	2,666

The remaining outstanding obligations are expected to be paid during the next 12 months and, therefore, are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

7.Stock-Based Compensation

We recorded the following pre-tax amounts in selling and administrative expenses for stock-based compensation, by operating segment, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
North America	$	2,837	$	2,589	$	8,172	$	7,716
EMEA		754		694		2,234		2,130
APAC		126		102		358		288
Total Consolidated	$	3,717	$	3,385	$	10,764	$	10,134

As of September 30, 2018, total compensation cost related to nonvested RSUs not yet recognized is $23,929,000, which is expected to be recognized over the next 1.34 years on a weighted-average basis.  

The following table summarizes our RSU activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Number			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2018		892,113		$	32.86
Granted(a)		431,745			37.02
Vested, including shares withheld to cover taxes		(376,319	)		29.74	$	13,962,749	(b)
Forfeited		(37,469	)		33.87
Nonvested at September 30, 2018(a)		910,070			36.08	$	49,225,686	(c)

^(a) Includes 113,993 RSUs subject to remaining performance conditions.  The number of RSUs subject to performance conditions are based on the Company achieving 97% of its 2018 targeted financial results.  The number of RSUs ultimately awarded under the performance-based RSUs varies based on actual achieved financial results for 2018.  

^(b) The aggregate fair value of vested RSUs represents the total pre-tax fair value, based on the closing stock price on the day of vesting, which would have been received by holders of RSUs had all such holders sold their underlying shares on that date.  

^(c) The aggregate fair value of the nonvested RSUs and the RSUs expected to vest represents the total pre-tax fair value, based on our closing stock price of $54.09 as of September 28, 2018 (the last trading day of the quarter), which would have been received by holders of RSUs had all such holders sold their underlying shares on that date.

8. Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 25.6% and 25.8%, respectively.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, our effective tax rate was higher than the United States federal statutory rate of 21.0% due primarily to state income taxes, net of federal benefit.

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was 36.8% and 35.6%, respectively.  For the three months ended September 30, 2017, our effective tax rate was higher than the United States federal statutory rate of 35.0% due primarily to state income taxes, net of federal benefit, and the disallowance of the loss on the sale of a foreign entity.  Additionally, the effect of lower taxes on earnings in foreign jurisdictions was offset partially by losses in certain foreign jurisdictions, resulting in an increase in the valuation allowance for

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

deferred tax assets related to these foreign operating losses.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, our effective tax rate approximated the United States federal statutory rate of 35.0% due primarily to increases in the rate caused by state income taxes, net of federal benefit, and the disallowance of the loss on the sale of a foreign entity offset by the decreases in the rate caused by the recognition of $2,258,000 of tax benefits on the settlement of employee share-based awards during the first nine months of 2017 in accordance with a new accounting standard, which was adopted effective January 1, 2017.  Additionally, the effect of lower taxes on earnings in foreign jurisdictions was offset partially by losses in certain foreign jurisdictions, resulting in an increase in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets related to these foreign operating losses.

In December 2017, U.S. federal tax reform was enacted as part of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.  Although we recorded a tax charge in 2017 in connection with the enactment of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, we have not completed our accounting related to all of its provisions.  U.S. income taxes attributable to the remeasurement of U.S. deferred income taxes, the mandatory deemed repatriation provision and the state tax effects of these items are provisional amounts.  For the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we have not made any changes to these provisional estimates, and we are continuing to analyze and model the impacts of the U.S. federal tax reform and will record said impacts as they become more certain, but no later than December 2018.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had approximately $4,139,000 and $4,273,000, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits.  Of these amounts, approximately $314,000 and $287,000, respectively, related to accrued interest.  In the future, if recognized, the liability associated with uncertain tax positions would affect our effective tax rate.  We do not believe there will be any changes over the next 12 months that would have a material effect on our effective tax rate.  

Several of our subsidiaries are currently under audit for tax years 2012 through 2015.  Although the timing of the resolutions and/or closures of audits is highly uncertain, it is reasonably possible that the examination phase of these audits may be concluded within the next 12 months, which could increase or decrease the balance of our gross unrecognized tax benefits.  However, based on the status of the various examinations in multiple jurisdictions, an estimate of the range of reasonably possible outcomes cannot be made at this time, but the estimated effect on our income tax expense and net earnings is not expected to be significant.  

9. Share Repurchase Program

On February 13, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $50,000,000 of our common stock.  Our share repurchases will be made on the open market, subject to Rule 10b-18 or in privately negotiated transactions, through block trades, through 10b5-1 plans or otherwise, at management’s discretion.  The amount of shares purchased and the timing of the purchases will be based on market conditions, working capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors.  We intend to retire the repurchased shares.  

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we repurchased 641,211 shares of our common stock on the open market at a total cost of approximately $22,069,000 (an average price of $34.42 per share).  All shares repurchased were retired.  During the comparative nine months ended September 30, 2017, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock.    

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Contractual

In the ordinary course of business, we issue performance bonds to secure our performance under certain contracts or state tax requirements.  As of September 30, 2018, we had approximately $2,075,000 of performance bonds outstanding.  These bonds are issued on our behalf by a surety company on an unsecured basis; however, if the surety company is ever required to pay out under the bonds, we have contractually agreed to reimburse the surety company.

Management believes that payments, if any, related to these performance bonds are not probable at September 30, 2018.  Accordingly, we have not accrued any liabilities related to such performance bonds in our consolidated financial statements.

Employment Contracts and Severance Plans

We have employment contracts with, and severance plans covering, certain officers and management teammates under which severance payments would become payable in the event of specified terminations without cause or terminations under certain circumstances after a change in control.  In addition, vesting of outstanding nonvested RSUs would accelerate following a change in control.  If severance payments under the current employment agreements or plan payments were to become payable, the severance payments would generally range from three to twenty-four months of salary.

Indemnifications

From time to time, in the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements under which we agree to indemnify either our clients or third-party service providers from certain losses incurred relating to services performed on our behalf or for losses arising from defined events, which may include litigation or claims relating to past performance.  These arrangements include, but are not limited to, the indemnification of our clients for certain claims arising out of our performance under our sales contracts, the indemnification of our landlords for certain claims arising from our use of leased facilities and the indemnification of the lenders that provide our credit facilities for certain claims arising from their extension of credit to us.  Such indemnification obligations may not be subject to maximum loss clauses.

Management believes that payments, if any, related to these indemnifications are not probable at September 30, 2018.  Accordingly, we have not accrued any liabilities related to such indemnifications in our consolidated financial statements.

We have entered into separate indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and with each of our directors.  These agreements require us, among other requirements, to indemnify such officers and directors against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments and settlements incurred by such individual in connection with any action arising out of such individual’s status or service as our executive officer or director (subject to exceptions such as where the individual failed to act in good faith or in a manner the individual reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company) and to advance expenses incurred by such individual with respect to which such individual may be entitled to indemnification by us.  There are no pending legal proceedings that involve the indemnification of any of the Company’s directors or officers.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

Contingencies Related to Third-Party Review

From time to time, we are subject to potential claims and assessments from third parties.  We are also subject to various governmental, client and partner audits.  We continually assess whether or not such claims have merit and warrant accrual.  Where appropriate, we accrue estimates of anticipated liabilities in the consolidated financial statements.  Such estimates are subject to change and may affect our results of operations and our cash flows.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including preference payment claims asserted in client bankruptcy proceedings, indemnification claims, claims of alleged infringement of patents, trademarks, copyrights and other intellectual property rights, claims of alleged non-compliance with contract provisions and claims related to alleged violations of laws and regulations.  We regularly evaluate the status of the legal proceedings in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss, or an additional loss, may have been incurred and determine if accruals are appropriate.  If accruals are not appropriate, we further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of possible loss or range of possible loss can be made for disclosure.  Although litigation is inherently unpredictable, we believe that we have adequate provisions for any probable and estimable losses.  It is possible, nevertheless, that our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity could be materially and adversely affected in any particular period by the resolution of a legal proceeding.  Legal expenses related to defense, negotiations, settlements, rulings and advice of outside legal counsel are expensed as incurred.

The Company is not involved in any pending or threatened legal proceedings that it believes would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.

11.Segment Information

We operate in three reportable geographic operating segments: North America; EMEA; and APAC.  Our offerings in North America and certain countries in EMEA and APAC include IT hardware, software and services.  Our offerings in the remainder of our EMEA and APAC segments are largely software and certain software-related services.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, subsequent to our acquisition of Datalink, our consolidated net sales from the provision of services approximated 10%.  As such, beginning with our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017, we began reporting net sales from the provision of services and the related costs of goods sold separately from net sales of products and the related costs of goods sold on the face of our consolidated statement of operations.  We continued this presentation in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, and expect to continue this presentation in future periods.  For comparability purposes, net sales and costs of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 have been expanded to conform to the current year presentation.  These changes in presentation had no effect on previously reported total net sales, total costs of goods sold or gross profit amounts.

In conjunction with these changes in presentation, because fees earned from activities reported net are considered services revenues, we reclassified certain revenue streams for which we act as the agent in the transaction to net sales from services.  Previously, we included these net revenue streams within our software and, to a lesser extent, hardware sales mix categories based on the type of product being sold (e.g., fees earned for the sale of software maintenance and certain software licenses were included in software sales and fees earned for the sale of certain third-party provided training and warranty services were included in hardware sales when we

24

INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

historically disclosed and analyzed our sales mix).  For comparability purposes, our sales mix among our hardware, software and services categories for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.  These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported total net sales amounts.  

The following table summarizes net sales by offering for North America, EMEA and APAC including the effect of the reclassifications on the previously reported net sales by sales mix amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (in thousands):

	North America				EMEA				APAC
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,
Sales Mix	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
			(As Reclassified)				(As Reclassified)				(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	953,431	$	962,101	$	147,497	$	137,493	$	6,041	$	7,444
Software		259,602		321,074		168,603		153,616		13,099		17,245
Services		158,426		127,904		29,080		21,085		11,947		10,011
	$	1,371,459	$	1,411,079	$	345,180	$	312,194	$	31,087	$	34,700

	North America				EMEA				APAC
	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Sales Mix	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
			(As Reclassified)				(As Reclassified)				(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	2,724,916	$	2,476,353	$	505,844	$	400,362	$	22,518	$	18,440
Software		828,231		936,700		551,920		513,050		91,459		81,501
Services		465,458		390,290		104,086		75,197		36,658		27,655
	$	4,018,605	$	3,803,343	$	1,161,850	$	988,609	$	150,635	$	127,596

Fees earned from activities reported on a net basis in North America, EMEA and APAC, totaling $21,641,000, $9,644,000 and $2,911,000, respectively, in the three months ended September 30, 2017, were reclassified from our software or hardware product categories to our services category to conform to the current year presentation.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, fees earned from activities reported on a net basis in North America, EMEA and APAC, totaling $76,317,000, $39,750,000 and $9,938,000, respectively, were reclassified from our software or hardware product categories to our services category to conform to the current year presentation.

All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated upon consolidation, and there are no differences between the accounting policies used to measure profit and loss for our segments or on a consolidated basis.  Net sales are defined as net sales to external clients. None of our clients exceeded ten percent of consolidated net sales for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018 or 2017.

A portion of our operating segments’ selling and administrative expenses arise from shared services and infrastructure that we have historically provided to them in order to realize economies of scale and to use resources efficiently.  These expenses, collectively identified as corporate charges, include senior management expenses, internal audit, legal, tax, insurance services, treasury and other corporate infrastructure expenses.  Charges are allocated to our operating segments, and the allocations have been determined on a basis that we considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided to or benefits received by the operating segments.  

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

The following tables present our results of operations by reportable operating segment for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	North America		EMEA		APAC		Consolidated
Net sales:
Products	$	1,213,033	$	316,100	$	19,140	$	1,548,273
Services		158,426		29,080		11,947		199,453
Total net sales		1,371,459		345,180		31,087		1,747,726
Costs of goods sold:
Products		1,108,658		290,071		17,079		1,415,808
Services		83,474		7,875		5,655		97,004
Total costs of goods sold		1,192,132		297,946		22,734		1,512,812
Gross profit		179,327		47,234		8,353		234,914
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		134,792		42,206		7,097		184,095
Severance and restructuring expenses		253		430		—		683
Acquisition-related expenses		188		—		—		188
Earnings from operations	$	44,094	$	4,598	$	1,256	$	49,948

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	North America		EMEA			APAC		Consolidated
Net sales:
Products	$	1,283,175	$	291,109		$	24,689	$	1,598,973
Services		127,904		21,085			10,011		159,000
Total net sales		1,411,079		312,194			34,700		1,757,973
Costs of goods sold:
Products		1,175,757		265,588			22,069		1,463,414
Services		59,301		4,988			4,189		68,478
Total costs of goods sold		1,235,058		270,576			26,258		1,531,892
Gross profit		176,021		41,618			8,442		226,081
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		132,853		39,948			7,589		180,390
Severance and restructuring expenses		398		53			43		494
Loss on sale of foreign entity		—		3,646			—		3,646
Acquisition-related expenses		—		106			—		106
Earnings (loss) from operations	$	42,770	$	(2,135	)	$	810	$	41,445

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	North America		EMEA		APAC		Consolidated
Net sales:
Products	$	3,553,147	$	1,057,764	$	113,977	$	4,724,888
Services		465,458		104,086		36,658		606,202
Total net sales		4,018,605		1,161,850		150,635		5,331,090
Costs of goods sold:
Products		3,242,903		971,232		105,046		4,319,181
Services		230,487		25,370		16,498		272,355
Total costs of goods sold		3,473,390		996,602		121,544		4,591,536
Gross profit		545,215		165,248		29,091		739,554
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		402,638		137,383		21,718		561,739
Severance and restructuring expenses		1,034		1,545		130		2,709
Acquisition-related expenses		282		—		—		282
Earnings from operations	$	141,261	$	26,320	$	7,243	$	174,824

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	North America		EMEA		APAC		Consolidated
Net sales:
Products	$	3,413,053	$	913,412	$	99,941	$	4,426,406
Services		390,290		75,197		27,655		493,142
Total net sales		3,803,343		988,609		127,596		4,919,548
Costs of goods sold:
Products		3,109,186		835,343		91,957		4,036,486
Services		177,049		13,369		6,957		197,375
Total costs of goods sold		3,286,235		848,712		98,914		4,233,861
Gross profit		517,108		139,897		28,682		685,687
Operating expenses:
Selling and administrative expenses		395,423		121,863		21,488		538,774
Severance and restructuring expenses		2,045		4,062		104		6,211
Loss on sale of foreign entity		—		3,646		—		3,646
Acquisition-related expenses		3,223		106		—		3,329
Earnings from operations	$	116,417	$	10,220	$	7,090	$	133,727

The following is a summary of our total assets by reportable operating segment (in thousands):

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
North America	$	2,426,570		$	2,337,573
EMEA		478,179			530,242
APAC		100,295			101,169
Corporate assets and intercompany eliminations, net		(494,527	)		(283,333	)
Total assets	$	2,510,517		$	2,685,651

We recorded the following pre-tax amounts, by reportable operating segment, for depreciation and amortization in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Depreciation and amortization of property and    equipment:
North America	$	4,131	$	5,276	$	12,587	$	15,380
EMEA		1,052		1,287		3,053		3,662
APAC		123		138		378		388
		5,306		6,701		16,018		19,430
Amortization of intangible assets:
North America		3,949		4,012		10,670		12,036
EMEA		71		—		216		12
APAC		165		198		513		595
		4,185		4,210		11,399		12,643
Total	$	9,491	$	10,911	$	27,417	$	32,073

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

(unaudited)

12. Acquisition

Effective August 1, 2018, we acquired 100 percent of the issued and outstanding shares of Cardinal, a digital solutions provider based in Cincinnati, Ohio, with offices across the Midwest and Southeast United States, for a cash purchase price, net of cash acquired, of approximately $79,000,000, including estimates for final working capital and tax gross up adjustments to be paid in future periods.  Cardinal provides technology solutions to digitally transform organizations through their expertise in mobile applications development, Internet of Things and cloud enabled business intelligence.  We believe that this acquisition strengthens our services capabilities and will bring value to our clients within our digital innovation services solution offering.

The fair value of net assets acquired was approximately $42,500,000, including $27,540,000 of identifiable intangible assets, consisting primarily of customer relationships that will be amortized using the straight line method over the estimated economic life of ten years.  The preliminary purchase price was allocated using the information currently available.  Further information obtained upon the finalization of the fair value assumptions for identifiable intangible assets acquired and the finalization of the fair value of the non-cash working capital could lead to an adjustment of the purchase price allocation.  Goodwill acquired approximated $36,500,000 which was recorded in our North America operating segment.  The goodwill is tax deductible.

We consolidated the results of operations for Cardinal within our North America operating segment beginning on August 1, 2018, the effective date of the acquisition.  Our historical results would not have been materially affected by the acquisition of Cardinal and, accordingly, we have not presented pro forma information as if the acquisition had been completed at the beginning of each period presented in our statement of operations.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  We refer to our customers as “clients,” our suppliers as “partners” and our employees as “teammates.”

Quarterly Overview

Today, every business is a technology business.  We empower organizations of all sizes in North America; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) with Insight Intelligent Technology Solutions^TM and services to maximize the business value of IT.  As a Fortune 500-ranked global provider of digital innovation, cloud/data center transformation, connected workforce, and supply chain optimization solutions and services, we help clients innovate and optimize their operations to run smarter. Our offerings in North America and certain countries in EMEA and APAC include hardware, software and services.  Our offerings in the remainder of our EMEA and APAC segments consist of largely software and certain software-related services.

Consolidated net sales of $1.75 billion in the three months ended September 30, 2018 decreased less than 1% when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, reflecting strong growth in our services category, offset by a decrease in software product sales year over year resulting from the effect of the adoption of ASC 606, effective January 1, 2018, whereby more of our software sales are now reported newt and included in services revenue.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated net sales remained flat in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017.  

Consolidated gross profit of $234.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 4% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated gross profit increased 5% in the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Gross margin increased approximately 50 basis points year over year to 13.4%, reflecting an increase in gross profit from services net sales, including professional services and a higher mix of sales of software maintenance and cloud offerings which are recorded net, as we are the agent in these transactions.

Consolidated selling and administrative expenses for the third quarter of 2018 increased $3.7 million, or 2% year over year (up 3% excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates) due primarily to the addition of Cardinal Solutions Group, Inc. (“Cardinal”) to our business beginning in August 2018.  Our consolidated results of operations for the third quarter of 2018 also include severance expense, net of adjustments, totaling $683,000 compared to $494,000 during the third quarter of 2017, as well as, $188,000 in transaction expenses related to our acquisition of Cardinal compared to $106,000 in transaction expenses related to our acquisition of Caase Group B.V. (referred to herein as, “Caase.com”) during the third quarter of 2017.  Additionally, in the third quarter of 2017, we sold our operations in Russia, formerly part of our EMEA operating segment, and recorded a loss on the sale of $3.6 million.

Consolidated earnings from operations grew21% year over year to $49.9 million in the third quarter of 2018 compared to $41.4 million in the third quarter of 2017.Each of our operating segments contributed positively to these earnings results. Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated earnings from operations also increased 21% year over year.  

On a consolidated basis, we reported net earnings of $32.2 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.89 for the third quarter of 2018, which includes a benefit from the lower tax rate due to

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the 2017 U.S. federal tax reform.  This compares to net earnings of $22.4 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.62 for the third quarter of 2017.

Throughout the “Quarterly Overview” and “Results of Operations” sections of this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” we refer to changes in net sales, gross profit, selling and administrative expenses and earnings from operations on a consolidated basis and in North America, EMEA and APAC excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates.  In computing the changes in amounts and percentages, we compare the current period amount as translated into U.S. dollars under the applicable accounting standards to the prior period amount in local currency translated into U.S. dollars utilizing the weighted average translation rate for the current period.

Details about segment results of operations can be found in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to assist in the understanding of our consolidated financial statements, including the changes in certain key items in those consolidated financial statements from period to period and the primary factors that contributed to those changes, as well as how certain critical accounting estimates affect our consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).  For a summary of significant accounting policies, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net sales and expenses.  We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  Actual results, however, may differ from estimates we have made.  Members of our senior management have discussed the critical accounting estimates and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.  

There have been no changes to the items disclosed as critical accounting estimates in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, other than the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” effective January 1, 2018, as discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.  

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Costs of goods sold		86.6			87.1			86.1			86.1
Gross profit		13.4			12.9			13.9			13.9
Selling and administrative expenses		10.5			10.3			10.5			10.9
Severance and restructuring expenses, loss on sale of    foreign entity and acquisition-related expenses		—			0.2			0.1			0.3
Earnings from operations		2.9			2.4			3.3			2.7
Non-operating expense, net		0.4			0.4			0.3			0.3
Earnings before income taxes		2.5			2.0			3.0			2.4
Income tax expense		0.7			0.7			0.8			0.8
Net earnings		1.8	%		1.3	%		2.2	%		1.6	%

We experience some seasonal trends in our sales of IT hardware, software and services.  Software sales are typically seasonally higher in our second quarter.  Business clients, particularly larger enterprise businesses in the United States, tend to spend more in our fourth quarter and less in our first quarter.  Sales to the federal government in the United States are often stronger in our third quarter, while sales in the state and local government and education markets are stronger in our second quarter.  Sales to public sector clients in the United Kingdom are often stronger in our first quarter.  These trends create overall seasonality in our consolidated results such that net sales and profitability are expected to be higher in the second and fourth quarters of the year.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, our consolidated net sales from the provision of services approximated 10% of net sales.  As such, beginning with our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017, we began reporting net sales from the provision of services and the related costs of goods sold separately from net sales of products and the related costs of goods sold on the face of our consolidated statements of operations.  We continued this presentation in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included in the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.  For comparability purposes, net sales and costs of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 have been expanded to conform to the current year presentation.  These changes in presentation had no effect on previously reported total net sales, total costs of goods sold or gross profit amounts.

In conjunction with this change in presentation, because fees earned from activities reported net are considered services revenues, we reclassified certain revenue streams for which we act as the agent in the transaction to net sales from services.  Previously, we included these net revenue streams within our software and, to a lesser extent, hardware sales mix categories based on the type of product being sold (e.g., fees earned for the sale of software maintenance and certain software licenses were included in software sales and fees earned for the sale of certain third-party provided training and warranty services were included in hardware sales when we historically disclosed and analyzed our sales mix).  For comparability purposes, our sales mix among our hardware, software and services categories for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.  These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported net sales amounts.

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Additionally, we corrected immaterial errors identified in our March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 consolidated financial statements in the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  The adjustments recorded to correct the errors impacted net sales and cost of goods sold with an inconsequential impact on gross profit and net earnings during the first quarter of 2018.  As a result of the adjustments, there were no significant impacts to earnings from operations, net earnings, and related per share amounts previously reported in the first or second quarter of 2018.  For additional information, see Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this reports.

Our gross profit across the business is, and will continue to be, impacted by partner incentives, which can change significantly in the amounts made available and the related product or services sales being incentivized by the partner.  Incentives from our largest partners are significant and changes in the incentives could impact our results of operations to the extent we are unable to remediate and otherwise respond to them.   

Net Sales.  Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2018 decreased less than 1% year to year to $1.75 billion compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated net sales remained flat in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017.  Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 8% to $5.33 billion compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated net sales increased 6% in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017.  Our net sales by operating segment were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				%			Nine Months Ended September 30,				%
	2018		2017		Change			2018		2017		Change
North America	$	1,371,459	$	1,411,079		(3	%)	$	4,018,605	$	3,803,343		6	%
EMEA		345,180		312,194		11	%		1,161,850		988,609		18	%
APAC		31,087		34,700		(10	%)		150,635		127,596		18	%
Consolidated	$	1,747,726	$	1,757,973		(1	%)	$	5,331,090	$	4,919,548		8	%

Net sales in North America decreased 3%, or $39.6 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Net sales of services increased 24%, year over year, while net sales of hardware and software decreased 1% and 19%, respectively, year to year.  Services net sales improved year over year due to higher sales of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings as well as higher Insight delivered services, resulting mainly from our Cardinal acquisition.  This increase was offset by lower hardware sales, primarily to enterprise clients, and lower software sales, due to the adoption of ASC 606 whereby more software sales are recorded net, and now included in services revenue, as well as lower volume sales to public sector clients in the quarter.  The Company experienced lower than seasonal hardware sales towards the latter part of the quarter.

Net sales in North America increased 6%, or $215.3 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Net sales of hardware and services increased 10% and 19%, respectively, year over year, partially offset by net sales of software decreasing 12% year to year.  By client group, our top line results reflected high single digit growth with large enterprise clients and small and medium businesses while net sales to public sector clients declined during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  The growth in hardware net sales reflects the device refresh cycle discussed in previous quarters.  Services net sales improved year over year due to higher sales of hardware warranty and cloud subscription offerings that are reported net, as well as contribution by our Cardinal acquisition, effective August 1, 2018.The decline in software product net sales is primarily due to lower volume with public sector clients.  Software product net sales have also been affected by clients migrating software applications to cloud solutions which are now recorded in services and the impact of the adoption of

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the new revenue recognition standard effective January 1, 2018, that resulted in sales of security software now also being reported net and in services.  

Our net sales by offering category for North America for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (as reclassified), were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
	(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	953,431	$	962,101		(1	%)
Software		259,602		321,074		(19	%)
Services		158,426		127,904		24	%
	$	1,371,459	$	1,411,079		(3	%)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
	(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	2,724,916	$	2,476,353		10	%
Software		828,231		936,700		(12	%)
Services		465,458		390,290		19	%
	$	4,018,605	$	3,803,343		6	%

In North America, fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $113,000 and $21.5 million that were previously reported as part of our hardware and software product categories, respectively, in the three months ended September 30, 2017, were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.  Fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $292,000 and $76.0 million that were previously reported as part of our hardware and software product categories, respectively, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.

Net sales in EMEA increased 11%, or $33.0 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, net sales increased 12% compared to the third quarter of last year.  Net sales of hardware, software and services increased 7%, 10% and 38%, respectively, compared to the third quarter of 2017.  The increase in hardware net sales reflects a higher volume of sales of client devices and networking solutions to enterprise and public sector clients.  The increase in software net sales reflects a higher volume of sales to enterprise clients.  The increase in services net sales reflects a higher volume of sales of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings that are reported net, as well as the addition of Dutch cloud service provider, Caase.com, to our business effective September 26, 2017.

Net sales in EMEA increased 18%, or $173.2 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, net sales increased 10% compared to the first nine months of last year.  Net sales of hardware, software and services increased 26%, 8% and 38%, respectively, compared to the first nine months of 2017.  The increase in hardware net sales reflects a higher volume of sales of client devices and networking solutions to large enterprise and public sector clients.  The increase in services net sales reflects a higher volume of sales of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings that are reported net, as well as the addition of Dutch cloud service provider, Caase.com, to our business effective September 26, 2017.

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Our net sales by offering category for EMEA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (as reclassified), were as follows (dollars in thousands):  

	Three Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
	(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	147,497	$	137,493		7	%
Software		168,603		153,616		10	%
Services		29,080		21,085		38	%
	$	345,180	$	312,194		11	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
	(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	505,844	$	400,362		26	%
Software		551,920		513,050		8	%
Services		104,086		75,197		38	%
	$	1,161,850	$	988,609		18	%

In EMEA, fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $9.7 million that were previously reported as part of our software product category in the three months ended September 30, 2017 were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.  Fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $39.8 million that were previously reported as part of our software product category in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.

Net sales in APAC decreased 10%, or $3.6 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, net sales decreased 5% compared to the third quarter of last year.  The decrease in net sales reflects a decline in hardware and software net sales of 19% and 24%, respectively, primarily in Australia, our largest APAC market.  The decrease in software net sales is primarily due to the effect of clients migrating software applications to cloud solutions which are now recorded in services.  This decrease was partially offset by an increase in sales of cloud subscription offerings and consulting services engagements in the services category.  

Net sales in APAC increased 18%, or $23.0 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, net sales increased 17% compared to the first nine months of last year.  The increase was driven by growth of 22%, 12% and 33% in the hardware, software and services categories, respectively.  The growth in hardware net sales reflects a higher volume of sales in Australia.  Software net sales increased due to a single large public sector license renewal recorded in the first quarter of 2018 that historically transacted in the fourth quarter.  Services net sales also increased due to an increase in cloud and digital solutions based professional service engagements.

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Our net sales by offering category for APAC for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (as reclassified), were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
			(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	6,041	$	7,444		(19	%)
Software		13,099		17,245		(24	%)
Services		11,947		10,011		19	%
	$	31,087	$	34,700		(10	%)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				%
Sales Mix	2018		2017		Change
			(As Reclassified)
Hardware	$	22,518	$	18,440		22	%
Software		91,459		81,501		12	%
Services		36,658		27,655		33	%
	$	150,635	$	127,596		18	%

In APAC, fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $3,000 and $2.9 million that were previously reported as part of our hardware and software product categories, respectively, in the three months ended September 30, 2017, were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.  Fees earned from activities reported on a net basis of $9,000 and $9.9 million that were previously reported as part of our hardware and software product categories, respectively, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, were reclassified to services to conform to the current period presentation.

The percentage of net sales by category for North America, EMEA and APAC were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (as reclassified):

	North America						EMEA						APAC
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,
Sales Mix	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017
Hardware		69	%		68	%		43	%		44	%		20	%		21	%
Software		19	%		23	%		49	%		49	%		42	%		50	%
Services		12	%		9	%		8	%		7	%		38	%		29	%
		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%

	North America						EMEA						APAC
	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
Sales Mix	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017
Hardware		68	%		65	%		44	%		40	%		15	%		14	%
Software		21	%		25	%		48	%		52	%		61	%		64	%
Services		11	%		10	%		8	%		8	%		24	%		22	%
		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%

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Gross Profit.  Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 4%, or $8.8 million, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, with gross margin increasing approximately 50 basis points to 13.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 12.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated gross profit increased 5% year over year in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017.  Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 8%, or $53.9 million, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, with gross margin remaining flat at 13.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated gross profit increased 6% year over year in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017.  Our gross profit and gross profit as a percentage of net sales by operating segment were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,										Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		% of Net Sales			2017		% of Net Sales			2018		% of Net Sales			2017		% of Net Sales
North America	$	179,327		13.1	%	$	176,021		12.5	%	$	545,215		13.6	%	$	517,108		13.6	%
EMEA		47,234		13.7	%		41,618		13.3	%		165,248		14.2	%		139,897		14.2	%
APAC		8,353		26.9	%		8,442		24.3	%		29,091		19.3	%		28,682		22.5	%
Consolidated	$	234,914		13.4	%	$	226,081		12.9	%	$	739,554		13.9	%	$	685,687		13.9	%

North America’s gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 2% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  As a percentage of net sales, gross margin increased approximately 60 basis points to 13.1% for the third quarter of 2018 from 12.5% in the third quarter of 2017.  The year over year improvement in gross margin was primarily attributable to a 60 basis point increase generated by higher margin services net sales. The increase in margin generated by services net sales reflects a 12 basis point increase from cloud subscription offerings that are recorded on a net basis, and a 19 basis point increase from software maintenance net sales, also recorded net, during the third quarter of 2018. Insight delivered services, inclusive of our Cardinal acquisition, also generated a margin increase of 14 basis points during the third quarter of 2018.

North America’s gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 5% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  As a percentage of net sales, gross margin remained flat at 13.6% for the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017.  The change in gross margin was primarily attributable to a 27 basis point decrease in software and hardware product margin, offset by a 24 basis point increase in services margin.  The net decrease in product margin was due primarily to the lower mix of software license sales, as clients are migrating to cloud solutions, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  This was offset by a 24 basis point increase in services net sales driven by items recorded net, primarily cloud solutions net sales, partially offset by a decrease in Insight delivered services.

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EMEA’s gross profit increased 13% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, gross profit increased 15% compared to the third quarter of last year.  As a percentage of net sales, gross margin increased approximately 40 basis points to 13.7% for the third quarter of 2018 from 13.3% in the third quarter of 2017.  The year over year improvement in gross margin was primarily attributable to an increase in higher margin services net sales, which contributed 99 basis points of the margin expansion, partially offset by a net decrease in product margin, which includes partner funding and freight, of 63 basis points.  The increase in margin from services net sales during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2017 resulted from a higher volume of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings that are recorded on a net basis, as well as the addition of Dutch cloud service provider, Caase.com, to our business effective September 26, 2017.  The decrease in product margin during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2017, primarily resulted from a decrease in hardware and software project margins due to a higher proportion of sales to large enterprise and public sector clients, which generally transact at lower margins.        

EMEA’s gross profit increased 18% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, gross profit increased 11% compared to the first nine months of last year.  As a percentage of net sales, gross margin remained flat at 14.2% for the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017.  The change in gross margin was primarily attributable to an increase in higher margin services net sales, which contributed 52 basis points of margin expansion, offset by a net decrease in product margin, which includes partner funding and freight, of 45 basis points during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The increase in margin from services net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017 resulted from a higher volume of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings that are recorded on a net basis, as well as the addition of Dutch cloud service provider, Caase.com, to our business effective September 26, 2017.  The net decrease in product margin reflects higher software sales to large enterprise and public sector clients, which generally transact at lower margins, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  

APAC’s gross profit decreased 1% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, with gross margin increasing to 26.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 24.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, gross profit increased 5% compared to the third quarter of last year.  The increase in gross margin in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017 was due to an increase in mix of sales of software maintenance and cloud subscription offerings recorded net and higher gross profits from Insight delivered services.

APAC’s gross profit increased 1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, with gross margin decreasing to 19.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 22.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, gross profit also increased 1%, compared to the first nine months of last year.  The decrease in gross margin in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 was due primarily to a lower mix of services sales recorded net, primarily cloud subscription offerings and software maintenance sales, as well as lower fees earned on sales of enterprise agreements.  

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Operating Expenses.

Selling and Administrative Expenses. Selling and administrative expenses increased $3.7 million, or 2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased 3% year over year in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017.  Selling and administrative expenses increased $23.0 million, or 4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased 3% year over year in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017.  Our selling and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales by operating segment were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,										Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		% of Net Sales			2017		% of Net Sales			2018		% of Net Sales			2017		% of Net Sales
North America	$	134,792		9.8	%	$	132,853		9.4	%	$	402,638		10.0	%	$	395,423		10.4	%
EMEA		42,206		12.2	%		39,948		12.8	%		137,383		11.8	%		121,863		12.3	%
APAC		7,097		22.8	%		7,589		21.9	%		21,718		14.4	%		21,488		16.8	%
Consolidated	$	184,095		10.5	%	$	180,390		10.3	%	$	561,739		10.5	%	$	538,774		10.9	%

North America’s selling and administrative expenses increased 1%, or $1.9 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017 and increased approximately 40 basis points year over year as a percentage of net sales to 9.8%. The increase in expenses was primarily driven by a $2.6 million increase in salaries and wages and contract labor due to increases in headcount, including the addition of Cardinal to our business beginning August 1, 2018, and a $1.6 million increase in variable compensation resulting from increased gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in teammate benefits of $1.6 million due to decreased healthcare costs, lower depreciation and amortization expense of $1.2 million and lower professional fees of $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.      

North America’s selling and administrative expenses increased 2%, or $7.2 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and decreased approximately 40 basis points year to year as a percentage of net sales to 10.0%.  The increase in expenses was primarily driven by an $8.0 million increase in salaries and wages and contract labor due to increases in headcount, an $8.1 million increase in variable compensation resulting from increased net sales and gross profit and a $1.9 million increase in internal-use maintenance and cloud subscription costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in teammate benefits of $3.9 million due to decreased healthcare costs, lower depreciation and amortization expense of $4.2 million and lower professional fees of $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.      

EMEA’s selling and administrative expenses increased 6%, or $2.3 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017 and decreased approximately 60 basis points year to year as a percentage of net sales to 12.2%.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, selling and administrative expenses increased 7% compared to the third quarter of last year.  The increase in expenses reflects an increase of approximately $800,000 in teammate benefits expenses and an increase of

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

$1.2 million in variable compensation resulting from increased sales and gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.

EMEA’s selling and administrative expenses increased 13%, or $15.5 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and decreased approximately 50 basis points year to year as a percentage of net sales to 11.8%.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, selling and administrative expenses increased 6% compared to the first nine months of last year.  The increase in expenses reflects an increase of $4.4 million in salaries and wages and $3.0 million in teammate benefits expenses due to increased headcount and an increase of $4.6 million in variable compensation resulting from increased sales and gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

APAC’s selling and administrative expenses decreased 6%, or $492,000, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, and increased approximately 90 basis points year to year as a percentage of net sales to 22.8%.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, selling and administrative expenses decreased 1% compared to the third quarter of last year.  The year to year decrease was primarily driven by a reduction in salaries, wages and teammate benefits expenses associated with lower headcount.

APAC’s selling and administrative expenses increased 1%, or $230,000, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and decreased approximately 240 basis points year to year as a percentage of net sales to 14.4%.  Excluding the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, selling and administrative expenses increased 1% compared to the first nine months of last year.  The year over year increase was primarily driven by an increase in variable compensation resulting from increased net sales and gross profit.

Severance and Restructuring Expenses.  During the three months ended September 30, 2018, North America and EMEA recorded severance expense, net of adjustments, of approximately $253,000 and $430,000, respectively.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, North America, EMEA and APAC recorded severance expense, net of adjustments, of approximately $1.0 million, $1.5 million and $130,000, respectively.  The charges in all three operating segments primarily related to a realignment of certain roles and responsibilities.  Current period charges were offset by adjustments for changes in estimates of previous accruals as cash payments were made.  Comparatively, during the three months ended September 30, 2017, North America, EMEA and APAC recorded severance expense, net of adjustments, of approximately $398,000, $53,000 and $43,000, respectively.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, North America, EMEA and APAC recorded severance expense, net of adjustments, of approximately $2.0 million, $4.1 million and $104,000, respectively.  

Acquisition-related Expenses.  During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we incurred $188,000 and $282,000, respectively, in direct third-party transaction costs related to the acquisition of Cardinal, effective August 1, 2018.  Comparatively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred $106,000 and $3.3 million, respectively, in direct third-party transaction costs related to the acquisitions of Caase.com and Datalink Corporation (“Datalink”) in 2017.  

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

Non-Operating (Income) Expense.

Interest Income.  Interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was generated from interest earned on cash and cash equivalent bank balances.  The decrease in interest income year to year was primarily due to lower average interest-bearing cash and cash equivalent balances during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.    

Interest Expense.  Interest expense primarily relates to borrowings under our financing facilities and imputed interest under our inventory financing facility.  Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 10%, or $577,000, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 25%, or $3.4 million, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  These increases were due primarily to higher interest rates partially offset by lower average daily balances on our debt facilities in 2018.  Imputed interest under our inventory financing facility was $2.9 million and $7.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, compared to $1.9 million and $4.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.  The increases were a result of expanded use of the facility and a higher average incremental borrowing rate used to compute the imputed interest amounts during the 2018 periods.  For a description of our various financing facilities, see Note 5 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Net Foreign Currency Exchange Gains/Losses.  These gains/losses result from foreign currency transactions, including foreign currency derivative contracts and intercompany balances that are not considered long-term in nature.  The change in net foreign currency exchange gains/losses is due primarily to the underlying changes in the applicable exchange rates, partially mitigated by our use of foreign exchange forward contracts to offset the effects of fluctuations in foreign currencies on certain of our non-functional currency assets and liabilities.

Other Expense, Net.  Other expense, net, consists primarily of bank fees associated with our cash management activities.  

Income Tax Expense.  Our effective tax rate of 25.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was lower than our effective tax rate of 36.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.  Our effective tax rate of 25.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was lower than our effective tax rate of 35.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The decrease in our effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 was due primarily to the reduction in the United States federal statutory rate to 21.0%.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table sets forth certain consolidated cash flow information for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	247,241		$	(323,560	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(87,505	)		(201,321	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(152,103	)		538,963
Foreign currency exchange effect on cash, cash equivalent    and restricted cash balances		(2,434	)		19,635
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		5,199			33,717
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		107,445			205,946
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	112,644		$	239,663

Cash and Cash Flow

Our primary uses of cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were to acquire Cardinal, to pay down our debt balances, to repurchase shares of our common stock and for capital expenditures, as well as funding our working capital requirements.  Operating activities provided $247.2 million in cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to a use of cash of $323.6 million in operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The 2017 results were affected by a significant transaction at the beginning of the prior year period, whereby a single significant payment to a supplier was due and paid in January 2017, but the related receivable was collected from a client in the fourth quarter of 2016, as discussed in more detail below.During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we acquired Cardinal for approximately $79.0 million, net of cash acquired and including working capital and tax gross up adjustments currently estimated to be $3.9 million.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we acquired Datalink and Caase.com for an aggregate of approximately $186.9 million, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired.  We had net repayments under our inventory financing facility of $81.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to net borrowings under the facility of $45.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  We also had combined net repayments under our revolving facility and ABS facility that decreased our outstanding long-term debt by $41.3 million, including scheduled amortization payments under our Term Loan A (“TLA”).  Capital expenditures were $13.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, down 18% year to year.  Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were negatively affected by $2.4 million, while the balances in the nine months ended September, 30 2017 were positively affected by $19.6 million, as a result of foreign currency exchange rates.

We expect that cash flows from operations, together with the funds available under our financing facilities, will be adequate to support our presently anticipated cash and working capital requirements for operations as well as other strategic investments over the next 12 months.      

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.Cash flows from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 reflect our net earnings, adjusted for non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation expense and write-offs and write-downs of assets, as well as changes in asset and liability balances.  In both periods, exclusive of the acquisition of Datalink’s accounts receivable balances and the assumption of Datalink’s accounts payable balances during the 2017 period, we anticipated the cash inflows from the decreases in accounts receivable and cash outflows from decreases in accounts payable due to the seasonal changes in net sales from the fourth quarter to the third quarter, which resulted in lower accounts receivable and accounts payable balances as of September 30, compared to December 31.  Cash flow from operating activities in the first nine months of 2018 was $247.2 million, a significant increase in cash generation resulting from our focus on optimizing working capital, reducing aged accounts receivables and reducing our investments in inventory.  However, the 2017 results were also affected by a single significant payment to a supplier of approximately $160 million that was due and paid in January 2017 for which the related receivable was collected from the client in the fourth quarter of 2016, as noted previously.  The decrease in inventories for the first nine months of 2018 is primarily attributable to completing large shipments to clients related to work on various systems projects.  For the prior year period, the increase in inventories was primarily attributable to an increase in inventory levels at September 30, 2017 to support specific large enterprise client engagements and increased hardware sales near period end that were in transit to clients as of September 30, such that delivery was not deemed to have occurred until the product was received by the client in early October.  The decrease in other assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was a result of the change in accounting under the new revenue recognition standard, which resulted in accelerated recognition for certain contracts with payment terms that exceed one year.  As a result, costs deferred under the previous accounting guidance are no longer deferred as of the date of adoption of the new standard.  

Our consolidated cash flow operating metrics were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Days sales outstanding in ending accounts receivable (“DSOs”) (a)		89			78
Days inventory outstanding (“DIOs”) (b)		10			13
Days purchases outstanding in ending accounts payable (“DPOs”)(c)		(61	)		(54	)
Cash conversion cycle (days) (d)		38			37

(a) Calculated as the balance of current accounts receivable, net at the end of the quarter divided by daily net sales.  Daily net sales is calculated as net sales for the quarter divided by 92 days.

(b) Calculated as average inventories (excluding inventories not available for sale) divided by daily costs of goods sold.  Average inventories is calculated as the sum of the balances of inventories at the beginning of the quarter plus inventories at the end of the quarter divided by two.  Daily costs of goods sold is calculated as costs of goods sold for the quarter divided by 92 days.

(c) Calculated as the sum of the balances of accounts payable – trade and accounts payable – inventory financing facility at the end of the quarter divided by daily costs of goods sold.  Daily costs of goods sold is calculated as costs of goods sold for the quarter divided by 92 days.

(d) Calculated as DSOs plus DIOs, less DPOs.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

Our cash conversion cycle was 38 days in the third quarter of 2018, up one day from the third quarter of 2017.  The increase resulted from the net effect of an eleven day increase in DSOs, a three day decrease in DIOs due to deploying inventory against client specific engagements and an overall focus on minimizing inventory on hand, as well as a seven day increase in DPOs due to the timing of client receipts and supplier payments during the respective quarters.  These operating metrics include the effects of the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard effective January 1, 2018.  As a result, DSOs for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were higher by approximately nine days, due to a higher accounts receivable balance and lower net sales being reported under the new accounting guidance, than would have been reported under the previous accounting guidance.  This increase was partially offset by an increase of approximately five days in DPOs in the three months ended September 30, 2018, resulting from a higher accounts payable balance and lower cost of goods sold being reported under the new accounting guidance.  The net impact of the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard to the cash conversion cycle for the three months ended September 30, 2018 is approximately a four day increase.  

We expect that cash flow from operations will be used, at least partially, to fund working capital as we typically pay our partners on average terms that are shorter than the average terms we grant to our clients in order to take advantage of supplier discounts.  We intend to use cash generated in the remainder of 2018 in excess of working capital needs to pay down our debt balances, to repurchase shares of our common stock and to support our capital expenditures for the year.  We also may use cash to fund potential acquisitions to add select capabilities within our current geographic operating segments.

Net cash used in investing activities.  Capital expenditures were $13.0 million and $15.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  We expect capital expenditures for the full year 2018 to be between $18.0 million and $20.0 million, primarily for technology-related upgrade projects.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we acquired Cardinal in North America for approximately $79.0 million, net of cash acquired, and including working capital and tax gross up adjustments currently estimated to be $3.9 million.  

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had net combined repayments under our revolving facility and our ABS facility that decreased our outstanding long-term debt balance by $41.3 million, including scheduled amortization payments under our TLA.  We also had net repayments under our inventory financing facility of $81.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we repurchased an aggregate of $22.1 million of our common stock under a previously announced repurchase program.  Comparatively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had net combined borrowings on our long-term debt under our revolving facility and our ABS facility that increased our outstanding debt balance by $504.9 million, including the expansion of our revolving facility by $175.0 million in the form of an incremental TLA to fund, in part, the acquisition of Datalink, and had net borrowings under our inventory financing facility of $45.6 million.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock.  

Financing Facilities

Our consolidated debt balance that can be outstanding at the end of any fiscal quarter under our revolving facility, our TLA and our ABS facility is limited by certain financial covenants, particularly a maximum leverage ratio.  The maximum leverage ratio is calculated as aggregate debt outstanding divided by the sum of the Company’s trailing twelve month net earnings (loss) plus (i) interest expense, excluding non-cash imputed interest on our inventory financing facility, (ii) income tax expense (benefit), (iii) depreciation and amortization, (iv) non-cash stock-based compensation, (v) extraordinary or non-recurring non-cash losses or expenses and (vi) certain

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

cash restructuring and acquisition-related charges and synergies, not to exceed a specified cap (“adjusted earnings”).  The maximum leverage ratio permitted under the facilities is currently 3.25 times our trailing twelve-month adjusted earnings.  We anticipate that we will be in compliance with our maximum leverage ratio requirements over the next four quarters.  However, a significant drop in the Company’s adjusted earnings would limit the amount of indebtedness that could be outstanding at the end of any fiscal quarter to a level that would be below the Company’s consolidated maximum facility amount.  Based on the maximum permitted leverage ratio as of September 30, 2018, the Company’s debt balance that could have been outstanding under our revolving facility, TLA and ABS facility was the full amount of the maximum borrowing capacity of $756.4 million, of which $156.4 million was outstanding under our TLA, $111.0 million was outstanding under the ABS facility and no amount was outstanding under our revolving facility at September 30, 2018.  Additionally, the ABS facility was amended on June 27, 2018 to, among other things, renew the borrowing program for a three-year term expiring June 23, 2021.  While our ABS facility has a stated maximum amount, the actual availability under the ABS facility is limited by the quantity and quality of the underlying accounts receivable.  As of September 30, 2018, qualified receivables were sufficient to permit access to the full $250.0 million under the ABS facility.   

Our debt balance as of September 30, 2018 was $268.7 million, including our capital lease obligations for certain IT equipment and other financing obligations.  As of September 30, 2018, the current portion of our long-term debt includes $16.4 million in amortization payments due through June 30, 2019 under our TLA.  The remaining $1.0 million of current debt relates to our capital leases and our other financing obligations acquired from Datalink.  Our objective is to pay our debt balances down while retaining adequate cash balances to meet overall business objectives.

Our revolving facility, our TLA and our ABS facility contain various covenants customary for transactions of this type, including limitations on the payment of dividends and the requirement that we comply with maximum leverage and minimum fixed charge ratio requirements, comply with a minimum receivable requirement and meet monthly, quarterly and annual reporting requirements.  If we fail to comply with these covenants, the lenders would be able to demand payment within a specified time period.  At September 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all such covenants.  Further, the terms of the ABS facility identify various circumstances that would result in an “amortization event” under the facility.  At September 30, 2018, no such “amortization event” had occurred.

We also have an agreement with a financial intermediary to facilitate the purchase of inventory from various suppliers under certain terms and conditions.  These amounts are classified separately as accounts payable – inventory financing facility in our consolidated balance sheets.  Our inventory financing facility was amended on March 23, 2018 to increase the aggregate availability for vendor purchases under our inventory financing facility from $325.0 million to $400.0 million, of which $237.6 million was outstanding at September 30, 2018.  In conjunction with the increase in the aggregate availability under the facility, we no longer have the option to request additional increases in the aggregate amount available under the inventory financing facility without amending the facility.  The inventory financing facility matures on June 23, 2021 and may be renewed under certain circumstances described in the agreement for successive 12-month periods.  

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)

Undistributed Foreign Earnings

Cash and cash equivalents held by foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to U.S. income taxation upon repatriation to the United States.  As a result of the U.S. federal tax reform enacted in December 2017, all undistributed foreign earnings are deemed distributed.  As of September 30, 2018, we had approximately $93.8 million in cash and cash equivalents in certain of our foreign subsidiaries.  As of September 30, 2018, the majority of our foreign cash resides in the Netherlands, Canada and Australia.  Certain of these cash balances will be remitted to the United States by paying down intercompany payables generated in the ordinary course of business or through actual dividend distributions.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have entered into off-balance sheet arrangements, which include indemnifications.  The indemnifications are discussed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report and such discussion is incorporated by reference herein.  We believe that none of our off-balance sheet arrangements have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The information contained in Notes 1 and 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report concerning a description of recently issued accounting standards which affect or may affect our financial statements, including our expected dates of adoption and the estimated effects on our results of operations and financial condition, is incorporated by reference herein.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes in our reported contractual obligations, as described under “Contractual Obligations” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have been no material changes in our reported market risks, as described in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) and determined that as of September 30, 2018 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During our most recent fiscal quarter, management identified and remediated control deficiencies related to the ineffective design of certain process level controls addressing the completeness and accuracy of the financial statement presentation of certain software revenue transactions in accordance with ASC Topic 606.  These control deficiencies resulted from ineffective risk assessment and communication of certain criteria applicable to the presentation of software revenue and costs of goods sold.  These control deficiencies created a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, and accordingly management assessed these controls deficiencies as a material weakness.  

These control deficiencies caused immaterial misstatements affecting net sales and cost of goods sold reported in previously issued unaudited consolidated financial statements in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 which are described in note 3 to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements in this Form 10-Q and have been corrected in the cumulative nine months ended September 30, 2018.

During the reporting period ended September 30, 2018, management remediated the material weakness by implementing and communicating revised processes and controls used to evaluate the financial statement presentation of these software revenue transactions. The Company will continue to monitor these new controls in 2018.

Except for the foregoing, there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) in the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

Part II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.   Legal Proceedings.

For a discussion of legal proceedings, see “– Legal Proceedings” in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report, which section is incorporated by reference herein.   

Item 1A.  Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results.  The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing the Company.  Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.  

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

We have never paid a cash dividend on our common stock, and we currently do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.  Our revolving facility, our ABS facility, our TLA and our inventory financing facility contain restrictions on the payment of cash dividends.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period	(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased		(b) Average Price Paid per Share		(c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		(d) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1, 2018 through July 31, 2018		—	$	—		—	$	27,931,000
August 1, 2018 through August 31, 2018		—		—		—		27,931,000
September 1, 2018 through    September 30, 2018		—		—		—		27,931,000
Total		—	$	—		—

On February 14, 2018, we announced that our Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $50 million of our common stock.  We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during the quarter ended September 30, 2018, as reflected in the table above.  There is no stated expiration date for our current share repurchase plan.  Any share repurchases may be made on the open market, through block trades, through 10b5-1 plans or otherwise.  The amount of shares purchased and the timing of the purchases will be based on market conditions, working capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors.  We intend to retire the repurchased shares.    

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Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5.  Other Information.

Not applicable.

Item 6.  Exhibits.

		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	File No.	Exhibit Number	Filing Date	Filed Herewith
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Insight Enterprises, Inc.	10-K	000-25092	3.1	February 17, 2006
3.2	Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Insight Enterprises, Inc.	8-K	000-25092	3.1	May 21, 2015
3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Insight Enterprises, Inc.	8-K	000-25092	3.2	May 21, 2015
4.1	Specimen Common Stock Certificate (P)	S-1	33-86142	4.1	January 20, 1995
10.1	Employment Agreement between Insight Enterprises, Inc. and Rachael A. Bertrandt, dated as of September 30, 2018					X
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14					X
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14					X
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002					X
101	Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T					X

(P) Paper exhibit.

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INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date:	November 7, 2018	INSIGHT ENTERPRISES, INC.
		By:	/s/ Kenneth T. Lamneck
			Kenneth T. Lamneck
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Duly Authorized Officer)

By:	/s/ Glynis A. Bryan
	Glynis A. Bryan
	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

By:	/s/ Rachael A. Bertrandt
	Rachael A. Bertrandt
	Global Corporate Controller
	(Principal Accounting Officer)

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