The Account’s total net return was 2.01% for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 1.38% for the three months ended March 31, 2003. This increase in the Account’s total return was due to the fact that during the first quarter of 2004, the Account had strong income return on its real estate holdings, which were augmented by capital appreciation on several of these holdings.
In addition, the strong performance of the REIT market positively enhanced the return on the Account’s REIT holdings. The performance of the Account’s real estate and real estate related holdings can be attributed to the continued strong preference of institutional investors for real estate as an asset class. The first quarter total return on the Account’s real estate was strong due to the capital appreciation of several of its properties.
The Account’s net investment income after deduction of all expenses was 23.4% higher for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the same period in 2003. This increase was primarily due to a 34.6% increase in total net assets and a 22.17% increase in the Account’s real estate holdings over the same period.
The Account’s real estate holdings, including joint venture investments, generated approximately 93% and 96% of the Account’s total investment income (before deducting Account level expenses) during the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The remaining portion of the Account’s total investment income was generated by marketable securities investments.
Gross real estate rental income increased approximately 28% in the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the same period in 2003. This increase was primarily due to the increased number of properties owned by the Account as of March 31, 2004 as compared with March 31, 2003. Income from real estate joint ventures was $4,527,633 in the first quarter of 2004, as compared with $5,233,066 for the same period in 2003. Interest income on the Account’s marketable securities investments increased from $855,144 for first quarter of 2003 to $1,772,803 for first quarter of 2004 due to the increase in the amount of non-real estate assets held by the Account. Dividend income on the Account’s REIT investments increased from $2,152,381 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 to $3,954,036 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. The increase in dividend income was primarily due to the increase in the Account’s number of REIT holdings, as well as the high volatility of the REIT market.
Total property level expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 were $50,117,218, and $36,231,288, respectively. In three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, 64% of the total expenses represented operating expenses and 36% represented real estate taxes. The 38% increase in property level expenses from the first quarter of 2003 to first quarter of 2004 reflected the increased investment in real estate by the Account (76 properties as of the first quarter of 2003 compared to 87 properties as of the first quarter of 2004).
The Account also incurred expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 of $3,154,486 and $2,795,736, respectively, for investment advisory services, $4,027,093 and $3,701,408, respectively, for administrative and distribution services and $1,238,660 and $847,035, respectively, for the mortality and expense risk charges and the liquidity guarantee charges. The 15% increase in expenses is primarily a result of the larger net asset base in the Account and increased costs associated with managing and administering a larger account.
Including net gains and losses realized by the Account for properties sold (see details under “Results from Discontinued Operations”), the Account had a 93% increase in net assets resulting from operations ($99,622,233 as of March 31, 2004 as compared to $51,556,889 as of March 31, 2003). The increase is due to the substantial realized and unrealized gains on the Account’s marketable securities and joint venture properties.
The Account had net realized and unrealized gains on investments of $31,493,180 for the three months ended March 31, 2004, as compared to realized and unrealized losses on investments of $8,994,411 for the three months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in the net realized and unrealized gains is primarily due to the substantial net realized and unrealized gain of $25,484,713 on the Account’s marketable securities for the three months ended March 31, 2004, as compared to net realized and unrealized losses of $1,343,024 for the same period in 2003. The net gains on the Account’s marketable securities for the period ended March 31, 2004 was due to activity in the REIT market. In addition, the Account’s joint ventures had unrealized gains of $16,225,104 as of March 31, 2004 as compared to gains of $10,374,095 for the same period in 2003. The unrealized gain on the Account’s joint venture holdings for the period ended March 31, 2004 can be attributed to the increase in value of three regional malls in which it owns a joint venture interest. The unrealized losses on the Account’s real estate holdings of $10,216,637 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 were substantially less than the unrealized losses of $18,025,482 for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Results from Discontinued Operations
In October 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets(“SFAS No. 144”). The Account sold no properties during the three months ended March 31, 2004, and two real estate properties in 2003. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, the investment income and realized loss for the three months ended March 31, 2003 related to the properties sold during 2003, was removed from continuing operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and was classified as discontinued operations. The income for the three months ended March 31, 2003 from the properties sold during 2003, consisted of rental income of $5,625,136 less operating expenses of $958,976 and real estate taxes of $618,267, resulting in net investment income of $4,047,893. At the time of sale, the property sold during the three months ended March 31, 2003 had a cost of $6,247,473 and the proceeds of sale were $5,475,000, resulting in a net realized loss of $772,473.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Account’s liquid assets (i.e., its REITs, CMBSs, commercial paper, government securities and cash) had a value of $1,211,600,124 and $480,825,626, respectively. The increase in the Account’s liquid assets was primarily due to the net positive inflow of transfers and premiums at the same time when there was no purchase activity during the first three months of 2004.
23
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Account received $164,850,645 in premiums and $180,858,568 in net participants’ transfers from TIAA, the CREF Accounts and affiliated mutual funds, while for the same time period in 2003, the Account received $117,091,071 in premiums and $51,087,632 in net participant transfers. The Account’s liquid assets, exclusive of the REITs, will continue to be available to purchase additional suitable real estate properties and to meet expense needs and redemption requests (i.e., cash withdrawals or transfers). In the unlikely event that the Account’s liquid assets and its cash flow from operating activities and participant transactions are not sufficient to meet its cash needs, including redemption requests, TIAA’s general account will purchase liquidity units in accordance with TIAA’s liquidity guarantee to the Account.
The Account, under certain conditions more fully described in the Account’s prospectus, may borrow money and assume or obtain a mortgage on a property—i.e., to make leveraged real estate investments. Also, to meet any short-term cash needs, the Account may obtain a line of credit whose terms may require that the Account secure a loan with one or more of its properties. The Account’s total borrowings may not exceed 20% of the Account’s total net asset value.
Effects of Inflation and Increasing Operating Expenses
Inflation, along with increased insurance and security costs, may increase property operating expenses in the future. We anticipate that these increases in operating expenses will generally be billed to tenants either through contractual lease provisions in office, industrial, and retail properties or through rent increases in apartment complexes. However, depending on how long any vacant space in a property remains unleased, the Account may not be able to recover the full amount of such increases in operating expenses.
Critical Accounting Policies
The consolidated financial statements of the Account are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
In preparing the Account’s consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances—the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Management believes that the following policies related to the valuation of the Account’s assets reflected in the Account’s consolidated financial statements affect the significant judgments, estimates and assumptions used in preparing its financial statements:
Valuation of Real Estate Properties:Investments in real estate properties are stated at fair value, as determined in accordance with procedures approved by the Investment Committee of the TIAA Board of Trustees. Fair value for real estate properties is defined as the most probable price for which a property will sell in a competitive market under all conditions requisite to a fair sale. Determination of fair value involves subjective judgment because the actual market value of real estate can be determined only by negotiation between the parties in a sales transaction. The Account’s properties are initially valued at their respective purchase prices (including acquisition costs). Subsequently, independent appraisers value each real estate property at least once a year. TIAA’s appraisal staff performs a valuation of each real estate property on a quarterly basis and updates the property value if it believes that the value of the property has changed since the previous valuation or appraisal. The appraisals are performed in accordance with Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices (USPAP), the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation. Real estate appraisals are estimates of property values based on a professional’s opinion.
Valuation of Mortgages:Mortgages are initially valued at their face amount. Fixed rate mortgages are thereafter valued quarterly by discounting payments of principal and interest to their present value using a rate at which commercial lenders would make similar mortgage loans. Floating variable rate mortgages are generally valued at their face amount, although the value may be adjusted as market conditions dictate.
24
Valuation of Real Estate Joint Ventures:Real estate joint ventures are stated at the Account’s equity in the net assets of the underlying joint venture entities, which value their real estate holdings at fair value.
Valuation of Marketable Securities:Equity securities listed or traded on any United States national securities exchange are valued at the last sale price as of the close of the principal securities exchange on which such securities are traded or, if there is no sale, at the mean of the last bid and asked prices on such exchange. Debt securities, other than money market instruments, are valued at the most recent bid price or the equivalent quoted yield for such securities (or those of comparable maturity, quality and type). Money market instruments, with maturities of one year or less, are valued in the same manner as debt securities or derived from a pricing matrix that has various types of money market instruments along one axis and various maturities along the other. Portfolio securities and limited partnership interests for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith under the direction of the Investment Committee of the Board of Trustees and in accordance with the responsibilities of the Board as a whole.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some statements in this report which are not historical facts may be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements about our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies for the future, and the assumptions underlying these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or management’s present expectations.
Caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on management’s forward-looking statements, which represent management’s views only as of the date this report is filed. Neither management nor the Account undertake any obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of March 31, 2004, 21.84% of the Account’s investments were in market risk sensitive instruments, comprised entirely of marketable securities. These include real estate investment trusts (REITs), commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBSs), and high-quality short-term debt instruments (i.e., commercial paper). The Consolidated Statement of Investments for the Account sets forth the terms of these instruments, along with their fair value, as determined in accordance with procedures described in Note 1 to the Account’s financial statements. Note that the Account does not currently invest in derivative financial instruments.
The Account’s investments in marketable securities are subject to the following general risks:
- financial risk—for debt securities, the possibility that the issuer won’t be able to pay principal and interest when due, and for common or preferred stock, the possibility that the issuer’s current earnings will fall or that its overall financial soundness will decline, reducing the security’s value.
- market risk—price volatility due to changing conditions in the financial markets and, particularly for debt securities, changes in overall interest rates.
- interest rate volatility,which may affect current income from an investment.
In addition, mortgage-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk—i.e., the risk that borrowers will repay the loans early. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated payments of principal, the Account could fail to recoup some or all of its initial investment in these securities. The market value of these securities is also highly sensitive to changes in interest rates. Note that the potential for appreciation, which could otherwise be expected to result from a decline in interest rates, may be limited by any increased prepayments.
25
In addition to these risks, REITs and mortgage-backed securities are subject to many of the same general risks inherent in real estate investing, making mortgage loans and investing in debt securities. For more information on the risks associated with all of the Account’s investments, see the Account’s most recent prospectus.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a)Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. An evaluation was performed as of March 31, 2004, under the supervision of the registrant’s management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the registrant’s management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective for this quarterly reporting period.
(b)Changes in internal controls over financial reporting. There have been no significant changes in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.
26
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. |
|
There are no material current or pending legal proceedings that the Account is a party to, or to which the Account’s assets are subject. |
|
Item 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS. |
|
Not applicable. |
|
Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES. |
|
Not applicable. |
|
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY-HOLDERS. |
|
Not applicable. |
|
Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION. |
|
Not applicable. |
|
Item 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. |
| |
(a) | EXHIBITS |
| | |
| (3) | (A) | Charter of TIAA (as amended)1 |
| | | |
| | (B) | Bylaws of TIAA (as amended)1 |
| | | |
| (4) | (A) | Forms of RA, GRA, GSRA, SRA, IRA Real Estate Account Endorsements2, Keogh Contract3 and Retirement Select and Retirement Select Plus Contracts and Endorsements1 |
| | | |
| | (B) | Forms of Income-Paying Contracts2 |
| | |
| (10) | (A) | Independent Fiduciary Agreement by and among TIAA, the Registrant, and The Townsend Group3, as amended5 |
| | | |
| | (B) | Custodial Services Agreement by and between TIAA and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York with respect to the Real Estate Account (Agreement assigned to Bank of New York, January 1996)2 |
| | | |
| | (C) | Distribution and Administrative Services Agreement by and between TIAA and TIAA-CREF Individual & Institutional Services, Inc. (as amended) (filed previously as Exhibit (1))1 |
| | |
| (31) | Rule 13a-15(e)/15d-15(e) Certifications |
| | |
| (32) | Section 1350 Certifications |
|
|
1 | Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to the Account’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration statement on Form S-1 filed April 29, 2004 (File No. 333-113602). |
| |
27
2 | Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Account’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 30, 1996 (File No. 33-92990). |
| |
3 | Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to the Account’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 26, 2000 (File No. 333-22809). |
| |
4 | Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to the Account’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration statement on Form S-1 filed April 29, 2002 (File No. 333-83964). |
| |
5 | Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference to the Account's Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 29, 2003 (File No. 333-83964). |
| |
| (b) | REPORTS ON 8-K. The Account filed a report on Form 8-K on January 21, 2004 under Item 5 of the form with respect to the acquisition of properties for its portfolio. |
28
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
DATE: May 3, 2004 | |
| |
| TIAA REAL ESTATE ACCOUNT |
| |
| By: | TEACHERS INSURANCE AND |
| | ANNUITY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA |
| |
| By: | /s/ Herbert M. Allison, Jr. |
| |
|
| | Herbert M. Allison, Jr. |
| | Chairman of the Board, President |
| | and Chief Executive Officer |
DATE: May 3, 2004 | |
| |
| By: | /s/ Elizabeth A. Monrad |
| |
|
| | Elizabeth A. Monrad |
| | Executive Vice President and |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
29