Loans | 8. Loans Loan segments have been identified by evaluating the portfolio based on collateral and credit risk characteristics. Loans receivable consist of the following: March 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 1,222,057 $ 1,167,466 Commercial 2,495,469 2,450,349 Construction 883,712 862,815 4,601,238 4,480,630 Other Loans: Commercial 910,553 895,638 Home equity and improvement 261,176 264,354 Consumer finance 132,294 126,417 1,304,023 1,286,409 Loans before deferred loan origination fees and costs 5,905,261 5,767,039 Deduct: Undisbursed construction loan funds ( 525,545 ) ( 477,890 ) Net deferred loan origination fees and costs 8,615 7,019 Allowance for credit losses ( 67,195 ) ( 66,468 ) Total loans $ 5,321,136 $ 5,229,700 The Company has responded to the pandemic in numerous ways, including by actively participating in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) and distributing $ 636.9 million to small businesses in our markets. As of March 31, 2022 , the Company had $ 18.7 million in PPP loans, which remained unpaid and were included in commercial loans in the above loan table. As of December 31, 2021 , the Company had $ 58.9 million in PPP loans. The following table discloses allowance for credit loss (“ACL”) activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 by portfolio segment (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Residential Real Estate Commercial Construction Commercial Home Equity Consumer Total Beginning Allowance $ 12,029 $ 32,399 $ 3,004 $ 13,410 $ 4,221 $ 1,405 $ 66,468 Charge-Offs ( 140 ) ( 7 ) — ( 10 ) ( 29 ) ( 103 ) ( 289 ) Recoveries 81 59 — 102 34 114 390 Provisions ( 330 ) 1,750 ( 391 ) 319 ( 307 ) ( 415 ) 626 Ending Allowance $ 11,640 $ 34,201 $ 2,613 $ 13,821 $ 3,919 $ 1,001 $ 67,195 Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Residential Real Estate Commercial Construction Commercial Home Equity Consumer Finance Total Beginning Allowance $ 17,534 $ 43,417 $ 2,741 $ 11,665 $ 4,739 $ 1,983 $ 82,079 Charge-Offs — — — ( 70 ) ( 3 ) ( 36 ) ( 109 ) Recoveries 8 36 — 198 29 27 298 Provisions ( 34 ) ( 8,181 ) 35 398 416 ( 148 ) ( 7,514 ) Ending Allowance $ 17,508 $ 35,272 $ 2,776 $ 12,191 $ 5,181 $ 1,826 $ 74,754 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans and collateral type as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands): March 31, 2022 Real Estate Equipment and Machinery Inventory and Receivables Vehicles Total Real Estate: Residential $ 78 $ — $ — $ — $ 78 Commercial 17,592 — — — 17,592 Construction — — — — — Other Loans: Commercial 1,573 — 13,711 21 15,305 Home equity and improvement — — — — — Consumer finance — — — — — Total $ 19,243 $ — $ 13,711 $ 21 $ 32,975 December 31, 2021 Real Estate Equipment and Machinery Inventory and Receivables Vehicles Total Real Estate: Residential $ 226 $ — $ — $ — $ 226 Commercial 18,399 — — — 18,399 Construction — — — — — Other Loans: Commercial 1,574 160 14,023 25 15,782 Home equity and improvement — — — — — Consumer finance — — — — — Total $ 20,199 $ 160 $ 14,023 $ 25 $ 34,407 Non-performing loans include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually analyzed loans. All loans greater than 90 days past due are placed on non-accrual status. The following table presents the current balance of the aggregate amounts of non-performing assets, comprised of non-performing loans and real estate owned as of the dates indicated: March 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Non-accrual loans with reserve $ 32,930 $ 35,480 Non-accrual loans without reserve 14,368 $ 12,534 Loans 90 days plus past due and still accruing — — Total non-performing loans 47,298 48,014 Real estate and other assets held for sale 253 171 Total non-performing assets $ 47,551 $ 48,185 Troubled debt restructuring, still accruing $ 6,287 $ 7,768 The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost in past due and non-accrual loans as of March 31, 2022, by class of loans (in thousands): Current 30 - 59 days 60 - 89 days 90 + days Total Total Real Estate: Residential $ 1,202,041 $ 307 $ 3,327 $ 7,654 $ 11,288 $ 9,280 Commercial 2,486,865 549 6 8,059 8,614 14,423 Construction 358,167 — — — — — Other Loans: Commercial 890,418 10,371 — 936 11,307 11,386 Home equity and improvement 255,180 756 334 1,771 2,861 2,171 Consumer finance 129,659 1,530 598 1,959 4,087 2,100 PCD 21,924 173 703 5,044 5,920 7,938 Total Loans $ 5,344,254 $ 13,686 $ 4,968 $ 25,423 $ 44,077 $ 47,298 The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due and non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2021, by class of loans (in thousands): Current 30 - 59 days 60 - 89 days 90 + days Total Total Real Estate: Residential $ 1,144,533 $ 234 $ 5,340 $ 7,487 $ 13,061 $ 9,034 Commercial 2,439,552 96 847 7,168 8,111 14,621 Construction 383,136 43 1,746 — 1,789 — Other Loans: Commercial 884,025 42 35 867 944 11,531 Home equity and improvement 257,055 1,851 408 1,634 3,893 2,051 Consumer finance 124,073 1,112 819 1,728 3,659 1,873 PCD 25,111 225 1,005 5,996 7,226 8,904 Total Loans $ 5,257,485 $ 3,603 $ 10,200 $ 24,880 $ 38,683 $ 48,014 Troubled Debt Restructurings As of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 , the Company had a recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) of $ 10.6 million and $ 11.9 million, respectively. The Company allocated $ 358,000 and $ 378,000 of specific reserves to those loans at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 , respectively, and had committed to lend additional amounts totaling up to $ 319,000 and $ 348,000 at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company had previously worked with borrowers that were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic by providing modifications to include either interest only deferral or principal and interest deferral. These modifications ranged from one to nine months . As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 , the Company had no active deferrals. The Company offers various types of concessions when modifying a loan, however, forgiveness of principal is rarely granted. Each TDR is uniquely designed to meet the specific needs of the borrower. Commercial and industrial loans modified in a TDR often involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions and converting revolving credit lines to term loans. Additional collateral or an additional guarantor is often requested when granting a concession. Commercial mortgage loans modified in a TDR often involve temporary interest-only payments, re-amortization of remaining debt in order to lower payments and sometimes reducing the interest rate lower than the current market rate. Residential mortgage loans modified in a TDR are comprised of loans where monthly payments are lowered, either through interest rate reductions or principal only payments for a period of time, to accommodate the borrowers’ financial needs, interest is capitalized into principal, or the term and amortization are extended. Home equity modifications are made infrequently and usually involve providing an interest rate that is lower than the borrower would be able to obtain due to credit issues. All retail loans where the borrower is in bankruptcy are classified as TDRs regardless of whether or not a concession is made. Of the loans modified in a TDR as of March 31, 2022 , $ 4.3 million were on non-accrual status and partial charge-offs have in some cases been taken against the outstanding balance. Loans modified as a TDR may have the financial effect of increasing the allowance associated with the loan. If the loan is determined to be collateral dependent, the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs is used to determine if there is a need for a specific allowance or charge-off. If the loan is determined to be cash flow dependent, the allowance is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s pre-modification effective interest rate. The following tables present loans by class modified as TDRs that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021: Loans Modified as a TDR for the Three Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Recorded Investment Real Estate: Residential 1 $ 252 Commercial — — Construction — — Other Loans: Commercial — — Home equity and improvement — — Consumer finance 2 20 Total 3 $ 272 The loans described above increased the ACL by $ 1,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Loans Modified as a TDR for the Three Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Recorded Investment Real Estate: Residential 2 $ 150 Commercial — — Construction — — Other Loans: Commercial 3 709 Home equity and improvement — — Consumer finance — — Total 5 $ 859 The loans described above increased the ACL by $ 6,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2021. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed on the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. There were no TDRs that subsequently defaulted as of March 31, 2022 or March 31, 2021. Credit Quality Indicators Loans are categorized into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. Loans are analyzed individually by classifying the loans by credit risk. This analysis includes all non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain homogenous mortgage, home equity and consumer loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. Premier uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution's credit position at some future date. Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans. As of March 31, 2022, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows (in thousands): Class Unclassified Special Substandard Doubtful Total classified Total Real Estate: Residential $ 1,202,103 $ 1,295 $ 9,931 $ - $ 9,931 $ 1,213,329 Commercial 2,376,266 93,550 25,663 — 25,663 2,495,479 Construction 358,167 — — — — 358,167 Other Loans: Commercial 869,383 20,558 11,784 — 11,784 901,725 Home equity and improvement 255,883 — 2,158 — 2,158 258,041 Consumer finance 131,647 — 2,099 — 2,099 133,746 PCD 19,110 98 8,636 — 8,636 27,844 Total Loans $ 5,212,559 $ 115,501 $ 60,271 $ — $ 60,271 $ 5,388,331 As of December 31, 2021, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows (in thousands): Class Unclassified Special Substandard Doubtful Total classified Total Real Estate: Residential $ 1,146,212 $ 1,316 $ 10,066 $ - $ 10,066 $ 1,157,594 Commercial 2,324,846 93,676 29,141 — 29,141 2,447,663 Construction 365,403 19,522 — — — 384,925 Other Loans: Commercial 856,402 14,815 13,752 — 13,752 884,969 Home equity and improvement 258,914 — 2,034 — 2,034 260,948 Consumer finance 125,879 — 1,853 — 1,853 127,732 PCD 19,547 101 12,689 — 12,689 32,337 Total Loans $ 5,097,203 $ 129,430 $ 69,535 $ — $ 69,535 $ 5,296,168 The tables below present the amortized cost basis of loans by credit quality indicator and class of loans as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands): Term of loans by origination 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Total As of March 31, 2022 Real Estate Residential: Risk Rating Pass $ 87,717 $ 247,594 $ 355,860 $ 104,958 $ 59,789 $ 344,704 $ 1,481 $ 1,202,103 Special Mention — — 187 37 — 158 913 1,295 Substandard — 777 957 779 1,178 6,240 — 9,931 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 87,717 $ 248,371 $ 357,004 $ 105,774 $ 60,967 $ 351,102 $ 2,394 $ 1,213,329 Commercial: Risk Rating Pass $ 117,640 $ 511,210 $ 513,331 $ 358,355 $ 228,407 $ 636,090 $ 11,233 $ 2,376,266 Special Mention 2,380 292 — 2,111 17,094 71,000 673 93,550 Substandard — 195 559 4,788 4,946 14,949 226 25,663 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 120,020 $ 511,697 $ 513,890 $ 365,254 $ 250,447 $ 722,039 $ 12,132 $ 2,495,479 Construction: Risk Rating Pass $ 196,348 $ 86,533 $ 53,706 $ - $ 727 $ - $ 20,853 $ 358,167 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 196,348 $ 86,533 $ 53,706 $ - $ 727 $ - $ 20,853 $ 358,167 Other Loans Commercial: Risk Rating Pass $ 67,089 $ 240,506 $ 125,299 $ 74,398 $ 41,778 $ 34,471 $ 285,842 $ 869,383 Special Mention 2,857 — 2,117 3,919 225 5,738 5,702 20,558 Substandard — 123 10,347 22 249 216 827 11,784 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 69,946 $ 240,629 $ 137,763 $ 78,339 $ 42,252 $ 40,425 $ 292,371 $ 901,725 Home equity and Improvement: Risk Rating Pass $ 3,622 $ 23,965 $ 6,444 $ 4,267 $ 2,524 $ 35,008 $ 180,053 $ 255,883 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 28 37 790 1,303 2,158 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,622 $ 23,965 $ 6,444 $ 4,295 $ 2,561 $ 35,798 $ 181,356 $ 258,041 Consumer Finance: Risk Rating Pass $ 21,501 $ 44,590 $ 23,257 $ 19,959 $ 7,877 $ 5,528 $ 8,935 $ 131,647 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 187 980 717 125 86 4 2,099 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 21,501 $ 44,777 $ 24,237 $ 20,676 $ 8,002 $ 5,614 $ 8,939 $ 133,746 PCD: Risk Rating Pass $ - $ - $ - $ 163 $ 1,733 $ 13,739 $ 3,475 $ 19,110 Special Mention — — — — — 98 — 98 Substandard — — — 53 26 5,854 2,703 8,636 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ - $ - $ - $ 216 $ 1,759 $ 19,691 $ 6,178 $ 27,844 Term of loans by origination 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Total As of December 31, 2021 Real Estate Residential: Risk Rating Pass $ 219,006 $ 373,439 $ 112,781 $ 65,544 $ 71,794 $ 301,735 $ 1,913 $ 1,146,212 Special Mention — 190 — — 59 109 958 1,316 Substandard 465 780 1,198 1,006 2,095 4,522 — 10,066 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 219,471 $ 374,409 $ 113,979 $ 66,550 $ 73,948 $ 306,366 $ 2,871 $ 1,157,594 Commercial: Risk Rating Pass $ 514,333 $ 493,575 $ 388,117 $ 230,734 $ 237,712 $ 451,113 $ 9,262 $ 2,324,846 Special Mention 294 5,349 5,533 11,055 49,993 20,662 790 93,676 Substandard 172 570 4,920 5,525 62 17,665 227 29,141 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 514,799 $ 499,494 $ 398,570 $ 247,314 $ 287,767 $ 489,440 $ 10,279 $ 2,447,663 Construction: Risk Rating Pass $ 198,221 $ 100,606 $ 55,707 $ 10,039 $ 685 $ 145 $ - $ 365,403 Special Mention — 12,500 — 5,996 1,026 — — 19,522 Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 198,221 $ 113,106 $ 55,707 $ 16,035 $ 1,711 $ 145 $ - $ 384,925 Other Loans Commercial: Risk Rating Pass $ 293,644 $ 132,703 $ 84,668 $ 47,421 $ 24,269 $ 17,038 $ 256,659 $ 856,402 Special Mention — 2,180 4,094 272 1,264 4,663 2,342 14,815 Substandard 136 11,550 23 288 388 131 1,236 13,752 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 293,780 $ 146,433 $ 88,785 $ 47,981 $ 25,921 $ 21,832 $ 260,237 $ 884,969 Home equity and Improvement: Risk Rating Pass $ 24,707 $ 6,870 $ 4,867 $ 2,879 $ 5,534 $ 31,317 $ 182,740 $ 258,914 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard 15 — 28 48 27 690 1,226 2,034 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 24,722 $ 6,870 $ 4,895 $ 2,927 $ 5,561 $ 32,007 $ 183,966 $ 260,948 Consumer Finance: Risk Rating Pass $ 50,202 $ 25,866 $ 23,000 $ 9,643 $ 4,313 $ 2,769 $ 10,086 $ 125,879 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard 196 707 619 129 67 131 4 1,853 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 50,398 $ 26,573 $ 23,619 $ 9,772 $ 4,380 $ 2,900 $ 10,090 $ 127,732 PCD: Risk Rating Pass $ - $ - $ 170 $ 1,753 $ 1,860 $ 12,496 $ 3,268 $ 19,547 Special Mention — — — — — 101 — 101 Substandard — — 67 28 3,242 6,490 2,862 12,689 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ - $ - $ 237 $ 1,781 $ 5,102 $ 19,087 $ 6,130 $ 32,337 A llowance for Credit Losses The Company has adopted ASU 2016-13 (Topic 326 – Credit Losses) to calculate the ACL, which requires a projection of credit loss over the contract lifetime of the credit adjusted for prepayment tendencies. This valuation account is deducted from the loans amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loan. The ACL is adjusted through the provision for credit losses and reduced by net charge offs of loans. The credit loss estimation process involves procedures that consider the unique characteristics of the Company’s portfolio segments. These segments are further disaggregated into the loan pools for monitoring. When computing allowance levels, a model of risk characteristics, such as loss history and delinquency status, along with current conditions and a supportable forecast is used to determine credit loss assumptions. The Company is generally utilizing two methodologies to analyze loan pools, DCF and probability of default/loss given default (“PD/LGD”). A default can be triggered by one of several different asset quality factors including past due status, non-accrual status, TDR status or if the loan has had a charge-off. The PD/LGD utilizes charge off data from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council to construct a default rate. This default rate is further segmented based on the risk of the credit assigning a higher default rate to riskier credits. The DCF methodology was selected as the most appropriate for loan segments with longer average lives and regular payment structures. The DCF model has two key components, the loss driver analysis combined with a cash flow analysis. The contractual cash flow is adjusted for PD/LGD and prepayment speed to establish a reserve level. The prepayment studies are updated quarterly by a third-party for each applicable pool. The Company estimates losses over an approximate one-year forecast period using Moody’s baseline economic forecasts, and then reverts to longer term historical loss experience over a three-year period. The remaining life method was selected for the consumer direct loan segment since the pool contains loans with many different structures and payment streams and collateral. The weighted average remaining life uses an average annual charge-off rate applied to the contractual term, further adjusted for estimated prepayments to determine the unadjusted historical charge-off rate for the remaining balance of assets. Portfolio Segments Loan Pool Methodology Loss Drivers Residential real estate 1-4 Family nonowner occupied DCF National unemployment 1-4 Family owner occupied DCF National unemployment Commercial real estate Commercial real estate nonowner occupied DCF National unemployment Commercial real estate owner occupied DCF National unemployment Multi Family DCF National unemployment Agriculture Land DCF National unemployment Other commercial real estate DCF National unemployment Construction secured by real estate Construction Other PD/LGD Call report loss history Construction Residential PD/LGD Call report loss history Commercial Commercial working capital PD/LGD Call report loss history Agriculture production PD/LGD Call report loss history Other commercial PD/LGD Call report loss history Home equity and improvement Home equity and improvement PD/LGD Call report loss history Consumer finance Consumer direct Remaining life Call report loss history Consumer indirect DCF National unemployment According to the accounting standard, an entity may make an accounting policy election not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable if the entity writes off the applicable accrued interest receivable balance in a timely manner. The Company has made the accounting policy election not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables for all loan segments. Current policy dictates that a loan will be placed on nonaccrual status, with the current accrued interest receivable balance being written off, upon the loan being 90 days delinquent or when the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent and the collateral analysis shows less than 1.2 times discounted collateral coverage based on a current assessment of the value of the collateral. In addition to the ASC Topic 326 requires the Company to establish a liability for anticipated credit losses for unfunded commitments. To accomplish this, the company must first establishes a loss expectation for extended (funded) commitments. This loss expectation, expressed as a ratio to the amortized cost basis, is then applied to the portion of unfunded commitments not considered unilaterally cancelable, and considered by the company’s management as likely to fund over the life of the instrument. At March 31, 2022 , the Company had $ 1.5 billion in unfunded commitments and set aside $ 5.3 million in anticipated credit losses. This reserve is recorded in other liabilities as opposed to the ACL. The determination of ACL is complex and the Company makes decisions on the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. Evaluations of the loan portfolio and individual credits require certain estimates, assumptions and judgements as to the facts and circumstances related to particular situations or credits. There may be significant changes in the ACL in future periods determined by prevailing factors at that point in time along with future forecasts. Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans Under ASU Topic 326, when loans are purchased with evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit, they are accounted for as PCD. PCD loans acquired in a transaction are marked to fair value and a mark on yield is recorded. In addition, an adjustment is made to the ACL for the expected loss on the acquisition date. These loans are assessed on a regular basis and subsequent adjustments to the ACL are recorded on the income statement. The outstanding balance and related allowance on these loans as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands): As of March 31, 2022 As of December 31, 2021 Loan Balance ACL Balance Loan Balance ACL Balance (In Thousands) (In Thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 12,520 $ 176 $ 13,396 $ 197 Commercial 3,146 51 5,878 151 Construction — — — — 15,666 227 19,274 348 Other Loans: Commercial 8,595 1,211 9,167 1,531 Home equity and improvement 3,135 139 3,405 154 Consumer finance 448 9 491 7 12,178 1,359 13,063 1,692 Total $ 27,844 $ 1,586 $ 32,337 $ 2,040 Foreclosure Proceedings Consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure totaled $ 4.1 million as of March 31, 2022 , and $ 3.3 million as of December 31, 2021 . |