LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Loans receivable at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied $ 1,327,807 18.2 % $ 546,783 14.3 % Investment properties 1,765,353 24.1 856,942 22.3 Multifamily real estate 472,976 6.5 167,524 4.4 Commercial construction 72,103 1.0 17,337 0.4 Multifamily construction 63,846 0.9 60,193 1.6 One- to four-family construction 278,469 3.8 219,889 5.7 Land and land development: Residential 126,773 1.7 102,435 2.7 Commercial 33,179 0.5 11,152 0.3 Commercial business 1,207,944 16.5 723,964 18.9 Agricultural business, including secured by farmland 376,531 5.1 238,499 6.2 One- to four-family residential 952,633 13.0 537,108 14.1 Consumer: Consumer secured by one- to four-family 478,420 6.5 222,205 5.8 Consumer—other 158,470 2.2 127,003 3.3 Total loans outstanding 7,314,504 100.0 % 3,831,034 100.0 % Less allowance for loan losses (78,008 ) (75,907 ) Net loans $ 7,236,496 $ 3,755,127 Loan amounts are net of unearned loan fees in excess of unamortized costs of $5.5 million at December 31, 2015 and $5.8 million at December 31, 2014 . Net loans include net discounts on acquired loans of $43.7 million and $148,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. The Company’s loans to directors, executive officers and related entities are on substantially the same terms and underwriting as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collectability. Such loans had balances of $7.9 million and $8.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. Purchased credit-impaired loans: The outstanding contractual unpaid principal balance of PCI loans, excluding acquisition accounting adjustments, was $83.4 million at December 31, 2015 . The carrying balance of PCI loans was $58.6 million at December 31, 2015 . There were no PCI loans at December 31, 2014 . The following table presents the changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands): Years Ended December 31 2015 2014 Balance, beginning of period $ — $ — Additions 13,310 — Accretion to interest income (2,202 ) — Disposals and other (1,238 ) — Reclassifications from non-accretable difference 505 — Balance, end of period $ 10,375 $ — As of December 31, 2015 , the non-accretable difference between the contractually required payments and cash flows expected to be collected was $29.5 million . Impaired Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses: A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and circumstances, the Company determines it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. Factors involved in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, the financial condition of the borrower, the value of the underlying collateral and the current status of the economy. Impaired loans are comprised of loans on nonaccrual, TDRs, and loans that are 90 days or more past due, but are still on accrual. Purchase credit-impaired loans are consider performing within the scope of the PCI accounting guidance and are not included in the impaired loan tables. The following tables provide additional information on impaired loans, excluding purchased credit impaired loans, with and without specific allowance reserves at December 31, 2015 and 2014 . Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance or the carrying amount of loans less charge-offs and net deferred loan fees (in thousands): December 31, 2015 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Without Allowance (1) With Allowance (2) Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied $ 1,465 $ — $ 1,416 $ 70 Investment properties 8,740 2,503 5,846 602 Multifamily real estate 359 — 357 71 Commercial construction 1,141 1,069 — — One- to four-family construction 1,741 — 1,741 161 Land and land development: Residential 3,540 750 1,634 444 Commercial 1,628 1,027 — Commercial business 2,266 538 1,184 150 Agricultural business/farmland 1,309 544 697 43 One- to four-family residential 17,897 2,206 14,418 736 Consumer: Consumer secured by one- to four-family 776 — 716 23 Consumer—other 433 — 351 7 $ 41,295 $ 8,637 $ 28,360 $ 2,307 December 31, 2014 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Without Allowance (1) With Allowance (2) Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied $ 1,598 $ 966 $ 582 $ 24 Investment properties 6,458 30 6,023 729 Multifamily real estate 786 — 786 86 One- to four-family construction 3,923 — 3,923 640 Land and land development: Residential 3,710 1,275 1,280 346 Commercial business 1,502 — 1,276 128 Agricultural business/farmland 1,597 744 854 26 One- to four-family residential 27,855 1,865 24,529 1,032 Consumer: Consumer secured by one- to four-family 1,256 73 1,077 75 Consumer—other 634 138 470 6 $ 49,319 $ 5,091 $ 40,800 $ 3,092 (1) Loans without an allowance reserve have been individually evaluated for impairment and that evaluation concluded that no reserve was needed. (2) Includes general reserves for loans evaluated in pools of homogeneous loans and loans with a specific reserve allowance. Loans with a specific allowance reserve have been individually evaluated for impairment using either a discounted cash flow analysis or, for collateral dependent loans, current appraisals less costs to sell to establish realizable value. The following tables summarize our average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by loan class for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2015 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Year Ended December 31, 2013 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied $ 1,467 $ 9 $ 1,841 $ 12 $ 2,761 $ 12 Investment properties 8,003 303 6,145 315 8,977 241 Multifamily real estate 362 18 795 45 5,705 298 One- to four-family construction 1,463 114 2,655 118 5,870 239 Land and land development: Residential 2,406 49 2,872 89 6,053 221 Commercial 931 — — — — — Commercial business 1,667 35 1,328 41 2,236 59 Agricultural business/farmland 1,143 19 1,866 — 110 8 One- to four-family residential 17,770 630 26,093 870 40,557 1,063 Consumer: Consumer secured by one- to four-family 736 11 1,248 19 1,403 25 Consumer—other 392 18 597 19 677 29 $ 36,340 $ 1,206 $ 45,440 $ 1,528 $ 74,349 $ 2,195 The following tables present TDRs at December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands): December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Accrual Status Nonaccrual Status Total TDRs Accrual Nonaccrual Total Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied $ 181 $ 104 $ 285 $ 183 $ 109 $ 292 Investment properties 5,834 13 5,847 6,021 32 6,053 Multifamily real estate 357 — 357 786 — 786 One- to four-family construction 1,741 — 1,741 3,923 — 3,923 Land and land development: Residential 1,151 483 1,634 1,279 525 1,804 Commercial business 624 — 624 739 87 826 Agricultural business/farmland 545 277 822 — — — One- to four-family residential 11,025 1,428 12,453 15,793 1,363 17,156 Consumer: Consumer secured by one- to four-family 147 14 161 233 117 350 Consumer—other 172 — 172 197 116 313 $ 21,777 $ 2,319 $ 24,096 $ 29,154 $ 2,349 $ 31,503 As of December 31, 2015 and 2014 , the Company had commitments to advance funds up to an additional amount of $237,000 and $2.1 million , respectively, related to TDRs. The following table presents new TDRs that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (dollars in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2015 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Number of Contracts Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Recorded Investment (1) (2) Commercial real estate: Owner-occupied — $ — $ — 1 $ 203 $ 203 One- to four-family construction — — — 10 2,153 2,153 Land and land development: Residential 2 1,302 483 — — — Commercial business — — — 1 100 100 Agricultural business/farmland 3 822 822 — — — One- to four-family residential 2 431 431 4 905 862 Consumer: Consumer - other — — — 1 9 9 7 $ 2,555 $ 1,736 17 $ 3,370 $ 3,327 (1) Since most loans were already considered classified and/or on non-accrual status prior to restructuring, the modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s determination of the allowance for loan losses. (2) The majority of these modifications do not fit into one separate type, such as rate, term, amount, interest-only or payment, but instead are a combination of multiple types of modifications; therefore, they are disclosed in aggregate. The following table presents TDRs which incurred a payment default within the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , for which the payment default occurred within twelve months of the restructure date. A default on a restructured loan results in a transfer to nonaccrual status, a charge-off or a combination of both (in thousands): Years Ended December 31 2015 2014 Number of Loans Amount Number of Loans Amount Agricultural business/farmland 2 $ 277 — $ — One- to four-family residential 1 387 — — Total 3 $ 664 — $ — Credit Quality Indicators : To appropriately and effectively manage the ongoing credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management has implemented a risk-rating or loan grading system for its loans. The system is a tool to evaluate portfolio asset quality throughout each applicable loan’s life as an asset of the Company. Generally, loans and leases are risk rated on an aggregate borrower/relationship basis with individual loans sharing similar ratings. There are some instances when specific situations relating to individual loans will provide the basis for different risk ratings within the aggregate relationship. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9. A description of the general characteristics of these categories is shown below: Overall Risk Rating Definitions : Risk-ratings contain both qualitative and quantitative measurements and take into account the financial strength of a borrower and the structure of the loan or lease. Consequently, the definitions are to be applied in the context of each lending transaction and judgment must also be used to determine the appropriate risk rating, as it is not unusual for a loan or lease to exhibit characteristics of more than one risk-rating category. Consideration for the final rating is centered in the borrower’s ability to repay, in a timely fashion, both principal and interest. There were no material changes in the risk-rating or loan grading system in 2015 . Risk Rating 1: Exceptional A credit supported by exceptional financial strength, stability, and liquidity. The risk rating of 1 is reserved for the Company’s top quality loans, generally reserved for investment grade credits underwritten to the standards of institutional credit providers. Risk Rating 2: Excellent A credit supported by excellent financial strength, stability and liquidity. The risk rating of 2 is reserved for very strong and highly stable customers with ready access to alternative financing sources. Risk Rating 3: Strong A credit supported by good overall financial strength and stability. Collateral margins are strong, cash flow is stable although susceptible to cyclical market changes. Risk Rating 4: Acceptable A credit supported by the borrower’s adequate financial strength and stability. Assets and cash flow are reasonably sound and provide for orderly debt reduction. Access to alternative financing sources will be more difficult to obtain. Risk Rating 5: Watch A credit with the characteristics of an acceptable credit but one which requires more than the normal level of supervision and warrants formal quarterly management reporting. Credits in this category are not yet criticized or classified, but due to adverse events or aspects of underwriting require closer than normal supervision. Generally, credits should be watch credits in most cases for six months or less as the impact of stress factors are analyzed. Risk Rating 6: Special Mention A credit with potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention is risk rated a 6. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses will result in deterioration in the capacity to repay debt. A key distinction between Special Mention and Substandard is that in a Special Mention credit, there are identified weaknesses that pose potential risk(s) to the repayment sources, versus well defined weaknesses that pose risk(s) to the repayment sources. Assets in this category are expected to be in this category no more than 9-12 months as the potential weaknesses in the credit are resolved. Risk Rating 7: Substandard A credit with well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the ability to repay in full is risk rated a 7. These credits are inadequately protected by either the sound net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or the value of pledged collateral. These are credits with a distinct possibility of loss. Loans headed for foreclosure and/or legal action due to deterioration are rated 7 or worse. Risk Rating 8: Doubtful A credit with an extremely high probability of loss is risk rated 8. These credits have all the same critical weaknesses that are found in a substandard loan; however, the weaknesses are elevated to the point that based upon current information, collection or liquidation in full is improbable. While some loss on doubtful credits is expected, pending events may strengthen a credit making the amount and timing of any loss indeterminate. In these situations taking the loss is inappropriate until it is clear that the pending event has failed to strengthen the credit and improve the capacity to repay debt. Risk Rating 9: Loss A credit that is considered to be currently uncollectible or of such little value that it is no longer a viable Bank asset is risk rated 9. Losses are taken in the accounting period in which the credit is determined to be uncollectible. Taking a loss does not mean that a credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but, rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the credit, even though partial recovery may occur in the future. The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Real Estate Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 18,784 $ 4,562 $ 25,545 $ 12,043 $ 3,821 $ 5,447 $ 483 $ 5,222 $ 75,907 Provision for loan losses 1,177 (480 ) 666 1,611 (878 ) (1,068 ) 1,363 (2,391 ) — Recoveries 819 113 1,811 948 1,927 772 570 — 6,960 Charge-offs (64 ) — (891 ) (746 ) (1,225 ) (419 ) (1,514 ) — (4,859 ) Ending balance $ 20,716 $ 4,195 $ 27,131 $ 13,856 $ 3,645 $ 4,732 $ 902 $ 2,831 $ 78,008 December 31, 2015 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance individually evaluated for impairment $ 605 $ 71 $ 418 $ 69 $ — $ 728 $ 29 $ — $ 1,920 Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment 20,111 4,124 26,713 13,732 3,645 4,004 873 2,831 76,033 Allowance for purchased credit-impaired loans — — — 55 — — — — 55 Total allowance for loan losses $ 20,716 $ 4,195 $ 27,131 $ 13,856 $ 3,645 $ 4,732 $ 902 $ 2,831 $ 78,008 December 31, 2015 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Loan balances: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 8,519 $ 357 $ 4,669 $ 2,223 $ 544 $ 12,185 $ 319 $ — $ 28,816 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 3,043,656 470,625 564,051 1,198,419 374,458 939,382 636,497 — 7,227,088 Purchased credit-impaired loans 40,985 1,994 5,650 7,302 1,529 1,066 74 — 58,600 Total loans $ 3,093,160 $ 472,976 $ 574,370 $ 1,207,944 $ 376,531 $ 952,633 $ 636,890 $ — $ 7,314,504 The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the year ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2014 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 16,759 $ 5,306 $ 17,640 $ 11,773 $ 2,841 $ 11,486 $ 1,335 $ 7,118 $ 74,258 Provision for loan losses 1,757 (724 ) 6,336 626 (417 ) (5,772 ) 90 (1,896 ) — Recoveries 1,507 — 1,776 988 1,576 618 528 — 6,993 Charge-offs (1,239 ) (20 ) (207 ) (1,344 ) (179 ) (885 ) (1,470 ) — (5,344 ) Ending balance $ 18,784 $ 4,562 $ 25,545 $ 12,043 $ 3,821 $ 5,447 $ 483 $ 5,222 $ 75,907 December 31, 2014 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance individually evaluated for impairment $ 728 $ 86 $ 986 $ 82 $ — $ 1,014 $ 70 $ — $ 2,966 Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment 18,056 4,476 24,559 11,961 3,821 4,433 413 5,222 72,941 Total allowance for loan losses $ 18,784 $ 4,562 $ 25,545 $ 12,043 $ 3,821 $ 5,447 $ 483 $ 5,222 $ 75,907 December 31, 2014 Commercial Real Estate Multifamily Construction and Land Commercial Business Agricultural Business One- to Four-Family Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Loan balances: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 7,171 $ 786 $ 6,477 $ 739 $ 744 $ 17,848 $ 681 $ — $ 34,446 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,396,554 166,738 404,529 723,225 237,755 519,260 348,527 — 3,796,588 Total loans $ 1,403,725 $ 167,524 $ 411,006 $ 723,964 $ 238,499 $ 537,108 $ 349,208 $ — $ 3,831,034 |