Segment Disclosures | Note 13. Segment Disclosures Our business units have been aggregated into three practice groups: Financial Services, Benefits and Insurance Services and National Practices. The business units have been aggregated based on the following factors: similarity of the products and services provided to clients; similarity of the regulatory environment in which they operate; and similarity of economic conditions affecting long-term performance. The business units are managed along these segment lines. A general description of services provided by each practice group is provided in the table below. Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices • Accounting and Tax • Government Healthcare Consulting • Financial Advisory • Valuation • Risk & Advisory Services • Group Health Benefits Consulting • Payroll • Property & Casualty • Retirement Plan Services • Managed Networking and Hardware Services • Healthcare Consulting Corporate and Other . Included in “Corporate and Other” are operating expenses that are not directly allocated to the individual business units. These expenses are primarily comprised of certain health care costs, gains or losses attributable to assets held in our non-qualified deferred compensation plan, stock-based compensation, consolidation and integration charges, certain professional fees, certain advertising costs and other various expenses. Accounting policies of the practice groups are the same as those described in Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Upon consolidation, intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated, thus inter-segment revenue is not included in the measure of profit or loss for the practice groups. Performance of the practice groups is evaluated on operating income excluding those costs listed above, which are reported in the “Corporate and Other” segment. Segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20 20 a nd 201 9 is presented below. We do not manage our assets on a segment basis, therefore segment assets are not presented below. The following table disaggregates our revenue by source (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Financial Benefits & National Services Insurance Practices Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 155,499 $ — $ — $ 155,499 Core Benefits and Insurance Services — 71,497 — 71,497 Non-core Benefits and Insurance Services — 2,384 — 2,384 Managed networking, hardware services — — 6,592 6,592 National Practices consulting — — 2,417 2,417 Total revenue $ 155,499 $ 73,881 $ 9,009 $ 238,389 Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Financial Benefits & National Services Insurance Practices Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 153,794 $ — $ — $ 153,794 Core Benefits and Insurance — 73,409 — 73,409 Non-core Benefits and Insurance — 3,551 — 3,551 Managed networking, hardware services — — 6,553 6,553 National Practices consulting — — 2,483 2,483 Total revenue $ 153,794 $ 76,960 $ 9,036 $ 239,790 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Financial Benefits & National Services Insurance Practices Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 498,359 $ — $ — $ 498,359 Core Benefits and Insurance Services — 219,362 — 219,362 Non-core Benefits and Insurance Services — 8,071 — 8,071 Managed networking, hardware services — — 19,748 19,748 National Practices consulting — — 7,247 7,247 Total revenue $ 498,359 $ 227,433 $ 26,995 $ 752,787 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Financial Benefits & National Services Insurance Practices Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 493,311 $ — $ — $ 493,311 Core Benefits and Insurance Services — 216,394 — 216,394 Non-core Benefits and Insurance Services — 8,948 — 8,948 Managed networking, hardware services — — 19,499 19,499 National Practices consulting — — 7,134 7,134 Total revenue $ 493,311 $ 225,342 $ 26,633 $ 745,286 Segment information for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices Corporate and Other Total Revenue $ 155,499 $ 73,881 $ 9,009 $ — $ 238,389 Operating expenses 129,922 62,013 8,070 4,755 204,760 Gross margin 25,577 11,868 939 (4,755 ) 33,629 Corporate general & admin — — — 11,339 11,339 Operating income (loss) 25,577 11,868 939 (16,094 ) 22,290 Other income (expense): Interest expense — (10 ) — (964 ) (974 ) Gain (loss) on sale of operations, net (76 ) 2 — — (74 ) Other income, net (14 ) (36 ) — 5,964 5,914 Total other income (expense) (90 ) (44 ) 0 5,000 4,866 Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense $ 25,487 $ 11,824 $ 939 $ (11,094 ) $ 27,156 Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices Corporate and Other Total Revenue $ 153,794 $ 76,960 $ 9,036 $ — $ 239,790 Operating expenses 128,231 63,390 8,104 9,421 209,146 Gross margin 25,563 13,570 932 (9,421 ) 30,644 Corporate general & admin — — — 11,670 11,670 Operating income (loss) 25,563 13,570 932 (21,091 ) 18,974 Other income (expense): Interest expense — (14 ) — (1,507 ) (1,521 ) Gain (loss) on sale of operations, net 16 — — (161 ) (145 ) Other income, net 14 9 — 6,744 6,767 Total other income (expense) 30 (5 ) 0 5,076 5,101 Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense $ 25,593 $ 13,565 $ 932 $ (16,015 ) $ 24,075 Segment information for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices Corporate and Other Total Revenue $ 498,359 $ 227,433 $ 26,995 $ — $ 752,787 Operating expenses 395,937 188,519 24,343 4,804 613,603 Gross margin 102,422 38,914 2,652 (4,804 ) 139,184 Corporate general & admin — — — 32,988 32,988 Operating income (loss) 102,422 38,914 2,652 (37,792 ) 106,196 Other income: Interest expense — (30 ) — (4,137 ) (4,167 ) Gain (loss) on sale of operations, net (25 ) 103 — — 78 Other (expense) income, net 32 190 1 3,227 3,450 Total other income 7 263 1 (910 ) (639 ) Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense $ 102,429 $ 39,177 $ 2,653 $ (38,702 ) $ 105,557 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices Corporate and Other Total Revenue $ 493,311 $ 225,342 $ 26,633 $ — $ 745,286 Operating expenses 390,847 185,836 24,308 21,799 622,790 Gross margin 102,464 39,506 2,325 (21,799 ) 122,496 Corporate general & admin — — — 33,916 33,916 Operating income (loss) 102,464 39,506 2,325 (55,715 ) 88,580 Other income: Interest expense — (38 ) — (4,471 ) (4,509 ) Gain (loss) on sale of operations, net 563 — — (161 ) 402 Other (expense) income, net (188 ) 204 1 12,699 12,716 Total other income 375 166 1 8,067 8,609 Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense $ 102,839 $ 39,672 $ 2,326 $ (47,648 ) $ 97,189 |