FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES | FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES Authoritative accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market. Valuation techniques that are consistent with the market or income approach are used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, and reasonably available. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which reflect the assumptions that the Company develops based on available information about what market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability. The following tables present the carrying values and estimated fair values at March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018 of financial assets and liabilities, excluding financial instruments that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, and information is provided on their classification within the fair value hierarchy. Such instruments are carried at amounts that approximate fair value due to their short-term nature and generally negligible credit risk. March 31, 2019 Assets Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Total Estimated Fair Value Cash $ 25,881,000 $ 25,881,000 $ — $ 25,881,000 Cash deposits with clearing organizations 336,000 336,000 — 336,000 Receivables from broker-dealers and clearing organizations 3,451,000 — 3,451,000 3,451,000 Forgivable loans receivable 1,444,000 — 1,444,000 1,444,000 Other Receivables, net 5,140,000 — 5,140,000 5,140,000 $ 36,252,000 $ 26,217,000 $ 10,035,000 $ 36,252,000 Liabilities Accrued commissions and payroll payable $ 9,614,000 $ — $ 9,614,000 $ 9,614,000 Accounts payable and accrued expenses (1) 9,443,000 — 9,443,000 9,443,000 $ 19,057,000 $ — $ 19,057,000 $ 19,057,000 (1) Excludes contingent consideration liabilities of $2,094,000 . September 30, 2018 Assets Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Total Estimated Fair Value Cash $ 27,920,000 $ 27,920,000 $ — $ 27,920,000 Cash deposits with clearing organizations 336,000 336,000 — 336,000 Receivables from broker-dealers and clearing organizations 3,967,000 — 3,967,000 3,967,000 Forgivable loans receivable 1,567,000 — 1,567,000 1,567,000 Other Receivables, net 4,265,000 — 4,265,000 4,265,000 $ 38,055,000 $ 28,256,000 $ 9,799,000 $ 38,055,000 Liabilities Accrued commissions and payroll payable $ 12,862,000 $ — $ 12,862,000 $ 12,862,000 Accounts payable and accrued expenses (1) 7,275,000 — 7,275,000 7,275,000 $ 20,137,000 $ — $ 20,137,000 $ 20,137,000 (1) Excludes contingent consideration liabilities of $744,000 . The following tables present the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018 : March 31, 2019 Assets Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Estimated Fair Value Securities owned: Corporate stocks $ 905,000 $ 905,000 $ — $ — $ 905,000 Restricted stock 1,000,000 — 1,000,000 — 1,000,000 Warrants 5,701,000 — 2,266,000 3,435,000 5,701,000 $ 7,606,000 $ 905,000 $ 3,266,000 $ 3,435,000 $ 7,606,000 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 2,094,000 $ — $ — $ 2,094,000 $ 2,094,000 $ 2,094,000 $ — $ — $ 2,094,000 $ 2,094,000 September 30, 2018 Assets Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Estimated Fair Value Securities owned: Corporate stocks $ 1,084,000 $ 1,084,000 $ — $ — $ 1,084,000 Restricted stock 670,000 — 670,000 — 670,000 Warrants 6,032,000 — 2,753,000 3,279,000 6,032,000 $ 7,786,000 $ 1,084,000 $ 3,423,000 $ 3,279,000 $ 7,786,000 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 744,000 $ — $ — $ 744,000 $ 744,000 $ 744,000 $ — $ — $ 744,000 $ 744,000 Changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended March 31, 2019 : Beginning Balance as of September 30, 2018 Net realized Gain or (losses) Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) Purchases Sales Transfer Into Level 3 (a) Transfer Out of Level 3 (b) Ending Balance as of March 31, 2019 Assets Warrants $ 3,279,000 $ — $ 155,000 $ — $ — $ 150,000 $ (149,000 ) $ 3,435,000 (a) The Company received warrants as part of investment banking transactions. (b) Transfers out consist of a transfer to Level 2 of a warrant as the underlying security became a publicly registered security and a warrant exercise. See changes in Level 3 liabilities (contingent consideration) measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended March 31, 2019 in Note 7. The table below presents information on the valuation techniques, significant unobservable inputs and their ranges for our financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis with a significant Level 3 balance. Financial Instruments Owned Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input(s) Input/Range Warrants $ 3,435,000 Market Approach Discount for lack of marketability Volatility 21% - 44% 56% - 122% Certain positions in common stock and warrants were received as compensation for investment banking services. Restricted common stock and warrants may be freely traded only upon the effectiveness of a registration statement covering them or upon the satisfaction of the requirements of Rule 144, including the requisite holding period. The unrealized loss for the change in fair value of such positions for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to approximately $723,000 and $469,000 , respectively, which is included in net dealer inventory (losses) gains. Warrants are carried at fair value as determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model takes into account the underlying securities’ current market values, the underlying securities’ market volatility, the terms of the warrants, exercise prices, and the risk-free return rate. A discount is applied for the warrants’ lack of marketability. The discount is based on the value of a protective put. Debt securities are valued based on recently executed transactions. |