| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICAN ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SunLink and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Management Estimates —The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Some of the more significant estimates made by management involve reserves for adjustments to net patient service revenues, evaluation of the recoverability of assets, including accounts receivable and intangible assets, and the assessment of litigation and contingencies, including income taxes and related tax asset valuation allowances, all as discussed in more detail in the remainder of these notes to the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Net Patient Service Revenue — Effective July 1, 2018, the Company adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”), which supersedes most existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific healthcare guidance, by applying the full retrospective method for all periods presented. ASC 606 provides for a single comprehensive principles-based standard for the recognition of revenue across all industries through the application of the following five-step process: Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer. Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract. Step 3: Determine the transaction price. Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract. Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The adoption of the provisions of ASC 606 had no material impact on the Company’s current or historical financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Additionally, management does not anticipate that the provisions of ASC 606 will have a material impact on the amount or timing of when the Company recognizes revenue prospectively. However, in accordance with ASC 606, the Company now recognizes the majority of its previously reported provision for doubtful accounts, primarily related to its self-pay patient population, as a direct reduction to revenues as an implicit pricing concession, instead of separately as a discrete deduction to arrive at revenue, and the related presentation of the allowance for doubtful accounts has been eliminated for all periods presented. Subsequent material events that alter the payor’s ability to pay are recorded as bad debt expense. The Company’s revenue recognition and accounts receivable policies are more fully described in Note 4. Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable. SunLink’s subsidiaries have agreements with third-party payors that provide for payments at amounts different from established charges. Payment arrangements vary and include prospectively determined rates per discharge, reimbursed costs, discounted charges and per diem payments. Patient service revenues are reported as services are rendered at the estimated net realizable amounts from patients, third-party payors, and others. Estimated net realizable amounts are estimated based upon contracts with third-party payors, published reimbursement rates, and historical reimbursement percentages pertaining to each payor type. Estimated reductions in revenues to reflect agreements with third-party payors and estimated retroactive adjustments under such reimbursement agreements are accrued during the period the related services are rendered and are adjusted in future periods as interim and final settlements are determined. Significant changes in reimbursement levels for services under government and private programs could significantly impact the estimates used to accrue such revenue deductions. At June 30, 2022, there were no material claims or disputes with third-party payors. Concentrations of Credit Risk —SunLink’s Healthcare Services segment subsidiaries grant unsecured credit to their patients, most of who reside in the service area of the subsidiaries’ facilities and are insured under third-party agreements. Medicare and Medicaid patient accounts represent SunLink’s only significant concentrations of credit risk. For SunLink’s Healthcare Services segment, Medicare net revenues were approximately % and 52 % of net revenues for the years ended June 30, 20 2 2 and 20 2 1 , respectively. For SunLink’s Healthcare Services segment, Medicaid was approximately % and % net revenues for the years ended June 30, 20 2 2 and 20 2 1 , respectively. SunLink’s Pharmacy segment subsidiary grants unsecured credit to individual customers and institutional customers. Individual customers primarily are insured under third-party agreements, including Medicare and Medicaid, while the institutional customers are granted credit according to their determined credit risk. Medicare receivables were approximately 30% and 21% of the Pharmacy segment’s receivables at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, while Medicaid receivables were approximately 17% and 24% of the Pharmacy segment receivable at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash and Cash Equivalents —Cash and cash equivalents consist of all funds in banks and short-term liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash deposited with commercial banks at June 30, 2022 was $6,794, of which approximately $5,995 totaled amounts greater than the federally insured limits. At June 30, 2022, the Company’s cash equivalents included $3,338 of overnight repurchase agreements. The Company accounts for these agreements as cash equivalents in accordance with FASB ASC 305-10-20. The investing of cash in amounts greater than the insurable limits with major well-capitalized financial institutions mitigates the risk of the deposited cash and the certificate of deposit. The overnight repurchase agreements are 102% collateralized by U. S. government backed securities with the Company’s U.S. bank. The U.S. Government backed collateralized securities are of high credit quality which mitigates, but does not completely eliminate, any significant risk to the credit rating or interest rate risk of the agreements. Inventory —Inventory consists of medical and pharmacy supplies. Medical supplies are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the first-in, first-out method. Pharmacy supplies are stated at the lower of cost (standard cost method), or net realizable value. Use of this method does not result in a material difference from the methods required by GAAP. Accounts Receivable —Substantially all of SunLink’s subsidiaries’ receivables result from providing healthcare services to hospital facility patients and from providing pharmacy services and products to customers. The Company evaluates the valuation of accounts receivable based upon its historical collection trends, as well as its understanding of the nature and collectability of accounts based on their age and other factors. Government Grant Accounting —As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, SunLink subsidiaries have received grants from the U.S. government under the CARES Act as targeted Provider Relief Funds. We recognize the grants, based on the amounts of COVID-19 related costs and Lost Revenues (as defined) on a systematic and rational basis in the Consolidated Statement of Operations into other income once there is reasonable assurance that we can comply with the relevant conditions of the specific grant and the grant has been or will be received. The amount of the grant recognized into other income at any point in time is based on the terms of the grant received. Any unearned portions of the grants are deferred and shown as a current liability on our balance sheet. Property, Plant, and Equipment —Property, plant, and equipment, including equipment subject to capital leases, is recorded at cost. Depreciation is recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 45 years, on a straight-line basis. Generally, furniture and fixtures are depreciated over 5 to 10 years, machinery and equipment over 10 years, and buildings over 25 to 45 years. Leasehold improvements and leased machinery and equipment are depreciated over the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter, and range from 5 to 15 years. For the Pharmacy segment, durable medical equipment is depreciated over 3 years. Expenditures for major renewals and replacements are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expense as incurred. When property items are retired or otherwise disposed of, amounts applicable to such items are removed from the related asset and accumulated depreciation accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to income. Depreciation expense totaled $1,517 and $1,334 for the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Leases — On July 1, 2019, the Company adopted cumulative accounting standard updates initially by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) that amended the accounting for leases and are codified as ASC 842. SunLink and its subsidiaries recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms greater than 12 months or leases that contain a purchase option that is reasonably certain to be exercised. Leases are classified as either finance or operating leases. This classification whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line method over the term of the lease. Our right-of-use assets and liabilities primarily relate to office and warehouse facilities, healthcare equipment and office equipment. Certain of our facility leases include one or more option to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our option. None of our lease agreements contain material residual value guarantees. Risk Management —SunLink and its subsidiaries are exposed to various risks of loss from professional liability and other claims and casualties; theft of, damage to, and destruction of assets; business interruption; errors and omissions; employee injuries and illnesses; natural disasters (including earthquakes and hurricanes); and employee health, dental and accident benefits. Commercial insurance coverage is purchased for a portion of claims arising from such matters. When, in management’s judgment, claims are sufficiently identified, a liability is accrued for estimated costs and losses under such claims, net of estimated insurance recoveries except where applicable laws, rules or regulations require us to report the gross estimate of potential or estimated losses. The recorded liability for professional liability risks includes an estimate of liability for claims assumed at the acquisition and for claims incurred after the acquisition of a business. These amounts are based on actuarially determined estimates. The Company self-insures for workers’ compensation risk. The estimated liability for workers’ compensation risk includes estimates of the ultimate costs for both reported claims and claims incurred but not reported. The Company is also self-insured for employee health risks. The estimated liability for employee health risk includes estimates of the ultimate costs for both reported claims and claims incurred but not reported. The Company accrues an estimate of losses resulting from workers’ compensation and professional liability claims to the extent they are not covered by insurance. These accruals are estimated quarterly based upon management’s review of claims reported and historical loss data. The Company records a liability pertaining to pending litigation if it is probable a loss has been incurred and accrues the most likely amount of loss based on the information available. If no amount within the range of losses estimated from the information available is more likely than any other amount in the range of loss, the minimum amount in the range of loss is accrued. Because of uncertainties surrounding the nature of litigation and the ultimate liability to SunLink and its subsidiaries, if any, estimates are revised as additional facts become known. Long-lived Assets —SunLink and its subsidiaries periodically assesses the recoverability of assets based on its expectations of future profitability and the undiscounted cash flows of the related operations and, when circumstances dictate, adjust the carrying value of the asset to estimated fair value. These factors, along with management’s plans with respect to the operations, are considered in assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets. Goodwill and Intangibles —Goodwill represents the cost of acquired businesses in excess of fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible net assets purchased. Goodwill has an indefinite life and is not subject to periodic amortization. However, goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment, using a fair value methodology, in lieu of amortization. Definite-life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, generally for periods ranging from 2 to 30 years. SunLink and its subsidiaries evaluate the reasonableness of the useful lives of intangible assets and they are tested for impairment as conditions warrant. Income Taxes —SunLink accounts for income taxes using an asset and liability approach and the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected future tax consequences. SunLink considers all expected future events other than proposed enactments of changes in the income tax law or rates. When management determines that it is more likely than not that a portion of or none of the net deferred tax asset will be realized through future taxable earnings or implementation of tax planning strategies, management provides a valuation allowance for the portion not expected to be realized. Share-Based Compensation —The Company has issued common share options to key employees and directors under various shareholder-approved plans. Share-based compensation expense of $0 for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, was recorded in salaries, wages and benefits expense for share options issued to employees and directors of the Company. The fair value of the share options was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The historical volatility is used to calculate the estimated volatility in this model. Fair Value of Financial Instruments —The recorded values of cash, receivables, and payables approximate their fair values because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments. Similarly, the fair value of long-term debt is estimated to approximate the recorded value due to its current variable interest rate. Fair Value Measurements —Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the Company utilizes the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumption about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy). The inputs used to measure fair value are classified into the following fair value hierarchy: Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. Level Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 includes values determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques reflecting the Company’s own assumptions. In instances where the determination of the fair value hierarchy measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment of factors specific to the asset or liability. Earnings (Loss) per Share —Earnings (loss) per common share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents outstanding for each period presented, including vested and unvested shares issued under SunLink’s 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, and the 2011 Director Stock Option Plan. Common share equivalents represent the dilutive effect of the assumed exercise of the outstanding stock options. |
