Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies For all periods presented in our Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, all sales, costs, expenses, gains and income taxes attributable to Mode Transportation, LLC (“Mode”) have been reported under the captions, “Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Income Taxes.” Cash flows used in or provided by Mode have been reported in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows under operating and investing activities. Business : Hub Group, Inc. (“Hub”, “we”, “us” or “our”) provides intermodal transportation services utilizing primarily third-party arrangements with railroads. Local pick-up and delivery services (referred to as “drayage”) can be provided by our subsidiary, Hub Group Trucking, Inc. (“HGT”), or a third-party company. We offer a dedicated fleet of equipment and drivers through our dedicated line of business. We also arrange for transportation of freight by truck and perform logistics services. On December 9, 2020, we acquired NonstopDelivery, LLC (“NSD”). Refer to Note 5 “Acquisitions” for additional information regarding NSD. On December 3, 2018, a subsidiary of Hub Group, Inc. merged with CaseStack, Inc. (“CaseStack”) (the “CaseStack Acquisition”). Refer to Note 5 “Acquisitions” for additional information regarding CaseStack. On August 31, 2018, we sold Mode, a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Disposition”). Refer to Note 4 “Discontinued Operations” for additional information regarding results from discontinued operations. Principles of Consolidation : The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and all entities in which we have more than a 50% equity ownership or otherwise exercise unilateral control. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Cash and Cash Equivalents : We consider as cash equivalents all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our cash and temporary investments were with high quality financial institutions in demand deposit accounts (“DDAs”), savings accounts and an interest-bearing checking account. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts: On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326), which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”). The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including trade receivables. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2020 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable generally accepted accounting principles. The impact of adopting the standard was immaterial. In accordance with the standard, trade receivables are reported at amortized cost net of the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the trade receivables’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the receivables. Trade receivables are charged off against the allowance when we believe the uncollectibility of a receivable balance is confirmed, and the expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. Management continuously reviews and assesses the environment, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, and its potential impact on the credit worthiness and collectability of our accounts receivable with customers most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our allowance for credit losses is presented in the allowance for uncollectible trade accounts and is immaterial at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The allowance for uncollectible trade accounts also includes estimated adjustments to revenue for items such as billing disputes. Our reserve for uncollectible accounts was approximately $8.3 million and $6.9 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Receivables are written off once collection efforts have been exhausted. Recoveries of receivables previously charged off are recorded when received. Property and Equipment : Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method at rates adequate to depreciate the cost of the applicable assets over their expected useful lives: building and improvements, up to 40 years; leasehold improvements, the shorter of useful life or lease term; computer equipment and software, up to 10 years; furniture and equipment, up to 10 years; and transportation equipment up to 16 years. Direct costs related to internally developed software projects are capitalized and amortized over their expected useful life on a straight-line basis not to exceed 10 years. Interest is capitalized on qualifying assets under development for internal use. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred and major improvements are capitalized. The cost of assets retired or otherwise disposed of and the accumulated depreciation thereon are removed from the accounts with any gain or loss realized upon sale or disposal charged or credited to operations. We review long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In the event that the undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the assets carrying amount over its fair value, less cost to dispose, is recorded. Capitalized Internal Use Software and Cloud Computing Costs: We capitalize internal and external costs, which include costs related to the development of our cloud computing or hosting arrangements, incurred to develop internal use software per ASC Subtopic 350-40. Internal use software has both the of the following characteristics: the software is acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet our needs and during the development or modification, no substantive plan exists or is being developed to market the software externally. Only costs incurred during the application development stage and costs to develop or obtain software that allows for access to or conversion of old data by new systems are capitalized. Capitalization of costs begins when the preliminary project stage is complete, management has committed to funding the project and it is probable the project will be completed, and the software will be used to perform its intended function. The measurement of the costs to capitalize include fees paid to third parties, costs incurred to obtain software from third parties, travel expenses incurred by employees in their duties associated with developing software, payroll related costs for employees who spend time directly on the project and interest costs incurred while developing internal-use software or implementing a hosting arrangement. Capitalization ceases no later than when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, after all substantial testing is complete. Goodwill and Other Intangibles : In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04 Intangibles – Goodwill and other (Topic 350): simplifying the test for goodwill impairment. This ASU simplifies how all entities assess goodwill for impairment by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. As amended, the goodwill impairment test will consist of one step comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, as required. The adoption of Topic 350 had no material effect on our financial statements. Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair market value of net assets acquired in connection with our business combinations. Goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are subject to annual impairment tests. We test goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of this asset might exceed the current fair value. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. Since the Disposition, we only have one reporting unit. We assess qualitative factors such as current company performance and overall economic factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying value and whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the quantitative goodwill test, a company compares the carrying value of a reporting unit to its fair value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, then a goodwill impairment charge will be recognized in the amount by which carrying amount exceeds fair value, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We evaluate the potential impairment of finite-lived acquired intangible assets when impairment indicators exist. If the carrying value is no longer recoverable based upon the undiscounted future cash flows of the asset, the amount of the impairment is the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. Claims Accruals: We purchase insurance coverage for a portion of expenses related to employee injuries, vehicular collisions, accidents, and cargo damage. Certain insurance arrangements include high self-insurance retention limits or deductibles applicable to each claim. We have umbrella policies to limit our exposure to large claim costs. Our claims accrual policy for all self-insured claims is to recognize a liability at the time of the incident based on our analysis of the nature and severity of the claims and analyses provided by third-party claims administrators, as well as legal and regulatory factors. Our safety and claims personnel work directly with representatives from the insurance companies to continually update the estimated cost of each claim. The ultimate cost of a claim develops over time as additional information regarding the nature, timing, and extent of damages claimed becomes available. Accordingly, we use an actuarial method to develop current claim information to derive an estimate of our ultimate claim liability. This process involves the use of loss-development factors based on our historical claims experience. In doing so, the recorded liability factors in future growth of claims and an allowance for incurred-but-not-reported claims. We do not discount our estimated losses. In addition, we record receivables for amounts expected to be reimbursed for payments made in excess of self-insurance levels on covered claims related to auto liability and workers’ compensation. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had an accrual of approximately $32.1 million and $20.0 million, respectively for estimated claims. We had no significant receivables recorded for payments in excess of our self-insured levels. Our claims accruals are classified in accrued other and non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, based on when the claim is estimated to be paid. Concentration of Credit Risk : Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We place our cash and temporary investments with high quality financial institutions in DDAs, savings accounts and an interest-bearing checking account. We primarily serve customers located throughout the United States with no significant concentration in any one region. One customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue in 2019 or 2018. We review a customer’s credit history before extending credit. In addition, we routinely assess the financial strength of our customers and, as a consequence, believe that our trade accounts receivable risk is limited. Revenue Recognition : In accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers our significant accounting policy for revenue is as follows: Revenue is recognized when we transfer services to our customer in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of services, which are capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue. Provision for Income Taxes : Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between financial and income tax reporting using tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. We believe that it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will be realized based on future taxable income projections with two exceptions for which we have established valuation allowances. We have established valuation allowances of $0.1 million related to state tax net operating losses and $6.4 million related to federal and state tax credit carryforwards. In the event the probability of realizing the remaining deferred tax assets does not meet the more likely than not threshold in the future, a valuation allowance would be established for the deferred tax assets deemed unrecoverable. Tax liabilities are recorded when, in management’s judgment, a tax position does not meet the more likely than not threshold for recognition as prescribed by the guidance. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, a tax liability may be recorded depending on management’s assessment of how the tax position will ultimately be settled. We recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax liabilities in our provision for income taxes. Earnings Per Common Share : Basic earnings per common share are based on the average quarterly weighted average number of Class A and Class B shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share are adjusted for restricted stock using the treasury stock method. Stock Based Compensation: Share-based compensation includes the restricted stock awards expected to vest based on the grant date fair value. Compensation expense is amortized straight-line over the vesting period and is included in salaries and benefits . New Pronouncements: In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement. This standard is effective for public business entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. This standard requires changes to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements for certain Level 3 items and specifies that some of the changes must be applied prospectively, while others should be applied retrospectively. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2020, but it did not have an impact on our financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU clarifies and simplifies accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions for intraperiod tax allocation principles, the methodology for calculating income tax rates in an interim period, and recognition of deferred taxes for outside basis difference in an investment, among other updates. The effective date of this ASU is for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2020. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021, but it did not have an impact on our financial statements. Use of Estimates : The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the allowance for uncollectible trade accounts, exposure for self-insured claims under our insurance policies and useful lives of assets. Actual results could differ from these estimates. |