CBIZ (CBZ) 10-Q 25 Apr 24 2024 Q1 Quarterly report Financial data

Cover

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 19, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-32961
Entity Registrant Name	CBIZ, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	22-2769024
Entity Address, Address Line One	5959 Rockside Woods
Entity Address, Address Line Two	N. Suite 600
Entity Address, City or Town	Independence
Entity Address, State or Province	OH
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	44131
City Area Code	216
Local Phone Number	447-9000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value
Trading Symbol	CBZ
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		50,112,138
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Central Index Key	0000944148
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

Condensed Consolidated Balance

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,402	$ 8,090
Restricted cash	27,740	30,362
Accounts receivable, net	504,107	380,152
Other current assets	41,570	34,895
Current assets before funds held for clients	574,819	453,499
Funds held for clients	147,345	159,186
Total current assets	722,164	612,685
Non-current assets:
Property and equipment, net	57,994	57,012
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	1,038,410	1,008,604
Assets of deferred compensation plan	157,709	143,499
Right-of-use assets, net	209,231	211,024
Other non-current assets	11,490	10,768
Total non-current assets	1,474,834	1,430,907
Total assets	2,196,998	2,043,592
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	93,530	82,831
Income taxes payable	26,817	2,097
Accrued personnel costs	71,377	133,593
Contingent purchase price liabilities	64,559	66,287
Operating lease liabilities	37,183	36,283
Other current liabilities	28,555	30,937
Current liabilities before client fund obligations	322,021	352,028
Client fund obligations	148,034	159,893
Total current liabilities	470,055	511,921
Non-current liabilities:
Bank debt	437,800	312,400
Debt issuance costs	(1,456)	(1,574)
Total long-term debt, net	436,344	310,826
Income taxes payable	2,091	1,984
Deferred income taxes, net	31,686	29,287
Deferred compensation plan obligations	157,709	143,499
Contingent purchase price liabilities	29,627	48,659
Lease liabilities	201,115	203,905
Other non-current liabilities	1,282	1,893
Total non-current liabilities	859,854	740,053
Total liabilities	1,329,909	1,251,974
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock	1,379	1,374
Additional paid in capital	841,268	832,475
Retained earnings	931,968	855,084
Treasury stock	(910,322)	(899,093)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	2,796	1,778
Total stockholders’ equity	867,089	791,618
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 2,196,998	$ 2,043,592

Condensed Consolidated Statemen

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 494,297	$ 454,606
Operating expenses	376,485	341,011
Gross margin	117,812	113,595
Corporate general and administrative expenses	18,711	15,598
Operating income	99,101	97,997
Other (expense) income:
Interest expense	(4,511)	(3,641)
Gain on sale of operations, net	0	99
Other income, net	9,424	5,112
Total other income, net	4,913	1,570
Income before income tax expense	104,014	99,567
Income tax expense	27,130	26,407
Net Income	$ 76,884	$ 73,160
Earnings per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 1.54	$ 1.45
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 1.53	$ 1.44
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	50,045	50,367
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	50,221	50,762
Comprehensive income:
Net income	$ 76,884	$ 73,160
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1,018	(1,213)
Comprehensive income	$ 77,902	$ 71,947

Condensed Consolidated Statem_2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Restricted stock units and awards	Performance Share Units	Common Stock	Common Stock Restricted stock units and awards	Common Stock Performance Share Units	Treasury Shares	Additional Paid-In Capital	Additional Paid-In Capital Restricted stock units and awards	Additional Paid-In Capital Performance Share Units	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022				136,295
Treasury stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022							86,115
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 713,452			$ 1,363			$ (824,778)	$ 799,147			$ 734,116	$ 3,604
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	73,160										73,160
Other comprehensive income	(1,213)											(1,213)
Share repurchases (in shares)							428
Share repurchases	(20,791)						$ (20,791)
Indirect repurchase of shares for minimum tax withholding (in shares)							169
Indirect repurchase of shares for minimum tax withholding	(8,224)						$ (8,224)
Restricted stock units and awards and performance share units (in shares)					123	244
Restricted stock units and awards and performance share units		$ 0	$ 0		$ 1	$ 2			$ (1)	$ (2)
Stock options exercised (in shares)				189
Stock options exercised	3,629			$ 2				3,627
Stock-based compensation	3,831							3,831
Business acquisitions (in shares)				173
Business acquisitions	8,086			$ 2				8,084
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023				137,024
Treasury stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023							86,712
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	771,930			$ 1,370			$ (853,793)	814,686			807,276	2,391
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023				137,387
Treasury stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023							87,573
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	791,618			$ 1,374			$ (899,093)	832,475			855,084	1,778
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	76,884										76,884
Other comprehensive income	1,018											1,018
Indirect repurchase of shares for minimum tax withholding (in shares)							170
Indirect repurchase of shares for minimum tax withholding	(11,229)						$ (11,229)
Restricted stock units and awards and performance share units (in shares)			273		102
Restricted stock units and awards and performance share units		$ 0	$ 0		$ 1	$ 3			$ (1)	$ (3)
Stock-based compensation	2,638							2,638
Business acquisitions (in shares)				93
Business acquisitions	6,160			$ 1				6,159
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024				137,855
Treasury stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024							87,743
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 867,089			$ 1,379			$ (910,322)	$ 841,268			$ 931,968	$ 2,796

Condensed Consolidated Statem_3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 76,884	$ 73,160
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	9,468	8,625
Gain on sale of operations, net	0	(99)
Bad debt expense, net of recoveries	550	461
Adjustment to contingent earnout liability	434	630
Stock-based compensation expense	2,638	3,831
Deferred income taxes	2,057	2,641
Other, net	150	108
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:
Accounts receivable, net	(121,551)	(99,423)
Other assets	(2,592)	(188)
Accounts payable	5,743	1,049
Income taxes payable	24,827	23,408
Accrued personnel costs	(62,381)	(61,898)
Other liabilities	53	3,184
Net cash used in operating activities	(63,720)	(44,511)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Business acquisitions and purchases of client lists, net of cash acquired	(21,337)	(39,055)
Purchases of client fund investments	(4,440)	0
Proceeds from the sales and maturities of client fund investments	5,450	500
Proceeds from sales of divested operations	0	120
Change in funds held for clients	(1,015)	5
Additions to property and equipment	(5,121)	(3,599)
Other, net	(2,239)	(3,867)
Net cash used in investing activities	(28,702)	(45,896)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from bank debt	381,200	348,600
Payment of bank debt	(255,800)	(210,600)
Payment for acquisition of treasury stock	0	(19,776)
Indirect repurchase of shares for minimum tax withholding	(11,229)	(8,224)
Changes in client funds obligations	(11,859)	(23,251)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	0	3,629
Payment of contingent consideration for acquisitions and client lists	(31,124)	(28,600)
Net cash provided by financing activities	71,188	61,778
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(21,234)	(28,629)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	157,148	160,145
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	135,914	131,516
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Cash and cash equivalents	1,402	2,265
Restricted cash	27,740	25,109
Cash equivalents included in funds held for clients	106,772	104,142
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 135,914	$ 131,516

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Selected Terms Used in Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements ASA – Administrative Service Agreement ASC – Accounting Standards Codification ASU – Accounting Standards Update CPA firm – Certified Public Accounting firm FASB – The Financial Accounting Standards Board GAAP – United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles SOFR – Secured Overnight Financing Rate SEC – United States Securities and Exchange Commission Description of Business: CBIZ, Inc. is a diversified services company which, acting through its subsidiaries, has been providing professional business services since 1996, primarily to small and medium-sized businesses, as well as individuals, governmental entities, and not-for-profit enterprises throughout the United States and parts of Canada. CBIZ, Inc. manages and reports its operations along three practice groups: Financial Services, Benefits and Insurance Services and National Practices. A further description of products and services offered by each of the practice groups is provided in Note 11, Segment Disclosures, to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we completed the acquisitions of Erickson, Brown & Kloster, LLC ("EBK") and ComputData, Inc. ("CompuData") in our Financial Services practice group for a total aggregated purchase price of $37.3 million, including $13.5 million recorded as contingent consideration. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded $4.6 million in total revenue from those acquisitions. Neither acquisition is considered material, individually or in the aggregate. Basis of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations of CBIZ, Inc. and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries (“CBIZ”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect the operations or accounts of variable interest entities as the impact is not material to the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of CBIZ. Unaudited Interim Financial Statements: The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, the information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of CBIZ management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year ending December 31, 2024. Use of Estimates: The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Changes in circumstances could cause actual results to differ materially from these estimates. Changes in Accounting Policies: We have consistently applied the accounting policies for the periods presented as described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

New Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Pronouncements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]
New Accounting Pronouncements	NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTSThe FASB ASC is the sole source of authoritative GAAP other than the SEC issued rules and regulations that apply only to SEC registrants. The FASB issues an ASU to communicate changes to the FASB ASC. We assess and review the impact of all issued ASUs. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we have implemented all new ASUs that are in effect and that may impact our consolidated financial statements.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts Receivable, Net	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts Receivable, Net	ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts, reflects the net realizable value of receivables and approximates fair value. Unbilled revenue is recorded at estimated net realizable value. Assessing the collectability of the receivables (billed and unbilled) requires management judgment based on a combination of factors, including but not limited to, an evaluation of our historical incurred loss experience, credit-worthiness of our clients, age of the trade receivable balance, current economic conditions that may affect a client’s ability to pay, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Receivables are charged-off against the allowance when the balance is deemed uncollectible. Accounts receivable, net, at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was as follows (in thousands): March 31, December 31, Trade accounts receivable $ 333,935 $ 309,640 Unbilled revenue, at net realizable value 198,144 96,110 Total accounts receivable 532,079 405,750 Allowance for doubtful accounts (27,972) (25,598) Accounts receivable, net $ 504,107 $ 380,152 Changes to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and twelve months ended December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands): March 31, December 31, Balance at beginning of period $ (25,598) $ (20,801) Provision (5,126) (13,681) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 2,752 8,884 Allowance for doubtful accounts $ (27,972) $ (25,598)

Debt and Financing Arrangements

Debt and Financing Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt and Financing Arrangements	DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS 2022 Credit Facility - Our primary financing arrangement is the 2022 credit facility. The 2022 credit facility has a borrowing capacity of $600 million and provides us with the capital necessary to meet our working capital needs as well as the flexibility to continue with our strategic initiatives, including business acquisitions and share repurchases. The 2022 credit facility matures on May 4, 2027. The balance outstanding under the 2022 credit facility was $437.8 million and $312.4 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The effective interest rates under the 2022 credit facility, including the impact of interest rate swaps associated with the 2022 credit facility, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows: Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Weighted average rates 5.23% 4.54% Range of effective rates 1.93% - 6.83% 1.93% - 8.00% We had approximately $147.9 million of available funds under the 2022 credit facility at March 31, 2024, net of outstanding letters of credit of $3.2 million. Available funds under the 2022 credit facility are based on a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization as defined in the 2022 credit facility, and are reduced by letters of credit, other indebtedness and outstanding borrowings under the 2022 credit facility. Under the 2022 credit facility, loans are charged an interest rate consisting of a base rate or term SOFR rate plus an applicable margin, letters of credit are charged based on the same applicable margin, and a commitment fee is charged on the unused portion of the 2022 credit facility. The 2022 credit facility contains certain restrictive covenants customary for facilities of this type, including restrictions on indebtedness, liens or other encumbrances, making certain payments, investments, or to sell or otherwise dispose of a substantial portion of assets, or to merge or consolidate with an unaffiliated entity. The 2022 credit facility also limits our ability to make dividend payments. Historically, we have not paid cash dividends on our common stock. Our Board of Directors has discretion over the payment and level of dividends on common stock, subject to the limitations of the 2022 credit facility and applicable law. The 2022 credit facility contains a provision that, in the event of a defined change in control, the 2022 credit facility may be terminated. In addition, the 2022 credit facility contains financial covenants that require us to meet certain requirements with respect to (i) a total leverage ratio and (ii) minimum interest coverage ratio which may limit our ability to borrow up to the total commitment amount. As of March 31, 2024, we are in compliance with all covenants. Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for further discussion on the 2022 credit facility. Other Line of Credit - We have an unsecured $20.0 million line of credit by and among CBIZ Benefits and Insurance, Inc. and Huntington National Bank. We utilize this line to support our short-term funding requirements of payroll client fund obligations due to the investment of client funds, rather than liquidating client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. The line of credit, which was renewed on August 3, 2023 and will terminate on August 1, 2024, did not have a balance outstanding at March 31, 2024. Interest Expense - Interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing costs, commitment fees, line of credit fees, and other applicable bank charges, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Credit facilities $ 4,511 $ 3,640 Other — 1 Total $ 4,511 $ 3,641

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Letters of Credit and Guarantees - We provide letters of credit to landlords (lessors) of our leased premises in lieu of cash security deposits, which totaled $3.2 million and $3.5 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In addition, we provide license bonds to various state agencies to meet certain licensing requirements. The amount of license bonds outstanding was $2.3 million and $2.3 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Legal Proceedings - On December 19, 2016, CBIZ Operations, Inc. ("CBIZ Operations") was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed by Zotec Partners, LLC (“Zotec”) in the Marion County Indiana Superior Court. After various amendments, the lawsuit asserted claims under Indiana law for securities, statutory and common law fraud or deception, unjust enrichment, breach of contract, and vicarious liability against CBIZ Operations and a former employee of CBIZ MMP in connection with the sale of the CBIZ MMP medical billing practice to Zotec. The plaintiff claimed that CBIZ Operations had a duty to disclose the fact, unknown to employees of CBIZ Operations at the time of the transaction, that the former employee had a financial arrangement with a Zotec vendor at the time CBIZ Operations sold CBIZ MMP to Zotec. The plaintiff sought damages of up to $177.0 million out of the $200.0 million transaction price. Trial was held in October 2021. The jury found in favor of CBIZ on all fraud, contract and other claims before it. On November 14, 2022, the trial court ruled in favor of CBIZ and against Zotec’s claim for statutory securities fraud. The court also ruled in favor of CBIZ on its counterclaim for indemnification under contract. The trial court conducted a hearing on December 12, 2023, to consider evidence regarding the amount of damages owed by Zotec to CBIZ on the counterclaim. On March 12, 2024, the court awarded CBIZ $3.1 million on its counterclaim. On April 10, 2024, Zotec filed a notice of appeal. On November 10, 2023, CBIZ was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts by an individual claiming to be an employee of a CBIZ client whose personally identifiable information (“PII”) was compromised and stolen during a cyberattack CBIZ experienced on or about May 31, 2023. As a result of this incident, hackers were able to access and download certain files from CBIZ’s MOVEit Transfer server. The lawsuit alleges that CBIZ and Progress Software Corporation, the owner of MOVEit Transfer, failed to adequately secure and safeguard the individual’s, and similarly situated employees of CBIZ’s clients, PII from unauthorized access. The lawsuit seeks various remedies, including actual, compensatory, and punitive damages, along with injunctive relief, costs, and attorneys’ fees. On December 8, 2023, CBIZ was named as a defendant in a second putative class action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts by an individual making similar claims and seeking similar remedies as in the first lawsuit regarding the cyberattack CBIZ experienced on or about May 31, 2023. Both cases were transferred into a multidistrict litigation, styled as In Re: MOVEit Customer Data Security Breach Litigation, pending in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts (the “MDL”). To date, the MDL has over 180 cases against over 100 different defendants, all with claims arising out of the cyberbreach by hackers of Progress Software Corporation’s MOVEit Transfer software. The cases in the MDL, including the cases against CBIZ, are in their earliest stages, with a stay in place until the MDL Court issues a scheduling order. Due to the early stage of litigation, the Company is not able to determine or predict the ultimate outcome of these lawsuits nor reasonably provide an estimate or range of the possible outcome or losses, if any. In addition to the items disclosed above, the Company is, from time to time, subject to claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business. We cannot predict the outcome of all such matters or estimate the possible loss, if any. Although the proceedings are subject to uncertainties in the litigation process and the ultimate disposition of these proceedings is not presently determinable, we intend to vigorously defend these matters. Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for further discussion on the Company's commitments and contingencies.

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]
Financial Instruments	FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Available-For-Sale Debt Securities - In connection with certain services provided by our payroll operations, we collect funds from our clients’ accounts in advance of paying client obligations. These funds held for clients are segregated and invested in accordance with our investment policy, which requires all investments carry an investment grade rating at the time of initial investment. These investments, primarily consisting of corporate and municipal bonds, are classified as available-for-sale and are included in the “Funds held for clients” line item on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The par value of these investments totaled $39.0 million and $40.0 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and these investments have maturity or callable dates ranging from April 2024 through January 2026. At March 31, 2024, unrealized losses on the securities were not material and have not been recognized as a credit loss because the bonds are investment grade quality and management is not required or does not intend to sell prior to an expected recovery in value. The bond issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments. The following table summarizes activities related to these investments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Fair value at beginning of period $ 39,459 $ 43,485 Purchases 4,440 14,122 Redemptions — (3,310) Maturities (5,450) (15,155) Change in bond premium (16) (1,099) Fair market value adjustment 76 1,416 Fair value at end of period $ 38,509 $ 39,459 In addition to the available-for-sale debt securities discussed above, we also held other depository assets in the amount of $2.1 million and $1.0 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Those depository assets are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Interest Rate Swaps - We utilize interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk exposure associated with our floating-rate debt under the 2022 credit facility, or the forecasted acquisition of such liability. We do not purchase or hold any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for further discussion on our interest rate swaps. The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate swaps and their classification in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands): March 31, 2024 Notional Fixed Rate Expiration Fair Balance Sheet Location Interest rate swap $ 50,000 0.834 % 4/14/2025 $ 2,089 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 30,000 1.186 % 12/14/2026 $ 2,357 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 20,000 2.450 % 8/14/2027 $ 1,051 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 3.669 % 4/14/2028 $ 322 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 4.488 % 10/14/2028 $ (538) Other non-current liability December 31, 2023 Notional Fixed Rate Expiration Fair Balance Sheet Location Interest rate swap $ 50,000 0.834 % 4/14/2025 $ 2,282 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 30,000 1.186 % 12/14/2026 $ 2,125 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 20,000 2.450 % 8/14/2027 $ 784 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 3.669 % 4/14/2028 $ (129) Other non-current liability Interest rate swap $ 25,000 4.488 % 10/14/2028 $ (1,063) Other non-current liability Refer to Note 7, Fair Value Measurements, for additional disclosures regarding fair value measurements. The following table summarizes the effects of the interest rate swaps on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Gain (Loss) Recognized Gain Reclassified Three Months Ended Three Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 Interest rate swaps $ 1,854 $ (715) $ 1,191 $ 897

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS The following table summarizes our assets and (liabilities) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis subsequent to initial recognition and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by us to determine such fair value (in thousands): Level March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Deferred compensation plan assets 1 $ 157,709 $ 143,499 Available-for-sale debt securities 1 38,509 39,459 Other depository assets 1 2,064 1,031 Deferred compensation plan liabilities 1 (157,709) (143,499) Interest rate swaps 2 5,281 3,999 Bank debt 2 (436,344) (310,826) Contingent purchase price liabilities 3 (94,186) (114,946) During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers between the valuation hierarchy Levels 1, 2 and 3. The following table summarizes the change in Level 3 fair values of our contingent purchase price liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (pre-tax basis, in thousands): 2024 2023 Beginning balance – December 31 $ (114,946) $ (132,010) Additions from business acquisitions (13,522) (24,840) Settlement of contingent purchase price liabilities 34,716 31,724 Change in fair value of contingencies 70 (10) Change in net present value of contingencies (504) (620) Ending balance – March 31 $ (94,186) $ (125,756) The following table summarizes the changes in contingent purchase price consideration for previous acquisitions and contingent payments made for previous business acquisitions in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Net expense $ 434 $ 630 Cash settlement paid $ 30,957 $ 28,434 Shares issued (number) 60 70

Other Comprehensive Income

Other Comprehensive Income	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Other Comprehensive Income	OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME The following table is a summary of other comprehensive income and discloses the tax impact of each component of other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes (1) $ 56 $ 179 Net unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, net of taxes (2) 960 (1,388) Foreign currency translation 2 (4) Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ 1,018 $ (1,213) (1) Net of income tax expense of $21 and $71 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (2)

Employee Stock Plans

Employee Stock Plans	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Employee Stock Plans	EMPLOYEE STOCK PLANS On May 10, 2023, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2019 Stock Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The amendment added 1.5 million shares to the total number of shares that may be issued under the 2019 Plan. All other respects of the 2019 Plan remain unchanged. The 2019 Plan, which expires in 2029, permits the grant of various forms of stock-based awards. A maximum of 4.6 million stock options, restricted stock or other stock-based compensation awards may be granted. The terms and vesting schedules for the stock-based awards vary by type and date of grant. Shares subject to award under the 2019 Plan may be either authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or treasury shares. Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for further discussion on the 2019 Plan. Compensation expense for stock-based awards recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Stock options $ — $ 768 Restricted stock units and awards 1,351 1,259 Performance share units 1,287 1,804 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 2,638 $ 3,831 Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units and Awards – The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following table presents our restricted stock units and awards activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands, except per share data): Restricted Stock Units and Awards Number of Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (1) Outstanding at beginning of year 223 $ 41.19 Granted 76 $ 65.53 Exercised or released (102) $ 36.50 Expired or canceled (3) $ 38.52 Outstanding at March 31, 2024 194 $ 53.14 Exercisable at March 31, 2024 (1) Represents weighted average market value of the shares; awards are granted at no cost to the recipients. Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) – PSUs are earned based on our financial performance over a contractual term of three years and the associated expense is recognized over that period based on the fair value of the award. A three-year cliff vesting schedule of the PSUs is dependent upon the Company’s performance relative to pre-established goals based on an earnings per share target (weighted 70%) and total growth in revenue (weighted 30%). The fair value of PSUs is calculated using the market value of a share of our common stock on the date of grant. For performance achieved above specified levels, the recipient may earn additional shares of stock, not to exceed 200% of the number of PSUs initially granted. The following table presents our PSUs activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands, except per share data): Performance Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Unit (1) Outstanding at beginning of year 464 $ 33.84 Granted 70 $ 66.07 Vested (273) $ 27.51 Canceled (7) $ 39.09 Outstanding at March 31, 2024 254 $ 49.42 (1) Represents weighted average market value of the performance share units; PSUs are granted at no cost to the recipients.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	EARNINGS PER SHARE The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Numerator: Net Income $ 76,884 $ 73,160 Denominator: Basic Weighted average common shares outstanding 50,045 50,367 Diluted Stock options (1) 74 271 Restricted stock units and awards (1) 99 122 Contingent shares (2) 3 2 Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (3) 50,221 50,762 Basic earnings per share $ 1.54 $ 1.45 Diluted earnings per share $ 1.53 $ 1.44 (1) A total of 40 thousand and 80 thousand shares of stock-based awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. (2) Contingent shares represent additional shares to be issued for purchase price earned by former owners of businesses acquired by us once future considerations have been met. (3) The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share did not include 254 thousand and 326 thousand PSUs for both the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The performance conditions associated with these PSUs were not met and consequently none of these PSUs were considered as issuable for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Segment Disclosures

Segment Disclosures	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Disclosures	SEGMENT DISCLOSURES Our business units have been aggregated into three practice groups: Financial Services, Benefits and Insurance Services and National Practices. The business units have been aggregated based on the following factors: similarity of the products and services provided to clients; similarity of the regulatory environment in which they operate; and similarity of economic conditions affecting long-term performance. The business units are managed along these segment lines. A general description of services provided by each practice group is provided in the table below. Financial Services Benefits and Insurance Services National Practices Accounting and Tax Employee Benefits Consulting Information Technology Managed Networking and Hardware Services Financial Advisory Payroll / Human Capital Management Healthcare Consulting Valuation Property and Casualty Insurance Risk and Advisory Services Retirement and Investment Services Government Healthcare Consulting Corporate and Other - Included in Corporate and Other are operating expenses that are not directly allocated to the individual business units. These expenses primarily consist of certain health care costs, gains or losses attributable to assets held in our non-qualified deferred compensation plan, stock-based compensation, consolidation and integration charges, certain professional fees, certain advertising costs and other various expenses. Accounting policies of the practice groups are the same as those described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Upon consolidation, intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated, thus inter-segment revenue is not included in the measure of profit or loss for the practice groups. Performance of the practice groups is evaluated on income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) excluding those costs listed above, which are reported in the “Corporate and Other”. Segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is presented below. We do not manage our assets on a segment basis, therefore segment assets are not presented below. The following table disaggregates our revenue by source (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Financial Benefits and National Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 372,630 — — $ 372,630 Core benefits and insurance services — 105,205 — 105,205 Non-core benefits and insurance services — 3,203 — 3,203 Managed networking, hardware services — — 10,188 10,188 National practices consulting — — 3,071 3,071 Total revenue $ 372,630 $ 108,408 $ 13,259 $ 494,297 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Financial Benefits and National Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 343,086 — — $ 343,086 Core benefits and insurance services — 96,617 — 96,617 Non-core benefits and insurance services — 3,437 — 3,437 Managed networking, hardware services — — 8,954 8,954 National practices consulting — — 2,512 2,512 Total revenue $ 343,086 $ 100,054 $ 11,466 $ 454,606 Segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Financial Benefits National Corporate Total Revenue $ 372,630 $ 108,408 $ 13,259 $ — $ 494,297 Operating expenses 265,561 83,637 11,933 15,354 376,485 Gross margin 107,069 24,771 1,326 (15,354) 117,812 Corporate general and administrative expenses — — — 18,711 18,711 Operating income (loss) 107,069 24,771 1,326 (34,065) 99,101 Other income (expense): Interest expense — — — (4,511) (4,511) Other income, net 86 44 — 9,294 9,424 Total other income, net 86 44 — 4,783 4,913 Income before income tax expense $ 107,155 $ 24,815 $ 1,326 $ (29,282) $ 104,014 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Financial Benefits National Corporate Total Revenue $ 343,086 $ 100,054 $ 11,466 $ — $ 454,606 Operating expenses 244,443 76,923 10,583 9,062 341,011 Gross margin 98,643 23,131 883 (9,062) 113,595 Corporate general and administrative expenses — — — 15,598 15,598 Operating income (loss) 98,643 23,131 883 (24,660) 97,997 Other income (expense): Interest expense — (1) — (3,640) (3,641) Gain on sale of operations, net 99 — — — 99 Other income, net 255 177 — 4,680 5,112 Total other income, net 354 176 — 1,040 1,570 Income (loss) before income tax expense $ 98,997 $ 23,307 $ 883 $ (23,620) $ 99,567

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	SUBSEQUENT EVENTS [If Needed]

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 76,884	$ 73,160

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business: CBIZ, Inc. is a diversified services company which, acting through its subsidiaries, has been providing professional business services since 1996, primarily to small and medium-sized businesses, as well as individuals, governmental entities, and not-for-profit enterprises throughout the United States and parts of Canada. CBIZ, Inc. manages and reports its operations along three practice groups: Financial Services, Benefits and Insurance Services and National Practices. A further description of products and services offered by each of the practice groups is provided in Note 11, Segment Disclosures, to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we completed the acquisitions of Erickson, Brown & Kloster, LLC ("EBK") and ComputData, Inc. ("CompuData") in our Financial Services practice group for a total aggregated purchase price of $37.3 million, including $13.5 million recorded as contingent consideration. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded $4.6 million in total revenue from those acquisitions. Neither acquisition is considered material, individually or in the aggregate.
Basis of Consolidation	Basis of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations of CBIZ, Inc. and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries (“CBIZ”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect the operations or accounts of variable interest entities as the impact is not material to the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of CBIZ.
Unaudited Interim Financial Statements	Unaudited Interim Financial Statements: The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, the information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of CBIZ management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year ending December 31, 2024.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates: The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Changes in circumstances could cause actual results to differ materially from these estimates.
Changes in Accounting Policies	Changes in Accounting Policies: We have consistently applied the accounting policies for the periods presented as described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
New Accounting Pronouncements	NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTSThe FASB ASC is the sole source of authoritative GAAP other than the SEC issued rules and regulations that apply only to SEC registrants. The FASB issues an ASU to communicate changes to the FASB ASC. We assess and review the impact of all issued ASUs. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we have implemented all new ASUs that are in effect and that may impact our consolidated financial statements.

Accounts Receivable, Net (Table

Accounts Receivable, Net (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net	Accounts receivable, net, at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was as follows (in thousands): March 31, December 31, Trade accounts receivable $ 333,935 $ 309,640 Unbilled revenue, at net realizable value 198,144 96,110 Total accounts receivable 532,079 405,750 Allowance for doubtful accounts (27,972) (25,598) Accounts receivable, net $ 504,107 $ 380,152
Schedule of Changes to the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts on Accounts Receivable	Changes to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and twelve months ended December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands): March 31, December 31, Balance at beginning of period $ (25,598) $ (20,801) Provision (5,126) (13,681) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 2,752 8,884 Allowance for doubtful accounts $ (27,972) $ (25,598)

Debt and Financing Arrangemen_2

Debt and Financing Arrangements (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Unsecured Credit Facility	The effective interest rates under the 2022 credit facility, including the impact of interest rate swaps associated with the 2022 credit facility, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows: Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Weighted average rates 5.23% 4.54% Range of effective rates 1.93% - 6.83% 1.93% - 8.00%
Schedule of Recognized Interest Expense	Interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing costs, commitment fees, line of credit fees, and other applicable bank charges, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Credit facilities $ 4,511 $ 3,640 Other — 1 Total $ 4,511 $ 3,641

Financial Instruments (Tables)

Financial Instruments (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]
Schedule of Investments	The following table summarizes activities related to these investments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Fair value at beginning of period $ 39,459 $ 43,485 Purchases 4,440 14,122 Redemptions — (3,310) Maturities (5,450) (15,155) Change in bond premium (16) (1,099) Fair market value adjustment 76 1,416 Fair value at end of period $ 38,509 $ 39,459
Schedule of Outstanding Interest Rate Swaps	The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate swaps and their classification in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands): March 31, 2024 Notional Fixed Rate Expiration Fair Balance Sheet Location Interest rate swap $ 50,000 0.834 % 4/14/2025 $ 2,089 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 30,000 1.186 % 12/14/2026 $ 2,357 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 20,000 2.450 % 8/14/2027 $ 1,051 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 3.669 % 4/14/2028 $ 322 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 4.488 % 10/14/2028 $ (538) Other non-current liability December 31, 2023 Notional Fixed Rate Expiration Fair Balance Sheet Location Interest rate swap $ 50,000 0.834 % 4/14/2025 $ 2,282 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 30,000 1.186 % 12/14/2026 $ 2,125 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 20,000 2.450 % 8/14/2027 $ 784 Other non-current asset Interest rate swap $ 25,000 3.669 % 4/14/2028 $ (129) Other non-current liability Interest rate swap $ 25,000 4.488 % 10/14/2028 $ (1,063) Other non-current liability
Schedule of Effects of Interest Rate Swap	The following table summarizes the effects of the interest rate swaps on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Gain (Loss) Recognized Gain Reclassified Three Months Ended Three Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 Interest rate swaps $ 1,854 $ (715) $ 1,191 $ 897

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis	The following table summarizes our assets and (liabilities) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis subsequent to initial recognition and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by us to determine such fair value (in thousands): Level March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Deferred compensation plan assets 1 $ 157,709 $ 143,499 Available-for-sale debt securities 1 38,509 39,459 Other depository assets 1 2,064 1,031 Deferred compensation plan liabilities 1 (157,709) (143,499) Interest rate swaps 2 5,281 3,999 Bank debt 2 (436,344) (310,826) Contingent purchase price liabilities 3 (94,186) (114,946)
Schedule of Change in Level 3 Fair Values of Contingent Purchase Price Liabilities	The following table summarizes the change in Level 3 fair values of our contingent purchase price liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (pre-tax basis, in thousands): 2024 2023 Beginning balance – December 31 $ (114,946) $ (132,010) Additions from business acquisitions (13,522) (24,840) Settlement of contingent purchase price liabilities 34,716 31,724 Change in fair value of contingencies 70 (10) Change in net present value of contingencies (504) (620) Ending balance – March 31 $ (94,186) $ (125,756)
Summary of Contingent Consideration	The following table summarizes the changes in contingent purchase price consideration for previous acquisitions and contingent payments made for previous business acquisitions in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Net expense $ 434 $ 630 Cash settlement paid $ 30,957 $ 28,434 Shares issued (number) 60 70

Other Comprehensive Income (Tab

Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income and Tax Impact	The following table is a summary of other comprehensive income and discloses the tax impact of each component of other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes (1) $ 56 $ 179 Net unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, net of taxes (2) 960 (1,388) Foreign currency translation 2 (4) Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ 1,018 $ (1,213) (1) Net of income tax expense of $21 and $71 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (2)

Employee Stock Plans (Tables)

Employee Stock Plans (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Awards	Compensation expense for stock-based awards recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Stock options $ — $ 768 Restricted stock units and awards 1,351 1,259 Performance share units 1,287 1,804 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 2,638 $ 3,831
Schedule of Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units and Awards, and Performance Share Units Activity	The following table presents our restricted stock units and awards activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands, except per share data): Restricted Stock Units and Awards Number of Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (1) Outstanding at beginning of year 223 $ 41.19 Granted 76 $ 65.53 Exercised or released (102) $ 36.50 Expired or canceled (3) $ 38.52 Outstanding at March 31, 2024 194 $ 53.14 Exercisable at March 31, 2024 (1) The following table presents our PSUs activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands, except per share data): Performance Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Unit (1) Outstanding at beginning of year 464 $ 33.84 Granted 70 $ 66.07 Vested (273) $ 27.51 Canceled (7) $ 39.09 Outstanding at March 31, 2024 254 $ 49.42 (1) Represents weighted average market value of the performance share units; PSUs are granted at no cost to the recipients.

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended 2024 2023 Numerator: Net Income $ 76,884 $ 73,160 Denominator: Basic Weighted average common shares outstanding 50,045 50,367 Diluted Stock options (1) 74 271 Restricted stock units and awards (1) 99 122 Contingent shares (2) 3 2 Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (3) 50,221 50,762 Basic earnings per share $ 1.54 $ 1.45 Diluted earnings per share $ 1.53 $ 1.44 (1) A total of 40 thousand and 80 thousand shares of stock-based awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. (2) Contingent shares represent additional shares to be issued for purchase price earned by former owners of businesses acquired by us once future considerations have been met. (3) The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share did not include 254 thousand and 326 thousand PSUs for both the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The performance conditions associated with these PSUs were not met and consequently none of these PSUs were considered as issuable for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Segment Disclosures (Tables)

Segment Disclosures (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue by Source	The following table disaggregates our revenue by source (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Financial Benefits and National Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 372,630 — — $ 372,630 Core benefits and insurance services — 105,205 — 105,205 Non-core benefits and insurance services — 3,203 — 3,203 Managed networking, hardware services — — 10,188 10,188 National practices consulting — — 3,071 3,071 Total revenue $ 372,630 $ 108,408 $ 13,259 $ 494,297 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Financial Benefits and National Consolidated Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting $ 343,086 — — $ 343,086 Core benefits and insurance services — 96,617 — 96,617 Non-core benefits and insurance services — 3,437 — 3,437 Managed networking, hardware services — — 8,954 8,954 National practices consulting — — 2,512 2,512 Total revenue $ 343,086 $ 100,054 $ 11,466 $ 454,606
Schedule of Segment Information	Segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Financial Benefits National Corporate Total Revenue $ 372,630 $ 108,408 $ 13,259 $ — $ 494,297 Operating expenses 265,561 83,637 11,933 15,354 376,485 Gross margin 107,069 24,771 1,326 (15,354) 117,812 Corporate general and administrative expenses — — — 18,711 18,711 Operating income (loss) 107,069 24,771 1,326 (34,065) 99,101 Other income (expense): Interest expense — — — (4,511) (4,511) Other income, net 86 44 — 9,294 9,424 Total other income, net 86 44 — 4,783 4,913 Income before income tax expense $ 107,155 $ 24,815 $ 1,326 $ (29,282) $ 104,014 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Financial Benefits National Corporate Total Revenue $ 343,086 $ 100,054 $ 11,466 $ — $ 454,606 Operating expenses 244,443 76,923 10,583 9,062 341,011 Gross margin 98,643 23,131 883 (9,062) 113,595 Corporate general and administrative expenses — — — 15,598 15,598 Operating income (loss) 98,643 23,131 883 (24,660) 97,997 Other income (expense): Interest expense — (1) — (3,640) (3,641) Gain on sale of operations, net 99 — — — 99 Other income, net 255 177 — 4,680 5,112 Total other income, net 354 176 — 1,040 1,570 Income (loss) before income tax expense $ 98,997 $ 23,307 $ 883 $ (23,620) $ 99,567

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) practice_group
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of practice groups | practice_group	3
EBK and ComputData
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total recorded purchase price	$ 37.3
Recorded contingent consideration	13.5
Annualized revenue	$ 4.6

Accounts Receivable, Net - Sche

Accounts Receivable, Net - Schedule of Accounts Receivables Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Trade accounts receivable	$ 333,935	$ 309,640
Unbilled revenue, at net realizable value	198,144	96,110
Total accounts receivable	532,079	405,750
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(27,972)	(25,598)	$ (20,801)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 504,107	$ 380,152

Accounts Receivable, Net - Sc_2

Accounts Receivable, Net - Schedule of Changes to the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts on Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ (25,598)	$ (20,801)
Provision	(5,126)	(13,681)
Charge-offs, net of recoveries	2,752	$ 8,884
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ (27,972)

Debt and Financing Arrangemen_3

Debt and Financing Arrangements - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding balance under applicable credit facility	$ 437,800,000	$ 312,400,000
Outstanding letters of credit	3,200,000	3,500,000
Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving loan commitment	20,000,000
Outstanding line of credit	0
2022 Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving loan commitment	600,000,000
Outstanding balance under applicable credit facility	437,800,000	$ 312,400,000
Available funds under credit facility	147,900,000
Outstanding letters of credit	$ 3,200,000

Debt and Financing Arrangemen_4

Debt and Financing Arrangements - Summary of Unsecured Credit Facility (Details) - 2022 Credit Facility	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average rates	5.23%	4.54%
Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Range of effective rates	1.93%	1.93%
Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Range of effective rates	6.83%	8%

Debt and Financing Arrangemen_5

Debt and Financing Arrangements - Summary of Recognized Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total	$ 4,511	$ 3,641
Credit facilities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total	4,511	3,640
Other
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total	$ 0	$ 1

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Letters of Credit and Guarantees (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 3.2	$ 3.5
License bonds outstanding amount	$ 2.3	$ 2.3

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Proceedings (Details) $ in Millions			3 Months Ended
	Mar. 12, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 19, 2016 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 claim defendant
CBIZ Operations and a former employee of CBIZ MMP
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Total transaction price		$ 200
Litigation settlement, amount awarded	$ 3.1
CBIZ Operations and a former employee of CBIZ MMP | Maximum
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount of damages sought (up to)		$ 177
MOVEit Customer Data Security Breach Litigation
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Number of claims filed | claim			180
Number of defendants | defendant			100

Financial Instruments - Additio

Financial Instruments - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Par value of available-for-sale debt securities	$ 39,000	$ 40,000
Funds held for clients	147,345	159,186
Certified Deposits and Other Depository Assets
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Funds held for clients	$ 2,100	$ 1,000

Financial Instruments - Summary

Financial Instruments - Summary of Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available for Sale [Roll Forward]
Fair value at beginning of period	$ 39,459	$ 43,485
Purchases	4,440	14,122
Redemptions	0	(3,310)
Maturities	(5,450)	(15,155)
Change in bond premium	(16)	(1,099)
Fair market value adjustment	76	1,416
Fair value at end of period	$ 38,509	$ 39,459

Financial Instruments - Summa_2

Financial Instruments - Summary of Outstanding Interest Rate Swaps (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Interest rate swap, April 2025 expiration | Other non-current asset
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, asset	$ 50,000	$ 50,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate	0.834%	0.834%
Fair value, asset	$ 2,089	$ 2,282
Interest rate swap, December 2026 expiration | Other non-current asset
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, asset	$ 30,000	$ 30,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate	1.186%	1.186%
Fair value, asset	$ 2,357	$ 2,125
Interest rate swap, August 2027 expiration | Other non-current asset
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, asset	$ 20,000	$ 20,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate	2.45%	2.45%
Fair value, asset	$ 1,051	$ 784
Interest rate swap, April 2028 expiration | Other non-current asset
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, asset	$ 25,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate	3.669%
Fair value, asset	$ 322
Interest rate swap, April 2028 expiration | Other non-current liability
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, liability		$ 25,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate		3.669%
Fair value, liability		$ (129)
Interest Rate Swap, October 2028 Expiration | Other non-current liability
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount, liability	$ 25,000	$ 25,000
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate	4.488%	4.488%
Fair value, liability	$ (538)	$ (1,063)

Financial Instruments - Summa_3

Financial Instruments - Summary of Effects of Interest Rate Swaps (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI, net of tax	$ 960	$ (1,388)
Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI, net of tax	1,854	(715)
Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Expense	$ 1,191	$ 897

Fair Value Measurements - Summa

Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan assets	$ 157,709	$ 143,499
Available-for-sale debt securities	38,509	39,459	$ 43,485
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	(157,709)	(143,499)
Bank debt	(437,800)	(312,400)
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan assets	157,709	143,499
Available-for-sale debt securities	38,509	39,459
Other depository assets	2,064	1,031
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	(157,709)	(143,499)
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Interest rate swaps	5,281	3,999
Bank debt	(436,344)	(310,826)
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent purchase price liabilities	$ (94,186)	$ (114,946)

Fair Value Measurements - Chang

Fair Value Measurements - Change in Level 3 Fair Values of Contingent Purchase Price Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Net expense	$ 434	$ 630
Cash settlement paid	$ 30,957	$ 28,434
Shares issued (number)	60	70
Contingent Purchase Price Liabilities | Level 3
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ (114,946)	$ (132,010)
Additions from business acquisitions	(13,522)	(24,840)
Settlement of contingent purchase price liabilities	34,716	31,724
Change in fair value of contingencies	70	(10)
Change in net present value of contingencies	(504)	(620)
Ending balance	$ (94,186)	$ (125,756)

Fair Value Measurements - Sum_2

Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Contingent Consideration (Details) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Net expense	$ 434	$ 630
Cash settlement paid	$ 30,957	$ 28,434
Shares issued (number)	60	70

Other Comprehensive Income (Det

Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes	$ 56	$ 179
Net unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, net of taxes	960	(1,388)
Foreign currency translation	2	(4)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	1,018	(1,213)
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, income tax expense (benefit)	21	71
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, income tax expense (benefit)	$ 322	$ (463)

Employee Stock Plans - Addition

Employee Stock Plans - Additional Information (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	May 10, 2023
Performance Share Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, remaining contractual term	3 years
Performance share units, vesting period	3 years
Achievement of an earnings per share target	70%
Achievement of total growth in revenue	30%
Performance Share Units | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percentage of initial grant	200%
2019 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional shares authorized for issuance (in shares)		1.5
Maximum stock based compensation awards granted under the plan (in shares)		4.6

Employee Stock Plans - Schedule

Employee Stock Plans - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Awards (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock options	$ 0	$ 768
Restricted stock units and awards	1,351	1,259
Performance share units	1,287	1,804
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 2,638	$ 3,831

Employee Stock Plans - Schedu_2

Employee Stock Plans - Schedule of Restricted Stock Units and Awards Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units and Awards shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Restricted Stock Units and Awards, Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	223
Granted (in shares) | shares	76
Exercised or released (in shares) | shares	(102)
Expired or canceled (in shares) | shares	(3)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) | shares	194
Restricted Stock Units and Awards, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 41.19
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	65.53
Exercised or released (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	36.50
Expired or canceled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	38.52
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 53.14

Employee Stock Plans - Schedu_3

Employee Stock Plans - Schedule of Performance Share Units Activity (Details) - Performance Share Units shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Performance Share Units
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	464
Granted (in shares) | shares	70
Vested (in shares) | shares	(273)
Canceled (in shares) | shares	(7)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) | shares	254
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Unit
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 33.84
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	66.07
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	27.51
Canceled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	39.09
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 49.42

Earnings Per Share (Details)

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net Income	$ 76,884	$ 73,160
Basic
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares)	50,045	50,367
Diluted
Stock options (in shares)	74	271
Restricted stock units and awards (in shares)	99	122
Contingent shares (in shares)	3	2
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares)	50,221	50,762
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.54	$ 1.45
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.53	$ 1.44
Share-based Payment Arrangement
Dilutive Securities Included And Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Share based awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	40	80
PSU
Dilutive Securities Included And Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Share based awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	254	326

Segment Disclosures - Additiona

Segment Disclosures - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of business units of the company	3

Segment Disclosures - Summary o

Segment Disclosures - Summary of Disaggregation of Revenue by Source (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 494,297	$ 454,606
Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	372,630	343,086
Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	108,408	100,054
National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	13,259	11,466
Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	372,630	343,086
Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting | Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	372,630	343,086
Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting | Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Accounting, tax, advisory and consulting | National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Core benefits and insurance services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	105,205	96,617
Core benefits and insurance services | Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Core benefits and insurance services | Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	105,205	96,617
Core benefits and insurance services | National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Non-core benefits and insurance services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	3,203	3,437
Non-core benefits and insurance services | Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Non-core benefits and insurance services | Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	3,203	3,437
Non-core benefits and insurance services | National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Managed networking, hardware services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	10,188	8,954
Managed networking, hardware services | Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Managed networking, hardware services | Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Managed networking, hardware services | National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	10,188	8,954
National practices consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	3,071	2,512
National practices consulting | Financial Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
National practices consulting | Benefits and Insurance Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
National practices consulting | National Practices
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 3,071	$ 2,512

Segment Disclosures - Summary_2

Segment Disclosures - Summary of Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 494,297	$ 454,606
Operating expenses (income)	376,485	341,011
Gross margin	117,812	113,595
Corporate general and administrative expenses	18,711	15,598
Operating income	99,101	97,997
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(4,511)	(3,641)
Gain on sale of operations, net	0	99
Other income (expense), net	9,424	5,112
Total other income, net	4,913	1,570
Income before income tax expense	104,014	99,567
Financial Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	372,630	343,086
Benefits and Insurance Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	108,408	100,054
National Practices
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	13,259	11,466
Operating Segments | Financial Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	372,630	343,086
Operating expenses (income)	265,561	244,443
Gross margin	107,069	98,643
Corporate general and administrative expenses	0	0
Operating income	107,069	98,643
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	0	0
Gain on sale of operations, net		99
Other income (expense), net	86	255
Total other income, net	86	354
Income before income tax expense	107,155	98,997
Operating Segments | Benefits and Insurance Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	108,408	100,054
Operating expenses (income)	83,637	76,923
Gross margin	24,771	23,131
Corporate general and administrative expenses	0	0
Operating income	24,771	23,131
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	0	(1)
Gain on sale of operations, net		0
Other income (expense), net	44	177
Total other income, net	44	176
Income before income tax expense	24,815	23,307
Operating Segments | National Practices
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	13,259	11,466
Operating expenses (income)	11,933	10,583
Gross margin	1,326	883
Corporate general and administrative expenses	0	0
Operating income	1,326	883
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	0	0
Gain on sale of operations, net		0
Other income (expense), net	0	0
Total other income, net	0	0
Income before income tax expense	1,326	883
Corporate and Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0
Operating expenses (income)	15,354	9,062
Gross margin	(15,354)	(9,062)
Corporate general and administrative expenses	18,711	15,598
Operating income	(34,065)	(24,660)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(4,511)	(3,640)
Gain on sale of operations, net		0
Other income (expense), net	9,294	4,680
Total other income, net	4,783	1,040
Income before income tax expense	$ (29,282)	$ (23,620)