VolitionRx Limited (VNRX) 10-K 25 Mar 24 2023 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover

Cover - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 15, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	VOLITIONRX LIMITED
Entity Central Index Key	0000093314
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well Known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Entity Common Stock Shares Outstanding		82,068,442
Entity Public Float			$ 82,181,507
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Fin Stmt Error Correction Flag	false
Entity File Number	001-36833
Entity Incorporation State Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	91-1949078
Entity Address Address Line 1	1489 West Warm Springs Road
Entity Address Address Line 2	Suite 110
Entity Address City Or Town	Henderson
Entity Address State Or Province	NV
Entity Address Postal Zip Code	89014
City Area Code	646
Icfr Auditor Attestation Flag	false
Auditor Name	Sadler, Gibb & Associates, LLC
Auditor Firm Id	3627
Local Phone Number	650–1351
Security 12b Title	Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Trading Symbol	VNRX
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Auditor Location	Draper, UT

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 20,729,983	$ 10,867,050
Accounts receivable	242,617	72,609
Prepaid expenses	521,370	784,920
Other current assets	360,125	447,566
Total Current Assets	21,854,095	12,172,145
Property and equipment, net	5,523,013	5,393,012
Operating lease right-of-use assets	549,504	619,392
Intangible assets, net	23,886	110,505
Total Assets	27,950,498	18,295,054
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	3,211,287	3,043,008
Accrued liabilities	3,928,761	2,872,247
Deferred revenue	23,000,000	10,000,000
Management and directors' fees payable	59,625	71,119
Current portion of long-term debt	1,207,007	1,066,700
Warrant liability	126,649	0
Current portion of financing lease liabilities	48,570	46,014
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	199,323	245,163
Current portion of grant repayable	55,855	41,836
Total Current Liabilities	31,837,077	17,386,087
Long-term debt, net of current portion	3,624,860	2,779,240
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion	400,022	436,132
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	378,054	400,091
Grant repayable, net of current portion	422,707	420,466
Total Liabilities	36,662,720	21,422,016
Stockholders' Deficit
Common stock Authorized: 100,000,000 shares of common stock, at $0.001 par value Issued and outstanding: 81,898,321 shares and 57,873,379 shares, respectively	81,898	57,873
Additional paid-in capital	194,448,414	164,397,468
Accumulated other comprehensive income	243,940	227,097
Accumulated deficit	(202,576,507)	(167,257,429)
Total VolitionRx Limited Stockholders' Deficit	(7,802,255)	(2,574,991)
Non-controlling interest	(909,967)	(551,971)
Total Stockholders' Deficit	(8,712,222)	(3,126,962)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit	$ 27,950,498	$ 18,295,054

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares Par Value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common Stock, Shares Issued	81,898,321	57,873,379
Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	81,898,321	57,873,379

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenues
Royalty	$ 1,369	$ 2,911
Service	175,476	92,488
Product	598,457	210,993
Total Revenues	775,302	306,392
Operating Expenses
Research and development	19,551,523	15,332,989
General and administrative	10,368,314	10,177,229
Sales and marketing	6,843,160	6,576,246
Total Operating Expenses	36,762,997	32,086,464
Operating Loss	(35,987,695)	(31,780,072)
Other Income (Expenses)
Grant income	214,451	1,229,425
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	(15,843)	0
Interest income	93,324	125,265
Interest expense	(221,622)	(173,087)
Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability	240,311	0
Total Other Income	310,621	1,181,603
Net Loss	(35,677,074)	(30,598,469)
Net Loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interest	357,996	329,676
Net Loss attributable to VolitionRx Limited Stockholders	(35,319,078)	(30,268,793)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	16,843	78,771
Net Comprehensive Loss	$ (35,660,231)	$ (30,519,698)
Net Loss Per Share - Basic and Diluted attributable to VolitionRx Limited Stockholders	$ (0.50)	$ (0.55)
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding
- Basic and Diluted	71,234,565	55,350,401

Consolidated Statement of Stock

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders Deficit - USD ($)	Total	Common stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	Noncontrolling Interest
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021		53,772,261
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 17,722,105	$ 53,772	$ 154,730,938	$ 148,326	$ (136,988,636)	$ (222,295)
Common stock issued for settlement of RSUs, shares		297,289
Common stock issued for settlement of RSUs, amount	0	$ 297	(297)	0	0	0
Common stock issued in public offerings, net, shares		3,803,829
Common stock issued in public offerings, net, amount	6,736,444	$ 3,804	6,732,640	0	0	0
Tax withholdings paid related to stock-based compensation	(180,472)	0	(180,472)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation	3,114,659	0	3,114,659	0	0	0
Foreign currency translation	78,771	0	0	78,771	0	0
Net loss	(30,598,469)	$ 0	0	0	(30,268,793)	(329,676)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022		57,873,379
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2022	(3,126,962)	$ 57,873	164,397,468	227,097	(167,257,429)	(551,971)
Common stock issued for settlement of RSUs, shares		658,102
Common stock issued for settlement of RSUs, amount	0	$ 658	(658)	0	0	0
Tax withholdings paid related to stock-based compensation	(203,878)	0	(203,878)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation	2,289,545	0	2,289,545	0	0	0
Foreign currency translation	16,843	0	0	16,843	0	0
Net loss	(35,677,074)	$ 0	0	0	(35,319,078)	(357,996)
Common stock issued for cash, net of issuance costs and allocation to warrant liability, shares		23,380,134
Common stock issued for cash, net of issuance costs and allocation to warrant liability, amount	28,021,076	$ 23,380	27,997,696	0	0	0
Common stock repurchased and retired, shares		13,294
Common stock repurchased and retired, amount	(31,772)	$ (13)	(31,759)	0	0	0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2023		81,898,321
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2023	$ (8,712,222)	$ 81,898	$ 194,448,414	$ 243,940	$ (202,576,507)	$ (909,967)

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Activities:
Net loss	$ (35,677,074)	$ (30,598,469)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,152,534	936,084
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets	260,743	253,864
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	15,843	0
Stock-based compensation	2,289,545	3,114,659
Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability	(240,311)	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(169,666)	(72,609)
Prepaid expenses	263,550	433,995
Other current assets	87,441	351,514
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	1,224,743	548,611
Deferred revenue	13,000,000	9,987,488
Management and directors' fees payable	(11,494)	(184)
Operating lease liabilities	(258,853)	(232,695)
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities	(18,062,999)	(15,277,742)
Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(1,083,749)	(1,570,182)
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities	(1,083,749)	(1,570,182)
Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of common shares	28,388,036	6,736,444
Tax withholdings paid related to stock-based compensation	(203,878)	(180,472)
Common stock repurchased	(31,772)	0
Proceeds from grants repayable	25,315	218,445
Proceeds from long-term debt	1,854,877	1,523,098
Payments on long-term debt	(981,291)	(1,268,386)
Payments on grants repayable	(22,096)	(45,664)
Payments on financing leases	(46,506)	(45,433)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities	28,982,685	6,938,032
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents	26,996	195,629
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents	9,862,933	(9,714,263)
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning of Year	10,867,050	20,581,313
Cash and Cash Equivalents - End of Year	20,729,983	10,867,050
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Interest paid	221,622	173,110
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Common Stock issued for settlement of vested RSUs	658	297
Offering costs from issuance of common stock	392,822	427,443
Fair value of warrants issued in connection with public offering at issuance	366,960	0
Non-cash note payable	$ 356,258	$ 620,549

Organization and Nature of Oper

Organization and Nature of Operations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization and Nature of Operations
Nature of Operations	Note 1 – Organization and Nature of Operations The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on September 24, 1998. On September 22, 2011, the Company filed a Certificate for Renewal and Revival of Charter with the Secretary of State of Delaware. Pursuant to Section 312(1) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Company was revived under the new name of “VolitionRX Limited” and the name change became effective on October 11, 2011. On October 7, 2016, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation to reflect a name change to “VolitionRx Limited.” On October 6, 2011, the Company entered into a share exchange agreement with Singapore Volition Pte. Limited, a Singapore corporation incorporated on August 5, 2010 (“Singapore Volition”), and the shareholders of Singapore Volition. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreement, the former shareholders of Singapore Volition held 85% of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company. The issuance was deemed to be a reverse acquisition for accounting purposes and as such, Singapore Volition is regarded as the predecessor of the Company. The number of shares outstanding and per share amounts of the Company have been restated to recognize the foregoing recapitalization. The Company’s principal business objective through its subsidiaries is to develop and bring to market simple, easy to use, cost effective blood tests designed to help diagnose and monitor a range of life-altering diseases, including certain cancers and diseases associated with NETosis such as sepsis and COVID-19. The tests are based on the science of Nucleosomics TM

Liquidity and Going Concern Ass

Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment
Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment	No te 2 – Liquidity and Go ing Concern Assessment Management assesses liquidity and going concern uncertainty in the Company’s consolidated financial statements to determine whether there is sufficient cash on hand and working capital, including available borrowings on loans, to operate for a period of at least one year from the date the consolidated financial statements are issued or available to be issued, which is referred to as the “look-forward period”, as defined in GAAP. As part of this assessment, based on conditions that are known and reasonably knowable to management, management will consider various scenarios, forecasts, projections, estimates and will make certain key assumptions, including the timing and nature of projected cash expenditures or programs, its ability to delay or curtail expenditures or programs and its ability to raise additional capital, if necessary, among other factors. Based on this assessment, as necessary or applicable, management makes certain assumptions around implementing curtailments or delays in the nature and timing of programs and expenditures to the extent it deems probable those implementations can be achieved and management has the proper authority to execute them within the look-forward period. The Company has incurred substantial losses since its inception of $202.6 million, has negative cash flows from operations, and has minimal revenues and expects to continue to incur operating losses in the near-term. These factors raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The Company believes that it has access to capital resources through possible public or private equity offerings, debt financings, corporate collaborations, related party funding, or other means to continue as a going concern. The future of the Company as an operating business will depend on its ability to obtain sufficient capital contributions, financing and/or generate revenues as may be required to sustain its operations. Management plans to address the above as needed by, (a) securing additional grant funds, (b) obtaining additional financing through debt or equity transactions; (c) granting licenses and/or distribution rights to third parties in exchange for specified up-front and/or back-end payments, and (d) developing and commercializing its products in an efficient manner. Management continues to exercise tight cost controls to conserve cash. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described in the preceding paragraph and to eventually attain profitable operations. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be forced to cease operations.

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are expressed in US dollars. The Company’s fiscal year end is December 31. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company also regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets, borrowing rate used in operating lease right-of-use asset and liability valuations, impairment analysis of intangible assets and valuations of stock-based compensation. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experiences and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations could be affected. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company has two wholly owned subsidiaries, Singapore Volition Pte. Limited and Volition Global Services SRL. Singapore Volition has one wholly owned subsidiary, Belgian Volition SRL. Belgian Volition has four subsidiaries, Volition Diagnostics UK Limited, Volition America, Inc, Volition Germany GmbH, and its one majority owned subsidiary Volition Veterinary Diagnostics Development LLC. See Note 10(f), Commitments and Contingencies – Other Commitments Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $20,729,983 and $10,867,050, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $15,220,237 and $7,925,876, respectively, in its domestic accounts in excess of Federal Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $4,227,147 and $1,725,981, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the Belgian Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $107,349 and $100,601, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the Singapore Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $320,124 and $326,631, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the UK Deposit insured limits. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables in the normal course of business. Due to the nature of the accounts receivable balance, the Company believes the risk of doubtful accounts is minimal and therefore no allowance is recorded. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. The Company may provide for estimated uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to a valuation allowance. Balances that remain outstanding after the Company has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2023, the accounts receivable balance was $242,617 and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $nil. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the base term of the lease or estimated life of the leasehold improvements. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows: Useful Life Computer hardware and software 3 years Laboratory equipment 5 years Office furniture and equipment 5 years Buildings 30 years Building improvements 5-15 years Land Not amortized Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share The Company computes net loss per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260, “Earnings Per Share,” Foreign Currency Translation The Company has functional currencies in Euros, US Dollars and British Pounds Sterling and its reporting currency is the US Dollar. Management has adopted ASC 830-20, “Foreign Currency Matters – Foreign Currency Transactions” Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) ASC 220, “ Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)”, Financial Instruments Pursuant to ASC 820, “ Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” Level 1 Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Level 3 Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, notes payable, and amounts due to related parties. Pursuant to ASC 820, the fair value of cash is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consists of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The Company believes that the recorded values of all of our other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations. Included in the following table are the Company’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023. Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 Description Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total $ $ $ $ Liabilities Warrant liability - 126,649 - 126,649 As of December 31, 2022, there was no warrant liability. The following table provides a roll-forward of the warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31, 2023, as follows: Warrant Liability $ Balance at December 31, 2022 - Fair value of warrant liability, at issuance 366,960 Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability (240,311 ) Balance at December 31, 2023 126,649 Income Taxes Potential benefits of income tax losses are not recognized in the accounts until realization is more likely than not. The Company has adopted ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes” Revenue Recognition The Company adopted ASC 606, “ Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” The Company generates product revenues from the sale of its Nu.Q ® Revenues, and their respective treatment for financial reporting purposes under ASC 606, are as follows: Royalty The Company receives royalty revenues on the net sales recognized during the period in which the revenue is earned, and the amount is determinable from the licensee. These are presented under “Royalty” under the consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not have future performance obligations under this revenue stream. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company records these revenues based on estimates of the net sales that occurred during the relevant period from the licensee. Differences between actual and estimated royalty revenues are adjusted for in the period in which they become known. Product The Company includes revenue from product sales recognized during the period in which goods are shipped to third parties, and the amount is deemed collectable from the third parties. These are presented in “Product” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Service The Company includes revenue recognized from laboratory services performed in the Company’s laboratory on behalf of third parties under “Service” under the consolidated statements of operations. For each development and/or commercialization agreement that results in revenues, the Company identifies all performance obligations, aside from those that are immaterial, which may include a license to intellectual property and know-how, development activities and/or transition activities. In order to determine the transaction price, in addition to any upfront payment, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration at the outset of the contract either utilizing the expected value or most likely amount method, depending on the facts and circumstances relative to the contract. The Company constrains the estimates of variable consideration such that it is probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur throughout the life of the contract. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, management considers whether there are factors outside the Company’s control that could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal of revenue. These estimates are re-assessed each reporting period as required. Licensing The Company includes revenue recognized from the licensing of certain rights to third parties in “Licensing” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For each licensing, development and/or commercialization agreement that results in revenues, the Company identifies all performance obligations, aside from those that are immaterial, which may include a license to intellectual property and know-how, development activities and/or transition activities. In order to determine the transaction price, in addition to any upfront payment, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration at the outset of the contract either utilizing the expected value or most likely amount method, depending on the facts and circumstances relative to the contract. The Company constrains (reduces) the estimates of variable consideration such that it is probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur throughout the life of the contract. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, management considers whether there are factors outside the Company’s control that could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal of revenue. These estimates are re-assessed each reporting period as required. Revenue from Heska Agreement On March 28, 2022, Belgian Volition entered into a Master License and Supply Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Heska Corporation (“Heska”), a leading global provider of advanced veterinary diagnostics, pursuant to which Belgian Volition granted Heska worldwide exclusive rights to sell the Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test at the point of care (“POC”) initially for the screening of lymphoma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs (“Canine Lymphoma & HSA”), and non-exclusive rights to sell its Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test in kit format (“Kits”) through Heska’s network of central reference laboratories (“Central Lab”) initially for Canine Lymphoma & HSA. Under and subject to the terms of the License Agreement, Belgian Volition received an upfront payment of $10.0 million in 2022, and received further milestone payments in 2023 of (i) $6.5 million upon the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a POC screening test for Canine Lymphoma & HSA and (ii) $6.5 million upon the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a POC monitoring test for the same conditions. A further milestone payment of $5.0 million will be payable to Volition pursuant to the Agreement upon the earlier of (a) the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a screening or monitoring test for lymphoma in felines, or (b) the 9-month anniversary of the first peer reviewed paper evidencing clinical utility for the screening or monitoring of lymphoma in felines being published in any one of a number of periodicals identified by the parties. Any further expansion of the License Agreement to cover the use of the Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test for other cancer and non-cancer indications is subject to negotiation between the parties. Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, Belgian Volition will also supply Central Lab Kits and will receive a pre-agreed price per test, adjusted annually for inflation. The price per test for POC key components (“Key Components”) is also discounted to reflect the lower cost to Belgian Volition and additional assembly costs for Heska, as well as consideration for Heska’s upfront and milestone payments. Heska will assemble the Key Components for use at the POC, and is additionally responsible for marketing and distribution efforts and related costs. The License Agreement may be terminated by either party for a material breach by the other party, subject to notice and cure provisions, or in the event of the other party’s insolvency. Heska also has the option to terminate if it is unable to adapt the Key Components for use on a POC platform. Unless earlier terminated, the License Agreement will continue in effect for an initial term of 22 years for POC and 5 years for Central Lab, with the Central Lab term then continuing on a rolling one-year basis for the POC term. According to ASC Topic 606, “ Revenue from Contracts with Customers In conjunction with the License Agreement, the Company evaluated whether or not the performance obligations granted under the License Agreement were distinct and concluded that they were not distinct as Heska could not benefit from the license without the supply (manufacturing) services. The supply services are highly specialized and are dependent on the supply of the product from the Company. As such, the performance obligations granted under the License Agreement were combined to constitute a single performance obligation and the Company accounts for them as a single contract. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company received a $10.0 million upfront payment under the License Agreement and further upfront payments totaling $13.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2023, which is included as deferred revenue on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of $23.0 million. The Company allocated the milestone payments that were not constrained to the single performance obligation in the contract. The Company expects to recognize the total $28.0 million of milestone amounts under the License Agreement over time using an output method based on Key Components and Kits supplied to Heska. In determining the transaction price, the Company analyzed the variable consideration and whether or not such variable consideration was constrained. The Company will reassess this variable consideration at each reporting period and adjust the transaction price, if necessary. The total Key Components and Kits that the Company expects to manufacture for Heska over the life of the contract will be a significant judgment in recognizing revenue once the Company begins to supply product to Heska. Sales to the Company’s three largest customers represented over 61% of total sales for the year ended December 31, 2023. Deferred Revenue (Contract Liabilities) and Contract Assets Deferred revenue consists of amounts for which the Company has an unconditional right to bill, and/or amounts for which payment has been received (including non-refundable amounts) but have not been recognized as revenue because the related performance obligations are deemed incomplete. As of December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $23.0 million as deferred revenue in respect of a non-refundable payment received in relation to a licensing and product supply agreement with Heska Corporation. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $10.0 million as deferred revenue. Contract assets include costs and services incurred on contracts with open performance obligations. These contract assets were immaterial as of December 31, 2023. Research and Development In accordance with ASC 730, the Company follows the policy of expensing its research and development costs in the period in which they are incurred. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $19.6 million and $15.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets In accordance with ASC 360, “Property Plant and Equipment”, Stock-Based Compensation The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “ Compensation – Stock Compensation” Operating Leases The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842, “ Leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term in equal amounts of rent expense attributed to each period during the term of the lease, regardless of when actual payments are made. This generally results in rent expense in excess of cash payments during the early years of a lease and rent expense less than cash payments in later years. The difference between rent expense recognized and actual rental payments is typically represented as the spread between the ROU asset and lease liability. When calculating the present value of minimum lease payments, we account for leases as one single lease component if a lease has both lease and non-lease fixed cost components. Variable lease and non-lease cost components are expensed as incurred. We do not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have an initial lease term of 12 months or less. We recognize the lease payments associated with short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Grant Income The Company receives funding from public bodies for a proportion of the costs of specific projects. Funds are received in line with claims submitted for the agreed expenditure. The Company recognizes grant income once claims submitted are approved and funds are received. General working capital funding received at the commencement of a project is treated as deferred income and is recorded in accrued liabilities until it has been utilized for the expenditure claimed. Funding received that is repayable is shown as a liability. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications within operating expenses have been made to prior period’s consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. There is no impact in total to the results of operations and cash flows in all periods presented. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Management does not believe significant credit risks exist at December 31, 2023. As at December 31, 2023 the two largest customer balances represented over 65% of the total outstanding accounts receivable balance. Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standard Updates “ASUs” issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The Company has evaluated all recent accounting pronouncements and determined that the adoption of pronouncements applicable to the Company has not had or is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, or ASU 2016-13, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes may result in earlier recognition of credit losses. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Property and Equipment
Property And Equipment	No te 4 - Property and Equipment The Company’s property and equipment consist of the following amounts as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: December 31, 2023 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Depreciation Value $ $ $ Computer hardware and software 724,534 610,577 113,957 Laboratory equipment 4,753,253 2,491,149 2,262,104 Office furniture and equipment 378,800 280,396 98,404 Buildings 2,113,031 377,328 1,735,703 Building improvements 1,610,016 429,639 1,180,377 Land 132,468 - 132,468 9,712,102 4,189,089 5,523,013 December 31, 2022 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Depreciation Value $ $ $ Computer hardware and software 656,759 497,306 159,453 Laboratory equipment 4,190,289 1,951,387 2,238,902 Office furniture and equipment 358,575 239,436 119,139 Buildings 2,054,332 298,397 1,755,935 Building improvements 1,317,132 326,337 990,795 Land 128,788 - 128,788 8,705,875 3,312,863 5,393,012 During the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total capital expenditure was $1.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, the majority of which was from purchases of laboratory equipment. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $1,080,475 and $865,262, respectively, in depreciation expense.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	Note 5 - Intangible Assets The Company’s intangible assets consist of patents, mainly acquired in the acquisition of Belgian Volition. The patents are being amortized over the assets’ estimated useful lives, which range from 8 to 20 years. December 31, 2023 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Amortization Value $ $ $ Patents 1,130,936 1,107,050 23,886 December 31, 2022 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Amortization Value $ $ $ Patents 1,104,103 993,598 110,505 During the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $84,910 and $75,558, respectively, in amortization expense. The Company amortizes the long-lived assets on a straight-line basis with terms ranging from 8 to 20 years. The annual estimated amortization schedule over the next five years is as follows: 2024 $ 23,886 Total Intangible Assets $ 23,886 The Company periodically reviews its long-lived assets to ensure that their carrying value does not exceed their fair market value. The Company carried out such a review in accordance with ASC 360 as of December 31, 2023. The result of this review confirmed that the ongoing value of the patents was not impaired as of December 31, 2023.

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions	Note 6 - Related Party Transactions See Note 7 for common stock issued to related parties and Note 8 for stock options, warrants and RSUs issued to related parties. The Company has agreements with related parties for the purchase of products and consultancy services which are accrued under accruals and management and directors’ fees payable (see consolidated balance sheets).

Common Stock

Common Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Common Stock
Common Stock	Note 7 - Common Stock As of December 31, 2023, the Company was authorized to issue 100 million shares of common stock par value $0.001 per share, of which 81,898,321 and 57,873,379 shares were issued as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. 2023 Equity Capital Raises On February 17, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Newbridge Securities Corporation (“Newbridge”) in connection with an underwritten public offering of 4,945,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which includes Newbridge’s exercise in full of its overallotment option, pursuant to the Company’s “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 (declared effective by the SEC on November 8, 2021, File No. 333-259783) (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the “2021 Form S-3”). The public offering price was $1.75 per share. The underwriter purchased the shares from the Company at a price of $1.6275 per share on February 22, 2023, after taking into account the underwriting discounts and commissions. The net proceeds received by the Company for the sale and issuance of the shares were approximately $8.0 million, before deducting offering expenses of $0.2 million paid by the Company. On June 1, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Prime Executions, Inc. dba Freedom Capital Markets (“Freedom”) acting as the book-running manager of the offering and Bancroft Capital, LLC acting as co-manager in connection with an underwritten public offering of 14,950,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which includes Freedom’s exercise in full of its overallotment option, pursuant to the 2021 Form S-3. The underwriter purchased 13,000,000 shares and 1,950,000 shares from the Company on June 5 and June 23, 2023 respectively. The public offering price was $1.27 per share. The underwriter purchased the shares from the Company at a price of $1.1811 per share. The net proceeds received by the Company for the sale and issuance of the shares were approximately $17.6 million, before deducting offering expenses of $0.1 million paid by the Company. In addition, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 448,500 shares of Company common stock to Freedom, at an exercise price of $2.00 per share. The Company evaluated the warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the specific terms of the warrants and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815-40. The Company determined the warrants issued in the Freedom offering failed the indexation guidance under ASC 815-40, specifically, the warrants provide for a Black-Scholes value calculation in the event of certain transactions (“Fundamental Transactions”), which includes a floor on volatility utilized in the value calculation at 100% or greater. The Company has determined that this provision introduces leverage to the holders of the warrants that could result in a value that would be greater than the settlement amount of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s own equity shares. Accordingly, pursuant to ASC 815-40, the Company has classified the fair value of the warrants as a liability upon issuance and marked to market each reporting period in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations until their exercise or expiration. The fair value of the warrants as of June 1, 2023, the issuance date, and December 31, 2023, were $366,960 and $126,649, respectively. The warrant liability was estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions. (At Issuance) December 31, 2023 June 1, 2023 Risk-free interest rate 3.89 % 3.70 % Expected volatility 76.30 % 71.56 % Expected life (years) 4.44 5.03 Expected dividend yield - - Total fair value $ 126,649 $ 366,960 On December 5, 2023 the Company issued 3,205,431 shares of its common stock in a private placement to Wallonie Entreprendre S.A (W.E.) at a purchase price of $0.8337 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $2.7 million (€2.5 million). The shares of common stock will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or any state securities laws and unless so registered may not be offered or sold in the United States except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Equity Capital Raises 2022 On July 29, 2022, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Newbridge in connection with an underwritten public offering of 3,450,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which includes Newbridge’s exercise in full of its overallotment option, pursuant to the “2021 Form S-3. Newbridge purchased the shares from the Company at a price of $1.87 per share. The offering closed on August 2, 2022. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $6.4 million from the offering before deducting offering expenses of $0.2 million paid by the Company. Equity Distribution Agreements 2023 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company raised aggregate net proceeds (net of broker commissions and fees) of approximately $0.7 million under the 2022 EDA (as defined below) through the sale of 279,703 shares of its common stock. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has raised aggregate net proceeds (net of broker commissions and fees) of approximately $1.5 million under the 2022 EDA through the sale of 630,532 shares of its common stock. See Note 11 for additional details regarding sales under the 2022 EDA subsequent to December 31, 2023. 2022 On May 20, 2022, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “2022 EDA”) with Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”) to sell shares of the Company’s common stock, with an aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million, from time to time through an “at the market” offering pursuant to the 2021 Form S-3 through Jefferies acting as the Company’s agent and/or principal. The Company is not obligated to sell any shares under the 2022 EDA. As of December 31, 2022, the Company raised aggregate net proceeds (net of broker commissions and fees) of approximately $0.8 million under the 2022 EDA through the sale of 350,829 shares of common stock. From January 1, 2022 through May 7, 2022, the Company raised aggregate net proceeds (net of broker commissions and fees) of approximately $9,500 under its equity distribution agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (the “2021 EDA”) through the sale of 3,000 shares of its common stock. The Company terminated the 2021 EDA effective May 7, 2022. 2023 and 2022 Issuances Upon Warrant Exercises For the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 no warrants were exercised. 2023 and 2022 Stock Option Exercises During the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 no shares of common stock were issued pursuant to the exercise of stock options. Stock Options Expired / Cancelled The table below summarizes the stock options granted under the Company’s 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) or the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”), as indicated, that expired or were cancelled during the year ended December 31, 2023. Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 25,000 Apr 15, 2016 25,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 55,000 Apr 13, 2020 55,000 3.60 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Mar 30, 2017 50,000 5.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Feb 11, 2019 50,000 3.25 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Jan 23, 2018 50,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Feb 18, 2023 2011 5,267 Mar 20, 2013 5,267 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2011 1,100 Mar 20, 2013 1,100 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2015 4,317 Aug 3, 2021 4,317 3.40 Jun 28, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2015 4,318 Aug 3, 2021 4,318 3.40 Sep 28, 2023 285,536 285,536 RSU Settlements 2023 During the year ended December 31, 2023 we issued a total of 658,102 shares of common stock from the settlement of RSUs, as follows: Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 4,000 Feb 8, 2023 2,369 1,631 2015 15,000 Mar 1, 2023 9,609 5,391 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2023 15,000 - 2015 2,500 Apr 4, 2023 1,759 741 2015 13,500 Apr 4, 2023 7,995 5,505 2015 35,000 Apr 4, 2023 22,610 12,390 2015 50,000 May 1, 2023 35,707 14,293 2015 4,000 Jun 1, 2023 2,270 1,730 2015 7,500 Jun 1, 2023 4,257 3,243 2015 208,809 Aug 3, 2023 167,809 41,000 2015 34,102 Aug 15, 2023 23,764 10,338 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2023 7,046 4,954 2015 12,500 Sep 21, 2023 7,434 5,066 2015 357,346 Oct 4, 2023 298,738 58,608 2015 19,904 Oct 4, 2023 6,883 13,021 2015 21,583 Oct 13, 2023 21,583 - 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2023 21,750 - 2015 334 Nov 29, 2023 334 - 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2023 1,185 815 836,828 658,102 178,726 2022 During the year ended December 31, 2022 we issued a total of 297,289 shares of common stock from the settlement of RSUs, as follows: Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2022 15,000 - 2015 26,250 Apr 13, 2022 21,712 4,538 2015 50,000 May 1, 2022 35,000 15,000 2015 230,102 Aug 3, 2022 191,992 38,110 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2022 7,038 4,962 2015 19,905 Oct 4, 2022 13,022 6,883 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2022 12,344 9,406 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2022 1,181 819 377,007 297,289 79,718

StockBased Compensation

StockBased Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
StockBased Compensation
Stock-based Compensation	No te 8 - Stock-based Compensation a ) Warrants The following table summarizes the changes in warrants outstanding of the Company during the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price Warrants $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 485,000 3.88 Granted 54,000 3.05 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 539,000 3.80 Granted 448,500 2.00 Expired (125,000 ) 2.47 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 862,500 3.05 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 835,500 3.05 Warrants Granted 2023 The Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 448,500 shares of Company common stock to Freedom, at an exercise price of $2.00 per share. The Company evaluated the warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the specific terms of the warrants and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815-40. The Company determined the warrants issued in the Freedom offering failed the indexation guidance under ASC 815-40, specifically, the warrants provide for a Black-Scholes value calculation in the event of certain transactions (“Fundamental Transactions”), which includes a floor on volatility utilized in the value calculation at 100% or greater. The Company has determined that this provision introduces leverage to the holders of the warrants that could result in a value that would be greater than the settlement amount of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s own equity shares. Accordingly, pursuant to ASC 815-40, the Company has classified the fair value of the warrants as a liability upon issuance and marked to market each reporting period in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations until their exercise or expiration. 2022 Effective April 4, 2022, the Company granted a warrant to purchase 54,000 shares of common stock to a Company employee for services to the Company and/or its subsidiaries. This warrant shall vest in two equal installments at 12 months and 24 months from the grant date, subject to continued service and expire on April 4, 2028 and April 4, 2029, respectively, with an exercise price of $3.05 per share. The Company has calculated the estimated fair market value of this warrant at $80,901, using the Black-Scholes model and the following assumptions: term 3.5 years, stock price $2.95, exercise price $3.05, 71.07% volatility, 2.53% risk-free rate, and no forfeiture rate. Warrant Expiration 2023 Effective February 26, 2023, a warrant to purchase 125,000 shares of common stock expired unexercised. 2022 During the year ended December 31, 2022, no warrants expired unexercised. Below is a table summarizing the warrants issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023. The warrants outstanding have a weighted average price of $3.05 per share and an aggregate weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.83 years. The warrants exercisable have a weighted average price of $3.05 per share. Weighted Average Proceeds to Exercise Remaining Company if Number Number Price Contractual Exercised Outstanding Exercisable ($) Life (Years) $ 448,500 448,500 2.00 4.46 897,000 54,000 27,000 3.05 4.76 164,700 50,000 50,000 3.45 2.17 172,500 125,000 125,000 3.95 3.01 493,750 185,000 185,000 4.90 3.09 906,500 862,500 835,500 2,634,450 Stock-based compensation expense related to warrants of $30,574 and $84,102 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. Total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested warrants is approximately $5,238 and is expected to be recognized over a period of 0.26 years. As of December 31, 2023, the total intrinsic value of warrants was $nil. b) Options The Company currently has options outstanding under both its 2011 Plan (for option issuances prior to 2016,) and its 2015 Plan (for option issuances commencing in 2016). Effective as of January 1, 2016, no additional awards were or may be made under the 2011 Plan. The 2015 Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors on August 18, 2015 and approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on October 30, 2015. On August 5, 2016, the Board of Directors adopted an amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such Plan by 750,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 1,750,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on October 7, 2016. On June 13, 2017, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such Plan by 750,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 2,500,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on September 8, 2017. On June 15, 2018, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such Plan by 750,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 3,250,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on September 7, 2018. On March 27, 2019, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such Plan by 1,000,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 4,250,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on June 14, 2019. On March 31, 2021, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such Plan by 1,750,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 6,000,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on June 17, 2021. On April 4, 2022, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such plan by 1,750,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 7,750,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on June 13, 2022. On April 17, 2023, the Board of Directors adopted a subsequent amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under such plan by 1,950,000 shares to an aggregate maximum of 9,700,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the stockholders at an annual meeting held on June 28, 2023. The 2015 Plan permits the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock awards, stock bonus awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance awards. The primary purpose of the 2015 Plan is to enhance the Company’s ability to attract and retain the services of qualified employees, officers, directors, consultants and other service providers upon whose judgment, initiative and efforts the successful conduct and development of the Company’s business largely depends, and to provide additional incentives to such persons or entities to devote their utmost effort and skill to the advancement and betterment of the Company, by providing them an opportunity to participate in the ownership of the Company that is tied to the Company’s performance, thereby giving them an interest in the success and increased value of the Company. The 2015 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee comprised solely of members of the Board of Directors or by the Board of Directors as a whole. The following table summarizes the changes in options outstanding of the Company during the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price Options $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 5,027,518 3.87 Expired/Cancelled (42,413 ) 3.43 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 4,985,105 3.87 Expired/Cancelled (285,536 ) 3.89 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 4,699,569 3.87 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 4,699,569 3.87 2023 During the year ended December 31, 2023, no options were granted. 2023 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the following table summarizes the options cancelled. Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 25,000 Apr 15, 2016 25,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 55,000 Apr 13, 2020 55,000 3.60 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Mar 30, 2017 50,000 5.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Feb 11, 2019 50,000 3.25 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Jan 23, 2018 50,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Feb 18, 2023 2011 5,267 Mar 20, 2013 5,267 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2011 1,100 Mar 20, 2013 1,100 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2015 4,317 Aug 3, 2021 4,317 3.40 Jun 28, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2015 4,318 Aug 3, 2021 4,318 3.40 Sep 28, 2023 285,536 285,536 2022 During the year ended December 31, 2022, the following table summarizes the options cancelled. Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 2,515 Aug 3, 2021 2,515 3.40 Aug 18, 2022 2015 5,000 Apr 13, 2020 5,000 3.60 Nov 18, 2022 2015 2,515 Aug 3, 2021 2,515 3.40 Nov 18, 2022 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Nov 18, 2022 42,413 42,413 Below is a table summarizing the options issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2011 Plan (for option issuances prior to 2016) or the 2015 Plan (for option issuances commencing in 2016)and which have a weighted average exercise price of $ 3.87 per share and an aggregate weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.23 years. Weighted Average Proceeds to Exercise Remaining Company if Number Number Price Contractual Life Exercised Outstanding Exercisable ($) (Years) $ 585,000 585,000 3.25 1.12 1,901,250 981,569 981,569 3.40 7.60 3,337,335 740,000 740,000 3.60 6.36 2,664,000 1,607,837 1,607,837 4.00 2.73 6,431,348 89,163 89,163 4.38 4.07 390,534 50,000 50,000 4.80 3.01 240,000 646,000 646,000 5.00 3.24 3,230,000 4,699,569 4,699,569 18,194,467 Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of $287,363 and $1,127,502 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively. Total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options is approximately $nil and is expected to be recognized over a period of nil years. As of December 31, 2023, the total intrinsic value of stock options was $nil. As of December 31, 2023, an aggregate of 608,190 shares of common stock remained available for future issuance under the 2015 Plan. c ) Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) Below is a table summarizing the RSUs issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price RSUs $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 810,750 3.33 Granted 1,892,102 1.64 Vested (377,007 ) 3.33 Cancelled (62,937 ) 2.88 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 2,262,908 2.05 Granted 2,317,882 0.79 Vested (836,828 ) 2.35 Cancelled (109,010 ) 1.77 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 3,634,952 1.01 2023 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2023, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. These RSUs vest equally over periods stated on the dates noted, subject to continued service, and will result in the compensation expense stated. The exception to this is specified in note (iv) which is described in detail below. Equity First Second Third RSU Incentive RSUs # Grant Vesting Vesting Vesting Vesting Expense Note Plan Date Period Date Date Date $ 2015 57,000 Mar 27, 2023 36 Months Mar 27, 2024 Mar 27, 2025 Mar 27, 2026 98,040 2015 50,000 Mar 27, 2023 24 Months Mar 27, 2024 Mar 27, 2025 N/A 86,000 2015 5,325 Mar 27, 2023 12 Months Mar 27, 2024 N/A N/A 9,159 2015 47,000 Jun 15, 2023 36 Months Jun 15, 2024 Jun 15, 2025 Jun 15, 2026 74,260 2015 8,392 Jun 15, 2023 12 Months Jun 15, 2024 N/A N/A 13,260 2015 43,165 Jul 13, 2023 6 Months Oct 13, 2023 Jan 13, 2024 N/A 56,978 2015 14,000 Jul 13, 2023 36 Months Jul 13, 2024 Jul 13, 2025 Jul 13, 2026 18,479 2015 34,000 Sep 11, 2023 36 Months Sep 11, 2024 Sep 11, 2025 Sep 11, 2026 44,540 2015 1,569,000 Sep 28, 2023 36 Months Sep 28, 2024 Sep 28, 2025 Sep 28, 2026 1,098,300 (i) 2015 450,000 Oct 19, 2023 Up to 42 Months Variable Variable Variable 306,000 2015 40,000 Dec 11, 2023 36 Months Dec 11, 2024 Dec 11, 2025 Dec 11, 2026 23,200 2,317,882 1,828,216 (i) These RSUs were granted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors in September 2023, with an effective date of October 19, 2023 and vest upon the share price closing above $5.00 per share for a minimum of thirty consecutive trading days within a period of three years from the date of grant, with further time-based vesting in a single installment six months after the timely achievement of the target, if at all, and subject to continued service. The estimated fair value of the RSUs that include a market vesting condition will be measured on the grant date using a Monte Carlo Simulation of a Geometric Brownian Motion stock path model and incorporating the probability of vesting occurring. The estimated fair value of these awards will be recognized over the derived service period (as determined by the valuation model), with such recognition occurring regardless of whether the market condition is met. 2022 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2022, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. These RSUs vest equally over periods stated on the dates noted, subject to continued service, and will result in the compensation expense stated. The exception to this is specified in note (iv) which is described in detail below. Equity First Second Third RSU Incentive RSUs Grant Vesting Vesting Vesting Vesting Expense Note Plan # Date Period Date Date Date $ 2015 8,000 Feb 8, 2022 24 Months Feb 8, 2023 Feb 8, 2024 N/A 22,640 2015 30,000 Mar 1, 2022 24 Months Mar 1, 2023 Mar 1, 2024 N/A 84,300 2015 32,000 Apr 4, 2022 24 Months Apr 4, 2023 Apr 4, 2024 N/A 94,400 2015 104,000 Apr 4, 2022 36 Months Apr 4, 2023 Apr 4, 2024 Apr 4, 2025 306,800 2015 33,000 Jun 1, 2022 24 Months Jun 1, 2023 Jun 1, 2024 N/A 80,850 2015 63,102 Aug 15, 2022 24 Months Aug 15, 2023 Aug 15, 2024 N/A 126,835 2015 25,000 Sep 21, 2022 24 Months Sep 21, 2023 Sep 21, 2024 N/A 42,250 (ii) 2015 1,144,000 Oct 4, 2022 36 Months Oct 4, 2023 Oct 4, 2024 Oct 4, 2025 1,670,240 (iii) 2015 450,000 Oct 4, 2022 Up to 42 Months Variable Variable Variable 321,078 (iv) 2015 3,000 Nov 29, 2022 36 Months Nov 29, 2023 Nov 29, 2024 Nov 29, 2025 6,450 1,892,102 2,755,843 (ii) These RSUs vest upon the achievement of corporate goals focused around product development and commercialization with further time-based vesting, subject to continued service of the award recipient to the Company through the applicable vesting dates. On October 13, 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the satisfactory achievement of certain corporate goals previously established by the Compensation Committee, which resulted in the vesting of the rights with respect to an aggregate of 198,275 RSUs. The RSUs are further subject to a three-year time-based vesting schedule, vesting in three equal installments on the dates set forth in the table above, and conditioned upon the recipient’s continued service through the applicable vesting date. On January 12, 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the satisfactory achievement of certain additional corporate goals, which resulted in the vesting of the rights with respect to an aggregate of an additional 424,875 RSUs, subject to the foregoing time-based vesting and conditioned upon the recipient’s continued service through the applicable vesting date. (iii) These RSUs vest upon the share price closing above $5.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive trading days within a period of three years from the date of grant, with further time-based vesting in a single installment six months after the timely achievement of the target, if at all, and subject to continued service. The estimated fair value of the RSUs that include a market vesting condition will be measured on the grant date using a Monte Carlo Simulation of a Geometric Brownian Motion stock path model and incorporating the probability of vesting occurring. The estimated fair value of these awards will be recognized over the derived service period (as determined by the valuation model), with such recognition occurring regardless of whether the market condition is met. (iv) The Company granted an aggregate of 3,000 RSUs on November 29, 2022 as an employment inducement award. These RSUs are subject to time-based vesting and subject to the continued service of each recipient. Below is a table summarizing the RSUs vested during the year ended December 31, 2023, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 4,000 Feb 8, 2023 2,369 1,631 2015 15,000 Mar 1, 2023 9,609 5,391 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2023 15,000 - 2015 2,500 Apr 4, 2023 1,759 741 2015 13,500 Apr 4, 2023 7,995 5,505 2015 35,000 Apr 4, 2023 22,610 12,390 2015 50,000 May 1, 2023 35,707 14,293 2015 4,000 Jun 1, 2023 2,270 1,730 2015 7,500 Jun 1, 2023 4,257 3,243 2015 208,809 Aug 3, 2023 167,809 41,000 2015 34,102 Aug 15, 2023 23,764 10,338 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2023 7,046 4,954 2015 12,500 Sep 21, 2023 7,434 5,066 2015 357,346 Oct 4, 2023 298,738 58,608 2015 19,904 Oct 4, 2023 6,883 13,021 2015 21,583 Oct 13, 2023 21,583 - 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2023 21,750 - 2015 334 Nov 29, 2023 334 - 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2023 1,185 815 836,828 658,102 178,726 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs vested during the year ended December 31, 2022, all of which were issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2022 15,000 - 2015 26,250 Apr 13, 2022 21,712 4,538 2015 50,000 May 1, 2022 35,000 15,000 2015 230,102 Aug 3, 2022 191,992 38,110 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2022 7,038 4,962 2015 19,905 Oct 4, 2022 13,022 6,883 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2022 12,344 9,406 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2022 1,181 819 377,007 297,289 79,718 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs cancelled during the year ended December 31, 2023, all of which were originally issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Cancellation Date RSUs Cancelled 2015 23,000 Apr 30, 2023 23,000 2015 21,000 May 5, 2023 21,000 2015 2,000 Jun 15, 2023 2,000 2015 17,343 Jun 28, 2023 17,343 2015 14,000 Jul 28, 2023 14,000 2015 10,000 Sep 22, 2023 10,000 2015 2,667 Oct 4, 2024 2,667 2015 19,000 Oct 20, 2024 19,000 109,010 109,010 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs cancelled during the year ended December 31, 2022, all of which were originally issued pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Cancellation Date RSUs Cancelled 2015 33,000 May 31, 2022 33,000 2015 1,365 Aug 18, 2022 1,365 2015 17,572 Nov 18, 2022 17,572 2015 11,000 Nov 21, 2022 11,000 62,937 62,937 Below is a table summarizing the RSUs issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 of which the last to vest have a remaining contractual life of 2.87 years. Weighted Average Weighted Average Grant date Remaining Number Fair Value Contractual Life Outstanding $ (Years) 40,000 0.58 1.87 450,000 0.68 3.30 450,000 0.69 2.26 1,569,000 0.70 1.75 34,000 1.31 1.70 35,582 1.32 1.16 719,987 1.46 0.84 36,392 1.58 1.02 12,500 1.69 0.73 102,325 1.72 1.00 29,000 2.01 0.62 666 2.15 0.94 11,500 2.45 0.42 9,000 2.81 0.17 85,000 2.95 0.51 50,000 3.31 0.33 3,634,952 Stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs of $1,971,607 and $1,903,054 was recorded in the years ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. Total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs is $1,925,613.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes
Income Taxes	Note 9 - Income Taxes The Company has estimated net operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 of $33.1 million and $28.6 million, respectively, available to offset taxable income in future years. The significant components of deferred income taxes and assets as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows: Net Deferred Tax Liability December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ Excess of tax over book depreciation and amortization (71,391 ) (46,001 ) ROU Asset (108,326 ) (117,134 ) Lease Liability 113,834 122,279 Accrued expenses 8,933 5,655 Capitalized research expenses 2,723,982 1,237,122 Stock-based compensation 322,177 321,956 Net Operating Losses carry-forward 33,092,721 28,556,992 Research and development tax credits 1,033,416 769,317 Gross deferred tax assets 37,115,346 30,850,186 Valuation allowance (37,115,346 ) (30,850,186 ) Net deferred tax asset - - Change in Valuation Allowance (6,265,160 ) Summary Rate Reconciliation December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 % % Federal statutory rate 21.0 21.0 Permanent Differences (3.3 ) (0.6 ) Stock-based compensation (0.8 ) (0.3 ) Federal Research & Development Credits 0.7 0.7 Foreign taxes (0.2 ) (0.1 ) Federal Deferred Rate Decrease - 0.5 Change in Valuation Allowance (17.5 ) (21.2 ) Total (0.1 ) - Disclosure Amounts December 31, 2023 Net Operating Losses - United States 41,344,440 Net Operating Losses - Foreign 103,744,933 Credit Carryforward - United States - Credit Carryforward - Foreign 1,033,416 Increase in Valuation Allowance 6,265,160

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments And Contingencies	No te 10 - Commitments and Contingencies a) Finance Lease Obligations In 2016, the Company entered into a real estate capital lease with ING Asset Finance Belgium S.A. (“ING”) to purchase a property located in Belgium for €1.12 million, maturing May 2031, with implicit interest of 2.62%. As of December 31, 2023, the balance payable was $448,592. In 2018, the Company entered into a capital lease with BNP Paribas leasing solutions to purchase a freezer for the Belgium facility for €25,000, maturing January 2022, with implicit interest of 1.35%. The leased equipment is amortized on a straight-line basis over 5 years. As of December 31, 2023, the balance payable was $0. The following is a schedule showing the future minimum lease payments under financing leases by years and the present value of the minimum payments as of December 31, 2023. 2024 $ 59,374 2025 $ 59,374 2026 $ 59,376 2027 $ 59,375 2028 $ 59,375 Greater than 5 years $ 200,376 Total $ 497,250 Less: Amount representing interest $ (48,658 ) Present value of minimum lease payments $ 448,592 b) Operating Lease Right-of-Use Liabilities As of December 31, 2023, operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities arising from operating leases were $549,504 and $577,377, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, cash paid for amounts included for the measurement of lease liabilities was $259,098 and the Company recorded operating lease expense of $261,005. Our weighted average discount rate is 2.38% and the weighted average remaining lease term is 25 months. The following is a schedule showing the future minimum lease payments under operating leases by years and the present value of the minimum payments as of December 31, 2023. 2024 $ 223,398 2025 $ 170,676 2026 $ 143,176 2027 $ 70,784 2028 $ 5,258 Total Operating Lease Obligations $ 613,292 Less: Amount representing interest $ (35,915 ) Present Value of minimum lease payments $ 577,377 The Company’s office space leases are short term, and the Company has elected under the short-term recognition exemption not to recognize them on the balance sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2023, $72,542 was recognized in short-term lease costs associated with the office space leases in Singapore and Nevada. The annual payments remaining for such short-term office leases as of December 31, 2023, were as follows: 2024 $ 33,370 Total Operating Lease Liabilities $ 33,370 c) Grants Repayable In 2010, the Company entered into an agreement with the Walloon Region government in Belgium for a colorectal cancer research grant for €1,048,020. Per the terms of the agreement, €314,406 of the grant is to be repaid by installments over the period from June 30, 2014 to June 30, 2023. The Company has recorded the balance of €733,614 to other income in previous years as there is no obligation to repay this amount. In the event that the Company receives revenue from products or services as defined in the agreement, it is due to pay a 6% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €314,406 and the 6% royalty on revenue, is twice the amount of funding received. As of December 31, 2023, the grant balance repayable was $27,597. In 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with the Walloon Region government in Belgium for a colorectal cancer research grant for €605,000. Per the terms of the agreement, €181,500 of the grant is to be repaid by instalments over 12 years commencing in 2020. In the event that the Company receives revenue from products or services as defined in the agreement, it is due to pay a 3.53% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €181,500 and the 3.53% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received. As of December 31, 2023, the grant balance repayable was $102,128. In 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with the Walloon Region government in Belgium for a research grant for €495,000. Per the terms of the agreement, €148,500 of the grant is to be repaid by installments over 10 years commencing in 2023. In the event that the Company receives revenue from products or services as defined in the agreement, it is due to pay a 2.89% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €148,500 and the 2.89% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received. As of December 31, 2023, the grant balance repayable was $94,600. In 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with the Walloon Region government in Belgium for a research grant for €929,433. Per the terms of the agreement, €278,830 of the grant is to be repaid by instalments over 15 years commencing in 2022. In the event that the Company receives revenue from products or services as defined in the agreement, it is due to pay a 4.34% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €278,830 and the 4.34% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received. As of December 31, 2023, the grant balance repayable was $254,237. As of December 31, 2023, the balance repayable was $478,562 and the annual payments remaining were as follows: 2024 $ 55,855 2025 $ 37,436 2026 $ 45,120 2027 $ 50,093 2028 $ 53,569 Greater than 5 years $ 236,489 Total Grants Repayable $ 478,562 d) Long-Term Debt In 2016, the Company entered into a 7-year loan agreement with Namur Invest for €440,000 with a fixed interest rate of 4.85%, maturing December 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the principal balance payable was $0. In 2016, the Company entered into a 15-year loan agreement with ING for €270,000 with a fixed interest rate of 2.62%, maturing December 2031. As of December 31, 2023, the principal balance payable was $175,055. In 2017, the Company entered into a 7-year loan agreement with SOFINEX for up to €1 million with a fixed interest rate of 4.50%, maturing September 2024. As of December 31, 2023, €1 million has been drawn down under this agreement and the principal balance payable was $275,974. In 2019, the Company entered into a 4-year loan agreement with Namur Innovation and Growth for €500,000 with fixed interest rate of 4.80%, maturing September 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the principal balance payable was $126,186. In 2020, the Company entered into a 10-year loan agreement with Namur Invest for a maximum of €830,000 with fixed interest rate of 4.00%, maturing March 2031. As of December 31, 2023, the amount that has been drawn down under this agreement was €633,719, representing a principal balance payable of $699,560. On November 23, 2021, the Company entered into a 3 ½ year loan agreement with SOFINEX for a maximum of €450,000 with fixed interest rate of 5.00%, maturing June 2025. As of December 31, 2023, the amount that has been drawn down under this agreement was €450,000, representing a principal balance payable of $289,773. On August 16, 2022, the Company entered into a 4-year loan agreement with Namur Invest for a maximum of €1,000,000 with fixed interest rate of 6.00%, maturing July 2026. As of December 31, 2023, the amount that has been drawn down under this agreement was €1,000,000, representing a principal balance payable of $836,745. On November 18, 2022, the Company entered into a 4-year loan agreement with Namur Invest for a maximum of €500,000 with fixed interest rate of 5.45%, maturing December 2027. As of December 31, 2023, the amount that has been drawn down under this agreement was €500,000, representing a principal balance payable of $551,949. In June 2023, the Company entered into a 4-year loan agreement with Namur Invest for a maximum of €400,000 with fixed interest rate of 7.00%, maturing June 2027. As of December 31, 2023, €200,000 had been drawn down under this agreement and the principal balance payable was $220,780. On December 1, 2023, the Company entered into a 5-year loan agreement with Wallonie Entreprendre S.A. for a maximum of €2.5 million with fixed interest rate of 7.68%, maturing December 2028. As of December 31, 2023, €1,500,000 had been drawn down under this agreement and the principal balance payable was $1,655,845. As of December 31, 2023, the total balance for long-term debt payable was $4,831,867 and the payments remaining were as follows: 2024 $ 1,481,023 2025 $ 922,911 2026 $ 692,557 2027 $ 452,470 2028 $ 1,918,778 Greater than 5 years $ 323,802 Total $ 5,791,541 Less: Amount representing interest $ (959,674 ) Total Long-Term Debt $ 4,831,867 e) Collaborative Agreement Obligations In 2018, the Company entered into a research collaboration agreement with the University of Taiwan for a 3-year period for a cost to the Company of up to $2.55 million payable over such period. As of December 31, 2023, $510,000 is still to be paid by the Company under this agreement. In 2022, the Company entered into a sponsored research agreement with The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center to evaluate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps ("NETs") in cancer patients with sepsis for a cost to the Company of $449,406. As of December 31, 2023, $449,406 is still to be paid by the Company under this agreement. In August 2023, the Company entered into a project research agreement with Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust to evaluate the practical clinical utility of the Nu.Q ® In July 2023, the Company entered into a research agreement with Xenetic Biosciences Inc and CLS Therapeutics Ltd to evaluate the anti-tumoral effects of Nu.Q ® As of December 31, 2023, the total amount to be paid for future research and collaboration commitments was approximately $ 1,273,692 and the annual payments remaining were as follows: 2024 $ 1,110,146 2025 - 2028 $ 163,546 Total Collaborative Agreement Obligations $ 1,273,692 f) Other Commitments Volition Vet On October 25, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement with TAMU for provision of in-kind services of personnel, animal samples and laboratory equipment in exchange for a non-controlling interest of 7.5% in Volition Vet with an additional 5%, vesting in a year from the date of the agreement, giving TAMU in aggregate, a 12.5% equity interest as of such date. As of December 31, 2023, TAMU has a 12.5% equity interest in Volition Vet. Volition Germany On January 10, 2020, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Belgian Volition, acquired an epigenetic reagent company, Octamer GmbH (“Octamer”), based in Munich, Germany, and hired its founder for his expertise and knowledge to be passed to Company personnel. On March 9, 2020, Octamer was renamed to Volition Germany GmbH (or “Volition Germany”). In connection with the transaction agreement, the Company entered into a royalty agreement with the founder providing for the payment of royalties in the amount of 6% of net sales of Volition Germany’s nucleosomes as reagents to pharmaceutical companies for use in the development, manufacture and screening of molecules for use as therapeutic drugs for a period of five years post-closing. As of December 31, 2023, $216 is payable under the 6% royalty agreement on sales to date towards the Company’s aggregate minimum royalty obligation of $121,429. Volition America On November 3, 2020, the Company entered into a professional services master agreement (the “Master Agreement”) with Diagnostic Oncology CRO, LLC (“DXOCRO”) to conduct a pivotal clinical trial and provide regulatory submission and reimbursement related services. On August 8, 2022, the Company and DXOCRO amended and restated the Master Agreement to expand the scope of DXOCRO’s consultant services provided thereunder (the “A&R Master Agreement”). The A&R Master Agreement requires DXOCRO to support development and clinical validation studies for the Company’s Nu.Q® product portfolio in the United States, including by conducting large-scale finding studies across multiple sites in the U.S. using Nu.Q® NETs and Nu.Q® Cancer tests to determine clinical utility in sepsis and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The Company anticipates DXOCRO’s services under this agreement will be completed by the end of the first quarter 2024 at a total cost to the Company of up to $4.2 million. The Company’s payment obligations accrue upon delivery of projects under the agreement. The Company may terminate the agreement or any project thereunder upon at least 30 days’ prior written notice. Unless earlier terminated, the A&R Master Agreement terminates on the later of December 31, 2025 or the date upon which all services have been completed. As of December 31, 2023, $90,862 is payable under the A&R Master Agreement, and up $208,320 maybe payable by Company in future periods for services rendered. See Note 11 for additional details regarding the A&R Master Agreement subsequent to December 31, 2023. g) Legal Proceedings There are no legal proceedings which the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial position. h) Commitments in Respect of Corporate Goals and Performance-Based Awards In August 2021 and October 2021 the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of equity-based awards under the 2015 Plan as well as cash bonuses, each of which vests upon achievement of certain corporate goals focused around product development and commercialization, to various personnel including directors, executives, members of management, consultants and employees of the Company and/or its subsidiaries. On June 23, 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the achievement of all of the remaining outstanding corporate goals related to the August 2021 and October 2021 awards, resulting in the payment of the cash bonus awards and the vesting of the remaining rights to the equity-based awards, which equity-based awards remain subject to time-based vesting in equal installments on each of August 3, 2022 and August 3, 2023 (with the exception of October 4, 2022 and October 4, 2023 for one award) and the continuous service of the award recipient through the applicable vesting date. In October 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of RSUs under the 2015 Plan to various employees in exchange for services provided to the Company. These RSUs vest upon the achievement of certain corporate goals focused around product development and commercialization with further time based vesting over three years, and subject to continued service. In October 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of RSUs under the 2015 Plan to various employees in exchange for services provided to the Company. These RSUs vest upon the share price closing above $5.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive trading days within a period of three years from the date of grant, with further time-based vesting in a single installment six months after the timely achievement of the target, if at all, and subject to continued service. In October 2022 the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of cash bonuses, payable upon achievement of various corporate goals focused around product development, manufacturing, financing and commercialization, to various personnel including directors, executives, members of management, consultants and employees of the Company and/or its subsidiaries. Conditional upon the achievement by January 1, 2023 and July 1, 2023 of all specified corporate goals as set forth in the minutes of the Compensation Committee, as well as continued service by the award recipients, the Company at the sole discretion of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer paid a cash bonus to such award recipients. An aggregate of 1,144,000 RSUs were issued under the 2015 Plan in connection with the October 2022 grants and an aggregate of 1,000,000 stock options and 500,000 RSUs were issued under the 2015 Plan in connection with the August 2021 and October 2021 grants. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has recognized compensation expense of $901,410 in relation to the options from the 2021 grants that vested in 2023. The Company has no unrecognized compensation expense in relation to such stock options, based on the outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets on the outstanding awards. Total Amortized Amortized Amortized Un-Amortized Award 2023 2022 2021 2023 $ $ $ $ $ 969,593 - 580,412 389,181 - 901,410 270,547 450,090 180,773 - As of December 31, 2023, the Company has recognized compensation expense of $759,039 in relation to RSUs from the 2021 grants that have vested in 2023. The Company has no unrecognized compensation expense in relation to such RSUs, based on the outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets on the outstanding awards. Total Amortized Amortized Amortized Un-Amortized Award 2023 2022 2021 2023 $ $ $ $ $ 822,149 - 493,207 328,942 - 759,039 228,109 379,191 151,739 - As of December 31, 2023, the Company has recognized total compensation expense of $1,077,417 of which $527,940 is in relation to RSUs from the 2022 grants that have vested in 2023, $325,207 is in relation to RSUs from such grants that will vest in 2024, and $224,270 is in relation to RSUs from such grants that will vest in 2025. The Company has unrecognized compensation expense of $507,679 in relation to such RSUs, based on the outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets on the outstanding awards. Total Vesting Amortized Amortized Award Year 2023 2022 Un-Amortized $ $ $ $ 527,940 2023 393,853 134,087 - 521,493 2024 260,119 65,088 196,286 535,663 2025 177,584 46,686 311,393 1,585,096 831,556 245,861 507,679 In September 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of cash bonuses, payable upon achievement of various corporate goals focused around revenue, operations and regulatory, to various personnel including directors, executives, members of management, consultants and employees of the Company and/or its subsidiaries. Conditional upon the achievement by December 31, 2023, and June 30, 2024 of specified corporate goals as set forth in the minutes of the Compensation Committee, as well as continued service by the award recipients, the Company at the sole discretion of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer would pay a cash bonus to such award recipients. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has accrued compensation expense of $1,071,198 in relation to the cash bonuses to be paid upon achievement of the specified corporate goals based on the expected outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets. In September 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of an aggregate of 1,569,000 RSUs under the 2015 Plan to various personnel including directors, executives, members of management, consultants and employees of the Company and/or its subsidiaries in exchange for services provided to the Company. These RSUs vest upon the achievement of certain corporate goals focused around revenue, operations and regulatory targets as of December 31, 2023, and June 30, 2024, as set forth in the minutes of the Compensation Committee, with further time based vesting over three years, and subject to continued service by the award recipient. The achievement of the corporate goals is to be determined by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion. In September 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the granting of an aggregate of 450,000 RSUs under the 2015 Plan to various employees in exchange for services provided to the Company. These RSUs have an effective date of grant of October 19, 2023, vest upon the share price closing above $5.00 per share for a minimum of 30 consecutive trading days within a period of three years from the effective date of grant and ending October 19, 2026, with further time-based vesting in a single installment six months after the timely achievement of the target, if at all, and subject to continued service by the award recipients. The estimated fair value of the RSUs that include a market vesting condition will be measured on the grant date using a Monte Carlo Simulation of a Geometric Brownian Motion stock path model and incorporating the probability of vesting occurring. The estimated fair value of these awards will be recognized over the derived service period (as determined by the valuation model), with such recognition occurring regardless of whether the market condition is met. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had recognized total compensation expense of $173,986. The Company has unrecognized compensation expense of $924,313 in relation to the RSUs from the 2023 grants, of which $271,342 in relation to RSUs that will vest in 2024, $318,588 in relation to RSUs that will vest in 2025, and $334,383 in relation to RSUs that will vest in 2026. based on the outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets on the outstanding awards. Total Vesting Amortized Award Year 2023 Un-Amortized $ $ $ 366,112 2024 94,770 271,342 366,101 2025 47,513 318,588 366,086 2026 31,703 334,383 1,098,299 173,986 924,313 Conditional upon the achievement by January 1, 2023 and July 1, 2023 of all specified corporate goals as set forth in the minutes of the Compensation Committee, as well as continued service by the award recipients, the Company at the sole discretion of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer paid a cash bonus to such award recipients. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has paid compensation expense of $1.1 million in relation to the July 1, 2023 specified corporate goals based on the actual outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Subsequent Events
Subsequent Events	Note 11 - Subsequent Events Equity Distribution Agreement During the period from January 1, 2024 through March 15, 2024, the Company sold 13,350 shares of common stock for aggregate proceeds (net of broker commissions and fees) of approximately $15,733 under the 2022 EDA. RSUs Vesting On January 13, 2024, 21,582 RSUs previously granted to a contractor vested and resulted in the issuance of 21,582 shares of common stock. On March 1, 2024, 9,000 RSUs previously granted to employees vested and resulted in the issuance of 6,057 shares of common stock. An aggregate of 2,943 shares of common stock were withheld as taxes and returned to the 2015 Plan. RSUs Granted Effective February 22, 2024, the Company granted RSUs of 14,000 shares of common stock to an employee of the Company in exchange for services provided to the Company. These RSUs vest over 3 years, with one-third vesting on each of February 22, 2025, February 22, 2026 and February 22, 2027, subject to continued service by the employee, and will result in total compensation expense of $13,590. Issuance of Shares See the reference below under “ License Agreement” RSUs Cancellations On January 16, 2024, 36,000 RSUs previously granted to an employee were cancelled and returned as authorized shares under the 2015 Plan upon cessation of employment of such employee prior to vesting. On February 9, 2024, 2,000 RSUs previously granted to an employee were cancelled and returned as authorized shares under the 2015 Plan upon the cessation of employment of such employee prior to vesting. Cash Bonus Payments On January 24, 2024, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the achievement of certain of the corporate milestones related to the September 28, 2023 authorization for the payment of cash bonuses to various personnel, including directors, executives, members of management, consultants and employees of the Company and/or its subsidiaries, upon the achievement of certain corporate goals focused around revenue, operations and regulatory, resulting in the vesting and payment of 85% of the cash bonuses. License Agreement On January 18. 2024, Belgian Volition entered into a License Agreement with EpiCypher, Inc., pursuant to which the Company may research, develop, manufacture and commercialize products and services using method covered by certain patents of EpiCypher. In addition to license fees and royalty payments, the Company issued shares of its restricted common stock to EpiCypher effective March 12, 2024, in a private placement. Diagnostic Oncology CRO, LLC Second A&R Master Agreement Effective February 10, 2024 the Company and DXOCRO further amended and restated the A&R Master Agreement to expand the scope of DXOCRO’s consultant services provided thereunder (the “Second A&R Master Agreement”). The Second A&R Master Agreement requires DXOCRO to conduct a prospective optimization/range finding study of Volition’s Nu.Q® H3.1 in vitro diagnostic (IVD) test proposed for use in sepsis. The study is an extension of the sepsis monitoring clinical trial that was previously covered under a separate exhibit. The Company anticipates DXOCRO’s additional services under this Agreement will be completed by the end of the third quarter of 2024 at a total additional cost to the Company of up to $0.7 million. The Company’s payment obligations accrue upon delivery of projects under the Agreement. The Company may terminate the Agreement or any project thereunder upon at least 30 days’ prior written notice. Unless earlier terminated, the Second A&R Master Agreement terminates on the later of December 31, 2025 or the date upon which all services have been completed. Employment Agreement On March 19, 2024, Volition Diagnostics entered into a Contract of Employment with Dr. Andrew Retter pursuant to which Dr. Retter will serve as Chief Medical Officer commencing April 1, 2024. The term of the Contract of Employment is perpetual until terminated upon at least 12 weeks’ prior notice (or such greater period as required by statute) and provides for an annual base salary of £180,000 payable monthly in arrears as well as contributions towards Dr. Retter’s pension.

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis Of Presentation	The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are expressed in US dollars. The Company’s fiscal year end is December 31.
Use Of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company also regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets, borrowing rate used in operating lease right-of-use asset and liability valuations, impairment analysis of intangible assets and valuations of stock-based compensation. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experiences and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations could be affected.
Principles Of Consolidation	The accompanying consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company has two wholly owned subsidiaries, Singapore Volition Pte. Limited and Volition Global Services SRL. Singapore Volition has one wholly owned subsidiary, Belgian Volition SRL. Belgian Volition has four subsidiaries, Volition Diagnostics UK Limited, Volition America, Inc, Volition Germany GmbH, and its one majority owned subsidiary Volition Veterinary Diagnostics Development LLC. See Note 10(f), Commitments and Contingencies – Other Commitments
Cash And Cash Equivalents	The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $20,729,983 and $10,867,050, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $15,220,237 and $7,925,876, respectively, in its domestic accounts in excess of Federal Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $4,227,147 and $1,725,981, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the Belgian Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $107,349 and $100,601, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the Singapore Deposit insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the Company had $320,124 and $326,631, respectively, in its foreign accounts in excess of the UK Deposit insured limits.
Accounts Receivables	Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables in the normal course of business. Due to the nature of the accounts receivable balance, the Company believes the risk of doubtful accounts is minimal and therefore no allowance is recorded. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. The Company may provide for estimated uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to a valuation allowance. Balances that remain outstanding after the Company has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2023, the accounts receivable balance was $242,617 and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $nil.
Property and Equipment	Property and equipment is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the base term of the lease or estimated life of the leasehold improvements. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows: Useful Life Computer hardware and software 3 years Laboratory equipment 5 years Office furniture and equipment 5 years Buildings 30 years Building improvements 5-15 years Land Not amortized
Basic And Diluted Net Loss Per Share	The Company computes net loss per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260, “Earnings Per Share,”
Foreign Currency Translation	The Company has functional currencies in Euros, US Dollars and British Pounds Sterling and its reporting currency is the US Dollar. Management has adopted ASC 830-20, “Foreign Currency Matters – Foreign Currency Transactions”
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	ASC 220, “ Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)”,
Financial Instruments	Pursuant to ASC 820, “ Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” Level 1 Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Level 3 Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, notes payable, and amounts due to related parties. Pursuant to ASC 820, the fair value of cash is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consists of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The Company believes that the recorded values of all of our other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations. Included in the following table are the Company’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023. Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 Description Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total $ $ $ $ Liabilities Warrant liability - 126,649 - 126,649 As of December 31, 2022, there was no warrant liability. The following table provides a roll-forward of the warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31, 2023, as follows: Warrant Liability $ Balance at December 31, 2022 - Fair value of warrant liability, at issuance 366,960 Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability (240,311 ) Balance at December 31, 2023 126,649
Income Taxes	Potential benefits of income tax losses are not recognized in the accounts until realization is more likely than not. The Company has adopted ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes”
Revenue Recognition	The Company adopted ASC 606, “ Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” The Company generates product revenues from the sale of its Nu.Q ® Revenues, and their respective treatment for financial reporting purposes under ASC 606, are as follows: Royalty The Company receives royalty revenues on the net sales recognized during the period in which the revenue is earned, and the amount is determinable from the licensee. These are presented under “Royalty” under the consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not have future performance obligations under this revenue stream. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company records these revenues based on estimates of the net sales that occurred during the relevant period from the licensee. Differences between actual and estimated royalty revenues are adjusted for in the period in which they become known. Product The Company includes revenue from product sales recognized during the period in which goods are shipped to third parties, and the amount is deemed collectable from the third parties. These are presented in “Product” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Service The Company includes revenue recognized from laboratory services performed in the Company’s laboratory on behalf of third parties under “Service” under the consolidated statements of operations. For each development and/or commercialization agreement that results in revenues, the Company identifies all performance obligations, aside from those that are immaterial, which may include a license to intellectual property and know-how, development activities and/or transition activities. In order to determine the transaction price, in addition to any upfront payment, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration at the outset of the contract either utilizing the expected value or most likely amount method, depending on the facts and circumstances relative to the contract. The Company constrains the estimates of variable consideration such that it is probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur throughout the life of the contract. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, management considers whether there are factors outside the Company’s control that could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal of revenue. These estimates are re-assessed each reporting period as required. Licensing The Company includes revenue recognized from the licensing of certain rights to third parties in “Licensing” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For each licensing, development and/or commercialization agreement that results in revenues, the Company identifies all performance obligations, aside from those that are immaterial, which may include a license to intellectual property and know-how, development activities and/or transition activities. In order to determine the transaction price, in addition to any upfront payment, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration at the outset of the contract either utilizing the expected value or most likely amount method, depending on the facts and circumstances relative to the contract. The Company constrains (reduces) the estimates of variable consideration such that it is probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur throughout the life of the contract. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, management considers whether there are factors outside the Company’s control that could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal of revenue. These estimates are re-assessed each reporting period as required. Revenue from Heska Agreement On March 28, 2022, Belgian Volition entered into a Master License and Supply Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Heska Corporation (“Heska”), a leading global provider of advanced veterinary diagnostics, pursuant to which Belgian Volition granted Heska worldwide exclusive rights to sell the Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test at the point of care (“POC”) initially for the screening of lymphoma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs (“Canine Lymphoma & HSA”), and non-exclusive rights to sell its Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test in kit format (“Kits”) through Heska’s network of central reference laboratories (“Central Lab”) initially for Canine Lymphoma & HSA. Under and subject to the terms of the License Agreement, Belgian Volition received an upfront payment of $10.0 million in 2022, and received further milestone payments in 2023 of (i) $6.5 million upon the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a POC screening test for Canine Lymphoma & HSA and (ii) $6.5 million upon the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a POC monitoring test for the same conditions. A further milestone payment of $5.0 million will be payable to Volition pursuant to the Agreement upon the earlier of (a) the first commercial sale by or on behalf of Heska of a screening or monitoring test for lymphoma in felines, or (b) the 9-month anniversary of the first peer reviewed paper evidencing clinical utility for the screening or monitoring of lymphoma in felines being published in any one of a number of periodicals identified by the parties. Any further expansion of the License Agreement to cover the use of the Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test for other cancer and non-cancer indications is subject to negotiation between the parties. Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, Belgian Volition will also supply Central Lab Kits and will receive a pre-agreed price per test, adjusted annually for inflation. The price per test for POC key components (“Key Components”) is also discounted to reflect the lower cost to Belgian Volition and additional assembly costs for Heska, as well as consideration for Heska’s upfront and milestone payments. Heska will assemble the Key Components for use at the POC, and is additionally responsible for marketing and distribution efforts and related costs. The License Agreement may be terminated by either party for a material breach by the other party, subject to notice and cure provisions, or in the event of the other party’s insolvency. Heska also has the option to terminate if it is unable to adapt the Key Components for use on a POC platform. Unless earlier terminated, the License Agreement will continue in effect for an initial term of 22 years for POC and 5 years for Central Lab, with the Central Lab term then continuing on a rolling one-year basis for the POC term. According to ASC Topic 606, “ Revenue from Contracts with Customers In conjunction with the License Agreement, the Company evaluated whether or not the performance obligations granted under the License Agreement were distinct and concluded that they were not distinct as Heska could not benefit from the license without the supply (manufacturing) services. The supply services are highly specialized and are dependent on the supply of the product from the Company. As such, the performance obligations granted under the License Agreement were combined to constitute a single performance obligation and the Company accounts for them as a single contract. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company received a $10.0 million upfront payment under the License Agreement and further upfront payments totaling $13.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2023, which is included as deferred revenue on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of $23.0 million. The Company allocated the milestone payments that were not constrained to the single performance obligation in the contract. The Company expects to recognize the total $28.0 million of milestone amounts under the License Agreement over time using an output method based on Key Components and Kits supplied to Heska. In determining the transaction price, the Company analyzed the variable consideration and whether or not such variable consideration was constrained. The Company will reassess this variable consideration at each reporting period and adjust the transaction price, if necessary. The total Key Components and Kits that the Company expects to manufacture for Heska over the life of the contract will be a significant judgment in recognizing revenue once the Company begins to supply product to Heska. Sales to the Company’s three largest customers represented over 61% of total sales for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Deferred Revenue (contract Liabilities) And Contract Assets	Deferred revenue consists of amounts for which the Company has an unconditional right to bill, and/or amounts for which payment has been received (including non-refundable amounts) but have not been recognized as revenue because the related performance obligations are deemed incomplete. As of December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $23.0 million as deferred revenue in respect of a non-refundable payment received in relation to a licensing and product supply agreement with Heska Corporation. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $10.0 million as deferred revenue. Contract assets include costs and services incurred on contracts with open performance obligations. These contract assets were immaterial as of December 31, 2023.
Research And Development	In accordance with ASC 730, the Company follows the policy of expensing its research and development costs in the period in which they are incurred. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $19.6 million and $15.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	In accordance with ASC 360, “Property Plant and Equipment”,
Stock-based Compensation	The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “ Compensation – Stock Compensation”
Operating Leases	The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842, “ Leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term in equal amounts of rent expense attributed to each period during the term of the lease, regardless of when actual payments are made. This generally results in rent expense in excess of cash payments during the early years of a lease and rent expense less than cash payments in later years. The difference between rent expense recognized and actual rental payments is typically represented as the spread between the ROU asset and lease liability. When calculating the present value of minimum lease payments, we account for leases as one single lease component if a lease has both lease and non-lease fixed cost components. Variable lease and non-lease cost components are expensed as incurred. We do not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have an initial lease term of 12 months or less. We recognize the lease payments associated with short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Grant Income	The Company receives funding from public bodies for a proportion of the costs of specific projects. Funds are received in line with claims submitted for the agreed expenditure. The Company recognizes grant income once claims submitted are approved and funds are received. General working capital funding received at the commencement of a project is treated as deferred income and is recorded in accrued liabilities until it has been utilized for the expenditure claimed. Funding received that is repayable is shown as a liability.
Reclassifications	Certain reclassifications within operating expenses have been made to prior period’s consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. There is no impact in total to the results of operations and cash flows in all periods presented.
Concentration of Credit Risk	Financial instruments that potentially subject the company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Management does not believe significant credit risks exist at December 31, 2023. As at December 31, 2023 the two largest customer balances represented over 65% of the total outstanding accounts receivable balance.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standard Updates “ASUs” issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The Company has evaluated all recent accounting pronouncements and determined that the adoption of pronouncements applicable to the Company has not had or is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, or ASU 2016-13, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes may result in earlier recognition of credit losses. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Schedule of property and equipment useful life	Useful Life Computer hardware and software 3 years Laboratory equipment 5 years Office furniture and equipment 5 years Buildings 30 years Building improvements 5-15 years Land Not amortized
Schedule Of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 Description Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total $ $ $ $ Liabilities Warrant liability - 126,649 - 126,649
Schedule Of warrant liability measured at fair value	Warrant Liability $ Balance at December 31, 2022 - Fair value of warrant liability, at issuance 366,960 Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability (240,311 ) Balance at December 31, 2023 126,649

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Property and Equipment
Schedule Of Property And Equipment	December 31, 2023 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Depreciation Value $ $ $ Computer hardware and software 724,534 610,577 113,957 Laboratory equipment 4,753,253 2,491,149 2,262,104 Office furniture and equipment 378,800 280,396 98,404 Buildings 2,113,031 377,328 1,735,703 Building improvements 1,610,016 429,639 1,180,377 Land 132,468 - 132,468 9,712,102 4,189,089 5,523,013 December 31, 2022 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Depreciation Value $ $ $ Computer hardware and software 656,759 497,306 159,453 Laboratory equipment 4,190,289 1,951,387 2,238,902 Office furniture and equipment 358,575 239,436 119,139 Buildings 2,054,332 298,397 1,755,935 Building improvements 1,317,132 326,337 990,795 Land 128,788 - 128,788 8,705,875 3,312,863 5,393,012

Intangible Assets (Tables)

Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible Assets
Schedule Of Intangible Assets	December 31, 2023 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Amortization Value $ $ $ Patents 1,130,936 1,107,050 23,886 December 31, 2022 Accumulated Net Carrying Cost Amortization Value $ $ $ Patents 1,104,103 993,598 110,505
Schedule Of Annual Estimated Amortization	2024 $ 23,886 Total Intangible Assets $ 23,886

Common Stock (Tables)

Common Stock (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Common Stock
Schedule of fair value of the warrants	(At Issuance) December 31, 2023 June 1, 2023 Risk-free interest rate 3.89 % 3.70 % Expected volatility 76.30 % 71.56 % Expected life (years) 4.44 5.03 Expected dividend yield - - Total fair value $ 126,649 $ 366,960
Schedule Of share issued from the cashless exercise of options	Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 25,000 Apr 15, 2016 25,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 55,000 Apr 13, 2020 55,000 3.60 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Mar 30, 2017 50,000 5.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Feb 11, 2019 50,000 3.25 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Jan 23, 2018 50,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Feb 18, 2023 2011 5,267 Mar 20, 2013 5,267 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2011 1,100 Mar 20, 2013 1,100 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2015 4,317 Aug 3, 2021 4,317 3.40 Jun 28, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2015 4,318 Aug 3, 2021 4,318 3.40 Sep 28, 2023 285,536 285,536
Summary of RSUs vested and settled during period	Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 4,000 Feb 8, 2023 2,369 1,631 2015 15,000 Mar 1, 2023 9,609 5,391 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2023 15,000 - 2015 2,500 Apr 4, 2023 1,759 741 2015 13,500 Apr 4, 2023 7,995 5,505 2015 35,000 Apr 4, 2023 22,610 12,390 2015 50,000 May 1, 2023 35,707 14,293 2015 4,000 Jun 1, 2023 2,270 1,730 2015 7,500 Jun 1, 2023 4,257 3,243 2015 208,809 Aug 3, 2023 167,809 41,000 2015 34,102 Aug 15, 2023 23,764 10,338 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2023 7,046 4,954 2015 12,500 Sep 21, 2023 7,434 5,066 2015 357,346 Oct 4, 2023 298,738 58,608 2015 19,904 Oct 4, 2023 6,883 13,021 2015 21,583 Oct 13, 2023 21,583 - 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2023 21,750 - 2015 334 Nov 29, 2023 334 - 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2023 1,185 815 836,828 658,102 178,726 Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2022 15,000 - 2015 26,250 Apr 13, 2022 21,712 4,538 2015 50,000 May 1, 2022 35,000 15,000 2015 230,102 Aug 3, 2022 191,992 38,110 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2022 7,038 4,962 2015 19,905 Oct 4, 2022 13,022 6,883 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2022 12,344 9,406 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2022 1,181 819 377,007 297,289 79,718

StockBased Compensation (Tables

StockBased Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
StockBased Compensation
Summary Of Changes In Warrants Outstanding	Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price Warrants $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 485,000 3.88 Granted 54,000 3.05 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 539,000 3.80 Granted 448,500 2.00 Expired (125,000 ) 2.47 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 862,500 3.05 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 835,500 3.05
Schedule Of The Warrants Issued And Outstanding	Weighted Average Proceeds to Exercise Remaining Company if Number Number Price Contractual Exercised Outstanding Exercisable ($) Life (Years) $ 448,500 448,500 2.00 4.46 897,000 54,000 27,000 3.05 4.76 164,700 50,000 50,000 3.45 2.17 172,500 125,000 125,000 3.95 3.01 493,750 185,000 185,000 4.90 3.09 906,500 862,500 835,500 2,634,450
Summarizes The Changes In Options Outstanding	Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price Options $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 5,027,518 3.87 Expired/Cancelled (42,413 ) 3.43 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 4,985,105 3.87 Expired/Cancelled (285,536 ) 3.89 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 4,699,569 3.87 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 4,699,569 3.87
Schedule Of Options Cancelled	Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 25,000 Apr 15, 2016 25,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 55,000 Apr 13, 2020 55,000 3.60 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Mar 30, 2017 50,000 5.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Feb 11, 2019 50,000 3.25 Feb 18, 2023 2015 50,000 Jan 23, 2018 50,000 4.00 Feb 18, 2023 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Feb 18, 2023 2011 5,267 Mar 20, 2013 5,267 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2011 1,100 Mar 20, 2013 1,100 4.35 Mar 20, 2023 2015 4,317 Aug 3, 2021 4,317 3.40 Jun 28, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 550 Sep 2, 2013 550 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 3.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2011 2,167 Sep 2, 2013 2,167 4.35 Sep 2, 2023 2015 4,318 Aug 3, 2021 4,318 3.40 Sep 28, 2023 285,536 285,536 Equity Incentive Plan Options (#) Grant Date Options Cancelled (#) Grant Price ($) Cancellation Date 2015 2,515 Aug 3, 2021 2,515 3.40 Aug 18, 2022 2015 5,000 Apr 13, 2020 5,000 3.60 Nov 18, 2022 2015 2,515 Aug 3, 2021 2,515 3.40 Nov 18, 2022 2015 32,383 Aug 3, 2021 32,383 3.40 Nov 18, 2022 42,413 42,413
Schedule Of options issued and outstanding	Weighted Average Proceeds to Exercise Remaining Company if Number Number Price Contractual Life Exercised Outstanding Exercisable ($) (Years) $ 585,000 585,000 3.25 1.12 1,901,250 981,569 981,569 3.40 7.60 3,337,335 740,000 740,000 3.60 6.36 2,664,000 1,607,837 1,607,837 4.00 2.73 6,431,348 89,163 89,163 4.38 4.07 390,534 50,000 50,000 4.80 3.01 240,000 646,000 646,000 5.00 3.24 3,230,000 4,699,569 4,699,569 18,194,467
Summarizing The Rsus Issued And Outstanding	Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price RSUs $ Outstanding at December 31, 2021 810,750 3.33 Granted 1,892,102 1.64 Vested (377,007 ) 3.33 Cancelled (62,937 ) 2.88 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 2,262,908 2.05 Granted 2,317,882 0.79 Vested (836,828 ) 2.35 Cancelled (109,010 ) 1.77 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 3,634,952 1.01
Schedule of the RSUs grants	Equity First Second Third RSU Incentive RSUs # Grant Vesting Vesting Vesting Vesting Expense Note Plan Date Period Date Date Date $ 2015 57,000 Mar 27, 2023 36 Months Mar 27, 2024 Mar 27, 2025 Mar 27, 2026 98,040 2015 50,000 Mar 27, 2023 24 Months Mar 27, 2024 Mar 27, 2025 N/A 86,000 2015 5,325 Mar 27, 2023 12 Months Mar 27, 2024 N/A N/A 9,159 2015 47,000 Jun 15, 2023 36 Months Jun 15, 2024 Jun 15, 2025 Jun 15, 2026 74,260 2015 8,392 Jun 15, 2023 12 Months Jun 15, 2024 N/A N/A 13,260 2015 43,165 Jul 13, 2023 6 Months Oct 13, 2023 Jan 13, 2024 N/A 56,978 2015 14,000 Jul 13, 2023 36 Months Jul 13, 2024 Jul 13, 2025 Jul 13, 2026 18,479 2015 34,000 Sep 11, 2023 36 Months Sep 11, 2024 Sep 11, 2025 Sep 11, 2026 44,540 2015 1,569,000 Sep 28, 2023 36 Months Sep 28, 2024 Sep 28, 2025 Sep 28, 2026 1,098,300 (i) 2015 450,000 Oct 19, 2023 Up to 42 Months Variable Variable Variable 306,000 2015 40,000 Dec 11, 2023 36 Months Dec 11, 2024 Dec 11, 2025 Dec 11, 2026 23,200 2,317,882 1,828,216 Equity First Second Third RSU Incentive RSUs Grant Vesting Vesting Vesting Vesting Expense Note Plan # Date Period Date Date Date $ 2015 8,000 Feb 8, 2022 24 Months Feb 8, 2023 Feb 8, 2024 N/A 22,640 2015 30,000 Mar 1, 2022 24 Months Mar 1, 2023 Mar 1, 2024 N/A 84,300 2015 32,000 Apr 4, 2022 24 Months Apr 4, 2023 Apr 4, 2024 N/A 94,400 2015 104,000 Apr 4, 2022 36 Months Apr 4, 2023 Apr 4, 2024 Apr 4, 2025 306,800 2015 33,000 Jun 1, 2022 24 Months Jun 1, 2023 Jun 1, 2024 N/A 80,850 2015 63,102 Aug 15, 2022 24 Months Aug 15, 2023 Aug 15, 2024 N/A 126,835 2015 25,000 Sep 21, 2022 24 Months Sep 21, 2023 Sep 21, 2024 N/A 42,250 (ii) 2015 1,144,000 Oct 4, 2022 36 Months Oct 4, 2023 Oct 4, 2024 Oct 4, 2025 1,670,240 (iii) 2015 450,000 Oct 4, 2022 Up to 42 Months Variable Variable Variable 321,078 (iv) 2015 3,000 Nov 29, 2022 36 Months Nov 29, 2023 Nov 29, 2024 Nov 29, 2025 6,450 1,892,102 2,755,843
Schedule of RSUs vested during period	Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 4,000 Feb 8, 2023 2,369 1,631 2015 15,000 Mar 1, 2023 9,609 5,391 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2023 15,000 - 2015 2,500 Apr 4, 2023 1,759 741 2015 13,500 Apr 4, 2023 7,995 5,505 2015 35,000 Apr 4, 2023 22,610 12,390 2015 50,000 May 1, 2023 35,707 14,293 2015 4,000 Jun 1, 2023 2,270 1,730 2015 7,500 Jun 1, 2023 4,257 3,243 2015 208,809 Aug 3, 2023 167,809 41,000 2015 34,102 Aug 15, 2023 23,764 10,338 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2023 7,046 4,954 2015 12,500 Sep 21, 2023 7,434 5,066 2015 357,346 Oct 4, 2023 298,738 58,608 2015 19,904 Oct 4, 2023 6,883 13,021 2015 21,583 Oct 13, 2023 21,583 - 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2023 21,750 - 2015 334 Nov 29, 2023 334 - 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2023 1,185 815 836,828 658,102 178,726 Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Vest Date Shares Issued Shares Withheld for Taxes 2015 15,000 Mar 25, 2022 15,000 - 2015 26,250 Apr 13, 2022 21,712 4,538 2015 50,000 May 1, 2022 35,000 15,000 2015 230,102 Aug 3, 2022 191,992 38,110 2015 12,000 Sep 7, 2022 7,038 4,962 2015 19,905 Oct 4, 2022 13,022 6,883 2015 21,750 Nov 1, 2022 12,344 9,406 2015 2,000 Dec 15, 2022 1,181 819 377,007 297,289 79,718
Schedule of RSUs cancelled during period	Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Cancellation Date RSUs Cancelled 2015 23,000 Apr 30, 2023 23,000 2015 21,000 May 5, 2023 21,000 2015 2,000 Jun 15, 2023 2,000 2015 17,343 Jun 28, 2023 17,343 2015 14,000 Jul 28, 2023 14,000 2015 10,000 Sep 22, 2023 10,000 2015 2,667 Oct 4, 2024 2,667 2015 19,000 Oct 20, 2024 19,000 109,010 109,010 Equity Incentive Plan RSUs # Cancellation Date RSUs Cancelled 2015 33,000 May 31, 2022 33,000 2015 1,365 Aug 18, 2022 1,365 2015 17,572 Nov 18, 2022 17,572 2015 11,000 Nov 21, 2022 11,000 62,937 62,937
Schedule of RSUs issued and outstanding with contractual life	Weighted Average Weighted Average Grant date Remaining Number Fair Value Contractual Life Outstanding $ (Years) 40,000 0.58 1.87 450,000 0.68 3.30 450,000 0.69 2.26 1,569,000 0.70 1.75 34,000 1.31 1.70 35,582 1.32 1.16 719,987 1.46 0.84 36,392 1.58 1.02 12,500 1.69 0.73 102,325 1.72 1.00 29,000 2.01 0.62 666 2.15 0.94 11,500 2.45 0.42 9,000 2.81 0.17 85,000 2.95 0.51 50,000 3.31 0.33 3,634,952

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes
Shedule of components of deferred income taxes and assets	Net Deferred Tax Liability December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ Excess of tax over book depreciation and amortization (71,391 ) (46,001 ) ROU Asset (108,326 ) (117,134 ) Lease Liability 113,834 122,279 Accrued expenses 8,933 5,655 Capitalized research expenses 2,723,982 1,237,122 Stock-based compensation 322,177 321,956 Net Operating Losses carry-forward 33,092,721 28,556,992 Research and development tax credits 1,033,416 769,317 Gross deferred tax assets 37,115,346 30,850,186 Valuation allowance (37,115,346 ) (30,850,186 ) Net deferred tax asset - - Change in Valuation Allowance (6,265,160 ) Summary Rate Reconciliation December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 % % Federal statutory rate 21.0 21.0 Permanent Differences (3.3 ) (0.6 ) Stock-based compensation (0.8 ) (0.3 ) Federal Research & Development Credits 0.7 0.7 Foreign taxes (0.2 ) (0.1 ) Federal Deferred Rate Decrease - 0.5 Change in Valuation Allowance (17.5 ) (21.2 ) Total (0.1 ) - Disclosure Amounts December 31, 2023 Net Operating Losses - United States 41,344,440 Net Operating Losses - Foreign 103,744,933 Credit Carryforward - United States - Credit Carryforward - Foreign 1,033,416 Increase in Valuation Allowance 6,265,160

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies
Schedule Of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Financing Leases	2024 $ 59,374 2025 $ 59,374 2026 $ 59,376 2027 $ 59,375 2028 $ 59,375 Greater than 5 years $ 200,376 Total $ 497,250 Less: Amount representing interest $ (48,658 ) Present value of minimum lease payments $ 448,592
Schedule Of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Operating Leases	2024 $ 223,398 2025 $ 170,676 2026 $ 143,176 2027 $ 70,784 2028 $ 5,258 Total Operating Lease Obligations $ 613,292 Less: Amount representing interest $ (35,915 ) Present Value of minimum lease payments $ 577,377
Schedule Of Recognized In Short-term Lease Costs	2024 $ 33,370 Total Operating Lease Liabilities $ 33,370
Schedule Of Grants Repayable	2024 $ 55,855 2025 $ 37,436 2026 $ 45,120 2027 $ 50,093 2028 $ 53,569 Greater than 5 years $ 236,489 Total Grants Repayable $ 478,562
Schedule Of Long-term Debt Payable	2024 $ 1,481,023 2025 $ 922,911 2026 $ 692,557 2027 $ 452,470 2028 $ 1,918,778 Greater than 5 years $ 323,802 Total $ 5,791,541 Less: Amount representing interest $ (959,674 ) Total Long-Term Debt $ 4,831,867
Schedule of annual payments Of Collaborative Agreement Obligations	2024 $ 1,110,146 2025 - 2028 $ 163,546 Total Collaborative Agreement Obligations $ 1,273,692
Schedule of outcomes related to the prescribed performance targets	Total Amortized Amortized Amortized Un-Amortized Award 2023 2022 2021 2023 $ $ $ $ $ 969,593 - 580,412 389,181 - 901,410 270,547 450,090 180,773 - Total Amortized Amortized Amortized Un-Amortized Award 2023 2022 2021 2023 $ $ $ $ $ 822,149 - 493,207 328,942 - 759,039 228,109 379,191 151,739 -
Schedule of commitments in respect of corporate goals and performance based awards	Total Vesting Amortized Amortized Award Year 2023 2022 Un-Amortized $ $ $ $ 527,940 2023 393,853 134,087 - 521,493 2024 260,119 65,088 196,286 535,663 2025 177,584 46,686 311,393 1,585,096 831,556 245,861 507,679 Total Vesting Amortized Award Year 2023 Un-Amortized $ $ $ 366,112 2024 94,770 271,342 366,101 2025 47,513 318,588 366,086 2026 31,703 334,383 1,098,299 173,986 924,313

Liquidity and Going Concern A_2

Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment (Details Narrative) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment
Net Loss Since Inception	$ 202.6

Basis of Presentation and Summa

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Land [Member]
Estimated useful life	0 years
Computer Hardware And Software [Member]
Estimated useful life	3 years
Laboratory Equipment [Member]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Office Furniture And Equipment [Member]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Buildings [Member]
Estimated useful life	30 years
Building Improvements [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Building Improvements [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Estimated useful life	15 years

Basis of Presentation and Sum_2

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 1) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Warrant liability	$ 126,649	$ 0
Fair Value Inputs Level 1 [Member]
Warrant liability	0
Fair Value Inputs Level 2 [Member]
Warrant liability	126,649
Fair Value Inputs Level 3 [Member]
Warrant liability	$ 0

Basis of Presentation and Sum_3

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 2)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Warrant Liability, Begining balance	$ 0
Fair value of warrant liability, at issuance	366,960
Gain on change in fair value of warrant liability	(240,311)
Warrant Liability, Ending balance	$ 126,649

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 20,729,983	$ 10,867,050
Terms of license Agreement	Belgian Volition entered into a Master License and Supply Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Heska Corporation (“Heska”), a leading global provider of advanced veterinary diagnostics, pursuant to which Belgian Volition granted Heska worldwide exclusive rights to sell the Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test at the point of care (“POC”) initially for the screening of lymphoma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs (“Canine Lymphoma & HSA”), and non-exclusive rights to sell its Nu.Q® Vet Cancer Test in kit format (“Kits”) through Heska’s network of central reference laboratories (“Central Lab”) initially for Canine Lymphoma & HSA
Initial term for POC	22 years
Initial term for Central Lab	5 years
Upfront payment	$ 13,000,000	10,000,000
Milestone amount recognized	28,000,000
Deferred revenue	23,000,000
Amount in excess of FDIC limit	15,220,237	7,925,876
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	243,940	227,097
Research and development expenses	19,600,000	15,300,000
Impairment losses	0	0
Accounts receivable	$ 242,617	72,609
Concentration of credit risk	65%
Heska Corporation [Member]
Deferred revenue	$ 23,000,000	$ 10,000,000
Warrants And Options [Member]
Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of EPS	9,197,021	7,787,013
Belgian Deposit Guarantee [Member]
Deposits/cash in excess of insured limits	$ 4,227,147	$ 1,725,981
Singapore Deposit Insurance [Member]
Deposits/cash in excess of insured limits	107,349	100,601
UK Deposit Protection Scheme [Member]
Deposits/cash in excess of insured limits	$ 320,124	$ 326,631

Property and Equipment (Details

Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cost	$ 9,712,102	$ 8,705,875
Accumulated Depreciation	4,189,089	3,312,863
Net Carrying Value	5,523,013	5,393,012
Laboratory Equipment [Member]
Cost	4,753,253	4,190,289
Accumulated Depreciation	2,491,149	1,951,387
Net Carrying Value	2,262,104	2,238,902
Buildings [Member]
Cost	2,113,031	2,054,332
Accumulated Depreciation	377,328	298,397
Net Carrying Value	1,735,703	1,755,935
Land [Member]
Cost	132,468	128,788
Accumulated Depreciation	0	0
Net Carrying Value	132,468	128,788
Computer Hardware And Software [Member]
Cost	724,534	656,759
Accumulated Depreciation	610,577	497,306
Net Carrying Value	113,957	159,453
Office Furniture and Equipment [Member]
Cost	378,800	358,575
Accumulated Depreciation	280,396	239,436
Net Carrying Value	98,404	119,139
Building Improvements [Member]
Cost	1,610,016	1,317,132
Accumulated Depreciation	429,639	326,337
Net Carrying Value	$ 1,180,377	$ 990,795

Property and Equipment (Detai_2

Property and Equipment (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property and Equipment
Depreciation Expense	$ 1,080,475	$ 865,262
Capital expenditure	$ 1,100,000	$ 1,600,000

Intangible Assets (Details)

Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Net Carrying Value	$ 23,886
Patents [Member]
Cost	1,130,936	$ 1,104,103
Accumulated Amortization	1,107,050	993,598
Net Carrying Value	$ 23,886	$ 110,505

Intangible Assets (Details 1)

Intangible Assets (Details 1)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Intangible Assets
2024	$ 23,886
Total Intangible Assets	$ 23,886

Intangible Assets (Details Narr

Intangible Assets (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Amortization Expense	$ 84,910	$ 75,558
Minimum [Member] | Patents And Intellectual Property [Member]
Amortization Of Long-lived Asset On Straight Line Basis	8 years
Maximum [Member] | Patents And Intellectual Property [Member]
Amortization Of Long-lived Asset On Straight Line Basis	20 years

Common Stock (Details)

Common Stock (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Common Stock
Risk-free interest rate	3.70%	3.89%
Expected term (years)	5 years 10 days	4 years 5 months 8 days
Expected volatility	71.56%	76.30%
Expected dividends	0%	0%
Total fair value	$ 366,960	$ 126,649

Common Stock (Details 1)

Common Stock (Details 1)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Options Granted	285,536
Options Cancelled	285,536
Option Six [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	32,383
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Options Cancelled	32,383
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.40
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023
Option Seven [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	5,267
Stock option grant date	Mar. 20, 2013
Options Cancelled	5,267
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Mar. 20, 2023
Option Eight [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	1,100
Stock option grant date	Mar. 20, 2013
Options Cancelled	1,100
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Mar. 20, 2023
Option Nine [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	4,317
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Options Cancelled	4,317
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.40
Cancellation date	Jun. 28, 2023
Option Ten [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	550
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	550
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Option Eleven [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	550
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	550
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Option Twelve [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	550
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	550
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Option Thirteen [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	2,167
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	2,167
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 28, 2023
Option Fourteen [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	2,167
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	2,167
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Option Fifteen [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Options Granted	2,167
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Options Cancelled	2,167
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4.35
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Option Sixteen [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	4,318
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Options Cancelled	4,318
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.40
Cancellation date	Sep. 02, 2023
Options One [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	25,000
Stock option grant date	Apr. 15, 2016
Options Cancelled	25,000
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023
Option Two [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	55,000
Stock option grant date	Apr. 13, 2020
Options Cancelled	55,000
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.60
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023
Option Three [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	50,000
Stock option grant date	Mar. 30, 2017
Options Cancelled	50,000
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 5
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023
Option Four [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	50,000
Stock option grant date	Feb. 11, 2019
Options Cancelled	50,000
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 3.25
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023
Option Five [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Options Granted	50,000
Stock option grant date	Jan. 23, 2018
Options Cancelled	50,000
Grant Price | $ / shares	$ 4
Cancellation date	Feb. 18, 2023

Common Stock (Details 2)

Common Stock (Details 2) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Equity Incentive RSU	836,828	377,007
Incentive RSU Issued	658,102	297,289
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 178,726	$ 79,718
Equity Incentive Plan One [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	4,000	15,000
Incentive Vest Date	Feb. 08, 2023	Mar. 25, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	2,369	15,000
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 1,631	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Two [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	15,000	26,250
Incentive Vest Date	Mar. 01, 2023	Apr. 13, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	9,609	21,712
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,391	$ 4,538
Equity Incentive Plan Three [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	15,000	50,000
Incentive Vest Date	Mar. 25, 2023	May 01, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	15,000	35,000
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0	$ 15,000
Equity Incentive Plan Four [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	2,500	230,102
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Aug. 03, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	1,759	191,992
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 741	$ 38,110
Equity Incentive Plan Five [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	13,500	12,000
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Sep. 07, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	7,995	7,038
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,505	$ 4,962
Equity Incentive Plan Six [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	35,000	19,905
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Oct. 04, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	22,610	13,022
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 12,390	$ 6,883
Equity Incentive Plan Seven [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	50,000	21,750
Incentive Vest Date	May 01, 2023	Nov. 01, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	35,707	12,344
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 14,293	$ 9,406
Equity Incentive Plan Eight [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	4,000	2,000
Incentive Vest Date	Jun. 01, 2023	Dec. 15, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	2,270	1,181
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 1,730	$ 819
Equity Incentive Plan Nine [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	7,500
Incentive Vest Date	Jun. 01, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	4,257
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 3,243
Equity Incentive Plan Ten [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	208,809
Incentive Vest Date	Aug. 03, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	167,809
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 41,000
Equity Incentive Plan Eleven [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	34,102
Incentive Vest Date	Aug. 15, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	23,764
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 10,338
Equity Incentive Plan Twelve [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	12,000
Incentive Vest Date	Sep. 07, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	7,046
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 4,954
Equity Incentive Plan Thirteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	12,500
Incentive Vest Date	Sep. 21, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	7,434
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,066
Equity Incentive Plan Fourteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	357,346
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 04, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	298,738
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 58,608
Equity Incentive Plan Fifteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	19,904
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 04, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	6,883
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 13,021
Equity Incentive Plan Sixteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	21,583
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 13, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	21,583
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Seventeen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	21,750
Incentive Vest Date	Nov. 01, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	21,750
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Eighteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	334
Incentive Vest Date	Nov. 29, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	334
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Ninteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	2,000
Incentive Vest Date	Dec. 15, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	1,185
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 815

Common Stock (Details Narrative

Common Stock (Details Narrative) - USD ($)					1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Jun. 05, 2023	Jun. 02, 2023	Jun. 01, 2023	May 07, 2022	Jun. 23, 2023	Feb. 17, 2023	Jul. 29, 2022	May 20, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 05, 2023
Common stock, shares outstanding									81,898,321	57,873,379
Common stock, shares issued									81,898,321	57,873,379
Total fair value			$ 366,960						$ 126,649
Common stock price per sahres									$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized									100,000,000
Wallonie Entreprendre [Member]
Common stock, shares issued											3,205,431
Common stock, purchase price per shares											$ 0.8337
Aggregate purchase price amount											$ 2,700,000
Underwriting Agreement [Member]
Total fair value		$ 366,960							$ 126,649
Issuance of common stock		14,950,000				4,945,000	3,450,000		658,102	297,289
Shares purchased	13,000,000				1,950,000
Purchase price per share			$ 1.1811			$ 1.6275	$ 1.87
Issued warrants to purchase shares of common stock			448,500
Exercise price			$ 2
Common Stock Offering Price			$ 1.27			$ 1.75
Proceeds from Issuance of common stock		$ 17,600,000				$ 8,000,000	$ 6,400,000
offering expenses		$ 100,000				$ 200,000	$ 200,000
Equity Distribution Agreement [Member]
Common stock shares sold				3,000					279,703
Aggeregate share of common stock offering price								$ 25,000,000
Aggregate net proceeds				$ 9,500
Commissions and fee									$ 700,000
2022 EDA [Member]
Common stock shares sold									630,532	350,829
Commissions and fee									$ 1,500,000
offering expenses									$ 800,000

StockBased Compensation (Detail

StockBased Compensation (Details) - Warrants [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of warrants Outstanding beginning balance	539,000	485,000
Number of warrants granted	448,500	54,000
Number of warrants Expired	(125,000)
Number of warrants outstanding ending balance	862,500	539,000
Number of Warrants Exercisable	835,500
Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding balance	$ 3.80	$ 3.88
Weighted Average Exercise Price Granted	2	3.05
Weighted Exercise Price Expired	2.47
Weighted Average Exercise Price ending balance	3.05	$ 3.80
Weighted Average Exercise Price exercisable	$ 3.05

StockBased Compensation (Deta_2

StockBased Compensation (Details 1)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Warrants [Member]
Number Exercisable	835,500
Number Outstanding	862,500
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 2,634,450
Warrant One [Member]
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	4 years 5 months 15 days
Number Exercisable	448,500
Number Outstanding	448,500
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 897,000
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 2
Warrant Two [Member]
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	4 years 9 months 3 days
Number Exercisable	27,000
Number Outstanding	54,000
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 164,700
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.05
Warrant Three [Member]
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	2 years 2 months 1 day
Number Exercisable	50,000
Number Outstanding	50,000
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 172,500
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.45
Warrants Four [Member]
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	3 years 3 days
Number Exercisable	125,000
Number Outstanding	125,000
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 493,750
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.95
Warrants Five [Member]
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	3 years 1 month 2 days
Number Exercisable	185,000
Number Outstanding	185,000
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 906,500
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 4.90

StockBased Compensation (Deta_3

StockBased Compensation (Details 2) - Option Four [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of options outstanding beginning balance	4,985,105	5,027,518
Number of Expired/Cancelled	$ (285,536)	$ (42,413)
Number of option outstanding ending balance	4,699,569	4,985,105
Number of options exercisable	4,699,569
Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding balance	$ 3.87	$ 3.87
Weighted Average Exercise Price expires/cancelled	3.89	3.43
Weighted Average Exercise Price ending balance	3.87	$ 3.87
Weighted Average Exercise Price exercisable balance	$ 3.87

StockBased Compensation (Deta_4

StockBased Compensation (Details 3) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Approved Stock options	285,536	42,413
Stock options cancelled	285,536	42,413
Stock Options Cancelled One [Member]
Approved Stock options	25,000	2,515
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Stock option grant date	Apr. 15, 2016	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	25,000	2,515
Stock option grant Price	$ 4	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023	Aug. 18, 2022
Stock Options Cancelled Two [Member]
Approved Stock options	55,000	5,000
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Stock option grant date	Apr. 13, 2020	Apr. 13, 2020
Stock options cancelled	55,000	5,000
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.60	$ 3.60
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023	Nov. 18, 2022
Stock Options Cancelled Three [Member]
Approved Stock options	50,000	32,383
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Stock option grant date	Mar. 30, 2017	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	50,000	32,383
Stock option grant Price	$ 5	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023	Nov. 18, 2022
Stock Options Cancelled Four [Member]
Approved Stock options	50,000	2,515
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Stock option grant date	Feb. 11, 2019	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	50,000	2,515
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.25	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023	Nov. 18, 2022
Stock Options Cancelled Five [Member]
Approved Stock options	50,000
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Stock option grant date	Jan. 23, 2018
Stock options cancelled	50,000
Stock option grant Price	$ 4
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Six [Member]
Approved Stock options	32,383
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	32,383
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Feb. 18, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Seven [Member]
Approved Stock options	5,267
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Mar. 20, 2013
Stock options cancelled	5,267
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Mar. 20, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Eight [Member]
Approved Stock options	1,100
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Mar. 20, 2013
Stock options cancelled	1,100
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Mar. 20, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Nine [Member]
Approved Stock options	4,317
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	4,317
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Jun. 28, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Ten [Member]
Approved Stock options	550
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	550
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Eleven [Member]
Approved Stock options	550
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	550
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Twelve [Member]
Approved Stock options	550
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	550
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Thirteen [Member]
Approved Stock options	2,167
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	2,167
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Fourteen [Member]
Approved Stock options	2,167
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	2,167
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Sixteen [Member]
Approved Stock options	4,318
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Stock option grant date	Aug. 03, 2021
Stock options cancelled	4,318
Stock option grant Price	$ 3.40
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 28, 2023
Stock Options Cancelled Fifteen [Member]
Approved Stock options	2,167
Equity Incentive Plan	2011
Stock option grant date	Sep. 02, 2013
Stock options cancelled	2,167
Stock option grant Price	$ 4.35
Stock option cancellation Date	Sep. 02, 2023

StockBased Compensation (Deta_5

StockBased Compensation (Details 4)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Options One [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	585,000
Number Exercisable, shares	585,000
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.25
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	1 year 1 month 13 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 1,901,250
Option Two [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	981,569
Number Exercisable, shares	981,569
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.40
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	7 years 7 months 6 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 3,337,335
Option Three [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	740,000
Number Exercisable, shares	740,000
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 3.60
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	6 years 4 months 9 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 2,664,000
Option Four [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	1,607,837
Number Exercisable, shares	1,607,837
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 4
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	2 years 8 months 23 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 6,431,348
Option Five [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	89,163
Number Exercisable, shares	89,163
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 4.38
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	4 years 25 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 390,534
Option Six [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	50,000
Number Exercisable, shares	50,000
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 4.80
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	3 years 3 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 240,000
Option Seven [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	646,000
Number Exercisable, shares	646,000
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 5
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)	3 years 2 months 26 days
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 3,230,000
Total Option [Member]
Number Outstanding, shares	4,699,569
Number Exercisable, shares	4,699,569
Proceeds to Company if Exercised | $	$ 18,194,467

StockBased Compensation (Deta_6

StockBased Compensation (Details 5) - Stock Options [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of RSUs outstanding begining balance	2,262,908	810,750
Granted	2,317,882	1,892,102
Vested	(836,828)	(377,007)
Cancelled	(109,010)	(62,937)
Number of RSUs outstanding ending balance	3,634,952	2,262,908
Share price beginning balance	$ 2.05	$ 3.33
Share price granted	0.79	1.64
Share price vested	2.35	3.33
Cancelled net	1.77	2.88
Share price ending balance	$ 1.01	$ 2.05

StockBased Compensation (Deta_7

StockBased Compensation (Details 6) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Compensation Expense RSUs	2,317,882	1,828,216
RSU Expense	$ 1,892,102	$ 2,755,843
Compensation Expense One [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	57,000	8,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Mar. 27, 2023	Feb. 08, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Mar. 27, 2024	Feb. 08, 2023
Second vesting date	Mar. 27, 2025	Feb. 08, 2024
Third vesting date	Mar. 27, 2026
RSU Expense	$ 98,040	$ 22,640
Compensation Expense Two [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	50,000	30,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Mar. 27, 2023	Mar. 01, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	24 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Mar. 27, 2024	Mar. 01, 2023
Second vesting date	Mar. 27, 2025	Mar. 01, 2024
RSU Expense	$ 86,000	$ 84,300
Compensation Expense Three [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	5,325	32,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Mar. 27, 2023	Apr. 04, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	12 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Mar. 27, 2024	Apr. 04, 2023
Second vesting date		Apr. 04, 2024
RSU Expense	$ 9,159	$ 94,400
Compensation Expense Four [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	47,000	104,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Jun. 15, 2023	Apr. 04, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months	36 Months
First Vesting date	Jun. 15, 2024	Apr. 04, 2023
Second vesting date	Jun. 15, 2025	Apr. 04, 2024
Third vesting date	Jun. 15, 2026	Apr. 04, 2025
RSU Expense	$ 74,260	$ 306,800
Compensation Expense Five [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	8,392	33,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Jun. 15, 2023	Jun. 01, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	12 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Jun. 15, 2024	Jun. 01, 2023
Second vesting date		Jun. 01, 2024
RSU Expense	$ 13,260	$ 80,850
Compensation Expense Six [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	43,165	63,102
Compensation Expense grant date	Jul. 13, 2023	Aug. 15, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	6 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Oct. 13, 2023	Aug. 15, 2023
Second vesting date	Jan. 13, 2024	Aug. 15, 2024
RSU Expense	$ 56,978	$ 126,835
Compensation Expense Seven [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	14,000	25,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Jul. 13, 2023	Sep. 21, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months	24 Months
First Vesting date	Jul. 13, 2024	Sep. 21, 2023
Second vesting date	Jul. 13, 2025	Sep. 21, 2024
Third vesting date	Jul. 13, 2026
RSU Expense	$ 18,479	$ 42,250
Compensation Expense Eight [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	34,000	1,144,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Sep. 11, 2023	Oct. 04, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months	36 Months
First Vesting date	Sep. 11, 2024	Oct. 04, 2023
Second vesting date	Sep. 11, 2025	Oct. 04, 2024
Third vesting date	Sep. 11, 2026	Oct. 04, 2025
RSU Expense	$ 44,540	$ 1,670,240
Compensation Expense Nine [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	1,569,000	450,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Sep. 28, 2023	Oct. 04, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months	Up to 42 Months
First Vesting date	Sep. 28, 2024
Second vesting date	Sep. 28, 2025
Third vesting date	Sep. 28, 2026
RSU Expense	$ 1,098,300	$ 321,078
Compensation Expense Ten [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	450,000	3,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Oct. 19, 2023	Nov. 29, 2022
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	Up to 42 Months	36 Months
First Vesting date		Nov. 29, 2023
Second vesting date		Nov. 29, 2024
Third vesting date		Nov. 29, 2025
RSU Expense	$ 306,000	$ 6,450
Compensation Expense Eleven [Member]
Equity Incentive Plan	2015
Compensation Expense RSUs	40,000
Compensation Expense grant date	Dec. 11, 2023
Compensation Expense Vesting Period	36 Months
First Vesting date	Dec. 11, 2024
Second vesting date	Dec. 11, 2025
Third vesting date	Dec. 11, 2026
RSU Expense	$ 23,200

StockBased Compensation (Deta_8

StockBased Compensation (Details 7) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Equity Incentive RSU	836,828	377,007
Incentive RSU Issued	658,102	297,289
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 178,726	$ 79,718
Equity Incentive Plan One [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	4,000	15,000
Incentive Vest Date	Feb. 08, 2023	Mar. 25, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	2,369	15,000
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 1,631	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Two [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	15,000	26,250
Incentive Vest Date	Mar. 01, 2023	Apr. 13, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	9,609	21,712
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,391	$ 4,538
Equity Incentive Plan Three [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	15,000	50,000
Incentive Vest Date	Mar. 25, 2023	May 01, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	15,000	35,000
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0	$ 15,000
Equity Incentive Plan Four [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	2,500	230,102
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Aug. 03, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	1,759	191,992
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 741	$ 38,110
Equity Incentive Plan Five [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	13,500	12,000
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Sep. 07, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	7,995	7,038
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,505	$ 4,962
Equity Incentive Plan Six [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	35,000	19,905
Incentive Vest Date	Apr. 04, 2023	Oct. 04, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	22,610	13,022
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 12,390	$ 6,883
Equity Incentive Plan Seven [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	50,000	21,750
Incentive Vest Date	May 01, 2023	Nov. 01, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	35,707	12,344
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 14,293	$ 9,406
Equity Incentive Plan Eight [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	4,000	2,000
Incentive Vest Date	Jun. 01, 2023	Dec. 15, 2022
Incentive RSU Issued	2,270	1,181
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 1,730	$ 819
Equity Incentive Plan Nine [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	7,500
Incentive Vest Date	Jun. 01, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	4,257
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 3,243
Equity Incentive Plan Ten [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	208,809
Incentive Vest Date	Aug. 03, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	167,809
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 41,000
Equity Incentive Plan Eleven [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	34,102
Incentive Vest Date	Aug. 15, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	23,764
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 10,338
Equity Incentive Plan Twelve [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	12,000
Incentive Vest Date	Sep. 07, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	7,046
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 4,954
Equity Incentive Plan Thirteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	12,500
Incentive Vest Date	Sep. 21, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	7,434
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 5,066
Equity Incentive Plan Fourteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	357,346
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 04, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	298,738
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 58,608
Equity Incentive Plan Fifteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	19,904
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 04, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	6,883
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 13,021
Equity Incentive Plan Sixteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	21,583
Incentive Vest Date	Oct. 13, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	21,583
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Seventeen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	21,750
Incentive Vest Date	Nov. 01, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	21,750
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Eighteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	334
Incentive Vest Date	Nov. 29, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	334
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 0
Equity Incentive Plan Nineteen [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015
Equity Incentive RSU	2,000
Incentive Vest Date	Dec. 15, 2023
Incentive RSU Issued	1,185
RSUs Held for Taxes	$ 815

StockBased Compensation (Deta_9

StockBased Compensation (Details 8) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Incentive RSU	109,010	62,937
RSU Cancelled	109,010	62,937
Equity Incentive Plan One [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	23,000	33,000
Cancellation Date	Apr. 30, 2023	May 31, 2022
RSU Cancelled	23,000	33,000
Equity Incentive Plan Two [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	21,000	1,365
Cancellation Date	May 05, 2023	Aug. 18, 2022
RSU Cancelled	21,000	1,365
Equity Incentive Plan Three [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	2,000	17,572
Cancellation Date	Jun. 15, 2023	Nov. 18, 2022
RSU Cancelled	2,000	17,572
Equity Incentive Plan Four [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	17,343	11,000
Cancellation Date	Jun. 28, 2023	Nov. 21, 2022
RSU Cancelled	17,343	11,000
Equity Incentive Plan Five [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	14,000
Cancellation Date	Jul. 28, 2023
RSU Cancelled	14,000
Equity Incentive Plan Six [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	10,000
Cancellation Date	Sep. 22, 2023
RSU Cancelled	10,000
Equity Incentive Plan Seven [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	2,667
Cancellation Date	Oct. 04, 2024
RSU Cancelled	2,667
Equity Incentive Plan Eight [Member]
Incentive Plan	2015	2015
Incentive RSU	19,000
Cancellation Date	Oct. 20, 2024
RSU Cancelled	19,000

StockBased Compensation (Det_10

StockBased Compensation (Details 9)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Option Fifteen [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	85,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 2.95
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	6 months 3 days
Option Sixteen [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	50,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 3.31
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	3 months 29 days
Options One [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	40,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 0.58
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year 10 months 13 days
Option Two [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	450,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 0.68
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	3 years 3 months 18 days
Option Three [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	450,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 0.69
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	2 years 3 months 3 days
Option Four [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	1,569,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 0.70
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year 9 months
Option Five [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	34,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.31
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year 8 months 12 days
Option Six [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	35,582
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.32
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year 1 month 28 days
Option Seven [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	719,987
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.46
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	10 months 2 days
Total Option [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	3,634,952
Option Eight [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	36,392
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.58
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year 7 days
Option Nine [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	12,500
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.69
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	8 months 23 days
Option Ten [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	102,325
Share price | $ / shares	$ 1.72
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	1 year
Option Eleven [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	29,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 2.01
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	7 months 13 days
Option Twelve [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	666
Share price | $ / shares	$ 2.15
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	11 months 8 days
Option Thirteen [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	11,500
Share price | $ / shares	$ 2.45
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	5 months 1 day
Option Fourteen [Member]
Number of stock Outstanding balance	9,000
Share price | $ / shares	$ 2.81
Weighted average remaining contractual life (Years)	2 months 1 day

StockBased Compensation (Det_11

StockBased Compensation (Details Narrative) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Apr. 04, 2022	Apr. 17, 2023	Nov. 29, 2022	Nov. 18, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 27, 2019	Jun. 15, 2018	Jun. 13, 2017	Aug. 05, 2016
Common stock available	1,750,000	1,950,000
Share aggregate maximum	7,750,000	9,700,000
Common stock expired unexercised						125,000
Net proceeds from issuance of common shares						$ 28,388,036	$ 6,736,444
Stock-based compensation expense						2,289,545	3,114,659
Stock-based compensation expense						$ 1,077,417
Restricted Stock Units [Member] | One
Vesting aggregate						198,275
Aggregrate aggregate						424,875
share price						$ 5
Granted aggregate			3,000
Stock-based compensation expense						$ 1,971,607	1,903,054
Remaining contractual life						2 years 10 months 13 days
Unrecognized compensation cost						$ 1,925,613
Option [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense						287,363	1,127,502
Option [Member] | 2015 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Net proceeds from issuance of common shares					$ 1,750,000	$ 750,000
Exercise price						$ 3.87
Maturity Term						4 years 2 months 23 days
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance					6,000,000	608,190		1,000,000	750,000		750,000
Option [Member] | 2015 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance								4,250,000	3,250,000	2,500,000	1,750,000
Warrants [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense						$ 30,574	$ 84,102
Vesting term						3 months 3 days
Compensation cost related to non-vested warrants						$ 5,238
Warrants [Member] | 2023 [Member]
Exercise price						$ 2	$ 3.05
Maturity Term				3 years 6 months		3 years 9 months 29 days
Stock price				$ 2.95
Warrants exercise price						$ 3.05	$ 3.05
Volatility				71.07%
Risk free rate				2.53%
Stock option purchase				54,000		448,500
Expire description				This warrant shall vest in two equal installments at 12 months and 24 months from the grant date, subject to continued service and expire on April 4, 2028 and April 4, 2029, respectively, with an exercise price of $3.05 per share		the warrants provide for a Black-Scholes value calculation in the event of certain transactions (“Fundamental Transactions”), which includes a floor on volatility utilized in the value calculation at 100% or greater
Warrant expenses						$ 80,901

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - Net Deferred Tax Assets [Member] - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Net deferred tax Assets
Excess of tax over book depreciation and amortization	$ (71,391)	$ (46,001)
ROU Asset	(108,326)	(117,134)
Lease Liability	113,834	122,279
Accrued expenses	8,933	5,655
Capitalized research expenses	2,723,982	1,237,122
Stock-based compensation	322,177	321,956
Net Operating Losses carry-forward	33,092,721	28,556,992
Research and development tax credits	1,033,416	769,317
Gross deferred tax assets	37,115,346	30,850,186
Valuation allowance	(37,115,346)	(30,850,186)
Net deferred tax asset	0	$ 0
Change in Valuation Allowance	$ (6,265,160)

Income Taxes (Details 1)

Income Taxes (Details 1)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Summary Rate Reconciliation
Federal statutory rate	21%	21%
Permanent Differences	(3.30%)	(0.60%)
Stock based compensation	(0.80%)	(0.30%)
Federal Research & Development Credits	0.70%	0.70%
Foreign taxes	(0.20%)	(0.10%)
Federal Deferred Rate Decrease	0%	0.50%
Change in Valuation Allowance	(17.50%)	(21.20%)
Total	(0.10%)	0%

Income Taxes (Details 2)

Income Taxes (Details 2)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Increase in Valuation Allowance	$ 6,265,160
United States [Member]
Net Operating Losses	41,344,440
Credit Carryforward	0
Foreign [Member]
Net Operating Losses	103,744,933
Credit Carryforward	$ 1,033,416

Income Taxes (Details Narrative

Income Taxes (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes
Net operating losses	$ 33.1	$ 28.6

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - Finance Lease Obligations [Member]	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
2024	$ 59,374
2025	59,374
2026	59,376
2027	59,375
2028	59,375
Greater than 5 years	200,376
Total	497,250
Less: Amount representing interest	(48,658)
Present value of minimum lease payments	$ 448,592

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 1) - Operating Lease Right of Use Obligations [Member]	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
2024	$ 223,398
2025	170,676
2026	143,176
2027	70,784
2028	5,258
Total Operating Lease Obligations	613,292
Less: Amount representing interest	(35,915)
Present value of minimum lease payments	$ 577,377

Commitments and Contingencies_4

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 2)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies
2024	$ 33,370
Total Operating Lease Liabilities	$ 33,370

Commitments and Contingencies_5

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 3) - Grants Repayable [Member]	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
2024	$ 55,855
2025	37,436
2026	45,120
2027	50,093
2028	53,569
Greater than 5 years	236,489
Total Grants Repayable	$ 478,562

Commitments and Contingencies_6

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 4)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies
2024	$ 1,481,023
2025	922,911
2026	692,557
2027	452,470
2028	1,918,778
Greater than 5 years	323,802
Total	5,791,541
Less: Amount representing interest	(959,674)
Total Long-Term Debt	$ 4,831,867

Commitments and Contingencies_7

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 5)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies
2024	$ 1,110,146
2025 - 2028	163,546
Total Collaborative Agreement Obligations	$ 1,273,692

Commitments and Contingencies_8

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 6)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Outstanding Award 1 | Restricted stock option
Outstanding award	$ 822,149
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	0
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	493,207
Amortised of outstanding award 2021	328,942
Un-amortised of outstanding award 2023	0
Outstanding Award 2 | Restricted stock option
Outstanding award	759,039
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	228,109
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	379,191
Amortised of outstanding award 2021	151,739
Un-amortised of outstanding award 2023	0
Stock Option | Outstanding Award 1
Outstanding award	969,593
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	0
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	580,412
Amortised of outstanding award 2021	389,181
Un-amortised of outstanding award 2023	0
Stock Option | Outstanding Award 2
Outstanding award	901,410
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	270,547
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	450,090
Amortised of outstanding award 2021	180,773
Un-amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 0

Commitments and Contingencies_9

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 7) - Restricted stock option	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Total Member
Outstanding award	$ 1,585,096
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	831,556
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	245,861
Un-amortised of outstanding award	507,679
Outstanding Award 3
Outstanding award	$ 527,940
Vesting period	2023
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 393,853
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	134,087
Un-amortised of outstanding award	0
Outstanding Award 4
Outstanding award	$ 521,493
Vesting period	2024
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 260,119
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	65,088
Un-amortised of outstanding award	196,286
Outstanding Award 5
Outstanding award	$ 535,663
Vesting period	2025
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 177,584
Amortised of outstanding award 2022	46,686
Un-amortised of outstanding award	$ 311,393

Commitments and Contingencie_10

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 8) - Restricted Stock Options Vested [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Outstanding Award 1
Outstanding award	$ 366,112
Vesting period	2024
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 94,770
Un-amortised of outstanding award	271,342
Total Member
Outstanding award	1,098,299
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	173,986
Un-amortised of outstanding award	924,313
Outstanding Award 3
Outstanding award	$ 366,086
Vesting period	2026
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 47,513
Un-amortised of outstanding award	334,383
Outstanding Award 2
Outstanding award	$ 366,101
Vesting period	2025
Amortised of outstanding award 2023	$ 31,703
Un-amortised of outstanding award	$ 318,588

Commitments and Contingencie_11

Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 03, 2020	Oct. 19, 2023 $ / shares shares	Oct. 25, 2019	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€) shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€) shares
Grant Repyable				$ 478,562
Compensation expense				1,100,000
Long-term debt payable				4,831,867
Recognized compensation expense				901,410
Payments For Future Research And Collobration				1,273,692
Aggerate Amount Payable, Description	under this agreement will be completed by the end of the first quarter 2024 at a total cost to the Company of up to $4.2 million
Amount payable for services rendered				90,862
Amount may be payable by Company in future periods for services rendered				208,320
Accrued compensation expense				1,071,198
Stock-based compensation expense				2,289,545		$ 3,114,659
Recognized total compensation expense				1,077,417
Performance Based Award [Member] | Vest In 2023 [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense				759,039
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Recognized total compensation expense				527,940
RSU Vested in 2023				325,207
RSU Vested in 2025				224,270
Unrecognized compensation expense				507,679
Managing Director's Agreement [Member]
Amount payable				216
Royalty Payment				$ 121,429
Royality				6%	6%
2015 Plan
Share price per share | $ / shares				$ 5
Restricted stock option approved granted shares | shares				1,569,000	1,569,000
Finance Lease Obligations [Member]
Lease Payable				$ 497,250
Board Of Directors [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | September 2023 [Member]
Share price per share | $ / shares		$ 5
Restricted stock option approved granted shares in exchange for services | shares		450,000
Operating Lease Right of Use Obligations [Member]
Operating Lease Right-of-use Assets				549,504
Operating Lease Liabilities				$ 577,377
Weighted Average Discount Rate				2.38%			2.38%
Payment Of Lease Liabilities				$ 259,098
Operating Lease Expense				261,005
Short Term Lease Costs				72,542
RSU 2023 [Member]
Restricted stock units granted in during period				271,342
RSU 2024 [Member]
Restricted stock units vested in during period				318,588
RSU 2025 [Member]
Restricted stock units vested in during period				334,383
In 2010 [Member] | Walloon Region Government [Member]
Repayment Of Grants | €							€ 314,406
Other income				$ 733,614
Terms Of Agreement Description				it is due to pay a 6% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €314,406 and the 6% royalty on revenue, is twice the amount of funding received	it is due to pay a 6% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €314,406 and the 6% royalty on revenue, is twice the amount of funding received
Amount Repayable				$ 27,597
Grant Receivable | €							1,048,020
In 2018 [Member] | BNP Paribas leasing solutions [Member] | Finance Lease Obligations [Member]
Amount payable				$ 0
Purchase Price For The Property | €							€ 25,000
Maturity Date				January 2022	January 2022
Implicit Interest				1.35%			1.35%
Leased Equipment Amortized Term				5 years	5 years
In 2018 [Member] | Walloon Region Government [Member] | Colorectal Cancer Research Agreement [Member]
Repayment Of Grants | €							€ 181,500
Terms Of Agreement Description				it is due to pay a 3.53% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €181,500 and the 3.53% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received	it is due to pay a 3.53% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €181,500 and the 3.53% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received
Amount Repayable				$ 102,128
Grant Receivable | €							605,000
Grant Repaid By Installments				over 12 years	over 12 years
In 2018 [Member] | University of Taiwan [Member] | Clinical Study Research Agreement [Member]
Collaborative Obligations Amount Due				$ 510,000
Collaborative Obligations Amount				$ 2,550,000
Lease Agreement Expire Period				3 years	3 years
In 2020 [Member] | Walloon Region Government [Member]
Repayment Of Grants | €							148,500
Terms Of Agreement Description				it is due to pay a 2.89% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €148,500 and the 2.89% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received	it is due to pay a 2.89% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €148,500 and the 2.89% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received
Amount Repayable				$ 94,600
Grant Receivable | €							495,000
Grant Repaid By Installments				over 10 years	over 10 years
In 2020 [Member] | Walloon Region Government [Member] | Colorectal Cancer Research Agreement [Member]
Repayment Of Grants | €							278,830
Terms Of Agreement Description				it is due to pay a 4.34% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €278,830 and the 4.34% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received	it is due to pay a 4.34% royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of €278,830 and the 4.34% royalty on revenue, is equal to the amount of funding received
Amount Repayable				$ 254,237
Grant Receivable | €							€ 929,433
Grant Repaid By Installments				over 15 years	over 15 years
In 2016 [Member] | ING [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Maturity Date				May 2031	May 2031
Fixed Interest Rate On Lease				2.62%			2.62%
Lease Payable				$ 448,592
In 2016 [Member] | ING [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				15 years	15 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 270,000
Fixed Interest Rate				2.62%			2.62%
Maturity Date				December 2031	December 2031
Principal Balance Payable				$ 175,055
In 2016 [Member] | Namur Invest [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				7 years	7 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 440,000
Fixed Interest Rate				4.85%			4.85%
Maturity Date				December 2023	December 2023
Total Long-term Debt				$ 0
November 23, 2021 [Member] | SOFINEX [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				3 years 5 months 30 days	3 years 5 months 30 days
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 450,000
Fixed Interest Rate				5%			5%
Maturity Date				June 2025	June 2025
Principal Balance Payable				$ 289,773
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 450,000
In 2017 [Member] | SOFINEX [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				7 years	7 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 1,000,000
Fixed Interest Rate				4.50%			4.50%
Maturity Date				September 2024	September 2024
Total Long-term Debt				$ 275,974
In 2019 [Member] | Namur Invest [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				4 years	4 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 500,000
Fixed Interest Rate				4.80%			4.80%
Maturity Date				September 2024	September 2024
Total Long-term Debt				$ 126,186
In 2020 [Member] | Namur Invest [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				10 years	10 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 830,000
Fixed Interest Rate				4%			4%
Maturity Date				March 2031	March 2031
Principal Balance Payable				$ 699,560
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 633,719
August 16, 2022 [Member] | Namur [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				4 years	4 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 1,000,000
Fixed Interest Rate				6%			6%
Maturity Date				July 2026	July 2026
Principal Balance Payable				$ 836,745
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 1,000,000
November 18, 2022 [Member] | Namur [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				4 years	4 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 500,000
Fixed Interest Rate				5.45%			5.45%
Maturity Date				December 2027	December 2027
Principal Balance Payable				$ 551,949
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 500,000
In June 2023 [Member] | Namur Invest [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				4 years	4 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 400,000
Fixed Interest Rate				7%			7%
Maturity Date				June 2027	June 2027
Principal Balance Payable				$ 200,000
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 220,780
In December 2023 [Member] | Wallonie Entreprendre [Member] | Loan Agreement [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member]
Loan Agreement Term				5 years	5 years
Repayment Of Long-term Loan Amount | €					€ 2,500,000
Fixed Interest Rate				7.68%			7.68%
Maturity Date				December 2028	December 2028
Total Long-term Debt				$ 1,655,845
Agreement Under Amount | €					€ 1,500,000
October 31 2022 [Member] | 2015 Plan
Stock option granted shares | shares				1,000,000			1,000,000
Restricted stock option granted shares | shares				1,144,000			1,144,000
Restricted stock option approved granted shares | shares				500,000	500,000
September 30, 2023
Recognized total compensation expense				$ 173,986
Unrecognized compensation expense				924,313
Two Thousand Twenty Two [Member] | Univercity Of Texas MD [Member]
Collaborative Obligations Amount Due				449,406
Additional Cost Of Company				449,406
August Two Thousand Twenty Three [Member] | Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust [Member]
Collaborative Obligations Amount Due				41,339
Additional Cost Of Company				206,697
Cost				162,338
July Thirty One Thousand Twenty Three [Member] | Xenetic Biosciences Inc and CLS Therapeutics [Member]
Collaborative Obligations Amount Due				26,142
Additional Cost Of Company				107,589
Cost				$ 107,589
Tamu [Member]
Debt conversion, Converted instrument, Rate			7.50%
Additional interest			5%
Equity interest in Volition Vet				12.50%	12.50%
Equity Interest			12.50%

Subsequent Events (Details Narr

Subsequent Events (Details Narrative)			1 Months Ended		2 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 02, 2024 shares	Feb. 10, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 19, 2024 EUR (€)	Feb. 22, 2024 USD ($) shares	Mar. 15, 2024 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Mar. 01, 2024 shares	Feb. 09, 2024 shares	Jan. 16, 2024 shares	Jan. 13, 2024 shares
Stock-based compensation expense | $						$ 2,289,545	$ 3,114,659
Common stock, shares issued						81,898,321	57,873,379
Subsequent Event [Member]
Additional cost | $		$ 700,000
Stock-based compensation expense | $				$ 13,590
Restricted stock option approved granted shares	2,943
Common stock, shares issued								6,057			21,582
RSUs granted cancelled									2,000	36,000
RSUs, granted				14,000
RSUs, vested								9,000			21,582
Common stock shares sold					13,350
Aggregate proceeds | $					$ 15,733
Grant Repaid RSUs vest				over 3 years
Employment Agreement [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
Annual base salary | €			€ 180,000
EpiCypher [Member]
Issuance of shares of restricted common stock						129,132