EQUITY | The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, authorizes the issuance of two classes of stock to be designated “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock.” The Preferred Stock may be divided into such number of series and with the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as the Board of Directors may determine. Series A Convertible Preferred Stock On September 15, 2017, the Company filed the Certificate of Designations of the Series A Preferred with the Delaware Secretary of State, designating 31,021 shares of the Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, as Series A Preferred. Shares of Series A Preferred accrue dividends at a rate of 8% per annum if the Company chooses to pay accrued dividends in cash, and 10% per annum if the Company chooses to pay accrued dividends in shares of Common Stock. Each share of Series A Preferred has a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share and is convertible, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the Liquidation Preference, divided by $1.15 (“ Conversion Shares Holders of Series A Preferred may elect to convert shares of Series A Preferred into Conversion Shares at any time. In the event the volume-weighted average price (“ VWAP On September 18, 2017, the Company offered and sold a total of 11,000 shares of Series A Preferred at a purchase price of $1,000 per share (the “ Series A Financing Concurrently with the Series A Financing, the Company entered into Exchange Agreements with holders of all outstanding shares of the Company’s Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, all outstanding shares of the Company’s Series F Convertible Preferred Stock and all outstanding shares of the Company's Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (collectively, the “ Exchanged Preferred Preferred Stock Exchange The Company evaluated the Preferred Stock Exchange and determined that the Preferred Stock Exchange was both an induced conversion and an extinguishment transaction. Using the guidance in ASC 260-10-S99-2, Earnings Per Share – SEC Materials – SEC Staff Announcement: The Effect on the Calculations of Earnings Per Share for a Period That Includes the Redemption or Induced Conversion of Preferred Stock and Debt – Modifications and Extinguishments, On September 10, 2018, the Company filed an Amendment to the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock with the Delaware Division of Corporations to increase the number of shares of Series A Preferred authorized for issuance thereunder to 38,000 shares. On September 10, 2018, the Company entered into the Exchange Agreements with Goldman and Crocker, pursuant to which Goldman and Crocker agreed to exchange approximately $6.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of outstanding debt (including accrued and unpaid interest) owed under the terms of their respective Lines of Credit for an aggregate of 6,896 shares of Series A Preferred. On September 10, 2018 the Company’s Board of Directors also declared a Special Dividend for Holders of the Series A Preferred, pursuant to which each Holder received a Dividend Warrant to purchase 39.87 shares of Common Stock for every share of Series A Preferred held, which resulted in the issuance of Dividend Warrants to the Holders as a group to purchase an aggregate of 1,493,856 shares of Common Stock. Each Dividend Warrant has an exercise price of $0.01 per share, and is exercisable immediately upon issuance; provided, however The Company evaluated this warrant issuance in conjunction with the Series A Preferred becoming junior to the Series C Preferred in liquidation preference and determined such warrants and changes in liquidation preference to be in effect a modification of the Series A Preferred. To determine the effect of this modification, the Company, using fair value methodologies, determined the value of the Series A Preferred both pre and post warrant issuance. The valuation indicated an increase in the fair value of the Series A Preferred post issuance of approximately $92,000. The Company recorded this incremental increase as a deemed dividend. The Company had 37,467 shares and 31,021 shares of Series A Preferred outstanding as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had cumulative undeclared dividends of $0. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 certain holders of Series A Preferred converted 450 shares of Series A Preferred into 391,304 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The Company issued the holders of Series A Preferred and shares of Common Stock on March 31, 2018, June 30, 2018 and September 30, 2018, respectively, as payment of dividends due on that date. Series B Convertible Preferred Stock The Company had 239,400 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (“ Series B Preferred Common Stock On February 8, 2018, the Company filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized number of shares of its Common Stock to from 150,000,000 shares to 175,000,000 shares. The following table summarizes Common Stock activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018: Common Stock Shares outstanding at December 31, 2017 94,167,836 Shares issued as payment of stock dividend on Series A Preferred 1,954,093 Shares issued as payment of stock dividend on Series C Preferred 55,736 Shares issued pursuant to conversion of Series A Preferred 391,304 Shares issued pursuant to option exercises 148,757 Shares outstanding at September 30, 2018 96,717,726 Warrants The following table summarizes warrant activity for the following periods: Warrants Weighted- Average Exercise Price Balance at December 31, 2017 230,000 $ 0.91 Granted 1,533,856 0.05 Expired/Canceled — — Exercised — — Balance at September 30, 2018 1,763,856 $ 0.16 As of September 30, 2018, warrants to purchase 1,763,856 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.01 to $1.46 were outstanding. All warrants are exercisable as of September 30, 2018 except for an aggregate of 1,643,856 warrants, which become exercisable only upon the attainment of specified events, and 20,000 warrants that become exercisable on June 7, 2019. Such warrants expire at various dates through September 2028. The intrinsic value of warrants outstanding at September 30, 2018 was approximately $22,500. The Company has excluded from this computation any intrinsic value of the 1,426,725 warrants issued to the Series A Preferred stockholders due to the conversion exercise contingency more fully described below. As discussed above, on September 10, 2018 the Company’s Board of Directors declared a Special Dividend for Holders of the Series A Preferred, pursuant to which each Holder received a Dividend Warrant to purchase 39.87 shares of Common Stock for every share of Series A Preferred held, which resulted in the issuance of Dividend Warrants to the Holders as a group to purchase an aggregate of 1,493,856 shares of Common Stock. Each Dividend Warrant has an exercise price of $0.01 per share, and is exercisable immediately upon issuance; provided, however Stock-Based Compensation The Company’s 1999 Stock Award Plan (the “ 1999 Plan The Company estimates the fair value of its stock options using a Black-Scholes option-valuation model, consistent with the provisions of ASC No. 718 , Compensation – Stock Compensation ASC No. 718 requires the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option-valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, and interest rates. The Company is required to make various assumptions in the application of the Black-Scholes option-valuation model. The Company has determined that the best measure of expected volatility is based on the historical weekly volatility of the Company’s Common Stock. Historical volatility factors utilized in the Company’s Black-Scholes computations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 ranged from 58% to 64%. The Company has elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the SEC approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110. The expected term used by the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was 5.17 years. The difference between the actual historical expected life and the simplified method was immaterial. The interest rate used is the risk-free interest rate and is based upon U.S. Treasury rates appropriate for the expected term. The interest rate used in the Company’s Black-Scholes calculations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was %. Dividend yield is zero, as the Company does not expect to declare any dividends on the Company’s Common Stock in the foreseeable future. In addition to the key assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model, the estimated forfeiture rate at the time of valuation is a critical assumption. The Company has estimated an annualized forfeiture rate of approximately 0% for corporate officers, 4.1% for members of the Board of Directors and 6.0% for all other employees. The Company reviews the expected forfeiture rate annually to determine if that percent is still reasonable based on historical experience. A summary of the activity under the Company’s stock option plans is as follows: Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Balance at December 31, 2017 6,093,512 $ 1.23 Granted 1,505,500 $ 1.69 Expired/Cancelled (132,076 ) $ 0.83 Exercised (148,757 ) $ 1.00 Balance at September 30, 2018 7,318,179 $ 1.32 The intrinsic value of options exercisable at September 30, 2018 was approximately $412,000. The aggregate intrinsic value for all options outstanding as of September 30, 2018 was approximately $412,000. The weighted-average grant-date per share fair value of options granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $0.55 and $0.95, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date per share fair value of options granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $0.56 and $0.77, respectively. At September 30, 2018, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options amounted to approximately $1,235,000, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. In January 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 324,000 options to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to certain members of the Company’s Board of Directors in return for their service on the Board from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018. Such options vest at the rate of 27,000 options per month on the last day of each month during the 2018 year. The options have an exercise price of $1.75 per share and a term of 10 years. Pursuant to this issuance, the Company recorded compensation expense of approximately $80,000 and $240,000 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, based on the grant-date fair value of the options determined using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model. Stock-based compensation related to equity options, including options granted to certain members of the Company’s Board of Directors, has been classified as follows in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 Cost of revenue $ 5 $ 5 $ 16 $ 14 General and administrative 202 163 663 493 Sales and marketing 52 55 175 165 Research and development 49 50 160 151 Total $ 308 $ 273 $ 1,014 $ 823 |