Fair Value Disclosures | Fair Value Disclosures The following is a summary of our financial instruments and trading liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV of $36.7 million and $42.2 million , respectively, by level within the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands): December 31, 2015 Level 1 (1) Level 2 (1) Level 3 Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (2) Total Assets: Trading assets, at fair value: Corporate equity securities $ 2,803,243 $ 133,732 $ 40,906 $ — $ 2,977,881 Corporate debt securities — 2,867,165 25,876 — 2,893,041 Collateralized debt obligations — 89,144 85,092 — 174,236 U.S. government and federal agency securities 2,555,018 90,633 — — 2,645,651 Municipal securities — 487,141 — — 487,141 Sovereign obligations 1,251,366 1,407,955 120 — 2,659,441 Residential mortgage-backed securities — 2,731,070 70,263 — 2,801,333 Commercial mortgage-backed securities — 1,014,913 14,326 — 1,029,239 Other asset-backed securities — 118,629 42,925 — 161,554 Loans and other receivables — 1,123,044 189,289 — 1,312,333 Derivatives 2,253 4,406,207 19,785 (4,165,446 ) 262,799 Investments at fair value — 26,224 199,794 — 226,018 Investment in FXCM — — 625,689 — 625,689 Total trading assets, excluding investments at fair value based on NAV $ 6,611,880 $ 14,495,857 $ 1,314,065 $ (4,165,446 ) $ 18,256,356 Available for sale securities: Corporate equity securities $ 73,579 $ — $ — $ — $ 73,579 Corporate debt securities — 4,744 — — 4,744 U.S. government securities 63,945 — — — 63,945 Residential mortgage-backed securities — 23,240 — — 23,240 Commercial mortgage-backed securities — 2,374 — — 2,374 Other asset-backed securities — 39,473 — — 39,473 Total available for sale securities $ 137,524 $ 69,831 $ — $ — $ 207,355 Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,638,648 $ — $ — $ — $ 3,638,648 Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations $ 751,084 $ — $ — $ — $ 751,084 Liabilities: Trading liabilities: Corporate equity securities $ 1,428,048 $ 36,518 $ 38 $ — $ 1,464,604 Corporate debt securities — 1,556,941 — — 1,556,941 Collateralized debt obligations 1,488,121 — — — 1,488,121 U.S. government and federal agency securities 837,614 505,382 — — 1,342,996 Sovereign obligations — 117 — — 117 Loans — 758,939 10,469 — 769,408 Derivatives 364 4,456,334 19,543 (4,257,998 ) 218,243 Total trading liabilities $ 3,754,147 $ 7,314,231 $ 30,050 $ (4,257,998 ) $ 6,840,430 Other secured financings $ — $ — $ 544 $ — $ 544 December 31, 2014 Level 1 (1) Level 2 (1) Level 3 Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (2) Total Assets: Trading assets, at fair value: Corporate equity securities $ 3,130,892 $ 226,441 $ 20,964 $ — $ 3,378,297 Corporate debt securities (3) — 3,342,276 22,766 — 3,365,042 Collateralized debt obligations (3) — 306,218 124,650 — 430,868 U.S. government and federal agency securities 2,694,268 81,273 — — 2,775,541 Municipal securities — 590,849 — — 590,849 Sovereign obligations 1,968,747 790,764 — — 2,759,511 Residential mortgage-backed securities — 2,879,954 82,557 — 2,962,511 Commercial mortgage-backed securities — 966,651 26,655 — 993,306 Other asset-backed securities — 137,387 2,294 — 139,681 Loans and other receivables — 1,458,760 97,258 — 1,556,018 Derivatives 65,145 5,046,278 54,190 (4,759,345 ) 406,268 Investments at fair value — 73,148 77,047 — 150,195 Physical commodities — 62,234 — — 62,234 Total trading assets, excluding investments at fair value based on NAV $ 7,859,052 $ 15,962,233 $ 508,381 $ (4,759,345 ) $ 19,570,321 Available for sale securities: Corporate equity securities $ 89,353 $ — $ — $ — $ 89,353 Corporate debt securities — 30,403 — — 30,403 U.S. government securities 593,773 — — — 593,773 Residential mortgage-backed securities — 606,683 — — 606,683 Commercial mortgage-backed securities — 43,401 — — 43,401 Other asset-backed securities — 245,156 — — 245,156 Total available for sale securities $ 683,126 $ 925,643 $ — $ — $ 1,608,769 Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,276,775 $ — $ — $ — $ 4,276,775 Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations (4) $ 3,444,674 $ — $ — $ — $ 3,444,674 Securities received as collateral $ 5,418 $ — $ — $ — $ 5,418 Liabilities: Trading liabilities: Corporate equity securities $ 1,934,469 $ 74,681 $ 38 $ — $ 2,009,188 Corporate debt securities — 1,611,994 223 — 1,612,217 Collateralized debt obligations — 4,557 — — 4,557 U.S. government and federal agency securities 2,253,055 — — — 2,253,055 Sovereign obligations 1,217,075 574,010 — — 1,791,085 Loans — 856,525 14,450 — 870,975 Derivatives 52,778 5,117,803 49,552 (4,856,618 ) 363,515 Total trading liabilities $ 5,457,377 $ 8,239,570 $ 64,263 $ (4,856,618 ) $ 8,904,592 Other secured financings $ — $ — $ 30,825 $ — $ 30,825 Obligation to return securities received as collateral $ 5,418 $ — $ — $ — $ 5,418 (1) There were no material transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year ended December 31, 2015 . During 2014, equity options presented within Trading assets and Trading liabilities of $6.1 million and $6.6 million , respectively, were transferred from Level 1 to Level 2 as adjustments were incorporated into the valuation approach for such contracts to estimate the point within the bid-ask range that meets the best estimate of fair value. (2) Represents counterparty and cash collateral netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy for positions with the same counterparty. (3) Level 3 Collateralized debt obligations increased by $33.2 million with a corresponding decrease in Level 3 Corporate debt securities from those previously reported to correct for the classification of certain positions. The total amount of Level 3 assets remained unchanged. (4) Securities comprise U.S. government securities segregated for regulatory purposes with a fair value of $453.7 million at December 31, 2014 and CFTC approved money market funds with a fair value of $545.0 million at December 31, 2014. The following is a description of the valuation basis, including valuation techniques and inputs, used in measuring our financial assets and liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis: Corporate Equity Securities • Exchange Traded Equity Securities: Exchange traded equity securities are measured based on quoted closing exchange prices, which are generally obtained from external pricing services, and are categorized within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, otherwise they are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. • Non-exchange Traded Equity Securities : Non-exchange traded equity securities are measured primarily using broker quotations, pricing data from external pricing services and prices observed for recently executed market transactions and are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Where such information is not available, non-exchange traded equity securities are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and measured using valuation techniques involving quoted prices of or market data for comparable companies, similar company ratios and multiples (e.g., price/EBITDA, price/book value), discounted cash flow analyses and transaction prices observed for subsequent financing or capital issuance by the company. When using pricing data of comparable companies, judgment must be applied to adjust the pricing data to account for differences between the measured security and the comparable security (e.g., issuer market capitalization, yield, dividend rate, geographical concentration). • Equity Warrants: Non-exchange traded equity warrants are generally categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and are measured using the Black-Scholes model with key inputs impacting the valuation including the underlying security price, implied volatility, dividend yield, interest rate curve, strike price and maturity date. Corporate Debt Securities • Corporate Bonds: Corporate bonds are measured primarily using pricing data from external pricing services and broker quotations, where available, prices observed for recently executed market transactions of comparable size, and bond spreads or credit default swap spreads of the issuer adjusted for basis differences between the swap curve and the bond curve. Corporate bonds measured using these valuation methods are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. If broker quotes, pricing data or spread data is not available, alternative valuation techniques are used including cash flow models incorporating interest rate curves, single name or index credit default swap curves for comparable issuers and recovery rate assumptions. Corporate bonds measured using alternative valuation techniques are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and comprise a limited portion of our corporate bonds. • High Yield Corporate and Convertible Bonds: A significant portion of our high yield corporate and convertible bonds are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and are measured primarily using broker quotations and pricing data from external pricing services, where available, and prices observed for recently executed market transactions of comparable size. Where pricing data is less observable, valuations are categorized within Level 3 and are based on pending transactions involving the issuer or comparable issuers, prices implied from an issuer’s subsequent financings or recapitalizations, models incorporating financial ratios and projected cash flows of the issuer and market prices for comparable issuers. Collateralized Debt Obligations Collateralized debt obligations are measured based on prices observed for recently executed market transactions of the same or similar security or based on valuations received from third party brokers or data providers and are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy depending on the observability and significance of the pricing inputs. Valuation that is based on recently executed market transactions of similar securities incorporates additional review and analysis of pricing inputs and comparability criteria including but not limited to collateral type, tranche type, rating, origination year, prepayment rates, default rates, and severities. U.S. Government and Federal Agency Securities • U.S. Treasury Securities: U.S. Treasury securities are measured based on quoted market prices and categorized within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. • U.S. Agency Issued Debt Securities: Callable and non-callable U.S. agency issued debt securities are measured primarily based on quoted market prices obtained from external pricing services. Non-callable U.S. agency securities are generally categorized within Level 1 and callable U.S. agency securities are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Municipal Securities Municipal securities are measured based on quoted prices obtained from external pricing services and are generally categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Sovereign Obligations Foreign sovereign government obligations are measured based on quoted market prices obtained from external pricing services, where available, or recently executed independent transactions of comparable size. To the extent external price quotations are not available or recent transactions have not been observed, valuation techniques incorporating interest rate yield curves and country spreads for bonds of similar issuers, seniority and maturity are used to determine fair value of sovereign bonds or obligations. Foreign sovereign government obligations are classified in Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, primarily based on the country of issuance. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities • Agency Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities: Agency residential mortgage-backed securities include mortgage pass-through securities (fixed and adjustable rate), collateralized mortgage obligations and interest-only and principal-only securities and are generally measured using market price quotations from external pricing services and categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. • Agency Residential Interest-Only and Inverse Interest-Only Securities ("Agency Inverse IOs"): The fair value of Agency Inverse IOs is estimated using expected future cash flow techniques that incorporate prepayment models and other prepayment assumptions to amortize the underlying mortgage loan collateral. We use prices observed for recently executed transactions to develop market-clearing spread and yield curve assumptions. Valuation inputs with regard to the underlying collateral incorporate weighted average coupon, loan-to-value, credit scores, geographic location, maximum and average loan size, originator, servicer, and weighted average loan age. Agency Inverse IOs are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. We also use vendor data in developing our assumptions, as appropriate. • Non-Agency Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities: Fair values are determined primarily using discounted cash flow methodologies and securities are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy based on the observability and significance of the pricing inputs used. Performance attributes of the underlying mortgage loans are evaluated to estimate pricing inputs, such as prepayment rates, default rates and the severity of credit losses. Attributes of the underlying mortgage loans that affect the pricing inputs include, but are not limited to, weighted average coupon; average and maximum loan size; loan-to-value; credit scores; documentation type; geographic location; weighted average loan age; originator; servicer; historical prepayment, default and loss severity experience of the mortgage loan pool; and delinquency rate. Yield curves used in the discounted cash flow models are based on observed market prices for comparable securities and published interest rate data to estimate market yields. Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities • Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities: Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) project loans are measured based on inputs corroborated from and benchmarked to observed prices of recent securitization transactions of similar securities with adjustments incorporating an evaluation for various factors, including prepayment speeds, default rates, and cash flow structures as well as the likelihood of pricing levels in the current market environment. Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) Delegated Underwriting and Servicing (“DUS”) mortgage-backed securities are generally measured by using prices observed for recently executed market transactions to estimate market-clearing spread levels for purposes of estimating fair value. GNMA project loan bonds and FNMA DUS mortgage-backed securities are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. • Non-Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities: Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities are measured using pricing data obtained from external pricing services and prices observed for recently executed market transactions and are categorized within Level 2 and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Other Asset-Backed Securities Other asset-backed securities include, but are not limited to, securities backed by auto loans, credit card receivables, student loans and other consumer loans and are categorized within Level 2 and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Valuations are primarily determined using pricing data obtained from external pricing services and prices observed for recently executed market transactions. Loans and Other Receivables • Corporate Loans: Corporate loans categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy are measured based on market price quotations where market price quotations from external pricing services are supported by market transaction data. Corporate loans categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are measured based on market price quotations that are considered to be less transparent, market prices for debt securities of the same creditor, and estimates of future cash flow incorporating assumptions regarding creditor default and recovery rates and consideration of the issuer’s capital structure. • Participation Certificates in Agency Residential Loans: Valuations of participation certificates in agency residential loans are based on observed market prices of recently executed purchases and sales of similar loans. The loan participation certificates are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy given the observability and volume of recently executed transactions and availability of data provider pricing. • Project Loans and Participation Certificates in GNMA Project and Construction Loans: Valuations of participation certificates in GNMA project and construction loans are based on inputs corroborated from and benchmarked to observed prices of recent securitizations of assets with similar underlying loan collateral to derive an implied spread. Securitization prices are adjusted to estimate the fair value of the loans incorporating an evaluation for various factors, including prepayment speeds, default rates, and cash flow structures as well as the likelihood of pricing levels in the current market environment. The measurements are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy given the observability and volume of recently executed transactions. • Consumer Loans and Funding Facilities: Consumer and small business whole loans and related funding facilities are valued based on observed market transactions incorporating additional valuation inputs including, but not limited to, delinquency and default rates, prepayment rates, borrower characteristics, loan risk grades and loan age. These assets are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. • Escrow and Trade Claim Receivables: Escrow and trade claim receivables are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy where fair value is estimated based on reference to market prices and implied yields of debt securities of the same or similar issuers. Escrow and trade claim receivables are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy where fair value is based on recent trade activity in the same security. Derivatives • Listed Derivative Contracts: Listed derivative contracts that are actively traded are measured based on quoted exchange prices, which are generally obtained from external pricing services, and are categorized within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Listed derivatives for which there is limited trading activity are measured based on incorporating the closing auction price of the underlying equity security, use similar valuation approaches as those applied to over-the-counter derivative contracts and are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. • OTC Derivative Contracts: Over-the-counter ("OTC") derivative contracts are generally valued using models, whose inputs reflect assumptions that we believe market participants would use in valuing the derivative in a current period transaction. Inputs to valuation models are appropriately calibrated to market data. For many OTC derivative contracts, the valuation models do not involve material subjectivity as the methodologies do not entail significant judgment and the inputs to valuation models do not involve a high degree of subjectivity as the valuation model inputs are readily observable or can be derived from actively quoted markets. OTC derivative contracts are primarily categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy given the observability and significance of the inputs to the valuation models. Where significant inputs to the valuation are unobservable, derivative instruments are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. OTC options include OTC equity, foreign exchange, interest rate and commodity options measured using various valuation models, such as the Black-Scholes, with key inputs impacting the valuation including the underlying security, foreign exchange spot rate or commodity price, implied volatility, dividend yield, interest rate curve, strike price and maturity date. Discounted cash flow models are utilized to measure certain OTC derivative contracts including the valuations of our interest rate swaps, which incorporate observable inputs related to interest rate curves, valuations of our foreign exchange forwards and swaps, which incorporate observable inputs related to foreign currency spot rates and forward curves and valuations of our commodity swaps and forwards, which incorporate observable inputs related to commodity spot prices and forward curves. Credit default swaps include both index and single-name credit default swaps. External prices are available as inputs in measuring index credit default swaps and single-name credit default swaps. For commodity and equity total return swaps, market prices are observable for the underlying asset and used as the basis for measuring the fair value of the derivative contracts. Total return swaps executed on other underlyings are measured based on valuations received from external pricing services. • National Beef Derivatives: National Beef uses futures contracts in order to reduce its exposure associated with entering into firm commitments to purchase live cattle at prices determined prior to the delivery of the cattle as well as firm commitments to sell certain beef products at sales prices determined prior to shipment. The futures contracts and their related firm purchase commitments are accounted for at fair value, which are classified as Level 1 or Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Certain firm commitments for live cattle purchases and all firm commitments for sales are treated as normal purchases and sales and therefore not marked to market. Fair values classified as Level 1 are calculated based on the quoted market prices of identical assets or liabilities compared to National Beef's cost of those same assets or liabilities. Fair values classified as Level 2 are calculated based on the difference between the contracted price for live cattle and the relevant quoted market price for live cattle futures. • Oil Futures Derivatives: Vitesse uses call and put options in order to reduce exposure to future oil price fluctuations. Vitesse accounts for the derivative instruments at fair value, which are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Fair values classified as Level 2 are determined under the income valuation technique using an option-pricing model that is based on directly or indirectly observable inputs. Investment in FXCM In January 2015, we entered into a credit agreement with FXCM, and provided FXCM a $300 million two -year senior secured term loan with rights to a variable proportion of certain distributions in connection with an FXCM sale of assets or certain other events, and to require a sale of FXCM beginning in January 2018. FXCM is an online provider of foreign exchange trading and related services. The loan had an initial interest rate of 10% per annum, increasing by 1.5% per annum each quarter, not to exceed 20.5% per annum. The variable proportion of distributions is as follows: 100% until amounts due under the loan are repaid; 50% of the next $350 million ; then 90% of the next $500 million (this was an amount initially set at a range between $500 million to $680 million and based on payments made by FXCM to us through April 16, 2015, this amount became $500 million ); and 60% of all amounts thereafter. During the year ended December 31, 2015 , we received $144.7 million of principal, interest and fees from FXCM and $192.7 million remained outstanding under the credit agreement as of December 31, 2015 . FXCM is considered a variable interest entity and our term loan with rights is a variable interest. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of FXCM because we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact FXCM’s performance. Therefore, we are not consolidating FXCM. We view the FXCM loan and associated rights as one integrated transaction; since the rights, as derivatives, are accounted for at fair value, we have elected the fair value option for the loan. The total amount of our investment in FXCM is reported within Trading assets, at fair value in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, and unrealized and realized changes in value, including the component related to interest income on the loan, are included within Principal transactions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the year ended December 31, 2015 , we recorded in Principal transactions an aggregate $491.3 million of unrealized and realized gains (losses), interest income and fees relating to our investment in FXCM. Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with FXCM is limited to the carrying value of our investment ( $625.7 million at December 31, 2015 ). We engaged an independent valuation firm to assist management in estimating the fair value of our loan and rights in FXCM. Our estimate of fair value was determined using valuation models with inputs including management’s assumptions concerning the amount and timing of expected cash flows; the loan’s implied credit rating and effective yield; implied total equity value, based primarily on the publicly traded FXCM stock price; volatility; risk-free rate; and term. Because of these inputs and the degree of judgment involved, we have categorized our investment in FXCM in Level 3. The valuation is most significantly impacted by the inputs and assumptions related to the publicly traded stock price, volatility and the time to liquidity event. A $1.00 change in the price of FXCM’s shares alone (representing about 6% of the price at December 31, 2015 after FXCM completed a one-for-ten reverse split of its common stock), would result in a change of about $15 million in this valuation, assuming no change in any other factors we considered. Likewise, a 10% change in the assumed volatility would result in a change of about $18 million in this valuation, assuming no other change in any other factors. A three month change in the estimated time to liquidity event would result in a change of about $8 million in this valuation, assuming no change in any other factors. As we adjust to fair value each quarter, we anticipate there could be volatility in the FXCM valuation, which could materially impact our results in a given period. Physical Commodities Physical commodities include base and precious metals and are measured using observable inputs including spot prices and published indices. Physical commodities are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. To facilitate the trading in precious metals we undertake leasing of such precious metals. The fees earned or paid for such leases are recorded as revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investments at Fair Value and Investments in Managed Funds Investments at fair value based on NAV and Investments in managed funds include investments in hedge funds, fund of funds, private equity funds, convertible bond funds and other funds, which are measured at the NAV of the funds provided by the fund managers and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy. Investments at fair value also include direct equity investments in private companies, which are measured at fair value using valuation techniques involving quoted prices of or market data for comparable companies, similar company ratios and multiples (e.g., price/EBITDA, price/book value), discounted cash flow analyses and transaction prices observed for subsequent financing or capital issuance by the company. Direct equity investments in private companies are categorized within Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Additionally, investments at fair value include investments in insurance contracts relating to our defined benefit plan in Germany. Fair value for the insurance contracts is determined using a third party and is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The following tables present information about our investments in entities that have the characteristics of an investment company and are measured based on NAV. (in thousands). Fair Value (1) Unfunded Commitments Redemption Frequency (if currently eligible) December 31, 2015 Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2) $ 482,570 $ — (2) Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3) 1,703 — — Fund of Funds (4) 287 94 — Equity Funds (5) 42,111 20,791 — Convertible Bond Funds (6) 326 — At Will Multi-strategy Fund (7) 113,458 — — Total $ 640,455 $ 20,885 December 31, 2014 Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2) $ 146,134 $ — Monthly/Quarterly Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3) 2,704 — — Fund of Funds (4) 323 94 — Equity Funds (5) 65,216 26,023 — Convertible Bond Funds (6) 3,355 — At Will Multi-strategy Fund (7) 105,954 — — Total $ 323,686 $ 26,117 (1) Where fair value is calculated based on NAV, fair value has been derived from each of the funds' capital statements. (2) This category includes investments in hedge funds that invest, long and short, in equity securities in domestic and international markets in both the public and private sectors. At December 31, 2015 , investments with a fair value of $107.1 million and at December 31, 2014 substantially all of the investments in this category are redeemable with 30 to 90 days prior written notice, and includes an investment in a private asset management fund managed by us with a fair value of $52.4 million and $117.2 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. At December 31, 2015 , this category also includes investments in two Folger Hill feeder funds that invest solely in a Folger Hill master fund that makes long/short equity investments, with broad industry and geographic diversification. Investment in these funds is subject to a lock-up until August 15, 2019, subject to certain release events and other withdrawal rights. Following this date, investments can be redeemed as of any calendar quarter-end with no less than 45 calendar days’ notice, subject to certain limitations. At December 31, 2015 , our investments in these two funds had an aggregate fair value of $375.5 million . (3) Includes investments in funds that invest in loans secured by a first trust deed on property, domestic and international public high yield debt, private high yield investments, senior bank loans, public leveraged equities, distressed debt, and private equity investments. There are no redemption provisions. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 , the underlying assets of 8% and 8% , respectively, of these funds are being liquidated and we are unable to estimate when the underlying assets will be fully liquidated. (4) Includes investments in fund of funds that invest in various private equity funds. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 , approximately 95% and 95% , respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category is managed by us and have no redemption provisions, instead distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the fund of funds, which are estimated to be liquidated in the next twelve months. For the remaining investments, we have requested redemption; however, we are unable to estimate when these funds will be received. (5) At December 31, 2015 and 2014 , investments representing approximately 100% and 99% , respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category include investments in equity funds that invest in the equity of various U.S. and foreign private companies in the energy, technology, internet service and telecommunication service industries. These investments cannot be redeemed, instead distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds which are expected to liquidate in one to eight years. (6) Investment in the Jefferies Umbrella Fund, an open-ended investment company managed by Jefferies that invests primarily in convertible bonds. The remaining investments are in liquidation and we are unable to estimate when the underlying assets will be fully liquidated. (7) Investment in private asset management fund managed by us that employs a variety of investment strategies and can invest in U.S. and non-U.S. equity and equity related securities, futures, exchange traded funds, fixed income securities, preferred securities, options, forward contra |