UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT
OF
REGISTERED MANAGEMENT COMPANY
Investment Company Act file number: | 811-07443 |
Name of Registrant: | Vanguard Whitehall Funds |
Address of Registrant: | P.O. Box 2600 Valley Forge, PA 19482 |
Name and address of agent for service: | Heidi Stam, Esquire P.O. Box 876 Valley Forge, PA 19482 |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (610) 669-1000
Date of fiscal year end: | October 31 |
Date of reporting period: | November 1, 2004 - October 31, 2005 |
Item 1: | Reports to Shareholders |
Vanguard® Selected Value Fund
> Annual Report
October 31, 2005
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> Vanguard Selected Value Fund returned 15% for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005. The fund outperformed the returns of its average competitor, but trailed those of its benchmark.
> Despite rising interest rates, high energy prices, international conflicts, and natural disasters, U.S. companies posted strong earnings. The broad stock market, as measured by the Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index, returned 10.8% for the 12 months.
> Strong stock selection in the consumer discretionary and consumer staples sectors accounted for about half of the fund’s total return.
Contents |
---|
|
Your Fund's Total Returns | 1 |
|
Chairman's Letter | | 2 |
|
Advisors' Report | | 7 | |
|
Fund Profile | | 9 |
|
Performance Summary | | 10 |
|
Financial Statements | | 12 | |
|
Your Fund's After-Tax Returns | | 22 |
|
About Your Fund's Expenses | | 23 |
|
Trustees Renew Advisory Agreements | | 25 |
|
Glossary | | 28 |
|
Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.
Your Fund’s Total Returns
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005 |
---|
|
| |
Vanguard Selected Value Fund | 15.0% |
|
Russell Midcap Value Index | 19.5 |
|
Average Mid-Cap Value Fund1 | 14.5 |
|
Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index | 10.8 |
|
Your Fund's Performance at a Glance
October 31, 2004-October 31, 2005
| Distributions Per Share
|
---|
| Starting Share Price | Ending Share Price | Income Dividends | Capital Gains |
---|
|
Selected Value Fund | $16.76 | $18.99 | $0.26 | $0.00 |
|
1 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
1
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Chairman’s Letter
Dear Shareholder,
Vanguard Selected Value Fund returned 15% for the 2005 fiscal year, besting the returns of its average competitor and the broad stock market, but trailing the performance of its benchmark. In a year characterized by investor uncertainty, your fund’s advisors held fast to their time-tested strategy of maintaining concentrated positions in undervalued stocks.
The tables on page 1 show the total returns for the fund and its comparative standards, and also list the fund’s distributions and share prices at the beginning and end of the 12-month period. If you hold the Selected Value Fund in a taxable account, see the table on page 22, for a report on the fund’s after-tax returns.
Investors translated mixed signals into solid stock market returns
During the 12 months ended October 31, investors grappled with a variety of discordant signals. Robust economic expansion and strong corporate earnings were one theme, but high energy prices and rising interest rates sounded a dissonant counterpoint. Optimism prevailed, and stock prices registered respectable 12-month gains.
Smaller stocks outperformed the market’s larger companies, and value-oriented stocks (those with low prices relative to earnings, book value, and other fundamental measures) outpaced growth stocks. Both trends have persisted more or less steadily
2
for the past five years. International stocks turned in excellent returns, even as the strengthening U.S. dollar reduced the gains for U.S.-based investors.
The yield curve flattened as the Fed pushed rates up
For much of the fiscal year, fixed income investors and the Federal Reserve Board seemed to be working at cross-purposes. The Fed continued to tighten monetary policy, raising its target for the federal funds rate in steps to 3.75%—an increase of 2 full percentage points over the 12 months. (On November 1, the day after the fiscal year-end, the Fed boosted its target by an additional quarter point.) While the yields of shorter-term securities followed the Fed’s lead, the rates of longer-term bonds remained unchanged, rose modestly, or even declined. This phenomenon, known as a flattening of the yield curve, reflected strong demand for long-maturity bonds and, perhaps, the market’s assessment that long-term inflation pressures remained under control.
As the yield curve flattened, prices generally fell for shorter-term bonds, and their returns lagged those of longer-term securities. In general, U.S. government bonds outperformed their corporate counterparts.
Market Barometer |
---|
| Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
|
---|
| One Year | Three Years | Five Years |
---|
|
| | | |
Stocks |
|
Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps) | 10.5% | 13.9% | -1.4% |
|
Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps) | 12.1 | 21.5 | 6.7 |
|
Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market) | 10.8 | 14.9 | -0.5 |
|
MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International) | 20.6 | 23.5 | 4.7 |
|
|
|
Bonds |
|
Lehman Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market) | 1.1% | 3.8% | 6.3% |
|
Lehman Municipal Bond Index | 2.5 | 4.6 | 6.0 |
|
Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index | 2.7 | 1.6 | 2.3 |
|
|
|
CPI |
|
Consumer Price Index | 4.3% | 3.2% | 2.7% |
|
3
Consumer-driven sectors led the way in your fund
Two consumer sectors combined to produce about half of the fund’s total returns for the fiscal year. In consumer staples, the fund held concentrated positions in a relatively low number of stocks—typical of the advisors’ style. Three of the four large holdings in this sector during the past year were tobacco companies, accounting for about 8% of the fund’s total assets. These stocks rallied throughout the year to produce sizable gains and impressive dividend yields.
Rising gas prices raised investor concerns about slowdowns in consumer spending, but the advisors’ relatively defensive positioning within the consumer discretionary sector took advantage of pockets of strength. The only common thread among holdings in this sector (ranging from funeral homes to auto parts) was their attractive valuation.
The financial services sector constitutes almost one-third of the fund’s benchmark, the Russell Midcap Value Index. While underweight relative to the benchmark, financials are still the largest single sector in the fund. The advisors have generally viewed many of the REITs and bank stocks that make up a large portion of this industry as unattractive from a valuation standpoint. Instead, they have built substantial positions in insurance companies with lower price/earnings and price/book ratios, which produced returns that were solid, though not spectacular.
Expense Ratios:1 Your fund compared with its peer group |
---|
| Fund | Average Mid-Cap Value Fund |
---|
|
Selected Value Fund | 0.51% | 1.52% |
|
1 | Fund expense ratio reflects the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2004. |
4
On a sector basis, the fund lost ground to the benchmark’s returns in materials & processing and technology—areas in which the fund had almost no exposure. But the advisors’ company-by-company analysis and bottom-up portfolio construction methods pay little heed to benchmark weightings. If a stock is deemed to be too expensive, it doesn’t matter what sector it’s in. For additional details on the fund’s holdings and positions, see the Advisors’ Report, which begins on page 7.
In May, Vanguard added Donald Smith & Co., Inc. to the Selected Value Fund’s portfolio management team, joining Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss, Inc. The portions of the fund managed by each advisor are detailed in the table below.
Your fund’s long-term record of performance is improving
Since its inception in 1996, the Selected Value Fund has generated an average annual return of 9.1%. An investment of $25,000 made in the Selected Value Fund at its inception would have grown to $58,178 by October 31, 2005. The table below shows how the same investments in the fund’s comparative measures would have fared. While the fund has outpaced the returns of the broad stock market over time, it trails the benchmark and the average return of its competitors.
The fund’s long-term underperformance relative to those standards is largely due to poor returns during its first few years. Much like a racehorse with a slow start out of the gate, the Selected Value Fund has been gaining ground on the field. The
Fund Assets Managed |
---|
| October 31, 2005
|
---|
| $ Million | Percentage |
---|
|
Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney | | |
|
& Strauss, Inc. | $3,015 | 81% |
|
Donald Smith & Co., Inc. | 601 | 16 |
|
Cash Investments1 | 91 | 3 |
|
Total | $3,707 | 100% |
|
Total Returns |
---|
| February 15, 19962 through October 31, 2005
|
---|
| Average Annual Return
| Final Value of a $25,000 Initial Investment
|
---|
Selected Value Fund | 9.1% | $58,178 |
|
Russell Midcap Value Index | 13.0 | 81,969 |
|
Average Mid-Cap Value Fund | 12.4 | 77, 484 |
|
Dow Jones Wilshire |
5000 Index | 8.4 | 54,727 |
|
1 | These short-term reserves are invested by Vanguard in equity index products to simulate investment in stocks. Each advisor may also maintain a modest cash position. |
5
fund’s annualized return in the 1990s (February 15, 1996, to December 31, 1999) was a mere 2.9%, while the average mid-capitalization value fund advanced 13% during that same period. Since then, the Selected Value Fund has returned an annualized 13.4%, outpacing the returns of the average mid-cap value fund (12.2%). With the combined depth of experience and knowledge of the fund’s advisors, we are optimistic about the future.
Diversification and a long-term view are essential in investing
As I already mentioned, the Selected Value Fund has logged an impressive performance record in the new millennium. Before that, the fund lagged its peers and the broad market. As an investor in the fund, you know that stretches of good performance can follow times of poor performance—and vice versa. Trying to anticipate the movements of the markets is a dangerous game. James Barrow, portfolio manager for Barrow, Hanley, once said that his team buys a stock based on how they anticipate it will perform over the next three or four years—not because they think it will do well next week. Keeping such a longer-term view is important.
The best protection from the inevitable bumps in the road is a well-diversified portfolio—not only across asset classes (stocks, bonds, and money markets) but within asset classes as well. By providing you with prudent and well-researched exposure to mid-cap value stocks, the Selected Value Fund can play a role in such a diversified investment plan.
Thank you for investing your assets with Vanguard.
Sincerely,
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John J. Brennan
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
November 10, 2005
6
Advisors’ Report
During the 12 months ended October 31, 2005, Vanguard Selected Value Fund returned 15.0%. This performance reflects the combined efforts of your fund’s two independent advisors. The use of two advisors provides exposure to distinct, yet complementary, investment approaches that enhance the diversification of your fund.
The advisors, the percentage of fund assets each manages, and brief descriptions of their investment strategies are presented in the table below. The advisors have also prepared a discussion of the investment environment that existed during the 2005 fiscal year and how the positioning of their respective portions of the portfolio reflects this assessment.
Barrow, Hanley,
Mewhinney & Strauss, Inc.
Portfolio Managers:
James P. Barrow, Founding Partner
Mark Giambrone, Fund Manager
During the past year, the market has experienced higher energy prices, higher interest rates, cost pressures, and natural disasters. Despite these factors, the market continued to climb the proverbial “wall of worry” and produced solid, high-teen returns.
The consumer area added significantly to our performance. We have chosen to sell or reduce positions in stocks that had meaningful returns and met our price objectives, such as Advance Auto Parts, Weight Watchers, and Dean Foods. We have subsequently started new
Vanguard Selected Value Fund Investment Advisors |
---|
Investment Advisor | Fund Assets Managed (%) | Investment Strategy |
---|
|
Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney | 81 | Fundamental research on individual stocks exhibiting |
& Strauss, Inc. | | traditional value characteristics: price/earnings and |
| | price/book ratios below the market and dividend yields |
| | above the market (S&P 500). |
|
Donald Smith & Co., Inc. | 16 | Fundamental research on the lowest price-to-tangible |
| | book value companies. Research focuses on |
| | underlying quality of book value and assets, and |
| | long-term earnings potential. |
|
Cash Investments1 | 3 | — |
|
1 | These short-term reserves are invested by Vanguard in equity index products to simulate investment in stocks. Each advisor may also maintain a modest cash position. |
7
positions or added to existing ones that are temporarily being hurt by higher fuel or input costs, such as Family Dollar Stores, Sherwin-Williams, and Royal Caribbean Cruises.
While we are confident that commodity prices in the energy markets will not collapse, we sold our position in Kerr-McGee, as it met our price objective, and are currently underweight in the energy sector. Current valuations do not appear attractive enough to establish new positions, but in a pullback, we would look to increase our weighting. We continue to find value in the health care area, where we are overweight, and are pleased to learn that WellChoice is being acquired by WellPoint at an attractive price. Additionally, we had been underweight in financial services due to the impending interest rate increase and its impact on the yield curve. However, we expect the tightening cycle to end next year and have been adding to our financial weightings.
Donald Smith & Co., Inc.
Portfolio Managers:
Donald G. Smith, Chief Investment Officer
Richard L. Greenberg, CFA, Vice President
Since our hiring six months ago, we have sought to build a concentrated portfolio of stocks that meet our strict valuation criteria. On average, the stocks in the portfolio sell below tangible book value and at only eight-times potential earnings, characteristics that are between one-half and one-third of the market levels.
The energy sector, a top performer recently, is notably absent from our portfolio. On average, these stocks sell at more than five-times book value and do not meet our investment criteria. Many of the holdings in the portfolio would benefit from lower oil prices, including technology stocks (our largest industry weighting), which tend to move inversely to energy stocks. In addition, lower energy costs would help auto suppliers, airlines, retailers, and steel and paper companies by lowering production costs, while increasing demand, as consumers would be spending less money on gas and heating fuel, and more on other products and services.
Finally, we have invested in three insurance companies selling around book value that are experiencing dramatic turnarounds.
8
Fund Profile
As of October 31, 2005
Portfolio Characteristics |
---|
| Comparative Fund | Index1 | Broad Index2 |
---|
|
Number of Stocks | 58 | 522 | 4,970 |
|
Median Market Cap | $4.3B | $6.7B | $27.0B |
|
Price/Earnings Ratio | 16.5x | 17.0x | 19.9x |
|
Price/Book Ratio | 2.0x | 2.0x | 2.7x |
|
Yield | 2.0% | 2.1% | 1.7% |
|
Return on Equity | 13.5% | 12.6% | 17.7% |
|
Earnings Growth Rate | 3.3% | 8.3% | 9.2% |
|
Foreign Holdings | 5.1% | 0.0% | 2.2% |
|
Turnover Rate | 28% | — | — |
|
Expense Ratio | 0.51% | — | — |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 3% | — | — |
|
Sector Diversification (% of portfolio) |
---|
| Fund | Comparative Index1 | Broad Index2 |
---|
|
Auto & Transportation | 6% | 3% | 3% |
|
Consumer Discretionary | 21 | 11 | 15 |
|
Consumer Staples | 7 | 7 | 7 |
|
Financial Services | 30 | 33 | 23 |
|
Health Care | 5 | 4 | 12 |
|
Integrated Oils | 4 | 1 | 4 |
|
Other Energy | 1 | 4 | 4 |
|
Materials & Processing | 3 | 8 | 4 |
|
Producer Durables | 4 | 5 | 5 |
|
Technology | 3 | 7 | 13 |
|
Utilities | 8 | 15 | 6 |
|
Other | 5 | 2 | 4 |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 3% | — | — |
|
Volatility Measures |
---|
| Fund | Comparative Index1 | Fund | Broad Index2 |
---|
|
R-Squared | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.77 | 1.00 |
|
Beta | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 1.00 |
|
Ten Largest Holdings3 (% of total net assets) |
---|
|
Marathon Oil Corp. | energy and utilities | 3.4% |
|
Tech Data Corp. | computer services | 3.1 |
|
WellChoice Inc. | health care | 3.0 |
|
Reynolds American Inc. | consumer products manufacturers | 2.7 |
|
Ryder System, Inc. | automotive and transport | 2.7 |
|
Willis Group Holdings Ltd. | insurance | 2.7 |
|
Carolina Group | consumer products manufacturers | 2.6 |
|
Whirlpool Corp. | consumer products manufacturers | 2.5 |
|
GTECH Holdings Corp. | leisure | 2.5 |
|
The Stanley Works | household products | 2.5 |
|
Top Ten | | 27.7% |
|
Investment Focus
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1 | Russell Midcap Value Index. |
2 | Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index. |
3 | “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products. |
| See page 28 for a glossary of investment terms. |
9
Performance Summary
All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (For performance data current to the most recent month-end, which may be higher or lower than that cited, visit our website at www.vanguard.com.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.
C umulative Performance: February 15, 1996–October 31, 2005
Initial Investment of $25,000
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| Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
| |
---|
| One Year | Five Years | Since Inception1 | Final Value of a $25,000 Investment |
---|
|
Selected Value Fund2 | 14.96% | 12.65% | 9.09% | $58,178 |
|
Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index | 10.77 | -0.45 | 8.41 | 54,727 |
|
Russell Midcap Value Index | 19.50 | 12.82 | 13.01 | 81,969 |
|
Average Mid-Cap Value Fund3 | 14.51 | 11.84 | 12.36 | 77,484 |
|
2 | Total return figures do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% redemption fee previously assessed on shares held for less than five years. |
3 | Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. |
10
Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): February 15, 1996–October 31, 2005
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Average Annual Total Returns for periods ended September 30, 2005
This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.
| Since Inception
|
---|
| Inception Date | One Year | Five Years | Capital | Income | Total |
---|
|
Selected Value Fund1 | 2/15/1996 | 21.95% | 14.25% | 8.22% | 1.37% | 9.59% |
|
1 | Total return figures do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% redemption fee previously assessed on shares held for less than five years. |
11
Financial Statements
Statement of Net Assets
As of October 31, 2005
The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).
Common Stocks (95.1%)1 |
---|
Auto & Transportation (5.8%) |
---|
^2 Winnebago Industries, Inc. | 2,205,700 | 64,671 |
Genuine Parts Co. | 1,360,000 | 60,343 |
Dana Corp. | 6,437,400 | 48,345 |
* Air France KLM ADR | 1,896,600 | 31,863 |
Magna International, Inc. Class A | 120,000 | 8,366 |
| | 213,588 |
Consumer Discretionary (20.4%) | |
*2 Tech Data Corp. | 3,310,467 | 114,675 |
Whirlpool Corp. | 1,185,800 | 93,085 |
GTECH Holdings Corp. | 2,862,900 | 91,155 |
The Stanley Works | 1,896,500 | 90,899 |
* Weight Watchers International, Inc. | 1,469,400 | 77,246 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd. | 1,808,600 | 74,948 |
Family Dollar Stores, Inc. | 3,115,800 | 68,984 |
Dollar General Corp. | 3,124,100 | 60,733 |
Mattel, Inc. | 2,329,900 | 34,366 |
Service Corp. International | 3,785,300 | 31,683 |
Dillard’s Inc. | 802,700 | 16,624 |
| | 754,398 |
Consumer Staples (7.3%) | |
^Reynolds American Inc. | 1,167,000 | 99,195 |
Carolina Group | 2,368,800 | 97,476 |
UST, Inc. | 1,811,200 | 74,966 |
| | 271,637 |
Financial Services (29.2%) | |
Banks—Outside New York (3.5%) | |
TCF Financial Corp. | 2,385,500 | 64,647 |
The South Financial Group, Inc. | 2,301,600 | 63,455 |
Financial Miscellaneous (2.4%) | |
Radian Group, Inc. | 1,715,000 | 89,352 |
Insurance—Multiline (7.9%) | |
* WellChoice Inc. | 1,491,700 | 112,847 |
Willis Group Holdings Ltd. | 2,649,900 | 98,417 |
UnumProvident Corp. | 2,369,800 | 48,083 |
* CNA Financial Corp. | 803,700 | 24,746 |
American Financial Group, Inc. | 269,200 | 9,201 |
American National Insurance Co. | 10,300 | 1,215 |
Insurance—Property-Casualty (2.7%) | |
Axis Capital Holdings Ltd. | 2,185,900 | 56,680 |
XL Capital Ltd. Class A | 684,500 | 43,849 |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (5.1%) | |
American Financial Realty Trust REIT | 5,938,600 | 73,104 |
Equity Office Properties Trust REIT | 2,212,100 | 68,133 |
* La Quinta Corp. REIT | 5,831,800 | 48,696 |
12
Rent & Lease Services—Commercial (2.7%) | | |
Ryder System, Inc. | 2,498,500 | 99,115 |
Savings & Loan (4.9%) | |
People’s Bank | 2,815,975 | 90,674 |
^New York Community Bancorp, Inc. | 5,291,200 | 85,559 |
Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. | 510,000 | 6,038 |
| | 1,083,811 |
Health Care (4.7%) | |
* Triad Hospitals, Inc. | 1,704,600 | 70,110 |
Universal Health Services Class B | 1,188,000 | 56,002 |
Valeant Pharmaceuticals International | 1,696,400 | 29,110 |
* HealthSouth Corp. | 5,089,200 | 20,866 |
| | 176,088 |
Integrated Oils (3.4%) | |
Marathon Oil Corp. | 2,074,700 | 124,814 |
Other Energy (1.3%) | |
* Reliant Energy, Inc. | 3,900,600 | 49,538 |
Materials & Processing (2.9%) | |
Sherwin-Williams Co. | 1,302,500 | 55,421 |
United States Steel Corp. | 1,400,000 | 51,142 |
| | 106,563 |
Producer Durables (4.2%) | |
American Power Conversion Corp. | 3,709,900 | 79,355 |
Goodrich Corp. | 2,147,500 | 77,460 |
| | 156,815 |
Technology (2.4%) | |
* Micron Technology, Inc. | 4,000,000 | 51,960 |
* Solectron Corp. | 10,257,000 | 36,207 |
| | 88,167 |
Utilities (8.4%) | |
Xcel Energy, Inc. | 4,875,100 | 89,361 |
Pinnacle West Capital Corp. | 1,981,600 | 82,752 |
CenterPoint Energy Inc. | 6,092,200 | 80,661 |
MDU Resources Group, Inc. | 948,100 | 31,259 |
FirstEnergy Corp. | 557,100 | 26,462 |
| | 310,495 |
Other (5.1%) | |
Hillenbrand Industries, Inc. | 1,172,300 | 54,008 |
2 Domtar Inc. | 11,899,400 | 50,215 |
ITT Industries, Inc. | 482,900 | 49,063 |
Brunswick Corp. | 956,200 | 36,460 |
| | 189,746 |
Total Common Stocks (Cost $3,149,810) | | 3,525,660 |
Temporary Cash Investments (6.7%)1 | |
Money Market Fund (6.6%) | |
3 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851% | 210,047,876 | 210,048 |
3 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851%—Note G | 34,366,900 | 34,367 |
| | 244,415 |
| Face | |
| Amount | |
| ($000) | |
U.S. Agency Obligation (0.1%) | |
4 Federal National Mortgage Assn 5 3.969%, 1/11/06 | 5,000 | 4,961 |
Total Temporary Cash Investments (Cost $249,376) | | 249,376 |
Total Investments (101.8%) (Cost $3,399,186) | | 3,775,036 |
Other Assets and Liabilities—Net (–1.8%) | | (68,518) |
Net Assets (100%) | |
Applicable to 195,189,743 outstanding $.001 par value shares of beneficial interest (unlimited authorization) | | 3,706,518 |
Net asset value per share | | $18.99 |
13
Market Value• ($000) |
---|
|
Statement of Assets and Liabilities | |
|
Assets |
|
Investments in Securities, at Value | 3,775,036 |
|
Receivables for Investment Securities Sold | 31,603 |
|
Other Assets—Note C | 11,781 |
|
Total Assets | 3,818,420 |
|
Liabilities |
|
Payables for Investment Securities Purchased | 70,802 |
|
Security Lending Collateral Payable to Brokers—Note G | 34,367 |
|
Other Liabilities | 6,733 |
|
Total Liabilities | 111,902 |
|
Net Assets (100%) | 3,706,518 |
|
At October 31, 2005, net assets consisted of:6 |
---|
| Amount ($000) | Per Share |
---|
|
Paid-in Capital | 3,123,503 | $16.01 |
|
Undistributed Net Investment Income | 39,642 | .20 |
|
Accumulated Net Realized Gains | 168,747 | .86 |
|
Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | | |
|
Investment Securities | 375,850 | 1.93 |
|
Futures Contracts | (1,224) | (.01) |
|
Net Assets | 3,706,518 | $18.99 |
|
• | See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements. |
* | Non-income-producing security. |
^ | Part of security position is on loan to broker/dealers. See Note G in Notes to Financial Statements. |
1 | The fund invests a portion of its cash reserves in equity markets through the use of index futures contracts. After giving effect to futures investments, the fund’s effective common stock and temporary cash investment positions represent 97.8% and 4.0%, respectively, of net assets. See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements. |
2 | Considered an affiliated company of the fund as the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of such company. See Note I in Notes to Financial Statements. |
3 | Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield. |
4 | The issuer operates under a congressional charter; its securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. government. If needed, access to additional funding from the U.S. Treasury (beyond the issuer’s line of credit) would require congressional action. |
5 | Securities with a value of $4,961,000 have been segregated as initial margin for open futures contracts. |
6 | See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets. ADR—American Depositary Receipt. |
ADR— | American Depositary Receipt. |
REIT— | Real Estate Investment Trust. |
14
Statement of Operations
| Year Ended October 31, 2005
|
---|
($000)
|
---|
| |
Investment Income |
|
Income |
|
Dividends1 | 62,201 |
|
Interest1 | 5,768 |
|
Security Lending | 76 |
|
Total Income | 68,045 |
|
Expenses |
|
Investment Advisory Fees—Note B |
|
Basic Fee | 6,188 |
|
Performance Adjustment | (718) |
|
The Vanguard Group—Note C |
|
Management and Administrative | 9,003 |
|
Marketing and Distribution | 433 |
|
Custodian Fees | 40 |
|
Auditing Fees | 16 |
|
Shareholders' Reports | 34 |
|
Trustees' Fees and Expenses | 4 |
|
Total Expenses | 15,000 |
|
Expenses Paid Indirectly—Note D | (471) |
|
Net Expenses | 14,529 |
|
Net Investment Income | 53,516 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) |
|
Investment Securities Sold1 | 218,076 |
|
Futures Contracts | 247 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | 218,323 |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) |
|
Investment Securities | 32,238 |
|
Futures Contracts | (1,224) |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | 31,014 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 302,853 |
|
1 | Dividend income, interest income, and realized net gain (loss) from affiliated companies of the fund were $428,000, $5,643,000, and $0, respectively. |
15
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005 ($000) | 2004 ($000)
|
---|
|
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets | | |
|
Operations |
|
Net Investment Income | 53,516 | 28,567 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | 218,323 | 20,689 |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | 31,014 | 237,876 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 302,853 | 287,132 |
|
Distributions |
|
Net Investment Income | (32,156) | (23,825) |
|
Realized Capital Gain | — | — |
|
Total Distributions | (32,156) | (23,825) |
|
Capital Share Transactions—Note H |
|
Issued | 1,772,470 | 543,581 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | 27,953 | 20,860 |
|
Redeemed1 | (289,111) | (168,401) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions | 1,511,312 | 396,040 |
|
Total Increase (Decrease) | 1,782,009 | 659,347 |
|
Net Assets |
|
Beginning of Period | 1,924,509 | 1,265,162 |
|
End of Period2 | 3,706,518 | 1,924,509 |
|
1 | Net of redemption fees of $985,000 and $683,000. |
2 | Including undistributed net investment income of $39,642,000 and $19,888,000. |
16
Financial Highlights
Selected Value Fund |
---|
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 |
---|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $16.76 | $14.10 | $11.27 | $12.07 | $11.42 |
|
Investment Operations |
|
Net Investment Income | .30 | .26 | .25 | .21 | .15 |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments1 | 2.19 | 2.66 | 2.82 | (.84) | .74 |
|
Total from Investment Operations | 2.49 | 2.92 | 3.07 | (.63) | .89 |
|
Distributions |
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income | (.26) | (.26) | (.24) | (.17) | (.24) |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains | — | — | — | — |
|
Total Distributions | (.26) | (.26) | (.24) | (.17) | (.24) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $18.99 | $16.76 | $14.10 | $11.27 | $12.07 |
|
Total Return2 | 14.96% | 20.94% | 27.74% | -5.38% | 7.95% |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) | $3,707 | $1,925 | $1,265 | $1,058 | $903 |
|
Ratio of Total Expenses to |
|
Average Net Assets3 | 0.51% | 0.60% | 0.78% | 0.74% | 0.70% |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to |
|
Average Net Assets | 1.81% | 1.78% | 2.05% | 1.63% | 1.67% |
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate | 28% | 35% | 40% | 50% | 67% |
|
1 | Includes increases from redemption fees of $.01, $.01, $.01, $.01, and $.00. |
2 | Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% fee assessed until March 23, 2005, on shares purchased on or after August 7, 2001, and held for less than five years. |
3 | Includes performance-based investment advisory fee increases (decreases) of (0.02%), 0.01%, 0.11%, 0.06%, and (0.03%). |
| See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements. |
17
Notes to Financial Statements
Vanguard Selected Value Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund.
A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.
1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued by methods deemed by the board of trustees to represent fair value. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value. Temporary cash investments acquired over 60 days to maturity are valued using the latest bid prices or using valuations based on a matrix system (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities, and ratings), both as furnished by independent pricing services. Other temporary cash investments are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value.
2. Futures Contracts: The fund uses index futures contracts to a limited extent, with the objective of maintaining full exposure to the stock market while maintaining liquidity. The fund may purchase or sell futures contracts to achieve a desired level of investment, whether to accommodate portfolio turnover or cash flows from capital share transactions. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts are imperfect correlation between changes in market values of stocks held by the fund and the prices of futures contracts, and the possibility of an illiquid market.
Futures contracts are valued at their quoted daily settlement prices. The aggregate principal amounts of the contracts are not recorded in the financial statements. Fluctuations in the value of the contracts are recorded in the Statement of Net Assets as an asset (liability) and in the Statement of Operations as unrealized appreciation (depreciation) until the contracts are closed, when they are recorded as realized futures gains (losses).
3. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.
4. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
5. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.
6. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.
18
B. Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss, Inc. and, beginning May 23, 2005, Donald Smith & Co., each provide investment advisory services to a portion of the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets managed by the advisor. The basic fee for Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss, Inc. is subject to quarterly adjustments based on performance for the preceding three years relative to the Russell Midcap Value Index. In accordance with the advisory contract entered into with Donald Smith & Co. in May 2005, the investment advisory fee will be subject to quarterly adjustments based on performance relative to the MSCI Investable Market 2500 Index beginning May 1, 2006.
The Vanguard Group manages the cash reserves of the fund on an at-cost basis.
For the year ended October 31, 2005, the aggregate investment advisory fee represented an effective annual basic rate of 0.21% of the fund’s average net assets before a decrease of $718,000 (0.02%) based on performance.
C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At October 31, 2005, the fund had contributed capital of $451,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.45% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.
D. The fund has asked its investment advisors to direct certain security trades, subject to obtaining the best price and execution, to brokers who have agreed to rebate to the fund part of the commissions generated. Such rebates are used solely to reduce the fund’s management and administrative expenses. The fund’s custodian bank has also agreed to reduce its fees when the fund maintains cash on deposit in the non-interest-bearing custody account. For the year ended October 31, 2005, these arrangements reduced the fund’s management and administrative expenses by $468,000 and custodian fees by $3,000. The total expense reduction represented an effective annual rate of 0.02% of the fund’s average net assets.
E. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes.
The fund used a tax accounting practice to treat a portion of the price of capital shares redeemed during the year as distributions from net investment income and realized capital gains. Accordingly, the fund has reclassified $1,606,000 from undistributed net investment income, and $5,057,000 from accumulated net realized gains, to paid-in capital.
The fund used a capital loss carryforward of $44,453,000 to offset taxable capital gains realized during the year ended October 31, 2005, reducing the amount of capital gains that would otherwise be available to distribute to shareholders. For tax purposes, at October 31, 2005, the fund had $90,336,000 of ordinary income and $119,339,000 of long-term capital gains available for distribution.
19
At October 31, 2005, net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $375,850,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $530,894,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $155,044,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.
At October 31, 2005, the aggregate settlement value of open futures contracts expiring in December 2005 and the related unrealized appreciation (depreciation) were:
| ($000)
|
---|
Futures Contracts | Number of Long Contracts | Aggregate Settlement Value | Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) |
---|
|
S&P 500 Index | 235 | 71,076 | (1,618) |
|
E-mini S&P 500 Index | 460 | 27,825 | 394 |
|
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on open futures contracts is required to be treated as realized gain (loss) for tax purposes.
F. During the year ended October 31, 2005, the fund purchased $2,228,059,000 of investment securities and sold $777,089,000 of investment securities, other than temporary cash investments.
G. The market value of securities on loan to broker/dealers at October 31, 2005, was $33,818,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $34,367,000.
H. Capital shares issued and redeemed were:
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005 (000) | 2004 (000) |
---|
|
Issued | 94,115 | 34,510 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | 1,569 | 1,398 |
|
Redeemed | (15,288) | (10,845) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Shares Outstanding | 80,396 | 25,063 |
|
I. Certain of the fund’s investments are in companies that are considered to be affiliated companies of the fund because the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of the company. Transactions during the period in securities of these companies were as follows:
| Current Period Transactions
| |
---|
| Oct. 31, 2004 Market Value ($000) | Purchases at Cost ($000) | Proceeds from Securities Sold ($000) | Dividend Income ($000) | Oct. 31, 2005 Market Value ($000) |
---|
|
Domtar Inc. | -- | 73,048 | -- | 179 | 50,215 |
|
Tech Data Corp. | -- | 119,088 | -- | -- | 114,675 |
|
Winnebago Industries, Inc. | -- | 68,807 | -- | 249 | 64,671 |
|
| | | | 428 | 229,561 |
|
|
20
Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Trustees of Vanguard Selected Value Fund:
In our opinion, the accompanying statement of net assets and statement of assets and liabilities and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vanguard Selected Value Fund (the “Fund”) at October 31, 2005, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the Fund’s management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of securities at October 31, 2005 by correspondence with the custodian and broker, and by agreement to the underlying ownership records for Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
December 9, 2005
Special 2005 tax information (unaudited) for Vanguard Selected Value Fund
This information for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005, is included pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.
The fund distributed $3,605,000 as capital gain dividends (from net long-term gains) to shareholders during the fiscal year.
The fund distributed $32,156,000 of qualified dividend income to shareholders during the fiscal year.
For corporate shareholders, 48.7% of investment income (dividend income plus short-term gains, if any) qualifies for the dividends-received deduction.
21
Your Fund’s After-Tax Returns
This table presents returns for your fund both before and after taxes. The after-tax returns are shown in two ways: (1) assuming that an investor owned the fund during the entire period and paid taxes on the fund’s distributions, and (2) assuming that an investor paid taxes on the fund’s distributions and sold all shares at the end of each period.
Calculations are based on the highest individual federal income tax and capital gains tax rates in effect at the times of the distributions and the hypothetical sales. State and local taxes were not considered. After-tax returns reflect the reduced tax rates on ordinary income (including qualified dividend income) and short-term capital gains that became effective as of January 1, 2003, and on long-term capital gains realized on or after May 6, 2003. To calculate qualified dividend income, we use actual prior-year figures and estimates for 2005. (In the example, returns after the sale of fund shares may be higher than those assuming no sale. This occurs when the sale would have produced a capital loss. The calculation assumes that the investor received a tax deduction for the loss.) Please note that your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. Also note that if you own the fund in a tax-deferred account, such as an individual retirement account or a 401(k) plan, this information does not apply to you. Such accounts are not subject to current taxes. Finally, keep in mind that a fund’s performance—whether before or after taxes—does not guarantee future results.
Average Annual Total Returns: Selected Value Fund1 Periods Ended October 31, 2005 |
---|
| One Year | Five Years | Since Inception2 |
---|
|
Returns Before Taxes | 14.96% | 12.65% | 9.09% |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions | 14.71 | 12.06 | 8.40 |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 10.02 | 10.71 | 7.61 |
|
1 | Total return figures do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% redemption fee previously assessed on shares held for less than five years. |
22
About Your Fund’s Expenses
As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund. A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period. The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:
• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”
• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.
Six Months Ended October 31, 2005 |
---|
Selected Value Fund | Beginning Account Value 4/30/2005 | Ending Account Value 10/31/2005 | Expenses Paid During Period1 |
---|
|
Based on Actual Fund Return | 1,000.00 | $1,040.55 | $2.52 |
|
Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return | 1,000.00 | 1,022.74 | 2.50 |
|
Note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only; they do not include your fund’s low-balance fee or the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year. These fees are fully described in the prospectus. If the fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”
1 | The calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratio for that period was 0.49%. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period. |
23
The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.
You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios for the past five years, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to the appropriate fund prospectus.
24
Trustees Renew Advisory Agreements
The board of trustees of Vanguard Selected Value Fund adopted a new multimanager advisory structure for the fund. Donald Smith & Co., Inc., joined Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss, Inc., in managing the fund, effective May 23, 2005. In addition, the board approved an amended investment advisory agreement with Barrow, Hanley, effective August 1, 2005. The amended agreement contains a new advisory fee schedule that increases the fee paid to Barrow, Hanley. The board determined that adopting the new multimanager advisory structure; retaining Barrow, Hanley; and amending Barrow, Hanley’s fee schedule were in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.
The board based its decisions upon an evaluation of each advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreements. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.
Nature, extent, and quality of services
The board considered the benefits to shareholders of continuing to retain Barrow, Hanley as an advisor to the fund and adding Donald Smith & Co. as a second advisor, particularly in light of the nature, extent, and quality of services provided by Barrow, Hanley and Donald Smith & Co.
With regard to Barrow, Hanley, the board considered the quality of investment management to the fund over both short- and long-term periods and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the firm. The board concluded that the existing advisory fee schedule had been in place for many years and that it should be adjusted to reflect the value of Barrow, Hanley’s services and the firm’s need to maintain an expanded portfolio management team to manage a very large fund in the value-oriented market segment. With respect to Donald Smith & Co., the board noted that the team responsible for implementing the firm’s investment strategy has more than two decades of investment experience, and that the firm specializes in managing value equity portfolios similar to that of the Selected Value Fund. The board also concluded that adding Donald Smith & Co. as an advisor would allow the fund to retain its character as a diversified mid-cap value stock offering.
Investment performance
The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of relevant benchmarks and peer groups. The board concluded that with Barrow, Hanley as its advisor the fund has consistently outperformed the average mid-cap value fund. Further, the board concluded that Donald Smith & Co.‘s other investment portfolios have strong investment returns and have posted competitive results by outperforming both the fund’s benchmark and the fund’s peer group over various short- and long-term periods. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.
25
Cost
The board considered the cost of services to be provided, including consideration of competitive fee rates and the fact that, after the implementation of the amended agreement with Barrow, Hanley and the added advisory agreement with Donald Smith & Co., the fund’s advisory fee and expense ratio remain below the advisory fee rates and expense ratios of the fund’s peers. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate. The board did not consider profitability of Barrow, Hanley or Donald Smith & Co. in determining whether to approve the advisory fees, because both firms are independent of Vanguard and the advisory fees are the result of arm’s-length negotiations.
The benefit of economies of scale
The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedules. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.
The Barrow, Hanley advisory agreement will continue for one year and the Donald Smith & Co. agreement for two years. The agreements are renewable by the fund’s board after that for successive one-year periods.
26
Vanguard’s Policies for Managing Changes to Investment Advisory Arrangements
The boards of trustees of the Vanguard funds and Vanguard have adopted practical and cost-effective policies for managing the funds’ arrangements with their unaffiliated investment advisors, as permitted by an order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Background
In 1993, Vanguard was among the first mutual fund companies to streamline the process of changing a fund’s investment advisory arrangements. In essence, the SEC order enabled the boards of the Vanguard funds to enter into new or revised advisory arrangements without the delay and expense of a shareholder vote. This ability, which is subject to a number of SEC conditions designed to protect shareholder interests, has saved the Vanguard funds and their shareholders several million dollars in proxy costs since 1993. It has also enabled the funds’ trustees to quickly implement advisory changes in the best interest of shareholders. Over the past 12 years, as the SEC gained experience in this area, it has granted more flexible conditions to other fund companies. Consequently, Vanguard received the SEC’s permission to update its policies concerning its arrangements with outside investment advisors.
Our updated policies
Vanguard is adopting several additional practical and cost-effective policies in managing the Vanguard funds’ investment advisory arrangements:
Statement of Additional Information (SAI). Vanguard funds that employ an unaffiliated investment advisor will now show advisory fee information on an aggregate basis in their SAIs. (A fund’s SAI provides more detailed information than its prospectus and is available to investors online at Vanguard.com® or upon request.) Previously, separate fee schedules were presented for each unaffiliated advisor. Each fund’s SAI will also include the amount paid by the fund for any investment advisory services provided on an at-cost basis by The Vanguard Group. Reporting advisory fees in this manner is the same approach used by other fund companies that have received SEC exemptive orders.
Shareholder notification. Like other fund companies, Vanguard will have up to 90 days after a fund enters into a new advisory agreement to notify shareholders of the change. Previously, shareholders were notified at least 30 days before any such change, if possible. In practice, Vanguard expects to continue notifying shareholders of advisory changes as soon as is practical, taking into account opportunities to reduce postage expenses by enclosing notices with previously scheduled mailings.
Redemption fees. Vanguard Selected Value Fund charges a redemption fee on shares redeemed within one year of purchase. Previously, redemption fees were required to be waived for 90 days after giving notice of a fund advisory change. The SEC has not generally applied this requirement to other fund companies and has now eliminated it for Vanguard. (Redemption fees—which are paid to the fund, not to Vanguard—are designed to ensure that short-term investors pay their fair share of a fund’s transaction costs.)
27
Glossary
Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.
Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.
Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.
Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund’s equity assets represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.
Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.
Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.
Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.
R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.
Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.
Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.
Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.
Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.
28
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The People Who Govern Your Fund
The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.
A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.
Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.
Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee
John J. Brennan1
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Born 1954 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee since May 1987 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Director/ Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
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IndependentTrustees |
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Charles D. Ellis
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Born 1937 Trustee since January 2001 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. |
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Rajiv L. Gupta
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Born 1945 Trustee since December 20012 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified manufacturing and services) (since 2005); Trustee of Drexel University and of the Chemical Heritage Foundation. |
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JoAnn Heffernan Heisen
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Born 1950 Trustee since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Vice President, Chief Information Officer, and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson & Johnson (pharmaceuticals/ consumer products); Director of the University Medical Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute. |
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André F. Perold
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Born 1952 Trustee since December 2004 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School (since 2000); Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) (since 2003); Director of registered investment companies advised by Merrill Lynch Investment Managers and affiliates (1985–2004), Genbel Securities Limited (South African financial services firm) (1999–2003), Gensec Bank (1999–2003), Sanlam Investment Management (1999–2001), Sanlam, Ltd. (South African insurance company) (2001–2003), Stockback, Inc. (credit card firm) (2000–2002), and Bulldogresearch.com (investment research) (1999–2001); and Trustee of Commonfund (investment management) (1989–2001). |
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Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.
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Born 1941 Trustee since January 1993 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services); Director of Standard Products Company (supplier for the automotive industry) until 1998. |
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J. Lawrence Wilson
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Born 1936 Trustee since April 1985 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines), MeadWestvaco Corp. (packaging products), and AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of Culver Educational Foundation. |
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Executive Officers1 |
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Heidi Stam
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Born 1956 Secretary since July 2005 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group since November 1997; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since July 2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group since July 2005. |
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Thomas J. Higgins
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Born 1957 Treasurer since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
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Vanguard Senior Management Team |
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R. Gregory Barton |
Mortimer J. Buckley |
James H. Gately |
Kathleen C. Gubanich |
F. William McNabb, III |
Michael S. Miller |
Ralph K. Packard |
George U. Sauter
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Founder |
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John C. Bogle
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974-1996 |
1 | Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940. |
2 | December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds. |
| More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group. |
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P.O. Box 2600 Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 |
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Connect with Vanguard™> www.vanguard.com | |
|
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|
Fund Information > 800-662-7447 | Vanguard, Vanguard.com, Connect with Vanguard, |
| and the ship logo are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
|
Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739 | |
|
Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036 | |
| All other marks are the exclusive property of their respective owners. |
|
Text Telephone > 800-952-3335 |
|
| All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc. or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted. |
|
|
This material may be used in conjunction with the offering | You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard's proxy voting |
of shares of any Vanguard fund only if preceded | guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com, |
or accompanied by the fund's current prospectus. | and searching for "proxy voting guidelines," or by calling |
| Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from |
| the SEC's website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may |
| obtain a free report on how the fund voted the proxies for |
| securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30. |
| To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com or |
| www.sec.gov. |
|
|
| You can review and copy information about your fund |
| at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. |
| To find out more about this public service, call the SEC |
| at 202-942-8090. Information about your fund is also |
| available on the SEC's website, and you can receive |
| copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a |
| request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to |
| publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the |
| Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102. |
|
|
|
|
|
| © 2005 The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
| All rights reserved. |
| Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor. |
|
| Q9340 122005 |
Vanguard® Mid-Cap Growth Fund
> Annual Report
October 31, 2005
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> Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund returned 16.1% for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005, beating the performances of its benchmark, the broad stock market, and its average mutual fund competitor.
> Like the broad stock market, your fund started the fiscal year well, stalled at the midpoint, then mounted a second-half recovery.
> Four sectors—“other energy,” utilities, technology, and health care—accounted for most of your fund’s total returns.
Contents | |
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Your Fund's Total Returns | 1 |
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Chairman's Letter | 2 |
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Advisor's Report | 7 |
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Fund Profile | 9 |
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Performance Summary | 10 |
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Financial Statements | 12 |
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Your Fund's After-Tax Returns | 20 |
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About Your Fund's Expenses | 21 |
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Trustees Renew Advisory Agreement | 23 |
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Glossary | 25 |
|
Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.
Your Fund’s Total Returns
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005 | |
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Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 16.1% |
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Russell Midcap Growth Index | 15.9 |
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Average Mid-Cap Growth Fund1 | 14.1 |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index | 10.8 |
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Your Fund's Performance at a Glance October 31, 2004-October 31, 2005 | | | | |
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| | | Distributions Per Share
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| Starting Share Price | Ending Share Price | Income Dividends | Capital Gains |
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Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund | $14.28 | $16.58 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
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1 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
1
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Chairman’s Lette r
Dear Shareholder,
The Mid-Cap Growth Fund returned 16.1% for the 12 months ended October 31, 2005, a marked improvement over last fiscal year’s relatively flat return (0.4%). Your fund edged the return of its benchmark and outperformed the returns of its peer-group average and the broad U.S. stock market.
The top table on page 1 shows the fund’s fiscal-year returns, along with those of its comparative measures. The fund did not make any income or capital gains distributions during the period; thus, its total return was made up only of capital change. Information about the fund’s starting and ending net asset values is also included in a table on page 1. If you own the Mid-Cap Growth Fund in a taxable account, you may wish to review our report on the fund’s after-tax returns on page 20.
Investors translated mixed signals into solid stock market returns
During the 12 months ended October 31, investors grappled with a variety of discordant signals: Robust economic expansion and strong corporate earnings were one theme, but high energy prices and rising interest rates sounded a dissonant counterpoint. Optimism prevailed, and stock prices registered respectable 12-month gains.
Smaller stocks outperformed the market’s larger companies, and value-oriented stocks (those with low prices relative to earnings, book value, and other fundamental
2
measures) outpaced growth stocks. Both trends have persisted more or less steadily for the past five years. International stocks turned in excellent returns, even as the strengthening U.S. dollar reduced the gains for U.S.-based investors.
The yield curve flattened as Fed pushed short-term rates up
For much of the fiscal year, fixed income investors and the Federal Reserve Board seemed to be working at cross-purposes. The Fed continued to tighten monetary policy, raising its target for the federal funds rate in steps to 3.75%—an increase of 2 full percentage points over the 12 months. (On November 1, the day after the end of the fiscal year, the Fed boosted its target by an additional quarter-point.)
While the yields of shorter-term securities followed the Fed’s lead, the rates of longer-term bonds remained unchanged, rose modestly, or even declined. This phenomenon, known as a flattening of the yield curve, reflected strong demand for long-maturity bonds and, perhaps, the market’s assessment that long-term inflation pressures remained under control.
Market Barometer | | | |
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| Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
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| One Year
| Three Years | Five Years |
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Stocks | | | |
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Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps) | 10.5% | 13.9% | -1.4% |
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Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps) | 12.1 | 21.5 | 6.7 |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market) | 10.8 | 14.9 | -0.5 |
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MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International) | 20.6 | 23.5 | 4.7 |
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Bonds |
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Lehman Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market) | 1.1% | 3.8% | 6.3% |
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Lehman Municipal Bond Index | 2.5 | 4.6 | 6.0 |
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Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index | 2.7 | 1.6 | 2.3 |
|
CPI |
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Consumer Price Index | 4.3% | 3.2% | 2.7% |
|
3
As the yield curve flattened, prices generally fell for shorter-term bonds, and their returns lagged those of longer-term securities. In general, government bonds outperformed their corporate counterparts.
Your fund found growth in concentrated areas
Your fund’s advisor, Provident Investment Counsel, positioned the portfolio to benefit from concentrated areas of growth during the fiscal year. Almost 90% of the fund’s total returns came from only four sectors: “other energy,” utilities, technology, and health care.
As I mentioned previously, historically high energy prices resounded throughout the fiscal year. This hampered growth in some areas, but spurred other sectors to stellar performance. The Mid-Cap Growth Fund’s holdings in the “other energy” sector averaged returns of nearly 90%. Composed largely of oil drilling and exploration companies, the fund’s holdings in this area also include exposure to coal—a fuel source the advisor believes will continue to grow in importance as demand for energy increases.
Utilities stocks usually assume a supporting role in a growth portfolio (indeed, they made up only about one-sixteenth of the fund’s total holdings), but they produced sizable returns, largely due to the performance of two wireless service providers.
In technology, one of the fund’s largest sectors, positive performance was driven by software, services, chip, and circuit-maker stocks. Several of the software companies, including Macromedia and Adobe, figure as integral players in the
Total Returns | | |
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December 31,1997,1 Through October 31, 2005
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| Average Annual Return
| Final Value of a $10,000 Initial Investment
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Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 11.2% | $22,920 |
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Russell Midcap Growth Index | 6.0 | 15,812 |
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Average Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 6.3 | 16,189 |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index | 4.9 | 14,494 |
|
1 Inception date. advisor’s investment case for continued growth opportunities in the Internet and digital media areas. In health care, the strongest returns came from the services area—insurance and pharmaceutical benefits managers.
4
The consumer discretionary sector is one of the most sensitive to slowdowns in consumer spending. It’s also one of the largest sectors in the fund. Rising prices at the gas pumps meant less money for consumers to spend elsewhere. Although the fund’s holdings included a number of high-end retailers that are relatively immune to the impact of higher fuel prices, the sector still posted a negative return for the year. For more details on your fund’s performance and individual securities, see the Advisor’s Report on page 7.
Building an impressive long-term performance record
The table on page 4 shows that a hypothetical investment of $10,000 in the Mid-Cap Growth Fund at the time of the fund’s inception would have grown to $22,920 by October 31, 2005. As you can see, this compares favorably with the results of the fund’s benchmark, its peer group, and the broad U.S. stock market. The fund’s average annual return of 11.2% includes periods of poor performance and stretches of outstanding performance. You know firsthand that the road has been bumpy at times, but along the way, the fund has compiled a strong long-term performance record.
The fund’s performance is a testament to the thorough research and portfolio management skills of Provident Investment Counsel. In addition, your
Expense Ratios:1 Your fund compared with its peer group | |
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| Growth Fund | Average Mid-Cap Fund |
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Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 0.44% | 1.68% |
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1 Fund expense ratio reflects the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2004.
5
fund’s below-average expense ratio of 0.44% allows you to keep a greater share of the fund’s returns. For more information about the fund’s expenses, see page 21.
Diversification across and within asset classes is key
Provident Investment Counsel seeks to identify and invest in areas of potential growth among mid-capitalization stocks. This year, their strategy was a success, and, as I said before, the fund’s long-term record remains solid. In the fund’s Sector Diversification table on page 9, you’ll note the fund has a relatively large exposure to traditional growth areas such as tech and health care, while it has limited exposure to areas such as consumer staples and producer durables. Tech and health care did well this year, and Mid-Cap Growth Fund performed admirably.
There will be times, however, when health care, technology, and other growth-oriented stocks do not perform well. Different sectors, investment styles, and asset classes come into and pass out of favor with the market. Trying to time various market swings by hopping from one fund to the next is not the solution.
The best protection from inevitable market swings is a portfolio diversified both across and within asset classes, as appropriate for your goals, time horizon, and risk tolerance. This will help you keep a positive outlook when any one particular sector, style, or asset class underperforms. The Mid-Cap Growth Fund can play a vital role in such a balanced investment plan.
Thank you for investing your assets with Vanguard.
Sincerely,
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John J. Brennan
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
November 14, 2005
6
Advisor’s Report
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005, Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund returned 16.1%, outpacing the performance of its benchmark, the broad stock market, and its average mutual fund competitor.
The investment environment
Over the past year, U.S. mid-capitalization stocks led the market, delivering exceptional investment returns. Although value stocks outperformed growth stocks during the period, companies with a growth bias still produced very attractive results. In the mid-cap growth universe—where the fund focuses its investment research—the best-performing sectors included utilities, energy, and telecommunication services. Although these three sectors collectively represent less than 15% of the Russell Midcap Growth Index, larger sectors also generated double-digit returns, including health care, industrials, and technology. (Please note that in this commentary we refer to sectors as defined by the Global Industry Classification Standard, or GICS, rather than the Russell sectors cited elsewhere in this annual report.)
Energy companies have been especially strong over the past year, with oil and gas stocks rising nearly 70%. The supply–demand imbalance for energy products, driven by rising global consumption, has pushed prices dramatically higher. Hurricanes Katrina and Rita also significantly disrupted production in the Gulf of Mexico region, further boosting oil and gas prices.
Higher energy prices, as well as other escalating costs for commodities and raw materials, have negatively affected consumer confidence and generated concern that consumer discretionary spending will suffer. Also, due to inflationary fears, the Federal Reserve Board continues to raise short-term interest rates, which places further pressure on consumer spending. Despite decelerating economic growth in the United States, corporate earnings have been strong and cash balances have been high. The equity markets had to overcome many obstacles over the period, but solid corporate earnings, still-historically low interest rates, and reasonable equity valuations led to a prosperous fiscal year for investors.
Portfolio successes
The fund’s energy holdings produced the greatest absolute and relative performance, particularly those in the oil and gas industry. In telecommunication services, the fund’s wireless services companies also significantly outperformed those of the Russell Midcap Growth Index. Finally, holdings in the industrials sector contributed positively to performance, with commercial services stocks adding the most value.
The fund’s five biggest contributors to performance for the past year were NII Holdings (wireless telecommunication services), Peabody Energy (coal producer), Nextel Partners (wireless telecommunication services), Macromedia (software), and CB Richard Ellis Group (real estate).
7
Portfolio shortfalls
The fund’s exposure to the consumer discretionary sector detracted the most from performance, with stocks in the specialty retail, leisure, and apparel industries significantly hampering results during the period. The fund’s health care stocks also underperformed the index during the year. Within this category, the greatest performance shortfall came from the fund’s health care equipment holdings.
The five greatest detractors from performance for the 12 months were PETCO Animal Supplies (specialty retail), Family Dollar Stores (multiline retail), TIBCO Software (software), Tektronix (electronic equipment), and International Rectifier (semiconductors).
Outlook
We believe that the portfolio is well-positioned going into 2006. Our outlook has prompted two notable recent changes. First, we have taken profits in the energy sector by selling Ultra Petroleum (oil and gas) and reducing the portfolio’s position in Peabody Energy over the past several months. Many energy stocks have advanced sharply over the past quarter and year, and we have sold or reduced individual positions where we believe prices are ahead of fundamentals. That said, the portfolio still holds close to a 10% weighting in the sector, as we believe the long-term fundamentals are attractive.
Second, we have increased the portfolio’s exposure to financial stocks, as we identified companies with positive fundamental turning points and attractive valuations. Within financials, we have added three companies—Legg Mason (asset management), HCC Insurance Holdings (property and casualty insurance), and Ambac Financial (financial guaranty insurance)—that in our view will perform well in the current environment.
The portfolio is modestly underweight, on average, in consumer discretionary companies. We are still concerned about the ability of lower-end consumers to spend during a winter in which they may face historically high natural gas and heating oil prices. While unleaded gas prices have retreated modestly, they are still relatively high. Also, interest rates continue to climb at the same time that credit card companies will be mandated to increase the minimum monthly payment they collect on outstanding debt balances.
Such concerns affect our outlook on technology stocks as well, and we remain cautious about areas where overcapacity continues to exist. The portfolio’s tech exposure is represented by companies with unique product cycles, such as Activision, an electronic game publisher benefiting from a new game console cycle, and Broadcom, a semiconductor company with a strong product pipeline, which is benefiting from increased usage of broadband services and the proliferation of mobile computing and communications.
Evelyn D. Lapham, CFA, Managing Director
John J. Yoon, CFA, Senior Vice President
Provident Investment Counsel
November 15, 2005
8
Fund Profile
As of October 31, 2005
Portfolio Characteristics | | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 | Broad Index2 |
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Number of Stocks | 61 | 502 | 4,970 |
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Median Market Cap | $5.4B | $6.4B | $27.0B |
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Price/Earnings Ratio | 28.5x | 23.2x | 19.9x |
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Price/Book Ratio | 3.9x | 3.8x | 2.7x |
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Yield | 0.0% | 0.7% | 1.7% |
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Return on Equity | 14.3% | 17.4% | 17.7% |
|
Earnings Growth Rate | 21.3% | 18.8% | 9.2% |
|
Foreign Holdings | 2.6% | 0.0% | 2.2% |
|
Turnover Rate | 80% | -- | -- |
|
Expense Ratio | 0.44% | -- | -- |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 4% | -- | -- |
|
Sector Diversification (% of portfolio) | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 | Broad Index2 |
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|
Auto & Transportation | 3% | 3% | 3% |
|
Consumer Discretionary | 24 | 22 | 15 |
|
Consumer Staples | 0 | 2 | 7 |
|
Financial Services | 10 | 12 | 23 |
|
Health Care | 18 | 17 | 12 |
|
Integrated Oils | 0 | 1 | 4 |
|
Other Energy | 10 | 9 | 5 |
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Materials & Processing | 3 | 5 | 4 |
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Producer Durables | 0 | 9 | 4 |
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Technology | 23 | 16 | 13 |
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Utilities | 5 | 2 | 6 |
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Other | 0 | 2 | 4 |
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Short-Term Reserves | 4% | -- | -- |
|
Volatility Measures | | | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 | Fund | Broad Index2 |
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R-Squared | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 1.00 |
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Beta | 1.10 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 1.00 |
|
Ten Largest Holdings3 (% of total net assets) | |
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NII Holdings Inc. | telecommunications services | 3.6% |
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National Oilwell Varco Inc. | energy & utilities | 2.5 |
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Monster Worldwide Inc. | business services | 2.5 |
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Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp. | computer services | 2.4 |
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NVIDIA Corp. | electronics | 2.4 |
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Macromedia, Inc. | computer software | 2.4 |
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CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. | real estate | 2.3 |
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Paychex, Inc. | business services | 2.3 |
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Protein Design Labs, Inc. | pharmaceuticals | 2.3 |
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Activision, Inc. | computer software | 2.3 |
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Top Ten | | 25.0% |
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Investment Focus
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1 Russell Midcap Growth Index.
2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.
3 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.
See page 25 for a glossary of investment terms.
9
Performance Summary
All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (For performance data current to the most recent month-end, which may be higher or lower than that cited, visit our website at www.vanguard.com.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.
Cumulative Performance: December 31, 1997–October 31, 2005
Initial Investment of $10,000
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| Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
| Final Value of a $10,000 |
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| One Year | Five Years | Since Inception1 | Investment |
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Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 16.11% | -6.03% | 11.17% | $22,920 |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index | 10.77 | -0.45 | 4.85 | 14,494 |
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Russell Midcap Growth Index | 15.91 | -3.71 | 6.02 | 15,812 |
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Average Mid-Cap Growth Fund2 | 14.07 | -4.57 | 6.34 | 16,189 |
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1 December 31, 1997.
2 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
Note: See Financial Highlights table on page 16 for dividend and capital gains information.
10
Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): December 31, 1997–October 31, 2005
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Average Annual Total Returns for periods ended September 30, 2005
This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.
| | | | Since Inception1
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| Inception Date | One Year | Five Years | Capital | Income | Total |
---|
|
Mid-Cap Growth Fund | 12/31/1997 | 25.00% | -7.09% | 11.74% | 0.00% | 11.74% |
|
1 December 31, 1997
2 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
Note: See Financial Highlights table on page 16 for dividend and capital gains information.
11
Financial Statements
Statement of Net Assets
As of October 31, 2005
The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).
| Shares | Market Value• ($000) |
---|
| | |
---|
|
Common Stocks (96.3%) | | |
|
Auto & Transportation (3.1%) | | |
|
BorgWarner, Inc. | 158,300 | 9,180 |
|
Southwest Airlines Co. | 530,500 | 8,493 |
|
| | 17,673 |
|
Consumer Discretionary (24.5%) | | |
|
Cable Television Services (1.6%) | | |
|
*Liberty Global Inc. Class A | 191,902 | 4,753 |
|
*Liberty Global, Inc. Series C | 191,902 | 4,552 |
|
Casinos & Gambling (2.0%) | | |
|
*Scientific Games Corp. | 373,500 | 11,190 |
|
Consumer Electronics (3.0%) | | |
|
*Activision, Inc. | 808,310 | 12,747 |
|
*Dolby Laboratories Inc. | 254,330 | 4,095 |
|
Education--Services (1.8%) | | |
|
*Education Management Corp. | 324,050 | 9,994 |
|
Motel/Hotel (2.2%) | | |
|
Marriott International, Inc. Class A | 207,700 | 12,383 |
|
Leisure Time (1.8%) | | |
|
Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd. | 245,650 | 10,180 |
|
Miscellaneous Business (1.2%) | | |
|
E.W. Scripps Co. Class A | 145,900 | 6,682 |
|
Restaurants (1.6%) | | |
|
*^.P.F. Chang's China Bistro, Inc | 190,441 | 8,711 |
|
Retail (2.7%) | | |
|
*GameStop Corp Class A | 250,980 | 8,905 |
|
*Urban Outfitters, Inc. | 222,800 | 6,312 |
|
Services--Commercial (4.7%) | | |
|
*Monster Worldwide Inc. | 424,200 | 13,918 |
|
*Getty Images, Inc. | 152,105 | 12,626 |
|
Textiles--Apparel Manufacturing (1.9%) | | |
|
Polo Ralph Lauren Corp. | 213,200 | 10,489 |
|
| | 137,537 |
|
Financial Services (9.8%) | | |
|
*CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. | 268,954 | 13,138 |
|
Paychex, Inc. | 331,400 | 12,845 |
|
Legg Mason Inc. | 87,730 | 9,414 |
|
*Alliance Data Systems Corp. | 253,500 | 9,014 |
|
HCC Insurance Holdings, Inc. | 181,200 | 5,436 |
|
UCBH Holdings, Inc. | 221,000 | 3,845 |
|
Ambac Financial Group, Inc. | 22,590 | 1,601 |
|
| | 55,293 |
|
Health Care (17.5%) | | |
|
*Protein Design Labs, Inc. | 458,300 | 12,842 |
|
C.R. Bard, Inc. | 171,900 | 10,723 |
|
*ResMed Inc. | 277,800 | 10,593 |
|
*Cytyc Corp. | 361,450 | 9,163 |
|
*VCA Antech, Inc. | 351,200 | 9,061 |
|
*Gen-Probe Inc. | 179,890 | 7,347 |
|
12
| Shares | Market Value• ($000) |
---|
| | |
---|
|
Cooper Cos., Inc. | 103,294 | 7,111 |
|
*Affymetrix, Inc. | 151,080 | 6,864 |
|
*Charles River Laboratories, Inc. | 146,400 | 6,406 |
|
*Caremark Rx, Inc. | 117,500 | 6,157 |
|
*Stericycle, Inc. | 105,150 | 6,052 |
|
*PacifiCare Health Systems, Inc. | 73,000 | 6,012 |
|
| | 98,331 |
|
Materials & Processing (3.2%) | | |
|
Precision Castparts Corp. | 210,200 | 9,955 |
|
Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. | 101,925 | 8,043 |
|
| | 17,998 |
|
Other Energy (10.3%) | | |
|
*National Oilwell Varco Inc. | 225,100 | 14,062 |
|
Peabody Energy Corp. | 149,000 | 11,646 |
|
*Southwestern Energy Co. | 134,800 | 9,778 |
|
*Nabors Industries, Inc. | 126,100 | 8,654 |
|
ENSCO International, Inc. | 154,555 | 7,046 |
|
*Transocean Inc. | 117,500 | 6,755 |
|
| | 57,941 |
|
Technology (23.3%) | | |
|
*Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp. | 312,900 | 13,761 |
|
*NVIDIA Corp. | 397,400 | 13,333 |
|
*Macromedia, Inc. | 302,950 | 13,306 |
|
*Broadcom Corp. | 245,400 | 10,420 |
|
Rockwell Automation, Inc. | 184,300 | 9,796 |
|
*NAVTEQ Corp. | 247,570 | 9,685 |
|
*Comverse Technology, Inc. | 361,050 | 9,062 |
|
*Cognos Inc. | 206,500 | 7,750 |
|
Adobe Systems, Inc. | 227,500 | 7,337 |
|
*Amdocs Ltd. | 268,300 | 7,102 |
|
*Network Appliance, Inc. | 259,100 | 7,089 |
|
Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | 176,800 | 6,266 |
|
*Jabil Circuit, Inc. | 183,009 | 5,463 |
|
*Marvell Technology Group Ltd. | 117,500 | 5,453 |
|
*FLIR Systems, Inc. | 238,751 | 5,004 |
|
| | 130,827 |
|
Utilities (4.6%) | | |
|
*NII Holdings Inc. | 240,950 | 19,980 |
|
*Nextel Partners, Inc. | 222,600 | 5,598 |
|
| | 25,578 |
|
Total Common Stocks (Cost $443,359) | | 541,178 |
|
Temporary Cash Investments (5.2%) | | |
|
1 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851% | 23,839,652 | 23,840 |
|
1 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851%--Note G | 5,244,000 | 5,244 |
|
Total Temporary Cash Investments (Cost $29,084) | | 29,084 |
|
Total Investments (101.5%) (Cost $472,443) | | 570,262 |
|
Other Assets and Liabilities (-1.5%) | | |
|
Other Assets--Note C | | 4,306 |
|
Liabilities--Note G | | (12,736) |
|
| | (8,430) |
|
Net Assets (100%) | | |
|
Applicable to 33,890,948 outstanding $.001 | | |
par value shares of beneficial interest | | |
(unlimited authorization) | | 561,832 |
|
Net asset value per share | | $16.58 |
|
At October 31, 2005, net assets consisted of:2 | | |
---|
| Amount ($000) | Per Share |
---|
|
Paid-in Capital | 465,356 | $13.73 |
|
Accumulated Net Investment Losses | (171) | (.01) |
|
Accumulated Net Realized Losses | (1,172) | (.03) |
|
Unrealized Appreciation | 97,819 | 2.89 |
|
Net Assets | 561,832 | $16.58 |
|
• See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.
* Non-income-producing security.
^ Part of security position is on loan to broker/dealers. See Note G in Notes to Financial Statements.
1 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.
2 See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.
13
Statement of Operations
| Year Ended October 31, 2005 ($000)
|
---|
| |
---|
|
Investment Income | |
|
Income |
|
Dividends | 1,326 |
|
Interest1 | 523 |
|
Security Lending | 230 |
|
Total Income | 2,079 |
|
Expenses |
|
Investment Advisory Fees--Note B |
|
Basic Fee | 1,224 |
|
Performance Adjustment | (455) |
|
The Vanguard Group--Note C |
|
Management and Administrative | 1,323 |
|
Marketing and Distribution | 108 |
|
Custodian Fees | 19 |
|
Auditing Fees | 16 |
|
Shareholders' Reports | 29 |
|
Trustees' Fees and Expenses | 1 |
|
Total Expenses | 2,265 |
|
Expenses Paid Indirectly--Note D | (242) |
|
Net Expenses | 2,023 |
|
Net Investment Income | 56 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities Sold | 28,845 |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investment Securities | 44,615 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 73,516 |
|
1 Interest income from an affiliated company of the fund was $523,000.
14
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005 ($000) | 2004 ($000)
|
---|
|
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets | | |
|
Operations |
|
Net Investment Income (Loss) | 56 | (190) |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | 28,845 | (21,802) |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | 44,615 | 21,640 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 73,516 | (352) |
|
Distributions |
|
Net Investment Income | -- | -- |
|
Realized Capital Gain | -- | -- |
|
Total Distributions | -- | -- |
|
Capital Share Transactions--Note H |
|
Issued | 205,023 | 359,140 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | -- | -- |
|
Redeemed | (158,602) | (164,094) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions | 46,421 | 195,046 |
|
Total Increase (Decrease) | 119,937 | 194,694 |
|
Net Assets |
|
Beginning of Period | 441,895 | 247,201 |
|
End of Period1 | 561,832 | 441,895 |
|
1 Including accumulated net investment losses of ($171,000) and ($227,000).
15
Financial Highlights
Mid-Cap Growth Fund | | | | | |
---|
| | | | | Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 20021 | 2001 |
---|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $14.28 | $14.22 | $10.34 | $12.22 | $29.84 |
|
Investment Operations |
|
Net Investment Income (Loss) | .00 | (.01) | (.01) | (.10) | (.09) |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments | 2.30 | .07 | 3.89 | (1.78) | (10.82) |
|
Total from Investment Operations | 2.30 | .06 | 3.88 | (1.88) | (10.91) |
|
Distributions |
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains | -- | -- | -- | -- | (6.71) |
|
Total Distributions | -- | -- | -- | -- | (6.71) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $16.58 | $14.28 | $14.22 | $10.34 | $12.22 |
|
Total Return | 16.11% | 0.42% | 37.52% | -15.38% | -45.99% |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) | $562 | $442 | $247 | $31 | $30 |
|
Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets2 | 0.44% | 0.45% | 0.63% | 1.24%3 | 1.39%3 |
|
Ratio of Net Expenses to Average Net Assets--Note D2 | 0.39% | 0.34% | 0.48% | 1.24% | 1.39% |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income (Loss) to Average Net Assets | 0.01% | (0.05%) | (0.18%) | (1.02%) | (1.02%) |
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate | 80% | 102% | 106% | 221% | 149% |
|
1 Provident Investment Counsel Mid Cap Fund A reorganized into Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund effective June 29, 2002.
2 Includes performance-based investment advisory fee increases (decreases) of (0.09%) for 2005, (0.05%) for 2004, (0.06%) for 2003, and 0.00% for 2002.
3 Includes the fund’s share of expenses, net of fees waived and expenses absorbed, allocated from Provident Investment Counsel Mid Cap Portfolio, which was the fund’s sole investment prior to June 29, 2002. Expense ratios before waivers and reimbursements of expenses were 1.68% for 2002 and 2.17% for 2001.
16
Notes to Financial Statements
Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Whitehall Funds.
A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.
1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued by methods deemed by the board of trustees to represent fair value. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value.
2. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.
3. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
4. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.
5. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold.
B. Provident Investment Counsel, Inc., provides investment advisory services to the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets. The basic fee is subject to quarterly adjustments based on the fund’s performance for the preceding three years relative to the Russell Midcap Growth Index. For the year ended October 31, 2005, the investment advisory fee represented an effective annual basic rate of 0.24% of the fund’s average net assets before a decrease of $455,000 (0.09%) based on performance.
C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At October 31, 2005, the fund had contributed capital of $68,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.07% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.
17
D. The fund has asked its investment advisor to direct certain security trades, subject to obtaining the best price and execution, to brokers who have agreed to rebate to the fund part of the commissions generated. Such rebates are used solely to reduce the fund’s management and administrative expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2005, these arrangements reduced the fund’s expenses by $242,000 (an annual rate of 0.05% of average net assets).
E. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes.
For tax purposes, at October 31, 2005, the fund had $167,000 of ordinary income available for distribution. The fund had available realized losses of $1,172,000 to offset future net capital gains through October 31, 2012.
At October 31, 2005, net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $97,819,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $110,286,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $12,467,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.
F. During the year ended October 31, 2005, the fund purchased $432,767,000 of investment securities and sold $403,682,000 of investment securities, other than temporary cash investments.
G. The market value of securities on loan to broker/dealers at October 31, 2005, was $5,214,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $5,244,000.
H. Capital shares issued and redeemed were:
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005
| 2004
|
---|
| Shares (000) | Shares (000) |
---|
|
Issued | 13,038 | 25,339 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | -- | -- |
|
Redeemed | (10,099) | (11,771) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Shares Outstanding | 2,939 | 13,568 |
|
18
Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Trustees of Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund:In our opinion, the accompanying statement of net assets and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund (the “Fund”) at October 31, 2005, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the Fund’s management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of securities at October 31, 2005 by correspondence with the custodian, and by agreement to the underlying ownership records for Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
December 9, 2005
Special 2005 tax information (unaudited) for Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund
This information for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005, is included pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. For corporate shareholders, 100% of investment income (dividend income plus short-term gains, if any) qualifies for the dividends-received deduction.
19
Your Fund’s After-Tax Returns
This table presents returns for your fund both before and after taxes. The after-tax returns are shown in two ways: (1) assuming that an investor owned the fund during the entire period and paid taxes on the fund’s distributions, and (2) assuming that an investor paid taxes on the fund’s distributions and sold all shares at the end of each period.
Calculations are based on the highest individual federal income tax and capital gains tax rates in effect at the times of the distributions and the hypothetical sales. State and local taxes were not considered. After-tax returns reflect the reduced tax rates on ordinary income (including qualified dividend income) and short-term capital gains that became effective as of January 1, 2003, and on long-term capital gains realized on or after May 6, 2003. To calculate qualified dividend income, we use actual prior-year figures and estimates for 2005. (In the example, returns after the sale of fund shares may be higher than those assuming no sale. This occurs when the sale would have produced a capital loss. The calculation assumes that the investor received a tax deduction for the loss.) Please note that your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. Also note that if you own the fund in a tax-deferred account, such as an individual retirement account or a 401(k) plan, this information does not apply to you. Such accounts are not subject to current taxes. Finally, keep in mind that a fund’s performance—whether before or after taxes—does not guarantee future results.
Average Annual Total Returns: Mid-Cap Growth Fund Periods Ended October 31, 2005 | |
---|
| One Year | Five Years | Since Inception1 |
---|
|
Returns Before Taxes | 16.11% | -6.03% | 11.17% |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions | 16.11 | -7.56 | 9.76 |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 10.47 | -5.68 | 9.19 |
|
1 December 31, 1997.
20
About Your Fund’s Expenses
As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.
A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.
The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:
• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.
To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”
• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.
Six Months Ended October 31, 2005 | | | |
---|
Mid-Cap Growth Fund | Beginning Account Value 4/30/2005 | Ending Account Value 10/31/2005 | Expenses Paid During Period1 |
---|
|
Based on Actual Fund Return | $1,000.00 | $1,122.55 | $2.51 |
|
Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return | 1,000.00 | 1,022.84 | 2.40 |
|
Note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs or account maintenance fees. They do not include your fund’s low-balance fee, which is described in the prospectus. If this fee were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not charge transaction fees, such as purchase or redemption fees, nor does it carry a “sales load.”
1 The calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratio for that period was 0.47%. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.
21
The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions. You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios for the past five years, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to the appropriate fund prospectus.
22
Trustees Renew Advisory Agreement
The board of trustees of Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory agreement with Provident Investment Counsel, Inc. (PIC). The board determined that the retention of the advisor was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.
The board based its decision upon its most recent evaluation of the advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.
Nature, extent, and quality of services
The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both short- and long-term periods and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the advisor. PIC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Old Mutual plc, is a stable organization that brings considerable experience to the fund. Evelyn D. Lapham, CFA, a managing director at PIC and one of the lead portfolio managers, has advised the fund since 1997. She has worked in investment management since 1981. John J. Yoon, CFA, the other lead manager, is a senior vice president at PIC. He has worked in investment management since 1989 and has advised the fund since 1997. The board concluded that the advisor’s experience, stability, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisor agreement.
Investment performance
The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of relevant benchmarks and peer groups. The board noted that the advisor has carried out the fund’s investment strategy in disciplined fashion, and that the results provided by PIC have been strong, as the fund has outperformed the average peer mutual fund over the short and long term. The trustees concluded that the advisor has managed the fund in a disciplined fashion and that the firm’s short- and long-term has been competitive versus the fund’s peer group and relevant benchmarks.
Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.
Cost
The fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The fund’s advisory fee was also well below the peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate. The board did not consider profitability of PIC in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because PIC is independent of Vanguard and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.
The benefit of economies of scale
The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedule. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.
The advisory agreement will continue for one year and is renewable by the fund’s board after that for successive one-year periods.
23
Vanguard’s Policies for Managing Changes
to Investment Advisory Arrangements
The boards of trustees of the Vanguard funds and Vanguard have adopted practical and cost-effective policies for managing the funds’ arrangements with their unaffiliated investment advisors, as permitted by an order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Background
In 1993, Vanguard was among the first mutual fund companies to streamline the process of changing a fund’s investment advisory arrangements. In essence, the SEC order enabled the boards of the Vanguard funds to enter into new or revised advisory arrangements without the delay and expense of a shareholder vote. This ability, which is subject to a number of SEC conditions designed to protect shareholder interests, has saved the Vanguard funds and their shareholders several million dollars in proxy costs since 1993. It has also enabled the funds’ trustees to quickly implement advisory changes in the best interest of shareholders. Over the past 12 years, as the SEC gained experience in this area, it has granted more flexible conditions to other fund companies. Consequently, Vanguard received the SEC’s permission to update its policies concerning its arrangements with outside investment advisors.
Our updated policies
Vanguard is adopting several additional practical and cost-effective policies in managing the Vanguard funds’ investment advisory arrangements:
Statement of Additional Information (SAI). Vanguard funds that employ an unaffiliated investment advisor will now show advisory fee information on an aggregate basis in their SAIs. (A fund’s SAI provides more detailed information than its prospectus and is available to investors online at Vanguard.com® or upon request.) Previously, separate fee schedules were presented for each unaffiliated advisor. Each fund’s SAI will also include the amount paid by the fund for any investment advisory services provided on an at-cost basis by The Vanguard Group. Reporting advisory fees in this manner is the same approach used by other fund companies that have received similar SEC exemptive orders.
Shareholder notification. Like other fund companies, Vanguard will have up to 90 days after a fund enters into a new advisory agreement to notify shareholders of the change. Previously, shareholders were notified at least 30 days before any such change, if possible. In practice, Vanguard expects to continue notifying shareholders of advisory changes as soon as is practical, taking into account opportunities to reduce postage expenses by enclosing notices with previously scheduled mailings.
Redemption fees. Some Vanguard funds charge a redemption fee, which typically applies to shares redeemed within a certain period following purchase. Previously, redemption fees were required to be waived for 90 days after giving notice of a fund advisory change. The SEC has not generally applied this requirement to other fund companies and has now eliminated it for Vanguard. (Redemption fees—which are paid to the fund, not to Vanguard—are designed to ensure that short-term investors pay their fair share of a fund’s transaction costs.)
24
Glossary
Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.
Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.
Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.
Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund’s equity assets represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.
Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.
Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.
Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.
R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.
Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.
Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.
Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.
Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.
25
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The People Who Govern Your Fund
The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.
A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.
Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.
Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee
John J. Brennan1
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Born 1954 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee since May 1987 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Director/ Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
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IndependentTrustees |
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Charles D. Ellis
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Born 1937 Trustee since January 2001 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. |
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Rajiv L. Gupta
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Born 1945 Trustee since December 20012 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified manufacturing and services) (since 2005); Trustee of Drexel University and of the Chemical Heritage Foundation. |
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JoAnn Heffernan Heisen
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Born 1950 Trustee since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Vice President, Chief Information Officer, and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson & Johnson (pharmaceuticals/ consumer products); Director of the University Medical Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute. |
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André F. Perold
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Born 1952 Trustee since December 2004 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School (since 2000); Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) (since 2003); Director of registered investment companies advised by Merrill Lynch Investment Managers and affiliates (1985–2004), Genbel Securities Limited (South African financial services firm) (1999–2003), Gensec Bank (1999–2003), Sanlam Investment Management (1999–2001), Sanlam, Ltd. (South African insurance company) (2001–2003), Stockback, Inc. (credit card firm) (2000–2002), and Bulldogresearch.com (investment research) (1999–2001); and Trustee of Commonfund (investment management) (1989–2001). |
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Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.
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Born 1941 Trustee since January 1993 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services); Director of Standard Products Company (supplier for the automotive industry) until 1998. |
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J. Lawrence Wilson
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Born 1936 Trustee since April 1985 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines), MeadWestvaco Corp. (packaging products), and AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of Culver Educational Foundation. |
|
Executive Officers1 |
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Heidi Stam
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Born 1956 Secretary since July 2005 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group since November 1997; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since July 2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group since July 2005. |
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Thomas J. Higgins
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Born 1957 Treasurer since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
|
Vanguard Senior Management Team |
|
R. Gregory Barton |
Mortimer J. Buckley |
James H. Gately |
Kathleen C. Gubanich |
F. William McNabb, III |
Michael S. Miller |
Ralph K. Packard |
George U. Sauter
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Founder |
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John C. Bogle
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974-1996 |
1 | Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940. |
2 | December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds. |
| More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group. |
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P.O. Box 2600
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600
Connect with Vanguard™ > www.vanguard.com
| |
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| |
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Fund Information > 800-662-7447 | Vanguard, Vanguard.com, Connect with Vanguard, and |
| the ship logo are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739 | |
| All other marks are the exclusive property of their |
Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036 | respective owners. |
| |
Text Telephone > 800-952-3335 | |
| All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc. |
| or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted. |
| |
| You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard's proxy voting |
This material may be used in conjunction | guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com, |
with the offering of shares of any Vanguard | and searching for "proxy voting guidelines," or by calling |
fund only if preceded or accompanied by | Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from |
the fund's current prospectus | the SEC's website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may |
| obtain a free report on how the fund voted the proxies for |
| securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30. |
| To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com or |
| www.sec.gov. |
| |
| You can review and copy information about your fund |
| at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. |
| To find out more about this public service, call the SEC |
| at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is also |
| available on the SEC's website, and you can receive |
| copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a |
| request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to |
| publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the |
| Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange |
| Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102. |
| |
| (C) 2005 The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
| All rights reserved. |
| Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor. |
| |
| Q3010 122005 |
Vanguard® International Explorer™ Fund
> Annual Report
October 31, 2005
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> Vanguard International Explorer Fund returned 27.0% during the 12 months ended October 31, 2005, surpassing the returns of its average peer fund and benchmark index.
> Strong returns in markets outside the United States were somewhat muted by a rebound in the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies in the second half of the fiscal year.
> The fund achieved positive returns in all sectors. Its most notable performers were holdings in the financials, consumer discretionary, and materials sectors.
Contents | |
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Your Fund's Total Returns | | 1 | |
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Chairman's Letter | | 2 | |
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Advisor's Report | | 7 | |
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Fund Profile | | 9 | |
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Performance Summary | | 11 | |
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Financial Statements | | 13 | |
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Your Fund's After-Tax Returns | | 26 | |
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About Your Fund's Expenses | | 27 | |
|
Trustees Renew Advisory Agreement | | 29 | |
|
Glossary | | 31 | |
|
Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.
Your Fund’s Total Returns
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005 | |
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Vanguard International Explorer Fund | | 27.0% | |
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S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index | | 25.4 | |
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Average International Small-Cap Fund1 | | 25.9 | |
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MSCI All Country World Index ex USA | | 20.6 | |
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Your Fund's Performance at a Glance October 31, 2004-October 31, 2005 | | | |
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| | | | Distributions Per Share
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| Starting Share Price | Ending Share Price | Income Dividends | Capital Gains |
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Vanguard International Explorer Fund | | $14.64 | | $17.99 | | $0.24 | | $0.29 | |
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1 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
1
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Chairman’s Letter
Dear Shareholder,
Vanguard International Explorer Fund returned 27.0% for the 12 months ended October 31, 2005. This excellent return surpassed the results for the fund’s unmanaged benchmark index as well as its peer group average. The fund’s advisor made solid stock selections in many sectors, and its exposure to emerging markets, mainly in Asia, was also valuable.
The top table on page 1 presents the total return (capital change plus reinvested distributions) for the fund and its comparative standards. Also shown are the fund’s beginning and ending share prices, as well as its per-share distributions during the 2005 fiscal year. If you hold shares of the International Explorer Fund in a taxable account, you may wish to review our report on the fund’s after-tax returns on page 26.
International markets shrugged off energy concerns, climbed higher
During the fiscal year, returns from international stocks exceeded those of the broad U.S. market. The Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia, Far East Index, a common gauge of international stock performance, returned 18.1%, while the Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Composite Index returned 10.8%. Returns of international value stocks were generally stronger than those of their growth-oriented counterparts.
2
While the effects of high energy prices reverberated around the world, they were felt particularly strongly in the United States, the largest energy consumer. The stocks of energy producers generated exceptional returns, while those that depend more on the financial health of consumers lagged behind. In general, however, markets proved resilient.
When converted from local currencies into U.S. dollars, international stock returns remained robust, despite the dollar’s strengthening in the period. The gains of stocks in emerging markets surpassed those in developed markets, as growth rates in some emerging economies—particularly Brazil, China, India, and Indonesia—remained feverish.
The fund saw strong results across its holdings
The advisor of International Explorer Fund—Schroder Investment Management North America Inc.—employs a fundamental stock-selection approach that aims to construct a portfolio of attractively valued small-capitalization stocks poised for rapid earnings growth. Schroder chooses the stocks that look most promising, assigning secondary importance to their location or industry sector. Over the past year, this focus on individual stocks, rather than particular regions or sectors, produced an eclectic portfolio. The advisor found pockets of opportunity in every major industry sector, and returns from all were in double digits.
Market Barometer | | | |
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| | Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
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| One Year | Three Years | Five Years |
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Stocks | | | | | | | |
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MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International) | | 20.6% | | 23.5% | | 4.7% | |
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Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps) | | 10.5 | | 13.9 | | -1.4 | |
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Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps) | | 12.1 | | 21.5 | | 6.7 | |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market) | | 10.8 | | 14.9 | | -0.5 | |
|
Bonds | |
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Lehman Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market) | | 1.1% | | 3.8% | | 6.3% | |
|
Lehman Municipal Bond Index | | 2.5 | | 4.6 | | 6.0 | |
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Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index | | 2.7 | | 1.6 | | 2.3 | |
|
CPI | |
|
Consumer Price Index | | 4.3% | | 3.2% | | 2.7% | |
|
3
Attractive valuations are the common thread that links the advisor’s primary areas of focus during the past year—financials, industrials, and consumer-oriented stocks. The advisor successfully identified a number of stocks within each of these industry groups that met its selection criteria and provided stellar results. Top financials performers included Daegu Bank (South Korea) and Nexity (France). In the consumer discretionary sector, Hyundai Department Store and Hyundai Mobis (South Korea) were leaders. In industrials, YIT-Yhtyma (Finland) and Hochtief (Germany) provided outstanding returns.
As a supplement to its bottom-up analysis of individual stocks, the advisor uses extensive macroeconomic research to understand the forces—such as supply and demand dynamics and monetary policies—that affect the economic outlooks for sectors and countries. This research led the advisor to keep the portfolio’s allocations to Japan and the United Kingdom at or slightly below those of its benchmark, the Standard & Poor’s/ Citigroup Extended Market Europe & Pacific (EM EPAC) Index. (The two were still the fund’s largest country positions, representing 22% and 20% of assets, respectively, on October 31.) During the year the advisor reduced the fund’s European exposure, using the proceeds to add to holdings in other regions.
One of the fund’s notable characteristics is its exposure to a number of smaller economies in Europe and, to a lesser degree, the Pacific. The advisor considers these smaller markets more receptive to changes in the global economy than the regional giants are. Among these nimbler countries are Sweden, Greece, and Ireland.
Total Returns | | | |
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| 12 Months Ended October 31, 2005
|
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Index/Country | Based on Local Currency | Currency Impact | Based on U.S. Dollars |
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MSCI Europe | 23.2% | -6.9% | 16.3% |
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United Kingdom | 18.2 | -4.0 | 14.2 |
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France | 23.2 | -7.2 | 16.0 |
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Germany | 24.9 | -7.3 | 17.6 |
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Switzerland | 33.7 | -9.3 | 24.4 |
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Netherlands | 23.3 | -7.2 | 16.1 |
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Italy | 19.2 | -7.0 | 12.2 |
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MSCI Pacific | 30.8% | -8.8% | 22.0% |
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Japan | 34.1 | -11.8 | 22.3 |
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Hong Kong | 16.1 | 0.5 | 16.6 |
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Singapore | 14.0 | -2.0 | 12.0 |
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Australia | 25.4 | 0.0 | 25.4 |
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MSCI EAFE | 25.6% | -7.5% | 18.1% |
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Select Emerging Markets | 35.3% | -1.6% | 33.7% |
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Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 (United States) | 10.8% | -- | 10.8% |
|
4
Although the fund made a large commitment—about one-quarter of assets at period-end—to the industrials sector, it missed out on a number of the sector’s strongest-performing stocks. The fund’s very small positions in the energy and utilities sectors also turned in subpar results, which dampened our performance versus the benchmark.
For more details on the advisor’s portfolio positioning and outlook, see the Advisor’s Report on page 7.
The long-term view: A record to be proud of
As can be expected with investments in any international fund, the International Explorer Fund has seen its share of ups and downs over its nine-year history. These vacillations underscore the need for fortitude and patience in international investing. Over the long term, however, the fund has rewarded those investors who stuck with it through the market’s cycles.
The fund’s average annual return of 13.1% over the nine years from its November 4, 1996, inception through October 31, 2005, is excellent in comparison with what its benchmarks have achieved: 7.1% a year on average for the EM EPAC Index and 10.8% for the average peer fund. As shown in the table below, a hypothetical investment of $25,000 made on the fund’s inception date would have grown to $75,685 by October 31. A comparable investment in the average peer fund would have ended at $63,079.
Although no one knows the absolute returns international markets will provide in a given period, we remain confident that Schroder Investment Management
Total Returns | | |
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| November 4, 1996,1 Through October 31, 2005
|
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| Average Annual Return | Final Value of a $25,000 Investment |
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|
International Explorer Fund | 13.1% | $75,685 |
|
S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index | 7.1 | 46,149 |
|
Average International Small-Cap Fund | 10.8 | 63,079 |
|
MSCI All Country World Index ex USA | 5.6 | 40,762 |
|
1 The fund’s inception date.
5
North America can continue to generate competitive long-term returns. Our confidence is based on the advisor’s skill and Vanguard’s traditionally low costs. As the table below shows, International Explorer’s costs are far lower than those of peer funds, on average, which means that more of the fund’s return stays in your account, where it belongs.
The case for international investing
After lagging through much of the 1990s, in recent years international stocks have outperformed their U.S. counterparts. That simple fact underscores the benefits of using international holdings to diversify a U.S. investor’s stock portfolio. In an increasingly global economy, many U.S.-based investors might find that committing a portion of their stock portfolio to international stocks is a sensible decision.
A well-diversified portfolio should include a mix of stocks, bonds, and cash investments suitable for your time horizon and risk tolerance. This kind of investment program permits you to share in the successes of better-performing asset classes while it cushions you from those that perform poorly at any given time.
Returns of international stocks generally do not move in sync with U.S. stock performance, so it is possible to see strong returns from international stocks when U.S. stocks are down, and vice versa. As a small part of the stock portion of a balanced portfolio, the International Explorer Fund can play an important role in helping you move toward your investing objectives.
Thank you for your continued confidence in Vanguard.
Sincerely,
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John J. Brennan
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
November 14, 2005
Expense Ratios:1 Your fund compared with its peer group | |
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| Fund | Average International Small-Cap Fund |
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International Explorer Fund | 0.50% | 1.91% |
|
1 Fund expense ratio reflects the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2004.
6
Advisor’s Report
Vanguard International Explorer Fund returned 27.0% in fiscal 2005. This result surpassed the 25.4% return of the Standard & Poor’s/Citigroup Extended Market Europe & Pacific (S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC) Index, a broad measure of the performance of smaller non-U.S. stocks.
The investment environment
Fiscal 2005 was another excellent period for smaller international companies, both in terms of their absolute U.S. dollar returns and in terms of their returns relative to other market segments. Their gains in local currencies were even more impressive, but these gains were offset to a modest extent by the weakness of international currencies against the dollar, particularly in the second half of the period.
Global economic growth remained robust throughout the fiscal year, while, by and large, the liquidity environment was supportive. Growth occurred despite a number of trends that typically would have been expected to depress economic activity in the developed world. The most notable of these were the continued (although well-flagged) increases in short-term U.S. interest rates and the upward spiral of oil prices. In sector terms, the main areas of strength were energy (for obvious reasons), basic materials, and industrials.
Strong growth and ample liquidity form a good backdrop for smaller companies, which are typically more cyclically sensitive and more highly leveraged, and in fiscal 2005, these companies outperformed in every region and in most sectors.
However, although the absolute returns of smaller companies remained strong, in the second half of the fiscal year they were more closely aligned with the absolute returns of larger stocks.
Our successes
As in the 2004 fiscal year, our stock selection in continental European markets made a major contribution to the fund’s performance. Holdings in Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Finland, and Ireland rose strongly, with holdings in the latter two countries rising by more than 50%, on average. In industry terms, the top performers were consumer noncyclicals, financials, materials, and industrials. For the second consecutive fiscal year, YIT-Yhtyma—a Finnish construction company—was the top contributor to the fund’s return.
The fund’s emerging-markets holdings—particularly in India and South Korea, where financial and consumer-oriented stocks performed well—were another notable area of strength. Many smaller companies were well positioned to benefit from the dynamic changes in consumers’ preferences within emerging markets, both as suppliers of goods and providers of financial services to a burgeoning middle class.
Our stock selection in the United Kingdom also aided the fund’s performance, as consumer noncyclicals, information technology, and financials holdings generated good returns. Strong cash flows in the corporate sector spurred merger and acquisition activity in the country.
7
Our shortfalls
The main area of disappointment was our stock selection in Japan. However, the biggest single factor for the fund’s relative underperformance in Japan was our underweighting of financials stocks, which rose strongly on the back of investors’ optimism about the prospects for the country’s recovery. Our selections in this sector did well, outperforming the sector in the index; the problem was that the fund did not own enough of them. Also, our stock selection in the information technology, consumer noncyclicals, and industrials sectors detracted from the fund’s performance.
The fund’s positioning
Until the last few months, the transition to a slower rate of global growth appeared to be happening with very little dislocation. However, continued volatility in energy prices, less positive inflation data, and a general upward move in the yields of global bonds have caused equity markets to consolidate. This has affected smaller companies, given their higher perceived cyclicality and the less helpful liquidity backdrop.
For some time now, and certainly in our past few reports to you, we have sounded a note of caution as to the continued ability of the average small international company to continue to outperform its average larger counterpart. This view has proved to be overly cautious. However, we would reiterate that the valuations of smaller companies versus large ones are not cheap relative to their historical average and that valuations of small-capitalization stocks have been supported by a benign economic environment. With tighter liquidity, possibly accompanied by a slowdown in economic growth, the story going forward could be very different.
However, your fund is not invested in the average small international company. Although we maintain a well-diversified portfolio, conscious as we are of the risks involved in investing in any individual small company, the portfolio is a very small subset of the small-cap universe, given that there are more than 3,800 companies in the fund’s benchmark index.
Consequently, while we remain agnostic about the likely performance of smaller companies relative to larger ones over the coming months, we continue to believe that our focus on companies’ quality, growth, and visibility should yield good returns for shareholders in the months ahead. Small-cap valuations are not extended, and many pockets of growth remain in the global economy, which we believe nimble smaller companies are well placed to exploit.
Matthew Dobbs, Senior Vice President
SchroderInvestment Management
North America Inc.
November 17, 2005
8
Fund Profile
As of October 31, 2005
Portfolio Characteristics | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 |
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Number of Stocks | 259 | 3,893 |
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Turnover Rate | 38% | -- |
|
Expense Ratio | 0.50% | -- |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 1% | -- |
|
Volatility Measures | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 |
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|
R-Squared | 0.94 | 1.00 |
|
Beta | 1.05 | 1.00 |
|
Sector Diversification (% of portfolio) | | |
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| Fund | Comparative Index1 |
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|
Consumer Discretionary | 18% | 21% |
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Consumer Staples | 10 | 6 |
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Energy | 2 | 2 |
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Financials | 20 | 20 |
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Health Care | 4 | 6 |
|
Industrials | 26 | 22 |
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Information Technology | 6 | 8 |
|
Materials | 8 | 11 |
|
Telecommunication Services | 0 | 1 |
|
Utilities | 4 | 3 |
|
Other | 1 | 0 |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 1% | -- |
|
Ten Largest Holdings2 (% of total net assets) | | |
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---|
|
YIT-Yhtyma Oyj | construction | 1.2% |
|
Topdanmark A/S | financial services | 1.1 |
|
Sika Finanz AG | specialty chemical manufacturing | 1.1 |
|
Hochtief AG | construction | 1.0 |
|
Publigroupe SA | advertising and marketing | 1.0 |
|
Red Electrica de Espana SA | energy and utilities | 1.0 |
|
Azimut Holding SpA | financial services | 1.0 |
|
Oriflame Cosmetics SA | retail | 1.0 |
|
C&C Group PLC | nonalcoholic beverages | 1.0 |
|
Groupe Bourbon SA | retail | 0.9 |
|
Top Ten | | 10.3% |
|
Allocation by Region (% of portfolio)
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68% Europe
26% Pacific
5% Emerging Markets
1% Short-Term Reserves
1 S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index.
2 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products. See page 31 for a glossary of investment terms.
9
Country Diversification (% of portfolio) | | |
---|
| Fund | Comparative Index1 |
---|
|
Europe | | |
|
United Kingdom | 20% | 20% |
|
Switzerland | 8 | 6 |
|
Germany | 7 | 7 |
|
France | 6 | 8 |
|
Italy | 5 | 4 |
|
Sweden | 4 | 2 |
|
Denmark | 3 | 1 |
|
Finland | 3 | 1 |
|
Greece | 3 | 1 |
|
Netherlands | 3 | 4 |
|
Spain | 3 | 4 |
|
Ireland | 2 | 1 |
|
Belgium | 1 | 2 |
|
Norway | 0 | 1 |
|
Subtotal | 68% | 62% |
|
Pacific | |
|
Japan | 22% | 25% |
|
Australia | 2 | 5 |
|
Hong Kong | 1 | 2 |
|
Singapore | 1 | 1 |
|
Subtotal | 26% | 33% |
|
Emerging Markets | |
|
South Korea | 3% | 3% |
|
Indonesia | 1 | 0 |
|
Taiwan | 1 | 0 |
|
Other Emerging Markets | 0 | 2 |
|
Subtotal | 5% | 5% |
|
Short-Term Reserves | 1% | -- |
|
1 S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index.
10
Performance Summary
All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (For performance data current to the most recent month-end, which may be higher or lower than that cited, visit our website at www.vanguard.com.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.
Cumulative Performance: November 4, 1996–October 31, 2005
Initial Investment of $25,000
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| Average Annual Total Returns Periods Ended October 31, 2005
| Final Value of a $25,000 |
---|
| One Year | Five Years | Since Inception1 | Investment |
---|
|
International Explorer Fund2 | 27.04% | 8.50% | 13.11% | $75,685 |
|
MSCI All Country World Index ex USA | 20.57 | 4.71 | 5.59 | 40,762 |
|
S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index | 25.41 | 11.01 | 7.06 | 46,149 |
|
Average International Small-Cap Fund3 | 25.87 | 7.37 | 10.85 | 63,079 |
|
1 November 4, 1996.
2 Total returns do not reflect the 2% fee assessed on redemptions of shares purchased on or after June 27, 2003, and held for less than two months.
3 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.
Note: See Financial Highlights table on page 21 for dividend and capital gains information.
11
Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): November 4, 1996–October 31, 2005

Average Annual Total Returns for periods ended September 30, 2005
This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.
| | | | Since Inception
|
---|
| Inception Date | One Year | Five Years | Capital | Income | Total |
---|
|
International Explorer Fund1 | 11/4/1996 | 36.49% | 7.43% | 13.08% | 0.70% | 13.78% |
|
1 Total returns do not reflect the 2% fee assessed on redemptions of shares purchased on or after June 27, 2003, and held for less than two months.
12
Financial Statements
Statement of Net Assets
As of October 31, 2005
The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).
| Shares
| Market Value• ($000)
|
---|
Common Stocks (98.3%)
|
|
|
---|
| | |
Australia (2.5%) | | |
James Hardie Industries NV | 2,644,838 | 16,865 |
^Lion Nathan Ltd. | 2,730,706 | 16,141 |
^Ansell Ltd. | 1,883,284 | 14,865 |
Just Group Ltd. | 3,254,735 | 5,937 |
| | 53,808 |
Belgium (1.2%) | | |
Fluxys-D | 3,367 | 9,356 |
Compagnie Nationale a Portefeuille | 20,000 | 5,163 |
Sofina SA | 55,752 | 4,289 |
GIMV NV NPV | 68,085 | 3,504 |
Kinepolis Group | 60,000 | 2,091 |
| | 24,403 |
China (0.3%) | | |
Shenzhen Expressway Co. Ltd. | 13,400,000 | 4,246 |
The Guangshen Railway Co., Ltd. | 6,800,000 | 1,969 |
ZTE Corporation | 261,600 | 774 |
| | 6,989 |
Denmark (2.7%) | | |
*Topdanmark A/S | 300,000 | 22,873 |
^Coloplast A/S B Shares | 260,000 | 14,902 |
*^Jyske Bank A/S | 280,800 | 14,098 |
^H+H International A/S Class B | 13,403 | 2,485 |
*Trygvesta AS | 53,475 | 2,206 |
| | 56,564 |
Finland (3.0%) | | |
^YIT-Yhtyma Oyj | 660,000 | 25,396 |
*^Kone Oyj | 180,000 | 12,122 |
TietoEnator Oyj B Shares | 300,000 | 9,527 |
^OKO Bank(OKO Osuuspankkien Keskuspankki Oyj) | 725,000 | 8,207 |
*^Cargotec Corp. | 230,000 | 6,803 |
*OKO Bank Rights (OKO Osuuspankkien Keskuspankki Oyj) | | |
Exp. 11/15/2005 | 725,000 | 1,945 |
| | 64,000 |
France (5.7%) | | |
^Groupe Bourbon SA | 250,000 | 20,201 |
Eiffage SA | 210,000 | 18,117 |
*Saft Groupe SA | 520,000 | 16,436 |
^Rodriguez Group | 272,352 | 15,906 |
Nexity | 280,500 | 12,784 |
Kaufman & Broad SA | 139,559 | 10,367 |
*^Groupe Partouche SA | 503,310 | 8,436 |
Wendel Investissement | 41,558 | 3,986 |
Compagnie des Alpes | 60,000 | 3,948 |
Norbert Dentressangle | 72,374 | 3,779 |
Tessi SA | 59,962 | 2,992 |
Viel et Compagnie | 667,187 | 2,831 |
*CBo Territoria | 290,000 | 1,386 |
| | 121,169 |
Germany (7.4%) | | |
^Hochtief AG | 550,000 | 22,225 |
Grenkeleasing AG | 372,425 | 19,402 |
13
| | |
*HCI Capital AG | 829,143 | 16,188 |
*Techem AG | 400,000 | 15,910 |
Bilfinger Berger AG | 355,000 | 15,366 |
*^Premier AG | 500,000 | 14,392 |
Schwarz Pharma AG | 250,000 | 14,360 |
^Rheinmetall AG | 197,470 | 12,142 |
*^Aareal Bank AG | 350,000 | 10,683 |
*MTU Aero Engines | | |
Holdings AG | 266,509 | 7,742 |
*CENTROTEC Sustainable AG | 220,322 | 6,252 |
*WaveLight Laser Technologies AG | 56,183 | 1,098 |
cash.life AG | 24,923 | 925 |
| | 156,685 |
Greece (2.6%) | | |
Babis Vovos International | 1,053,661 | 17,196 |
Public Power Corp. | 600,000 | 12,695 |
Hellenic Exchanges SA | 1,052,186 | 9,496 |
Marfin Financial Group SA | 424,430 | 9,104 |
Mytilineos Holdings SA | 412,990 | 7,256 |
| | 55,747 |
Hong Kong (0.6%) | | |
ASM Pacific Technology Ltd. | 1,400,000 | 6,500 |
Dah Sing Financial Group | 618,800 | 3,766 |
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Holdings Ltd. | 850,000 | 1,445 |
Kingmaker Footwear Holdings Ltd. | 2,773,836 | 541 |
| | 12,252 |
India (0.1%) | | |
UTI Bank Ltd. GDR | 600,000 | 3,090 |
Indonesia (1.1%) | | |
PT Bank Central Asia Tbk | 52,924,500 | 16,919 |
PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk | 31,000,000 | 7,523 |
| | 24,442 |
Ireland (1.6%) | | |
C&C Group PLC | 3,300,000 | 20,428 |
DCC PLC | 750,000 | 13,921 |
| | 34,349 |
Italy (5.3%) | | |
Azimut Holding SpA | 2,907,047 | 20,954 |
Davide Campari-Milano SpA | 2,350,000 | 15,936 |
Beni Stabili SpA | 12,459,180 | 11,940 |
^ACEA SpA | 1,200,000 | 11,933 |
Compagnie Industriali Riunite SpA | 4,038,250 | 11,429 |
^Mondadori (Arnoldo) Editore SpA | 1,139,650 | 10,601 |
Autostrada Torino- Milano SpA | 498,130 | 9,467 |
Ergo Previdenza SpA | 1,547,862 | 9,223 |
Sol SpA | 858,588 | 4,336 |
^Italmobiliare SpA Non-Convertible Risp | 69,530 | 3,485 |
Italmobiliare SpA | 52,020 | 3,315 |
| | 112,619 |
Japan (21.9%) | | |
Dowa Mining Co. Ltd. | 2,000,000 | 16,130 |
XEBIO Co., Ltd. | 370,000 | 15,923 |
Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd. | 2,100,000 | 13,602 |
Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 500,000 | 12,184 |
Gunze Ltd. | 2,300,000 | 12,076 |
^Q.P. Corp. | 1,350,000 | 12,048 |
Santen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. | 450,000 | 11,489 |
Aica Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 920,000 | 11,163 |
ARRK Corp. | 200,000 | 11,051 |
Nippon Sanso Corp. | 1,800,000 | 11,004 |
^Circle K Sunkus Co., Ltd. | 470,000 | 10,808 |
^Sumitomo Warehouse Co. Ltd. | 1,300,000 | 10,061 |
NAFCO Co., Ltd. | 300,000 | 9,901 |
Obic Co., Ltd. | 60,000 | 9,785 |
^Paris Miki Inc. | 450,000 | 9,748 |
Nippon Chemi-Con Corp. | 1,580,000 | 9,597 |
Enplas Corp. | 400,000 | 9,552 |
^Union Tool Co. | 260,000 | 9,525 |
^Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | 780,000 | 9,087 |
Nichicon Corp. | 700,000 | 8,984 |
^Kissei Pharmaceutical Co. | 450,000 | 8,804 |
14
| | |
Nipro Corp. | 560,000 | 8,454 |
The Hiroshima Bank, Ltd. | 1,200,000 | 7,822 |
KOA Corp. | 900,000 | 7,742 |
Ushio Inc. | 400,000 | 7,454 |
Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. | 1,300,000 | 7,381 |
^Lintec Corp. | 420,000 | 7,105 |
Sato Corp. | 300,000 | 6,931 |
TOC Co., Ltd. | 1,200,000 | 6,925 |
^Net One Systems Co., Ltd. | 3,500 | 6,698 |
Katokichi Co., Ltd. | 960,000 | 6,261 |
Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd. | 1,200,000 | 6,192 |
Tsubaki Nakashima Co., Ltd. | 400,000 | 5,876 |
^Sumida Corp. | 320,000 | 5,682 |
Idec Izumi Corp. | 400,000 | 5,587 |
^Nishimatsu Construction Co. | 1,200,000 | 5,557 |
Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. | 1,000 | 5,232 |
^Arisawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. | 320,000 | 5,219 |
Daido Steel Co., Ltd. | 750,000 | 5,200 |
^Nissin Healthcare Food Service Co. Ltd. | 350,000 | 5,090 |
Sumisho Lease Co., Ltd. | 100,000 | 4,754 |
^Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | 350,000 | 4,706 |
Tamura Taiko Holdings, Inc. | 700,000 | 4,684 |
Maeda Corp. | 655,000 | 4,664 |
Tokyo Leasing Co., Ltd. | 255,800 | 4,655 |
Exedy Corp. | 200,000 | 4,609 |
Kureha Chemical Industry Co. | 900,000 | 4,557 |
OBIC Business Consultants Co., Ltd. | 75,000 | 4,286 |
H.I.S Co., Ltd. | 200,000 | 4,278 |
*1Sega Sammy Holdings Inc. | 102,220 | 3,679 |
Sega Sammy Holdings Inc. | 102,220 | 3,678 |
^Saizeriya Co., Ltd. | 270,000 | 3,545 |
Plenus Co. Ltd. | 115,000 | 3,434 |
Nifco Inc. | 200,000 | 3,354 |
Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | 440,000 | 3,307 |
^Sohgo Security Services Co. , Ltd. | 200,000 | 3,300 |
Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd. | 314,000 | 3,146 |
^eAccess Ltd. | 5,000 | 3,105 |
^Mimasu Semiconductor Industry Co., Ltd. | 189,000 | 3,073 |
^Belluna Co., Ltd. | 88,000 | 2,961 |
Nippon System Development Co., Ltd. | 100,000 | 2,878 |
AUCNET Inc. | 120,000 | 2,527 |
Nagase & Co., Ltd. | 200,000 | 2,484 |
Inaba Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd. | 75,000 | 2,399 |
Hard Off Corp. Co., Ltd. | 200,000 | 2,324 |
ALPHA Corp. | 60,000 | 2,244 |
WOWOW Inc. | 1,000 | 2,158 |
Thine Electronics Inc. | 560 | 1,902 |
NEC Systems | 170,000 | 1,876 |
Chiyoda Co., Ltd. | 93,900 | 1,863 |
ICOM Inc. | 59,000 | 1,722 |
Musashi Seimitsu Industry Co., Ltd. | 71,900 | 1,643 |
Tsuruha Co., Ltd. | 40,000 | 1,640 |
Toho Real Estate Co., Ltd. | 242,000 | 1,619 |
Rex Holdings Co., Ltd. | 209 | 1,369 |
Osaka Securities Finance Co., Ltd. | 230,000 | 1,215 |
Daiken Corp. | 300,000 | 1,084 |
^Nagaileben Co., Ltd. | 30,000 | 746 |
*UMC Japan | 2,400 | 735 |
*2Belluna Co. Ltd. Warrants Exp. 9/29/2006 | 1,500 | 0 |
| | 467,133 |
Netherlands (2.5%) | | |
Fugro NV | 609,992 | 16,473 |
Koninklijke Ten Cate NV | 105,972 | 11,143 |
^ Heijmans NV | 243,028 | 10,975 |
Stork NV | 261,629 | 9,722 |
Grolsch NV | 150,641 | 3,927 |
| | 52,240 |
Norway (0.4%) | | |
^Findexa Ltd. | 1,750,910 | 8,720 |
Singapore (1.4%) | | |
Singapore Exchange Ltd. | 5,000,000 | 7,981 |
Sembcorp Industries Ltd. | 4,230,000 | 6,734 |
15
| | |
ComfortDelgro Corp Ltd. | 5,000,000 | 4,374 |
SIA Engineering Co. Ltd. | 2,165,000 | 3,181 |
Venture Corp. Ltd. | 400,000 | 2,957 |
Singapore Airport Terminal Services Ltd. | 1,967,000 | 2,498 |
YHI International Ltd. | 5,400,000 | 1,258 |
MobileOne Limited | 960,000 | 1,135 |
| | 30,118 |
South Korea (3.5%) | | |
Amorepacific Corp. | 56,000 | 16,739 |
Daegu Bank | 1,218,550 | 14,653 |
Pusan Bank | 1,096,710 | 11,487 |
Kangwon Land Inc. | 617,499 | 10,441 |
Daewoo Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. | 1,000,000 | 10,039 |
Yuhan Corp. | 52,472 | 6,600 |
G2R Inc. | 289,420 | 4,559 |
| | 74,518 |
Spain (2.5%) | | |
^Red Electrica de Espana SA | 800,000 | 21,331 |
Enagas SA | 1,100,000 | 19,442 |
^Compania de Distribucion Integral Logista, SA | 246,510 | 13,060 |
| | 53,833 |
Sweden (3.4%) | | |
^Oriflame Cosmetics SA | 800,000 | 20,640 |
Swedish Match AB | 1,600,000 | 18,175 |
*Transcom WorldWide SA | 1,800,000 | 12,728 |
^Saab AB | 600,000 | 10,397 |
D. Carnegie & Co. AB | 792,120 | 9,647 |
| | 71,587 |
Switzerland (7.5%) | | |
*Sika Finanz AG (Bearer) | 31,510 | 22,401 |
Publigroupe SA | 75,000 | 21,494 |
Geberit AG | 25,000 | 17,299 |
Schindler Holding AG (Ptg. Ctf.) | 43,000 | 16,371 |
Kuoni Reisen Holding AG (Registered) | 41,000 | 15,375 |
Helvetia Patria Holding AG | 79,346 | 14,289 |
Jelmoli Holding AG | 9,249 | 13,368 |
Lindt & Spruengli AG | 6,500 | 11,001 |
BKW FMB Energie AG | 163,740 | 10,997 |
Bank Sarasin & Cie AG | 3,619 | 7,192 |
*Mobilezone Holding AG | 1,700,000 | 6,452 |
Valora Holding AG | 17,664 | 3,146 |
| | 159,385 |
Taiwan (1.2%) | | |
*E.Sun Financial Holding Co., Ltd. GDR | 737,845 | 11,078 |
*2Basso Industry Warrants Exp. 5/26/2006 | 2,063,260 | 5,277 |
*2Zyxel Communications Corp. Warrants Exp. 11/23/2007 | 2,500,000 | 5,094 |
*2Tong Yang Industry Co., Ltd. Warrants Exp. 4/7/2006 | 3,000,000 | 3,944 |
| | 25,393 |
Thailand (0.3%) | | |
Bank of Ayudhya PLC (Foreign) | 22,500,000 | 6,860 |
United Kingdom (19.6%) | | |
SIG PLC | 1,450,000 | 17,468 |
Resolution PLC | 1,400,000 | 14,676 |
Carillion PLC | 2,800,000 | 13,761 |
Babcock International Group PLC | 3,600,000 | 11,962 |
John Laing PLC | 2,509,803 | 11,754 |
Findel PLC | 1,500,000 | 11,425 |
Inchape PLC | 310,000 | 11,317 |
Meggitt PLC | 2,024,643 | 10,847 |
The Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Co. | 1,500,000 | 10,733 |
WS Atkins PLC | 850,000 | 10,640 |
Intermediate Capital Group PLC | 480,000 | 10,541 |
Bellway PLC | 650,000 | 10,010 |
Balfour Beatty PLC | 1,850,000 | 9,997 |
J.D. Wetherspoon PLC | 1,900,000 | 9,944 |
Greggs PLC | 115,000 | 9,723 |
Speedy Hire PLC | 770,000 | 9,716 |
ICAP PLC | 1,500,000 | 9,178 |
Redrow PLC | 1,200,000 | 9,047 |
Forth Ports PLC | 380,000 | 8,950 |
Whatman PLC | 1,801,504 | 8,924 |
16
| | |
Abbot Group PLC | 2,000,000 | 8,823 |
Quintain Estates & Development PLC | 900,000 | 8,646 |
Headlam Group PLC | 1,200,000 | 8,532 |
Alexon Group PLC | 1,900,000 | 8,008 |
The Go-Ahead Group PLC | 320,000 | 7,790 |
Stagecoach Group PLC | 3,900,000 | 7,406 |
Wilson Bowden PLC | 370,000 | 7,367 |
Paragon Group Cos. PLC | 800,000 | 7,216 |
The Future Network PLC | 7,200,000 | 7,207 |
Close Brothers Group PLC | 525,000 | 7,128 |
Chrysalis Group PLC | 3,000,000 | 7,013 |
Domestic & General Group PLC | 500,000 | 6,994 |
National Express Group PLC | 450,000 | 6,554 |
London Merchant Securities PLC | 1,700,000 | 6,413 |
First Choice Holidays PLC | 1,800,000 | 6,225 |
Goldshield Group PLC | 945,601 | 6,002 |
*CSR PLC | 450,000 | 5,732 |
Taylor Woodrow PLC | 1,000,000 | 5,545 |
*Cairn Energy PLC | 175,000 | 5,354 |
Shaftesbury PLC | 850,000 | 5,302 |
Devro PLC | 2,300,000 | 5,231 |
Alfred McAlpine Group PLC | 800,000 | 4,887 |
*Premier Oil PLC | 356,503 | 4,578 |
Nestor Healthcare Group PLC | 2,149,235 | 4,358 |
BPP Holdings PLC | 680,000 | 4,320 |
AEA Technology PLC | 2,581,250 | 3,586 |
*SCi Entertainment Group PLC | 366,890 | 3,506 |
Lawrence PLC | 575,000 | 3,456 |
Ultra Electronics Holdings PLC | 200,000 | 3,117 |
RM PLC | 1,000,000 | 2,974 |
*London Clubs International PLC | 1,300,000 | 2,798 |
Games Workshop Group PLC | 400,000 | 2,741 |
Bovis Homes Group PLC | 241,151 | 2,563 |
Grainger Trust PLC | 300,000 | 2,307 |
Liontrust Asset Management PLC | 428,549 | 2,207 |
Stanley Leisure PLC | 203,636 | 2,189 |
French Connection Group, PLC | 461,255 | 1,924 |
McCarthy & Stone PLC | 100,000 | 1,132 |
Reed Health Group PLC | 984,540 | 624 |
Low & Bonar PLC | 66,549 | 135 |
| | 418,503 |
Total Common Stocks (Cost $1,689,385) | | 2,094,407 |
Temporary Cash Investments (7.5%) | | |
3 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851% | 21,283,211 | 21,283 |
3 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 3.851%--Note G | 137,355,988 | 137,356 |
Total Temporary Cash Investments (Cost $158,639) | | 158,639 |
Total Investments (105.8%) (Cost $1,848,024) | | 2,253,046 |
Other Assets and Liabilities (-5.8%) | | |
Other Assets--Note C | | 29,953 |
Security Lending Collateral Payable to Brokers--Note G | | (137,356) |
Other Liabilities | | (15,249) |
| | (122,652) |
Net Assets (100%) | | |
Applicable to 118,398,808 outstanding | | |
$.001 par value shares of beneficial | | |
interest (unlimited authorization) | | 2,130,394 |
Net asset value per share | | $17.99 |
17
At October 31, 2005, net assets consisted of:4 | | |
---|
| Amount ($000) | Per Share |
---|
|
Paid-in Capital | 1,531,831 | $12.94 |
|
Undistributed Net | | |
|
Investment Income | 35,697 | .30 |
|
Accumulated Net Realized Gains | 157,940 | 1.33 |
|
Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | | |
|
Investment Securities | 405,022 | 3.42 |
|
Foreign Currencies | (96) | .00 |
|
Net Assets | 2,130,394 | $17.99 |
|
• See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.
* Non-income-producing security.
^ Part of security position is on loan to broker/dealers.
See Note G in Notes to Financial Statements.
1 Security acquired through a stock split on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis for which the fund has not taken delivery as of October 31, 2005.
2 Security exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. Such securities may be sold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers. At October 31, 2005, the aggregate value of these securities was $14,315,000, representing 0.7% of net assets.
3 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.
4 See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.
GDR--Global Depositary Receipt.
(Ptg. Ctf.)--Participating Certificate.
18
Statement of Operations
| Year Ended October 31, 2005
|
---|
| ($000) |
---|
|
Investment Income | |
|
Income | |
|
Dividends1, 2 | 49,051 |
|
Interest2 | 1,924 |
|
Security Lending | 1,945 |
|
Total Income | 52,920 |
|
Expenses | |
|
Investment Advisory Fees--Note B | |
|
Basic Fee | 4,122 |
|
Performance Adjustment | 461 |
|
The Vanguard Group--Note C | |
|
Management and Administrative | 4,159 |
|
Marketing and Distribution | 365 |
|
Custodian Fees | 825 |
|
Auditing Fees | 23 |
|
Shareholders' Reports | 49 |
|
Trustees' Fees and Expenses | 3 |
|
Total Expenses | 10,007 |
|
Expenses Paid Indirectly--Note D | (246) |
|
Net Expenses | 9,761 |
|
Net Investment Income | 43,159 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | |
|
Investment Securities Sold2 | 167,723 |
|
Foreign Currencies | (554) |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | 167,169 |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | |
|
Investment Securities | 228,623 |
|
Foreign Currencies | (220) |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | 228,403 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 438,731 |
|
1 Dividends are net of foreign withholding taxes of $2,048,000.
2 Dividend income, interest income, and realized net gain (loss) from affiliated companies of the fund were $0, $1,922,000, and ($2,164,000), respectively.
19
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005 ($000) | 2004 ($000)
|
---|
|
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets | | |
|
Operations | | |
|
Net Investment Income | 43,159 | 22,555 |
|
Realized Net Gain (Loss) | 167,169 | 38,716 |
|
Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | 228,403 | 125,916 |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 438,731 | 187,187 |
|
Distributions | | |
|
Net Investment Income | (26,364) | (3,151) |
|
Realized Capital Gain1 | (31,856) | -- |
|
Total Distributions | (58,220) | (3,151) |
|
Capital Share Transactions--Note H | | |
|
Issued | 350,261 | 1,163,426 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | 51,862 | 2,859 |
|
Redeemed2 | (229,461) | (193,301) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions | 172,662 | 972,984 |
|
Total Increase (Decrease) | 553,173 | 1,157,020 |
|
Net Assets | | |
|
Beginning of Period | 1,577,221 | 420,201 |
|
End of Period3 | 2,130,394 | 1,577,221 |
|
1 Includes fiscal 2005 short-term gain distributions totaling $20,871,000. Short-term gain distributions are treated as ordinary income dividends for tax purposes.
2 Net of redemption fees of $28,000 and $253,000.
3 Including undistributed net investment income of $35,697,000 and $19,807,000.
20
Financial Highlights
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 20021 | 2001 |
---|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $14.64 | $11.89 | $8.11 | $9.07 | $15.50 |
|
Investment Operations | | | | | |
|
Net Investment Income | .37 | .2732 | .142 | .08 | .05 |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain | | | | | |
(Loss) on Investments | 3.51 | 2.544 | 3.70 | (.90 | (3.78) |
|
Total from Investment Operations | 3.88 | 2.817 | 3.84 | (.82 | (3.73) |
|
Distributions | | | | | |
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income | (.24) | (.067) | (.06) | (.14 | (.09) |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains | (.29) | -- | -- | -- | (2.61) |
|
Total Distributions | (.53) | (.067) | (.06) | (.14 | (2.70) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $17.99 | $14.64 | $11.89 | $8.11 | $9.07 |
|
| | | | | |
Total Return3 | 27.04% | 23.79% | 47.70% | -9.24% | -28.67% |
|
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | |
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) | $2,130 | $1,577 | $420 | $96 | $22 |
|
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets4 | 0.50% | 0.57% | 0.73% | 1.04%5 | 1.50%5 |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income (Loss) | | | | | |
to Average Net Assets | 2.17% | 1.96% | 1.52% | 1.13 | 0.15% |
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate | 38% | 21% | 60% | 40 | 48% |
|
1 Schroder International Smaller Companies Fund reorganized into Vanguard International Explorer Fund effective June 29, 2002.
2 Calculated based on average shares outstanding.
3 Total returns do not reflect the 2% fee assessed on redemptions of shares purchased on or after June 27, 2003, and held for less than two months.
4 Includes performance-based investment advisory fee increases (decreases) of 0.02% for 2005, 0.00% for 2004, and 0.00% for 2003.
5 Expense ratios before waivers and reimbursements of expenses were 1.55% for 2002 and 2.19% for 2001.
21
Notes to Financial Statements
Vanguard International Explorer Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Whitehall Funds. The fund invests in securities of foreign issuers, which may subject it to investment risks not normally associated with investing in securities of United States corporations.
A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.
1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued at their fair values calculated according to procedures adopted by the board of trustees. These procedures include obtaining quotations from an independent pricing service, monitoring news to identify significant market- or security-specific events, and evaluating changes in the values of foreign market proxies (for example, ADRs, futures contracts, or exchange-traded funds), between the time the foreign markets close and the fund’s pricing time. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a fund to calculate its net asset value may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value.
2. Foreign Currency: Securities and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates on the valuation date as employed by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) in the calculation of its indexes. As part of the fund’s fair-value procedures, exchange rates may be adjusted if they change significantly before the fund’s pricing time but after the time at which the MSCI rates are determined (generally 11:00 a.m. Eastern time).
Realized gains (losses) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investment securities include the effects of changes in exchange rates since the securities were purchased, combined with the effects of changes in security prices. Fluctuations in the value of other assets and liabilities resulting from changes in exchange rates are recorded as unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) until the asset or liability is settled in cash, when they are recorded as realized foreign currency gains (losses).
3. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.
4. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
5. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.
22
6. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.
B. Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. provides investment advisory services to the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets. The basic fee is subject to quarterly adjustments based on the fund’s performance since July 31, 2002, relative to the S&P/Citigroup Extended Market Europe & Pacific Index. For the year ended October 31, 2005, the investment advisory fee represented an effective annual basic rate of 0.21% of the fund’s average net assets, before an increase of $461,000 (0.02%) based on performance.
C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At October 31, 2005, the fund had contributed capital of $264,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.26% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.
D. The fund has asked its investment advisor to direct certain security trades, subject to obtaining the best price and execution, to brokers who have agreed to rebate to the fund part of the commissions generated. Such rebates are used solely to reduce the fund’s management and administrative expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2005, these arrangements reduced the fund’s expenses by $246,000 (an annual rate of 0.01% of average net assets).
E. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes.
During the year ended October 31, 2005, the fund realized net foreign currency losses of $554,000, which decreased distributable net income for tax purposes; accordingly, such losses have been reclassified from accumulated net realized gains to undistributed net investment income. Certain of the fund’s investments are in securities considered to be “passive foreign investment companies,” for which any unrealized appreciation and/or realized gains are required to be included in distributable net income for tax purposes. During the year ended October 31, 2005, the fund realized gains on sales of “passive foreign investment companies” of $1,984,000, which have been included in current and prior periods’ taxable income; accordingly such gains have been reclassified from accumulated net realized losses to undistributed net investment income. Unrealized appreciation on passive foreign investment company holdings at October 31, 2005, was $8,647,000, including $3,688,000 that has been distributed and is reflected in the balance of undistributed net investment income.
The fund used a tax accounting practice to treat a portion of the price of capital shares redeemed during the year as distributions from net investment income and realized capital gains. Accordingly, the fund has reclassified $2,335,000 from undistributed net investment income, and $7,719,000 from accumulated net realized gains, to paid-in capital.
For tax purposes, at October 31, 2005, the fund had $91,397,000 of ordinary income and $112,128,000 of long-term capital gains available for distribution.
23
At October 31, 2005, net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $396,375,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $447,217,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $50,842,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.
F. During the year ended October 31, 2005, the fund purchased $861,518,000 of investment securities and sold $719,802,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.
G. The market value of securities on loan to broker/dealers at October 31, 2005, was $130,664,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $137,356,000.
H. Capital shares issued and redeemed were:
| Year Ended October 31,
|
---|
| 2005 (000) | 2004 (000) |
---|
|
Issued | 20,996 | 86,392 |
|
Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions | 3,314 | 228 |
|
Redeemed | (13,608) | (14,261) |
|
Net Increase (Decrease) in Shares Outstanding | 10,702 | 72,359 |
|
I. One of the fund’s investments was in a company that was considered to be an affiliated company of the fund because the fund owned more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of the company. Transactions during the period in securities of this company were as follows:
| | Current Period Transactions
| | |
---|
| Oct. 31, 2004 Market Value ($000) | Purchases at Cost ($000) | Proceeds from Securities Sold ($000) | Dividend Income ($000) | Oct. 31, 2005 Market Value ($000) |
---|
|
Wedins Skor & Accessoarer AB | | | | | |
|
B Shares | 1,213 | 1,108 | 2,430 | -- | -- |
|
24
Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Trustees of Vanguard International Explorer Fund:
In our opinion, the accompanying statement of net assets and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vanguard International Explorer Fund (the “Fund”) at October 31, 2005, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the Fund’s management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of securities at October 31, 2005 by correspondence with the custodians and broker, and by agreement to the underlying ownership records for Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
December 9, 2005
Special 2005 tax information (unaudited) for Vanguard International Explorer Fund
This information for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005, is included pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The fund distributed $16,468,000 as capital gain dividends (from net long-term capital gains) to shareholders during the fiscal year.
The fund distributed $17,247,000 of qualified dividend income to shareholders during the fiscal year. The fund will pass through to shareholders foreign source income of $51,119,000 and foreign taxes paid of $2,068,000. The pass-through of foreign taxes paid will affect only shareholders on the dividend record date in December 2005. Shareholders will receive more detailed information along with their Form 1099-DIV in January 2006.
25
Your Fund’s After-Tax Returns
This table presents returns for your fund both before and after taxes. The after-tax returns are shown in two ways: (1) assuming that an investor owned the fund during the entire period and paid taxes on the fund’s distributions, and (2) assuming that an investor paid taxes on the fund’s distributions and sold all shares at the end of each period.
Calculations are based on the highest individual federal income tax and capital gains tax rates in effect at the times of the distributions and the hypothetical sales. State and local taxes were not considered. After-tax returns reflect the reduced tax rates on ordinary income (including qualified dividend income) and short-term capital gains that became effective as of January 1, 2003, and on long-term capital gains realized on or after May 6, 2003. To calculate qualified dividend income, we used actual prior-year figures and estimates for 2005. (In the example, returns after the sale of fund shares may be higher than those assuming no sale. This occurs when the sale would have produced a capital loss. The calculation assumes that the investor received a tax deduction for the loss.) Please note that your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. Also note that if you own the fund in a tax-deferred account, such as an individual retirement account or a 401(k) plan, this information does not apply to you. Such accounts are not subject to current taxes. Finally, keep in mind that a fund’s performance—whether before or after taxes—does not guarantee future results.
Average Annual Total Returns: International Explorer Fund1 Periods Ended October 31, 2005 | | |
---|
| One Year | Five Years
| Since Inception2 |
---|
|
Returns Before Taxes | 27.04% | 8.50% | 13.11% |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions | 26.06 | 7.01 | 11.00 |
|
Returns After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 17.91 | 6.46 | 10.22 |
|
1 Total returns do not reflect the 2% fee assessed on redemptions of shares purchased on or after June 27, 2003, and held for less than two months.
2 November 4, 1996.
26
About Your Fund’s Expenses
As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund. A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period. The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:
• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.
To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”
• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.
Six Months Ended October 31, 2005 | | | |
---|
| Beginning Account Value | Ending Account Value | Expenses Paid During |
---|
|
International Explorer Fund | 4/30/2005 | 10/31/2005 | Period1 |
|
Based on Actual Fund Return | $1,000.00 | $1,091.63 | $2.58 |
|
Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return | $1,000.00 | $1,022.74 | $2.50 |
|
Note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only; they do not include your fund’s low-balance fee or the 2% redemption fee that applies to shares held for less than two months. These fees are fully described in the prospectus. If the fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”
1 The calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratio for that period is 0.49%. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.
27
The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions. You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios for the past five years, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to the appropriate fund prospectus.
28
Trustees Renew Advisory Agreement
The board of trustees of Vanguard International Explorer Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory agreement with Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. The board determined that the retention of the advisor was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.
The board based its decision upon its most recent evaluation of the advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.
Nature, extent, and quality of services
The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both short- and long-term periods and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the advisor. The board concluded that Schroder has a long history as a successful investment manager. Schroder’s parent company has existed for more than 200 years and has investment-management experience dating back to 1926. The fund is managed by an experienced five-member team—the Schroder International Smallcap Investment Committee—led, since 2000, by Matthew Dobbs. Mr. Dobbs has been with Schroder since 1981.
The board concluded that the advisor’s experience, stability, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisory agreement.
Investment performance
The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of relevant benchmarks and peer groups. The board concluded that the advisor has carried out the fund’s investment strategy in disciplined fashion. Further, the board concluded that the fund has outperformed the S&P/Citigroup EM EPAC Index over the short term (one year) and since the fund’s inception in 1996. The fund has also outperformed its average peer over the short and long term. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.
Cost
The fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The fund’s advisory fee was also well below the peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate. The board did not consider profitability of Schroder in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because Schroder is independent of Vanguard and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.
The benefit of economies of scale
The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedule. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.
The advisory agreement will continue for one year and is renewable by the fund’s board after that for successive one-year periods.
29
Vanguard’s Policies for Managing Changes
to Investment Advisory Arrangements
The boards of trustees of the Vanguard funds and Vanguard have adopted practical and cost-effective policies for managing the funds’ arrangements with their unaffiliated investment advisors, as permitted by an order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Background
In 1993, Vanguard was among the first mutual fund companies to streamline the process of changing a fund’s investment advisory arrangements. In essence, the SEC order enabled the boards of the Vanguard funds to enter into new or revised advisory arrangements without the delay and expense of a shareholder vote. This ability, which is subject to a number of SEC conditions designed to protect shareholder interests, has saved the Vanguard funds and their shareholders several million dollars in proxy costs since 1993. It has also enabled the funds’ trustees to quickly implement advisory changes in the best interest of shareholders. Over the past 12 years, as the SEC gained experience in this area, it has granted more flexible conditions to other fund companies. Consequently, Vanguard received the SEC’s permission to update its policies concerning its arrangements with outside investment advisors.
Our updated policies
Vanguard is adopting several additional practical and cost-effective policies in managing the Vanguard funds’ investment advisory arrangements:
Statement of Additional Information (SAI). Vanguard funds that employ an unaffiliated investment advisor will now show advisory fee information on an aggregate basis in their SAIs. (A fund’s SAI provides more detailed information than its prospectus and is available to investors online at Vanguard.com® or upon request.) Previously, separate fee schedules were presented for each unaffiliated advisor. Each fund’s SAI will also include the amount paid by the fund for any investment advisory services provided on an at-cost basis by The Vanguard Group. Reporting advisory fees in this manner is the same approach used by other fund companies that have received similar SEC exemptive orders.
Shareholder notification. Like other fund companies, Vanguard will have up to 90 days after a fund enters into a new advisory agreement to notify shareholders of the change. Previously, shareholders were notified at least 30 days before any such change, if possible. In practice, Vanguard expects to continue notifying shareholders of advisory changes as soon as is practical, taking into account opportunities to reduce postage expenses by enclosing notices with previously scheduled mailings.
Redemption fees. Vanguard International Explorer Fund charges a redemption fee on shares redeemed within two months of purchase. Previously, redemption fees were required to be waived for 90 days after giving notice of a fund advisory change. The SEC has not generally applied this requirement to other fund companies and has now eliminated it for Vanguard. (Redemption fees—which are paid to the fund, not to Vanguard—are designed to ensure that short-term investors pay their fair share of a fund’s transaction costs.)
30
Glossary
Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.
Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.
R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.
Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.
Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.
31
The People Who Govern Your Fund
The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.
A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.
Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.
Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee
John J. Brennan1
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Born 1954 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee since May 1987 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Director/ Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
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IndependentTrustees |
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Charles D. Ellis
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Born 1937 Trustee since January 2001 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. |
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Rajiv L. Gupta
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Born 1945 Trustee since December 20012 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified manufacturing and services) (since 2005); Trustee of Drexel University and of the Chemical Heritage Foundation. |
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JoAnn Heffernan Heisen
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Born 1950 Trustee since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Vice President, Chief Information Officer, and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson & Johnson (pharmaceuticals/ consumer products); Director of the University Medical Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute. |
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André F. Perold
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Born 1952 Trustee since December 2004 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School (since 2000); Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) (since 2003); Director of registered investment companies advised by Merrill Lynch Investment Managers and affiliates (1985–2004), Genbel Securities Limited (South African financial services firm) (1999–2003), Gensec Bank (1999–2003), Sanlam Investment Management (1999–2001), Sanlam, Ltd. (South African insurance company) (2001–2003), Stockback, Inc. (credit card firm) (2000–2002), and Bulldogresearch.com (investment research) (1999–2001); and Trustee of Commonfund (investment management) (1989–2001). |
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Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.
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Born 1941 Trustee since January 1993 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services); Director of Standard Products Company (supplier for the automotive industry) until 1998. |
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J. Lawrence Wilson
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Born 1936 Trustee since April 1985 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines), MeadWestvaco Corp. (packaging products), and AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of Culver Educational Foundation. |
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Executive Officers1 |
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Heidi Stam
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Born 1956 Secretary since July 2005 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group since November 1997; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since July 2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group since July 2005. |
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Thomas J. Higgins
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Born 1957 Treasurer since July 1998 133 Vanguard Funds Overseen | Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group. |
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Vanguard Senior Management Team |
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R. Gregory Barton |
Mortimer J. Buckley |
James H. Gately |
Kathleen C. Gubanich |
F. William McNabb, III |
Michael S. Miller |
Ralph K. Packard |
George U. Sauter
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Founder |
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John C. Bogle
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974-1996 |
1 | Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940. |
2 | December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds. |
| More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group. |
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P.O. Box 2600
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600
Connect with Vanguard™ > www.vanguard.com
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Fund Information > 800-662-7447 | Vanguard, Explorer, Vanguard.com, Connect with |
| Vanguard, and the ship logo are trademarks of |
Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739 | The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
| |
Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036 | All other marks are the exclusive property of their |
| respective owners. |
Text Telephone > 800-952-3335 | |
| All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc. |
| or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted. |
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This material may be used in conjunction | |
with the offering of shares of any Vanguard | You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard's proxy voting |
fund only if preceded or accompanied by | guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com, |
the fund's current prospectus | and searching for "proxy voting guidelines," or by calling |
| Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from |
| the SEC's website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may |
| obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies for |
| securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30. |
| To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com or |
| www.sec.gov. |
| |
| You can review and copy information about your fund |
| at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. |
| To find out more about this public service, call the SEC |
| at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is also |
| available on the SEC's website, and you can receive |
| copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a |
| request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to |
| publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the |
| Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange |
| Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102. |
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| (C) 2005 The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
| All rights reserved. |
| Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor. |
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| Q1260 122005 |
Item 2: Code of Ethics. The Board of Trustees has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller of the Registrant and The Vanguard Group, Inc., and to persons performing similar functions.
Item 3: Audit Committee Financial Expert. All of the members of the Audit Committee have been determined by the Registrant’s Board of Trustees to be Audit Committee Financial Experts. The members of the Audit Committee are: Charles D. Ellis, Rajiv L. Gupta, JoAnn Heffernan Heisen, André F. Perold, Alfred M. Rankin, Jr., and J. Lawrence Wilson. All Audit Committee members are independent under applicable rules.
Item 4: Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
(a) Audit Fees.
Audit Fees of the Registrant
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $55,000
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $50,000
Aggregate Audit Fees of Registered Investment Companies in the Vanguard Group
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $2,152,740
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $1,685,500
(b) Audit-Related Fees.
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $382,200
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $257,800
Includes fees billed in connection with assurance and related services provided to the Registrant, The Vanguard Group, Inc., Vanguard Marketing Corporation, and other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group.
(c) Tax Fees.
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $98,400
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $76,400
Includes fees billed in connection with tax compliance, planning and advice services provided to the Registrant, The Vanguard Group, Inc., Vanguard Marketing Corporation, and other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group and related to income and excise taxes.
(d) All Other Fees.
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $0
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $0
Includes fees billed for services related to risk management and privacy matters. Services were provided to the Registrant, The Vanguard Group, Inc., Vanguard Marketing Corporation, and other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group.
(e) (1) Pre-Approval Policies. The policy of the Registrant’s Audit Committee is to consider and, if appropriate, approve before the principal accountant is engaged for such services, all specific audit and non-audit services provided to: (1) the Registrant; (2) The Vanguard Group, Inc.; (3) other entities controlled by The Vanguard Group, Inc. that provide ongoing services to the Registrant; and (4) other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group. In making a determination, the Audit Committee considers whether the services are consistent with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.
In the event of a contingency situation in which the principal accountant is needed to provide services in between scheduled Audit Committee meetings, members of the Audit Committee would be called on to consider and, if appropriate, pre-approve audit or permitted non-audit services in an amount sufficient to complete services through the next Audit Committee meeting, and to determine if such services would be consistent with maintaining the accountant’s independence. At the next scheduled Audit Committee meeting, services and fees would be presented to the Audit Committee for formal consideration, and, if appropriate, approval by the entire Audit Committee. The Audit Committee would again consider whether such services and fees are consistent with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.
The Registrant’s Audit Committee is informed at least annually of all audit and non-audit services provided by the principal accountant to the Vanguard complex, whether such services are provided to: (1) the Registrant; (2) The Vanguard Group, Inc.; (3) other entities controlled by The Vanguard Group, Inc. that provide ongoing services to the Registrant; or other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group.
(2) No percentage of the principal accountant’s fees or services were approved pursuant to the waiver provision of paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.
(f) For the most recent fiscal year, over 50% of the hours worked under the principal accountant’s engagement were not performed by persons other than full-time, permanent employees of the principal accountant.
(g) Aggregate Non-Audit Fees.
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2005: $98,400
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: $76,400
Includes fees billed for non-audit services provided to the Registrant, The Vanguard Group, Inc., Vanguard Marketing Corporation, and other registered investment companies in the Vanguard Group.
(h) For the most recent fiscal year, the Audit Committee has determined that the provision of all non-audit services was consistent with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.
Item 5: Not applicable.
Item 6: Not applicable.
Item 7: Not applicable.
Item 8: Not applicable.
Item 9: Not applicable.
Item 10: Not applicable
Item 11: Controls and Procedures.
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Principal Executive and Financial Officers concluded that the Registrant’s Disclosure Controls and Procedures are effective based on their evaluation of the Disclosure Controls and Procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report.
(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no significant changes in Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect this control subsequent to the date of the evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Item 12: Exhibits.
(a) Code of Ethics.
(b) Certifications.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| VANGUARD WHITEHALL FUNDS
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BY: | (signature)
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| (HEIDI STAM) JOHN J. BRENNAN* CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| VANGUARD WHITEHALL FUNDS
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BY: | (signature)
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| (HEIDI STAM) JOHN J. BRENNAN* CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER |
| VANGUARD WHITEHALL FUNDS
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BY: | (signature)
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| (HEIDI STAM) THOMAS J. HIGGINS* TREASURER |
*By Power of Attorney. See File Number 33-19446, filed on September 23, 2005. Incorporated by Reference.