UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý | | QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | |
| | For Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2006 |
| | |
| | Or |
| | |
o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | |
| | For the transition period from to |
| | |
| | Commission file number 33-90516 |

NEOPHARM, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | | 51-0327886 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
| | |
| | |
1850 Lakeside Drive Waukegan, Illinois 60085 |
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) |
| | |
| | |
(847) 887-0800 |
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer , or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
As of April 28, 2006, the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock was as follows:
Title of each class | | Number of shares outstanding |
Common Stock ($.0002145 par value) | | 27,783,001 |
NEOPHARM, INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
2
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 - Financial Statements
NEOPHARM, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 6,283,879 | | $ | 1,486,172 | |
Short-term investments | | 53,473,297 | | 28,776,020 | |
Trade accounts receivable, net | | 1,735 | | 1,285 | |
Inventories | | 5,607 | | 5,677 | |
Prepaid expenses | | 619,902 | | 727,432 | |
Other receivables | | — | | 155 | |
Total current assets | | 60,384,420 | | 30,996,741 | |
Fixed assets, net | | 2,013,290 | | 2,157,507 | |
Other assets | | 217,250 | | 215,737 | |
Total assets | | $ | 62,614,960 | | $ | 33,369,985 | |
| | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | |
Obligations under capital lease | | $ | 28,489 | | $ | — | |
Accounts payable | | 457,103 | | 683,168 | |
Accrued clinical trial expense | | 4,941,861 | | 5,369,507 | |
Accrued compensation | | 1,062,596 | | 1,888,534 | |
Other accrued expenses | | 918,791 | | 1,447,265 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | 262,614 | | — | |
Deferred and unearned revenue | | 1,170 | | — | |
Total current liabilities | | 7,672,624 | | 9,388,474 | |
| | | | | |
Obligations under capital lease | | 128,035 | | — | |
Deferred revenue | | 2,000,000 | | 2,000,000 | |
Deferred rent | | 50,768 | | 36,187 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | 845,969 | | — | |
| | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 15,000,000 shares authorized: none issued and outstanding | | — | | — | |
Common stock, $0.0002145 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized: 27,765,051 and 23,740,051 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | | 5,956 | | 5,092 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 287,615,287 | | 249,964,947 | |
Accumulated deficit | | (235,703,679 | ) | (228,024,715 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | | 51,917,564 | | 21,945,324 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 62,614,960 | | $ | 33,369,985 | |
The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
NEOPHARM, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005
(Unaudited)
| | Three-Month Periods Ended | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | March 31, 2005 | |
Collaboration revenue | | $ | — | | $ | 65,000 | |
Product revenue | | 1,610 | | 6,300 | |
Total revenue | | 1,610 | | 71,300 | |
| | | | | |
Expenses: | | | | | |
Cost of product revenue | | 70 | | 290 | |
Research and development | | 5,843,761 | | 8,073,761 | |
Selling, general, and administrative | | 3,045,558 | | 3,233,309 | |
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments | | (543,128 | ) | — | |
Total expenses | | 8,346,261 | | 11,307,360 | |
Loss from operations | | (8,344,651 | ) | (11,236,060 | ) |
| | | | | |
Interest income, net | | 665,687 | | 371,787 | |
Net loss | | $ | (7,678,964 | ) | $ | (10,864,273 | ) |
Net loss per share — | | | | | |
Basic and diluted | | $ | (0.28 | ) | $ | (0.46 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding — | | | | | |
Basic and diluted | | 27,317,829 | | 23,469,462 | |
The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
NEOPHARM, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005
(Unaudited)
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | March 31, 2005 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (7,678,964 | ) | $ | (10,864,273 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 334,472 | | 333,764 | |
Stock-based compensation expense | | 571,529 | | 152,719 | |
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments | | (543,128 | ) | — | |
(Gain)/loss on retirement of equipment and furniture | | (511 | ) | 6,773 | |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | |
Decrease in current assets | | 60,028 | | 352,809 | |
Increase in other assets | | (1,513 | ) | — | |
Decrease in other current liabilities | | (2,008,123 | ) | (1,201,256 | ) |
Increase in deferred and unearned revenue | | 1,170 | | 1,840,495 | |
Increase in deferred rent | | 14,581 | | — | |
Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities | | (9,250,459 | ) | (9,378,969 | ) |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | |
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities | | 16,150,000 | | 11,500,000 | |
Purchase of marketable securities | | (40,800,000 | ) | (54,050,000 | ) |
Purchase of equipment and furniture | | (28,649 | ) | (7,319 | ) |
| | | | | |
Net cash and cash equivalents used in investing activities | | (24,678,649 | ) | (42,557,319 | ) |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | | 38,731,386 | | — | |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | — | | 644,461 | |
Repayment of capital lease obligation | | (4,571 | ) | — | |
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by financing activities | | 38,726,815 | | 644,461 | |
| | | | | |
Net increase /(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | 4,797,707 | | (51,291,827 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 1,486,172 | | 52,736,320 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 6,283,879 | | $ | 1,444,493 | |
| | | | | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash paid for: | | | | | |
Interest | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
Income taxes | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the Company entered into a capital lease obligation for office equipment of $161,095.
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company issued 23,692 shares of the Company’s common stock in satisfaction of a liability in the amount of $188,353.
The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.
5
NEOPHARM, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Note 1 Basis of Presentation
The financial information herein is unaudited. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 is derived from audited financial statements.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of NeoPharm, Inc. and subsidiary (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not contain all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2006 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for fiscal 2006 or future interim periods.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of NeoPharm, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, NeoPharm EU Limited. NeoPharm EU Limited was created in 2004 to comply with regulatory requirements enacted for clinical trials conducted in the European Union. This subsidiary has nominal assets and had not conducted any business. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
While the Company believes that the disclosures presented are adequate to make the information not misleading, it is suggested that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain amounts in 2005 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. In particular, the Company classifies investments in auction rate certificates as short-term investments, which had previously been classified as a cash equivalent. This reclassification affected the classification of cash flows from investing activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2005 which reflects purchases of marketable securities of $54,050,000 and proceeds from sales of marketable securities of 11,500,000, related to the auction rate certificates.
The Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”), which requires the recognition of compensation expense related to the fair value of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards effective January 1, 2006. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company accounted for stock-based awards to directors, officers, and employees using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (“APB 25”) as allowed under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). Under the intrinsic value method, compensation expense is measured on the date of grant if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price or when the number of shares and exercise price are known if both are not determinable at the date of grant. Compensation expense for fixed stock options is recognized ratably over the vesting period. SFAS 123 established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair value method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS 123, the Company elected to apply the intrinsic value method of accounting described above, and only adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123.
The Company adopted SFAS No. 123R using the modified prospective method. Under this transition method, compensation expense recognized in the 2006 condensed consolidated statement of operations includes: a) compensation expense for the fair value of the remaining portion of the requisite service period for all share-based awards granted prior to, but not vested as of January 1, 2006, and b) compensation expense for the fair value for all share-based awards granted or modified subsequent to January 1, 2006. In conjunction with the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company has adopted a policy of recognizing compensation expense on a straight-line basis. Under the pro forma disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, in prior periods, the Company recognized expense on a straight-line basis and considered the effect of forfeitures in the period an award was cancelled.
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments-an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140, to simplify and make more consistent the accounting for certain financial instruments. SFAS No. 155 applies to all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006 with earlier application allowed. The adoption of SFAS No. 155 is not expected to have a material impact on the
6
Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
Note 2 Loss Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | March 31, 2005 | |
Numerator: | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (7,678,964 | ) | $ | (10,864,273 | ) |
| | | | | |
Denominator: | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding | | 27,317,829 | | 23,469,462 | |
| | | | | |
Loss per share - basic and diluted | | $ | (0.28 | ) | $ | (0.46 | ) |
| | | | | |
Potential common share equivalents: | | | | | |
Stock options | | 4,094,857 | | 3,572,677 | |
As the Company has incurred a net loss for all periods presented, basic and diluted per share amounts are the same, since the effect of all potential common share equivalents is anti-dilutive.
Note 3 Stock-based Compensation
The Company currently has a share-based payment plan in place, which is described below. Amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements with respect to this plan are as follows:
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | March 31, 2005 | |
| | | | | |
Research and development | | $ | 167,187 | | $ | — | |
General and administrative | | 404,342 | | 152,719 | |
| | | | | |
Total cost of share-based payment plans during the period | | $ | 571,529 | | $ | 152,719 | |
No amounts of share-based compensation cost have been capitalized into inventory or other assets during the quarters ended March 31, 2006 or 2005.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company applied the intrinsic-value method of accounting for share-based compensation. The following table illustrates the effect on net loss if the fair-value method of accounting, as prescribed by SFAS No. 123, had been applied:
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31, 2005 | |
Net loss as reported | | $ | (10,864,273 | ) |
| | | |
Add: stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss (1) | | 152,719 | |
| | | |
Less: total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards | | (178,341 | ) |
| | | |
Pro forma net loss | | $ | (10,889,895 | ) |
| | | |
Basic and diluted loss per common share | | | |
As reported | | $ | (0.46 | ) |
Pro forma | | $ | (0.46 | ) |
(1) Value of restricted stock granted to non-employee directors and compensation expense relating to options granted to an executive at 85% of fair value.
7
The Company maintains the 1998 Equity Incentive Plan (Option Plan), which replaced all prior equity incentive plans. The Option Plan, provides for the grant of awards (options, nonvested stock, performance units or performance shares) to employees, directors, and consultants to acquire up to 4,600,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant, but may be granted with an exercise price less than 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock. Option awards typically vest based upon continuous service in increments of 25% of the total grant on the first four anniversaries of the original grant and are exercisable as the options vest, subject to the Company’s policies in effect from time to time concerning transactions by employees in the Company’s securities. Option awards typically have 10 year contractual terms. Nonvested stock awards are granted to non-employee directors of the Company and typically vest after a service period of 1 year. Option and nonvested stock awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the Option Plan). Although the Option Plan provides for the grant of performance units and performance shares, the Company has not made grants of these types of awards. As of March 31, 2006, approximately 345,323 shares were available for issuance under the Option Plan.
The following is a summary of activity relating to option awards to employees and non-employee directors during the three months ended March 31, 2006:
| | Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |
Outstanding - beginning of year | | 3,571,132 | | $ | 13.07 | | | | | |
Granted | | 297,400 | | $ | 12.31 | | | | | |
Exercised | | — | | | | | | | |
Forfeited/expired/cancelled | | (7,700 | ) | $ | 12.20 | | | | | |
Outstanding - end of period | | 3,860,832 | | $ | 13.02 | | 4.77 | | $ | 1,299,548 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable - end of period | | 2,701,707 | | $ | 14.50 | | 3.06 | | $ | 1,159,564 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period | | | | $ | 8.02 | | | | | |
There were no option awards exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2006.
As of March 31, 2006, the Company expects to recognize approximately $6.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company granted 80,000 options with a weighted average grant date fair value of $5.33. 180,920 options were exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2005 with an intrinsic value of approximately $628,705.
In 2005, the Company granted 36,010 shares of nonvested common stock to non-employee directors of the Company with a weighted average granted date fair value of $9.76. As of March 31, 2006, there were 36,010 nonvested restricted shares outstanding, with $77,911 of remaining unrecognized compensation expense to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 months.
Through 2000, the Company granted option awards to certain non-employees. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, these awards were required to be classified as a liability and are subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 133”). See Note 9, Derivative Financial Instruments.
Valuation Information
The Company estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires
8
the input of subjective assumptions that will usually have a significant impact on the fair value estimate. The weighted-average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $8.02 per share using the Black Scholes model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31, 2006 | |
Expected volatility | | 71.33 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 4.38 | % |
Expected term (in years) | | 6.25 | |
Expected dividend yield | | 0.0 | % |
The Company based the calculation of expected volatility on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the expected term. The Company based the risk-free interest rate on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of option grant, and the expected term of options was determined using the SAB 107 “Safe Harbor.” Assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for calculating the weighted average fair value of $5.73 for options granted in fiscal year 2005 are as follows: expected volatility was 70.46%, weighted average risk-free interest rate was 4.25%, weighted average expected term was 6.25 years, and expected dividend yield was 0.0%.
Note 4 Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Included with cash are cash equivalents of $3,055,896 and $104,305 as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. The carrying value of these investments approximates their fair market value due to their short maturity and liquidity.
Note 5 Short-term Investments
Short-term investments represent investments in auction rate certificates and have been classified as available-for-sale. Short-term investments as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 are summarized as follows:
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
State government agencies | | $ | 53,350,000 | | $ | 28,700,000 | |
Total | | $ | 53,350,000 | | $ | 28,700,000 | |
Included with the carrying value of the investments is accrued interest income receivable of $123,297 and $76,020 as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.
Short-term investments are stated at cost, which approximate fair value due to their variable interest rates, which typically reset every 7 to 35 days. As of March 31, 2006, the Company’s investments in auction rate certificates have contractual maturities of greater than ten years. Despite the long-term nature of their stated contractual maturities, the Company has demonstrated the ability to liquidate these securities as needed. Accordingly, as these securities represent the investment of cash, which is available for operations, they have been classified as a current asset on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 6 Inventory
Inventory is comprised solely of finished goods associated with NeoPhectin and is stated at the lower of cost or market, as determined by the first in, first out method (“FIFO”). Inventory cost consists of direct material and direct labor costs. Since products are currently produced in the Company’s research and development facilities, the Company has not allocated any overhead costs as a product cost. Application of overhead as a product cost is not material.
Inventory at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 consisted of the following:
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | | | | |
Finished goods on hand | | $ | 5,537 | | $ | 5,677 | |
Inventory subject to return | | 70 | | — | |
| | | | | |
| | $ | 5,607 | | $ | 5,677 | |
Inventory subject to return represents NeoPhectin products shipped to wholesale customers that have not been recognized as revenue.
9
Note 7 Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are recorded at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Maintenance and repairs that do not extend the life of assets are charged to expense when incurred. When properties are disposed of, the related costs and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reported in the period the disposition takes place. Total depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 was $334,472 and $333,764, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the Company acquired office equipment under a 5-year capital lease for $161,095.
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.
Note 8 Capital Lease
Minimum future lease payments under capital lease as of March 31, 2006 for each of the next five years and in the aggregate are as follows:
For the period April 1, 2006 through December 31, 2006 | | $ | 28,368 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2007 | | $ | 37,824 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2008 | | $ | 37,824 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2009 | | $ | 37,824 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2010 | | $ | 37,824 | |
Subsequent to 2010 | | $ | 3,152 | |
| | | |
Total minimum lease payments | | $ | 182,816 | |
Less amount representing interest | | 26,292 | |
Present value of minimum lease payments | | $ | 156,524 | |
Note 9 Derivative Financial Instruments
Through 2000, the Company had granted common stock options to certain non-employees, as compensation associated with research and development activities, to purchase shares of which 234,025 were fully vested and unexercised as of January 1, 2006, the effective date of SFAS No. 123R. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 123R, these non-employee common stock options were required to be classified as a liability and became subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 133, which requires these non-employee options to be accounted for as a derivative instrument.
As of January 1, 2006, the Company calculated the estimated fair value of the options outstanding granted to non-employees to be $1,651,711 and reclassified this amount from additional paid-in-capital to a liability. The estimated fair value of the non-employee options is remeasured each reporting period and the change in estimated fair value is recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2006, the Company remeasured and calculated the estimated fair value of the outstanding non-employee options to be $1,108,583 and recorded the change in fair value of $543,128 as a change in fair value of derivative financial instruments on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months March 31, 2006.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of the non-employee option grants. As of March 31, 2006, the remaining contractual terms of the outstanding non-employee options granted ranged from 1.2 months to 45.8 months. Other option pricing model inputs were determined based upon the remaining contractual terms of the non-employee options at the date of measurement for initial classification as a liability as of January 1, 2006 and the remeasurement of estimated fair value as of March 31, 2006.
Note 10 Stockholders’ Equity
On January 10, 2006, the Company received proceeds of $39,002,250 (net of underwriting discounts and commissions of $2,052,750 but before expenses of $270,864) by issuing 4,025,000 shares of common stock in a public offering.
In October 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted, subject to shareholder approval, an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) in which eligible employees of the Company may purchase shares of common stock at quarterly intervals, through payroll deductions. The purchase price per share is 85% of the closing price of the common stock on (i) the first business day of the plan
10
period or (ii) the purchase date, whichever closing price is less. The Purchase Plan imposes a limitation upon a participant’s right to acquire common stock if immediately after or prior to purchase the employee owns 5% or more of the total combined voting power or value of the Company’s common stock. The Purchase Plan is subject to shareholder approval and purchases under the Purchase Plan will not take place unless shareholder approval is received and accordingly, there is no financial statement impact until the Plan is approved and purchases are made under the Plan.
The Company maintains a Stockholder Rights Plan whereby rights to purchase shares of Series A Participating Preferred Stock become exercisable by the Company’s stockholders after any non-excluded party acquires, or announces an intention to acquire, 15% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock.
Note 11 Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured.
For product sales not subject to unconditional rights of return, the Company recognizes revenue upon shipment as title and risk of loss has passed to the customer. For product sales subject to unconditional rights of return, the Company recognizes revenue upon shipment when it can reasonably estimate the level of returns at the time of shipment. Given the limited sales history of its products, the Company is currently unable to reasonably estimate the level of returns at the time of shipment. Accordingly, revenue related to shipments to distributors that have been granted an unconditional right of return is currently being recognized when the right of return has expired, which occurs upon the earlier of shipment of the product by the distributor to an end user or expiration of the right of return, which is 60-180 days depending upon the distributor. The Company warrants its products in a manner consistent with industry standards and has not incurred any warranty costs related to the sale of NeoPhectin.
The Company enters into collaboration and technology licensing arrangements, which contain multiple deliverables. Under the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables, the Company evaluates whether these deliverables constitute separate units of accounting to which total arrangement consideration is allocated. A deliverable qualifies as a separate unit of accounting when the item delivered to the customer has standalone value, there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value of items that have not been delivered to the customer, and, if there is a general right of return for the items delivered to the customer, delivery or performance of the undelivered items is considered probable and substantially in the control of the Company. Arrangement consideration is allocated to units of accounting on a relative fair-value basis or the residual method if the Company is unable to determine the fair value of all deliverables in the arrangement. Consideration allocated to a unit of accounting is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon future performance by the Company. Upon determination of separate units of accounting and allocated consideration, the general criteria for revenue recognition are applied to each unit of accounting.
The Company has entered into an agreement with Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd (“Nippon”) in which the development and commercialization rights in Japan for cintredekin besudotox were licensed. The Company received a $2 million upfront nonrefundable fee in January 2005 and is entitled to receive future additional fees, milestone payments and royalties. Nippon is responsible for all development costs in Japan. The Company has agreed to provide or arrange for contract manufacture of a commercial supply of cintredekin besudotox upon receipt of marketing approval by Nippon. The up-front nonrefundable fee received by the Company will be recognized ratably as revenue once the general criteria for revenue recognition has been met for the unit of accounting to which the fee has been allocated.
Note 12 Commitments
On October 28, 2005, NeoPharm entered into an employment agreement with Guillermo A. Herrera (the “Herrera Agreement”) to serve as its President and CEO and member of the Board of Directors. Under the terms of the Herrera Agreement, Mr. Herrera’s annual base salary is $425,000 and he received a grant of shares of the Company’s common stock, at the time of hire, equal to a total fair market value of $200,000 based upon the closing price as of October 28, 2005. Mr. Herrera is also eligible for an annual performance-based bonus payment and receives a monthly car allowance of $1,000. Additionally, Mr. Herrera received a common stock option grant of 500,000 options with a grant price equal to the fair market value on the date of grant. The options vest in four equal annual installments on the anniversary of the option grant date.
Note 13 Contingencies
The Company has been named in several putative class action lawsuits (the” Class Action Suits”) each of which alleges various violations of the federal securities laws in connection with the Company’s public statements during the period from September 25, 2000 through April 19, 2002 as they relate to the Company’s LEP drug product candidate. The original lawsuits also named as individual defendants John N. Kapoor, the former Chairman of the Company, and James M. Hussey, the Company’s former President and CEO, and Dr. Aquilur Rahman, a former director and executive officer of the Company. The first of these Class Action Suits was filed on April 26, 2002 and all of the Class Action Suits have been filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern District. On September 16, 2002, a consolidated amended complaint was filed against NeoPharm in this
11
matter. The amended complaint shortened the class period to October 31, 2001 through April 19, 2002, removed Dr. Rahman as a defendant, and added Dr. Imran Ahmad, the Company’s former Chief Scientific Officer and Executive Vice President of Research and Development, as a defendant. The Company intends to vigorously defend each and every claim in the Class Action Suits and, on November 4, 2002, moved to have the complaint dismissed. The Company’s motion to dismiss was granted in part and denied in part in February 2003. Dr. Kapoor was dismissed from the lawsuit at that time. In November 2004, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend and a motion for summary adjudication. The motion to amend seeks to again make Dr. Kapoor a defendant, and realleges that certain pre-class period statements are actionable. The motion for summary adjudication asks the Court to rule that certain statements made in the arbitration award between the Company and Pharmacia be deemed facts established in this proceeding. The Company filed oppositions to both motions. The Court has not yet ruled on the motions. No trial date has been set and discovery is ongoing. Management is unable to estimate the potential outcome or a range of possible losses, if any. The Company maintains insurance coverage to mitigate the financial impact of any potential loss.
On March 26, 2004, the Company received a letter from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) stating that the SEC is conducting a formal investigation of the Company. The SEC stated in its letter that it had made no determination of any violation of law by the Company or any individual at this time. Previously, this matter had been the subject of an informal SEC inquiry. The Company has fully cooperated with the SEC. The Company believes the investigation is an outgrowth of the arbitration claim filed by the Company against Pharmacia (now Pfizer) regarding the development of its LEP and LED drug product candidates and the Class Action Suits which have been filed against the Company relating to its public statements regarding the development of LEP. The Company cannot predict with certainty the direction the investigation will take or its ultimate outcome, and therefore is unable to determine whether the results of the investigation will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
The pharmaceutical industry has traditionally experienced difficulty in maintaining product liability insurance coverage at desired levels. To date, no significant product liability suit has ever been filed against the Company. However, if a suit was filed and a judgment entered against the Company, it could have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s operations and financial position. While the Company maintains insurance to cover the use of its drug product candidates in clinical trials, the Company does not maintain insurance covering the sale of its drug product candidates nor is there any assurance that it will be able to obtain or maintain such insurance on acceptable terms or with adequate coverage against potential liabilities.
Note 14 Subsequent Events
On April 28, 2006, the Company announced a plan to reduce its workforce by a total of 22 employees (approximately 23%) consisting of 20 employees from its research and development groups and 2 employees from the administrative group. Terminated employees will receive severance, a portion of 2006 earned bonus, three months Company paid insurance benefits and outplacement services. Additionally, the Company announced it will consolidate its operations to its corporate headquarters in Waukegan, Illinois.
On May 3, 2006, the Company announced the resignation of Imran Ahmad as the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, effective May 2, 2006.
12
Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Any statements made by NeoPharm, Inc. (“we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company”) in this quarterly report that are forward looking are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Company cautions readers that important factors may affect the Company’s actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. Such factors include, but are not limited to, those risks and uncertainties relating to difficulties or delays in development, testing, regulatory approval, recruitment of patients, production and marketing of the Company’s drug candidates, including, but not limited to cintredekin besudotox (“IL13-PE38QQR”), including the PRECISE trial, the marketing of non-drug products such as NeoPhectin™ and NeoPhectin-AT™, uncertainty regarding the outcome of class action litigation against the Company, resolution of the ongoing SEC investigation, unexpected adverse side effects or inadequate therapeutic efficacy of the Company’s drug candidates that could slow or prevent products coming to market, the uncertainty of patent protection for the Company’s intellectual property or trade secrets, the ability of the Company to raise additional funds on terms acceptable to the Company and other factors referenced under “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
The following should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Risk Factors section included as Item 1A herein and in the Company’s 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results discussed below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any future periods. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ from statements made.
Overview
We are a biopharmaceutical company engaged in the research, development, and commercialization of drugs for the treatment of various cancers. Our corporate strategy is to become a leader in the research, development, and commercialization of new and innovative anti-cancer treatments. We currently operate at two locations, and had 96 full time employees as of March 31, 2006. Our corporate headquarters and research and development facility are located in Waukegan, Illinois and our clinical development personnel are located in Lake Forest, Illinois.
Since we began doing business in June 1990, we have devoted our resources primarily to funding research and product development programs. To date, we have not received Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval of any of our drug product candidates. We expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future as we continue our research and development activities, which include the sponsorship of human clinical trials for our drug product candidates. Until we are able to consistently generate revenue through the sale of drug or non-drug products, we anticipate that we will be required to fund the development of our pre-clinical compounds and drug product candidates primarily by other means, including, but not limited to, licensing the development rights to some of our drug product candidates to third parties, collaborating with third parties to develop formulations of their compounds using our technology, or selling Company issued securities.
We began enrolling patients in the Phase III PRECISE clinical trial for cintredekin besudotox in March 2004 and completed patient enrollment in December 2005. In June and December 2005, the independent Data Monitoring Committee (“iDMC”) for the PRECISE Trial met, analyzed, and reviewed the data for the PRECISE trial futility analyses, and recommended that the PRECISE trial continue as planned under the approved protocol. The next milestones for PRECISE are an interim efficacy analysis after 160 deaths, currently expected as early as the second quarter of 2006, and the final efficacy analysis after 215 deaths, potentially in late 2006 or early 2007. We are currently preparing to submit a BLA to the FDA as early as the second half of 2006 to seek marketing approval of the drug, in the event that the PRECISE trial achieves its endpoint of a statistically significant improvement in overall survival compared to the control arm. However, there can be no assurance that the trial will meet its endpoint in the time anticipated, that the FDA will approve the BLA or that the FDA will not require additional data or testing. Additionally, enrollment has now been completed in our Phase I clinical trial of cintredekin besudotox for malignant glioma patients at initial diagnosis.
In the quarter ended March 31, 2006, management’s efforts were primarily devoted to planning the further development of its drug product candidates, completing a public common stock offering in January 2006, and exploring potential opportunities to reduce expenses in an effort to reduce the amount of cash used in operations. Additionally, in January 2006, we hired Timothy P. Walbert as Executive Vice President Commercial Operations. Mr. Walbert, along with other members of senior management, is responsible for the development and execution of our overall commercialization strategy; including global marketing, business development, sales, reimbursement and commercialization.
In April 2006, we reprioritized our NeoLipid® platform and strategy to focus our efforts on the two most promising drug product candidates in the platform, LEP-ETU and LE-SN38. We are preparing to initiate a Phase II clinical trial for LE-SN38 in the second quarter of 2006 and reviewing our LEP-ETU regulatory strategy under Section 505(b)(2) for further review by the FDA later this year. We believe that a regulatory strategy based solely on bioequivalence does not provide the information to fully differentiate LEP-ETU from other taxane-based anti-cancer products, which we believe is important to achieve commercial success with the product, if this drug candidate is ultimately approved by the FDA. Additionally, pre-clinical work continues on our earlier stage liposomal formulations of the anti-cancer agents docetaxel
13
and gemcitabine, while the LErafAON program is on hold pending analysis of the data gathered in Phase I.
It is difficult to predict with any certainty the timing of and total estimated costs to complete development of drug product candidates in early stage, or Phase I/II, clinical development, as well as the estimated date such drug product candidates would be available for sale, if approved by the FDA. A number of factors contribute to this uncertainty, including: side effects encountered in early stage clinical trials, ability to scale up manufacturing for commercial supply, and the fact that the size and scope of pivotal Phase III clinical trials are unknown until sufficient data is available to present a Phase III plan to the FDA for approval. In addition, our drug product candidates are required to be approved by the FDA after completing Phase III clinical trials before we can sell the drugs to generate revenue and, potentially, realize net cash inflows. Because our lead product candidate, cintredekin besudotox, is in the final stages of a Phase III clinical trial, we are able to estimate that we will incur further direct expenses of approximately $3 million to complete the Phase III PRECISE study. Additional clinical trial expenses are also expected to be incurred for cintredekin besudotox as we conduct other clinical trials to investigate the potential to use cintredekin besudotox in other forms and stages of malignant glioma, in addition to recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. We also expect to incur additional expenses related to the preparation of a cintredekin besudotox BLA submission.
The table below includes a summary of identified direct project costs incurred to date for our clinical research and development projects. Generally, identified project costs include expenses incurred specifically for clinical trials and pre-clinical studies we conduct, and exclude expenses incurred for salaries paid to our professional staff, overhead expenses for our Lake Forest and Waukegan facilities and general laboratory supplies used in our research, which are included with non-project specific.
Research Project | | Total Direct Costs Incurred in Current Quarter | | Total Direct Costs Incurred Since Beginning of Project | |
Cintredekin besudotox | | $ | 2,146,813 | | $ | 56,871,879 | |
LEP-ETU | | 584,725 | | 7,291,695 | |
LE-SN38 | | 35,394 | | 5,009,102 | |
LErafAON | | 55,095 | | 7,792,777 | |
Non-project specific | | 3,021,734 | | N/A | |
Total research and development expenses | | $ | 5,843,761 | | N/A | |
| | | | | | | |
Results of Operations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 vs. Three Months Ended March 31, 2005.
The Company recorded product revenue of $1,610 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to $6,300 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The sole source of product revenue in both periods was from sales of NeoPhectin and NeoPhectin-AT. During the three month period ended March 31, 2005, we also recognized $65,000 of revenue from collaboration fees received in 2005.
Research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2006 decreased by approximately $2.2 million as compared to the same period in 2005. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily related to the completion of patient enrollment in the PRECISE trial in December 2005.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses were approximately $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and approximately $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. Compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was reduced by approximately $0.3 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005 as a result of the resignation of our former CEO Gregory Young in March 2005.
The Company recorded a benefit of $0.5 million relating to the change in the estimated fair value of derivative financial instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as a result of the requirements to account for options previously granted to non-employees as derivative financial instruments upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.
The Company generated interest income on cash and investments of approximately $0.7 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in interest income during the period was primarily due to an increase in average cash and short-term investment balances as a result of the public stock offering completed in January 2006, in addition to increases in short-term interest rates.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary source of cash has been from proceeds from issuance of equity securities.
In 2005, we reclassified all auction rate certificates to short-term investments. We believe the structural features of the auction rate certificates, now classified as short-term investments, provide the Company with liquidity characteristics similar to cash equivalents.
On January 10, 2006, we received proceeds of approximately $39 million (net of underwriting discounts and commissions, but before expenses) by issuing 4,025,000 shares of common stock in a public offering.
As of March 31, 2006, we had approximately $6.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and $53.5 million in short-term
14
investments. We currently believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments on hand at March 31, 2006, can support our activities through the fourth quarter of 2007 at current and projected levels of development and general corporate activity. This estimate reflects the effects of the NeoLipid® platform reprioritization that is expected to result in a reduction in research costs, and also included a workforce reduction.
The primary use of cash over the next 12-24 months will be to fund our regulatory and commercial efforts for cintredekin besudotox and our clinical and pre-clinical research and development efforts. The most significant expenses will be incurred in relation to completing the work necessary for a possible cintredekin besudotox BLA submission and completion of the PRECISE trial. As we continue to move our drug product candidates towards the next phase of development, we expect to incur additional expenses.
We may seek to satisfy future funding requirements through public or private offerings of securities or with collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners. Additional financing may not be available when needed or on terms acceptable to us. If adequate financing is not available, we may be required to delay, scale back, or eliminate certain of our research and development programs, relinquish rights to certain of our technologies, drugs or products, or license third parties to commercialize products or technologies that we would otherwise seek to develop ourselves.
NeoPharm has no exposure to off-balance sheet arrangements, no special purpose entities, or activities that include non-exchange-traded contracts accounted for at fair value.
The following table summarizes our estimated contractual obligations as of March 31, 2006:
| | Payments Due by Period | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5 years | | More than 5 years | |
Operating leases | | $ | 863,119 | | $ | 417,137 | | $ | 443,422 | | $ | 2,560 | | $ | — | |
Capital lease | | 182,816 | | 37,824 | | 75,648 | | 69,344 | | — | |
Clinical trial monitoring (CRO) agreements (1) | | 704,654 | | 704,654 | | — | | — | | — | |
License agreements—milestone based payments (2) | | 2,050,000 | | 300,000 | | 900,000 | | — | | 850,000 | |
Total | | $ | 3,800,589 | | $ | 1,459,615 | | $ | 1,419,070 | | $ | 71,904 | | $ | 850,000 | |
(1) These amounts include only contractual obligations for direct expenses for the PRECISE trial, exclusive of clinical trial site costs for treating patients.
(2) These amounts do not include potential sales-based royalty payments that may be required under the various license agreements. Milestone based payment obligations are contingent upon successfully reaching objectively determinable stages in the development of drug product candidates. The Company has estimated the period the payment may be due, if at all, based upon its expectations of the timeline for continued successful development of the drug product candidates.
Critical Accounting Policies
In preparing the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), management must make a variety of decisions that impact the reported amounts and related disclosures. Such decisions include the selection of the appropriate accounting principles to be applied, the assumptions on which to base accounting estimates, and the consistent application of those accounting principles. Due to the type of industry in which the Company operates and the nature of its business, the following accounting policies are those that management believes are most important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results and that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
Income Taxes
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Significant judgments are required to estimate the generation of future taxable income and the timing of the reversal of deferred tax liabilities.
15
Contingencies
To properly account for and provide disclosure of loss contingencies, management must apply judgment in determining whether a loss contingency is: probable, reasonably possible, or remote. In instances where management has determined that a loss contingency is probable, it must make use of estimates to determine the amount of probable loss. Management must apply judgment in determining whether or not it can make a reasonable estimate. Management must also apply judgment in determining whether or not disclosure of loss contingencies that have been accrued should be made for the consolidated financial statements not to be misleading.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, we measure stock-based compensation cost at the grant date based upon the fair value of the award and recognize the cost of awards that are expected to ultimately vest as expense over the requisite service period. Management judgment and the use of estimates are required in determining the inputs to an option pricing model used to estimate fair value of stock-based awards. Management judgment and the use of estimates are also required in estimating the number of stock-based awards that are will ultimately vest. Additionally, management judgment and the use of estimates may be required in determining the requisite service period over which to recognize the compensation cost as expense.
Revenue Recognition
The Company follows the provisions as set forth by current accounting rules, which primarily include Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104, Revenue Recognition, and Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Generally, revenue is recognized when evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed and determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured.
The Company provides for general rights of return of products sold to its distributors. Appropriately determining revenue recognition when the general right of return exists requires the use of judgment in estimating the level of returns. In certain circumstances, management may not be able to develop a reasonable estimate of the level of returns. Making such a determination requires the use of significant judgment. Management has determined that given the limited sales history of NeoPhectin™, the Company is unable to develop a reasonable estimate of the level of returns. Accordingly, the Company is currently recognizing revenue for products shipped to its distributor upon the expiration of the right of return, which occurs upon the earlier of the shipment by the distributor to an end user or, depending on the distributor, 60 to 180 days.
The Company has entered into collaboration and license agreements with third parties that contain multiple deliverables. Under the provisions of EITF 00-21, a determination must be made on each contract as to whether a deliverable constitutes a separate unit of accounting. The amount of revenue to be recognized is based on the fair value for each unit of accounting within the arrangement. Management’s judgment is required to determine, based upon the facts and circumstances of each arrangement, whether or not each deliverable has standalone value and whether or not there exists a sufficient level of objective and reliable evidence of fair value of the undelivered items. Additionally, units of accounting may be delivered over an indeterminate period of time. Management judgment is required to estimate the period over which recognition of allocated revenue occurs.
Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
As of March 31, 2006, we did not own any derivative instruments, but we were exposed to market risks, primarily changes in U.S. interest rates. As of March 31, 2006, we held total cash and cash equivalents of $6,283,879 and short-term investments in auction rate certificates of $53,473,297. All cash equivalents have a maturity less than 90 days. Declines in interest rates over time will reduce our interest income from our investments. Based upon our balance of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of March 31, 2006, a decrease in interest rates of 1.0% would cause a corresponding decrease in our annual interest income of $597,572.
Item 4 – Controls and Procedures
As of March 31, 2006, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management,
16
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded, as a result of the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting discussed below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, accumulated, communicated and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
In May 2006, management concluded that a control deficiency with respect to the review and verification of the accuracy of the calculation estimating the fair value of non-employee stock options constituted a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. This control deficiency resulted in an adjustment to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 affecting derivative financial instruments and the change in fair value of derivative financial instruments.
Management is in the process of reviewing and, as necessary, revising its policies and procedures with respect to its controls over the review and verification of the accuracy of the calculation estimating the fair value of non-employee stock options to ensure that all reasonable steps will be taken to correct this material weakness. As part of this process, management expects to further train the Company’s accounting personnel and add additional reviews and controls. The deficiency will not be considered remediated until the new internal controls are operational for a period of time and are tested and management has concluded that the controls are operating effectively. Until it is remediated, the identified control deficiency could result in a misstatement in the derivative financial instruments and the change in fair value of derivative financial instruments balances that would not be prevented or detected.
There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report, other than the material weakness described above, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
17
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 - Legal Proceedings
The Company has been named in several putative class action lawsuits (the “Class Action Suits”) each of which alleges various violations of the federal securities laws in connection with the Company’s public statements during the period from September 25, 2000 through April 19, 2002 as they relate to the Company’s LEP drug product candidate. The original lawsuits also named as individual defendants John N. Kapoor, the former Chairman of the Company, and James M. Hussey, the Company’s former President and CEO, and Dr. Aquilur Rahman, a former director and executive officer of the Company. The first of these Class Action Suits was filed on April 26, 2002 and all of the Class Action Suits have been filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern District. On September 16, 2002, a consolidated amended complaint was filed against NeoPharm in this matter. The amended complaint shortened the class period to October 31, 2001 through April 19, 2002, removed Dr. Rahman as a defendant, and added Dr. Imran Ahmad, the Company’s former Chief Scientific Officer and Executive Vice President of Research and Development, as a defendant. The Company intends to vigorously defend each and every claim in the Class Action Suits and, on November 4, 2002, moved to have the complaint dismissed. The Company’s motion to dismiss was granted in part and denied in part in February 2003. Dr. Kapoor was dismissed from the lawsuit at that time. In November 2004, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend and a motion for summary adjudication. The motion to amend seeks to again make Dr. Kapoor a defendant, and realleges that certain pre-class period statements are actionable. The motion for summary adjudication asks the Court to rule that certain statements made in the arbitration award between the Company and Pharmacia be deemed facts established in this proceeding. The Company filed oppositions to both motions. The Court has not yet ruled on the motions. No trial date has been set and discovery is ongoing. Management is unable to estimate the potential outcome or a range of possible losses, if any. The Company maintains insurance coverage to mitigate the financial impact of any potential loss.
On March 26, 2004, the Company received a letter from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) stating that the SEC is conducting a formal investigation of the Company. The SEC stated in its letter that it had made no determination of any violation of law by the Company or any individual at this time. Previously, this matter had been the subject of an informal SEC inquiry. The Company has fully cooperated with the SEC. The Company believes the investigation is an outgrowth of the arbitration claim filed by the Company against Pharmacia (now Pfizer) regarding the development of its LEP and LED drug product candidates and the Class Action Suits which have been filed against the Company relating to its public statements regarding the development of LEP. The Company cannot predict with certainty the direction the investigation will take or its ultimate outcome, and therefore is unable to determine whether the results of the investigation will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
Item 1A. - Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, in addition to the other information set forth in this document as well as other information contained in the periodic reports we file with the SEC. Each of these risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as the value of an investment in our common stock.
If we were unable to develop, obtain regulatory approvals for, and then market our drug product candidates, our business would be harmed.
The process for developing new therapeutic products is inherently long, complex, and uncertain. We must make long-term investments and commit significant resources before knowing whether our development programs will eventually result in products that will receive regulatory approval and achieve market acceptance.
We currently have four drug product candidates in various stages of clinical development. Each candidate is the subject of an effective IND that we filed with FDA. The protocols for any clinical trials we perform under these INDs must have institutional review board (“IRB”) approval, and the trials must comply with FDA’s good clinical practices (“GCP”) and other regulations. There is no assurance that the clinical trials we may seek to conduct under these INDs will obtain IRB approval. There is also no assurance that FDA will allow us to continue the clinical trials that we have begun. FDA may suspend a clinical trial at any time if the agency believes that the patients participating in the study are or will be exposed to unacceptable health risks. FDA may also terminate an IND and require the sponsor to end all clinical trials under that IND, if it finds deficiencies in the IND or in the conduct of a trial under the IND. Some of our clinical trials are conducted in foreign countries, and the regulatory authorities of those countries have comparable authority to suspend and terminate clinical trials. Suspension or termination of the clinical trials of our drug product candidates could substantially delay or even prevent regulatory approval of the drug product candidates. There is no guarantee that clinical studies, if performed, will demonstrate the safety and efficacy of any drug product candidate we have in development.
Sales of our drug product candidates will be subject to pre-market approval requirements in the United States and in other countries. These requirements vary widely from country to country. We cannot assure you that we will receive approval to market
18
any of our drug product candidates in any country. We have yet to submit an application for marketing approval for any of the drug product candidates we currently have under development. We cannot predict with certainty if or when we might submit any of these drug product candidates for regulatory review. We cannot assure you that once we submit a drug product candidate for review, FDA or any other regulatory agency will approve that product on a timely basis or at all.
Approval of our drug product candidates in the United States or a foreign country may depend on our agreement to perform burdensome and expensive post-marketing studies or our agreement to a burdensome risk management plan that could interfere with physician and patient acceptance of our product. We cannot assure you that we will agree to perform such additional studies or to accept such a risk management plan. If we agree to perform post-market studies and then fail to conduct those studies with due diligence, or if those studies fail to verify the product’s clinical benefit, FDA may withdraw its approval of the product.
If FDA or a foreign regulatory authority approves one of our drug product candidates, we will need to manufacture, or contract with third parties to manufacture, a sufficient volume of that product to meet market demand. This will require accurate forecasting of market demand. There is no guarantee that we will accurately forecast the market demand for any of our drug product candidates or that there will be any market demand. There is also no assurance that we will be able to successfully manufacture, or find a third party to manufacture, adequate quantities of any of our drug product candidates to meet any market demand.
Our most advanced drug product candidate is cintredekin besudotox (IL13-PE38QQR), which we believe has potential to be used as a treatment for malignant gliomas. In September 1997, we exclusively licensed worldwide rights to cintredekin besudotox from the NIH and FDA. Our Phase I clinical trials to date involving this drug product candidate have enrolled approximately 100 patients. On the basis of our preliminary Phase I clinical trial findings for this drug product candidate, we initiated the PRECISE trial, a pivotal Phase III multi-center, multi-national clinical trial that enrolled a total of 294 patients, of which, in accordance with the trial protocol, approximately 196 patients received cintredekin besudotox. There are no assurances that cintredekin besudotox will prove to be safe and effective or receive regulatory approval for any indication.
We also have three other drug product candidates in clinical development for the treatment of various cancers: LE-SN38, LEP-ETU, and LErafAON. Each of these drug product candidates has either completed or is currently in Phase I clinical testing and are in various stages of development or evaluation. There are no assurances that any of these drug product candidates will proceed to the next phase of clinical development, or prove to be safe and effective, or that any of them will receive regulatory approval for the treatment of the indications which we may pursue.
Even if we receive regulatory approval for one of our drug product candidates in the United States or a foreign country, there are no assurances that the product will prove to be commercially successful or profitable.
We are highly dependent on achieving success in the clinical testing, regulatory approval, and commercialization of our most advanced drug product candidate, cintredekin besudotox, which may never be approved for commercial use. If we are unable to commercialize cintredekin besudotox, our ability to generate revenues would be impaired and our business would be harmed.
We have invested a significant portion of our time and financial resources in the development of cintredekin besudotox, and we anticipate that for the foreseeable future, our potential to achieve revenues from drug product sales will be dependent on its successful clinical testing, regulatory approval in the United States, and successful commercialization. Development, approval, and successful commercialization of new drug products is a highly uncertain process.
We may suffer significant setbacks in our Phase III clinical trial of cintredekin besudotox (the PRECISE trial), even after achieving potentially promising results in earlier clinical trials. In the fourth quarter of 2005, we completed enrollment in the PRECISE trial for patients suffering from first recurrent glioblastoma multiforme tumors. Patients in the PRECISE trial received treatment either with cintredekin besudotox or with Gliadel® Wafers, a product currently approved to treat this disease. The primary endpoint of the study is to determine if there is a statistically significant overall patient survival difference between patients treated with cintredekin besudotox and patients treated with Gliadel® Wafers. The results from our clinical trial may not demonstrate a statistically significant difference. If the results from the PRECISE trial do not demonstrate a statistically significant difference, FDA could determine that additional clinical trials are necessary, which could delay or even prevent approval and commercialization.
Even if we conclude that the results from our clinical trial demonstrate a statistically significant difference, FDA may not agree with us, for example because it evaluates the data using a different method. FDA could also conclude that the clinical trial results are not clinically meaningful, that there were human errors in the conduct of the clinical trial, or that for some other reason the clinical trial results are inadequate to support approval of cintredekin besudotox. Even if FDA agrees that the results from the PRECISE trial demonstrate a statistically significant difference, FDA may require statistically significant results in a second Phase III trial before it will approve cintredekin besudotox. Even if we believe that we have submitted all of the data and information necessary to satisfy FDA requirements for approval of a BLA, there is a risk that FDA will require additional data and information that we are unable to provide. Finally, even if the results are statistically significant, adverse safety findings in the PRECISE trial could delay or prevent regulatory approval.
Even if the results of the PRECISE trial are statistically significant, prior to commercialization of cintredekin besudotox in the United States, we will have to submit, and FDA will have to approve, a BLA for cintredekin besudotox. FDA approval is contingent
19
on many factors, including its evaluation of our clinical trial results, its assessment of the remaining portions of our BLA, and its inspection of facilities where cintredekin besudotox is manufactured. If FDA does not approve the BLA, if FDA approval is delayed, or if FDA requires additional clinical testing or other information, our ability to achieve revenues from product sales will be impaired and our stock price would be materially and adversely affected.
Even though FDA has awarded orphan drug designation to cintredekin besudotox, a competitor could obtain orphan drug designation for the same drug for the same indication and complete its clinical trials before we complete ours. FDA could approve that competitor’s product first and give it seven years of market exclusivity. In this case, we might not be allowed to market our product in the United States for seven years. This would have a material adverse effect on our business. The law would permit FDA to approve our product during the seven years if certain conditions were met, but there is no assurance we could satisfy these conditions. We might be able to market the product outside the United States, if certain conditions were met, but there is no guarantee that we would be able to satisfy those conditions. The export process can be complex, and there are no assurances that export would be permitted or that another country would accept the product. Even if FDA approves cintredekin besudotox as an orphan drug and awards it seven years of exclusivity, the law permits FDA, in certain situations, to approve a competitor’s product. This could have a material adverse effect on the commercial success of our product.
Because many of our drug product candidates are in clinical development, there is a high risk that further development and testing will demonstrate that our drug product candidates are not approvable or suitable for commercialization, which could cause our business to suffer.
None of our drug product candidates has received regulatory approval for commercial sale. Before we can obtain regulatory approval for the commercial sale of any of our drug product candidates, we must demonstrate through pre-clinical testing and clinical trials that the drug product candidate is safe and effective. Conducting pre-clinical and clinical testing is a lengthy, expensive, and uncertain process and may take several years or more. Success in pre-clinical testing does not assure success in clinical trials, and positive results in early phase clinical trials do not assure a positive outcome in later trials.
Clinical development of any of our drug product candidates, including, but not limited to cintredekin besudotox, may be curtailed, redirected, delayed, or eliminated at any time for any of the following reasons or for other reasons:
· our inability to manufacture, or secure third party sources to manufacture, sufficient quantities of drug compounds for use in clinical trials;
· our inability to attract suitable and willing investigators for our trials;
· our inability to locate, recruit, and qualify a sufficient number of patients for our trials;
· negative or ambiguous results regarding the effectiveness of the drug product candidate;
· undesirable side effects that delay or extend the trials, or other unforeseen or undesirable safety issues that make the drug product candidate not medically or commercially viable;
· our failure, or the failure of any third party with whom we contract, to comply fully with the investigational new drug regulations and other regulations applicable to clinical trials;
· delays, suspension, or termination of trials imposed by us or an independent institutional review board for a clinical trial site, or a clinical hold placed upon the trial by FDA;
· regulatory delays or other regulatory actions, including changes in regulatory requirements;
· our inability to adequately follow patients after treatment; and
· delays in importing or exporting clinical trial materials.
A delay or termination of any of our clinical trials would have an adverse effect on our business. If any of our clinical trials is unsuccessful, this could preclude us from obtaining regulatory approval, which would have an adverse effect on our business. If any of our clinical trials is perceived as unsuccessful by FDA or physicians, our business, financial condition, and operations would be harmed.
Our business is subject to extensive governmental regulation, and failure to comply with those regulations can lead to unanticipated delays in product development and approval and can prevent commercialization.
FDA regulates the research, development, and testing of our drug product candidates. If any of our drug product candidates is approved for marketing and introduced into the market, FDA will continue to regulate the manufacturing, labeling, distribution, marketing, and advertising activities of that product. Public health authorities in foreign countries have comparable authority. Compliance with these requirements before and after approval is expensive and time consuming. Failure to comply can lead to regulatory action that would have a negative impact on our business.
20
In order to market a new therapeutic product in the United States, we must prove that the product is safe and effective and that the product is manufactured in compliance with CGMP. Completing the pre-clinical and clinical testing necessary to prove the safety and effectiveness of a new therapeutic product, and establishing the capability to comply with CGMP, can take many years, be very costly, and still be unsuccessful. The results of pre-clinical testing and Phase I and II studies are not necessarily indicative of the results in larger patient populations, as evaluated in Phase III studies.
In order to market any of our drug product candidates, once this lengthy research and development process is completed, we will need to submit a BLA or NDA to FDA. This will need to contain pre-clinical, clinical, manufacturing, labeling, and other information, and it must demonstrate that the drug product candidate is safe and effective for use in humans for each proposed indication. FDA may refuse to accept any of our applications if it views the application as incomplete. The manufacturing facilities must also comply with CGMP, and FDA will inspect the facility before it approves the application.
Even if we complete the lengthy and expensive research and development process for one of our drug product candidates and file a BLA or NDA seeking approval to market the candidate, we do not know whether FDA will approve the application on a timely basis, or at all. FDA’s review of a BLA or NDA that it accepts can take several years. FDA can delay, limit, or deny approval for many reasons, including if:
· it determines that our drug product candidate is not safe or is not effective;
· it interprets the data from our pre-clinical testing and clinical trials differently than we do;
· it determines that our manufacturing processes or facilities, or the processes or facilities of third parties involved in the manufacture of our drug product candidates, do not comply with CGMP;
· it changes its approval policies or adopts new regulations; or
· Congress amends the FDCA, the Public Health Service Act, or other applicable laws.
The process of obtaining approvals in foreign countries is subject to uncertainty, delay, and failure for similar reasons.
In addition, FDA (and foreign regulatory authorities) may approve a drug product candidate for fewer than all the indications requested or require that the drug product be labeled in a way that differs from our proposed labeling. Even if FDA (or a foreign regulatory authority) approves one of our drug product candidates, it may require that we perform burdensome post-marketing studies and it may impose other burdensome requirements, including the requirement that we institute and maintain a special risk management plan to monitor and manage potential safety issues. These requirements could reduce or eliminate the drug product’s market potential.
A drug product and its manufacturer are subject to strict regulation after product approval by FDA and comparable foreign authorities. FDA regulates manufacturing, labeling, distribution, and promotional activities after product approval, as do comparable foreign regulatory agencies. We must also report certain adverse events involving our drug products to these agencies. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in, among other things, product seizure, civil penalties, suspensions and withdrawals of regulatory approvals, import and export problems, product recalls, operating restrictions, and criminal prosecution. The restriction, suspension, or revocation of regulatory approvals or other adverse action taken on the basis of failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operations.
Previously unidentified adverse events or an increased frequency of adverse events that may occur post-approval could result in FDA, or other agencies, requiring us to conduct further clinical research, which could be expensive and could lead to new and unfavorable information about the safety or the effectiveness of our product. New safety or effectiveness information after approval can result in a change in the labeling of our drug products, new or more extensive distribution restrictions, a new or expanded risk management program, product recalls, withdrawal of the drug product from the market, or withdrawal of product approval, any of which could materially affect the commercial success of the product. Any unforeseen problems with one of our drug product candidates after approval could preclude successful commercialization of that product and harm our business and stock price.
We have a history of operating losses, expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, and may never be profitable.
We have a limited operating history, and our operations consist primarily of the development of our drug product candidates and the sponsorship of research and clinical trials. Over the past three fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, we have incurred aggregate net losses of approximately $149.1 million. We expect to incur additional losses and, as our development efforts and clinical testing activities continue, our losses may increase. We also expect to experience negative cash flows for the foreseeable future as we fund our losses and capital expenditures. Our losses have adversely impacted, and will continue to adversely impact, our working capital, total assets and stockholders’ equity. To date, we have not sold or received approval to sell any drug product candidates, and it is possible that revenues from drug product sales will never be achieved. We have generated only limited amounts of revenue from license fees and sales of products based upon our NeoPhectin™ technology (a novel cationic cardiolipin liposome based technology), and it is possible that additional license revenue and/or revenue from sales of NeoPhectin™ products will continue to be of limited significance. We cannot at this time predict when or if we will be able to develop other sources of revenue or when or if our operations will become
21
profitable, even if we are able to commercialize some of our drug product candidates.
Budget constraints may force us to delay our efforts to develop certain drug product candidates in favor of developing others, which may prevent us from commercializing all drug product candidates as quickly as possible.
Because we are an emerging company with limited resources, and because research and development is an expensive process, we must regularly assess the most efficient allocation of our research and development budget. As a result, we may have to further prioritize development activities, with the possible result that we may not be able to fully realize the value of some of our drug product candidates in a timely manner, as they would be delayed in reaching the market, if at all. Recently, we have undertaken a reprioritization of the NeoLipid® program in an effort to rationalize our expenses, including a restructuring of our workforce and a reduction in research and development spending not related to our lead drug product candidate, cintredekin besudotox. If we are not successful in maintaining the planned level of spending, our efforts to commercialize cintredekin besudotox may be delayed. Additionally, the reduction in spending on our other drug product candidates could delay our commercialization efforts and negatively impact our strategy to diversify our development risk across a broad portfolio of drug product candidates.
Competition in the biopharmaceutical field is intense and subject to rapid technological change. Our principal competitors have substantially greater resources to develop and market products that may be superior to ours.
If we obtain regulatory approval for any of our drug product candidates, the extent to which they achieve market acceptance will depend, in part, on competitive factors. Competition in our industry is intense, and it is increased by the rapid pace of technological development. Existing drug products or new drug products developed by our competitors may be more effective or have fewer side effects, or may be more effectively marketed and sold, than any that we may develop. Each of our principal competitors has substantially greater research and development capabilities and experience and greater manufacturing, marketing, financial, and managerial resources than we do. Competitive drug compounds may render our technology and drug product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive prior to our recovery of research, development, or commercialization expenses incurred through sales of any of our drug product candidates. The FDA’s policy of granting “fast track” approval for cancer therapies may also expedite the regulatory approval of our competitors’ drug product candidates.
Each of the drug product candidates currently in clinical development will face competition from drug products currently on the market or under development. The following table lists our current principal competitors and their products which compete with the listed drug product candidates we currently have under development:
Our drug product candidate | | Principal competitor | | Competitor’s product |
Cintredekin besudotox | | MGI PHARMA, Inc. | | Gliadel® Wafer |
LEP-ETU | | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | | Taxol®(1) |
LE-SN38 | | Pfizer Inc. | | Camptosar® |
LErafAON | | Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc. | | Antisense products(2) |
(1) This product is currently off-patent and generics are available.
(2) There are currently no antisense products available on the market for the treatment of cancer, but Isis Pharmaceuticals, Genta Incorporated, and others are developing such products.
We also compete with other drug development companies for licenses to novel technologies as well as for collaborations with large pharmaceutical and other companies.
Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be volatile, and an investment in our common stock could decline in value.
The stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations, which often has been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. In addition, the market price of our stock has been highly volatile and is likely to continue to be so. For example, during 2004, the market price of our common stock fluctuated between $22.70 and $4.66 per share. During 2005, the market price of our common stock fluctuated between $15.47 and $7.16 per share.
The following factors, among others, could have a significant impact on the market price of our stock:
· the success or failure of our clinical trials, including, but not limited to, the PRECISE trial involving our lead compound, cintredekin besudotox, or those of our competitors;
· announcements of technological innovations or new drug products by us or our competitors;
· litigation, including, but not limited to, current class action lawsuits and resolution of the ongoing SEC investigation of the Company;
22
· actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial results;
· our ability to obtain financing, when needed;
· economic conditions in the US and abroad;
· comments by or changes in Company assessments or financial estimates by securities analysts;
· adverse regulatory actions or decisions;
· losses of key management;
· changing governmental regulations;
· our ability to secure adequate third party reimbursement for products developed by us;
· developments or disputes concerning patents or other proprietary rights;
· product or patent litigation; and
· public concern as to the safety of products developed by us.
Additionally, volatility or a lack of positive performance in our stock price may adversely affect our ability to retain key employees, all of whom have been granted stock options.
These factors and fluctuations, as well as political and market conditions, may materially adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We are currently named as a defendant in a number of securities class action lawsuits. The volatility of our stock increases the risk that additional securities class action litigation could be instituted against us in the future.
Securities class action litigation is often brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. We, along with certain of our officers, are currently named as defendants in a number of class action lawsuits which have been consolidated for trial and are currently pending in the federal district court for the Northern District of Illinois, and each of which alleges various violations of the federal securities laws in connection with certain of our public statements as they relate to our LEP drug product candidate. We may be named as a defendant in similar litigation in the future. While we are vigorously defending this litigation, this litigation has resulted, and can be expected to continue to result, in substantial costs and in a diversion of management’s attention and our resources, which could harm our business and financial condition, as well as the market price of our stock. Moreover, it may result in an adverse judgment against us or a settlement, either of which could require us to make a payment to the plaintiffs to the extent a possible payment exceeds or is not covered by our insurance.
The SEC has initiated an investigation of the Company. We believe that this investigation was initiated as a consequence of our arbitration proceeding, now concluded, involving Pharmacia’s development of LEP and LED and the class action lawsuits involving our public statements regarding LEP.
On March 26, 2004, we received a letter from the Securities and Exchange Commission stating that the SEC is conducting a formal investigation of the Company. The SEC stated in its letter that it had made no determination of any violation of law by the Company or any individual at this time. Previously, this matter had been the subject of an informal SEC inquiry. We have fully cooperated with the SEC. We believe the investigation is an outgrowth of the arbitration claim filed by the Company against Pharmacia (now Pfizer) regarding the development of our LEP and LED drug product candidates, which was concluded in April 2004, and the ongoing class action lawsuits which have been filed against us relating to public statements regarding the development of LEP. We cannot predict with certainty the direction the investigation will take or its ultimate outcome, and therefore are unable to determine whether the results of the investigation will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position.
We will need to raise additional capital in the future. If additional capital is not available, we may have to curtail or cease operations.
We estimate that as of March 31, 2006, our then existing cash reserves, should be sufficient to finance our operations at current and projected levels of development and general corporate activity approximately through the fourth quarter 2007. We can offer no assurance that we will be able to generate revenues from product sales in the near term or in the future, at a rate sufficient to fund our operations. Even though we were successful in raising additional capital in January 2006, we will need additional future financing depending on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
· our degree of success in commercializing our drug product candidates;
23
· the rate of progress and cost of research and development and clinical trial activities relating to our drug product candidates;
· a possible obligation to pay damages arising from the ongoing consolidated class action lawsuit or fines arising from the SEC investigation, to the extent these possible damages or fines exceed, or are not covered by, our insurance;
· the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and enforcing our patent claims and other intellectual property rights and investigating and defending against infringement claims asserted against us by others;
· emergence of competing technologies and other adverse market developments;
· changes in or terminations of our existing licensing arrangements;
· the amount of milestone payments, if any, we receive from future collaborators, if any;
· the costs of acquiring or licensing new technology, products or businesses if we desire to expand our product portfolio; and
· the cost of manufacturing scale-up and development of marketing operations, if we undertake those activities.
Additional financing may not be available when we need it or be on terms acceptable to us. If adequate financing is not available, we may be required to delay, scale-back, or eliminate certain of our research and development programs, to relinquish rights to some of our technologies or products, or to grant licenses to third parties to commercialize products or technologies that we would otherwise seek to develop ourselves. We could also be required to cease operations. If additional capital is raised through the sale of equity, our stockholders’ ownership interest could be diluted and such securities may have rights, preferences, or privileges superior to those of our other stockholders. The terms of any debt securities we may sell to raise additional capital may place restrictions on our operating activities. Failure to secure additional financing may cause us to delay or abandon some or all of our development programs.
We depend on third parties for a variety of functions, including the research and development, manufacturing, clinical testing, and regulatory compliance of our drug product candidates. No assurance can be given that these third parties arrangements will allow us to successfully develop and manufacture and market our drug product candidates.
We do not have the internal infrastructure to conduct clinical trial management or certain other aspects of clinical testing ourselves. As of March 31, 2006, we had 96 full-time employees. On April 28, 2006, we reduced our workforce by a total of 22 employees (approximately 23%) consisting of 20 employees from our research and development groups and 2 employees from the administrative group. We rely on third parties to perform a variety of functions with respect to the clinical development of our drug product candidates, including clinical trial management. If we develop additional drug product candidates with commercial potential, we may have to either hire additional personnel skilled in clinical testing or engage third parties to perform such services.
We have engaged PPD to oversee our PRECISE trial for cintredekin besudotox. Our agreement with PPD obligates us to compensate PPD on a monthly basis plus make milestone payments as the trial progresses. For assistance in the management and testing for our Phase I and Phase II clinical trials we have engaged Research Solutions Incorporated and Prologue Research International, Inc. on a per study basis. To oversee data management in our clinical trials we have contracted, on a per study basis, with Advanced Clinical Services. To conduct our large animal testing, we have engaged, again on a per study basis, Southern Research Institute.
While we have been satisfied with the performance of these various organizations, we do not directly control them. We depend on these organizations to apply the appropriate expertise and resources to expeditiously and competently perform the services for which they have been retained. If any of these third parties with whom we contract breaches its agreement with us or fails to comply with an applicable government regulation, we might be required to find a satisfactory alternative service provider. In addition, our drug development efforts could be delayed or impaired. We are aware of at least 25 other entities that could offer similar services to those offered by each of PPD Development, Research Solutions, and Advanced Clinical Services and three other entities offering services similar to those provided by Southern Research Institute. We frequently change vendors and consider such items as price, vendor capabilities to meet our needs, and ease of transition in choosing new vendors.
In order to commercialize our drug product candidates successfully, we, or third parties with whom we contract, must be able to manufacture products in commercial quantities in compliance with FDA’s CGMP requirements at acceptable costs and in a timely manner. We do not currently have CGMP manufacturing capacity for any of the drug product candidates we are developing. Currently, all of our liposome compounds are produced at the Center for Advanced Drug Development, which is affiliated with the University of Iowa Pharmacy School. The Center has indicated that it is currently able to meet our needs for research and clinical trials, but we cannot be sure that it will be able to meet our needs in a timely manner or on a cost-effective basis in the future. If the Center were unable to meet our needs in the future, we cannot be sure that suitable alternatives could be found in a timely manner, or at all. In addition, we have an agreement with Diosynth RTP, Inc., pursuant to which this company produces cintredekin besudotox in the quantities required to support our Phase III clinical trial and to manufacture the initial batches of this drug product candidate that would be necessary to support a BLA to market the product. Diosynth has provided us with quantities of cintredekin besudotox that we believe will allow us to complete the clinical testing of that drug product candidate and we believe that they will be able to provide us with sufficient quantities of cintredekin besudotox to support our initial commercial requirements, if cintredekin besudotox is eventually approved.
24
While we have been satisfied with the performance of both the Center for Advanced Drug Development and Diosynth, if either were to breach its agreement with us or fail to comply with any applicable governmental requirement, such actions could delay or impair our drug development and/or BLA or NDA submission efforts and we may be required to find a satisfactory alternative supplier. Though we are currently aware of at least two alternative manufacturers who might be able to supply us with our requirements for drug product candidates, if we were unable to quickly reach an agreement with these manufacturers, this could be expected to result in delays in the development and potential approval by FDA of our drug product candidates, particularly for cintredekin besudotox.
We also in-license technology from governmental and academic institutions in order to minimize our investment in basic research, and we enter into collaborative arrangements with certain of these entities with respect to research and development of our drug product candidates. At this time we have a research agreement in place with FDA. The research agreement with FDA obligates us to fund research efforts at FDA relating to cintredekin besudotox through April 2006 and we expect to renew at contract expiration. We had a research agreement with Georgetown that obligated us to fund research efforts through February 28, 2005. We did not renew the research agreement with Georgetown. No assurance can be given that we will enter into more of these relationships, that we will be able to maintain or renew the research agreement with FDA, that this relationship will provide benefits to us, or that we will be able to establish new relationships on beneficial terms, without undue delays or expenditures.
If we, or our suppliers, fail to comply with FDA and other government regulations, our manufacturing operations could be interrupted, and our drug product development, future sales, and profitability would suffer.
All new drugs, including our drug product candidates under development, are subject to extensive and rigorous regulation by FDA and comparable foreign authorities. These regulations govern, among other things, the development, pre-clinical and clinical testing, manufacturing, labeling, storage, pre-market approval, advertising, promotion, sale, and distribution of our drug product candidates. We rely on third parties to perform a variety of functions, including research and development, clinical trial management and testing, and manufacturing of our drug product candidates. We currently obtain the necessary raw materials for our drug product candidates, as well as certain services, such as testing, from third parties. We currently contract with suppliers and service providers that are required to comply with strict standards established by us. Certain suppliers and service providers are required to follow GLP, GCP, and CGMP requirements and are subject to routine unannounced periodic inspections by FDA and by certain state and foreign regulatory agencies for compliance with those requirements and other applicable regulations. There can be no assurance that FDA and other regulatory agencies will find the manufacturing process or facilities or other operations of our suppliers and other service providers to be in compliance with GLP, GCP, CGMP or other applicable requirements.
While to the best of our knowledge, none of our principal suppliers or service providers has been found to be out of compliance with GLP, GCP, CGMP, or other applicable requirements with respect to the goods or services they provide to us, failure of any of our principal third party suppliers or service providers to maintain satisfactory compliance with applicable requirements could have a material adverse effect on our ability to develop, market and distribute our drug product candidates in the future and, in the most serious cases, could result in the issuance of warning letters, seizure or recall of drug products, criminal prosecution, civil penalties or closure of such manufacturing facilities until compliance is achieved.
We do not have sales, marketing, or distribution experience, which means we must either enter into agreements with third parties to market or co-promote our drug product candidates or develop marketing expertise ourselves.
We have no experience in sales, marketing, or distribution. To date, our focus has been on research and development, and we currently do not have internal sales, marketing, or distribution resources. If we receive the required regulatory approvals, we could elect to market and sell our drug product candidates through distribution, co-marketing, co-promotion, or licensing arrangements with third parties, as we have elected to do with our non-drug NeoPhectin™ products, which are being sold through one independent distributor in addition to direct sales to customers. If we elect to market our drug product candidates directly, significant additional expenditures and management resources will be required to develop an internal marketing or sales force. We have no experience in establishing or maintaining an effective sales or marketing effort. If we decide to perform sales and marketing activities ourselves, we could face a number of additional risks, including, but not limited to:
· the inability to attract and retain a marketing or sales force with relevant pharmaceutical experience;
· the costs of establishing a marketing or sales force may not be recoverable if product revenues are lower than expected; and
· there could be delays in product launch due to the time needed to develop and train an effective marketing or sales force.
On the other hand, to the extent that we enter into arrangements with third parties for the marketing and sale of our drug product candidates, any revenues we receive will depend primarily on the efforts of these third parties, and those revenues may be lower than if we marketed our drug products directly. In addition, we may not be successful in entering into sales and distribution relationships with third parties and, even if we are successful, we will not control the amount and timing of marketing resources such third parties devote to our drug product candidates.
There can be no assurance that we would be able to establish an effective marketing or sales force should we choose to do so.
25
The inability to successfully employ qualified marketing and sales personnel or to develop other sales and marketing capabilities through third parties would be harmful to our overall business operations.
Our lack of operating experience may cause us difficulty in managing our growth.
We have no experience in selling pharmaceutical or other products or in manufacturing or procuring drug products in commercial quantities in compliance with FDA rules, and we have only limited experience in negotiating, establishing and maintaining collaborative relationships and conducting later stage phases of the regulatory approval process. Our ability to manage our growth, if any, will require us to improve and expand our management and our operational and financial systems and controls. If our management is unable to manage growth effectively, our business and financial condition would be adversely affected. In addition, if rapid growth occurs, it may strain our operational, managerial and financial resources, which are limited.
We depend on intellectual property rights licensed from third parties. If we fail to meet our obligations under our license agreements, or if technology licensed to us is subject to the rights of others, we could lose our rights of exclusivity of use to key technologies on which our business depends.
Our business depends on our technology, which is based in part on patents and patent applications licensed from third parties. Those third-party license agreements impose obligations on us, such as payment obligations and obligations to diligently pursue development of commercial products under the licensed rights. Our license agreement regarding cintredekin besudotox requires us to engage in clinical trials of the compound in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Previous trials demonstrated that cintredekin besudotox is toxic in those patients. However, we have instead focused on developing this compound for treating patients with glioblastoma multiforme. We have informed the governmental agency from which we licensed these patents of this change, and we received no objections to it.
Because of our dependence on intellectual property rights licensed to us by third parties, any adverse development in our relationship with these licensors, including a dispute regarding our rights under the agreements or the grant of rights by our licensors to others, could materially and adversely affect our right to commercialize the products we are developing or preclude others from commercializing these products.
If a licensor believes that we have failed to meet our obligations under a license agreement, the licensor could seek to limit or terminate our licensed rights, which could lead to costly and time-consuming litigation and, potentially, a loss of the licensed rights. During the period of any such litigation, our ability to carry out the development and commercialization of potential products could be significantly and negatively affected. If our licensed rights were restricted or ultimately lost, our ability to continue our business based on the affected technology platform would be severely adversely affected.
We depend in large part on our licensors to have and maintain the patent rights licensed to us. Where our licensors cannot license technologies to us to the exclusion of third parties, our competitive position could be impaired. In this regard, we understand that co-rights to the technologies exclusively licensed to us by NIH relating to cintredekin besudotox are claimed by one of the inventors, who has subsequently entered into an agreement assigning such rights as he may have to a third party. We are in the process of determining the nature of his claimed rights and whether or not this assignment is valid. Although we have been granted “orphan drug” status with respect to the use of cintredekin besudotox for malignant gliomas (a class of brain tumors which includes glioblastoma multiforme), and are thus potentially eligible to receive orphan drug exclusivity upon approval, in the event it were to be determined at a future date that we do not have exclusive rights to the technology licensed to us by NIH, we may be unable to preclude third parties during or after any period of orphan drug exclusivity from commercializing a drug based on cintredekin besudotox for other indications, which could cause our business to suffer. In order to receive orphan drug exclusivity, we must be the first cintredekin besudotox product approved for malignant glioma. We are currently unaware of anyone else developing a cintredekin besudotox based drug for the treatment of malignant glioma, and believe that significant hurdles exist to bringing such a product forward to compete with our drug product candidate. If we receive orphan drug exclusivity, it would prevent FDA for a period of seven years from approving another sponsor’s marketing application for the same drug for those orphan indications, except that a subsequent applicant could still be approved if it demonstrated clinical superiority to our product. Other applicants could also receive approval of compounds other than cintredekin besudotox for malignant glioma, which would compete with our product, or could receive approval of cintredekin besudotox for other uses, in which case the competing cintredekin besudotox products, if suitable, could be prescribed by physicians outside their FDA approvals for malignant glioma and harm our business. In addition, it should be noted that, even if it were determined at a future date that we do not have exclusivity with respect to the patents and patent applications licensed from NIH, we have also filed various additional patent applications related to the methods of administration and use of cintredekin besudotox which are not part of the NIH patents. While we believe that patents that may eventually be granted under these patent applications would provide us with additional exclusivity of use for cintredekin besudotox, these patent applications are still pending, may not be granted, and are subject to the risks described herein relating to patents in general.
Our inability to adequately protect our proprietary technologies could harm our competitive position and have a material adverse effect on our business.
The success of our business depends, in part, on our ability to obtain patents and maintain adequate protection of our intellectual
26
property for our proprietary technology and products in the United States and other countries. The laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, and many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting their proprietary rights in these foreign countries. These problems can be caused, for example, by a lack of rules and processes allowing for meaningful defense of intellectual property rights. If we do not adequately protect our intellectual property, competitors may be able to use our technologies and impair our competitive position, with the result that our business and operating results could be harmed.
The patent positions of pharmaceutical companies, including our patent positions, are often uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. We will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that our proprietary technologies are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained as trade secrets. We apply for patents covering our technologies and drug product candidates, as we deem appropriate. Currently, we either own or have obtained licenses to more than 50 United States patents and patent applications relating to our technology, compounds, and drug product candidates, many of which have foreign counterparts either as issued patents or pending patent applications. However, we may not obtain patents on all inventions for which we seek patents, and any patents we obtain may be challenged and may be narrowed in scope or extinguished as a result of such challenges. Our existing patents and any future patents we obtain may not be sufficiently broad to prevent others from practicing our technologies or from developing competing products. Others may independently develop similar or alternative technologies or design around our patented technologies or drug product candidates. These companies would then be able to develop, manufacture, and sell products, which compete directly with our drug product candidates. In that case, our revenues and operating results would decline.
We rely upon trade secret protection for certain of our confidential information, including certain of our trade secrets, know-how, technology advances and processes. While we have taken measures to protect our confidential information, and to date have not experienced any difficulties in maintaining the confidentiality of our information, these measures may not provide adequate protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other confidential information in the future. We seek to protect our confidential information by entering into confidentiality agreements with employees, collaborators, and consultants. Nevertheless, employees, collaborators, or consultants may still disclose or misuse our confidential information, and we may not be able to meaningfully protect our trade secrets. In addition, others may independently develop substantially equivalent information or techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets. Disclosure or misuse of our confidential information would harm our competitive position and could cause our revenues and operating results to decline.
We may be sued for infringing on the intellectual property rights of others.
Our commercial success also depends in part on ensuring that we do not infringe the patents or proprietary rights of third parties. The biotechnology industry has produced a proliferation of patents, and it is not always clear to industry participants, including us, which patents cover various types of products. The coverage of patents is subject to interpretation by the courts, and the interpretation is not always uniform. While we have not been sued for infringing the intellectual property rights of others, there can be no assurance that the drug product candidates that we have under development do not or will not infringe on the patent or proprietary rights of others. Third parties may assert that we are employing their proprietary technology without authorization. We know of patents issued to third parties relating to antisense and oligonucleotide technology, including patents about which such third parties have communicated with us suggesting possible infringement, but the claims of which we believe we do not infringe or are invalid. Moreover, United States patent applications filed in recent years are confidential for 18 months, while older applications are not published until the patent issues. Further, some applications are kept secret during the entire length of their pendency by request of the applicant in special circumstances. As a result, there may be patents of which we are unaware, and avoiding patent infringement may be difficult. Patent holders sometimes send communications to a number of companies in related fields, suggesting possible infringement, and we, like a number of biotechnology companies, have received this type of communication. If we are sued for patent infringement, we would need to demonstrate that we either do not infringe the patent claims of the relevant patent and/or that the patent claims are invalid, which we may not be able to do. Proving invalidity, in particular, is difficult since it requires a showing of clear and convincing evidence to overcome the presumption of validity enjoyed by issued patents. Parties making claims against us may be able to obtain injunctive or other equitable relief that could effectively block our ability to further develop, commercialize and sell products, and such claims could result in the award of substantial damages against us. In the event of a successful claim of infringement against us, we may be required to pay damages and obtain one or more licenses from third parties. We may not be able to obtain these licenses at a reasonable cost, if at all. In that event, we could encounter delays in product introductions while we attempt to develop alternative methods or products or be required to cease commercializing affected products and our operating results would be harmed.
In the future, others may file patent applications covering technologies that we may wish to utilize with our proprietary technologies, or products that are similar to products developed with the use of our technologies. If these patent applications result in issued patents and we wish to use the claimed technology, we would need to obtain a license from the third party, and this would increase our costs of operations and harm our operating results.
We may in the future be a party to patent litigation, which could be expensive and divert our management’s attention.
The field of biotechnology has been characterized by extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights,
27
and companies in the industry have used intellectual property litigation to gain a competitive advantage. We may become a party to patent infringement claims and litigation or interference proceedings declared by the US Patent and Trademark Office to determine the priority of inventions. The defense and prosecution of these matters are both costly and time consuming. We may need to commence proceedings against others to enforce our patents, trade secrets or other know-how or defend against claims of infringement asserted against us, which would require investigation and determination of the enforceability, scope and validity of the respective proprietary rights. These proceedings could result in substantial expense to us and significant diversion of efforts by our technical and management personnel.
If we lose key management personnel or are unable to attract and retain the talent required for our business, our business could be harmed.
We are highly dependent on the principal members of our management staff, including, but not limited to, our President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Guillermo A. Herrera. The principal members of our management and scientific staff accepted employment on the basis of written offers which set forth the salary and benefits to be provided, including, but not limited to, salary continuation payments upon termination of employment. Only Mr. Herrera has an employment contract with us. We do not have key man insurance on any of our management. If we were to lose the services of Mr. Herrera, or other members of our management staff, and were unable to replace them, our product development and the achievement of our strategic objectives could be delayed. In addition, our success will depend on our ability to attract and retain qualified commercial, scientific, technical, and managerial personnel. While we have not experienced unusual difficulties to date in recruiting and retaining personnel, there is intense competition for qualified staff and no assurance can be given that we will be able to retain existing personnel or attract and retain qualified staff in the future.
The demand for our drug product candidates, if any, may be adversely affected by health care reform and potential limitations on third-party reimbursement.
In recent years, there have been numerous proposals to change the health care system in the US. Some of these proposals have included measures that would limit or eliminate payments for medical procedures and treatments or subject the pricing of pharmaceutical products to government control. We cannot predict the effect that health care reforms may have on our business, and it is possible that such reforms will hurt our business. In addition, in both the US and elsewhere, sales of prescription pharmaceutical products are dependent in part on the availability of reimbursement to the consumer from third party payors, such as government and private insurance plans. Third party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services with respect to new drug products in particular. If we succeed in bringing any of our drug product candidates to the market, we cannot be certain that our products will be considered cost effective or that reimbursement to the consumer will be available or will be sufficient to allow us or our collaborators to sell our products on a competitive basis.
In addition, many health maintenance organizations and other third party payors use formularies, or lists of drugs for which coverage is provided under a health care benefit plan, to control the costs of prescription drugs. Each payor that maintains a drug formulary makes its own determination as to whether a new drug will be added to the formulary and whether particular drugs in a therapeutic class will have preferred status over other drugs in the same class. This determination often involves an assessment of the clinical appropriateness of the drug and sometimes the cost of the drug in comparison to alternative products. We cannot be assured that:
· our future drug products, if any, will be added to payors’ formularies;
· such future drug products will have preferred status to alternative therapies; or
· the formulary decisions will be conducted in a timely manner.
We may also decide to enter into discount or formulary fee arrangements with payors, which could result in us receiving lower or discounted prices for drug products we may develop in the future.
Physicians, patients, payors, or the medical community in general may be unwilling to accept, utilize, or recommend any of our drug products, and the failure to achieve market acceptance will harm our business.
Even if approved for marketing, our drug products may not achieve market acceptance. The degree of market acceptance of our drug products will depend upon a number of factors, including:
· the establishment and demonstration in the medical community of the safety and clinical efficacy of our drug products and their potential advantages over existing therapeutic products, including non-liposomal forms of the active agents included in our drug products; and
· pricing and reimbursement policies of government and third party payors such as insurance companies, health maintenance organizations and other plan administrators.
Material weaknesses or deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting could harm stockholder and business confidence in our financial reporting, our ability to obtain financing, and other aspects of our business.
As of March 31 2006, management concluded that a control deficiency with respect to the review and verification of the accuracy of the calculation estimating the fair value of non-employee stock options constituted a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. This control deficiency resulted in an adjustment to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 affecting derivative financial instruments and change in fair value of derivative financial instruments.
28
Management is in the process of reviewing and, as necessary, revising its policies and procedures with respect to its controls over the review and verification of the accuracy of the calculation estimating the fair value of non-employee stock options to ensure that all reasonable steps will be taken to correct this material weakness. The deficiency will not be considered remediated until the new internal controls are operational for a period of time and are tested, and management has concluded that the controls are operating effectively. Until it is remediated, the identified control deficiency could result in a misstatement in the derivative financial instruments and change in fair value of derivative financial instruments balances that would not be prevented or detected. While management believes it has or will take the appropriate steps to remediate this control deficiency, we may not be able to remediate the identified control deficiency prior to management’s assessment and the audit of our assessment as of December 31, 2006. A failure on our part to properly remediate the control deficiency could materially and adversely affect our business, our financial condition and the market value of our securities. In addition, our ability to obtain additional financing could be materially or adversely affected.
Internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance that deficiencies or weaknesses are identified. Additionally, potential control deficiencies that are not yet identified could emerge and internal controls that are currently deemed to be in place and operating effectively are subject to the risk that those controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Identification and corrections of these types of potential control deficiencies could have a material impact on our business, financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.
Our investments could lose market value and consequently harm our ability to fund continuing operations.
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. To achieve this objective, we maintain our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in a variety of securities, including government and corporate obligations and money market funds. The market values of these investments may fluctuate due to market conditions and other conditions over which we have no control. Fluctuations in the market price and valuations of these securities may require us to record losses due to impairment in the value of the securities underlying our investment. This could result in future charges to our earnings. All of our investment securities are denominated in US dollars.
Investments in both fixed-rate and floating-rate interest earning instruments carry varying degrees of interest rate risk. Fixed-rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates. In general, securities with longer maturities are subject to greater interest rate risk than those with shorter maturities. While floating-rate securities generally are subject to less interest rate risk than fixed-rate securities, floating-rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates decrease. Due in part to these factors, our investment income may fall short of expectations or we may suffer losses in principal if securities are sold that have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates.
We handle hazardous materials and must comply with environmental laws and regulations, which can be expensive and restrict how we do business. We could also be liable for damages, penalties, or other forms of censure if we are involved in a hazardous waste spill or other accident.
Our research and development processes involve the controlled storage, use, and disposal of hazardous materials and biological hazardous materials. We are subject to federal, state, and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous materials and certain waste products. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of these hazardous materials comply with the standards prescribed by law and regulation, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from hazardous materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident, even by a third party, we could be held liable for any damages that result, and such liability could exceed our current general liability insurance coverage of $1,000,000 and our financial resources. In the future, we may not be able to maintain insurance on acceptable terms, or at all. We could also be required to incur significant costs to comply with current or future environmental laws and regulations.
We may have product liability exposure, and insurance against such claims may not be available to us at reasonable rates or at all.
While we maintain insurance to cover the use of our drug product candidates in clinical trials, we currently do not have any product liability insurance for marketed human therapeutic products. Although we plan to obtain product liability insurance when and if any of our drug product candidates become commercially available, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain or maintain this insurance on acceptable terms or that any insurance we obtain will provide us with adequate coverage against potential liabilities. Claims or losses in excess of any liability insurance coverage we obtain would have a material adverse effect on our business.
29
Anti-takeover provisions could make a third party acquisition of us or the removal of our board of directors or management more difficult.
In June 2003, we adopted a stockholder rights plan that provided for the issuance of rights to purchase shares of Series A Participating Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred”) of the Company. Under the plan, we distributed one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock. Each purchase right entitles the holder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth (1/1000th) of a share of Series A Preferred at a price of $112.00 per share, subject to adjustment. The rights become exercisable, with certain exceptions, ten business days after any party, without prior approval of our Board of Directors, acquires, or announces an offer to acquire, beneficial ownership of 15% or more of our common stock. An exception to this policy exists in the case of our largest shareholder, Dr. John N. Kapoor, who is permitted to acquire up to 30% of our common stock without triggering the rights issuance. In the event that any party acquires 15% or more of our common stock (other than Dr. Kapoor for whom the threshold is 30%), we are acquired in a merger or other business combination, or 50% or more of our assets are sold after the time that the rights become exercisable, the rights provide that each right holder will receive, upon exercise, shares of the common stock of the surviving or acquiring company, as applicable, having a market value of twice the exercise price of the right. The stockholder rights plan may discourage or prevent certain types of transactions involving an actual or potential change in control, which transactions may be beneficial to our shareholders, by causing substantial dilution to a party that attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by our Board of Directors. In addition, Section 203 and other provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law as well as provisions of our charter and by-laws could make a takeover of us or the removal of the members of the board of directors or management more difficult.
The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the holders of our common stock.
Our board of directors has the authority, without further stockholder approval, to issue from time to time shares of preferred stock in one or more designated series or classes. Depending upon the rights and preferences which may be granted to any class of preferred shares which we may elect to issue, issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our common stock and reduce the likelihood that our common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance of preferred stock could also decrease the market price of our common stock, or have terms and conditions that could discourage a takeover or other transaction that might involve a premium price for our shares or that our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests.
If there are substantial sales of common stock, the market price of our common stock could decline.
Sales of substantial numbers of shares of common stock could cause a decline in the market price of our stock. We have filed Form S-8 registration statements registering shares issuable pursuant to our equity compensation plans. Any sales by existing stockholders or holders of options may have an adverse effect on our ability to raise capital and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit 31.1 | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
Exhibit 31.2 | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer |
| | |
Exhibit 32.1 | | Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
| | |
Exhibit 32.2 | | Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
30
SIGNATURE PAGE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | NEOPHARM, INC. |
Date: May 15, 2006 | | By: | | /s/ Lawrence A. Kenyon |
| | | | Lawrence A. Kenyon, |
| | | | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
31