SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Torotel, Inc. ("Torotel") conducts business primarily through its wholly owned subsidiary, Torotel Products, Inc. ("Torotel Products"). Torotel specializes in the custom design and manufacture of a wide variety of precision magnetic components, consisting of transformers, inductors, reactors, chokes, toroidal coils, high voltage transformers, dry-type transformers and electro-mechanical assemblies for use in aerospace, industrial and military electronics. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Torotel and its wholly owned subsidiary, Torotel Products. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Significant estimates used in preparing these consolidated financial statements include those assumed in computing the valuation allowance of inventory, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, the valuation allowance on deferred income tax assets, and the reserve for warranty costs. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Any changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. We grant unsecured credit to most of our customers. We do not believe that we are exposed to any extraordinary credit risk as a result of this policy. At various times, and at April 30, 2018 and 2017, cash balances exceeded federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in the cash accounts and we do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to our cash. Fair Value of Financial Instruments We determine fair value by utilizing a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three levels as follows: Level 1. Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2. Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3. Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value. The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments, including cash, trade receivables and trade accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short maturities. As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, the amount of our long-term debt approximates fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discount rate commensurate with a borrowing rate available to us. The inputs used to estimate the fair value of long-term debt are considered Level 2 inputs. Treasury Stock We utilize the weighted average cost method in accounting for treasury stock transactions. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when a fixed price contract or purchase order exists; delivery has occurred; and collection is reasonably assured. Selling terms are generally FOB Shipping Point so we consider our products delivered once they have been shipped and title and risk of loss have been transferred. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Gross trade accounts receivable are offset with an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We review the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis, and all past due balances are reviewed individually for collectability. Account balances are charged against the allowance when placed for collection. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received. The majority of the customer accounts are considered past due after the invoice becomes older than the customer's credit terms. Interest is not charged on past due accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts as of April 30, 2018 and 2017 was $12,000 and $12,000, respectively. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using a FIFO approximated weighted average cost method of valuation. Our industry is characterized by short-term customer commitments and changes in demand, as well as other market considerations. Provisions for obsolete and excess inventory are based on reviews of inventory usage, quantities on hand and latest product demand information from customers. Inventories are reviewed in detail utilizing a 12-month time horizon. Individual part numbers that have not had any usage or purchases in a 12-month time period and do not have any known usage requirements are categorized as obsolete; individual part numbers having more than a 12-month supply based on the current year's usage are categorized as excess. Once specific inventory has been identified as excess or obsolete, the cost of the identified inventory is fully reserved and the cost of the inventory is not recovered until it is sold. The reserve balance is analyzed for adequacy as part of the inventory review each quarter. The reserve for inventory as of April 30, 2018 and 2017 was $364,000 and $261,000, respectively. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided in amounts sufficient to relate the costs of depreciable assets to operations primarily using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of three to five years for equipment and three and a half to twenty years for buildings and improvements. Cash For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, we consider all short-term investments and demand deposits purchased with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash. Income Taxes Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant judgment is required in determining our annual tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions. An estimated effective tax rate for a year is applied to our quarterly operating results. In the event there is a significant or unusual item recognized in our quarterly operating results, the tax attributable to that item is separately calculated and recorded at the same time as that item. Tax law requires items to be included in our tax returns at different times than the items are reflected in our financial statements. As a result, our annual tax rate reflected in our financial statements is different than that reported in our tax returns (our cash tax rate). Some of these differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax return, and some differences reverse over time, such as depreciation expense. These temporary differences create deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in our tax returns in future years for which we have already recorded the tax benefit in our statement of operations. We establish valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense recognized in our financial statements for which payment has been deferred, or expense for which we have already taken a deduction in our tax return but have not yet recognized as expense in our financial statements. The accounting for uncertainty in income taxes requires a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. If necessary, we record a liability for the difference between the benefit recognized and measured for financial statement purposes and the tax position taken or expected to be taken on our tax return. To the extent that our assessment of such tax positions changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. If applicable in a given year, tax-related interest and penalties are classified as a component of income tax expense. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended April 30, 2018 and 2017 advertising costs were $22,000 and $6,000, respectively. Warranty Costs We maintain a reserve for estimated warranty costs associated with products returned from customers. A limited warranty is provided for a period of one year which requires us to repair or replace defective products at no cost to the customer. The warranty reserve is based on historical experience and reflects management's best estimate of probable liability under the product warranties. Share-Based Compensation We have a share-based compensation plan that includes restricted stock, which is described more fully in Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We account for the share-based compensation plan in accordance with authoritative guidance under which the estimated fair value of share-based awards granted under our share-based compensation plan is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the award. New Accounting Guidance In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Topic 606 (“ASC 606”). The standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Torotel has evaluated the transition method to be used and the impact of adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. As part of the evaluation and transition process, no significant implementation matters have been identified as needing to be addressed. In applying ASC 606, revenue is recognized when control of promised goods or services transfers to a customer and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The major provisions of the new standard include: the determination of enforceable rights and obligations between parties; the identification of performance obligations including those related to material right obligations; the allocation of consideration based upon relative standalone selling price; accounting for variable consideration; the determination of whether performance obligations are satisfied over time or at a point in time; and enhanced disclosure requirements. ASC 606 will be effective for Torotel beginning May 1, 2018 and permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (“full retrospective method”) or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of the initial application recognized at the date of initial application (“modified retrospective method”). Torotel will adopt the standard using the full retrospective method and will record an adjustment to Retained Earnings for the effect of the initial application on April 30, 2017 for the cumulative portion earned through the end of fiscal year 2017, and will record a second adjustment on April 30, 2018 for the portion earned during fiscal year 2018 (the “Transition Adjustments”). Torotel has reviewed all of its contracts with customers and has implemented the required process, data, and system changes to comply with the requirements of ASC 606. Prior to adoption, revenue has historically been recognized when a fixed price contract or purchase order exists; delivery has occurred; and collection was reasonably assured. Upon adoption, ASC 606 will be applied by analyzing each contract, or a combination of contracts, to determine if revenue is recognized over time or at a point in time. Torotel has determined that some of its contracts will have performance obligations that are satisfied over time and some at a point in time based on when performance obligations have been satisfied by the transfer of control of the goods and services to the customer. For performance obligations that are satisfied over time, Torotel will use an input method as the basis for recognizing revenue. Input methods recognize revenue on the basis of an entity’s efforts or inputs toward satisfying a performance obligation (for example, resources consumed, labor hours expended, costs incurred, time lapsed, or machine hours used) relative to the total expected inputs to satisfy the performance obligation. Torotel will generally use costs incurred as the measure of performance; and therefore will generally not defer any production costs. Performance obligations that are not recognized over time will be recognized at the point in time when performance obligations have been satisfied by the transfer of control to the customer. ASC 606 requires Torotel to allocate contract consideration to performance obligations on the basis of their relative standalone selling price. Torotel has determined that certain contracts require a deferral of revenues due to the requirement to allocate revenue based upon relative standalone selling price. Accordingly, contract liabilities will be established at the Transition Date to defer revenue that was previously recognized under ASC 605 (“legacy GAAP”). We have completed our preliminary assessment of adopting ASC 606 on our 2018 and 2017 operating results, and have presented selected recast, unaudited financial data in the following table. The impact of adopting ASC 606 on our 2018 and 2017 operating results may not be indicative of the adoption impacts in future periods or of our operating performance. Unaudited 2018 2017 Net sales $ 18,469,000 $ 17,395,000 Earnings (loss) from operations (1,280,000) 147,000 ASC 340-40 was added by ASC 606, and becomes effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. ACC 340-40 provides guidance on contract costs that are not within the scope of other authoritative literature, and is applied to costs to obtain or fulfill a contract if existing guidance is not applicable. Torotel’s accounting for preproduction, tooling, and certain other costs is expected to continue under existing guidance, since the costs generally do not fall within the scope of ASC 340-40. Torotel anticipates that in fiscal year 2019, revenue and gross margin for certain contracts that would not have been recognized under legacy GAAP will be accelerated because of the allocation of revenue to performance obligations based upon relative standalone selling price. The enhanced disclosure requirements of ASC 606 include discussions on the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Torotel expects the disclosures to include qualitative and quantitative information about its contracts with customers; information about contract assets and liabilities; information about the performance obligation for customer contracts; and, the significant judgments made in applying the guidance in ASC 606. This will result in changes to Torotel’s existing disclosures, as well as new disclosures, which will impact the information reported in Torotel’s financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. ASU 2016-02 requires that a lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 requires expanded disclosures about the nature and terms of lease agreements and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. Torotel is currently evaluating the potential impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. Torotel anticipates the impact will be material to the consolidated financial statements for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, due to the building lease amendment executed on October 31, 2016. The status of the implementation effort is in the preliminary stage. No significant implementation matters have been identified as needing to be addressed. |