| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | (1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Basis of Presentation
ResMed Inc. (referred to herein as “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company”) is a Delaware corporation formed in March 1994 as a holding company for the ResMed Group. Through our subsidiaries, we design, manufacture and market equipment for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing and other respiratory disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea. Our manufacturing operations are located in Australia, Singapore, Malaysia, France, China and the United States. Major distribution and sales sites are located in the United States, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Australia, Japan, China, Norway and Sweden.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all necessary adjustments, which consisted only of normal recurring items, have been included in the accompanying financial statements to present fairly the results of the interim periods. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending June 30, 2019 .
The condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2018 .
Revenue Recognition
We adopted Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” on July 1, 2018. We account for a contract with a customer when there is a legally enforceable contract, the rights of the parties are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of the contract consideration is probable. Our revenue relates primarily to the sale of our products that are therapy-based equipment. Some contracts include additional performance obligations such as the provision of extended warranties and data for patient monitoring. Our software as a service (“SaaS”) business offers software access with ongoing support and maintenance services as well as professional services such as training and consulting.
Disaggregation of revenue
We have determined that we predominantly operate in a single operating segment, which is the sleep and respiratory disorders sector of the medical device industry. Due to the acquisition of Brightree LLC (“Brightree”) in April 2016, our operations now include the supply of SaaS to medical equipment and home health providers. However, these SaaS operations, both in terms of revenue and profit, are not material to our global operations and have not been separately reported. The following table summarizes our net revenue disaggregated by product and region for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to September 30, 2017 (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30,
2018
2017
U.S., Canada and Latin America
Devices
$ 172.4
$ 157.9
Masks
154.0
138.7
Total devices and masks
$ 326.4
$ 296.6
Software as a Service
47.5
38.1
Total
$ 373.9
$ 334.7
Combined Europe, Asia and other markets
Devices
$ 151.7
$ 128.3
Masks
62.7
60.7
Total
$ 214.4
$ 189.0
Global revenue
Devices
$ 324.1
$ 286.2
Masks
216.7
199.4
Total devices and masks
$ 540.8
$ 485.6
Software as a Service
47.5
38.1
Total
$ 588.3
$ 523.7
Performance obligations and contract balances
Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of risk and/or control of our products are provided at a point in time. For most products, we transfer control and recognize a sale when products are shipped from our manufacturing facility or warehouse to the customer. For contracts with customers that contain destination shipping terms, revenue is not recognized until risk has transferred and the goods are delivered to the agreed upon destination. Depending on the terms of the arrangement, we will defer the recognition of a portion of the consideration received when performance obligations are not yet satisfied. Consideration received from customers in advance of revenue recognition is classified as deferred revenue. Performance obligations resulting in deferred revenue relate primarily to the provision of software access with maintenance and support, extended warranties on our devices and provision of data for patient monitoring. Generally, deferred revenue will be recognized over a period of one to five years. The following table summarizes our contract balances at September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands):
September 30, 2018
June 30, 2018
Balance sheet caption
Contract assets
Accounts receivable, net
$ 463,743
$ 483,681
Accounts receivable, net
Unbilled revenue, current
12,861
13,342
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Unbilled revenue, non-current
3,718
2,973
Prepaid taxes and other non-current assets
Contract liabilities
Deferred revenue, current
(64,822)
(60,828)
Deferred revenue (current liabilities)
Deferred revenue, non-current
(73,810)
(71,596)
Deferred revenue (non-current liabilities)
Transaction price determination
Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. The amount of consideration received and revenue recognized varies with changes in marketing incentives (e.g., rebates, discounts, free goods) and returns offered to customers and their customers. When we give customers the right to return eligible products and receive credit, returns are estimated based on an analysis of historical experience. However, returns of products, excluding warranty related returns, are infrequent and insignificant. We adjust the estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration can be estimated, the amount expected to be received changes, or when the consideration becomes fixed.
We offer our customers cash or product rebates based on volume or sales targets measured over quarterly or annual periods. We estimate rebates based on each customer’s expected achievement of its targets. In accounting for these rebate programs, we reduce revenue ratably as sales occur over the rebate period by the expected value of the rebates to be returned to the customer. Rebates measured over a quarterly period are updated based on actual sales results and, therefore, no estimation is required to determine the reduction to revenue. For rebates measured over annual periods, we update our estimates on a quarterly basis based on actual sales results and updated forecasts for the remaining rebate periods. We also offer discounts to customers as part of normal business practice and these are deducted from revenue when the sale occurs.
Many of our contracts have a single performance obligation which is the shipment of our therapy-based equipment. However, when the contract has multiple performance obligations, we generally use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price by reference to pricing and discounting practices for the specific product or service when sold separately to similar customers. Revenue is then allocated proportionately, based on the determined stand-alone selling price, to the performance obligation.
Accounting and practical expedient elections
We have elected to account for shipping and handling activities as a fulfillment cost within cost of sales, and record shipping and handling costs collected from customers in net revenue. We have also elected for all taxes assessed by government authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with revenue-producing transactions, such as sales and value added taxes, to be excluded from revenue. We have adopted two practical expedients including the “right to invoice” practical expedient, which allows us to recognize revenue in the amount of the invoice when it corresponds directly with the value of performance completed to date and which is relevant for some of our SaaS contracts. The second practical expedient adopted permits relief from considering a significant financing component when the payment for the good or service is expected to be one year or less.
Provision for Warranty
We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized. We determine the amount of this provision by using a financial model, which takes into consideration actual historical expenses and potential risks associated with our different products. We use this financial model to calculate the future probable expenses related to warranty and the required level of the warranty provision. Although we engage in product improvement programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and costs incurred to correct those product failures. Should actual product failure rates or estimated costs to repair those product failures differ from our estimates, we would be required to revise our estimated warranty provision.
New Accounting Pronouncements
(a) Recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted
ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases”
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842). Under the new guidance , lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, other than those that meet the definition of a short-term lease. This update will establish a lease asset and lease liability by lessees for those leases classified as operating under current GAAP. Leases will be classified as either operating or finance under the new guidance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense in the income statement, similar to current operating leases, and finance leases will result in more expense being recognized in the earlier years of the lease term, similar to current capital leases. For lessors, the update will more closely align lease accounting to comparable guidance in the new revenue standards described.
The new standard is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of the year ending June 30, 2020 and early application is permitted. ASU 2016-02 will be adopted on a modified retrospective transition basis. There is a practical expedient available that would permit any leases that existed at the date of adoption to continue to be accounted for in accordance with the previous GAAP, ASC 840. We are still evaluating whether we will adopt this practical expedient.
We formed an implementation team during the year ended June 30, 2018 to oversee adoption of the new standard. The implementation team has established a project plan as well as initiated collecting global data on our lease agreements. There are a number of steps in the team’s project plan that remain to be completed including: executing global education program, designing the system solution for data collation and balance calculations, evaluating the impact, and working through required changes to systems, business processes and controls to support the adoption of the new leases standard. While the formal impact assessment is ongoing, we expect this amendment will affect the way we account for operating leases where we are the lessee (as described above), require reassessment of how we account for revenue where we are the lessor and will result in increased disclosures for all lease arrangements. We are still evaluating the impact the standard will have on our financial statements.
(b) Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. Since its initial release, the FASB has issued several amendments to the standard, which include clarification of accounting guidance related to identification of performance obligations, intellectual property licenses, and principal vs. agent considerations. ASU 2014-09 and all subsequent amendments (collectively, the “new revenue recognition standards”) replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP during the current quarter when it became effective. The guidance also requires improved disclosures on the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized.
Effective July 1, 2018, we adopted the new revenue recognition standards and applied its provisions to all contracts using the modified retrospective method. Application of the new provisions did not have a material impact on our financial statements and no cumulative-effect adjustment was calculated or recognized. The comparative information has not been restated; however, if it were there would be no change in the accounting treatment. Refer to the “Revenue Recognition” section above for further details about our revenue recognition following adoption of the new revenue recognition standards.
ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall"
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall" (Topic 825-10). The amendments address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments, and require equity investments, other than equity-method investments, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized through net income. The amendments also simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment for impairment quarterly at each reporting period. We adopted ASU 2016-01 during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 and elected to apply the practical expedient for measuring equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair market. Based on our elections, our strategic equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values are measured at cost, less any impairments, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identifiable or similar investments of the same issuer. The measurement alternative was applied prospectively and the adoption of ASU 2016-01 did not result in an adjustment to retained earnings.
ASU No. 2016-16, “Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory”
In October 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update ASU No. 2016-16, “Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory” (Topic 740). Under the new guidance, an entity is required to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs and eliminates the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. ASU 2016-16 became effective during the three months ended September 30, 2018 and is required to be adopted on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded directly to retained earnings for intra-entity transfers that occur before the adoption date. Accordingly, we recognized the following reclassifications upon adoption (in thousands):
Balance Sheet Caption
As reported balance June 30, 2018
Adoption of ASU 2016-16 Increase/(Decrease)
Revised balance July 1, 2018
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
$ 124,634
$ (28,947)
$ 95,687
Prepaid taxes and other non-current assets
273,710
(156,406)
117,304
Deferred income taxes
53,818
(3,445)
50,373
Equity
Retained Earnings
2,432,328
(188,798)
2,243,530 |
