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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2003
Commission File Number 1-14667
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Washington | 91-1653725 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |
1201 Third Avenue, Seattle, Washington | 98101 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(206) 461-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [X] No [ ]
The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of October 31, 2003:
Common Stock – 899,338,464(1)
(1)Includes 6 million shares held in escrow.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2003
Page | ||||||
PART I Financial Information | 1 | |||||
Item 1. Financial Statements | ||||||
1 | ||||||
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition – | 2 | |||||
3 | ||||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – | 4 | |||||
6 | ||||||
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19 | |||||
19 | ||||||
19 | ||||||
20 | ||||||
21 | ||||||
23 | ||||||
35 | ||||||
38 | ||||||
42 | ||||||
43 | ||||||
46 | ||||||
48 | ||||||
48 | ||||||
52 | ||||||
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 48 | |||||
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 19 | |||||
PART II Other Information | 59 | |||||
59 | ||||||
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K | 59 |
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | (Restated) 2002 | 2003 | (Restated) 2002 | |||||||||||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest Income | ||||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | $ | 619 | $ | 388 | $ | 1,834 | $ | 1,192 | ||||||||
Loans held in portfolio | 1,997 | 2,287 | 6,152 | 7,033 | ||||||||||||
Available-for-sale securities | 402 | 652 | 1,388 | 2,411 | ||||||||||||
Other interest and dividend income | 65 | 86 | 218 | 245 | ||||||||||||
Total interest income | 3,083 | 3,413 | 9,592 | 10,881 | ||||||||||||
Interest Expense | ||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 538 | 679 | 1,674 | 1,996 | ||||||||||||
Borrowings | 591 | 815 | 1,923 | 2,470 | ||||||||||||
Total interest expense | 1,129 | 1,494 | 3,597 | 4,466 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | 1,954 | 1,919 | 5,995 | 6,415 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 113 | 135 | 356 | 470 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses | 1,841 | 1,784 | 5,639 | 5,945 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest Income | ||||||||||||||||
Home loan mortgage banking income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||
Loan servicing fees | 542 | 508 | 1,748 | 1,609 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights | (665 | ) | (713 | ) | (2,665 | ) | (1,696 | ) | ||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights recovery (impairment) | 368 | (1,849 | ) | 96 | (2,911 | ) | ||||||||||
Revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives | (172 | ) | 1,694 | 643 | 2,535 | |||||||||||
Net settlement income from certain interest-rate swaps | 130 | 116 | 354 | 224 | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from mortgage loans | (271 | ) | 418 | 939 | 889 | |||||||||||
Other home loan mortgage banking income, net | 292 | 105 | 538 | 260 | ||||||||||||
Total home loan mortgage banking income | 224 | 279 | 1,653 | 910 | ||||||||||||
Depositor and other retail banking fees | 471 | 426 | 1,346 | 1,185 | ||||||||||||
Securities fees and commissions | 103 | 92 | 291 | 272 | ||||||||||||
Insurance income | 50 | 46 | 155 | 132 | ||||||||||||
Portfolio loan related income | 116 | 85 | 344 | 226 | ||||||||||||
Gain from other available-for-sale securities | 557 | 356 | 689 | 195 | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of securities sold under agreements to | 7 | 98 | (129 | ) | 293 | |||||||||||
Other income | 120 | (4 | ) | 325 | 175 | |||||||||||
Total noninterest income | 1,648 | 1,378 | 4,674 | 3,388 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense | ||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits | 860 | 719 | 2,497 | 2,141 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy and equipment | 356 | 289 | 1,035 | 859 | ||||||||||||
Telecommunications and outsourced information services | 153 | 136 | 440 | 409 | ||||||||||||
Depositor and other retail banking losses | 50 | 55 | 151 | 153 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of other intangible assets | 15 | 17 | 46 | 50 | ||||||||||||
Advertising and promotion | 55 | 75 | 201 | 188 | ||||||||||||
Professional fees | 71 | 55 | 195 | 161 | ||||||||||||
Other expense | 304 | 270 | 925 | 763 | ||||||||||||
Total noninterest expense | 1,864 | 1,616 | 5,490 | 4,724 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 1,625 | 1,546 | 4,823 | 4,609 | ||||||||||||
Income taxes | 602 | 567 | 1,786 | 1,690 | ||||||||||||
Net Income | $ | 1,023 | $ | 979 | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,919 | ||||||||
Net Income Attributable to Common Stock | $ | 1,023 | $ | 978 | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,914 | ||||||||
Net income per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 3.34 | $ | 3.07 | ||||||||
Diluted | 1.11 | 1.02 | 3.27 | 3.01 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared per common share | 0.40 | 0.27 | 0.99 | 0.78 | ||||||||||||
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 899,579 | 947,293 | 910,449 | 949,868 | ||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 918,372 | 963,422 | 927,470 | 966,938 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2003 | (Restated) December 31, 2002 | |||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 5,811 | $ | 7,208 | ||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | 12 | 2,015 | ||||||
Available-for-sale securities, total amortized cost of $36,916 and $42,592: | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities (including assets pledged of $7,439 and $6,570) | 14,352 | 28,375 | ||||||
Investment securities (including assets pledged of $13,006 and $10,679) | 22,831 | 15,597 | ||||||
37,183 | 43,972 | |||||||
Loans held for sale | 31,339 | 33,996 | ||||||
Loans held in portfolio | 164,499 | 147,528 | ||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses | (1,699 | ) | (1,653 | ) | ||||
Total loans held in portfolio, net of allowance for loan and lease losses | 162,800 | 145,875 | ||||||
Investment in Federal Home Loan Banks | 3,429 | 3,703 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing rights | 5,870 | 5,341 | ||||||
Goodwill | 6,253 | 6,270 | ||||||
Other assets | 33,934 | 19,845 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 286,631 | $ | 268,225 | ||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Deposits: | ||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits | $ | 39,197 | $ | 37,515 | ||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 124,944 | 118,001 | ||||||
Total deposits | 164,141 | 155,516 | ||||||
Federal funds purchased and commercial paper | 4,140 | 1,247 | ||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 20,468 | 16,717 | ||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks | 43,743 | 51,265 | ||||||
Other borrowings | 14,424 | 15,264 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 19,274 | 8,155 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 266,190 | 248,164 | ||||||
Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Common stock, no par value: 1,600,000,000 shares authorized, 913,854,221 and 944,046,787 shares issued and outstanding | - | - | ||||||
Capital surplus – common stock | 4,796 | 5,961 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | (419 | ) | 175 | |||||
Retained earnings | 16,064 | 13,925 | ||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 20,441 | 20,061 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 286,631 | $ | 268,225 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
Number of Shares | Capital Surplus- Common Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Retained Earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2001 (previously reported) | 873.1 | $ | 3,178 | $ | (243 | ) | $ | 11,128 | $ | 14,063 | |||||||||
Restatement adjustment (see Note 2) | - | - | - | (38 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2001 (as restated) | 873.1 | 3,178 | (243 | ) | 11,090 | 14,025 | |||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (restated) | - | - | - | 2,919 | 2,919 | ||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain from securities arising during the period, net of reclassification adjustments | - | - | 1,528 | - | 1,528 | ||||||||||||||
Net unrealized loss on cash flow hedging instruments | - | - | (682 | ) | - | (682 | ) | ||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | - | - | (2 | ) | - | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 3,763 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock | - | - | - | (756 | ) | (756 | ) | ||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock | - | - | - | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased and retired | (27.1 | ) | (942 | ) | - | - | (942 | ) | |||||||||||
Common stock issued for acquisitions | 96.4 | 3,672 | - | - | 3,672 | ||||||||||||||
Fair value of Dime stock options | - | 90 | - | - | 90 | ||||||||||||||
Common stock issued to redeem preferred stock | 4.3 | 102 | - | - | 102 | ||||||||||||||
Common stock issued | 7.1 | 183 | - | - | 183 | ||||||||||||||
BALANCE, September 30, 2002 (restated) | 953.8 | $ | 6,283 | $ | 601 | $ | 13,248 | $ | 20,132 | ||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2002 (previously reported) | 944.0 | $ | 5,961 | $ | 175 | $ | 13,998 | $ | 20,134 | ||||||||||
Restatement adjustment (see Note 2) | - | - | - | (73 | ) | (73 | ) | ||||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2002 (as restated) | 944.0 | 5,961 | 175 | 13,925 | 20,061 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | 3,037 | 3,037 | ||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized loss from securities arising during the period, net of reclassification adjustments | - | - | (707 | ) | - | (707 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on cash flow hedging instruments | - | - | 117 | - | 117 | ||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | - | - | (4 | ) | - | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 2,443 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock | - | - | - | (898 | ) | (898 | ) | ||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased and retired | (39.0 | ) | (1,430 | ) | - | - | (1,430 | ) | |||||||||||
Common stock issued | 8.9 | 265 | - | - | 265 | ||||||||||||||
BALANCE, September 30, 2003 | 913.9 | $ | 4,796 | $ | (419 | ) | $ | 16,064 | $ | 20,441 | |||||||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2003 | (Restated) 2002 | |||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,919 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used) provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 356 | 470 | ||||||
Gain from mortgage loans | (939 | ) | (889 | ) | ||||
Gain from securities | (949 | ) | (214 | ) | ||||
Revaluation gain from derivatives | (643 | ) | (2,535 | ) | ||||
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 129 | (293 | ) | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 2,945 | 2,146 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing rights (recovery) impairment | (96 | ) | 2,911 | |||||
Stock dividends from Federal Home Loan Banks | (101 | ) | (153 | ) | ||||
Origination and purchases of loans held for sale, net of principal payments | (273,657 | ) | (139,197 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | 270,838 | 142,211 | ||||||
Increase in other assets | (3,130 | ) | (1,533 | ) | ||||
Increase in other liabilities | 709 | 1,835 | ||||||
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities | (1,501 | ) | 7,678 | |||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities | ||||||||
Purchases of securities | (22,433 | ) | (45,940 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of mortgage-backed securities | 8,907 | 6,257 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of other available-for-sale securities | 14,724 | 53,698 | ||||||
Principal payments on securities | 7,816 | 6,763 | ||||||
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | (279 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 663 | 668 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of mortgage servicing rights | 406 | 822 | ||||||
Origination and purchases of loans held in portfolio | (82,309 | ) | (57,959 | ) | ||||
Principal payments on loans held in portfolio | 66,275 | 49,936 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets | 377 | 252 | ||||||
Net decrease in federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | 2,003 | 68 | ||||||
Net cash used for acquisitions | - | (2,215 | ) | |||||
Purchases of premises and equipment, net | (749 | ) | (672 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities | $ | (4,599 | ) | $ | 11,674 |
(The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are continued on the next page.)
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(Continued from the previous page.)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2003 | (Restated) 2002 | |||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | ||||||||
Increase in deposits | $ | 8,625 | $ | 18,255 | ||||
Increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | 8,396 | (13,198 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 9,051 | 30,293 | ||||||
Repayments of long-term borrowings | (11,759 | ) | (38,343 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from advances from Federal Home Loan Banks | 62,118 | 24,901 | ||||||
Repayments of advances from Federal Home Loan Banks | (69,622 | ) | (38,159 | ) | ||||
Cash dividends paid on preferred and common stock | (898 | ) | (761 | ) | ||||
Repurchase of common stock | (1,430 | ) | (942 | ) | ||||
Other | 222 | 161 | ||||||
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities | 4,703 | (17,793 | ) | |||||
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (1,397 | ) | 1,559 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 7,208 | 3,563 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 5,811 | $ | 5,122 | ||||
Noncash Activities | ||||||||
Loans exchanged for mortgage-backed securities | $ | 2,179 | $ | 5,297 | ||||
Real estate acquired through foreclosure | 359 | 337 | ||||||
Cash Paid During the Period for | ||||||||
Interest on deposits | $ | 1,642 | $ | 1,980 | ||||
Interest on borrowings | 1,985 | 2,445 | ||||||
Income taxes | 2,701 | 2,416 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Note 1: Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and include the accounts of Washington Mutual, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries “Washington Mutual” or the “Company”). Washington Mutual’s accounting and financial reporting policies are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The information furnished in these interim statements reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for such periods. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in this Form 10-Q. The results of operations in the interim statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with Washington Mutual, Inc.’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classifications.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In May 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“Statement” or “SFAS”) No. 150,Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity. Statement No. 150 establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. This Statement, which was effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and for all financial instruments on July 1, 2003, did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In April 2003, the FASB issued Statement No. 149,Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Statement No. 149 provides clarification on the definition of derivative instruments within the scope of FASB Statement No. 133. Generally, this Statement is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003 and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003, and did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 (“FIN 46”),Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. This Interpretation provides guidance on how to identify a variable interest entity and determine when the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of operations of a variable interest entity should be consolidated by the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the enterprise that will absorb a majority of the variable interest entity’s expected losses or receive a majority of the expected residual returns as a result of holding variable interests. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 46 for variable interest entities formed on or after February 1, 2003, which did not have a material effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 46 for existing variable interest entities on July 1, 2003, which also did not have a material effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of September 30, 2003, the Company had variable interests in securitization trusts, which are discussed in the 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – “Mortgage Banking Activities.” These trusts are qualifying special-purpose entities and thus are not subject to the consolidation requirements of FIN 46. The Company reports its rights and obligations related to these qualifying special-purpose entities according to the requirements of Statement No. 140,Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. The Company has not identified any unconsolidated investments in variable interest entities that are not qualifying special-purpose entities as of September 30, 2003.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
In December 2002, the FASB issued Statement No. 148,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - -Transition and Disclosure, which amends Statement No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. This Statement provides alternative methods of transitioning, on a voluntary basis, from the intrinsic value method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, to the fair value method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. Effective January 1, 2003 and in accordance with the transitional guidance of Statement No. 148, the Company elected to prospectively apply the fair value method of accounting for stock-based awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2002. Stock-based awards granted prior to January 1, 2003, and not modified after December 31, 2002, will continue to be accounted for under APB Opinion No. 25.
Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock-based compensation plans been determined using the fair value method consistent with Statement No. 123 for all periods presented, the Company’s net income attributable to common stock and net income per common share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock | $ | 1,023 | $ | 978 | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,914 | ||||||||
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects | 10 | 4 | 43 | 18 | ||||||||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects | (28 | ) | (20 | ) | (97 | ) | (59 | ) | ||||||||
Pro forma net income attributable to common stock | $ | 1,005 | $ | 962 | $ | 2,983 | $ | 2,873 | ||||||||
Net income per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic: | ||||||||||||||||
As reported | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 3.34 | $ | 3.07 | ||||||||
Pro forma | 1.12 | 1.02 | 3.28 | 3.02 | ||||||||||||
Diluted: | ||||||||||||||||
As reported | 1.11 | 1.02 | 3.27 | 3.01 | ||||||||||||
Pro forma | 1.09 | 1.00 | 3.22 | 2.97 |
In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45 (“FIN 45”),Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, which expands on the accounting guidance of Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and incorporates without change the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 34, which is being superseded. This Interpretation requires a guarantor to recognize, at the inception of the guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The recognition requirements of FIN 45 apply prospectively to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. Refer to Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements - “Guarantees” for discussion on significant guarantees that have been entered into by the Company.
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Note 2: Restatement of Financial Statements
After announcing its earnings for the third quarter, the Company concluded that the inclusion of certain components (i.e., deferred acquisition costs and claims stabilization reserves) in the cash surrender value of its bank-owned life insurance policies was incorrect. The accounting policy the Company previously used resulted in the overstatement of the cash surrender value of the policies and, accordingly, other noninterest income. This restatement also resulted in a $73 million decrease to other assets and a corresponding $73 million decrease to retained earnings as of December 31, 2002. The restatement only affects periods commencing with the second quarter of 2000 when the policies were first acquired. The Company has corrected its accounting for all affected prior reporting periods. The tables below show the impact of the restatements to net income and basic and diluted earnings per share for those periods:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
June 30, 2003 | Mar. 31, 2003 | |||||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Net income: | ||||||||
Net income as previously reported | $ | 1,020 | $ | 1,003 | ||||
Restatement adjustment | (3 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||
Net income as restated | $ | 1,017 | $ | 997 | ||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 1.12 | 1.09 | ||||||
Restatement adjustment | - | (0.01 | ) | |||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 1.12 | 1.08 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 1.10 | 1.07 | ||||||
Restatement adjustment | (0.01 | ) | - | |||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 1.09 | 1.07 |
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Sept. 30, 2002 | June 30, 2002 | Mar. 31, 2002 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||
Net income: | ||||||||||||
Net income as previously reported | $ | 981 | $ | 990 | $ | 956 | ||||||
Restatement adjustment | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||
Net income as restated | $ | 979 | $ | 988 | $ | 952 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.01 | |||||||||
Restatement adjustment | (0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | ||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.00 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 1.02 | 1.01 | 0.99 | |||||||||
Restatement adjustment | - | - | - | |||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 1.02 | 1.01 | 0.99 |
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Nine Months September 30, | ||||
2002 | ||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||
Net income: | ||||
Net income as previously reported | $ | 2,927 | ||
Restatement adjustment | (8 | ) | ||
Net income as restated | $ | 2,919 | ||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 3.08 | |||
Restatement adjustment | (0.01 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 3.07 | |||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 3.02 | |||
Restatement adjustment | (0.01 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 3.01 |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2002 | 2001 | 2000 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||
Net income: | ||||||||||||
Net income as previously reported | $ | 3,896 | $ | 3,114 | $ | 1,899 | ||||||
Restatement adjustment | (35 | ) | (10 | ) | (28 | ) | ||||||
Net income as restated | $ | 3,861 | $ | 3,104 | $ | 1,871 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 4.12 | 3.65 | 2.37 | |||||||||
Restatement adjustment | (0.03 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.04 | ) | ||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 4.09 | 3.64 | 2.33 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as previously reported | 4.05 | 3.59 | 2.36 | |||||||||
Restatement adjustment | (0.03 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.04 | ) | ||||||
Net income attributable to common stock as restated | 4.02 | 3.58 | 2.32 |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Note 3: Earnings Per Share
Information used to calculate earnings per share (“EPS”) was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||
Net income | ||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,023 | $ | 979 | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,919 | ||||||
Accumulated dividends on preferred stock | - | (1 | ) | - | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock | $ | 1,023 | $ | 978 | $ | 3,037 | $ | 2,914 | ||||||
Weighted average shares (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 899,579 | 947,293 | 910,449 | 949,868 | ||||||||||
Dilutive effect of potential common shares from: | ||||||||||||||
Stock options | 9,774 | 8,460 | 8,860 | 8,991 | ||||||||||
Premium Income Equity SecuritiesSM(1) | - | 775 | - | 1,269 | ||||||||||
Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable SecuritiesSM | 9,019 | 6,894 | 8,161 | 6,810 | ||||||||||
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 918,372 | 963,422 | 927,470 | 966,938 | ||||||||||
Net income per common share | ||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 3.34 | $ | 3.07 | ||||||
Diluted | 1.11 | 1.02 | 3.27 | 3.01 |
(1) | Redeemed on August 16, 2002. |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, options to purchase an additional 54,700 and 1,891,409 shares of common stock were outstanding, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, options to purchase an additional 464,025 shares of common stock were outstanding, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect.
Additionally, as part of the 1996 business combination with Keystone Holdings, Inc. (the parent of American Savings Bank, F.A.), 18 million shares of common stock, with an assigned value of $18.4944 per share, were, as of January 1, 2003, held in escrow for the benefit of the investors in Keystone Holdings, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) as manager of the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation Resolution Fund and their transferees. Under the terms of the original agreement, the conditions under which these shares could be released from escrow to the Keystone Holdings’ investors and the FDIC were related to the outcome of certain litigation and were not based on future earnings or market prices. The escrow would have by its terms automatically expired on December 20, 2002, absent the occurrence of certain circumstances that would extend it. The Company disagreed with the Keystone Holdings’ investors and the FDIC as to whether these circumstances had occurred.
Pursuant to an amended tolling agreement, the parties agreed to return to the Company 225,000 shares per month through September 30, 2003, while they attempted to resolve their disagreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, 1,800,000 of these shares were returned to the Company. An additional 225,000
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
shares were received by the Company in October 2003. At September 30, 2003, the Company continued to assert that the conditions for releasing the remaining shares to the Keystone Holdings’ investors and the FDIC had not occurred, and thus the remaining shares were still in the escrow. Therefore, none of the shares in the escrow during the periods indicated above were included in the above computations.
Subsequent to September 30, 2003, the parties settled their disagreement. The FDIC agreed to sell its interest in the escrow to Escrow Partners, L.P., a partnership owned by investors in Keystone Holdings. The Company, Keystone Holdings and Escrow Partners then agreed that 9,975,000 shares would be returned immediately to the Company, together with the related accumulated dividends and interest on these shares. Six million shares will remain in the escrow, together with the accumulated dividends and interest thereon, under substantially the same terms as set forth in the original agreement, except that the expiration date has been extended to December 20, 2008, subject to certain limited extensions. As of the date hereof, the escrow agent is in the process of returning the 9,975,000 shares to the Company, together with related accumulated dividends and interest. The Company expects that the accumulated dividends and interest thereon will be approximately $60 million. Substantially all of this amount will consist of accumulated dividends and thus will be credited to retained earnings.
Note 4: Mortgage Banking Activities
Changes in the portfolio of loans serviced for others were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 583,823 | $ | 477,309 | $ | 604,504 | $ | 382,500 | ||||||||
Home loans: | ||||||||||||||||
Additions through acquisitions | - | - | - | 49,242 | ||||||||||||
Other additions | 105,883 | 52,910 | 291,391 | 162,067 | ||||||||||||
Sales | - | - | (2,960 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Loan payments and other | (111,834 | ) | (51,957 | ) | (315,257 | ) | (115,576 | ) | ||||||||
Net change in commercial real estate loans serviced for others | (50 | ) | 13 | 144 | 42 | |||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 577,822 | $ | 478,275 | $ | 577,822 | $ | 478,275 | ||||||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Changes in the balance of mortgage servicing rights (“MSR”), net of the valuation allowance, were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 4,598 | $ | 6,489 | $ | 5,341 | $ | 6,241 | ||||||||
Home loans: | ||||||||||||||||
Additions through acquisitions | - | - | - | 926 | ||||||||||||
Other additions | 1,587 | 732 | 3,502 | 2,810 | ||||||||||||
Amortization | (665 | ) | (713 | ) | (2,665 | ) | (1,696 | ) | ||||||||
Recovery (impairment provision) | 368 | (1,849 | ) | 96 | (2,911 | ) | ||||||||||
Sales | (18 | ) | (111 | ) | (406 | ) | (822 | ) | ||||||||
Net change in commercial real estate MSR | - | - | 2 | - | ||||||||||||
Balance, end of period(1) | $ | 5,870 | $ | 4,548 | $ | 5,870 | $ | 4,548 | ||||||||
(1) | At September 30, 2003 and 2002, the aggregate mortgage servicing rights fair value was $5.90 billion and $4.57 billion. |
Changes in the valuation allowance for MSR were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 3,444 | $ | 2,568 | $ | 4,521 | $ | 1,714 | ||||||||
(Recovery) impairment provision | (368 | ) | 1,849 | (96 | ) | 2,911 | ||||||||||
Other than temporary impairment | - | - | (1,115 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Sales | (1 | ) | (97 | ) | (235 | ) | (305 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 3,075 | $ | 4,320 | $ | 3,075 | $ | 4,320 | ||||||||
At September 30, 2003, the expected weighted average life of the Company’s MSR was 3.5 years. Projected amortization expense for the gross carrying value of MSR at September 30, 2003 is estimated to be as follows (in millions):
Remainder of 2003 | $ | 705 | ||
2004 | 2,168 | |||
2005 | 1,419 | |||
2006 | 1,012 | |||
2007 | 760 | |||
2008 | 586 | |||
After 2008 | 2,295 | |||
Gross carrying value of MSR | 8,945 | |||
Less: valuation allowance | (3,075 | ) | ||
Net carrying value of MSR | $ | 5,870 | ||
The projected amortization expense of MSR is an estimate and should be used with caution. The amortization expense for future periods was calculated by applying the same quantitative factors, such as
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
prepayment assumptions, that were used to determine amortization expense for the third quarter of 2003. These factors are inherently subject to significant fluctuations, primarily due to the effect that changes in mortgage rates have on loan prepayment experience. Accordingly, any projection of MSR amortization in future periods is limited by the conditions that existed at the time the calculations were performed, and may not be indicative of actual amortization expense that will be recorded in future periods.
Note 5: Guarantees
In the ordinary course of business, the Company sells loans with recourse. For loans that have been sold with recourse, the recourse component is considered a guarantee. When the Company sells a loan with recourse, it commits to stand ready to perform, if the loan defaults, and to make payments to remedy the default. As of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, loans sold with recourse totaled $3.55 billion and $4.26 billion. The Company’s recourse reserve related to these loans totaled $23 million and $11 million at September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
The Company sells loans without recourse that may have to be subsequently repurchased if a defect that occurred during the loan’s origination process results in a violation of a representation or warranty made in connection with the sale of the loan. When a loan sold to an investor without recourse fails to perform according to its contractual terms, the investor will typically review the loan file to determine whether defects in the origination process occurred and if such defects give rise to a violation of a representation or warranty made to the investor in connection with the sale. If such a defect is identified, the Company may be required to either repurchase the loan or indemnify the investor for losses sustained. If there are no such defects, the Company has no commitment to repurchase the loan. As of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the amount of loans sold without recourse totaled $574.27 billion and $600.25 billion, which substantially represents the unpaid principal balance of the Company’s loans serviced for others portfolio. The Company has reserved $107 million as of September 30, 2003 and $74 million as of December 31, 2002 to cover the estimated loss exposure related to the loan origination process defects that are inherent within this portfolio.
Note 6: Operating Segments
The Company has identified three major operating segments for the purpose of management reporting: Banking and Financial Services; Home Loans and Insurance Services; and Specialty Finance. Unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. The management reporting process measures the performance of the operating segments based on the management structure of the Company and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. The Company’s operating segments are defined by the products and services they offer.
The Company uses various methodologies to assign certain balance sheet and income statement items to the responsible operating segment. Methodologies that are applied to the measurement of segment profitability include: (1) a funds transfer pricing system, which matches assets and liabilities with the market benchmark (approximation) of the Company’s cost of funds based on interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics and determines how much each interest margin source contributes to the Company’s total net interest income; (2) a calculation of the provision for loan and lease losses based on management’s current assessment of the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio for loan products within each segment, which differs from the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology that is used to measure the allowance for loan and lease losses under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. This methodology is used to provide segment management with provision information for strategic decision making; (3) the utilization of an activity-based costing approach to measure allocations of certain operating expenses that were not directly charged to the segments; (4) the allocation of goodwill and other intangible assets to the operating segments
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
based on benefits received from each acquisition; (5) capital charges for goodwill as a component of an internal measurement of return on the goodwill allocated to the operating segment; and (6) an economic capital model which is the framework for assessing business performance on a risk-adjusted basis. Changing economic conditions, further research and new data may lead to the update of the capital allocation assumptions.
The Company continues to enhance its segment reporting process methodologies. Changes to the operating segment structure and the funds transfer pricing methodology were made during the first quarter of 2003. Additionally, effective January 1, 2003, the primary management responsibilities for the Company’s originated home loan mortgage-backed securities portfolio were transferred from the Home Loans and Insurance Services Group to the Company’s Treasury operations. Accordingly, the earnings performance and financial condition of this portfolio are now included within the Corporate Support/Treasury and Other category. Results for the prior periods have been restated to conform to all of these changes.
The Banking and Financial Services Group offers a comprehensive line of financial products and services to a broad spectrum of consumers and small- to mid-sized businesses. The Group offers various deposit products including the Group’s signature Free Checking accounts as well as other personal and business checking accounts, savings accounts, money market deposit accounts and time deposit accounts. It also offers consumer loans as well as small business and commercial loans to small- and mid-sized businesses. The Group’s services are offered through multiple delivery channels, including financial center stores, business banking centers, ATMs, the internet and 24-hour telephone banking centers.
The principal activities of the Home Loans and Insurance Services Group include: originating and servicing the Company’s home loans, buying and selling home loans in the secondary market and managing the home loan portfolio. Home loans are either originated or purchased, and are either held in portfolio or held for sale and subsequently sold into the secondary market. The Group offers home loans through multiple distribution channels, which include retail home loan centers, financial center stores, correspondent channels, wholesale home loan centers and directly to consumers through call centers and the internet. The Home Loans Group also includes the Company’s community reinvestment functions and the activities of Washington Mutual Insurance Services, Inc., WaMu Capital Corp. and Washington Mutual Mortgage Securities Corp.
The Specialty Finance Group provides financing to developers, investors, mortgage bankers and homebuilders for the acquisition, construction and development of apartment buildings (“multi-family” lending), other commercial real estate and homes. The Group also services commercial real estate mortgages as part of its commercial asset management business and conducts a consumer finance business through Washington Mutual Finance Corporation.
The Corporate Support/Treasury and Other category includes management of the Company’s interest rate risk, liquidity, capital, borrowings, and investment securities and home loan mortgage-backed securities portfolios. To the extent not allocated to the business segments, this category also includes the costs of the Company’s technology services, facilities, legal, accounting and human resources. Also reported in this category is the net impact of funds transfer pricing for loan and deposit balances including the effects of changes in interest rates on the Company’s net interest margin and the effects of inter-segment allocations of gains and losses related to interest rate risk management instruments. The funds transfer pricing methodology isolates the majority of interest rate risk and concentrates it in the Company’s Treasury operations. It captures historical interest rate sensitivity of the balance sheet, risk management decisions within approved limits and the temporary divergence of funds transfer pricing assumptions from the actual duration of assets and liabilities. Certain basis and other residual risk remains in the operating segments.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Financial highlights by operating segment were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) | $ | 922 | $ | 1,175 | $ | 365 | $ | (508 | ) | $ | - | $ | 1,954 | |||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 42 | 47 | 53 | 1 | (30 | )(1) | 113 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 665 | 229 | 158 | 596 | - | 1,648 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 989 | 832 | 111 | 147 | (215 | )(2) | 1,864 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 212 | 192 | 135 | (22 | ) | 85 | (3) | 602 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 344 | $ | 333 | $ | 224 | $ | (38 | ) | $ | 160 | $ | 1,023 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 54.80 | %(4) | 54.19 | %(4) | 16.65 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 51.76 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 28,374 | $ | 143,602 | $ | 31,793 | $ | 141 | $ | (377 | )(6) | $ | 203,533 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 37,296 | 185,274 | 35,501 | 32,521 | (377 | )(6) | 290,215 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 127,392 | 35,458 | 4,440 | 6,655 | n/a | 173,945 | ||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) | $ | 789 | $ | 820 | $ | 311 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | - | $ | 1,919 | |||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 42 | 45 | 60 | 9 | (21 | )(1) | 135 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 563 | 969 | 5 | (159 | ) | - | 1,378 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 920 | 678 | 97 | 134 | (213 | )(2) | 1,616 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 148 | 391 | 60 | (111 | ) | 79 | (3) | 567 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 242 | $ | 675 | $ | 99 | $ | (192 | ) | $ | 155 | $ | 979 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 59.27 | %(4) | 33.97 | %(4) | 23.49 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 49.02 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 21,463 | $ | 120,594 | $ | 30,318 | $ | (22 | ) | $ | (453 | )(6) | $ | 171,900 | ||||||||||
Average assets | 29,763 | 153,741 | 32,547 | 45,527 | (453 | )(6) | 261,125 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 116,579 | 12,717 | 2,938 | 3,239 | n/a | 135,473 |
(1) | Represents the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
(2) | Represents the corporate offset for goodwill cost of capital allocated to segments. |
(3) | Represents the tax effect of reconciling adjustments. |
(4) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(5) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(6) | Represents the impact to the allowance for loan and lease losses that results from the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) | $ | 2,678 | $ | 3,420 | $ | 1,048 | $ | (1,151 | ) | $ | - | $ | 5,995 | |||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 116 | 132 | 156 | 16 | (64 | )(1) | 356 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 1,872 | 2,109 | 187 | 506 | - | 4,674 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 2,857 | 2,507 | 330 | 433 | (637 | )(2) | 5,490 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 600 | 1,074 | 282 | (405 | ) | 235 | (3) | 1,786 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 977 | $ | 1,816 | $ | 467 | $ | (689 | ) | $ | 466 | $ | 3,037 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 54.98 | %(4) | 41.51 | %(4) | 21.11 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 51.46 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 25,873 | $ | 140,824 | $ | 31,113 | $ | 105 | $ | (383 | )(6) | $ | 197,532 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 34,584 | 178,128 | 34,796 | 37,907 | (383 | )(6) | 285,032 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 125,618 | 30,352 | 3,616 | 5,650 | n/a | 165,236 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 2,214 | $ | 2,417 | $ | 925 | $ | 859 | $ | - | $ | 6,415 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 117 | 136 | 188 | 26 | 3 | (1) | 470 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 1,615 | 1,963 | 48 | (238 | ) | - | 3,388 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 2,608 | 1,904 | 292 | 524 | (604 | )(2) | 4,724 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes | 418 | 879 | 186 | 26 | 181 | (3) | 1,690 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 686 | $ | 1,461 | $ | 307 | $ | 45 | $ | 420 | $ | 2,919 | ||||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 59.29 | %(4) | 38.88 | %(4) | 23.23 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 48.19 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 20,463 | $ | 121,599 | $ | 30,219 | $ | 30 | $ | (471 | )(6) | $ | 171,840 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 28,608 | 145,593 | 32,317 | 64,615 | (471 | )(6) | 270,662 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 110,772 | 11,481 | 2,780 | 5,000 | n/a | 130,033 |
(1) | Represents the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
(2) | Represents the corporate offset for goodwill cost of capital allocated to segments. |
(3) | Represents the tax effect of reconciling adjustments. |
(4) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(5) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(6) | Represents the impact to the allowance for loan and lease losses that results from the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Year Ended December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 3,018 | $ | 3,409 | $ | 1,262 | $ | 652 | $ | - | $ | 8,341 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 160 | 187 | 271 | 34 | (57 | )(1) | 595 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 2,222 | 2,522 | 114 | (103 | ) | - | 4,755 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 3,508 | 2,661 | 400 | 631 | (818 | )(2) | 6,382 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 602 | 1,143 | 265 | (43 | ) | 291 | (3) | 2,258 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 970 | $ | 1,940 | $ | 440 | $ | (73 | ) | $ | 584 | $ | 3,861 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 58.24 | %(4) | 40.28 | %(4) | 22.55 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 48.73 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 20,915 | $ | 124,566 | $ | 30,488 | $ | 32 | $ | (468 | )(6) | $ | 175,533 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 29,071 | 151,537 | 32,653 | 58,627 | (468 | )(6) | 271,420 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 113,250 | 13,730 | 2,836 | 4,885 | n/a | 134,701 | ||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 2,142 | $ | 1,635 | $ | 1,023 | $ | 2,076 | $ | - | $ | 6,876 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 146 | 189 | 298 | 32 | (90 | )(1) | 575 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 1,793 | 1,474 | 74 | (103 | ) | - | 3,238 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 2,512 | 1,456 | 294 | 613 | (258 | )(2) | 4,617 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes | 483 | 566 | 189 | 491 | 89 | (3) | 1,818 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 794 | $ | 898 | $ | 316 | $ | 837 | $ | 259 | $ | 3,104 | ||||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 61.89 | %(4) | 42.43 | %(4) | 22.73 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 45.65 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 13,123 | $ | 107,528 | $ | 27,684 | $ | 411 | $ | (432 | )(6) | $ | 148,314 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 17,931 | 121,603 | 29,261 | 57,178 | (432 | )(6) | 225,541 | |||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 82,384 | 7,860 | 2,613 | 3,665 | n/a | 96,522 |
(1) | Represents the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
(2) | Represents the corporate offset for goodwill cost of capital allocated to segments. |
(3) | Represents the tax effect of reconciling adjustments. |
(4) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(5) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(6) | Represents the impact to the allowance for loan and lease losses that results from the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (CONTINUED)
Year Ended December 31, 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banking and Financial Services | Home Loans and Services | Specialty Finance | Corporate Support/ Treasury and Other | Reconciling Adjustments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) | $ | 2,061 | $ | 1,645 | $ | 822 | $ | (217 | ) | $ | - | $ | 4,311 | |||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 65 | 101 | 148 | (1 | ) | (128 | )(1) | 185 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 1,403 | 548 | 42 | (37 | ) | - | 1,956 | |||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 2,010 | 679 | 215 | 361 | (139 | )(2) | 3,126 | |||||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 528 | 537 | 190 | (226 | ) | 56 | (3) | 1,085 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 861 | $ | 876 | $ | 311 | $ | (388 | ) | $ | 211 | $ | 1,871 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 56.80 | %(4) | 27.69 | %(4) | 21.94 | %(4) | n/a | n/a | 49.88 | %(5) | ||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 9,315 | $ | 86,044 | $ | 22,383 | $ | - | n/a | $ | 117,742 | |||||||||||||
Average assets | 12,441 | 109,130 | 22,839 | 43,147 | n/a | 187,557 | ||||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 78,074 | 1,213 | 191 | 798 | n/a | 80,276 |
(1) | Represents the difference between the long-term, normalized net charge-off ratio used to assess expected loan and lease losses for the operating segments and the “losses inherent in the loan portfolio” methodology used by the Company. |
(2) | Represents the corporate offset for goodwill cost of capital allocated to segments. |
(3) | Represents the tax effect of reconciling adjustments. |
(4) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(5) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
Note 7: Subsequent Event
At the end of September 2003, the Company announced a major realignment and the decision to place the mortgage and consumer banking businesses under one common management, and to place all commercial and specialty lending businesses under one common management. The Company is conducting a comprehensive review of all its businesses with a focus on realigning its operations and systems around these two customer groups – retail consumers and commercial clients.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the changes necessary to reflect this new structure for management reporting purposes. Those changes are expected to be reflected in the Company’s 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has restated its financial statements for all reporting periods beginning with the second quarter of 2000. The accompanying management’s discussion and analysis takes into account the effects of the restatement.
Our Form 10-Q and other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission contain forward-looking statements. In addition, our senior management may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They often include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” or “may.”
Forward-looking statements provide our expectations or predictions of future conditions, events or results. They are not guarantees of future performance. By their nature, forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statements were made. There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions, events or results to differ significantly from those described in the forward-looking statements. Some of these factors are:
· | General business and economic conditions may significantly affect our earnings; |
· | If we are unable to effectively manage the volatility of our mortgage banking business, our earnings could be adversely affected; |
· | Many of our interest rate and MSR risk management strategies depend on trading in mortgage-related financial instruments in the secondary market. If periods of illiquidity develop in these markets, our ability to effectively implement our risk management strategies could be adversely affected; |
· | If we are unable to effectively implement our business operations technology solutions, our earnings and financial condition could be adversely affected; |
· | If we are unable to fully realize the operational and systems efficiencies and revenue enhancements sought to be achieved from our recently announced business segment realignment, our earnings could be adversely affected; |
· | The financial services industry is highly competitive; and |
· | Changes in the regulation of financial services companies and government-sponsored enterprises could adversely affect our business. |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and
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procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
We intend to review and evaluate the design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures on an ongoing basis and to improve our controls and procedures over time and to correct any deficiencies that we may discover in the future. While we believe the present design of our disclosure controls and procedures is effective, future events affecting our business may cause us to modify our disclosure controls and procedures.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make a number of judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses in our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. We believe that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements are appropriate given the factual circumstances as of September 30, 2003.
Various elements of our accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. In particular, we have identified four accounting policies that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, and the sensitivity of our Consolidated Financial Statements to those judgments, estimates and assumptions, are critical to an understanding of our Consolidated Financial Statements. These policies relate to the valuation of our mortgage servicing rights (“MSR”) and rate lock commitments, the methodology that determines our allowance for loan and lease losses, and the assumptions used in the calculation of our net periodic pension expense.
Management has discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. In addition, there are other complex accounting standards that require the Company to employ significant judgment in interpreting and applying certain of the principles prescribed by those standards. These judgments include, but are not limited to, the determination of whether a financial instrument or other contract meets the definition of a derivative in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“Statement”) No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and the applicable hedge accounting criteria. These policies and the judgments, estimates and assumptions are described in greater detail in the Company’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis and in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”
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Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts and ratios) | ||||||||||||||||
Profitability | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 1,954 | $ | 1,919 | $ | 5,995 | $ | 6,415 | ||||||||
Net interest margin | 3.15 | % | 3.36 | % | 3.26 | % | 3.55 | % | ||||||||
Noninterest income | $ | 1,648 | $ | 1,378 | $ | 4,674 | $ | 3,388 | ||||||||
Noninterest expense | 1,864 | 1,616 | 5,490 | 4,724 | ||||||||||||
Net income | 1,023 | 979 | 3,037 | 2,919 | ||||||||||||
Net income per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 3.34 | $ | 3.07 | ||||||||
Diluted | 1.11 | 1.02 | 3.27 | 3.01 | ||||||||||||
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in thousands) | 899,579 | 947,293 | 910,449 | 949,868 | ||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in thousands) | 918,372 | 963,422 | 927,470 | 966,938 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.27 | $ | 0.99 | $ | 0.78 | ||||||||
Return on average assets | 1.41 | % | 1.50 | % | 1.42 | % | 1.44 | % | ||||||||
Return on average common equity | 19.82 | 18.79 | 19.50 | 19.88 | ||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio(1) | 51.76 | 49.02 | 51.46 | 48.19 | ||||||||||||
Asset Quality | ||||||||||||||||
Nonaccrual loans(2) | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,188 | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,188 | ||||||||
Foreclosed assets | 304 | 309 | 304 | 309 | ||||||||||||
Total nonperforming assets | 2,224 | 2,497 | 2,224 | 2,497 | ||||||||||||
Nonperforming assets/total assets | 0.78 | % | 0.95 | % | 0.78 | % | 0.95 | % | ||||||||
Restructured loans | $ | 118 | $ | 112 | $ | 118 | $ | 112 | ||||||||
Total nonperforming assets and restructured loans | 2,342 | 2,609 | 2,342 | 2,609 | ||||||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses | 1,699 | 1,705 | 1,699 | 1,705 | ||||||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of total loans held in portfolio | 1.03 | % | 1.15 | % | 1.03 | % | 1.15 | % | ||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | $ | 113 | $ | 135 | $ | 356 | $ | 470 | ||||||||
Net charge-offs | 111 | 88 | 324 | 303 | ||||||||||||
Capital Adequacy | ||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity/total assets | 7.13 | % | 7.67 | % | 7.13 | % | 7.67 | % | ||||||||
Tangible common equity(3)/total tangible assets(3) | 5.26 | 5.25 | 5.26 | 5.25 | ||||||||||||
Estimated total risk-based capital/risk-weighted assets(4) | 11.54 | 11.14 | 11.54 | 11.14 | ||||||||||||
Per Common Share Data | ||||||||||||||||
Book value per common share(5) | $ | 22.77 | $ | 21.51 | $ | 22.77 | $ | 21.51 | ||||||||
Market prices: | ||||||||||||||||
High | 42.75 | 38.50 | 43.90 | 39.45 | ||||||||||||
Low | 36.92 | 30.98 | 32.98 | 30.98 | ||||||||||||
Period end | 39.37 | 31.47 | 39.37 | 31.47 |
(1) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
(2) | Excludes nonaccrual loans held for sale. |
(3) | Excludes unrealized net gain/loss on available-for-sale securities and derivatives, goodwill and intangible assets, but includes MSR. |
(4) | Estimate of what the total risk-based capital ratio would be if Washington Mutual, Inc. was a bank holding company that complies with Federal Reserve Board capital requirements. |
(5) | Excludes 16,200,000 shares held in escrow at September 30, 2003, and 18,000,000 shares held in escrow at September 30, 2002. |
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Summary Financial Data (Continued)
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Supplemental Data | ||||||||||||
Average balance sheet: | ||||||||||||
Total loans held for sale | $ | 46,956 | $ | 25,740 | $ | 45,353 | $ | 25,059 | ||||
Total loans held in portfolio | 156,577 | 146,160 | 152,179 | 146,781 | ||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 249,641 | 229,364 | 245,813 | 240,253 | ||||||||
Total assets | 290,215 | 261,125 | 285,032 | 270,662 | ||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 124,488 | 111,408 | 121,221 | 106,989 | ||||||||
Total noninterest-bearing deposits | 49,457 | 24,065 | 44,015 | 23,044 | ||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 20,657 | 20,827 | 20,764 | 19,552 | ||||||||
Period-end balance sheet: | ||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | 31,339 | 29,508 | 31,339 | 29,508 | ||||||||
Loans held in portfolio, net of allowance for loan and lease losses | 162,800 | 146,157 | 162,800 | 146,157 | ||||||||
Total assets | 286,631 | 262,585 | 286,631 | 262,585 | ||||||||
Total deposits | 164,141 | 140,608 | 164,141 | 140,608 | ||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 20,441 | 20,132 | 20,441 | 20,132 | ||||||||
Loan volume: | ||||||||||||
Home loans: | ||||||||||||
Adjustable rate | 28,225 | 25,928 | 76,503 | 58,629 | ||||||||
Fixed rate | 81,694 | 38,323 | 229,854 | 108,553 | ||||||||
Specialty mortgage finance(1) | 5,460 | 3,187 | 14,647 | 9,388 | ||||||||
Total home loan volume | 115,379 | 67,438 | 321,004 | 176,570 | ||||||||
Total loan volume | 130,586 | 75,483 | 357,529 | 198,949 | ||||||||
Home loan refinancing(2) | 83,564 | 45,334 | 237,523 | 112,583 | ||||||||
Total refinancing(2) | 86,774 | 46,321 | 244,254 | 115,785 |
(1) | Represents purchased subprime loan portfolios and mortgages originated by Long Beach Mortgage. |
(2) | Includes loan refinancing entered into by both new and pre-existing loan customers. |
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Net Interest Income
Net interest income increased $35 million, or 2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2003, compared with the same period in 2002. This increase was due to higher levels of average interest-earning assets, with most of this growth occurring in loans held for sale and home equity loans and lines of credit. The increase in net interest income was substantially offset by the contraction of the net interest margin, which declined to 3.15% for the three months ended September 30, 2003 from 3.36% for the same period in 2002, largely due to the continued downward repricing of loans and debt securities from the higher interest rate environment of the previous twelve months. The decline in the margin was partially offset by a decrease in interest-bearing checking (Platinum) rates and higher levels of noninterest-bearing custodial balances. The average rate paid on Platinum accounts decreased to 1.82% from 2.92% on average balances of $58.49 billion and $40.44 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, net interest income decreased $420 million or 7% compared with the same period in 2002. This decrease resulted from contraction of the margin, which declined to 3.26% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 from 3.55% for the same period in 2002, as yields on loans and debt securities continued to reprice downward from the higher interest rate environment of 2002. The decline in the margin was partially offset by decreases in the rates paid on interest-bearing deposits. In particular, the average rate paid on interest-bearing checking (Platinum) accounts decreased to 1.93% from 3.13% on average balances of $55.30 billion and $29.43 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. Growth in noninterest-bearing sources, primarily from higher average custodial balances, also offset the contraction in the margin by 15 basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, as compared with the same period in 2002. Higher average balances of loans held for sale and home equity loans and lines of credit during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, further reduced the decline in net interest income.
The Company expects further contraction of the margin in the fourth quarter of 2003 due to lower yields on available-for-sale securities and a decrease in average custodial balances that will occur if loan refinancing activity continues to decline.
Interest rate contracts, including embedded derivatives, held for asset/liability interest rate risk management purposes decreased net interest income by $153 million and $447 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $146 million and $275 million for the same periods in 2002.
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Certain average balances, together with the total dollar amounts of interest income and expense and the weighted average interest rates, were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
Average Balance | Rate | Interest Income | Average Balance | Rate | Interest Income | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | $ | 1,350 | 2.16 | % | $ | 7 | $ | 3,707 | 1.74 | % | $ | 17 | ||||||
Available-for-sale securities(1): | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 21,174 | 4.51 | 239 | 24,882 | 5.53 | 344 | ||||||||||||
Investment securities | 17,788 | 3.65 | 163 | 24,472 | 5.02 | 308 | ||||||||||||
Loans held for sale(2) | 46,956 | 5.27 | 619 | 25,740 | 6.03 | 388 | ||||||||||||
Loans held in portfolio(2)(3): | ||||||||||||||||||
Loans secured by real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||
Home loans | 84,460 | 4.56 | 963 | 84,276 | 5.85 | 1,232 | ||||||||||||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | 10,777 | 5.30 | 143 | 9,141 | 6.28 | 144 | ||||||||||||
Total home loans | 95,237 | 4.64 | 1,106 | 93,417 | 5.89 | 1,376 | ||||||||||||
Home construction loans: | ||||||||||||||||||
Builder(4) | 1,105 | 4.47 | 13 | 1,214 | 5.53 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Custom(5) | 977 | 6.90 | 17 | 891 | 8.15 | 18 | ||||||||||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 22,209 | 4.82 | 267 | 14,170 | 5.97 | 211 | ||||||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 2,077 | 11.56 | 60 | 2,225 | 11.96 | 67 | ||||||||||||
Multi-family | 19,920 | 5.16 | 258 | 18,094 | 5.92 | 269 | ||||||||||||
Other real estate | 6,989 | 6.31 | 111 | 8,412 | 6.76 | 143 | ||||||||||||
Total loans secured by real estate | 148,514 | 4.93 | 1,832 | 138,423 | 6.07 | 2,101 | ||||||||||||
Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 1,191 | 8.46 | 25 | 2,119 | 9.53 | 51 | ||||||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 1,784 | 19.68 | 88 | 1,708 | 19.13 | 82 | ||||||||||||
Commercial business | 5,088 | 4.02 | 52 | 3,910 | 5.34 | 53 | ||||||||||||
Total loans held in portfolio | 156,577 | 5.09 | 1,997 | 146,160 | 6.25 | 2,287 | ||||||||||||
Other | 5,796 | 3.96 | 58 | 4,403 | 6.23 | 69 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 249,641 | 4.93 | 3,083 | 229,364 | 5.94 | 3,413 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights | 6,250 | 5,933 | ||||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 6,253 | 6,231 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | 28,071 | 19,597 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 290,215 | $ | 261,125 | ||||||||||||||
(This table is continued on the next page.)
(1) | The average balance and yield are based on average amortized cost balances. |
(2) | Nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan amounts outstanding. |
(3) | Interest income for loans held in portfolio includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs of $96 million and $58 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. |
(4) | Represents loans to builders for the purpose of financing the acquisition, development and construction of single-family residences for sale. |
(5) | Represents construction loans made directly to the intended occupant of a single-family residence. |
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(Continued from the previous page.)
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
Average Balance | Rate | Interest Expense | Average Balance | Rate | Interest Expense | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 64,057 | 1.68 | % | $ | 272 | $ | 46,508 | 2.59 | % | $ | 304 | ||||||
Savings accounts and money market deposit accounts | 28,674 | 0.88 | 63 | 29,963 | 1.45 | 110 | ||||||||||||
Time deposit accounts | 31,757 | 2.53 | 203 | 34,937 | 3.01 | 265 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 124,488 | 1.72 | 538 | 111,408 | 2.42 | 679 | ||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and commercial paper | 5,041 | 1.37 | 17 | 1,983 | 2.06 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 21,399 | 2.19 | 120 | 26,814 | 3.06 | 207 | ||||||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks | 45,334 | 2.59 | 300 | 56,926 | 3.01 | 431 | ||||||||||||
Other | 14,053 | 4.38 | 154 | 13,549 | 4.87 | 167 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 210,315 | 2.12 | 1,129 | 210,680 | 2.81 | 1,494 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing sources: | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 49,457 | 24,065 | ||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 9,786 | 5,553 | ||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | 20,657 | 20,827 | ||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 290,215 | $ | 261,125 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest spread and net interest income | 2.81 | $ | 1,954 | 3.13 | $ | 1,919 | ||||||||||||
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources | 0.34 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 3.15 | 3.36 |
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Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
Average Balance | Rate | Interest Income | Average Balance | Rate | Interest Income | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | $ | 3,297 | 1.39 | % | $ | 35 | $ | 2,289 | 1.77 | % | $ | 31 | ||||||
Available-for-sale securities(1): | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 23,805 | 5.04 | 900 | 24,199 | 5.62 | 1,019 | ||||||||||||
Investment securities | 15,926 | 4.09 | 488 | 37,301 | 4.98 | 1,392 | ||||||||||||
Loans held for sale(2) | 45,353 | 5.39 | 1,834 | 25,059 | 6.34 | 1,192 | ||||||||||||
Loans held in portfolio(2)(3): | ||||||||||||||||||
Loans secured by real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||
Home loans | 83,657 | 4.91 | 3,079 | 86,251 | 6.02 | 3,894 | ||||||||||||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | 10,456 | 5.57 | 437 | 8,905 | 6.52 | 435 | ||||||||||||
Total home loans | 94,113 | 4.98 | 3,516 | 95,156 | 6.07 | 4,329 | ||||||||||||
Home construction loans: | ||||||||||||||||||
Builder(4) | 1,088 | 4.75 | 39 | 1,386 | 5.93 | 62 | ||||||||||||
Custom(5) | 942 | 7.36 | 52 | 904 | 8.15 | 55 | ||||||||||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 19,583 | 5.08 | 747 | 12,709 | 6.01 | 571 | ||||||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 2,026 | 11.79 | 179 | 2,146 | 12.02 | 193 | ||||||||||||
Multi-family | 19,149 | 5.38 | 773 | 17,689 | 6.08 | 808 | ||||||||||||
Other real estate | 7,344 | 6.30 | 348 | 8,415 | 6.84 | 432 | ||||||||||||
Total loans secured by real estate | 144,245 | 5.22 | 5,654 | 138,405 | 6.21 | 6,450 | ||||||||||||
Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 1,259 | 8.79 | 83 | 2,560 | 9.43 | 181 | ||||||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 1,749 | 19.54 | 256 | 1,713 | 18.77 | 241 | ||||||||||||
Commercial business | 4,926 | 4.28 | 159 | 4,103 | 5.19 | 161 | ||||||||||||
Total loans held in portfolio | 152,179 | 5.39 | 6,152 | 146,781 | 6.39 | 7,033 | ||||||||||||
Other | 5,253 | 4.64 | 183 | 4,624 | 6.17 | 214 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 245,813 | 5.20 | 9,592 | 240,253 | 6.04 | 10,881 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights | 5,490 | 6,918 | ||||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 6,257 | 5,995 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | 27,472 | 17,496 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 285,032 | $ | 270,662 | ||||||||||||||
(This table is continued on the next page.)
(1) | The average balance and yield are based on average amortized cost balances. |
(2) | Nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan amounts outstanding. |
(3) | Interest income for loans held in portfolio includes amortization of net deferred loan origination costs of $235 million and $162 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. |
(4) | Represents loans to builders for the purpose of financing the acquisition, development and construction of single-family residences for sale. |
(5) | Represents construction loans made directly to the intended occupant of a single-family residence. |
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(Continued from the previous page.)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
Average Balance | Rate | Interest Expense | Average Balance | Rate | Interest Expense | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 60,980 | 1.78 | % | $ | 810 | $ | 35,873 | 2.65 | % | $ | 711 | ||||||
Savings accounts and money market deposit accounts | 28,265 | 0.98 | 207 | 32,488 | 1.53 | 372 | ||||||||||||
Time deposit accounts | 31,976 | 2.74 | 657 | 38,628 | 3.16 | 913 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 121,221 | 1.85 | 1,674 | 106,989 | 2.49 | 1,996 | ||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and commercial paper | 3,766 | 1.40 | 40 | 3,690 | 1.98 | 55 | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 20,607 | 2.52 | 394 | 38,595 | 2.21 | 638 | ||||||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks | 50,993 | 2.62 | 1,012 | 60,595 | 2.79 | 1,265 | ||||||||||||
Other | 14,819 | 4.31 | 477 | 13,892 | 4.93 | 512 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 211,406 | 2.26 | 3,597 | 223,761 | 2.66 | 4,466 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing sources: | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 44,015 | 23,044 | ||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 8,847 | 4,305 | ||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | 20,764 | 19,552 | ||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 285,032 | $ | 270,662 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest spread and net interest income | 2.94 | $ | 5,995 | 3.38 | $ | 6,415 | ||||||||||||
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources | 0.32 | 0.17 | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 3.26 | 3.55 |
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Noninterest Income
Noninterest income consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Home loan mortgage banking income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan servicing income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan servicing fees | $ | 542 | $ | 508 | 7 | % | $ | 1,748 | $ | 1,609 | 9 | % | ||||||||||
Loan subservicing fees | 1 | 34 | (97 | ) | 13 | 87 | (85 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights | (665 | ) | (713 | ) | (7 | ) | (2,665 | ) | (1,696 | ) | 57 | |||||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights recovery (impairment) | 368 | (1,849 | ) | - | 96 | (2,911 | ) | - | ||||||||||||||
Other, net | (221 | ) | (97 | ) | 128 | (528 | ) | (238 | ) | 122 | ||||||||||||
Net home loan servicing income (expense) | 25 | (2,117 | ) | - | (1,336 | ) | (3,149 | ) | (58 | ) | ||||||||||||
Revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives | (172 | ) | 1,694 | - | 643 | 2,535 | (75 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net settlement income from certain interest-rate swaps | 130 | 116 | 12 | 354 | 224 | 58 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from mortgage loans | (271 | ) | 418 | - | 939 | 889 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
GNMA pool buy-out income | 146 | 109 | 34 | 519 | 200 | 160 | ||||||||||||||||
Loan related income | 108 | 60 | 80 | 274 | 192 | 43 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from sale of originated mortgage-backed securities | 258 | (1 | ) | - | 260 | 19 | - | |||||||||||||||
Total home loan mortgage banking income | 224 | 279 | (20 | ) | 1,653 | 910 | 82 | |||||||||||||||
Depositor and other retail banking fees | 471 | 426 | 11 | 1,346 | 1,185 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||
Securities fees and commissions | 103 | 92 | 12 | 291 | 272 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
Insurance income | 50 | 46 | 9 | 155 | 132 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||
Portfolio loan related income | 116 | 85 | 36 | 344 | 226 | 52 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain from other available-for-sale securities | 557 | 356 | 56 | 689 | 195 | 253 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 7 | 98 | (93 | ) | (129 | ) | 293 | - | ||||||||||||||
Other income | 120 | (4 | ) | - | 325 | 175 | 86 | |||||||||||||||
Total noninterest income | $ | 1,648 | $ | 1,378 | 20 | $ | 4,674 | $ | 3,388 | 38 | ||||||||||||
Home Loan Mortgage Banking Income (Expense)
The increase in home loan servicing fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 was the result of the increase in our loans serviced for others portfolio, partially offset by a decline in the aggregate weighted average servicing fee. Our loans serviced for others portfolio increased from $478.28 billion at September 30, 2002 to $577.82 billion at September 30, 2003 substantially as a result of the acquisition of HomeSide Lending, Inc., including its servicing portfolio, in the fourth quarter of 2002.
The weighted average servicing fee decreased from 40 basis points at September 30, 2002 to 35 basis points at September 30, 2003 largely due to the Company’s continuing process of selling a portion of the future contractual servicing cash flows to third parties. This process decreased the net MSR balance by $571 million but had no impact on the unpaid principal balance of the loans serviced for others portfolio. Additionally, the Company has entered into loan sales and securitizations with certain government-sponsored and private enterprises in which it has retained a smaller servicing fee than is common in the industry. The smaller servicing fee leads to a lower value for the resulting MSR and greater cash income when the loans or securities are sold, although it does not have an impact on the original gain from mortgage loans that was recorded at the time of rate lock.
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During the first half of 2003, we recorded an other than temporary MSR impairment of $1.11 billion. The amount of the other than temporary impairment was determined by selecting an appropriate interest rate shock to estimate the amount of MSR fair value that we might expect to recover in the foreseeable future. To the extent that the gross carrying value of the MSR exceeded the estimated recoverable amount, that portion of the gross carrying value was written off as an other than temporary impairment. Although the writedowns had no impact on our results of operations or financial condition, they did reduce the gross carrying value of the MSR, which is used as the basis for MSR amortization. A similar analysis was also performed during the third quarter of 2003 and the recording of an other than temporary impairment was not necessary.
The Company recognized a recovery from its previously recorded MSR impairment valuation allowance of $368 million during the third quarter of 2003. This recovery was due to an increase in quarter-end mortgage rates, as compared with June 30, 2003, which decreased the expected prepayment rate on the Company’s servicing portfolio. MSR amortization expense was lower in the third quarter of 2003, as compared with the same quarter in 2002, due to expected lower prepayment rates during the quarter as a result of an overall increase in mortgage rates, and the other than temporary MSR impairment recorded in the first half of 2003 which reduced the gross carrying value of the MSR available to amortize.
The increase in other home loan servicing expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 resulted from higher loan pool expenses due to significant refinancing activity. Loan pool expenses represent the amount of interest expense that the Company incurs for the elapsed time between the borrower payoff date and the next monthly loan servicing investor pool cutoff date.
In measuring the fair value of MSR, we stratify the loans in our servicing portfolio based on loan type and coupon rate. We measure MSR impairment by estimating the fair value of each stratum. An impairment allowance for a stratum is recorded when, and in the amount by which, its fair value is less than its gross carrying value. A recovery of the impairment allowance for a stratum is recorded when its fair value exceeds its net carrying value, however, the recovery cannot exceed the valuation allowance for each stratum. At September 30, 2003, we stratified the loans in our servicing portfolio as follows:
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||
Rate Band | Gross Carrying Value | Valuation Allowance | Net Carrying Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||
Primary Servicing: | ||||||||||||||
Adjustable | All loans | $ | 1,684 | $ | 576 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 1,108 | |||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 6.00% and below | 2,436 | 566 | 1,870 | 1,870 | |||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 6.01% to 7.49% | 1,903 | 931 | 972 | 972 | |||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 7.50% and above | 334 | 118 | 216 | 216 | |||||||||
Government | 6.00% and below | 350 | 53 | 297 | 297 | |||||||||
Government | 6.01% to 7.49% | 725 | 314 | 411 | 411 | |||||||||
Government | 7.50% and above | 370 | 114 | 256 | 256 | |||||||||
Private | 6.00% and below | 448 | 147 | 301 | 301 | |||||||||
Private | 6.01% to 7.49% | 326 | 171 | 155 | 155 | |||||||||
Private | 7.50% and above | 145 | 36 | 109 | 109 | |||||||||
Total primary servicing | 8,721 | 3,026 | 5,695 | 5,695 | ||||||||||
Master servicing | All loans | 117 | 49 | 68 | 68 | |||||||||
Specialty home loans | All loans | 85 | - | 85 | 118 | |||||||||
Multi-family | All loans | 22 | - | 22 | 24 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 8,945 | $ | 3,075 | $ | 5,870 | $ | 5,905 | ||||||
Since loans with coupon rates at or below 6.00% reached a significant level, the Company adjusted the strata of the loan servicing portfolio during the second quarter of 2003 to the rate bands illustrated in the table above.
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At September 30, 2003, key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value for home loans MSR to immediate changes in those assumptions were as follows:
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage Servicing Rights | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed-Rate Mortgage Loans | Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Loans | |||||||||||||||
Government and Government- Enterprises | Privately Issued | All Types | Specialty Home | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Fair value of home loans MSR | $ | 4,022 | $ | 565 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 118 | ||||||||
Expected-weighted-average life (in years) | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
Constant prepayment rate (“CPR”)(1) | 24.06 | % | 27.60 | % | 26.79 | % | 39.18 | % | ||||||||
Impact on fair value of 25% decrease in CPR | $ | 844 | $ | 140 | $ | 249 | $ | 30 | ||||||||
Impact on fair value of 50% decrease in CPR | 2,054 | 343 | 616 | 74 | ||||||||||||
Impact on fair value of 25% increase in CPR | (617 | ) | (104 | ) | (180 | ) | (22 | ) | ||||||||
Impact on fair value of 50% increase in CPR | (1,086 | ) | (205 | ) | (323 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||||||
Discounted cash flow rate (“DCF”) | 8.35 | % | 9.84 | % | 10.06 | % | 19.52 | % | ||||||||
Impact on fair value of 10% decrease in DCF | n/a | n/a | n/a | $ | 3 | |||||||||||
Impact on fair value of 25% decrease in DCF | $ | 232 | $ | 33 | $ | 72 | 9 | |||||||||
Impact on fair value of 50% decrease in DCF | 497 | 71 | 157 | n/a | ||||||||||||
Impact on fair value of 25% increase in DCF | (204 | ) | (29 | ) | (63 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||
Impact on fair value of 50% increase in DCF | (386 | ) | (54 | ) | (118 | ) | (13 | ) |
(1) | Represents the expected lifetime average. |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the table above demonstrates, our methodology for estimating the fair value of MSR is highly sensitive to changes in assumptions. For example, our determination of fair value uses anticipated prepayment speeds. Actual prepayment experience may differ and any difference may have a material effect on MSR fair value. Changes in fair value based on a variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSR is calculated without changing any other assumption; in reality, changes in one factor may be associated with changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower prepayments, but credit losses may increase), which may magnify or counteract the sensitivities. Thus, any measurement of MSR fair value is limited by the conditions existing and assumptions made as of a particular point in time. Those assumptions may not be appropriate if they are applied to a different point in time. Refer to “Market Risk Management” for discussion of how MSR prepayment risk is managed and to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements — ”Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of how MSR impairment is measured.
As part of its mortgage banking activities, the Company enters into commitments to originate or purchase loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is set prior to funding (rate lock commitments). Rate lock commitments on mortgage loans that are intended to be sold are considered to be derivatives. Therefore, they are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recorded in gain from mortgage loans on the Consolidated Statements of Income. In measuring the fair value of rate lock commitments, the amount of the expected servicing rights is included in the valuation. This value is calculated using the same methodologies as are used to value the Company’s MSR, adjusted for an anticipated fallout factor for loan commitments that are not expected to be funded. The fair value of rate lock commitments on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2003 and 2002 for which the underlying loans had not been funded was $130 million and $463 million.
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This policy of recognizing the value of the derivative has the effect of recognizing the gain from mortgage loans before the loans are sold. In October 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) decided to add a project to its agenda that would clarify how fair value should be measured for rate lock commitments that are considered to be derivatives. The FASB will determine if it is appropriate to recognize an asset component (e.g., the anticipated servicing rights retained by the Company when the underlying loans are sold) when measuring the value of a rate lock commitment, or if these commitments solely represent written option contracts that by definition must be recorded as liabilities. If the FASB decides that rate lock commitments are written option contracts or changes the manner in which the asset component is measured, the timing of the gain recognition inherent within our rate lock commitments could be delayed, possibly until the anticipated loans are sold. Generally, loans held for sale are sold within 60 to 120 days after the initial recognition of the rate lock commitment. No timetable has been established yet for the completion of this project.
Rate lock commitment volume, adjusted for actual and anticipated fallout factors, totaled $66.90 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $69.31 billion for the same period in 2002.
The fair value changes in loans held for sale and the offsetting changes in the derivative instruments used as fair value hedges are also recorded within gain from mortgage loans when hedge accounting treatment is achieved. Loans held for sale where hedge accounting treatment is not achieved (“nonqualifying” loans held for sale) are not recorded at fair value and are instead recorded at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. Due to changes in the fair value of derivatives acquired to mitigate the risk of fair value changes to these nonqualifying loans, net gains of $145 million in the third quarter of 2003 and net losses of $197 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 were recognized as revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives. A gain may be recognized when the loans are subsequently sold if the fair value of those loans is higher than the carrying amount. As of September 30, 2003, the fair value of loans held for sale was $31.38 billion with a carrying amount of $31.34 billion, and as of December 31, 2002, the fair value was $34.06 billion with a carrying amount of $34.00 billion.
The following tables separately present the MSR, loans held for sale and other risk management activities included within noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||||
MSR Risk Management | Loans Held for Sale Risk Management | Other Risk Management | Total | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives | $ | (317 | ) | $ | 145 | $ | - | $ | (172 | ) | |||||
Net settlement income from certain interest-rate swaps | 120 | 10 | - | 130 | |||||||||||
Gain from other available-for-sale securities | 176 | - | 381 | 557 | |||||||||||
Total | $ | (21 | ) | $ | 155 | $ | 381 | $ | 515 | ||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||||
MSR Risk Management | Loans Held for Sale Risk Management | Other Risk Management | Total | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives | $ | 840 | $ | (197 | ) | $ | - | $ | 643 | ||||||
Net settlement income from certain interest-rate swaps | 344 | 10 | - | 354 | |||||||||||
Gain from other available-for-sale securities | 316 | - | 373 | 689 | |||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,500 | $ | (187 | ) | $ | 373 | $ | 1,686 | ||||||
Revaluation gain (loss) from derivatives is the earnings impact of the changes in fair value from certain derivatives where the Company either has not attempted to achieve, or has attempted but did not achieve, hedge accounting treatment under Statement No. 133. Derivatives that were used for MSR risk management purposes
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produced a revaluation loss of $317 million and a gain of $840 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with gains of $1.69 billion and $2.54 billion for the same periods in 2002. The total notional amount of these MSR risk management derivatives at September 30, 2003 was $48.79 billion with a combined net fair value of $1.08 billion.
Net settlement income from certain interest-rate swaps consisted of income on receive-fixed swaps, which were used predominantly as MSR risk management derivatives. At September 30, 2003, the total notional amount of these receive-fixed swaps was $27.18 billion, compared with $12.08 billion at September 30, 2002.
The Company recorded a loss from mortgage loans, net of revaluation gains from derivatives used as loans held for sale risk management instruments, of $126 million in the third quarter of 2003, compared with a net gain of $475 million in the preceding quarter. During the third quarter, the Company experienced market volatility and operational performance issues that adversely impacted the risk management of interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgage loans to be sold. Despite the sharp rise in mortgage rates that occurred in late July and early August, refinancing application volume remained at high levels during this period as borrowers attempted to obtain rate locks before rates potentially moved even higher. Additionally, borrowers with existing rate lock commitments had a strong incentive to fund their loans before the locks expired, which caused the expected fallout rates on these commitments to decline to extremely low levels. This created capacity issues within loan origination systems, which often culminated in rate lock extensions for loans that could not be funded within their prescribed timeframe. Due to information gaps that occurred between loan origination systems and the secondary marketing risk management system, many of these rate lock extensions were not economically hedged. Origination system processing interruptions also occurred during this period of market volatility, which delayed the entry of new rate lock information into the risk management system and resulted in further economic hedge ineffectiveness.
Derivative market illiquidity issues during this period of rapidly rising mortgage rates also adversely affected the risk management of both the aforementioned rate lock commitments and loans held for sale. Due to the sudden changes in the values of these instruments, the Company attempted to respond by making large adjustments to the quantity of derivatives used to manage the risk in these portfolios. However, due to the lack of liquidity in the market, the required risk profile adjustments to these portfolios were not always made on a timely basis. In particular, the market for derivatives that we hold to manage the risk from the mortgage servicing component embedded within these portfolios sharply contracted in size, thus causing the sale of these derivatives to occur at distressed prices.
The Company undertook numerous actions to correct these issues and to mitigate their financial effects. Corrective measures include the timely interface of rate lock activity from the origination systems to the secondary marketing risk management system, a more rigorous origination oversight process that prioritizes loan funding resources, thereby reducing the occurrence of rate lock extensions, and a broader diversification of derivative instruments used to risk manage rate lock commitments and loans held for sale. In addition, the Company sold a significant amount of available-for-sale securities during the third quarter of 2003. The gains recognized from these securities sales consisted of $258 million in gains from originated mortgage-backed securities and $381 million of gains from the sale of other available-for-sale securities.
Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) pool buy-out income was $146 million and $519 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and $109 million and $200 million for the same periods in 2002. Beginning in September of 2002, the Company began to regularly exercise its buy-back rights under the terms of its contract with GNMA. The Company has the right to repurchase certain loans that are part of pools serviced for GNMA before they have reached nonperforming status. In one part of the Company’s program, loans that have been 30 days past due for three consecutive months (referred to as “rolling 30 loans”) are repurchased from GNMA and then resold in the secondary market. In the other, loans that have missed three consecutive payments are likewise purchased and resold. These loans are collectively referred to as Early Buy-Out Loans.
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Gain from the sale of these loans was $81 million and $309 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and $44 million and $66 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002. The Company does not have the option of repurchasing “rolling 30 loans” from pools created after January 1, 2003, but continues to make such purchases from previously created pools. The Company does not expect this change to have a significant impact on its results of operations throughout the remainder of 2003.
Additionally, as part of its normal Federal Housing Administration and Department of Veterans Affairs lending program, the Company repurchases defaulted loans from GNMA and undertakes collection and, if necessary, foreclosure proceedings with respect to those loans. Upon completion of the foreclosure, the Company can also submit a claim to either the Federal Housing Administration or the Department of Veterans Affairs for payment on the insurance or guarantee, as the case may be, issued by that agency. The portion of the recovery which is attributed to interest income owed to the Company is also recorded in this category. That interest income, together with interest income on the Early Buy-Out Loans was $65 million and $210 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and $65 million and $134 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002.
Loan related income increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, primarily due to increased fees charged to our correspondent lenders and late charges on the loans serviced for others portfolio.
All Other Noninterest Income Analysis
The increase in depositor and other retail banking fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 was primarily due to higher levels of checking fees that resulted from an increased number of noninterest-bearing checking accounts in comparison with the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and an increase in debit card and ATM related income. The number of noninterest-bearing checking accounts at September 30, 2003 totaled approximately 6.3 million, an increase of more than 600,000 from September 30, 2002.
The growth in portfolio loan related income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 was primarily due to continued high levels of loan prepayment fees as a result of refinancing activity.
Several securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”) that contained embedded pay-fixed swaps were restructured during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of repurchase agreements of $129 million. The restructured repurchase agreements also contain embedded pay-fixed swaps with the same terms, but with a lower pay rate.
Other income increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 largely due to the effects recorded in the third quarter of 2002 of the Company’s removal of the cash flow hedge designation on certain payor swaptions. This resulted in the reclassification of a $112 million loss from accumulated other comprehensive income to other income. No such reclassifications have occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase in other income was also partially attributable to fees paid to the Company by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC” or “Freddie Mac”). In the first of a two part transaction, the Company received $55 million in nonrefundable fees to induce the Company to swap approximately $3.3 billion of multi-family loans for 100% of the beneficial interest in those loans in the form of mortgage-backed securities issued by Freddie Mac. Since the Company has the unilateral right to collapse the securities after one year, the Company has effectively retained control over the loans. Accordingly, the assets continue to be accounted for and reported as loans. This transaction was undertaken by Freddie Mac in order to facilitate fulfilling its 2003 affordable housing goals as set by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The second part of this transaction, of similar size and purpose, was completed during the fourth quarter of 2003. These increases were partially offset by losses due to revaluation adjustments on residual interests in collateralized mortgage obligations.
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Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits | $ | 860 | $ | 719 | 20 | % | $ | 2,497 | $ | 2,141 | 17 | % | ||||||
Occupancy and equipment | 356 | 289 | 23 | 1,035 | 859 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Telecommunications and outsourced information services | 153 | 136 | 13 | 440 | 409 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Depositor and other retail banking losses | 50 | 55 | (9 | ) | 151 | 153 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of other intangible assets | 15 | 17 | (12 | ) | 46 | 50 | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Advertising and promotion | 55 | 75 | (27 | ) | 201 | 188 | 7 | |||||||||||
Professional fees | 71 | 55 | 29 | 195 | 161 | 21 | ||||||||||||
Postage | 51 | 50 | 2 | 164 | 136 | 21 | ||||||||||||
Loan expense | 71 | 65 | 9 | 192 | 154 | 25 | ||||||||||||
Travel and training | 39 | 31 | 26 | 114 | 102 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Reinsurance expense | 12 | 13 | (8 | ) | 44 | 37 | 19 | |||||||||||
Other expense | 131 | 111 | 18 | 411 | 334 | 23 | ||||||||||||
Total noninterest expense | $ | 1,864 | $ | 1,616 | 15 | $ | 5,490 | $ | 4,724 | 16 | ||||||||
The increase in employee base compensation and benefits expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 over the same periods in 2002 was substantially due to the hiring of additional staff to support our expanding operations and the increased overtime and second shifts in response to higher refinancing activity. Full-time equivalent employees were 59,975 at September 30, 2003, compared with 50,329 at September 30, 2002.
The increase in occupancy and equipment expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 resulted primarily from higher equipment depreciation expense related to various technology related projects that were placed in service during the second quarter of 2003 and increased rent and building expense due to continued branch expansion into new markets.
Professional fees increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, primarily as a result of increased technology related projects and legal fees.
The increase in loan expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 was largely due to higher non-deferred loan closing costs, resulting from an overall increase in refinancing activity, compared with the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002.
Other expense increased during the periods reported primarily due to higher foreclosed asset expenses, outside services and charitable contributions.
The Company announced a major realignment at the end of September 2003, which places the mortgage and consumer banking business under one common management and the commercial and specialty lending businesses under one common management. Among other goals, this realignment is expected to create opportunities to eliminate redundant operations and processes within the newly combined business units. Accordingly, the Company expects the outcome of this initiative to lead to reduced levels of noninterest expense in future periods.
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Assets
At September 30, 2003, our assets were $286.63 billion, an increase of 7% from $268.23 billion at December 31, 2002. The increase was predominantly due to an increase in investment securities, loans held in portfolio and other assets.
Securities
Securities consisted of the following:
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale securities | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | $ | 11,728 | $ | 266 | $ | (14 | ) | $ | 11,980 | |||||||
Private issue | 2,352 | 25 | (5 | ) | 2,372 | |||||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities | 14,080 | 291 | (19 | ) | 14,352 | |||||||||||
Investment securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | 22,404 | 67 | (97 | ) | 22,374 | |||||||||||
Other debt securities | 307 | 17 | - | 324 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities | 125 | 9 | (1 | ) | 133 | |||||||||||
Total investment securities | 22,836 | 93 | (98 | ) | 22,831 | |||||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities | $ | 36,916 | $ | 384 | $ | (117 | ) | $ | 37,183 | |||||||
December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale securities | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | $ | 19,649 | $ | 583 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 20,227 | |||||||
Private issue | 7,940 | 216 | (8 | ) | 8,148 | |||||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities | 27,589 | 799 | (13 | ) | 28,375 | |||||||||||
Investment securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | 14,560 | 581 | (4 | ) | 15,137 | |||||||||||
Other debt securities | 309 | 16 | - | 325 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities | 134 | 3 | (2 | ) | 135 | |||||||||||
Total investment securities | 15,003 | 600 | (6 | ) | 15,597 | |||||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities | $ | 42,592 | $ | 1,399 | $ | (19 | ) | $ | 43,972 | |||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale securities | ||||||||||||||||
Realized gross gains | $ | 905 | $ | 500 | $ | 1,083 | $ | 827 | ||||||||
Realized gross losses | (90 | ) | (145 | ) | (134 | ) | (613 | ) | ||||||||
Realized net gain | $ | 815 | $ | 355 | $ | 949 | $ | 214 | ||||||||
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Our mortgage-backed securities portfolio declined to $14.35 billion at September 30, 2003 from $28.38 billion at December 31, 2002. Substantially all of this decrease resulted from the sale of $7.53 billion of mortgage-backed securities during the three months ended September 30, 2003 and prepayments that occurred from refinancing activity. Our investment securities portfolio increased to $22.83 billion at September 30, 2003 from $15.60 billion at December 31, 2002. This increase resulted from the purchase of U.S. Government and agency investment securities. The Company’s available-for-sale securities portfolio includes both mortgage-backed securities and investment securities that are used for MSR risk management purposes.
Loans
Loans held in portfolio consisted of the following:
September 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Loans secured by real estate: | ||||||
Home loans | $ | 90,243 | $ | 82,842 | ||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | 11,366 | 10,128 | ||||
Total home loans | 101,609 | 92,970 | ||||
Home construction loans: | ||||||
Builder(1) | 1,061 | 1,017 | ||||
Custom(2) | 1,032 | 932 | ||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 24,060 | 16,168 | ||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 2,117 | 1,930 | ||||
Multi-family | 20,191 | 18,000 | ||||
Other real estate | 6,932 | 7,986 | ||||
Total loans secured by real estate | 157,002 | 139,003 | ||||
Consumer: | ||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 1,121 | 1,663 | ||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 1,826 | 1,729 | ||||
Commercial business | 4,550 | 5,133 | ||||
Total loans held in portfolio | $ | 164,499 | $ | 147,528 | ||
(1) | Represents loans to builders for the purpose of financing the acquisition, development and construction of single-family residences for sale. |
(2) | Represents construction loans made directly to the intended occupant of a single-family residence. |
Our loans held in portfolio increased $16.97 billion to $164.50 billion at September 30, 2003 from $147.53 billion at December 31, 2002. This increase was predominantly due to an increase in home loans, home equity loans and lines of credit and multi-family loans. Growth in the home loan portfolio primarily resulted from the retention of certain medium-term adjustable-rate mortgages originated during the third quarter of 2003. These products, also referred to as “hybrid” loans, offer fixed interest rates during their initial term, which is usually three or five years, and then convert to an adjustable rate for their remaining life. Those loans that were retained in the portfolio yield a rate of return that is consistent with the Company’s capital deployment guidelines. The Company may retain future hybrid loan production in its portfolio as market conditions warrant.
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Other Assets
Other assets consisted of the following:
September 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Premises and equipment | $ | 3,244 | $ | 2,862 | ||
Investment in bank-owned life insurance | 2,550 | 2,471 | ||||
Accrued interest receivable | 1,307 | 1,439 | ||||
Foreclosed assets | 304 | 336 | ||||
GNMA pool buy-outs | 4,223 | 4,859 | ||||
Other intangible assets | 265 | 311 | ||||
Derivatives | 2,632 | 4,105 | ||||
Trading securities | 1,235 | 336 | ||||
Accounts receivable | 16,789 | 1,625 | ||||
Other | 1,385 | 1,501 | ||||
Total other assets | $ | 33,934 | $ | 19,845 | ||
Substantially all of the decrease in the derivatives balance from December 31, 2002 to September 30, 2003 was due to a decrease in the net fair value of receive-fixed swaps and receiver swaptions held for MSR risk management purposes. The net fair value of the receive-fixed swaps and receiver swaptions decreased primarily as a result of terminations and maturities of certain of those swaps and swaptions with higher receive-fixed rates and correspondingly higher net fair value. The net fair value of the receive-fixed swaps used for MSR risk management purposes was $467 million at September 30, 2003, compared with $2.18 billion at December 31, 2002. There were no receiver swaptions used for MSR risk management purposes at September 30, 2003, compared with $415 million of net fair value at December 31, 2002.
The increase in trading securities was a result of growth in mortgage-backed securities held by WaMu Capital Corp., the Company’s institutional broker-dealer.
The increase in accounts receivable was largely due to the sale in September 2003 of mortgage-backed securities and investment securities where we had not yet settled with the counterparties as of September 30, 2003.
Deposits
Deposits consisted of the following:
September 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Checking accounts: | ||||||
Noninterest bearing | $ | 35,649 | $ | 35,730 | ||
Interest bearing | 66,353 | 56,132 | ||||
102,002 | 91,862 | |||||
Savings accounts | 11,445 | 10,313 | ||||
Money market deposit accounts | 19,903 | 19,573 | ||||
Time deposit accounts | 30,791 | 33,768 | ||||
Total deposits | $ | 164,141 | $ | 155,516 | ||
Deposits increased to $164,141 million at September 30, 2003 from $155,516 million at December 31, 2002. Substantially all of the increase in interest-bearing checking accounts was due to the growth in Platinum
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Accounts. Platinum Accounts totaled $60.90 billion at September 30, 2003, compared with $55.90 billion at June 30, 2003 and $50.20 billion at December 31, 2002. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the number of Platinum Accounts increased by 239,601 from 683,245 to 922,846 total accounts. At September 30, 2003, total deposits included $24.92 billion in custodial/escrow deposits related to loan servicing activities, compared with $32.95 billion at June 30, 2003 and $25.90 billion at December 31, 2002. Time deposit accounts decreased by $2.98 billion from year-end 2002 predominantly as a result of decreases in short-term certificates of deposit accounts.
Checking accounts, savings accounts and money market deposit accounts increased to 81% of total deposits at September 30, 2003, compared with 78% at year-end 2002. These products generally have the benefit of lower interest costs, compared with time deposit accounts. At September 30, 2003 deposits funded 57% of total assets, compared with 58% at December 31, 2002.
Borrowings
Our borrowings largely take the form of repurchase agreements and advances from the Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLB”) of Seattle, San Francisco, Dallas and New York. The exact mix of these two types of wholesale borrowings at any given time is dependent upon the market pricing of the individual borrowing sources.
Our wholesale borrowings decreased by $878 million at September 30, 2003, compared with year-end 2002 predominantly due to a decrease in advances from FHLBs, which was mostly offset by an increase in federal funds purchased and commercial paper and repurchase agreements. Other borrowings decreased by $840 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2003 substantially due to a reduction in outstanding senior debt. Refer to “Liquidity” for further discussion of funding sources at September 30, 2003, compared with year-end 2002.
We manage our business along three major operating segments: Banking and Financial Services; Home Loans and Insurance Services; and Specialty Finance. Results for Corporate Support/Treasury and Other are also presented. Refer to Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – “Operating Segments” for information regarding the key elements of our management reporting methodologies used to measure segment performance.
Operating Results
Banking and Financial Services
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 922 | $ | 789 | 17 | % | $ | 2,678 | $ | 2,214 | 21 | % | ||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 42 | 42 | - | 116 | 117 | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 665 | 563 | 18 | 1,872 | 1,615 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 989 | 920 | 8 | 2,857 | 2,608 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||
Income taxes | 212 | 148 | 43 | 600 | 418 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 344 | $ | 242 | 42 | $ | 977 | $ | 686 | 42 | ||||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio(1) | 54.80 | % | 59.27 | % | (8 | ) | 54.98 | % | 59.29 | % | (7 | ) | ||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 28,374 | $ | 21,463 | 32 | $ | 25,873 | $ | 20,463 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Average assets | 37,296 | 29,763 | 25 | 34,584 | 28,608 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 127,392 | 116,579 | 9 | 125,618 | 110,772 | 13 |
(1) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
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Net interest income increased to $922 million and $2,678 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $789 million and $2,214 million for the same periods in 2002. The primary sources of net interest income are a funds transfer credit for deposits and interest income on home equity loans and lines of credit, commercial and consumer loans. Net interest income increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 substantially due to decreased interest expense on deposits resulting from lower interest rates, a decreased funds transfer charge and an increase in interest income from higher levels of home equity loans and lines of credit balances.
Noninterest income was $665 million and $1,872 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $563 million and $1,615 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were mostly due to an increase in depositor and other retail banking fees and an increase in home loan origination broker fees received from the Home Loans and Insurance Services Group, which totaled $65 million and $163 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $21 million and $61 million for the same periods in 2002. The increase in home loan origination broker fees was driven by higher levels of originations.
Noninterest expense increased to $989 million and $2,857 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $920 million and $2,608 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were primarily due to increased compensation and benefits expense, occupancy and equipment expense and allocated corporate technology expense.
Total average assets increased to $37,296 million and $34,584 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $29,763 million and $28,608 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases in average assets were substantially a result of an approximately 50% increase in home equity loans and lines of credit average balances, partly offset by a decrease in average consumer loans.
Total average deposits increased to $127,392 million and $125,618 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $116,579 million and $110,772 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases in average deposits were predominantly due to higher levels of Platinum balances, partly offset by decreases in money market deposit and time deposit account balances. Average Platinum balances increased approximately 45% and 88% to $58.49 billion and $55.30 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 from $40.44 billion and $29.43 billion for the same periods in 2002.
Home Loans and Insurance Services
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 1,175 | $ | 820 | 43 | % | $ | 3,420 | $ | 2,417 | 41 | % | ||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 47 | 45 | 4 | 132 | 136 | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 229 | 969 | (76 | ) | 2,109 | 1,963 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 832 | 678 | 23 | 2,507 | 1,904 | 32 | ||||||||||||||||
Income taxes | 192 | 391 | (51 | ) | 1,074 | 879 | 22 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 333 | $ | 675 | (51 | ) | $ | 1,816 | $ | 1,461 | 24 | |||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio(1) | 54.19 | % | 33.97 | % | 60 | 41.51 | % | 38.88 | % | 7 | ||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 143,602 | $ | 120,594 | 19 | $ | 140,824 | $ | 121,599 | 16 | ||||||||||||
Average assets | 185,274 | 153,741 | 21 | 178,128 | 145,593 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 35,458 | 12,717 | 179 | 30,352 | 11,481 | 164 |
(1) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
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Net interest income increased to $1,175 million and $3,420 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $820 million and $2,417 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases in net interest income were mostly due to increases in interest income resulting from higher loans held for sale average balances and decreases in funding costs due to lower funds transfer pricing rates. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in interest income on loans held in portfolio, primarily adjustable-rate loans, which continued to reprice downward from the higher interest rate environment of 2002.
Noninterest income was $229 million in the third quarter of 2003, compared with $969 million for the same quarter in the prior year. The decrease was largely the result of the loss from mortgage loans of $271 million in the third quarter of 2003, compared with a gain of $418 million in the third quarter of 2002. The loss stemmed from various market volatility and operational issues, including unhedged rate lock extensions granted to customers, a diminished level of market liquidity for certain instruments used to manage interest rate risk on rate locks and loans held for sale, and system issues that caused data interruptions during the period. The decrease in noninterest income during the third quarter of 2003 was the primary reason for the increase in the efficiency ratio to 54.19%, compared with 33.97% for the same period in 2002.
Noninterest expense increased to $832 million and $2,507 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, from $678 million and $1,904 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were substantially due to higher allocated technology expense that resulted from various ongoing projects, compensation and benefits expense, occupancy and equipment expense and foreclosed assets expense.
Total average assets increased to $185,274 million and $178,128 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $153,741 million and $145,593 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were primarily due to growth in average loans held for sale balances that resulted from the high levels of home loan refinancing activity during the first nine months of 2003.
Total average deposits increased to $35,458 million and $30,352 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $12,717 million and $11,481 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were substantially due to the growth of average custodial balances resulting from higher loan prepayments that occurred from refinancing activity.
Specialty Finance
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 365 | $ | 311 | 17 | % | $ | 1,048 | $ | 925 | 13 | % | ||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 53 | 60 | (12 | ) | 156 | 188 | (17 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 158 | 5 | - | 187 | 48 | 290 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 111 | 97 | 14 | 330 | 292 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||
Income taxes | 135 | 60 | 125 | 282 | 186 | 52 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 224 | $ | 99 | 126 | $ | 467 | $ | 307 | 52 | ||||||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio(1) | 16.65 | % | 23.49 | % | (29 | ) | 21.11 | % | 23.23 | % | (9 | ) | ||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 31,793 | $ | 30,318 | 5 | $ | 31,113 | $ | 30,219 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Average assets | 35,501 | 32,547 | 9 | 34,796 | 32,317 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 4,440 | 2,938 | 51 | 3,616 | 2,780 | 30 |
(1) | The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense, excluding a cost of capital charge on goodwill, divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income). |
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Net interest income was $365 million and $1,048 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $311 million and $925 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases in net interest income were substantially due to lower funding costs resulting from reduced interest rates and increased interest income on available-for-sale mortgage-backed securities. A major portion of these increases were offset by reduced interest income from multi-family loans held in portfolio as a result of the lower interest rate environment.
The increase in noninterest income was due to gains recognized from the sale of commercial mortgage-backed securities and nonrefundable fees received as consideration for swapping approximately $3.3 billion of multi-family loans with Freddie Mac and receiving a beneficial interest in those loans in the form of mortgage-backed securities.
Noninterest expense was $111 million and $330 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $97 million and $292 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases were primarily due to increased compensation and benefits expense as a result of higher multi-family loan volumes.
Total average assets increased to $35,501 million and $34,796 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with $32,547 million and $32,317 million for the same periods in 2002. A major portion of these increases were driven by higher multi-family loans and an increase in the available-for-sale mortgage-backed securities portfolio.
Corporate Support/Treasury and Other
Three Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Condensed income statement: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) | $ | (508 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | - | % | $ | (1,151 | ) | $ | 859 | - | % | |||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 1 | 9 | (89 | ) | 16 | 26 | (38 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Noninterest income (expense) | 596 | (159 | ) | - | 506 | (238 | ) | - | ||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense | 147 | 134 | 10 | 433 | 524 | (17 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | (22 | ) | (111 | ) | (80 | ) | (405 | ) | 26 | - | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (38 | ) | $ | (192 | ) | (80 | ) | $ | (689 | ) | $ | 45 | - | ||||||||
Performance and other data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Average loans | $ | 141 | $ | (22 | ) | - | $ | 105 | $ | 30 | 250 | |||||||||||
Average assets | 32,521 | 45,527 | (29 | ) | 37,907 | 64,615 | (41 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Average deposits | 6,655 | 3,239 | 105 | 5,650 | 5,000 | 13 |
Net interest expense was $508 million and $1,151 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with net interest expense of $1 million and net interest income of $859 million for the same periods in 2002. These decreases in net interest income were predominantly due to decreases in the average balances of available-for-sale securities resulting from sales of mortgage-backed and investment securities and prepayments of mortgage-backed securities that occurred from refinancing activity, and the negative impact of the funds transfer pricing process. These decreases were partially offset by a reduction in interest expense from borrowed funds, as a result of lower rates and higher average deposit balances, which reduced the need for these borrowings.
Noninterest income was $596 million and $506 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with noninterest expense of $159 million and $238 million for the same periods in 2002. These increases in noninterest income were primarily due to gains realized on the sale of available-for-sale securities.
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Operating Segment Realignment
At the end of September 2003, the Company announced a major realignment and the decision to place the mortgage and consumer banking businesses under one common management, and to place all commercial and specialty lending businesses under one common management. The Company is conducting a comprehensive review of all its businesses with a focus on realigning its operations and systems around these two customer groups – retail consumers and commercial clients.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the changes necessary to reflect this new structure for management reporting purposes. Those changes are expected to be reflected in the Company’s 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Asset Securitization
We transform loans into securities, which are sold to investors – a process known as securitization. Securitization involves the sale of loans to a qualifying special-purpose entity (“QSPE”), typically a trust. The QSPE, in turn, issues interest-bearing securities, commonly called asset-backed securities, that are secured by future collections on the sold loans. The QSPE sells securities to investors, which entitle the investors to receive specified cash flows during the term of the security. The QSPE uses proceeds from the sale of these securities to pay the Company for the loans sold to the QSPE. These QSPEs are not consolidated within our financial statements since they satisfy the criteria established by Statement No. 140,Accounting for the Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. In general, these criteria require the QSPE to be legally isolated from the transferor (the Company), be limited to permitted activities, and have defined limits on the assets it can hold and the permitted sales, exchanges or distributions of its assets.
When we sell or securitize loans, we generally retain the right to service the loans and may retain senior, subordinated, residual, and other interests, all of which are considered retained interests in the sold or securitized assets. Retained interests may provide credit enhancement to the investors and, absent the violation of representations and warranties, generally represent the Company’s maximum risk exposure associated with these transactions. Retained interests in the form of mortgage-backed securities were $4.18 billion at September 30, 2003, of which $4.04 billion have either a AAA credit rating or are agency insured. Additional information concerning securitization transactions is included in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – “Mortgage Banking Activities” of the Company’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Guarantees
The Company may incur liabilities under certain contractual agreements contingent upon the occurrence of certain events. A discussion of these contractual arrangements under which the Company may be held liable is included in Note 5 – “Guarantees” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Nonaccrual Loans, Foreclosed Assets and Restructured Loans
Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when they are 90 days or more past due or when the timely collection of the principal of the loan, in whole or in part, is not expected. Management’s classification of a loan as nonaccrual or restructured does not necessarily indicate that the principal of the loan is uncollectible in whole or in part.
Nonaccrual loans and foreclosed assets (“nonperforming assets”) and restructured loans consisted of the following:
September 30, 2003 | June 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
Nonperforming assets and restructured loans: | ||||||||||||
Nonaccrual loans: | ||||||||||||
Home loans | $ | 760 | $ | 804 | $ | 1,068 | ||||||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | 553 | 483 | 438 | |||||||||
Total home loan nonaccrual loans | 1,313 | 1,287 | 1,506 | |||||||||
Home construction loans: | ||||||||||||
Builder(1) | 31 | 31 | 42 | |||||||||
Custom(2) | 9 | 9 | 7 | |||||||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 45 | 49 | 36 | |||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 43 | 41 | 37 | |||||||||
Multi-family | 39 | 54 | 50 | |||||||||
Other real estate | 309 | 369 | 413 | |||||||||
Total nonaccrual loans secured by real estate | 1,789 | 1,840 | 2,091 | |||||||||
Consumer: | ||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 8 | 13 | 18 | |||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 67 | 64 | 69 | |||||||||
Commercial business | 56 | 79 | 79 | |||||||||
Total nonaccrual loans held in portfolio | 1,920 | 1,996 | 2,257 | |||||||||
Foreclosed assets | 304 | 317 | 336 | |||||||||
Total nonperforming assets | $ | 2,224 | $ | 2,313 | $ | 2,593 | ||||||
As a percentage of total assets | 0.78 | % | 0.82 | % | 0.97 | % | ||||||
Restructured loans | $ | 118 | $ | 89 | $ | 98 | ||||||
Total nonperforming assets and restructured loans | $ | 2,342 | $ | 2,402 | $ | 2,691 | ||||||
(1) | Represents loans to builders for the purpose of financing the acquisition, development and construction of single-family residences for sale. |
(2) | Represents construction loans made directly to the intended occupant of a single-family residence. |
Nonaccrual loans totaled $1,920 million at September 30, 2003, compared with $1,996 million at June 30, 2003 and $2,257 million at December 31, 2002. Improvements during the first nine months of 2003 were predominantly driven by declines in home loans and other real estate nonaccruals, partially offset by increases in purchased specialty mortgage finance nonaccruals. The decline in nonaccrual home loans was largely achieved through sales of nonperforming home loans.
The Company continues its program of selling packages of nonperforming loans that it holds in portfolio. During the third quarter of 2003, the Company completed sales that included $172 million of nonperforming
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loans. Year-to-date, the Company has sold $438 million of nonperforming loans that it held in portfolio, incurring $24 million in related charge-offs. We will periodically evaluate nonperforming loan sales as part of our ongoing portfolio management strategy.
Nonaccrual loans held for sale, which are excluded from the nonaccrual balances presented above, were $67 million, $73 million and $119 million at September 30, 2003, June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. Valuation changes on loans held for sale are reflected as gains or losses within gain from mortgage loans in noninterest income.
Purchased specialty mortgage finance nonaccrual loans totaled $553 million at September 30, 2003, up $70 million during the third quarter and $115 million from December 31, 2002 primarily reflecting growth and seasoning of this loan portfolio and a conforming change in the application of our nonaccrual policy to this portfolio.
Nonaccrual home equity loans and lines of credit totaled $88 million at September 30, 2003, a decrease of $2 million during the quarter and an increase of $15 million from December 31, 2002. However, the percentage of nonaccruals to total loans in this portfolio totaled 0.34% at September 30, 2003, down 0.06% from December 31, 2002.
At quarter end, other real estate loans on nonaccrual totaled $309 million, down from $369 million last quarter and $413 million at December 31, 2002. Much of the year-to-date improvement was due to reinstatements in the nonresidential commercial real estate portfolio as well as principal charge-offs and paydowns within the Company’s franchise-oriented finance business.
The multi-family portfolio continues to exhibit strong performance, with nonaccrual loans in this category representing 0.19% of total multi-family loans at September 30, 2003, compared with 0.28% at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
At September 30, 2003, foreclosed assets were $304 million, compared with $317 million at June 30, 2003 and $336 million at December 31, 2002. The Company’s foreclosed assets include home and commercial real estate as well as a small amount of personal property.
90 or More Days Past Due
The amount of loans held in portfolio which were 90 or more days contractually past due and still accruing interest was $62 million at September 30, 2003, compared with $47 million at June 30, 2003 and $60 million at December 31, 2002. The majority of these loans are either VA- or FHA-insured with little or no risk of loss of principal or interest.
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Provision and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,680 | $ | 1,665 | $ | 1,653 | $ | 1,404 | ||||||||
Allowance transferred to loans held for sale | - | (7 | ) | (3 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||
Allowance acquired through business combinations | - | - | - | 148 | ||||||||||||
Allowance for certain loan commitments | 17 | - | 17 | - | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 113 | 135 | 356 | 470 | ||||||||||||
1,810 | 1,793 | 2,023 | 2,008 | |||||||||||||
Loans charged off: | ||||||||||||||||
Loans secured by real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
Home loans | (22 | ) | (9 | ) | (46 | ) | (31 | ) | ||||||||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | (29 | ) | (25 | ) | ||||||||
Total home loan charge-offs | (31 | ) | (18 | ) | (75 | ) | (56 | ) | ||||||||
Home construction loans – builder | (1 | ) | - | (1 | ) | - | ||||||||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | (4 | ) | (3 | ) | (11 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||
Multi-family | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | (5 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Other real estate | (16 | ) | (11 | ) | (46 | ) | (53 | ) | ||||||||
Total loans secured by real estate | (57 | ) | (35 | ) | (140 | ) | (124 | ) | ||||||||
Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | (20 | ) | (15 | ) | (55 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | (43 | ) | (42 | ) | (128 | ) | (127 | ) | ||||||||
Commercial business | (19 | ) | (17 | ) | (64 | ) | (55 | ) | ||||||||
Total loans charged off | (139 | ) | (109 | ) | (387 | ) | (360 | ) | ||||||||
Recoveries of loans previously charged off: | ||||||||||||||||
Loans secured by real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
Home loans | 7 | 2 | 9 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Purchased specialty mortgage finance | 1 | - | 2 | - | ||||||||||||
Total home loan recoveries | 8 | 2 | 11 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Home equity loans and lines of credit: | ||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | - | - | - | 1 | ||||||||||||
Multi-family | - | 1 | - | 1 | ||||||||||||
Other real estate | 6 | 6 | 13 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Total loans secured by real estate | 14 | 9 | 24 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||
Banking subsidiaries | 5 | 3 | 11 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Washington Mutual Finance | 7 | 5 | 19 | 15 | ||||||||||||
Commercial business | 2 | 4 | 9 | 22 | ||||||||||||
Total recoveries of loans previously charged off | 28 | 21 | 63 | 57 | ||||||||||||
Net charge-offs | (111 | ) | (88 | ) | (324 | ) | (303 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,699 | $ | 1,705 | $ | 1,699 | $ | 1,705 | ||||||||
Net charge-offs (annualized) as a percentage of average loans held in portfolio | 0.28 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.28 | % | 0.28 | % | ||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of total loans held in portfolio | 1.03 | 1.15 | 1.03 | 1.15 |
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From the fourth quarter of 2001 through the third quarter of 2002, the Company provided for amounts significantly in excess of charge-offs reflecting risks associated with growth in nonaccrual loans and economic uncertainty. As the economy stabilizes and nonperforming loan levels continue to decrease, the Company is adjusting the provision to amounts approaching actual net charge-offs. The Company believes its portfolio is adequately reserved, and accordingly, decreased its third quarter 2003 provision to $113 million compared with $135 million during the same period in 2002. As a percentage of average loans, net charge-offs were 0.28% for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, compared with 0.24% and 0.28% for the same periods in 2002.
Net charge-offs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 were $111 million and $324 million compared with $88 million and $303 million for the same periods in 2002. While representing less than 2% of the Company’s assets, Washington Mutual Finance accounted for 34% of total net charge-offs during the first nine months of 2003. This higher level of charge-offs in a consumer finance operation, such as Washington Mutual Finance, is expected due to the higher risk profile of the customer base as reflected in the interest rates charged for these loans.
The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the Company’s loan and lease portfolios as of the balance sheet date. The estimation of the allowance is based on a variety of factors, including past loan loss experience, adverse situations that have occurred but are not yet known that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of underlying collateral and general economic conditions. The Company’s methodology for assessing the adequacy of the allowance includes the evaluation of three distinct elements: the formula allowance, the specific allowance (which includes the allowance for loans deemed to be impaired by Statement No. 114,Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan) and the unallocated allowance. The formula allowance and the specific allowance collectively represent the portion of the allowance for loan and lease losses that are allocated to the various loan portfolios.
Refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in our 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.
The objective of liquidity management is to ensure the Company has the continuing ability to maintain cash flows that are adequate to fund operations and meet obligations and other commitments on a timely and cost-effective basis. The Company establishes liquidity guidelines for its principal operating subsidiaries as well as for the parent holding company, Washington Mutual, Inc.
Banking Subsidiaries
The principal sources of liquidity for our banking subsidiaries are customer deposits, wholesale borrowings, the maturity and repayment of portfolio loans, securities held in our available-for-sale portfolio and mortgage loans designated as held for sale. Among these sources, transaction deposits and wholesale borrowings from FHLB advances and repurchase agreements continue to provide the Company with a significant source of stable funding. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, those sources funded 72% of average total assets. Our continuing ability to retain our transaction deposit base and to attract new deposits depends on various factors, such as customer service satisfaction levels and the competitiveness of interest rates offered on our deposit products. We expect to continue to have the necessary assets available to pledge as collateral to obtain FHLB advances and repurchase agreements to offset any potential declines in deposit balances.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company’s proceeds from the sales of loans held for sale were approximately $270.84 billion. These proceeds were, in turn, used as the primary funding source for the origination and purchases of approximately $273.66 billion of loans held for sale during the same period. As this cyclical pattern of sales and originations/purchases repeats itself during the course of a period, the amount of funding necessary to sustain our mortgage banking operations does not significantly affect the Company’s overall level of liquidity resources.
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To supplement our funding sources, our banking subsidiaries also raise funds in domestic and international capital markets. In August 2003, the Company established a new $20 billion Global Bank Note Program for Washington Mutual Bank, FA (“WMBFA”) and Washington Mutual Bank (“WMB”) to issue senior and subordinated notes in the United States and in international capital markets in a variety of currencies and structures. This program replaced the $15 billion program established in April 2001. Under this program, WMBFA will be allowed to issue up to $15 billion in notes, of which $5 billion can be issued as subordinated notes subject to regulatory approval. WMB will be allowed to issue up to $5 billion in senior notes. The maximum aggregate principal amount of notes with maturities greater than 270 days from the date of issue offered by WMBFA may not exceed $7.5 billion.
Washington Mutual, Inc. and Non-banking Subsidiaries
Liquidity for Washington Mutual, Inc. is generated through its ability to raise funds in various capital markets and through dividends from subsidiaries, commercial paper programs and lines of credit.
Washington Mutual, Inc.’s primary funding source during the first nine months of 2003 was from dividends paid by our banking subsidiaries. Although we expect Washington Mutual, Inc. to continue to receive banking subsidiary dividends during the fourth quarter of 2003, various regulatory requirements related to capital adequacy and retained earnings limit the amount of dividends that can be paid by our banking subsidiaries. For more information on dividend restrictions applicable to our banking subsidiaries, refer to the Company’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Business - Regulation and Supervision” and Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – “Regulatory Capital Requirements and Dividend Restrictions.”
In February 2003, Washington Mutual, Inc. filed a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register $2 billion of debt securities, preferred stock and depositary shares in the United States and in international capital markets in a variety of currencies and structures. The shelf registration statement was declared effective on April 15, 2003. At September 30, 2003, Washington Mutual, Inc. had $2 billion available under this shelf registration. Subsequently, in November 2003, Washington Mutual, Inc. issued $1.65 billion of fixed- and adjustable-rate debt securities. As a result, Washington Mutual, Inc. has $350 million available for issuance under this shelf registration statement.
In addition, in October 2003, Washington Mutual, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission an additional shelf registration statement under which Washington Mutual, Inc. will be permitted to issue in the United States and in international capital markets in a variety of currencies and structures up to $5 billion of debt securities, preferred stock and depositary shares. This registration statement became effective in November 2003.
Washington Mutual, Inc. and its non-banking subsidiaries also have various other credit facilities and agreements that are sources of liquidity, including a revolving credit facility totaling $800 million which provides back-up for certain commercial paper programs of Washington Mutual, Inc. and Washington Mutual Finance as well as funds for general corporate purposes. The borrowing capacity of the revolving credit facility is reduced by the amount of unsecured commercial paper outstanding. At September 30, 2003, there was $373 million available under this facility. Additionally, Washington Mutual Finance has agreements to participate in a $600 million asset-backed commercial paper conduit program. At September 30, 2003, the full amount of this program was outstanding. Long Beach Mortgage has revolving credit facilities with non-affiliated lenders totaling $1.5 billion that are used to fund loans held for sale. At September 30, 2003, Long Beach had borrowed $1.2 billion under these credit facilities.
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Reflecting the increases in loans held in portfolio and other assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets decreased from 7.48% at December 31, 2002 to 7.13% at September 30, 2003.
The regulatory capital ratios of WMBFA, WMB and Washington Mutual Bank fsb (“WMBfsb”) and the minimum regulatory ratios to be categorized as well-capitalized were as follows:
September 30, 2003 | Well-Capitalized Minimum | |||||||||||
WMBFA | WMB | WMBfsb | ||||||||||
Tier 1 capital to adjusted total assets (leverage) | 5.38 | % | 5.10 | % | 9.81 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||
Adjusted tier 1 capital to total risk-weighted assets | 8.95 | 8.63 | 15.63 | 6.00 | ||||||||
Total risk-based capital to total risk-weighted assets | 11.14 | 10.82 | 16.88 | 10.00 |
Our federal savings bank subsidiaries, WMBFA and WMBfsb, are also required by Office of Thrift Supervision regulations to maintain tangible capital of at least 1.50% of assets. WMBFA and WMBfsb both satisfied this requirement at September 30, 2003.
Our broker-dealer subsidiaries are also subject to capital requirements. At September 30, 2003, both of our broker-dealer subsidiaries were in compliance with their applicable capital requirements.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company repurchased 11.6 million and 37.2 million shares of our common stock at an average price of $39.25 and $38.45 per share as part of our share repurchase program. Effective July 15, 2003, the Company adopted a new share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors. Under the new program, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to 100 million shares of its common stock, as conditions warrant. This Program replaces the Company’s previous share repurchase program. From October 1, 2003 through October 31, 2003, the Company repurchased an additional 6.2 million shares. Management may engage in future share repurchases as liquidity conditions permit and market conditions warrant.
Market risk is defined as the sensitivity of income, fair market values and capital to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Substantially all of our interest rate risk arises from instruments, positions and transactions entered into for purposes other than trading. They include loans, MSR, securities, deposits, borrowings, long-term debt and derivative financial instruments.
We are exposed to different types of interest rate risks, including lag, repricing, basis, prepayment and lifetime cap risk. These risks are described in further detail within the “Market Risk Management” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We manage interest rate risk within an overall asset/liability management framework. The principal objective of our asset/liability management is to manage the sensitivity of net income to changing interest rates. Asset/liability management is governed by a policy reviewed and approved annually by our Board. The Board has delegated the oversight of the administration of this policy to the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.
Management of Interest Rate Risk
We manage our balance sheet to mitigate the impact of changes in market interest rates on net income and changes in the fair value of MSR. Key components of our balance sheet strategy include the origination and retention of short-term and adjustable-rate assets and certain hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage loans, the
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origination and sale of most fixed-rate mortgage loans, the management of our MSR and deposit and borrowing portfolios. We may also modify our interest rate risk profile with interest rate contracts, including embedded derivatives and forward commitments.
Overall, we believe our risk management program will minimize net income sensitivity under most interest rate environments. However, the success of this program is dependent on the judgments we make regarding the direction and timing of changes in interest rates and the amount and mix of risk management instruments that we believe are appropriate to manage our interest rate risk. Our net income could be adversely affected if we are unable to effectively implement, execute or manage this strategy.
Asset/Liability Risk Management
The interest rate contracts that are classified as asset/liability risk management instruments are intended to assist in the management of our net interest income. These contracts are often used to modify the repricing period of our interest-bearing funding with the intention of reducing the volatility of changes in net interest income. The types of contracts used for this purpose consist of interest rate swaps, interest rate corridors, payor swaptions and certain derivatives that are embedded in borrowings. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts totaled $31.61 billion at September 30, 2003.
The pay-fixed swaps, interest rate corridors, payor swaptions and embedded pay-fixed swaps, caps and payor swaptions are intended to assist in reducing the sensitivity of the net interest margin to changes in interest rates. The payor swaptions and embedded payor swaptions are exercisable upon maturity in September 2005 and February 2004. None of the interest rate corridors had strike rates that were in the money at September 30, 2003. We also use receive-fixed swaps as part of our asset/liability risk management strategy to help us modify the repricing characteristics of certain long-term liabilities to match those of our assets. Typically, these are swaps of long-term fixed-rate debt to a short-term adjustable-rate which more closely resembles our asset repricing characteristics.
MSR Risk Management
As part of our overall approach to interest rate risk management, we manage potential impairment in the fair value of MSR and increased amortization levels of MSR by a comprehensive risk management program. Our intent is to offset the changes in fair value and higher amortization levels of MSR with changes in the fair value of risk management instruments. The risk management instruments include interest rate contracts, forward purchase commitments and available-for-sale securities. The goal is to offset decreases (increases) in the fair value of MSR with increases (decreases) in the fair value of the forward purchase commitments, interest rate contracts and available-for-sale securities.
The available-for-sale securities generally consist of fixed-rate debt securities, such as U.S. Government and agency bonds and mortgage-backed securities, including principal-only strips. The interest rate contracts typically consist of interest rate swaps and swaptions and interest rate floors. From time to time, we may choose to embed interest rate contracts into our borrowing instruments, such as repurchase agreements. The forward purchase commitments generally consist of agreements to purchase 15- and 30-year fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities.
As derivatives, the interest rate swaps, swaptions, stand alone interest rate floors and forward commitments receive mark-to-market accounting treatment. Changes in the fair value of instruments that manage MSR fair value changes are recorded as components of noninterest income.
We adjust the mix of instruments used to manage MSR fair value changes as interest rates and market conditions warrant. The intent is to maintain an efficient and fairly liquid mix as well as a diverse portfolio of risk management instruments with broad maturity ranges. We may elect to increase or decrease our concentration of specific instruments during certain times based on market conditions. We believe this approach will result in
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the most efficient strategy. However, our net income could be adversely affected if we are unable to effectively implement, execute or manage this strategy.
The mix of instruments is predicated, in part, on the requirement of lower of cost or market accounting treatment for MSR, whereby each MSR stratum is recorded at its fair value unless the fair value exceeds the amortized cost. This could result in increases in the fair value of MSR that are not marked-to-market through earnings. Therefore, management may elect to decrease the emphasis on risk management instruments accorded mark-to-market accounting treatment in periods in which the fair value of MSR significantly exceeds its amortized cost.
We also manage the size and risk profile of the MSR asset. Depending on market conditions and our desire to expand customer relationships, we may periodically sell or purchase servicing rights. We also may structure loan sales to reduce the size of the MSR asset.
Other Mortgage Banking Risk Management
We also manage the risks associated with our mortgage warehouse and pipeline. The mortgage warehouse consists of fixed-rate and, to a lesser degree, adjustable-rate home loans to be sold in the secondary market. The pipeline consists of commitments to originate or purchase fixed-rate and, to a lesser degree, adjustable-rate home loans to be sold in the secondary market. The risk associated with the mortgage pipeline and warehouse is the potential change in interest rates between the time the customer locks in the rate on the loan and the time the loan is sold. Generally, loans held for sale are sold within 60 to 120 days after the initial recognition of the rate lock commitment.
To manage the warehouse and pipeline risks, we execute forward sales commitments, interest-rate contracts, mortgage option contracts and interest rate futures. A forward sales commitment protects us in a rising interest rate environment, since the sales price and delivery date are already established. A forward sales commitment is different, however, from an option contract in that we are obligated to deliver the loan to the third party on the agreed-upon future date. We also consider the fallout factor, which represents the percentage of loans that are not expected to close, when determining the appropriate amount of forward sales commitments.
During the third quarter we enhanced the risk management of the expected servicing component of the warehouse and pipeline. This contributed to a change in the instruments used for other mortgage banking risk management. The risk management instruments utilized include forward commitments and interest-rate contracts. The goal is identical to the MSR risk management program, which is to offset decreases (increases) in the fair value of the MSR servicing component with the increases (decreases) in the fair value of the risk management instruments.
September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 Sensitivity Comparison
To analyze net income sensitivity, we project net income over a twelve month horizon based on parallel shifts in the yield curve. Management employs other analyses and interest rate scenarios to evaluate interest rate risk. For example, we project net income and net interest income under a variety of interest rate scenarios, including immediate parallel shifts in the yield curve, non-parallel shifts in the yield curve and more extreme non-parallel rising and falling interest rate environments. These additional scenarios also address the risk exposure over longer periods of time. They also capture the net income and net interest income sensitivity due to changes in the slope of the yield curve and changes in the spread between Treasury and LIBOR rates. The Company’s net income and net interest income sensitivity analysis methodologies are described in further detail within the “Market Risk Management” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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The table below indicates the sensitivity of net income and net interest income to interest rate movements. The comparative scenarios assume a parallel shift in the yield curve with interest rates rising 200 basis points in even quarterly increments over the twelve month periods ending September 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003 and interest rates decreasing by 50 basis points in even quarterly increments over the first six months of the twelve month periods.
Gradual Change in Rates | ||||||
-50 basis points | +200 basis points | |||||
Net income change for the one-year period beginning: | ||||||
October 1, 2003 | 0.40 | % | (5.96 | )% | ||
January 1, 2003 | 5.11 | 3.90 | ||||
Net interest income change for the one-year period beginning: | ||||||
October 1, 2003 | 0.51 | (7.17 | ) | |||
January 1, 2003 | 2.11 | (5.71 | ) |
The projected increase in net income in the -50 basis point scenario in the October 1 analysis was less than in the January 1 analysis due to a reduction in the anticipated increase in net interest income as well as a decrease in projected income resulting from changes in the fair value of the MSR and the MSR risk management instruments. MSR impairment was mostly offset by changes in the fair value of the MSR risk management instruments in the October 1 projection whereas changes in the fair value of the MSR risk management instruments exceeded the MSR impairment in the January 1 projection. The projected change in MSR income was due to changes in the profile of the MSR and the composition of the MSR risk management portfolio. The change in net interest income was due to modest decreases in the expansion of the net interest margin and increased balance sheet shrinkage.
The change in the net income sensitivity in the +200 basis point environment was due to an increase in the deterioration in net interest income as well as a decrease in projected income resulting from changes in the fair value of the MSR and the MSR risk management instruments. The recovery of MSR valuation reserves was mostly offset by changes in the fair value of the MSR risk management instruments in the October 1 projection whereas changes in the recovery of the MSR valuation reserves exceeded changes in the fair value of the MSR risk management instruments in the January 1 projection. The projected change in MSR income was due to changes in the profile of the MSR and the composition of the MSR risk management portfolio. Net interest income deteriorated from the levels in the January 1, 2003 analysis in the +200 basis point scenario mainly due to reductions in interest-earning assets. The reduction in interest-earning assets was mainly due to the projected decline in the loans held for sale balances.
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Maturity and Repricing Information
We use interest rate risk management contracts and available-for-sale securities as tools to manage our interest rate risk profile. The following tables summarize the key contractual terms associated with these contracts and available-for-sale securities. Interest rate risk management contracts that are embedded within certain adjustable- and fixed-rate borrowings, while not accounted for as derivatives under Statement No. 133, have been included in the tables since they also function as interest rate risk management tools. Substantially all of the pay-fixed swaps, receive-fixed swaps, payor swaptions, receiver swaptions, floors and embedded derivatives at September 30, 2003 are indexed to three-month LIBOR.
The following estimated net fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies:
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Range | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Fair Value | Total Notional Amount | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | After 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Risk Management Contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset/Liability Risk Management | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed swaps: | $ | (953 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 22,158 | $ | 902 | $ | 8,834 | $ | 3,169 | $ | 4,708 | $ | 3,700 | $ | 845 | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 4.28 | % | 3.03 | % | 4.03 | % | 4.10 | % | 4.39 | % | 5.02 | % | 4.87 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 1.14 | % | 1.12 | % | 1.13 | % | 1.13 | % | 1.18 | % | 1.12 | % | 1.12 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed swaps: | 521 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 5,570 | $ | 530 | $ | 200 | $ | 530 | $ | 1,000 | - | $ | 3,310 | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 1.08 | % | 1.01 | % | 1.33 | % | 0.71 | % | 1.13 | % | - | 1.11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 5.79 | % | 5.09 | % | 6.75 | % | 5.37 | % | 6.81 | % | - | 5.61 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate corridors: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 344 | $ | 90 | $ | 191 | $ | 63 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate – | 7.86 | % | 8.63 | % | 8.14 | % | 5.94 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate – | 9.12 | % | 9.50 | % | 9.48 | % | 7.44 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Payor swaptions(1): | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 41 | - | - | $ | 41 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 5.89 | % | - | - | 5.89 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5.89 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded pay-fixed swaps: | (130 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 2,500 | - | - | - | - | $ | 2,500 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 4.09 | % | - | - | - | - | 4.09 | % | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 1.11 | % | - | - | - | - | 1.11 | % | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded caps: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 500 | - | $ | 500 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 7.75 | % | - | 7.75 | % | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded payor swaptions(1): | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 500 | - | $ | 500 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.21 | % | - | 6.21 | % | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.21 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total asset/liability risk management | $ | (561 | ) | $ | 31,613 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Interest rate swaptions are only exercisable upon maturity. |
(This table is continued on the next page.)
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(Continued from the previous page.)
September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Range | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Fair Value | Total Notional Amount | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | After 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Risk Management Contracts: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Mortgage Banking Risk Management | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward purchase commitments: | $ | 415 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 26,777 | $ | 26,777 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 100.76 | 100.76 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward sales commitments: | (1,377 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 57,804 | $ | 57,804 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 100.74 | 100.74 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate futures: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 120 | $ | 21 | $ | 54 | $ | 32 | $ | 12 | $ | 1 | - | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 97.95 | 98.86 | 98.54 | 97.14 | 96.14 | 95.47 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage put options: | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 5,890 | $ | 5,890 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike price | 98.14 | 98.14 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed swaps: | 121 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 2,550 | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 2,550 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 1.14 | % | - | - | - | - | - | 1.14 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 4.90 | % | - | - | - | - | - | 4.90 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Floors(2): | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 250 | - | - | $ | 250 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 1.56 | % | - | - | 1.56 | % | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Payor swaptions: | 50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 2,850 | - | $ | 1,050 | $ | 1,800 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.39 | % | - | 5.94 | % | 6.65 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 2,850 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.39 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Receiver swaptions: | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 500 | - | $ | 500 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 5.09 | % | - | 5.09 | % | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 500 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5.09 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total other mortgage banking risk management | $ | (761 | ) | $ | 96,741 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2) | At September 30, 2003, none of these floors were effective. These contracts will become effective during December 2003. |
(This table is continued on the next page.)
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(Continued from the previous page.)
September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Range | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Fair Value | Total Notional Amount | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | After 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Risk Management Contracts: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MSR Risk Management | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed swaps: | $ | 467 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 24,627 | - | $ | 243 | $ | 8,100 | $ | 200 | - | $ | 16,084 | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 1.13 | % | - | 1.11 | % | 1.12 | % | 1.14 | % | - | 1.13 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 3.75 | % | - | 5.34 | % | 1.96 | % | 5.20 | % | - | 4.61 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Constant maturity mortgage swaps: | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 100 | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 4.76 | % | - | - | - | - | - | 4.76 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 6.08 | % | - | - | - | - | - | 6.08 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Floors(3): | 171 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 4,600 | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 4,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 3.18 | % | - | - | - | - | - | 3.18 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Payor swaptions: | 93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 8,000 | - | $ | 2,500 | $ | 5,500 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.93 | % | - | 6.40 | % | 7.18 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 8,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.93 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Forward purchase commitments: | 344 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 11,460 | $ | 11,460 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 97.09 | 97.09 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total MSR risk management | $ | 1,076 | $ | 48,787 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest rate risk management contracts | $ | (246 | ) | $ | 177,141 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(3) | At September 30, 2003, none of these floors were effective. These contracts will become effective during January 2004. |
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Net Unrealized Gain/Loss | Fair Value | ||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||
Available-For-Sale Securities: | ||||||||||
MSR Risk Management | ||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities(4): | ||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | $ | 549 | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 542 | |||
Investment securities(4): | ||||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | 6,281 | (34 | ) | 6,247 | ||||||
Total MSR risk management | $ | 6,830 | $ | (41 | ) | $ | 6,789 | |||
(4) | Mortgage-backed securities and investment securities mature after 2007. |
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December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Range | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Fair Value | Total Notional Amount | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | After 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Risk Management Contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset/Liability Risk Management | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed swaps: | $ | (1,143 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 29,742 | $ | 8,416 | $ | 8,834 | $ | 3,210 | $ | 4,709 | $ | 3,700 | $ | 873 | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 3.92 | % | 2.92 | % | 4.03 | % | 4.09 | % | 4.39 | % | 5.02 | % | 4.68 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 1.56 | % | 1.56 | % | 1.53 | % | 1.57 | % | 1.58 | % | 1.66 | % | 1.37 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed swaps: | 591 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 5,905 | $ | 825 | $ | 200 | $ | 530 | $ | 1,000 | - | $ | 3,350 | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 1.39 | % | 1.21 | % | 1.65 | % | 0.90 | % | 1.40 | % | - | 1.49 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 5.81 | % | 5.40 | % | 6.75 | % | 5.37 | % | 6.81 | % | - | 5.62 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate caps: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 181 | $ | 181 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 7.13 | % | 7.13 | % | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate corridors: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 345 | $ | 90 | $ | 191 | $ | 64 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate – long cap | 7.86 | % | 8.63 | % | 8.14 | % | 5.94 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate – short cap | 9.11 | % | 9.50 | % | 9.48 | % | 7.44 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Payor swaptions(1): | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 5,000 | $ | 5,000 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.12 | % | 6.12 | % | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | $ | 1,000 | $ | 750 | $ | 3,250 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | - | - | - | - | 6.05 | % | 6.26 | % | 6.11 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded pay-fixed swaps: | (207 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 2,750 | - | - | - | - | $ | 2,750 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 4.73 | % | - | - | - | - | 4.73 | % | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 1.74 | % | - | - | - | - | 1.74 | % | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded caps: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 641 | $ | 141 | $ | 500 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 7.64 | % | 7.25 | % | 7.75 | % | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded payor swaptions(1) : | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 6,400 | $ | 5,900 | $ | 500 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.14 | % | 6.13 | % | 6.21 | % | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | $ | 3,750 | - | $ | 2,650 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | - | - | - | - | 5.99 | % | - | 6.34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total asset/liability risk management | $ | (755 | ) | $ | 50,964 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Interest rate swaptions are only exercisable upon maturity. |
(This table is continued on the next page.)
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(Continued from the previous page.)
December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Range | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Fair Value | Total Notional Amount | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | After 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Risk Management Contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Mortgage Banking Risk Management | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward purchase commitments: | $ | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 10,193 | $ | 10,193 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 102.38 | 102.38 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward sales commitments: | (662 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 41,238 | $ | 41,238 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 102.34 | 102.34 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage put options: | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 7,150 | $ | 7,150 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike price | 99.28 | 99.28 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total other mortgage banking risk management | $ | (554 | ) | $ | 58,581 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MSR Risk Management | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed swaps: | $ | (50 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 2,903 | - | - | - | - | $ | 1,950 | $ | 953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 3.77 | % | - | - | - | - | 3.41 | % | 4.52 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 1.41 | % | - | - | - | - | 1.40 | % | 1.42 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed swaps: | 2,176 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 17,915 | - | $ | 561 | $ | 500 | $ | 700 | $ | 1,250 | $ | 14,904 | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average pay rate | 1.57 | % | - | 1.80 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.42 | % | 1.50 | % | 1.58 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | 5.65 | % | - | 4.35 | % | 4.54 | % | 5.31 | % | 4.33 | % | 5.86 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Floors(2): | 249 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 3,900 | - | - | - | - | $ | 3,900 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.09 | % | - | - | - | - | 6.09 | % | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Receiver swaptions: | 415 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (option) | $ | 4,000 | $ | 300 | $ | 800 | $ | 2,900 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average strike rate | 6.21 | % | 5.42 | % | 5.73 | % | 6.43 | % | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity (swap) | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | 4,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average receive rate | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.21 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward purchase commitments: | 236 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual maturity | $ | 13,250 | $ | 13,250 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average price | 100.35 | 100.35 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total MSR risk management | $ | 3,026 | $ | 41,968 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest rate risk management contracts | $ | 1,717 | $ | 151,513 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2) | At December 31, 2002, none of these floors were effective. These contracts became effective during May and July 2003. |
December 31, 2002 | |||||||||
Amortized Cost | Net Unrealized Gain/Loss | Fair Value | |||||||
(dollars in millions) | |||||||||
Available-For-Sale Securities: | |||||||||
MSR Risk Management | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities(3): | |||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | $ | 583 | $ | 20 | $ | 603 | |||
Investment securities(3): | |||||||||
U.S. Government and agency | 7,268 | 212 | 7,480 | ||||||
Total MSR risk management | $ | 7,851 | $ | 232 | $ | 8,083 | |||
(3) | Mortgage-backed securities and investment securities mature after 2007. |
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Derivative Counterparty Credit Risk
Derivative financial instruments expose the Company to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to such agreements. This risk consists primarily of the termination value of agreements where the company is in a favorable position. Credit risk related to derivative financial instruments is considered and provided for separately from the allowance for loan and lease losses. The Company manages the credit risk associated with its various derivative agreements through counterparty credit review, counterparty exposure limits and monitoring procedures. With the exception of forward purchase and sales commitments, the Company obtains collateral from the counterparties for amounts in excess of the exposure limits and monitors its exposure and collateral requirements on a daily basis. The fair value of collateral received from a counterparty is continually monitored and the Company may request additional collateral from counterparties or return collateral pledged as deemed appropriate. The Company’s agreements generally include master netting agreements whereby the counterparties are entitled to settle their positions “net.” At September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the Company’s credit risk related to derivative financial instruments, net of the effects of collateral and master netting agreements, was $430 million and $780 million.
Gap Report
A historical view of interest rate sensitivity for savings institutions is the gap report, which indicates the difference between assets maturing or repricing within a period and total liabilities maturing or repricing within the same period. In assigning assets to maturity and repricing categories, we consider expected prepayment speeds and amortization of principal rather than contractual maturities. The analysis excludes reinvestment of cash. Prepayment assumptions are based on internal projections based on an analysis of market prepayment estimates and past experience with our current loan and mortgage-backed securities portfolios. The majority of our transaction deposits are not contractually subject to repricing. Therefore, these instruments have been allocated based on expected decay rates and/or repricing intervals. Certain transaction deposits that reprice based on a market index or which typically have frequent repricing intervals are allocated to the repricing or maturity buckets based on the expected repricing period. Non-rate sensitive items such as the reserve for loan losses, mark-to-market adjustments, premiums and discounts and deferred loan fees/costs are not included in the table. Loans held for sale are included in the 0-3 months category. In addition, MSR interest rate risk management contracts are excluded from the analysis.
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The gap information is limited by the fact that it is a point-in-time analysis. The data reflects conditions and assumptions as of September 30, 2003. These conditions and assumptions may not be appropriate at another point in time. The analysis is also subject to the accuracy of various assumptions used, particularly the prepayment and decay rate projections, the expected repricing period of certain deposits and the allocation of instruments with optionality to a specific maturity category, especially interest rate contracts. Consequently, the interpretation of the gap information is subjective.
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Projected Repricing | ||||||||||||||||||||
0-3 months | 4-12 months | 1-5 years | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Sensitive Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustable-rate loans(1) | $ | 87,898 | $ | 24,930 | $ | 28,755 | $ | 175 | $ | 141,758 | ||||||||||
Fixed-rate loans(1) | 25,923 | 6,923 | 13,607 | 3,271 | 49,724 | |||||||||||||||
Adjustable-rate securities(1)(2) | 15,553 | 134 | - | - | 15,687 | |||||||||||||||
Fixed-rate securities(1) | 1,347 | 763 | 11,902 | 11,092 | 25,104 | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | 5,823 | - | - | - | 5,823 | |||||||||||||||
Derivatives matched against assets | 516 | - | (154 | ) | (362 | ) | - | |||||||||||||
$ | 137,060 | $ | 32,750 | $ | 54,110 | $ | 14,176 | $ | 238,096 | |||||||||||
Interest-Sensitive Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits(3) | $ | 1,429 | $ | 6,362 | $ | 19,500 | $ | 11,906 | $ | 39,197 | ||||||||||
Interest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts and money market deposit accounts(3) | 23,081 | 15,242 | 35,481 | 20,350 | 94,154 | |||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing time deposit accounts | 9,583 | 10,541 | 9,520 | 1,145 | 30,789 | |||||||||||||||
Short-term and adjustable-rate borrowings | 64,072 | 968 | 52 | 257 | 65,349 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term fixed-rate borrowings | 1,420 | 2,371 | 8,184 | 5,037 | 17,012 | |||||||||||||||
Derivatives matched against liabilities | (23,770 | ) | 5,608 | 15,152 | 3,010 | - | ||||||||||||||
$ | 75,815 | $ | 41,092 | $ | 87,889 | $ | 41,705 | $ | 246,501 | |||||||||||
Repricing gap | $ | 61,245 | $ | (8,342 | ) | $ | (33,779 | ) | $ | (27,529 | ) | $ | (8,405 | ) | ||||||
Cumulative gap | $ | 61,245 | $ | 52,903 | $ | 19,124 | $ | (8,405 | ) | $ | (8,405 | ) | ||||||||
Cumulative gap as a percentage of total assets | 21.37 | % | 18.46 | % | 6.67 | % | (2.93 | )% | (2.93 | )% | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 286,631 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Based on scheduled maturity or scheduled repricing and estimated prepayments of principal. |
(2) | Includes investment in FHLBs. |
(3) | Based on projected decay rates and/or repricing periods for checking, savings and money market deposit accounts. |
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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
See Index of Exhibits on page 61.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
1. The Company filed a report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2003, under Item 9. The report included a press release reporting Washington Mutual’s results of operations for the second quarter ended June 30, 2003.
2. The Company filed a report on Form 8-K dated September 9, 2003, under Item 9. The report included a presentation given by Kerry K. Killinger, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Washington Mutual, Inc. at the Lehman Brothers 2003 Financial Services Conference.
3. The Company filed a report on Form 8-K dated September 9, 2003, under Item 9. The report included a transcript of the Lehman Brothers 2003 Financial Services Conference presented by Kerry K. Killinger, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Washington Mutual, Inc.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on November13, 2003.
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC. | ||
By: | /s/ THOMAS W. CASEY | |
Thomas W. Casey Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
By: | /s/ ROBERT H. MILES | |
Robert H. Miles Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) |
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Table of Contents
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. | ||
3.1 | Restated Articles of Incorporation of Washington Mutual, Inc., as amended. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. File No. 0-25188). | |
3.2 | Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Washington Mutual, Inc. creating a class of preferred stock, Series RP. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000. File No. 001-14667). | |
3.3 | Restated Bylaws of Washington Mutual, Inc., as amended (filed herewith). | |
4.1 | Rights Agreement dated December 20, 2000 between Washington Mutual, Inc. and Mellon Investor Services, LLC (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 8, 2001. File No. 0-25188). | |
4.2 | Washington Mutual, Inc. will furnish upon request copies of all instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt instruments of Washington Mutual, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. | |
4.3 | Warrant Agreement dated as of April 30, 2001. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3. File No. 333-63976). | |
4.4 | 2003 Amended and Restated Warrant Agreement, dated March 11, 2003 by and between Washington Mutual, Inc. and Mellon Investor Services LLC. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated March 12, 2003. File No. 001-14667). | |
10.1 | Executive Separation and Release Agreement, (filed herewith). | |
31.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith). | |
31.2 | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith). | |
32.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith). | |
32.2 | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith). | |
99.1 | Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges (filed herewith). | |
99.2 | Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends (filed herewith). |
61