SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Torotel, Inc. ("Torotel") conducts business primarily through its wholly owned subsidiary, Torotel Products, Inc. ("Torotel Products"), and until early in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016 also operated another wholly owned subsidiary, Electronika, Inc. ("Electronika") that licensed, marketed, and sold ballast transformers to the airline industry. Electronika was dissolved and its affairs wound up as of February 8, 2016. As a result of the dissolution of Electronika, Torotel no longer sells ballast transformers. Torotel specializes in the custom design and manufacture of a wide variety of precision magnetic components, consisting of transformers, inductors, reactors, chokes, toroidal coils, high voltage transformers, dry-type transformers and electro-mechanical assemblies for use in aerospace, industrial and military electronics. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Torotel, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Torotel Products, Torotel Manufacturing Corporation, and Electronika (through Electronika’s date of dissolution). All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Significant estimates used in preparing these consolidated financial statements include those assumed in computing the valuation allowance of inventory, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, the valuation allowance on deferred income tax assets, and the reserve for warranty costs. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Any changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. We grant unsecured credit to most of our customers. We do not believe that we are exposed to any extraordinary credit risk as a result of this policy. At various times, and at April 30, 2017 and 2016, cash balances exceeded federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in the cash accounts and we do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to our cash. Fair Value of Financial Instruments We determine fair value by utilizing a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three levels as follows: Level 1. Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2. Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3. Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value. The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments, including cash, trade receivables and trade accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short maturities. As of April 30, 2017 and 2016, the amount of our long-term debt approximates fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discount rate commensurate with a borrowing rate available to us. The inputs used to estimate the fair value of long-term debt are considered Level 2 inputs. Treasury Stock We utilize the weighted average cost method in accounting for treasury stock transactions. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when a fixed price contract or purchase order exists; delivery has occurred; and collection is reasonably assured. Selling terms are generally FOB Shipping Point so we consider our products delivered once they have been shipped and title and risk of loss have been transferred. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Gross trade accounts receivable are offset with an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We review the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis, and all past due balances are reviewed individually for collectability. Account balances are charged against the allowance when placed for collection. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received. The majority of the customer accounts are considered past due after the invoice becomes older than the customer's credit terms. Interest is not charged on past due accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts as of April 30, 2017 and 2016 was $12,000 and $12,000, respectively. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using a FIFO approximated weighted average cost method of valuation. Our industry is characterized by short-term customer commitments and changes in demand, as well as other market considerations. Provisions for obsolete and excess inventory are based on reviews of inventory usage, quantities on hand and latest product demand information from customers. Inventories are reviewed in detail utilizing a 12-month time horizon. Individual part numbers that have not had any usage or purchases in a 12-month time period and do not have any known usage requirements are categorized as obsolete; individual part numbers having more than a 12-month supply based on the current year's usage are categorized as excess. Once specific inventory has been identified as excess or obsolete, the cost of the identified inventory is fully reserved and the cost of the inventory is not recovered until it is sold. The reserve balance is analyzed for adequacy as part of the inventory review each quarter. The reserve for inventory as of April 30, 2017 and 2016 was $261,000 and $379,000, respectively. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided in amounts sufficient to relate the costs of depreciable assets to operations primarily using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of three to five years for equipment and three and a half to twenty years for buildings and improvements. Cash For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, we consider all short-term investments and demand deposits purchased with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash. Income Taxes Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant judgment is required in determining our annual tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions. An estimated effective tax rate for a year is applied to our quarterly operating results. In the event there is a significant or unusual item recognized in our quarterly operating results, the tax attributable to that item is separately calculated and recorded at the same time as that item. Tax law requires items to be included in our tax returns at different times than the items are reflected in our financial statements. As a result, our annual tax rate reflected in our financial statements is different than that reported in our tax returns (our cash tax rate). Some of these differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax return, and some differences reverse over time, such as depreciation expense. These temporary differences create deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in our tax returns in future years for which we have already recorded the tax benefit in our statement of operations. We establish valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense recognized in our financial statements for which payment has been deferred, or expense for which we have already taken a deduction in our tax return but have not yet recognized as expense in our financial statements. The accounting for uncertainty in income taxes requires a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. If necessary, we record a liability for the difference between the benefit recognized and measured for financial statement purposes and the tax position taken or expected to be taken on our tax return. To the extent that our assessment of such tax positions changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. If applicable in a given year, tax-related interest and penalties are classified as a component of income tax expense. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 advertising costs were $6,000 and $1,000, respectively. Warranty Costs We maintain a reserve for estimated warranty costs associated with products returned from customers. A limited warranty is provided for a period of one year which requires us to repair or replace defective products at no cost to the customer. The warranty reserve is based on historical experience and reflects management's best estimate of probable liability under the product warranties. Share-Based Compensation We have a share-based compensation plan that includes restricted stock, which is described more fully in Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We account for the share-based compensation plan in accordance with authoritative guidance under which the estimated fair value of share-based awards granted under our share-based compensation plan is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the award. New Accounting Guidance In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption permitted for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The standard will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance, and will provide companies with a single revenue recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The standard requires revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Adoption of the new rules could affect the timing of revenue recognition for certain transactions. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method, in which case the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented, or the modified retrospective method, in which case the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. The provisions of this new guidance are effective as of the beginning of Torotel’s first quarter of 2019. Torotel is currently evaluating the transition method to be used and the impact of adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. Torotel does not anticipate the impact to be material to the consolidated financial statements. The status of the implementation effort is in the preliminary stage. No significant implementation matters have been identified as needing to be addressed. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. The standard requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet rather than being separated into current and noncurrent. The standard is effective for reporting periods beginning December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted and the standard may be applied either retrospectively or on a prospective basis to all deferred tax assets and liabilities. Torotel early adopted the standard during the third quarter of fiscal year 2016 on a retrospective basis. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. ASU 2016-02 requires that a lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 requires expanded disclosures about the nature and terms of lease agreements and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. Torotel is currently evaluating the potential impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. Torotel anticipates the impact will be material to the consolidated financial statements for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, due to the building lease amendment executed on October 31, 2016. The status of the implementation effort is in the preliminary stage. No significant implementation matters have been identified as needing to be addressed. |