UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F /A
[ ] REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) or 12(g) OF THESECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
[ X ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THESECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2007
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THESECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
[ ] SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THESECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _______________to _______________
Commission file number 0-30622
ANOORAQ RESOURCES CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant specified in its charter)
NOT APPLICABLE
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Suite 1020, 800 West Pender Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 2V6
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
- 2 -
Title of Each Class | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Shares | The American Stock Exchange |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
Number of outstanding shares of Registrant’s only class of common as of December 31, 2007:
185,208,607 Common Shares
and the number of outstanding common shares as of June 25, 2008 is 185,230,007
Indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405
Yes [ ] No [ X ]
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes [ ] No [ X ]
Indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 126-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one):
Large accelerated Filer [ ] Accelerated Filer [ X ] Non-accelerated Filer [ ]
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item Registrant has elected to follow:
Item 17 [ X ] Item 18 [ ]
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 126-2 of the Exchange Act.
Yes [ ] No [ X ]
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether Registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.
NOT APPLICABLE
- 3 -
CURRENCY AND EXCHANGE RATES
All monetary amounts contained in this Annual Report are, unless otherwise indicated, expressed in Canadian Dollars. On June 25, 2008, the Federal Reserve noon rate for Canadian Dollars was USD1.00: CAD 1.0135 (see Item 3 – "Key Information" for further historical exchange rate information).
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Explanation of amendment on Anooraq Resources Corporation Annual Report on Form 20-F/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007:
The Report of The Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (the “Report”) on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, included in the original Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on EDGAR on July 15, 2008, unnecessarily contained an explanatory paragraph, which our auditor has removed in their Report in this Amendment.. All other financial and other information contained in the originally filed Annual Report on Form 20-F remains unchanged.
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
PART 1
- 2 -
In this Annual Report on Form 20-F /A , all references to the "Company" or to "Anooraq" refer to Anooraq Resources Corporation and its subsidiaries, unless the context clearly otherwise requires. Certain terms used herein are defined in the text and others are included in this glossary of terms.
Anooraq uses the Canadian dollar as its reporting currency. All references in this document to "dollars" or "$" are expressed in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise indicated. On June 25, 2008 the Federal Reserve noon rate for Canadian dollars was USD1.00 to CAD1.0135. See also Item 3 - "Key Information" for more detailed currency and conversion information.
Except as noted, the information set forth in this Annual Report is as of June 25, 2008 and all information included in this document should only be considered correct as of such date.
References to this "Annual Report" are references to this Annual Report on Form 20-F /A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 20-F /A contains statements that constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements appear in a number of different places in this Annual Report and can be identified by words such as "anticipates", "estimates", "projects", "expects", "intends", "believes", "plans", or their negatives or other comparable words. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the Company's actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. The statements, including the statements contained in Item 3D "Risk Factors", Item 4B "Business Overview", Item 5 "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and Item 11 "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk", are inherently subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ significantly. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding the outlook for the Company's potential acquisitions, future operations, plans and timing for its exploration programs, statements about future market conditions, supply and demand conditions, forecasts of future costs and expenditures, the outcome of legal proceedings, and other expectations, intentions and plans that are not historical facts. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees and may involve risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements due to risks facing the Company or due to actual facts differing from the assumptions underlying the Company's predictions. Some of these risks and assumptions include:
- general economic and business conditions, including changes in interest rates;
- prices of natural resources, costs associated with mineral exploration and other economic conditions;
- natural phenomena;
- actions by government authorities, including changes in government regulation;
- uncertainties associated with legal proceedings;
- changes in the resources market;
- future decisions by management in response to changing conditions;
- the Company's ability to execute prospective business plans; and
- misjudgments in the course of preparing forward-looking statements.
- 3 -
The Company advises you that these cautionary remarks expressly qualify in their entirety all forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf. The Company assumes no obligation to update its forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting such statements. You should carefully review the cautionary statements and risk factors contained in this and other documents that the Company files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
- 4 -
Certain terms used herein are defined as follows:
AMEX | The American Stock Exchange. |
Anglo Platinum | Anglo Platinum Limited, a public company incorporated under the laws of South Africa. |
August 2004 Circular | The management information circular dated August 11, 2004 in respect of the extraordinary general meeting of the Company held on September 10, 2004, available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. |
BEE | Broad based black economic empowerment, as envisaged pursuant to the Mineral Development Act and related legislation and guidelines, being a strategy aimed at substantially increasing participation by HDPs at all levels in the economy of South Africa. BEE is aimed at redressing the imbalances of the past caused by the Apartheid system in South Africa, by seeking to substantially and equitably increase the ownership and management of South Africa’s resources by the majority of its citizens and so ensure broader and more meaningful participation in the economy by HDPs. |
BEE Warrants | The warrants for the issue of 167 million Anooraq common shares, issued by the Company to the Pelawan Trust pursuant to the settlement agreement with Pelawan dated as of December 28, 2006. |
Charter | The Broad Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African mining industry, signed by the DME, the South African Chamber of Mines and others on October 11, 2002. |
DME | The Government of South Africa acting through the Minister of Minerals and Energy and the Department of Minerals and Energy and their respective successors. |
Ga-Phasha Project | The Ga-Phasha PGM project, a BEE joint venture located on the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa, on the Paschaskraal, Klipfontein, Avoca and De Kamp farms. |
HDSI | Hunter Dickinson Services Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of Canada which is a related party to Anooraq. |
HDP | Historically Disadvantaged Persons, being South Africans (and entities controlled by them) who suffered under the discriminatory practices of the system of Apartheid, and includes certain trusts and companies in which such persons have interests, as contemplated in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement. |
Holdco | Richtrau No. 179 (Proprietary) Limited, a private company incorporated under the laws of South Africa which will be renamed Bokoni Platinum Holdings (Proprietary) Limited following completion of the Lebowa Transaction |
Holdco Shareholders Agreement | The shareholders’ agreement entered into between Plateau, RPM and Holdco dated March 28, 2008, to govern the relationship between Plateau and RPM as shareholders of Holdco. |
- 5 -
Lebowa Transaction | The transaction pursuant to which the Company will acquire an effective 51% interest in Lebowa platinum mine and an additional 1% interest in the Ga- Phasha, Boikgantsho and Kwanda joint ventures pursuant to the acquisition by Plateau of 51% of the shares in, and claims on shareholders loan account against, Holdco, which will, upon implementation of the transaction, own 100% of Lebowa Platinum Mines Limited, Micawber, Boikgantsho Platinum Mine (Proprietary) Limited, Kwanda Platinum Mine (Proprietary) Limited, and Richtrau No. 179 (Proprietary) Limited, for an aggregate cash consideration of ZAR3.6 billion. |
Micawber | Micawber 277 (Proprietary) Limited, a private company incorporated under the laws of South Africa and which holds the mineral title in respect of the Ga-Phasha Project. |
MineralDevelopment Act | TheMineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 2002 (South Africa). |
Pelawan | Pelawan Investments (Proprietary) Limited, a private company incorporated under the laws of South Africa. |
Pelawan RTO ShareExchange Agreement | The Share Exchange Agreement between Pelawan and Anooraq made as of January 21, 2004 and as amended from time to time. |
Pelawan RTOShareholdersAgreement | The Shareholders Agreement between Pelawan, Anooraq and the Pelawan Trust made as of September 19, 2004. |
Pelawan Trust | The independent South African trust established in accordance with a trust deed dated September 2, 2004, the trustees of which are Deneys Reitz Trustees (Proprietary) Limited, Tumelo Motsisi and Asna Chris Harold Motaung. |
PGM | Platinum Group Metals include platinum, palladium, rhodium and others. PGM are generally accompanied by gold so in this report, 3PGM means platinum, palladium and gold and 4PGM means platinum, palladium, rhodium and gold. |
Plateau | Plateau Resources (Proprietary) Limited, a corporation incorporated under the laws of South Africa, being an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Anooraq. |
Platreef Properties | The Platreef PGM properties located on the Northern Limb of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa, which includes the Kwanda JV, the Boikgantsho JV, and Rietfontein projects, and the Central Block properties. |
PPRust | Potgietersrust Platinum Limited, a private company incorporated under the laws of South Africa, being a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo Platinum. |
RTO | Reverse Take-Over whereby Pelawan acquired a controlling share of Anooraq Resources as a result of the Pelawan Shareholders Agreement between Pelawan, Anooraq and the Pelawan Trust made as of September 19, 2004. |
Royalty Bill | The third draft of theMineral and Petroleum Resources Royalty Bill, placed before the parliament of South Africa as a money bill by the South African Minister of Finance on December 6, 2007, in relation to proposed royalties to be levied by the state in respect of mineral resources. |
RPM | Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited, a public company incorporated under the laws of South Africa, being a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo Platinum. |
SARB | The Exchange Control Department of the South African Reserve Bank. |
South Africa | The Republic of South Africa. |
- 6 -
TSXV | TSX Venture Exchange Inc. |
ZAR | South African Rand, the currency of South Africa. |
Geological/Exploration Terms
Farm | A term commonly used in South Africa to describe the area of a mineral interest. |
Feldspar | A group of abundant rock-forming minerals, the most widespread of any mineral group and constituting 60% of the earth's crust. |
Feldspathic | Containing feldspar as a principal ingredient. |
Gabbro | Course grained mafic igneous rock. |
Mafic | Composed of dark ferromagnesian minerals. |
Mineral Deposit | A deposit of mineralization that may or may not be ore. Ore is determined by a full feasibility study. |
Mineral Symbols | Pt – Platinum; Pd – Palladium; Au – Gold; Ag – Silver; Cu – Copper; Cr – Chromium; Ni – Nickel; Pb – Lead; Rh – Rhodium; Ru – Ruthenium. |
Mineralized Material | A mineralized body that has been delineated by appropriately spaced drilling and/or underground sampling to support a sufficient tonnage and average grade of metals to warrant further exploration. Such a deposit does not qualify as a reserve until a comprehensive evaluation based upon unit cost, grade, recoveries, and other materials factors conclude legal and economic feasibility. "Mineralized Material" does not include materials classed as "inferred", a classification that is acceptable under Canadian regulations (see "Resource Category (Classification) Definitions" below). |
Norite | A coarse-grained plutonic rock in which the chief constituent is basic plagioclase feldspar (labradorite) and the dominant Mafic mineral is orthopyroxene (hypersthene). |
Pyroxenite | A medium or coarse-grained rock consisting essentially of pyroxene, a common rock forming mineral. |
- 7 -
Resource Category (Classification) Definitions
mineral reserve | Canadian National Instrument 43-101Standards of Disclosure for MineralProjects("NI 43-101") defines a “Mineral Reserve” as the economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility Study. This Study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, and economic and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified. A Mineral Reserve includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined. Mineral reserves are subdivided in order of increasing confidence into Probable Mineral Reserves and Proven Mineral Reserves. A Probable Mineral Reserve has a lower level of confidence than a Proven Mineral Reserve. (1) A “Probable Mineral Reserve” is the economically mineable part of an Indicated and, in some circumstances, a Measured Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility Study. This Study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified. (2) A “Proven Mineral Reserve” is the economically mineable part of a Measured Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility Study. This Study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction is justified. Industry Guide 7 – "Description of Property by Issuers Engaged or to beEngaged in Significant Mining Operations" of the Securities and Exchange Commission defines a ‘reserve’ as that part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination. |
mineral resource | Canadian National Instrument 43-101Standards of Disclosure for MineralProjects("NI 43-101") defines a "Mineral Resource" as a concentration or occurrence of diamonds, natural solid inorganic material, or natural solid fossilized organic material including base and precious metals, coal, and industrial minerals in or on the Earth’s crust in such form and quantity and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, geological characteristics and continuity of a Mineral Resource are known, estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge. Mineral Resources are sub-divided, in order of increasing geological confidence, into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applied to an Indicated Mineral Resource. An Indicated Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than an Inferred Mineral Resource but has a lower level of confidence than a Measured Mineral Resource. |
- 8 -
| (1)Inferred Mineral Resource.An ‘Inferred Mineral Resource’ is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity. The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes. (2)Indicated Mineral Resource.An ‘Indicated Mineral Resource’ is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed. (3)Measured Mineral Resource.A ‘Measured Mineral Resource’ is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters to support production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade continuity. Industry Guide 7 – "Description of Property by Issuers Engaged or to beEngaged in Significant Mining Operations"of the Securities and Exchange Commission does not define or recognize resources. As used in this Annual Report, "mineral resources" are as defined in NI 43-101. |
Currency and Measurement
All currency amounts in this Annual Report are stated in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.
Conversion of metric units into imperial equivalents is as follows:
Metric Units | Multiply by | Imperial Units |
hectares | 2.471 | = acres |
meters | 3.281 | = feet |
kilometers | 0.621 | = miles (5,280 feet) |
grams | 0.032 | = ounces (troy) |
tonnes | 1.102 | = tons (short) (2,000 lbs) |
grams/tonne | 0.029 | = ounces (troy)/ton |
- 9 -
| |
ITEM 1 | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
Not applicable.
- 10 -
| |
ITEM 2 | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE |
Not applicable.
- 11 -
A. | Selected Financial Data |
The following table presents selected financial data for the Company for the last five fiscal periods. This information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this document.
The Company’s annual financial statements have been audited by its current independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, Chartered Accountants for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, 2005 and the fourteen month fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, and by its former independent registered public accounting firm, De Visser Gray, Chartered Accountants, for the previous fiscal year. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles ("Canadian GAAP"). Note 13 to the financial statements included herein provides descriptions of the material measurement differences between Canadian GAAP and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("US GAAP") as they relate to the Company and a reconciliation to US GAAP of the Company's financial statements.
The selected financial data is presented in Canadian dollars and in accordance with Canadian GAAP and United States GAAP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
| | As at | |
CANADIAN GAAP | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December | | | October 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 31, 2003 | | | 2003 | |
Period End Balances | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (unaudited) | | | | |
Total assets | $ | 16,953 | | $ | 21,829 | | $ | 13,836 | | $ | 24,480 | | $ | 30,991 | | $ | 9,857 | |
Total liabilities | | 12,220 | | | 12,853 | | | 379 | | | 1,413 | | | 179 | | | 528 | |
Share capital and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
contributed surplus | | 65,110 | | | 55,056 | | | 55,032 | | | 52,338 | | | 48,283 | | | 25,573 | |
Deficit | | (60,376 | ) | | (46,080 | ) | | (41,575 | ) | | (29,271 | ) | | (17,471 | ) | | (16,244 | ) |
Working capital | | 5,356 | | | 12,143 | | | 4,781 | | | 14,375 | | | 26,599 | | | 5,112 | |
Equipment, net | | 105 | | | 73 | | | 174 | | | 198 | | | 13 | | | 17 | |
Mineral property interests | | 9,079 | | | 8,241 | | | 8,502 | | | 8,494 | | | 4,200 | | | 4,200 | |
Shareholders' equity | | 4,734 | | | 8,976 | | | 13,457 | | | 23,067 | | | 30,812 | | | 9,329 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Number of shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
outstanding | | 185,208,607 | | | 148,220,407 | | | 148,220,407 | | | 148,020,407 | | | 54,009,607 | | | 40,164,172 | |
- 12 -
US GAAP | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December | | | October 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 31, 2003 | | | 2003 | |
Period End Balances | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (unaudited) | | | | |
Total assets | $ | 17,227 | | $ | 21,829 | | $ | 13,836 | | $ | 24,480 | | $ | 30,991 | | $ | 9,857 | |
Total liabilities | | 12,493 | | | 12,853 | | | 379 | | | 1,413 | | | 179 | | | 528 | |
Share capital and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
contributed surplus | | 65,110 | | | 55,056 | | | 55,032 | | | 52,338 | | | 48,283 | | | 25,573 | |
Deficit | | (60,376 | ) | | (46,080 | ) | | (41,575 | ) | | (29,271 | ) | | (17,471 | ) | | (16,244 | ) |
Working capital | | 5,356 | | | 12,143 | | | 4,781 | | | 14,375 | | | 26,599 | | | 5,112 | |
Equipment, net | | 105 | | | 73 | | | 174 | | | 198 | | | 13 | | | 17 | |
Mineral property interests | | 9,079 | | | 8,241 | | | 8,502 | | | 8,494 | | | 4,200 | | | 4,200 | |
Shareholders' equity | | 4,734 | | | 8,976 | | | 13,457 | | | 23,067 | | | 30,812 | | | 9,329 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Number of shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
outstanding | | 185,208,607 | | | 148,220,407 | | | 148,220,407 | | | 148,020,407 | | | 54,009,607 | | | 40,164,172 | |
No dividends have been declared.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
CANADIAN GAAP | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 14 months | | | 2 months ended | | | 12 months | |
| | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | December 31 | | | ended | |
Statement of | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | 2003 | | | October 31 | |
Operations Data | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | (unaudited) | | | 2003 | |
Investment and other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income | $ | 800 | | $ | 118 | | $ | 120 | | $ | 486 | | $ | 24 | | $ | 46 | |
General and administrative | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
expenses | | 12,727 | | | 3,856 | | | 6,469 | | | 4,612 | | | 387 | | | 1,903 | |
Exploration expenditures | | 2,369 | | | 767 | | | 5,955 | | | 8,901 | | | 864 | | | 1,973 | |
Loss | | (14,296 | ) | | (4,505 | ) | | (12,304 | ) | | (13,027 | ) | | (1,227 | ) | | (3,829 | ) |
Loss per common share | | (0.08 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.08 | ) | | (0.18 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.11 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
US GAAP | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 14 months | | | 2 months ended | | | 12 months | |
| | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | December 31 | | | ended | |
Statement of | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | 2003 | | | October 31 | |
Operations Data | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | (unaudited) | | | 2002 | |
Investment and other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income | $ | 800 | | $ | 118 | | $ | 120 | | $ | 486 | | $ | 24 | | $ | 46 | |
General and administrative | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
expenses | | 12,727 | | | 3,856 | | | 6,469 | | | 4,612 | | | 387 | | | 1,903 | |
Exploration expenditures | | 2,369 | | | 767 | | | 5,955 | | | 8,901 | | | 864 | | | 1,973 | |
Loss | | (14,296 | ) | | (4,505 | ) | | (12,304 | ) | | (13,027 | ) | | (1,227 | ) | | (3,829 | ) |
Loss per common share | | (0.08 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.08 | ) | | (0.18 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.11 | ) |
See Item 17 for accompanying consolidated financial statements reconciled to United States generally accepted accounting principles for further details.
- 13 -
Annual Exchange Rates
The following table sets out the exchange rates, based on noon buying rates as published by the Bank of Canada, for the conversion of United States Dollars (USD) into Canadian Dollars (CAD) in effect at the end of the following periods, and the average exchange rates and the range of high and low exchange rates for such periods.
USD/CAD
| | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 14 months | | | 12 months | |
| | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | |
| | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | October 31 | | | October 31 | |
Fiscal period ended | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
End of Period | | 0.99 | | | 1.17 | | | 1.16 | | | 1.20 | | | 1.32 | |
Average for Period | | 1.08 | | | 1.13 | | | 1.21 | | | 1.30 | | | 1.44 | |
High for Period | | 1.19 | | | 1.17 | | | 1.27 | | | 1.38 | | | 1.54 | |
Low for Period | | 0.92 | | | 1.09 | | | 1.15 | | | 1.20 | | | 1.32 | |
The following table sets out the exchange rates, based on noon buying rates as certified by the Bank of Canada, for the conversion of Canadian Dollars into South African Rand (ZAR) in effect at the end of the following periods, and the average exchange rates and the range of high and low exchange rates for such periods.
CAD/ZAR
| | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 12 months | | | 14 months | | | 12 months | | | 12 months | |
| | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | | | ended | |
Fiscal period | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | October 31 | | | October 31 | |
ended | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | 2002 | |
End of Period | | 0.145 | | | 0.165 | | | 0.184 | | | 0.213 | | | 0.192 | | | 0.156 | |
Average for Period | | 0.152 | | | 0.169 | | | 0.191 | | | 0.202 | | | 0.181 | | | 0.147 | |
High for Period | | 0.169 | | | 0.195 | | | 0.213 | | | 0.222 | | | 0.202 | | | 0.168 | |
Low for Period | | 0.142 | | | 0.142 | | | 0.175 | | | 0.178 | | | 0.156 | | | 0.117 | |
Monthly Exchange Rates
The following table sets out the high and low exchange rates, based on noon buying rates as certified by the Bank of Canada, for the conversion of United States Dollars into Canadian Dollars in effect for the following months.
USD/CAD
| | January | | | February | | | March | | | April | | | May | | | June | |
| | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | |
Low for the period | | 0.9909 | | | 0.9765 | | | 0.9844 | | | 1.0014 | | | 0.9841 | | | 1.0032 | |
High for the period | | 1.0329 | | | 1.0171 | | | 1.0265 | | | 1.0234 | | | 1.0193 | | | 0.9690 | |
- 14 -
The following table sets out the high and low exchange rates, based on noon buying rates as certified by the Bank of Canada, for the conversion of Canadian Dollars into South African Rand in effect for the following months.
CAD/ZAR
| | January | | | February | | | March | | | April | | | May | | | June | |
| | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2008 | |
Low for the period | | 0.1344 | | | 0.1265 | | | 0.1222 | | | 0.1269 | | | 0.1279 | | | 0.1259 | |
High for the period | | 0.1514 | | | 0.1341 | | | 0.1275 | | | 0.1347 | | | 0.1348 | | | 0.1307 | |
B. | Capitalization and Indebtedness |
Not applicable.
C. | Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds |
Not applicable.
Investment in developmental stage ventures such as Anooraq is highly speculative and subject to numerous and substantial risks.
The Company faces risks in executing its business plan and achieving revenues. The following risks are material risks that the Company faces. The Company also faces the risks identified elsewhere in this Annual Report. If any of these risks occur, the Company’s business and its operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed and the Company may not be able to continue business operations as a going concern.
Exploration and Development
The exploration for and development of mineral deposits involves significant risks, which even a combination of careful evaluation, experience and knowledge may not eliminate. Although the discovery of an ore body may result in substantial rewards, few properties explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. Significant expenditures may be required to locate and establish ore reserves, to develop metallurgical processes and to construct mining and processing facilities at a particular site. It is impossible to ensure that the current exploration programs planned by Anooraq and its joint venture partners will result in a profitable commercial mining operation. Significant capital investment is required to achieve commercial production from successful exploration efforts.
The commercial viability of a mineral deposit is dependent upon a number of factors. These include deposit attributes such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure, current and future metal prices
- 15 -
(which can be cyclical), and government regulations, including those relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of minerals and necessary supplies and environmental protection. The complete effect of these factors, either alone or in combination, cannot be entirely predicted, and their impact may result in Anooraq not receiving an adequate return on invested capital.
The figures for mineral resources incorporated by reference herein are estimates and no assurance can be given that the anticipated tonnages and grades will be achieved or that the indicated level of recovery will be realized. Market fluctuations and the prices of metals may render resources uneconomic. Moreover, short-term operating factors relating to the mineral deposits, such as the need for orderly development of the deposits or the processing of new or different grades of ore, may cause a mining operation to be unprofitable in any particular accounting period.
No Ore
The Platreef Properties and the Ga-Phasha Project are in the exploration as opposed to the development stage and have no known body of economic mineralization. The known mineralization at these projects has not been determined to be ore. Although the Company believes that exploration data available is encouraging, particularly in respect to the Platreef Properties and Ga-Phasha projects, there can be no assurance that commercially mineable ore bodies exist. There is no certainty that any expenditure made in the exploration of the Company’s mineral properties will result in discoveries of commercially recoverable quantities of ore. Such assurance will require completion of final comprehensive feasibility studies and, possibly, further associated exploration and other work that concludes a potential mine at each of these projects is likely to be economic. In order to carry out exploration and development programs of any ore body and place it into commercial production, the Company must raise substantial additional funding.
Economic Risk
The likelihood of the future profitability of Anooraq’s operations may be significantly affected by changes in the market price of the metals it mines or explores for. The prices of PGM are volatile, and are affected by numerous factors beyond Anooraq’s control. The level of interest rates, the rate of inflation, world supply of PGM and stability of exchange rates can all cause fluctuations in these prices. Such external economic factors are in turn influenced by changes in international investment patterns, monetary systems and political developments. The prices of PGM have fluctuated in recent years, and future significant price declines could cause commercial production to be uneconomic and may have a material adverse effect on Anooraq’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Additional Funding Requirements
The Lebowa Transaction and further development and exploration of the various mineral properties in which Anooraq holds interests is dependent upon Anooraq’s ability to obtain financing through any or all of the joint venturing of projects, debt financing, equity financing or other means. There is no assurance that Anooraq will be successful in obtaining the required financing.
Mining
Mining operations generally involve a high degree of risk. Anooraq’s operations are subject to all the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of minerals. These include unusual and unexpected geological formations, rock falls, flooding and other conditions involved in the drilling and removal of material, any of which could result in damage to, or destruction of,
- 16 -
mines and other producing facilities, damage to life or property, environmental damage and possible legal liability. Although adequate precautions to minimize risk will be taken, milling operations are subject to hazards such as equipment failure or failure of retaining dams which may result in environmental pollution and consequent liability which would have a material adverse effect on Anooraq’s business and results of operation and financial condition.
Government Regulation
The exploration and mining activities of Anooraq are subject to various South African national, provincial and local laws governing prospecting, development, production, taxes, royalties, labour standards and occupational health, mine safety, toxic substances and other matters. Exploration activities and mining are also subject to various national, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. These laws mandate, among other things, the maintenance of certain air and water quality standards, and land reclamation. These laws also set forth limitations on the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous waste. Although Anooraq’s activities are currently carried out in accordance with all applicable rules and regulations, no assurance can be given that new rules and regulations will not be enacted or that existing rules and regulations will not be applied in a manner which could limit or curtail production or development. Amendments to current laws and regulations governing operations and activities of exploration, mining and milling or more stringent implementation thereof could have a material adverse effect on Anooraq’s business, results of operation and financial condition.
In 2003, the South African government presented the South African Parliament with the Royalty Bill, which proposed a royalty payable to the South African government for mineral production. In September 2006, the South African government issued a proposal to alter the proposed royalty rates, and a third draft of the Bill was placed before parliament on December 6, 2007, which confirms gross sales as the tax base but allows for deductions for beneficiation related expenses. The legislation has not yet been passed but is scheduled to become effective in 2009. It is currently not certain what the Act of Parliament resulting from the Royalty Bill will contain and what the effect of any resulting legislation will be. Due to this uncertainty, the Company is unable to definitively assess the impact thereof on its future operations. The Company may be adversely affected, as increased royalty fees may reduce the viability of the Company’s projects.
South African Government Empowerment Initiatives
The mining industry in South Africa, where the Company’s projects are located, is subject to extensive regulation. The regulatory environment is developing, lacks clarity in a number of areas and is subject to interpretation, review and amendment as the mining industry is further developed and liberalized. In addition, the regulatory process entails a public comment process, which makes the outcome of the legislation uncertain and may cause delays in the regulatory process. A number of significant matters have not been finalized, including the Royalty Bill, as well as legislation dealing with beneficiation. Anooraq cannot predict the outcome or timing of any amendments or modifications to applicable regulations or the interpretation thereof, the release of new regulations or their impact on its business.
In October 2002, the South African Government enacted the Mineral Development Act that deals with the state’s policy towards the future of ownership of minerals rights and the procedures for conducting mining transactions in South Africa. The Mineral Development Act is an ambitious statute with wide-ranging objectives, including sustainable development and the promotion of equitable access to South Africa’s mineral wealth by the inclusion of HDP into the industry. The Mineral Development Act came into effect in May 2004.
- 17 -
The South African Government has stated it will be issuing permits and licenses for prospecting and mining rights to applicants using a "scorecard" approach. Applicants will need to demonstrate their eligibility for consideration based upon the number of credits accumulated in terms of quantifiable ownership transformation criteria, such as employment equity and human resource development.
Future amendments to, and interpretations of, the economic empowerment initiatives by the South African Government and the South African courts could adversely affect the business of Anooraq and its operations and financial condition.
Joint Venture Risks
Anooraq holds the bulk of its assets in the form of participation interests of Plateau in joint ventures. Plateau’s interests in these projects are subject to the risks normally associated with the conduct of joint ventures. The existence or occurrence of one or more of the following circumstances and events could have a material adverse impact on Plateau’s profitability or the viability of its interests held through joint ventures, which could have a material adverse impact on Anooraq’s future cash flows, earnings, results of operations and financial condition: (i) disagreement with joint venture partners on how to proceed with exploration programs and how to develop and operate mines efficiently; (ii) inability of joint venture partners to meet their obligations to the joint venture or third parties; and (iii) litigation between joint venture partners regarding joint venture matters. See Item 5, "The Platreef Properties – Location and Property Description - Rietfontein Block" for a discussion of a current dispute with a joint venture partner.
Title Matters
While Anooraq has no reason to believe that the existence and extent of any of its properties is in doubt, title to mining properties is subject to potential claims by third parties claiming an interest in them. The mineral properties may be subject to previous unregistered agreements or transfers, and title may be affected by undetected defects or changes in mineral tenure laws. The Company’s mineral interests consist of mineral claims, which have not been surveyed, and therefore, the precise area and location of such claims or rights may be in doubt. The failure to comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including the failure to pay taxes or to carry out and file assessment work, may invalidate title to portions of the properties where the mineral rights are held by Anooraq.
The Corporation’s mineral properties are subject to land claims which may adversely impact the Corporation’s mineral rights
Each of the properties in which the Company has mineral rights is the subject of restitution claims by local communities. These restitution claims are against the government of South Africa and not the Company. While the Company does not believe that these claims will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s mineral rights or operations, there can be no assurance that the restitution claims may not have some adverse impact on the Company’s mineral rights or ability to explore, develop or mine its mineral properties.
Insurance and Uninsured Risks
Anooraq’s exploration operations are subject to a number of risks and hazards generally, including adverse environmental conditions, industrial accidents, labour disputes, unusual or unexpected geological conditions, ground or slope failures, cave-ins, changes in the regulatory environment and natural phenomena such as inclement weather conditions, floods and earthquakes. Such occurrences could result
- 18 -
in damage to mineral properties or production facilities, personal injury or death, environmental damage to Anooraq’s properties or the properties of others, delays in mining, monetary losses and possible legal liability.
Although Anooraq maintains insurance to protect against certain risks in such amounts as it considers to be reasonable, its insurance may not cover all the potential risks associated with a mining company’s operations. Anooraq may also be unable to maintain insurance to cover these risks at economically feasible premiums.
Insurance coverage may not continue to be available or may not be adequate to cover any resulting liability. Moreover, insurance against risks such as environmental pollution or other hazards as a result of exploration and production is not generally available to Anooraq or to other companies in the mining industry on acceptable terms. Anooraq might also become subject to liability for pollution or other hazards which may not be insured against or which Anooraq may elect not to insure against because of premium costs or other reasons. Losses from these events may cause Anooraq to incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect upon its financial performance and results of operations.
Political Risk
The principal assets of Anooraq are located in South Africa. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to enforce judgments obtained against Anooraq in Canada or the United States.
South Africa has recently undergone major constitutional changes to effect majority rule, and mineral title. Accordingly, many applicable laws are relatively new, resulting in risks such as possible misinterpretation of new laws, unilateral modification of mining or exploration rights, operating restrictions, increased taxes, environmental regulation, mine safety and other risks arising out of a new sovereignty over mining, any or all of which could have an adverse impact upon Anooraq. Anooraq’s operations may also be affected in varying degrees by political and economic instability, power interruptions, terrorism, crime, extreme fluctuations in currency exchange rates, and inflation.
Changes, if any, in mining or investment policies or shifts in political attitude in South Africa may adversely affect Anooraq’s operations or likelihood of future profitability. Operations may be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to, but not limited to, restrictions on production, price controls, export controls, currency remittance, income taxes, expropriation of property, foreign investment, maintenance of claims, environmental legislation, land use, land claims of local people, water use and mine safety.
The Government of South Africa exercises control over such matters as exploration and mining licensing, permitting, exporting and taxation, which may adversely impact on Anooraq’s ability to carry out exploration, development and mining activities. Failure to comply strictly with applicable laws, regulations and local practices relating to mineral right applications and tenure could result in loss, reduction or expropriation of entitlements, or the imposition of additional local or foreign parties as joint venture partners with carried or other interests.
Competition
The mineral exploration and mining business is competitive in all of its phases. Anooraq competes with numerous other companies and individuals, including competitors with greater financial, technical and other resources than Anooraq, in the search for and the acquisition of attractive mineral properties. Anooraq’s ability to acquire properties in the future will depend not only on its ability to develop its
- 19 -
present properties, but also on its ability to select and acquire suitable producing properties or prospects for mineral exploration. There is no assurance that Anooraq will continue to be able to compete successfully with its competitors in acquiring such properties or prospects.
Environmental Risks
Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner that will require stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects and a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees. There can be no assurance that future changes to environmental regulation, if any, will not adversely affect Anooraq’s operations. Environmental hazards may exist on the properties in which Anooraq holds interests which are unknown to Anooraq at present and which have been caused by previous or existing owners or operators of the properties. Furthermore, compliance with environmental reclamation, closure and other requirements may involve significant costs and other liabilities. In particular, Anooraq’s operations and exploration activities are subject to South African national and provincial laws and regulations governing protection of the environment. These laws are continually changing and, in general, are becoming more restrictive.
Dependence on Key Personnel
Anooraq is dependent on a relatively small number of key employees, the loss of any of whom may have an adverse effect on Anooraq. HIV/AIDS is prevalent in Southern Africa. Employees or contractors of the Company may have or could contract this potentially deadly virus. There has been a steady emigration of skilled personnel from Southern Africa in recent years. Generally, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS could cause lost employee man-hours and the emigration of skilled employees could adversely affect Anooraq’s ability to retain its employees.
Exchange Rate Fluctuations
Anooraq conducts operations in currencies other than Canadian dollars. The Company maintains most of its working capital in South African Rands (“ZAR”) or ZAR-denominated securities and converts its Canadian funds to foreign currencies, predominantly South African Rand, as certain payment obligations become due. The Company does not hedge the Company’s foreign currency exposure. Accordingly, the Company is subject to fluctuations in the rates of currency exchange between the Canadian dollar and these foreign currencies, and these fluctuations could materially affect its financial position and results of operations.
The price of PGM is denominated in United States dollars and, accordingly, Anooraq’s future results of operations, if any, will be denominated and paid in United States dollars. In order to earn or maintain property interests, certain of Anooraq’s payments are to be made in the local currency in the jurisdiction where the applicable property is located. As a result, fluctuations in the United States dollar against the Canadian dollar and in each of those currencies against the South African Rand, or the local currencies of other jurisdictions where properties of Anooraq may be located, could have a material adverse effect on Anooraq’s financial results which are denominated and reported in Canadian dollars.
Foreign Subsidiaries
Anooraq conducts operations through foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures, and substantially all of its assets are held in such entities. Accordingly, any limitation on the transfer of cash or other assets between the parent corporation and such entities, or among such entities, could restrict Anooraq’s ability to fund
- 20 -
its operations efficiently or its ability to transfer funds between the various entities of the corporation. Any such limitations, or the perception that such limitations may exist in the future, could have an adverse impact upon Anooraq’s valuation and stock price.
Anooraq Has No History of Earnings and No Foreseeable Earnings
Anooraq has a long history of losses and there can be no assurance that Anooraq will ever be profitable. Anooraq has paid no dividends on its shares since incorporation. Anooraq anticipates that it will retain future earnings and other cash resources for the future operation and development of its business. Anooraq does not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of any future dividends is at the discretion of Anooraq’s board of directors after taking into account many factors including Anooraq’s operating results, financial conditions and anticipated cash needs.
Going Concern Assumption
Anooraq’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming Anooraq will continue as a going concern; however, unless ongoing additional funding is obtained this assumption may have to change and Anooraq’s assets may have to be written down to asset prices realizable in insolvency or distress circumstances.
Anooraq’s Share Price is Volatile
The market price of a publicly traded stock, especially a resource issuer like Anooraq, is affected by many variables not directly related to the exploration success of Anooraq, including the market for junior resource stocks, the strength of the economy generally, the availability and attractiveness of alternative investments, and the breadth of the public market for the stock. The effect of these and other factors on the market price of the common shares suggests Anooraq’s shares will continue to be volatile.
Further, the penny stock rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from such rules; the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity in the secondary market for the Company’s common shares in the United States and shareholders may find it more difficult to sell their shares.
Certain of Anooraq’s Directors and Officers are Part-Time and Serve as Directors and Officers of Other Companies
Certain of the directors and officers of Anooraq serve as officers and/or directors of other resource exploration companies and are engaged in, and will continue to be engaged in, the search for additional resource opportunities on their own behalf and on behalf of other companies, and situations may arise where these directors and officers will be in direct competition with Anooraq. Such potential conflicts, if any, will be dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions of British Columbia corporate and common law. In order to avoid the possible conflict of interest which may arise between the directors’ duties to Anooraq and their duties to the other companies on whose boards they serve, the directors and officers of Anooraq expect that participation in exploration prospects offered to the directors will be allocated between the various companies that they serve on the basis of prudent business judgement and the relative financial abilities and needs of the companies to participate. The success of Anooraq and its ability to continue to carry on operations is dependent upon its ability to retain the services of certain key employees and members of its board of directors.
- 21 -
Significant Potential Equity Dilution
As at June 25, 2008 there were 7,670,000 options of Anooraq outstanding, of which all the options were in-the-money. Furthermore, subject to the settlement agreement with Pelawan dated as of December 28, 2006, the Company issued to the Pelawan Trust the BEE Warrants for the issue of 167 million Anooraq common shares. The BEE Warrants were exercisable until December 31, 2008 at the higher of (a) $1.35 if exercised on or before December 31, 2007 or $1.48 if exercised after December 31, 2007 or (b) at a price that is 50% less than the price per Anooraq common share payable by arms length parties under an equity financing undertaken by the Company that either raises an amount of at least $98,400,000 or is undertaken pursuant to a material transaction. On December 20, 2007, the Pelawan Trust exercised the BEE Warrants pursuant to an amended exercise procedure, by depositing an escrowed amount equal to the aggregate exercise price for the BEE Warrants (CAD 225 million or ZAR 1.586 billion) into an interest bearing account with Rand Merchant Bank (“RMB”), to be released pursuant to a deposit account agreement between RMB, Pelawan and Anooraq upon the satisfaction of certain release conditions. The Anooraq common shares underlying the BEE Warrants will be issued to the Pelawan Trust upon receipt by the Company of the exercise price per common share, plus the interest accrued thereon up to the date of release. The exercise of the outstanding options and the issue of the Anooraq common shares underlying the BEE Warrants will result in the issue by Anooraq of additional common shares and the unrestricted resale of these additional common shares may have a depressing effect on the current trading price of Anooraq's common shares.
Possible failure to complete the Lebowa Transaction
The Lebowa Transaction is subject to certain conditions and to normal commercial risks that the transaction may not be completed on the terms negotiated or at all. If closing of the Lebowa Transaction does not take place as contemplated, the Company could suffer adverse consequences, including the forfeiture of deposits or the loss of investor confidence.
Possible failure to realize anticipated benefits of the Lebowa Transaction
The Company is proposing to complete the Lebowa Transaction to realize its goal of becoming a significant PGM producer. Achieving the benefits of this and future acquisitions the Company may complete depends in part on successfully consolidating functions and integrating operations, procedures and personnel in a timely and efficient manner, as well as the Company’s ability to realize the anticipated growth opportunities and synergies from combining the acquired businesses and operations with those of the Company. The integration of acquired businesses requires the dedication of substantial management effort, time and resources which may divert management’s focus and resources from other strategic opportunities and from operational matters during this process. The integration process may result in the loss of key employees and the disruption of ongoing business, customer and employee relationships that may adversely affect the Company’s ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of these and future acquisitions.
Operational and resources and reserves risks relating to the Assets
The risk factors set forth herein relating to the mining business and the operations and reserves of the Company apply equally in respect of the assets that the Company intends to acquire pursuant to the Lebowa Transaction. In particular, the resources and reserve information contained in the technical report prepared by Snowden in respect of such assets is only an estimate of actual production from, and ultimate resources and reserves of, those properties. Reserves of those properties may be greater or less than the estimates contained in such report.
- 22 -
Risks related to the acquisition of mining properties
Acquisitions of mining properties or companies are based in large part on engineering, environmental and economic assessments made by the acquiror, independent engineers and consultants. These assessments include a series of assumptions regarding such factors as recoverability and marketability of PGM, environmental restrictions and prohibitions regarding releases and emissions of various substances, future prices of PGM and operating costs, future capital expenditures and royalties and other government levies which will be imposed over the producing life of the reserves. Many of these factors are subject to change and are beyond the control of the Company. All such assessments involve a measure of geologic, engineering, environmental and regulatory uncertainty that could result in lower production and reserves or higher operating or capital expenditures than anticipated.
Although title and environmental reviews are conducted prior to any purchase of resource assets, such reviews cannot guarantee that any unforeseen defects in the chain of title will not arise to defeat the Company’s title to certain assets or those environmental defects or deficiencies do not exist. Such deficiencies or defects could reduce the amounts distributable to shareholders, and could result in a reduction of capital.
Provisions in favour of Anglo Platinum in the Acquisition Agreements may adversely affect the Company’s interest in Lebowa and the Other Assets
The Holdco Shareholders Agreement places a variety of restrictions on Plateau, its subsidiaries and its controlling shareholders which are designed to safeguard the HDP status of Holdco for an initial period, and at all times to provide Anglo Platinum with a degree of control, independent of BEE considerations, over who is the ultimate controlling shareholder of Holdco. Anooraq has given certain undertakings to Anglo Platinum in relation to the maintenance of its status as an HDP controlled company. If a breach of these undertakings occurs and Pelawan fails to “remedy” or “cure” (as such terms are defined in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement) such breach within the periods specified in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement, then RPM may compel Plateau to sell its interests in Holdco to another HDP at the best possible price in the circumstances. Such a forced sale may affect the market price of the Company’s Common Shares if the forced sale occurs at less than fair market value of Plateau’s interests or if the new HDP is not viewed favorably by the market.
At any time during the term of the Holdco Shareholders Agreement, if a change in control of Holdco occurs (including a change in control approved of by the DME, or that arises out of a “cure” described above), then Plateau is required to “remedy” the change. If Plateau fails to “remedy” the change in control within the period specified in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement, then RPM will be entitled to compel the purchase by Plateau of RPM’s interests in Holdco for fair market value. There can be no assurance that Plateau will have sufficient funds to effect such a purchase.
If Plateau were forced to sell its interest in Holdco pursuant to the minority protections in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement, such a sale would have a materially adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
The Company’s operations may be adversely affected by the current South African electricity crisis
The Company’s mineral projects are supplied with power from Eskom, the South African national utility provider. Since mid-January 2008, South Africa has been in the midst of an electrical energy supply crisis. This crisis has arisen following an inconsistency between installed, available, electrical generation capacity and rapidly growing demand. On January 29, 2008, Eskom announced a three phase National
- 23 -
Stabilisation Plan which focuses on both demand side management and supply side stabilisation. Eskom will be moving through power rationing and power conservation phases during 2008/09 which require a national consumption reduction of 3,000 megawatts (MW). This has resulted in a planned load shedding across the country, with effect from April 1, 2008, to ensure system stability. The mining and industrial sectors have been operating under a 90% to 95% power supply constraint, which is likely to remain in force for the remainder of 2008 and 2009 with a real likelihood of short duration outages during the 2008 winter months. The first meaningful supply side increase from Eskom is anticipated to occur in 2012 when the first phase of the new Medupi Power Station comes on line. There can be no assurance that Eskom will deliver increased supply within this timeline. The Company is currently investigating supplementary power generation options and is taking steps to reduce its rate of electrical consumption, however, there can be no assurance that the supply of electricity from Eskom will be adequate or that the Company will be able to obtain supplementary sources of power. If Eskom is not able to supply a sufficient amount of electricity to the Company’s mineral projects, this may have an adverse impact on the Company’s operations, which would have an adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition.
- 24 -
ITEM 4 | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY |
SUMMARY
A. | History and Development of the Company |
| |
1. | Name, Address and Incorporation |
Anooraq Resources Corporation was incorporated on April 19, 1983 under the laws of the Province of British Columbia, Canada. The Company was transitioned under theBusiness Corporations Act on June 11, 2004, on which date the Company altered its Notice of Articles to change its authorized share structure from 200,000,000 common shares without par value to an unlimited number of common shares without par value.
The head office of the Company is located at 4th Floor, 82 Grayston Drive, Sandton, Johannesburg, 2146, South Africa, telephone (+2711) 883-0831 and the registered office is in care of its Canadian attorneys McCarthy Tétrault LLP at Suite 1300 – 777 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7Y 1K2, telephone (604) 643-7100, facsimile (604) 643-7900.
2. | Summary Corporate History and Intercorporate Relationships |
From 1996 to mid-1999, the Company’s mineral exploration was focused on metal prospects located in Mexico. In October 1999, the Company refocused its exploration on a South African PGM project, the Platreef Properties (see Item 4D – "Further Particulars of Anooraq's Properties – The Platreef Properties"). The Company has two active Cayman Islands subsidiaries, N1C Resources Inc. ("N1C") and N2C Resources Inc. ("N2C"). These two subsidiaries were incorporated on December 2, 1999 under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and their use represents a common method for Canadian mining companies to hold foreign resource assets. The Company holds 100% of the shares of N1C, which in turn holds 100% of the N2C shares. N2C holds 100% of the shares of Plateau, a private South African mining corporation purchased by Anooraq on August 28, 2001. Plateau holds the legal rights to the mineral interests ("farms") comprising the Platreef Properties.
In January 2004, the Company announced it had agreed to terms whereby the Company and Pelawan, a private South African company, would combine their respective PGM assets, comprising the Company's PGM projects on the Northern Limb of the "Bushveld Complex" and Pelawan's 50% participation interest in the Ga-Phasha (previously known as "Paschaskraal") Project on the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld in the Republic of South Africa. The Ga-Phasha Project, located approximately 250 kilometers northeast of Johannesburg, has significant mineral resources outlined as well as encouraging potential. The Ga-Phasha Project consists of four farms – Portion 1 of Paschaskraal 466KS, and the whole of farms Klipfontein 465KS, De Kamp 507KS and Avoca 472KS – covering an area of approximately 9,700 hectares.
The mineral title relating to the Ga-Phasha Project is held by Micawber, a private South African corporation owned 50% by Anglo Platinum and 50% by the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Plateau. The Ga-Phasha Project is a 50/50 joint venture between Anooraq's wholly owned South African subsidiary, Plateau, and RPM, a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo Platinum, governed by, among other things, a shareholders' agreement relating to Micawber entered into on September 22, 2004, (the “Shareholders Agreement”).
- 25 -
Pursuant to the terms of the Pelawan RTO Share Exchange Agreement, the Pelawan transaction, which was completed in September 2004 and which constitutes a reverse take-over ("RTO") under the policies of the TSXV, the Company acquired Pelawan's 50% shareholding in Micawber and the rights to its 50% participation interest in the Ga-Phasha Project in return for 91.2 million Anooraq common shares (the "Consideration Shares") and cash payments totaling ZAR 15.7 million. The number of Consideration Shares issued took into account the potential dilutive effect of financings expected to be undertaken in the future to develop PGM mines, for example on the Ga-Phasha and the Drenthe-North Overysel deposits, such that Pelawan's ownership (initially 63%) of the issued and outstanding shares of Anooraq would remain at a certain minimum level (currently defined as 52%) on a going forward basis to maintain Anooraq as a BEE company, and consequently affording Anooraq with additional opportunities and greater flexibility under South Africa's new mining laws. Further, the dilution calculation allowed for approximately 7.9 million Consideration Shares to be sold by Pelawan during the twelve month period subsequent to the closing, all of which shares were sold by Pelawan on March 28, 2005. Of the remaining Consideration Shares, approximately 83.3 million shares (the "Lock up Shareholding") must remain held in escrow until the earlier of September 29, 2010 or twelve months after the commencement of commercial production from the Ga-Phasha Project. Under the Mineral Development Act, and as specified in the agreements in respect of the Ga-Phasha Project related to the terms of BEE requirements, Pelawan will at all future times be required to hold a certain minimum number of the Consideration Shares, currently defined as 52%, in order to ensure that Anooraq retains its classification as a BEE company.
The Pelawan RTO Share Exchange Agreement provided that if any financings in relation to the Ga-Phasha and Drenthe-Overysel (subsequently renamed "Boikgantsho") Projects (the “Projects”) took place prior to a particular date (the “Finalization Date”) and the shareholder dilution associated with such financings caused Pelawan’s shareholding in Anooraq to fall below a 52% minimum shareholding, Anooraq would issue additional common shares to Pelawan in order to maintain that minimum. Such 52% minimum shareholding allows for compliance with BEE equity requirements under South African mineral legislation and was also a requirement of the South African Reserve Bank for approving the transaction. Originally the Finalization Date was September 30, 2005 but that date, by agreement in November 2005 between Anooraq and Pelawan, was extended to December 31, 2006.
The Pelawan RTO Share Exchange Agreement further provided that, to the extent that no such dilutive financings actually took place by the Finalization Date, certain dilutive financings would be deemed to have occurred by that date. The purpose was to make allowance for the dilutive effect on Pelawan’s shareholding of the anticipated financings for mine development of the Projects and, in this way, safeguard the status of Anooraq as a BEE company. For the purposes of calculating whether, by virtue of such deemed dilutive financings, any common shares would be required to be issued to Pelawan in order to maintain a minimum 52% shareholding, the Pelawan RTO Share Exchange Agreement provided that the quantum of such deemed financings would equal: (a) 30% of the estimated development costs in accordance with the bankable feasibility studies in respect of the Projects, less cash on hand, or (b) to the extent that such bankable feasibility studies had not been prepared as at the Finalization Date, $70.8 million related to the Ga-Phasha Project and $27.6 million related to the Boikgantsho Project, less cash on hand (the “Deemed Dilutive Financings”). Following the Finalization Date, Anooraq has the right but not the obligation to issue additional common shares to Pelawan in order to maintain Pelawan’s minimum shareholding.
Neither additional financings nor bankable feasibility studies for the Projects had been completed by Anooraq as at September 30, 2005 and, in the absence of an amending agreement between the parties, a dilutive financing totaling $98.4 million would have been deemed to have taken place as at such date and the Company would have been obligated to issue to Pelawan that number of shares which, after notionally
- 26 -
giving effect to the Deemed Dilutive Financings, would have resulted in Pelawan continuing to hold a 52% interest in the Company. In November 2005, Anooraq and Pelawan agreed to extend the Finalization Date to the earlier of:
| (a) | the first date at which both the Drenthe-Overysel financing and the Ga-Phasha financings shall, in fact, have occurred; |
| | |
| (b) | any date which is within a 60-day period following an announcement by Anooraq of a further material transaction, as defined; and |
| | |
| (c) | December 31, 2006. |
In November 2006, Anooraq reached an agreement in principle with Anglo Platinum, whereby Anglo Platinum would undertake a USD10 million (ZAR 70 million) funding into Anooraq. Anglo Platinum, through its subsidiary RPM, loaned ZAR 70 million to Plateau. Plateau is required to use 85% of the funding for operational expenditures on the Ga-Phasha Project. Pursuant to security agreements entered into in connection with the loan, Plateau has ceded, as security, its interest in Micawber.
In December 2006, the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement with Pelawan to waive the Deemed Dilutive Financings contemplated in the 2004 share exchange agreement. Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement:
| (i) | In June 2007 Anooraq issued to the Pelawan Trust 36 million common shares (“Adjustment Consideration Shares”), representing a 50% reduction in the number of shares potentially to be issued under the original RTO transaction terms. The Company received regulatory approval for the issuance of the shares during 2007. |
| | |
| (ii) | Anooraq issued to the Pelawan Trust the BEE Warrants for the purchase of 167 million common shares in Anooraq. The BEE Warrants were exercisable until December 31, 2008 at the higher of (a) $1.35 if exercised on or before December 31, 2007 or $1.48 if exercised after December 31, 2007 or (b) at a price that is 50% less than the price per Anooraq common share payable by arms length parties under an equity financing undertaken by the Company that either raises an amount of at least $98,400,000 or is undertaken pursuant to a material transaction (a “Concurrent Financing”). The Company received regulatory approval for the issuance of the BEE Warrants during 2007. |
| | |
| (iii) | From the date of issue of the Adjustment Consideration Shares to the Pelawan Trust in (i) above or as a result of the exercise of any of the BEE Warrants up to the closing date of the Concurrent Financing, the common shares issued to the Pelawan Trust pursuant thereto are subject to a lock up arrangement and the Pelawan Trust is not entitled to dispose of any of these shares, save for the exemption referred to in (iv) below. After the closing date of the Concurrent Financing, the disposal of such shares shall remain subject to the original lock up agreement entered into between Pelawan and Anooraq under the terms of the original RTO transaction (“the BEE Lock Up”). |
| | |
| (iv) | Anooraq has agreed to grant Pelawan an exemption to the BEE Lock Up for the purposes of facilitating Pelawan’s financing of the exercise of the BEE Warrants. In order to finance the exercise of the BEE Warrants, the Pelawan Trust shall, in its sole discretion, be entitled to dispose of that number of common shares up to 25% (or such greater amount as is required to facilitate the financing of the exercise of the BEE Warrants) of |
- 27 -
| | the aggregate common shares issued to the Pelawan Trust pursuant to such exercise, provided that all of the proceeds received by the Pelawan Trust from such disposal shall be applied by the Pelawan Trust to support the financing of the exercise of the BEE Warrants and reasonable expenses related to such exercise. |
| | |
| (v) | On the occurrence of a Concurrent Financing, the Pelawan Trust shall be obliged to exercise the BEE Warrants to ensure that, at a minimum, Anooraq retains its status as a 52% BEE controlled company, in compliance with undertakings given by Pelawan and the Company in favour of the South African Reserve Bank and Anglo Platinum Limited. |
In connection with the exercise of the BEE Warrants by the Pelawan Trust, the Company entered into an amending agreement (the “Amending Agreement”) with Pelawan to amend the exercise procedure of the BEE Warrants to allow Pelawan to finance the exercise of the BEE Warrants by way of a bridge loan (“Bridge Loan Facility”) from Rand Merchant Bank (“RMB”). Pursuant to the Amending Agreement, on December 20, 2007, Pelawan exercised the BEE Warrants at a price per common share of $1.35 by depositing an escrowed amount equal to the aggregate exercise price for the BEE Warrants ($225 million or ZAR 1.586 billion) into an interest bearing account with RMB, to be released pursuant to a deposit account agreement (the “Deposit Agreement”) between RMB, Pelawan Investments (Pty) Ltd and Anooraq upon the satisfaction of the following release conditions:
the occurrence of the first of any of the following:
Pelawan repaying the Bridge Loan Facility in full;
Pelawan placing a new cash deposit (in ZAR) in an amount equal to the funds to be released from the Deposit Account with RMB, and Pelawan granting RMB its rights, title and interest in the cash deposit as security for the Bridge Loan Facility;
Pelawan securing an on demand guarantee for an amount equal to the funds to be released from the deposit account. The guarantee will be in favour of RMB guaranteeing the performance of Pelawan’s obligations under the Bridge Loan Facility and should come from a counterparty acceptable to RMB and approved by the Company;
Pelawan encumbering its Anooraq shares in favour of RMB. The value of the shares to be encumbered to RMB should equal the amount requested to be released from the deposit account. The share value is determined based on the share price of Anooraq on the TSX-V Exchange on a 5 day volume weighted average traded price, commencing 5 days prior to the date upon which value is determined, converted from Canadian Dollars to ZAR at the foreign exchange closing rate on the last day of the 5 day period; and
evidence to the satisfaction of RMB that all necessary regulatory approvals in respect of the subscription of Anooraq shares and the issue thereof pursuant to Pelawan’s exercise of the BEE Warrants has been received.
The common shares underlying the BEE Warrants will be issued to Pelawan upon receipt by the Company of the exercise price per common share, plus the interest accrued thereon up to the date of receipt by the Company of the exercise price. Should the common shares underlying the BEE Warrants be issued in full, Pelawan’s resulting shareholding in Anooraq will increase to approximately 82% of the
- 28 -
current issued and outstanding common shares of the Company. Should the release conditions not be satisfied, the warrant exercise will be void and Anooraq will not receive the proceeds of the exercise of the BEE Warrants nor the interest earned from the deposit account, and the BEE Warrants will continue to exist in accordance with their terms until expiry in accordance with the terms of the Settlement Agreement.
On September 4, 2007, Anooraq and Anglo Platinum announced that they had entered into a detailed transaction framework agreement (the “TFA”) relating to the Lebowa Transaction. Since that time, the Company’s efforts have been directed toward due diligence and other activities associated with the Lebowa Transaction. On April 14, 2008, the Company announced that it had executed definitive transaction agreements with Anglo Platinum giving effect to the Lebowa Transaction and on June 12, 2008 the Company announced an update on the Lebowa Transaction. The Company intends to fund the Lebowa Transaction acquisition price through a combination of debt and equity.
On May 20, 2008, the Company announced that it had executed a binding, credit approved term sheet with Standard Chartered Bank to provide the Company with sole underwritten debt finance of up to ZAR 1.7 billion as partial funding for the acquisition price under the Lebowa Transaction. In addition, Pelawan advised that it has executed a credit approved term sheet with Standard Chartered Bank to provide Pelawan with sole underwritten acquisition debt finance of up to ZAR 700 million. Pelawan will apply these funds towards refinancing the Bridge Loan Facility, which will result in the payment to the Company of the proceeds of the exercise of the BEE Warrants. The Company intends to use the proceeds of the BEE Warrants exercise, when received, as partial funding for the acquisition price under the Lebowa Transaction. The implementation of the abovementioned transactions are subject to fulfillment of certain conditions precedent standard for transactions of this nature, including the conclusion of definitive financing agreements.
It is expected that the balance of the financing required for the Lebowa Transaction will be raised through the issue of Anooraq common shares which will include issues to:
- the Bokoni Platinum Mine ESOP Trust (the share ownership trust established for the benefit of employees of Lebowa and to which Anglo Platinum will contribute an amount of approximately ZAR 112 million for purposes of subscription for Anooraq common shares); and
- the Anooraq Community Participation Trust (the share ownership trust established for the benefit of the communities interested in or affected by Anooraq’s operations and to which Anglo Platinum will contribute an amount of approximately ZAR 83 million for purposes of subscription for Anooraq common shares).
Certain amendments (“the Amendments”) are also being proposed to the current arrangements between the Company and Pelawan. The Amendments are required in order to harmonize the restrictions in the various agreements between Pelawan and Anooraq with those in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement and to allow for the completion and implementation of the Lebowa Transaction. The Amendments are subject to the approval of the shareholders of Anooraq.
Documents incorporated by reference in this Annual Report include audited and interim financial statements, proxy circulars, news releases and other continuous disclosure documents filed by Anooraq, copies of which are available on request from the offices of the Company or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
- 29 -
B. | Business Overview |
| |
1. | Anooraq's Business Strategy and Principal Activities |
Anooraq is in the business of acquiring and exploring prospective mineral properties. Anooraq’s principal focus is exploration of PGM prospects in the Bushveld Complex, a prospective area for PGM deposits in South Africa, located about 250 km north of Johannesburg. Anooraq conducts its activities and holds its interests through Plateau.
Prior to January 2004, Anooraq had mainly focused on the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties on the Northern Limb of the Bushveld. Through the acquisition of Plateau and transactions with subsidiaries of Anglo Platinum, Anooraq has acquired interests in approximately 37,492 ha on the Northern Limb, called its Platreef properties, which are subdivided into the Central, South, North and Rietfontein Blocks and the Boikgantsho Joint Venure. The South and North Blocks are part of the Kwanda Joint Venture.
The Northern Limb has excellent potential for discovery and development of large scale PGM deposits that are amenable to open pit mining. From 2000-2003, programs were carried out in three areas of Anooraq’s large land package, with promising results from the Drenthe Farm and the Rietfontein Farm.
Work in 2004 continued to delineate the mineralization within the Platreef horizon on the Drenthe and Witrivier farms and the northern part of the Overysel Farm, under a joint venture named the Boikgantsho Joint Venture between Anooraq and a subsidiary of Anglo Platinum, with Anooraq as the operator. This work resulted in of expansion the Drenthe PGM deposit and discovery the Overysel North PGM deposit. The Company announced estimates of the indicated and inferred mineral resources for the deposits, and preliminary results of metallurgical test work for the deposits in late 2004.
As a result of the transaction with Pelawan (see Item 4A.2, "Summary Corporate History and Intercorporate Relationships") in 2004, the Company acquired a 50% interest in the Ga-Phasha Project on the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex, which is operated by Anglo Platinum. Ga-Phasha has measured, indicated and inferred resources outlined in the UG2 and Merensky Reefs. Other operations that mine the UG2 and Merensky Reefs usually do so by underground methods.
In 2005, an infill drilling program was carried out on the Drenthe deposit under the Boikgantsho JV. Results confirmed the continuity of the mineralization within a provisional pit established during engineering work in 2004. Prefeasibility studies were initiated in 2005 but deferred in 2006 and 2007.
In 2006, Anooraq concluded an agreement whereby Anglo Platinum provided ZAR 70 million in funding to Anooraq via a term loan. Anooraq also affected an inward secondary listing on the JSE Limited and began trading on the JSE on December 19, 2006 under the trading symbol of ARQ. The Company also trades on the TSX-V (symbol ARQ) and American Stock Exchange (symbol ANO). In December 2006, the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement with Pelawan to waive the deemed dilutive financing contemplated in the 2004 share exchange agreement.
Anooraq’s activities in 2006 and 2007 mainly focused on monitoring and providing input to exploration work by Anglo Platinum on the Ga-Phasha Project. The work included exploration drilling and preliminary mining, infrastructure and related studies toward completion of a prefeasibility study.
- 30 -
Lebowa Transaction
On September 4, 2007, Anooraq and Anglo Platinum announced that they had entered into a detailed transaction framework agreement, whereby Anooraq would purchase an effective 51% interest in Lebowa Platinum Mines (“Lebowa”) and increase its interest in the Ga-Phasha Project from 50% to 51%. The parties also announced that they had reached an agreement in principle for Anooraq to increase its interest in the Boikgantsho and Kwanda PGM projects from 50% to 51%. Since that time, the companies’ efforts have been directed toward due diligence and other activities associated with the transaction and work on the Ga-Phasha prefeasibility study has largely been deferred.
On March 28, 2008, Anooraq, through Plateau, entered into definitive acquisition agreements (the “Acquisition Agreements”) with Anglo Platinum and certain of its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, “Anglo Platinum”) to acquire an effective 51% of Lebowa and an additional 1% of the Ga-Phasha Project, the Boikgantsho Project and the Kwanda Project for an aggregate cash consideration of ZAR3.6 billion (the “Lebowa Transaction”).
Closing of the Lebowa Transaction is conditional upon satisfaction (or waiver) of various conditions, including:
| 1. | the completion by all parties of their respective due diligence reviews and satisfaction with the results thereof; |
| | |
| 2. | Anooraq and Plateau obtaining sufficient debt and equity financing to fund the Lebowa Transaction purchase price; |
| | |
| 3. | the approval of the shareholders of Anooraq of the Lebowa Transaction and related transactions; |
| | |
| 4. | the approval of the South African Competition Authorities; |
| | |
| 5. | the consent of the United Kingdom Treasury for Anglo Platinum to undertake the transaction; |
| | |
| 6. | approval of the Lebowa Transaction and of certain transfers of mineral title relating to Ga-Phasha, Boikgantsho and Kwanda by the DME; and |
| | |
| 7. | other regulatory approvals including, where necessary, the Exchange Control department of South African Reserve Bank, the JSE Limited, the TSX-V and AMEX. |
The Lebowa Transaction is expected to close as soon as practicable following the satisfaction or waiver of all conditions. The parties have agreed on an outside cut-off date of November 30, 2008, or such later date as the parties may agree, for the fulfillment or waiver of the conditions to the Lebowa Transaction.
- 31 -
Following the Lebowa Transaction, the corporate structure of Anooraq and Anglo Platinum as applicable to the Lebowa Transaction, will be as follows:
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx34x1.jpg)
Pursuant to the terms of the Acquisition Agreements, Anooraq will acquire 51% of the shares in, and claims on shareholders loan account against, Holdco. The joint venture agreements in respect of the Ga-Phasha Project, Boikgantsho Project and Kwanda Project will be terminated and these projects will be transferred into separate companies, established as wholly-owned subsidiaries of Holdco, as shown above. Anglo Platinum has given Anooraq appropriate sale warranties in relation to the Lebowa Transaction.
Lebowa Transaction Funding
Anooraq intends to fund the purchase price for the Lebowa Transaction through a combination of debt and equity financing. The exercise of 167,000,000 common share purchase warrants (the “Warrants”) by Pelawan in December 2007, for aggregate proceeds of $225 million (ZAR 1.586 billion), will provide a portion of the funds required by Anooraq for this purpose. In connection with the exercise of the Warrants, Anooraq entered into an amending agreement (the “Amending Agreement”) with the Pelawan Trust to amend the exercise procedure of the Warrants to allow Pelawan to finance the exercise of the Warrants by way of a bridge loan from Rand Merchant Bank (“RMB”). Pursuant to the Amending Agreement, the Pelawan Trust exercised the Warrants by depositing an escrowed amount equal to the aggregate exercise price for the Warrants (CAD 225 million or ZAR 1.586 billion) into an interest bearing account with RMB, to be released pursuant to a deposit account agreement (the “Deposit Agreement”) between RMB, Pelawan and Anooraq upon the satisfaction of certain release conditions. The Common Shares underlying the Warrants will be issued to the Pelawan Trust upon receipt by the Company of the exercise price per Common Share, plus the interest accrued thereon up to the date of release. Pelawan has advised Anooraq that it has entered into a credit approved term sheet with Standard Chartered Bank to provide Pelawan with sole underwritten debt finance of up to ZAR 700 million. Pelawan intends to apply these funds towards the refinancing the RMB bridge loan facility.
On May 20, 2008, Anooraq announced that it had entered into a binding, credit approved term sheet with Standard Chartered Bank for sole underwritten debt financing of up to ZAR 1.7 billion for the purpose of funding a portion of the Lebowa Transaction purchase price. Completion of this debt financing facility is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent and final documentation.
- 32 -
Other Commercial Terms of the Lebowa Transaction
Anglo Platinum has agreed to provide Anooraq with an interest bearing standby loan facility. This facility enables Anooraq to utilize up to 80% of all cash flows generated from the Lebowa operations should this be required to support external acquisition senior debt finance secured by Anooraq for the purposes of the Lebowa Transaction.
Anglo Platinum and Anooraq have agreed to various financing arrangements between them to implement the Anglo Platinum approved long term growth plan at Lebowa, as follows:
| (i) | Anglo Platinum will incur for its own account the first ZAR 200 million required for development of the Middlepunt Hill UG2 decline expansion project; and |
| | |
| (ii) | Anglo Platinum will provide Lebowa with a project finance facility of ZAR 1.6 billion, representing the balance of the capital budget estimate for implementation of the Middlepunt Hill UG2 decline expansion project (“The MPH Facility”). The MPH Facility has an 8 year term, with a capital repayment holiday of one year, will bear interest at a facilitation interest rate and is subordinated in priority of repayment against certain other funding instruments within the Lebowa group. |
Lebowa has entered into a five year concentrate off-take agreement with Anglo Platinum for the sale of Lebowa concentrates at competitive market rates, renewable at Lebowa’s election for a further 5 years. Anglo Platinum has extended options to Anooraq to acquire an ownership interest in Anglo Platinum’s Polokwane Smelter, which ownership interest will be relative to Anooraq’s group concentrate feed into the Polokwane Smelter from time to time and subject to certain conditions precedent.
Management and Control of Lebowa and Holdco
Anooraq and Anglo Platinum have entered into a shareholders’ agreement to govern the management of Holdco. Pursuant to this shareholders’ agreement, Anooraq has the ability to appoint the majority of the directors to the board of Holdco and all of its subsidiaries. Anglo Platinum will participate in key management decisions through committees established for that purpose.
Anooraq has given certain undertakings to Anglo Platinum in relation to the maintenance of its status as a company controlled by Historically Disadvantaged Persons, as envisaged in the South African Mineral Development Act and the Charter. The effect of these undertakings is that HDPs must maintain “effective” or “the equivalent” beneficial ownership of at least 26% in the assets of Holdco until the repayment of at least 60% of the MPH Facility (approximately 6 years) (“Initial Term”). These undertakings include that Pelawan, the HDP controlling shareholder of Anooraq, will not allow either its own level of HDP shareholding or its shareholding in Anooraq, to fall below 26% HDP beneficial ownership interest. If these shareholding levels should be breached, and Anooraq fails to exercise its rights to remedy such a breach, Anooraq may be required to dispose of its shares in Holdco to another HDP. It is important from Anglo Platinum’s perspective that the Anooraq group retain its current HDP control status and that Anooraq retains control of Holdco. Should there be a change of such control then Anglo Platinum may require Anooraq to acquire its shares in Holdco at a market-related price. In addition, should Anooraq wish to sell its entire interest in Holdco to a third party then Anglo Platinum have a tag along right relating to such sale. The parties have also granted each other reciprocal rights of first refusal relating to a proposed sale of their interests in Holdco.
- 33 -
In order to ensure a successful transition at Lebowa, Anglo American plc Group has agreed to provide certain essential services to Lebowa at a cost which is no greater than the costs charged to another Anglo American plc Group company for the same or similar services, for an initial period of one year.
Ongoing Funding
The board of Holdco, which will be controlled by Anooraq, has the right to call for funding either by way of shareholder loan or equity. If a shareholder should default on a cash call, the other shareholder may increase its equity interest in Holdco by funding the entire cash call, provided that during the Initial Term, Anooraq’s shareholding in Holdco cannot be diluted for default in respect of equity contributions.
Lebowa Employees and Communities
Anooraq and Anglo Platinum have agreed to establish:
| (i) | the Bokoni Platinum Mine ESOP Trust (the share ownership trust established for the benefit of employees of Lebowa) to which Anglo Platinum will contribute an amount of approximately ZAR 112 million for purposes of subscription for Anooraq common shares; and |
| | |
| (ii) | the Anooraq Community Participation Trust (the share ownership trust established for the benefit of the communities interested in or affected by Anooraq’s operations) to which Anglo Platinum will contribute an amount of approximately ZAR 83 million for purposes of subscription for Anooraq common shares. |
Lebowa
Anglo Platinum applied to the DME for conversion of the “old order” mining rights in respect of Lebowa to “new order” mining rights, as required by the Mineral Development Act. On April 29, 2008 Anglo Platinum announced that the DME has granted conversion of the “old order” mining rights related to Lebowa.
Lebowa is an operating mine located on the north-eastern limb of the Bushveld Complex, to the north of and adjacent to the Ga-Phasha Project. Lebowa consists of a vertical shaft and a decline shaft system to access the underground development on the Merensky Reef and UG2 Reef, as well as two concentrator plants. Approximate monthly production from the Merensky Reef is 85,000 tpm and from the UG2 Reef is 45,000 tpm. According to the Anglo Platinum 2007 Annual Report, production at Lebowa in 2007 was approximately 187,700 refined ounces of 4E from 1.33 Million tonnes (“Mt”) of ore milled.
Technical studies conducted by Anglo Platinum indicate that Lebowa’s value is maximized at a mining rate of 375,000 tpm, comprising steady state Merensky Reef production at 120,000 tpm and steady state UG2 Reef production of 255,000 tpm. Anglo Platinum has approved a long term growth plan for Lebowa, which includes various replacement and expansion projects to increase production to approximately 375,000 tpm, comprising steady state Merensky Reef production at 120,000 tpm and steady state UG2 Reef production of 255,000 tpm. Anooraq supports this growth plan, which will result in existing mining operations at Lebowa increasing in two stages:
- Stage 1 (2008-2013) comprises an expansion of Merensky Reef and UG2 Reef ore production to 245,000 tpm, with Merensky Reef production being increased to 120,000 tpm, initially from the Brakfontein Merensky Reef decline shaft system, and UG2 Reef production being increased to 125,000 tpm, initially from the Middelpunt Hill UG2 Reef decline shaft system.
- 34 -
- Stage 2 (2016 onwards) sees the further expansion of UG2 Reef production to 255,000 tpm with Merensky Reef production remaining at 120,000 tpm.
Both the Stage 1 and Stage 2 expansions at Lebowa will access the Merensky Reef and UG2 Reef from near surface to approximately 650 meters below surface. Anooraq considers this an advantage, as there will be no need for material refrigeration at depths above 650 meters below surface, resulting in a less constrained power requirement for the Lebowa mine than would be required for operations and projects accessing the reef at deeper levels.
Anooraq engaged international mining industry consultants to conduct a technical review of the Lebowa mine. The mineral resources and mineral reserves have been reviewed by Snowden Mining Industry Consultants. A technical report by independent qualified persons D.B. Gray, Pr.Sci.Nat., and B.C. Rip, Pr.Eng., FSAIMM, has been filed on www.sedar.com. The Lebowa technical report confirmed the following mineral resources and reserves at the Lebowa mineral properties:
LEBOWA MINERAL RESERVES & RESOURCES |
DECEMBER 2007 |
| TONNAGE | 4E | CONTAINED | Pt | Pd | Rh | Au |
CATEGORY | (Mt) | (g/t) | 4E (Moz) | (g/t) | (g/t) | (g/t) | (g/t) |
MERENSKY MINERAL RESERVES | | | | | | |
Proven | 23.1 | 4.25 | 3.20 | 2.62 | 1.20 | 0.15 | 0.28 |
Probable | 5.4 | 4.06 | 0.70 | 2.50 | 1.12 | 0.16 | 0.28 |
Proven & Probable | 28.5 | 4.22 | 3.90 | 2.59 | 1.19 | 0.16 | 0.28 |
UG2 MINERAL RESERVES | | | | | | | |
Proven | 34.1 | 5.29 | 5.80 | 2.18 | 2.57 | 0.44 | 0.10 |
Probable | 9.4 | 5.04 | 1.50 | 2.11 | 2.39 | 0.44 | 0.09 |
Proven & Probable | 43.5 | 5.23 | 7.30 | 2.17 | 2.53 | 0.44 | 0.10 |
MERENSKY MINERAL RESOURCES | | | | | | |
Measured | 25.0 | 5.68 | 4.57 | 3.65 | 1.51 | 0.21 | 0.30 |
Indicated | 27.4 | 5.51 | 4.86 | 3.46 | 1.52 | 0.20 | 0.33 |
Measured & Indicated | 52.4 | 5.61 | 9.43 | 3.55 | 1.52 | 0.20 | 0.32 |
Inferred | 103.2 | 5.30 | 17.58 | 3.34 | 1.45 | 0.20 | 0.31 |
UG2 MINERAL RESOURCES | | | | | | | |
Measured | 107.6 | 6.60 | 22.84 | 2.70 | 3.23 | 0.55 | 0.12 |
Indicated | 71.3 | 6.56 | 15.32 | 2.70 | 3.20 | 0.53 | 0.13 |
Measured & Indicated | 178.9 | 6.58 | 38.16 | 2.70 | 3.22 | 0.54 | 0.12 |
Inferred | 145.0 | 6.61 | 30.82 | 2.72 | 3.23 | 0.53 | 0.13 |
The Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources stated are for 100% of Lebowa. Anooraq’s interest will be 51% of the above once the Lebowa Transaction is completed. Mineral Resources are exclusive of Mineral Reserves.
Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves have potential economic viability but have not yet been demonstrated by an approved mining plan. Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources are generally located within 650 meters depth from surface. Inferred Mineral Resources are generally located beyond 650 meters depth.
4E = Pt+Pd+Rh+Au
For Mineral Reserves, the Merensky pay limit (break even) varies between 1.3 and 4.8 g/t 4E and the UG2 pay limit (break even) varies between 1.3 and 4.4 g/t 4E across all operations of Anglo Platinum. Cut-off grades of 2.4 to 3.5 g/t 4E depending on reef characteristics are applied to Merensky Mineral Resource statements. A cut-off grade of 1.8 g/t 4E is applied to UG2 Mineral Resource statements.
Contained metal for reserves has recoveries applied. No recoveries are applied for contained metal for resources.
- 35 -
Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Technical Review of Lebowa |
|
The following are the principal risk factors and uncertainties which, in management's opinion, are likely to most directly affect the conclusions of the technical review of Lebowa. Some of the mineralized material classified as a measured and indicated resource has been used in the cash flow analysis. For US mining standards, a full feasibility study would be required, which would require more detailed studies. Additionally all necessary mining permits would be required in order to classify the project’s mineralized material as an economically exploitable reserve. There can be no assurance that this mineralized material will become classifiable as a reserve and there is no assurance as to the amount, if any that might ultimately qualify as a reserve or what the grade of such reserve amounts would be. Data is not complete and cost estimates have been developed, in part, based on the expertise of the individuals participating in the preparation of the technical review and on costs at projects believed to be comparable, and not based on firm price quotes. Costs, including design, procurement, construction and on-going operating costs and metal recoveries could be materially different from those contained in the technical review. There can be no assurance that mining can be conducted at the rates and grades assumed in the technical review. There can be no assurance that these infrastructure facilities can be developed on a timely and cost-effective basis. Energy risks include the potential for significant increases in the cost of fuel and electricity, and fluctuation in the availability of electricity. Projected metal prices have been used for the technical review. The prices of these metals are historically volatile, and the Company has no control of or influence on the prices, which are determined in international markets. There can be no assurance that the prices of platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, copper and nickel will continue at current levels or that they will not decline below the prices assumed in the technical review. Prices for these commodities have been below the price ranges assumed in the technical review at times during the past ten years, and for extended periods of time. The project will require major financing, probably a combination of debt and equity financing. Interest rates are at historically low levels. There can be no assurance that debt and/or equity financing will be available on acceptable terms. A significant increase in costs of capital could materially adversely affect the value and feasibility of constructing the expansions. Other general risks include those ordinary to large construction projects, including the general uncertainties inherent in engineering and construction cost, the need to comply with generally increasing environmental obligations, and accommodation of local and community concerns. The economics are sensitive to the currency exchange rates, which have been subject to large fluctuations in the last several years. |
To determine the longer potential of the mine, an economic analysis has also been done as part of the technical review using South African Rand as the currency and analyst consensus estimates of metal prices and exchange rates to 2012. Long term average US dollar metal prices are: Pt-$1273/oz, Pd-$332/oz, Rh-$3669/oz, Au-$741/oz, Ni-$8.64/lb and Cu-$1.67/lb.
The capital and operating costs stated are estimated to a 90% level of accuracy for projects approved by Anglo Platinum, i.e. the mineral reserves above. Certain Indicated and Measured Mineral Resources (51.9 Million tonnes grading at 4.49 4E g/t), which have been demonstrated to have economic viability through prefeasibility studies but do not yet have a mine plan approved by Anglo Platinum, were also included to determine the longer term potential of the mine.
The table shows the after tax and royalty results of the technical review in real terms for the life of mine for 100% of Lebowa. Anooraq’s interest after completion of the Lebowa Transaction will be 51%.
TECHNICAL REVIEW OF LEBOWA |
APRIL 2008 |
Life of Mine | 34 years |
Life of Mine Tonnes Treated | 124 Million tonnes |
4E Grade | 4.49 g/t |
4E | 17.9 Moz |
Pt | 8.5 Moz |
Pd | 7.7 Moz |
Rh | 1.2 Moz |
Au | 0.5 Moz |
ZAR/USD exchange rate | 8.09 |
| |
4E Basket Price ZAR/kg | 272,144 |
Operating Cost ZAR/ 4E kg | 85,512 |
Operating Cost ZAR/Tonne | 384 |
4E Basket Price USD/ oz | 1,048 |
Operating Cost USD/ 4E oz | 329 |
- 36 -
| ZAR Millions | CAD Millions |
Gross Revenue | 143,414 | 18,698 |
Total Capital Cost | 11,029 | 1,438 |
Expansion & Replacement | 7,659 | 999 |
Stay in Business | 3,370 | 439 |
Operating cost | 47,609 | 6,207 |
Gross Profit | 95,806 | 12,491 |
Free Cash Flow | 54,822 | 7,148 |
Net Present Value (at 5.0% discount rate) | 23.747 | 3,096 |
Net Present Value (at 7.5% discount rate) | 16,888 | 2,202 |
Net Present Value (at 10% discount rate) | 12,553 | 1,637 |
CAD values converted at an exchange rate of 7.67 as at 12 April 2008.
Stay in Business capital is the sustaining capital.
Basket price is total metal value per refined 4E kilogram and takes into account different ratios of the metals for Lebowa.
Anooraq does not have any operating revenue, although historically it has had annual interest revenue as a consequence of investing surplus funds pending the completion of exploration programs.
The Company does not have any resource properties on which commercial mining operations exist. No ore is known to exist on any of the Company's projects and a great deal of exploration will be required before economic feasibility can be considered.
The Company is not dependent on any patents, licenses or commercial or financial contracts; however, its work is dependent on the acquisition of prospecting permits and, ultimately, if economic mineral deposits are found, on the acquisition of environmental and mining permits. Further information on mineral rights and prospecting and mining permits is provided below.
2. | Mining and Exploration in South Africa |
The South African mining sector has undergone a series of significant legislative changes in the past few years.
In order to understand these legislative changes, the form of "old order" mineral tenure that currently prevails in South Africa and which will be significantly altered and replaced by a "new order" form of mineral tenure must first be discussed.
Old Order Mineral Tenure in South Africa
Mineral tenure is governed primarily by the common law and the Minerals Act 1991 ("Minerals Act 1991"). The South African system of mineral rights developed over many years under a dual system in which some of the mineral rights are owned by the State, and some by private holders. The State controlled the exercise of prospecting and mining rights under the administrative system of prospecting permits and mining authorizations referred to below. Mineral rights were officially registered and were tradable. They have historically been the subject of considerable financial investment that has resulted in the acquisition and registration of rights by prospectors and miners over relevant areas of interest.
Old order mineral rights represent a parcel of rights including the rights to prospect and mine (although the exercise of such rights is subject to authorization under theMinerals Act) together with ancillary
- 37 -
rights to do what is reasonably necessary in order to effectively carry on prospecting or mining operations. The holder of mineral rights could grant subordinate rights to prospect under a prospecting contract or grant subordinate rights to mine under a mineral lease or could sell or otherwise dispose of the rights. The mineral rights owner is ordinarily compensated by the exploiter of the minerals for the depletion of the non-renewable resource through the outright purchase of the mineral rights, or (less commonly) through the payment of royalties.
The mineral right owner was not permitted to prospect or mine for minerals without first having obtained a prospecting permit or mining authorization from the State. These licenses were not transferable. They were aimed at controlling prospecting and mining, having regard to considerations of health and safety, environmental rehabilitation and the responsible extraction of the ore. Conversely, a prospecting permit or mining authorization could not be granted unless the applicant was the holder of the relevant mineral right or had acquired the holder's consent to prospect or mine. Reconnaissance work could and did take place without the necessity to hold a permit, provided the work did not fall within the definition of "prospecting" in theMinerals Act.
New Order Mineral Tenure in South Africa
TheMineral Development Act was assented to on October 3, 2002 and came into effect on May 1, 2004. TheMineral Development Act is an ambitious statute with wide-ranging objectives, including sustainable development and the promotion of equitable access to South Africa's mineral wealth by the inclusion of Historically Disadvantaged Persons into the industry.
TheMineral Development Act legislates the abolition of private mineral rights in South Africa and replaces them with a system of state licensing based on the patrimony over minerals being vested in the nation, as is the case with the bulk of minerals in other established mining jurisdictions such as Canada and Australia. "Use it or lose it" principles will now apply in respect of mineral rights. Provision is made in theMinerals Act for compensation to be paid to any person who is able to establish that their property has been expropriated under theMineral Development Act. On May 3, 2004, the DME announced that it was seeking legal advice on the implications of theMineral Development Act in light of South Africa's international agreements. Most of the complexity of the new regime lies in the transitional provisions which deal with the conversion of "old order" rights to "new order" rights. Private holders of old order mineral rights have limited exclusive time periods to convert these rights to new order rights once theMineral Development Act has come into effect. Holders of old-order mining rights in respect of which a mining authorization has been granted under theMinerals Act 1991 have until April 30, 2009 to lodge their rights for conversion into new order mineral rights. Old order mineral rights in respect of which a prospecting permit has been issued under theMinerals Act 1991were to be converted to new order prospecting or mining rights no later than April 30, 2006. All old order rights will continue in force during the conversion period, subject to terms and conditions under which they were granted. Security of tenure will thereafter be guaranteed for a period of up to 5 years with respect to prospecting rights, and up to 30 years with respect to mining rights, subject to a rights holder's ongoing compliance with the conditions of grant.
In order to be able to convert old order rights to new order rights, the holder:
- must hold the underlying right (to mine or prospect, as the case may be) in terms of the common law or legislation prevailing immediately before May 1, 2004;
- must hold a mining authorization or prospecting permit, as the case may be, issued in terms of theMinerals Act 1991;
- 38 -
- must be actively conducting mining or prospecting operations, as the case may be, on the relevant property on May 1, 2004 (that is, the right must not be an "unused old order right");
- must lodge its old order right for conversion at the relevant office of the DME;
- for mining rights, is required (under Schedule II, item 7, of theMineral Development Act) to "give effect to" the BEE and socio-economic objectives set out in Sections 2(d) and (f) of theMineral Development Act(the "Objectives"); and
- for mining rights, must submit a prescribed social and labor plan.
If the above requirements have been met, DME must grant the conversion of the old order right to a new order mining right.
In relation to any old order right with respect to which a mining authorization or prospecting permit was not issued, or in respect of which prospecting or mining was not being conducted, on May 1, 2004 (that is, an "unused old order right") the holder had an exclusive right to apply for a new order right no later than May 1, 2005. A person converting an existing mining right had to commit to giving effect to the Objectives. In general, these Objectives are embodied in the Charter and are discussed below. No undertaking to promote the Objectives is expressly required under theMineral Development Act for the conversion of existing prospecting rights.
A person applying for a new mining right (as opposed to converting an old order mining right) will have to demonstrate, among other requirements, that the Objectives and the imperatives of the Charter will be advanced by the grant of the right. In practice, this will probably mean that the applicant will already have to have met the BEE targets set out in the Charter for the purposes of that application. In relation to applications for new prospecting rights, it is unclear whether the DME will require applicants to be in strict compliance with these targets.
In general, the Objectives are embodied in the Charter which was signed by the DME, the South African Chamber of Mines and others on October 11, 2002, and which was followed on February 18, 2003 by the release of the appendix to the Charter known as the Scorecard. The Charter and Scorecard were published for information during August 2004. The Charter is based on seven key principles, two of which are focused on ownership targets for HDP and beneficiation (mineral processing), and five of which are operationally oriented and cover areas focused on improving conditions for HDPs.
Regarding ownership targets, the Charter (as read with the Scorecard) requires each mining company to achieve the following HDP ownership targets for the purpose of qualifying for the grant of new order rights: (i) 15% ownership by HDP in that company or its attributable units of production by May 1, 2009, and (ii) 26% ownership by HDP in that company or its attributable units of production by May 1, 2014. The Charter states that such transfers must take place in a transparent manner and for fair market value. It also states that the South African mining industry will assist HDP companies in securing financing to fund HDP participation, in the amount of ZAR 100 billion within the first five years. The Charter does not specify the nature of the assistance to be provided.
The Scorecard is a checklist that requires mining companies to indicate the extent of their achievement in the aspirational areas for empowerment identified by the Charter. Each company's points on the Scorecard will be used by the Minister in deciding applications for new order rights by that company.
In March 2003, the South African Government released theRoyalty Bill outlining the state's policies with regard to the payment of royalties by mining companies. TheRoyalty Bill proposes that companies producing PGM pay a royalty of 4% from the sales of those metals. The royalty would be payable on
- 39 -
gross revenue. TheRoyalty Bill is presently under discussion and comment. In his annual budget speech on February 18, 2004 the South African Minister of Finance announced that the implementation of theRoyalty Bill, even once finalized, will not occur until 2009.
Currently, State prospecting fees range from ZAR 3 per hectare in year one to ZAR 7 per hectare in year five. Currently, State royalties on precious metals are 1% of gross revenue. This royalty rate is currently being reviewed and may be amended by the State. These amounts will become payable to the State upon conversion of "old order" rights to "new order" rights, and do not take existing commitments towards current mineral rights holders into account.
New Order Mineral Tenure status of Anooraq
Anooraq has been advised that:
- the old order prospecting rights held by Plateau in relation to the Platreef Properties constitute "used" old order rights, in relation to which Plateau had until the earlier of the expiry dates of the relevant prospecting permits (which range from October 2005 to November 2006) and April 30, 2006 to apply for conversion to new order prospecting rights. The application for conversion has been made; and
- the old order mining rights held by Micawber in relation to the Ga-Phasha Project constitute "used" old order rights, in relation to which Micawber has until April 30, 2009 to apply for conversion to new order mining rights.
C. | Organizational Structure |
Anooraq operates through one indirect wholly owned principal subsidiary, Plateau, which holds various rights to the mineral projects in South Africa.
- 40 -
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx43x1.jpg)
Anooraq has a management service agreement with Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. (formerly Hunter Dickinson Inc.). HDSI is a private corporation, consisting of technical and financial specialists that have been managing projects for publicly listed companies throughout the world for twenty years. A key aspect of HDSI's approach to project development is to develop and maintain strong relationships with local communities, employees and government authorities from the start of exploration and as the project advances towards becoming a mine. Personnel have experience in multiple foreign jurisdictions, and the perspective gained has assisted with the integration of local communities in the exploration and development programs.
Activities are guided by two simple principles - projects must be developed in a manner that respects local socio-economic priorities and incorporates the highest quality of environmental management. This is done by actively fostering close partnerships with local governments and community leaders to ensure that projects create the kind of local benefits that residents both want and need. When undertaking projects in the developing world, HDSI seeks opportunities to improve local infrastructure such as roads and educational systems. Training is undertaken to ensure local residents are equipped to gain employment, and high standards of occupational health and safety are an integral part of HDSI’s work.
Beyond compliance with government regulations and standards, HDSI is committed to structuring the best environmental management plan for each specific site through innovation, experience and the contributions of specialized consultants and local experts. Environmental management programs begin
- 41 -
with rigorous baseline assessments, and include ongoing monitoring of water quality, wildlife impacts and other key indicators. The ecological footprint of all project components is minimized, operational impacts are consistently monitored and controlled, and site restoration is conducted at the end of each project's working life.
Anooraq has approximately ten employees, and much of its work is done by consultants at the request of management of the Company. Many of the Company's technical, financial and legal services are provided by HDSI and Pelawan.
D. | Property, Plant and Equipment |
The principal properties of Anooraq are the Platreef Properties and the Ga-Phasha Project, located on the Northern Limb and Eastern Limb, respectively, of the Bushveld Complex. For further information about the Company's mineral projects, see "Further Particulars of Anooraq Properties", below.
None of the projects have any material tangible fixed assets located thereon although the Company has miscellaneous exploration equipment and motor vehicles on site at the Platreef Properties.
FURTHER PARTICULARS OF ANOORAQ'S PROPERTIES
The Platreef and the Ga-Phasha properties are located in the Bushveld Complex, a geological province in the Republic of South Africa.
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx44x1.jpg)
Figure 1. Location of Platreef and Ga-Phasha properties, South Africa
- 42 -
Regional Geology
The Bushveld Complex was formed when a large body of mafic magma was emplaced in the earth’s crust. As the magma slowly cooled, silicate, sulphide, oxide and other minerals crystallized and sank to the bottom of the magma chamber, to form texturally and mineralogically distinctive layers. The removal of the more refractory minerals in this way depleted the magma in the crystallising components and enriched the residual magma in the less refractory elements. During this process PGM, nickel and copper (usually occurring with, or as, sulphide minerals) became sufficiently enriched to form mineralized horizons at predictable levels within the intrusion. As a result, the Bushveld Intrusive Complex plays host to layered PGM deposits, usually with significant nickel and copper contents.
Many of the layers within the Complex, including the economically important horizons, are continuous over tens of kilometers. However, the uniformity of the Merensky and UG2 horizons is disrupted in places by small circular depressions known as potholes.
In the Western and Eastern Bushveld Complex, PGM mineralization is currently extracted from two main horizons within the layered sequence of intrusive rocks: the Merensky Reef and the UG2 chromitite (a layer consisting largely of the mineral chromite). The UG2 layer lies below and essentially parallel to the Merensky Reef but the two units are separated by 50 to 400 meters of intervening layered intrusive rocks. The Merensky Reef is platinum rich relative to the UG2, where platinum and palladium occur in more or less equal proportions. The UG2 typically contains significantly more rhodium than the Merensky Reef (i.e. 10% or more of total PGM in places). The Platreef occurs on the Northern Limb of the Complex. It lies at a similar stratigraphic level to the Merensky Reef but at 100-250 meters, is much thicker. The Platreef is also mineralogically similar to the Merensky Reef but its platinum-palladium ratios, at ~1:1, are more like those in the UG2 horizon.
The Platreef Project
Location and property description
The Platreef Project is located near the town of Mokopane in South Africa, approximately 275 kilometers northeast of Johannesburg. The property holdings comprise all or parts of 20 mineral properties, totalling 37,492 hectares. These are divided into four areas: the Central Block, the Rietfontein Block and the North and South Blocks (the Kwanda JV) and the Boikgantsho JV.
- 43 -
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx46x1.jpg)
Figure 2. Property Holdings, Platreef Project
The Platreef Project area is readily accessible via the main N1 expressway from Johannesburg to the city of Mokopane, which is approximately 35 km south of the Central Block. Access from Mokopane to each of the North Block, the Central Block, the Rietfontein Block and the South Block is via paved Provincial highways. Individual farms, if not directly accessible from Provincial highways, are well served by a comprehensive network of well-maintained dirt roads and farm tracks.
No surface rights have been secured on the Anooraq property to date. Once the required area has been established, it would be necessary to negotiate a purchase agreement with the surface rights owner(s). Prices are expected to range between ZAR 2,000/ha ($294) and ZAR 5,000/ha ($736) depending on the infrastructure required to be developed on the farms.
Prospecting or mineral rights held by Anooraq, through Plateau, and its joint venture partners are listed in the table below:
- 44 -
Table 1. Platreef Mineral Rights
Property or Farm | Type and status of mineral rights |
North Block: Ham 699 LR Gilead 729 LR Elberfield 731 LR Gideon 730 LR Chlun 735 LR Swerweskraal 736 LR South Block: Rondeboschje 295 KR Cyferkuil 321 KR Haakdoornkuil 323 KR Vaalkop 325 KR Naboomfontein 320 KR | New order prospecting rights in all properties have been granted and are in the process of being notarially executed. Conversion application for the old order prospecting rights to new order prospecting rights has already been lodged and approval is still pending. Legal opinion has confirmed that Plateau Resources, together with its joint venture partners, are competent applicants for conversion since they held old order prospecting rights to these properties.
|
Central Block: Portion 2 of the Farm Elandsfontein 766 LR Malokongskop 780 LR Drenthe 778 LR Portion 1 of the farm Elandsfontein LR Hamburg 737 LR Portion 2 (a portion of portion 1) of Dorstland 768 LR Portion 3 (a portion of portion 1) of Dorstland 768 LR Remaining Extent of the Farm Witrivier 77 LR Noord Holland 775 LR Portion 1 of the Farm Witrivier 77 LR Mineral Area 1, excluding Mineral Area 2, on the Remaining Extent of Dorstland 768 LR Remaining Extent of Portion 1 of Dorstland 768 LR
|
New order prospecting rights in properties 1 to 5 have been granted and are in the process of being notarially executed. Conversion application for the old order prospecting rights to new order prospecting rights in properties 6 to 12 has already been lodged and approval is still pending. Legal opinion has confirmed that Plateau Resources, together with its joint venture partners, are competent applicants for conversion since they held old order prospecting rights to these properties.
|
Rietfontein Block: Rietfontein 2 KS | New order prospecting right in this property has been granted and is in the process of being notarially executed. |
Central Block
The Central Block consists of eight farms acquired by Plateau prior to its joint ventures with Anglo Platinum. It also includes one portion of the Dorstland farm acquired by way of an agreement with Rustenberg (see Kwanda JV below). Rietfontein 2KS, Drenthe 778LR, Witrivier 777LR and Dorstland 768LR were acquired through an agreement with Pinnacle Resources in 1999. Others are administered by the DME.
Rietfontein Block
On October 10 2001, Plateau entered into an agreement with African Minerals Limited, now Ivanhoe Platinum (“Ivanplats”), whereby Ivanplats had the right to earn a 50% joint venture interest in the Company’s 2,900 hectares Rietfontein 2KS Farm. Under the terms of this agreement, Ivanplats was to incur at least CAD 750,000 in expenditures pursuant to exploration activities undertaken on Rietfontein 2KS in accordance with an approved program in each of the ensuing two years (of which the year one program has been completed) to obtain the right to form a 50/50 joint venture with the Company on Rietfontein 2KS.
There continues to be disagreement over whether Ivanplats ever presented an 'exploration program' as contemplated by the parties and their agreement. Further disagreement exists with respect to the expenditure budgets, compilation and analysis of the exploration results, and the overall adequacy and
- 45 -
completeness of Ivanplats’ exploration activities. This affects whether or not Ivanplats completed its earn in requirements. Plateau and Ivanplats are currently in discussions over these matters, both outside of and within a formal arbitration process, pursuant to the terms of the earn-in agreement. The outcome of the discussions and arbitration are not currently determinable.
Kwanda JV (North Block and South Block)
On May 16, 2002, the Company completed an agreement with Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited ("RPM"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo Platinum, for the right to acquire up to an 80% interest in twelve PGM properties located on the Northern Limb of the Bushveld Complex.
Under the agreements with Anglo Platinum, the Company has acquired an initial 50% interest in the PGM rights to the twelve farms and can maintain this interest by making staged exploration expenditure totaling ZAR 25 million within five years. The Company is required to, and did, spend ZAR 2.5 million in year one, ZAR 5 million in year two, and is required to spend ZAR 5 million in each of years three and four and ZAR 7.5 million in year five. The Company has not completed its exploration expenditure requirement from year three to five, and both parties have mutually agreed to suspend indefinitely the expenditures requirements for years three to five.
If a mineral resource is identified, the Company can earn an additional 30% interest by bringing the property into commercial production. RPM will retain a 20% interest in the joint venture. The agreements also include plans to involve local communities in future development of the properties. Any participation by local and regional communities will be provided out of RPM's interest and any participation in the venture by a Historically Disadvantaged South African partner will be provided out of Anooraq's interest.
Boikgantsho JV (Drenthe, Witrivier and Overysel North)
On November 26, 2003, the Company announced that it had entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (the "Boikgantsho JV") with Potgietersrust Platinums Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo Platinum. The Joint Venture was formed to explore and develop PGMs, gold and nickel mineralization on the Company's Drenthe 778LR and Witrivier 777LR farms and a portion of PPRust's adjacent Overysel 815LR farm. These farms are located on the Northern Limb of the Bushveld Complex.
The objective is to explore and develop a large-scale open pit deposit with the potential to utilize nearby milling, smelting and refining facilities which could provide substantial cost advantages to a new mining project. The Company contributed its rights to the Drenthe 778LR farm on which a large PGM-nickel resource has been outlined in the Drenthe deposit, and will contribute the Witrivier 777LR farm if the deposit extends north on to Witrivier 777LR. PPRust is contributing its rights to the northern portion of the Overysel 815LR farm which lies south of and contiguous to the Drenthe 778LR farm.
Pursuant to the terms of the Joint Venture Agreement, the Company and Anglo Platinum formed an initial 50/50 Joint Venture to explore these farms for a period of up to five years. During that period, Anooraq will operate the exploration programs, and spend up to ZAR 12.35 million (of which the entire amount has been spent) on behalf of the Boikgantsho JV. Anooraq will then have the option to proceed on a year-by-year basis and to take the project to a bankable feasibility study ("BFS") level.
Once a BFS has been completed, the parties, by agreement, may proceed to exploitation subject to relevant regulatory requirements. If both partners decide to proceed, then a joint management committee will be established to oversee development and operations. At commencement of exploitation, the joint
- 46 -
venture interest allotted to each of Anooraq and Anglo Platinum will be determined in proportion to the relative value of the metals contained in each contributed property as reflected in the BFS. Anooraq or Anglo Platinum, as the case may be, each has the right to make a cash payment to the other party or to fund additional capital contributions to equalize their respective contributions. During development, the Boikgantsho JV will be seeking a Black Economic Empowerment partner to participate in the project (which may be Anooraq itself) with the original Boikgantsho JV partners dividing the remaining interest.
Should the Company choose not to proceed, Anglo Platinum has the option of acquiring the Company's interest at the aggregate of (i) the net present value of exploiting the Company's mineral rights as a stand-alone mining operation, by applying an agreed discount rate as determined in the BFS, and (ii) all exploration expenditures (as defined in the agreement) incurred by the Company up to the completion of the BFS. Should Anglo Platinum decide not to contribute to exploitation, its interest will be diluted over time pursuant to a formula taking into account expenditure on the project by the contributory parties. Anglo Platinum will remain entitled to a minimum 12.5% non-contributory interest, adjusted depending on the final PGM royalty to be established under the Royalty Bill, to a maximum of 15%.
Anglo Platinum has the right to enter into a PGM Ore or Concentrate Purchase and Disposal Agreement at the exploitation phase, based on standard commercial terms, whereby PGM produced from the operation would be treated at Anglo Platinum's facilities.
Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography
Access from Johannesburg to the central portion of the Platreef Project area is via highway N1 to the city of Mokopane, then 35 kilometers to the north-northwest via well maintained secondary roads. There are nearby highways, railways, and high capacity electrical transmission lines.
The climate is semi-arid with moderate winter temperatures in the 20 degrees C range, typically increasing to 35 degrees C in summer.
Water from existing community wells and a well sunk by Anooraq is available for drilling on the property. Groundwater studies will be required to identify adequate supplies of process water for any mining operation.
The terrain is relatively flat, with a mean elevation of 1,100 meters; therefore, there are no prohibitive physical obstacles to inhibit exploration of the Platreef Properties. Vegetation is generally sparse and consists mostly of various thorn bushes.
History
Exploration on the Platreef Properties prior to the involvement of Plateau in 1998 had been sporadic in spite of numerous historic drill holes identifying extensive PGM mineralization on the Farm Drenthe 778LR.
Rietfontein Block
Drilling by Ivanplats to test the Platreef target on Rietfontein began in July 2002. Thirty-six vertical core holes were drilled at spacings of 100 to 200-meter intervals along strike and 50 to 150 meters across the width of the Platreef pyroxenite. A further 31 diamond drill holes, totalling 6,374 meters, were drilled in 2003. This drilling has outlined a zone of PGM mineralization in the Platreef over a strike length of
- 47 -
1,600 meters on Farm Rietfontein, adjacent to the Turfspruit boundary. No work was done on the Rietfontein Block in 2005, 2006 or 2007.
Kwanda JV
In 2002, Plateau carried out an integrated exploration program of airborne geophysics, grid geochemistry and geological mapping in the area, tracing a pyroxenite unit that hosts a PGM deposit on an adjacent farm for six kilometers on the South Block property. A diamond drilling program, comprising 15 holes (2,465 meters) conducted in 2003 did not encounter significant PGM mineralization. An airborne geophysical survey was flown over the Platreef properties, including the North Block during the same period. No work has been done on the South or North Blocks in 2005, 2006 or 2007.
Central Block
Between 1998 and 2002, Plateau completed 44 diamond drill holes completed on the farms Drenthe 778LR and Witrivier 777LR, confirming mineralization in the Drenthe deposit as well as tracing the mineralized horizon along 4.5 kilometers.
A Preliminary Assessment of the Drenthe deposit done in 2003 based on the resources estimated to that time and a preliminary open pit design provided encouraging results.
Drilling programs prior to 2004 had established a mineralized corridor extending for approximately 2,100 meters, within which several 10 to 20-meter thick zones of mineralization with PGM concentrations in the range 0.5 - -2.5 g/t 4PGM, defining the Drenthe deposit.
Boikgantsho JV
Two phases of drilling were completed in 2004 to further delineate mineral resources and provide samples for metallurgical testing. Forty-six holes (19,570 meters) were drilled on the Drenthe Farm, 27 holes (5,261 meters) on the Witrivier Farm and 64 holes (12,739 meters) on the northern part of the Overysel Farm. Drill holes were generally spaced at 100-meter intervals along lines 100 meters apart on all three farms, except on the Drenthe farm where large areas were drilled at 50-meter spacing along lines 100 meters apart. The drilling programs expanded the Drenthe deposit and outlined a new deposit called the Overysel North. A resource estimate was done based on drilling to mid September 2004 (see Estimates of Mineralization, below). Mineralization remains open to the north and down dip to the west.
Mineralogical investigations showed the PGM grains to be quite coarse (45 microns average) with 80 percent of the PGM grains occurring as discrete grains separate from the base metal sulphides, and less than 10 percent associated with gangue. Initial rougher flotation tests showed high recoveries (Pd - 89%, Pt - 84%, Ni - 83%) at a relatively coarse grind of 60 percent finer than 75 microns.
An updated Preliminary Assessment was done in March 2005. The Preliminary Assessment was based on an open pit operation utilizing indicated and inferred mineral resources (Tables 2 and 3) estimated for the Drenthe and Overysel North deposits. As the Preliminary Assessment included inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, there is no certainty that the results of the Preliminary Assessment will be realized.
For the study, the in pit resource was capped for a mine life of 32 years or 160 million tonnes grading 1.05 g/t 3PGM (0.44 g/t Pt, 0.53 g/t Pd, 0.08 g/t Au), 0.12% Ni and 0.08% Cu at a USD10.50/tonne cut-
- 48 -
off. The mill feed rate used was 5 million tonnes per year. A conventional mill circuit, comprising crushing, grinding and two stage flotation was envisaged, using head grade driven concentrator recoveries of: platinum 75%, palladium 75%, gold 75%, copper 80% and nickel 75%. Mining costs for the study and processing costs were derived from studies were based on estimates provided by South African mining contractors. Administrative and environmental costs were based on contract submissions.
The Preliminary Assessment used US dollars (USD) and South African Rand (ZAR), a ZAR: USD exchange ratio of 7:1 and expected long term metal prices of USD650/oz for platinum, USD250/oz for palladium, USD375/oz for gold, USD4.00/lb for nickel and USD1.00/lb for copper. The pre tax and pre-royalty model forecasted an internal rate of return of 25%, and a net present value of USD300.5 million at 5% discount and USD138.8 million at 10% discount. The estimated capital cost was USD152.8 million with a payback of 3 ¼ years. The operating cost was USD9.52 per tonne milled.
Drilling in 2005 focused on the Drenthe deposit and tested the entire area within the provisional open pit design for the Drenthe deposit used for the March 2005 Preliminary Assessment. The 24,400-meter program was comprised of 136 vertical holes drilled at 50-meter intervals along 50-meter spaced lines. The results were consistent with previous, wider spaced drilling, and confirmed the continuity of the PGM mineralization within the Drenthe deposit. The information was compiled and the block model was updated. Engineering studies toward a prefeasibility study on the Boikgantsho JV Project were also initiated in 2005, but further work was deferred in 2006 and 2007.
Geological Setting and Mineralization
Regional mapping, geophysical data and drilling at various spacings suggest that the Platreef extends for some 12 kilometers on the Platreef property. PGM mineralization within this 70-250 meters thick succession is commonly associated with pyrrhotite (iron sulphide), chalcopyrite (copper sulphide) and pentlandite (nickel sulphide).
The entire Platreef rock package is mineralized to some extent, containing anything from 100 parts per billion (ppb) up to approximately 10,000 ppb PGM in places. The configuration of a mineralized zone is therefore a function of chosen cut-off grade typically, in the range 0.5 g/t to 1.0 g/t, and not confined to individual rock units. Nevertheless, these chemically defined zones typically form ‘layer-like’ bodies, or ‘reefs’ in South African terminology, which lie sub-parallel to the general igneous strike and dip of the Platreef rock package.
The weathering profile is variable and can extend as deep as 66 meters. Generally, less than 50% of drill holes exhibit any degree of strong weathering, to a mean depth of 14.2 meters.
Sampling and Analysis, and Security of Samples
The flow chart in Figure 3 illustrates the sampling and analytical protocol for the Platreef cored drill holes.
- 49 -
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx52x1.jpg)
Figure 3. Analytical flow sheet
The boxed core was picked up at the drill rig and transported to a secure core logging facility near Mokopane for geotechnical logging, geological logging, sample selection, quality control designation and sampling by Anooraq personnel. Half core is retained at the secure Anooraq warehouse near Mokopane. Master pulps are also retained at the warehouse. Pulps remaining after analyses at Acme have been shipped for long term storage at Anooraq’s secured warehouse at Port Kells, B.C.
Anooraq monitored the sampling and analytical procedures of the project with a detailed quality assurance/quality control (QAQC) program. Typically, the additional analytical work involved in the QAQC program was greater than 10% of the basic analytical requirement for a project. The QAQC program was separate from the internal procedures used by the analytical laboratories.
- 50 -
Mineral Resource Estimates
Resource estimates were completed for the Drenthe and Overysel North deposits as outlined by drilling to mid-September 2004. Indicated and inferred resources for the deposits are tabulated below:
Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Indicated Resources |
This section uses the term “indicated resources”. The Company advises investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize it.Investors are cautioned not toassume that any part or all of mineral deposits in this category will ever be converted into reserves. |
Table 2. Boikgantsho JV Indicated Mineral Resources
Nov 2004 at a USD20 GMV/t cut-off
Deposit | Tonnes (millions) | 3PGM (g/t) | Pt (g/t) | Pd (g/t) | Au (g/t) | Ni (%) | Cu (%) |
Drenthe | 132.24 | 1.25 | 0.53 | 0.62 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.09 |
Overysel North | 44.42 | 1.64 | 0.67 | 0.87 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.06 |
Total | 176.66 | 1.35 | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.08 |
Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Inferred Resources |
This section uses the term “inferred resources”. The Company advises investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize it. “Inferred resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of a mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred Mineral Resources may not form the basis of economic studies, except in rare cases.Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of aninferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable. |
Table 3. Boikgantsho JV Inferred Mineral Resources
Nov 2004 at a USD20 GMV/t cut-off
Deposit
| Tonnes (millions) | 3PGM (g/t) | Pt (g/t) | Pd (g/t) | Au (g/t) | Ni (%) | Cu (%) |
Drenthe | 88.64 | 1.16 | 0.49 | 0.58 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.09 |
Overysel North | 15.71 | 1.63 | 0.65 | 0.88 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.06 |
Total | 104.35 | 1.23 | 0.52 | 0.63 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.09 |
Notes to tables 2 and 3:
Numbers represent 100% of the mineral resources, of which 50% are attributable to Anooraq.
Gross Metal Value per tonne (GMV/t) is sum of Pt, Pd, Au, Cu and Ni grades multiplied by the following metal prices:
Pt – USD650/oz; Pd – USD250/oz; Au – USD375/oz; Ni – USD4/lb; Cu – USD1/lb.
G.J. van der Heever, Pr.Sci.Nat., of GeoLogix, an independent qualified person, is responsible for the resource estimate described in technical reports filed at www.sedar.com.
Recent Exploration
Work on the Platreef Properties, including the Boikgantsho prefeasibility study, was deferred in 2006 and 2007 as the Company focused its financial resources on the Ga-Phasha Project.
Plan of Operation – 2008
Planning to resume prefeasibility study work in 2008 is underway. The estimated overall project budget for 2008 is $482,000.
- 51 -
The Ga-Phasha Project
Property Description and Location
The Ga-Phasha Project is located on the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex, approximately 45 kilometers north northwest of the Limpopo Province town of Steelpoort and 250 kilometers northeast of Johannesburg. The property consists of four farms, covering an area of approximately 9,700 hectares, held by Micawber 277 (Proprietary) Limited, a private South African corporation owned 50 percent by Anglo Platinum through its wholly owned subsidiary Rustenburg Platinum Mines and 50 percent by Anooraq through its wholly owned South African subsidiary Plateau Resources (Pty) Ltd. The 50:50 joint ventures between Plateau and Rustenburg is governed by, among other things, a shareholders agreement relating to Micawber dated September 22, 2004.
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-FA/0001062993-08-003780/form20fx54x1.jpg)
Figure 4. Mineral Rights Holdings, Ga-Phasha Project Area
Micawber holds PGM mineral rights within the UG2 and Merensky Reefs on the farms Klipfontein 465KS, Avoca 472 and DeKamp 507 KS and a portion of Paschaskraal 466KS. Micawber has a lease over the PGM mineral rights for the remainder of Paschaskraal 466KS, which are held by the state. There are nominal annual fees to maintain the farms.
- 52 -
Table 4. Ga-Phasha Mineral Rights
Ga-Phasha Project:
| Micawber 277 holds old order mining rights to all four properties. In terms of the MPRDA, these old order mining rights are valid until 30 April 2009, after which they will expire and revert to the South African State if not converted into applicable new order mining rights. Micawber 277 intends to apply for new order mining rights before expiry. |
Klipfontein 465 KS Paschaskraal 466 KS De Kamp 507 KS Avoca 472 |
Surface rights on Paschaskraal 466KS, Klipfontein 465KS, De Kamp 507KS and Avoca 473KS are held by the state in trust for local tribal authorities.
Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography
The Ga-Phasha site is located in a region of sparse development with little infrastructure. Access to the site is gained via gravel roads from Steelpoort or Burgersfort to the southeast and from Polokwane approximately 80 kilometers to the northwest.
Recent development at the neighbouring Twickenham-Hackney mine has resulted in infrastructure improvements such as paved roads, power lines, and water supplies.
The climatic conditions are typical of the Limpopo Province. Temperatures in summer are warm to hot, averaging 26 to 30 degrees C, and are moderate to cool in winter. The area is considered semi-arid, with annual rainfall of 529 mm, which is below the average for South Africa. The rainy season extends over the months of October through April.
The general topography of the area is defined by a relatively flat valley, flanked by pronounced northwest to south-east trending mountain ranges that are located on the north-eastern and south-western sections of the property. Extensive settlements have been developed at the foot of both these mountain ranges. The area between the villages where the land is flatter has been broken up into small farming units or plots for cultivating crops.
History
There has been a considerable amount of exploration on the Klipfontein and Paschaskraal farms by past operators such as JCI, Anglovaal and Anglo Platinum, with well over 300 drill holes completed.
Initial metallurgical test work by Anglo Platinum showed a very good flotation response with platinum group element recoveries ranging from 92.7% to 96.5% . The good flotation response was attributed to the predominant association of PGM with base metal sulphides, which are coarser than those present in UG2 in the western Bushveld. Nickel, copper and sulphur recoveries were good for UG2 type ore, namely: 14-24% nickel, 77-86% copper and 83-90% sulphur.
In 2002, Anglo Platinum completed an economic study on the UG2 deposit (equivalent to a preliminary assessment because inferred resources were also used). This study envisioned an underground mine very similar to that being developed on the neighbouring Twickenham property, using down dip semi-mechanized reef mining and access by twin shaft declines. Each decline shaft comprises three barrels: a decline ramp for equipment, a conveyor decline, and a chairlift decline for moving personnel.
- 53 -
Ore was to be treated at the Twickenham concentrator. Based on twin declines producing 100,000 tonnes per month from the UG2 Reef only, Anglo Platinum concluded the project was an attractive investment and subsequently encouraged BEE group participation.
In February 2004, Anooraq commissioned a resource estimate for the Ga-Phasha Project utilizing drill hole information made available by Anglo Platinum from 299 drill holes drilled between 1966 and 2002. For the Merensky Reef on the Paschaskraal and Klipfontein frams, the resource estimation excluded the first 40 meters below surface, which is considered as an oxidized zone. Specific Gravity for the Merensky Reef was 3.1 and the UG2 Reef was 4.25. A 40% geological loss factor was applied, which includes 10% for faulting, 15% for potholes, 10% for intrusions and 5% for iron replacement bodies.
The Avoca and De Kamp farms adjoin Paschaskraal and Klipfontein on the down dip side of the UG2 and Merensky Reefs. No boreholes were drilled on these farms, but it is assumed that the reefs developed on Paschaskraal/Klipfontein farms would be developed on Avoca and De Kamp.
At a 2 g/t 4PGM cut-off the Merensky Reef estimates were:
- Measured and indicated resources of 43.2 million tonnes grading 4.39 g/t 4PGM
- Inferred resources of 39.8 million tonnes grading 4.28 g/t 4PGM on the Paschaskraal and Klipfontein farms
- Inferred resources of 97.6 million tonnes grading 4.34 g/t 4PGM on the Avoca and DeKamp farms
At a 4 g/t 4PGM cut-off, the UG2 Reef estimates were:
- Measured and indicated resources of 65.7 million tonnes grading 6.97 g/t 4PGM
- Inferred resources of 33.9 million tonnes grading 7.20 g/t 4PGM on the Paschaskraal and Klipfontein farms
- Inferred resources of 77.6 million tonnes grading 7.05 g/t 4PGM on the Avoca and DeKamp farms
The drill hole database is comprised of 127 Merensky drill holes and 322 UG2 drill holes. Of these, 116 parent drill holes intersected the Merensky Reef (plus deflections there are 257 Merensky Reef intersections) and 230 parent drill holes intersected the UG2 Reef (with deflections there are a total 616 UG2 reef intersections). These databases were used to estimate the current mineral resources as shown in Tables 5, 6 and 7 (see Estimates of Mineralization). Measured, indicated and inferred resources in the UG2 deposit and indicated and inferred resources in the Merensky Reef deposit increased from the 2004 estimates above.
Geological Setting and Mineralization
The Ga-Phasha Project area is underlain by rocks of the Upper Critical and Main Zones. The Main Zone is comprised of gabbros and ferro gabbros (iron and magnesium rich igneous rocks).
The two platinum-bearing horizons at Ga-Phasha are the UG2 chromitite and the Merensky Reef, both of which occur within the Upper Critical Zone. The sequence strikes northwest-southeast and dips in a westerly direction towards the center of the Bushveld Complex. The dip decreases on a regional scale from approximately 30 degrees in the north to approximately 10 degrees in the south. In general, the Reefs are separated by a package of norites and anorthosites, averaging some 390 meters in thickness.
The UG2 Reef is a chromitite layer that hosts PGMs and some base metal sulphides. Mineralisation
- 54 -
occurs throughout the UG2 Reef chromitite with usually significantly higher values associated with the hanging wall and footwall contacts. Mineralisation may also occur within the footwall pyroxenite, mainly associated with disseminated chromite and chromitite stringers/lenses, with grades of up to 10 g/t 4PGM. The hanging wall units do not contain significant PGM values although values in excess of 5 g/t can occur where associated with the chromitite stringers or disseminated chromitite.
The feldspathic pyroxenite rocks within the Merensky package host chromite, base and precious metal sulphide accumulations. PGM occur as discrete metals that are typically associated with and enclosed within base metal sulphides and silicates. There is a strong association of PGM with the chromitite stringers usually demarcating the upper and lower contacts of the Reef, with higher grades at the contacts.
Sampling and Analysis, and Security of Samples
The following is a summary of the core logging and sampling procedures used by Anglo Platinum. Core logging is undertaken by qualified geologists on site at the Driekop Exploration Base, where all boreholes and their deflections are accurately logged in terms of lithology, mineralization, alteration and structure. Specialized geotechnical and structural logging is also carried out by rock engineering and structural geologists. After the bagging of samples on site at the Driekop core yard, the samples were transported to Anglo Platinum Research Centre ("ARC") in Germiston, near Johannesburg, by 3 ton Dyna or pickup truck. ARC processed the samples from pre-2000 drilling. Post-2000 samples are processed by Anglo American Research Laboratory ("AARL"). When transported to AARL, the samples are delivered by ARC staff and vehicles.
Generally the intersections of Merensky and UG2 reefs are assayed for 4PGM (Pt, Pd, Rh, Au), Cu and Ni contents. Individual Pt, Pd, Rh and Au contents of each sample were determined.
ARC Procedures
All samples are duplicated and run on an A and B stream at different times. Internal Quality control occurs with every batch. ARC did not use blanks, and integrated an internal Quality Control sampling once a week. Comparative results from A and B streams are available.
All samples were pulverized to 80% +/-5% <75 microns. For Fire Assay – 4 elements (Pb collector), there is loss of PGM and these results then often require a correction factor to be applied. In the borehole database, samples assayed using Pb collector fire assay methods were not corrected. The precious metal concentration was reported as the sum of Pt, Pd, Rh, and Au. For Fire Assay-ICP, silver was used to collect Pd, Pt, and Au, and Pd was used to collect Rh. Using the Ag/Pd collectors reduced random losses of the PGM, providing a more precise analysis as well as a lower detection limit.
AARL Procedures
Samples are crushed in a jaw crusher to 2 millimeters. The entire sample is then milled to 85 per cent –75 microns or finer. An 8-minute milling time is required. For Atomic Absorption, pulped samples are digested with a triple acid attack with perchloric, nitric and hydrofluoric acids. The acid attack is performed three times after which the solutions are transferred to 100 ml flasks and read on the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Cu and Ni. Four per cent of the samples are replicated. Two blanks and three reference standards are included in every batch.
Prior to X-ray fluorescence analyses, pulped samples are mixed with a styrene – wax binder (SASMU) and milled to mix in the binder and further reduce particle sizes. The samples are pressed into briquettes.
- 55 -
The briquettes are read on the AARL PW 1404 X-Ray Fluorescope for Cu and Ni. Mineralogical effects are evident in the briquettes – hence separate ‘type’ calibrations are critical for UG2 and Merensky type samples. Approximately 5 per cent on the samples are replicated. Two reference materials are analyzed with every batch (max 100).
For Fire Assay and ICP, all assays are done in duplicate and the average of acceptable replicate pairs is reported. Samples are weighed out and mixed with an appropriate flux for the material type. Silver is used as a co-collector. The samples are fire assayed and the prills (material remaining from this process) are dissolved in aqua regia and read on the inductively coupled plasma ("ICP") spectrometer for Pt, Pd and Au. One blank and two reference materials are analyzed with every worksheet (max 35).
For Rhodium, all assays are done in duplicate and the average of acceptable replicate pairs is reported. Samples are weighed out and mixed with an appropriate flux for the material type. Palladium is used as a co collector. The samples are fire assayed and the prills (material remaining from this process) dissolved in aqua regia and read on the ICP for Rh. One blank and two reference materials are analyzed with every worksheet (max 35).
AARL, an ISO 17025 registered company, has a comprehensive quality control system that includes blanks, certified reference materials, in-house reference materials, and twin streaming/replicate analyses.
Mineral Resource Estimates
The UG2 and Merensky Reef “resource cut widths” were established through a combination of model estimates of the geotechnical hanging wall thickness, the reef thickness and a minimum footwall dilution of 0.10 meter. For the Merensky Reef, composited footwall components with a grade greater than 2.0 g/t 4PGM were also included. Grades and widths for both reefs are specific gravity and length weighted.
The weathered and oxidized horizon, called Regolith in the tables below, extends to an average depth of 40 m below surface. The tonnages in the tables are after geological loss factors are applied. Geological losses are related to the presence of potholes and other structural features such as faults and dykes.
For UG2, the loss factors are Regolith, from 17% (measured) to 26% (inferred); Mining Footprint, 15% (measured and indicated); and Remnant, from 24% (indicated) to 25% (measured and inferred).
Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Measured and Indicated Resources |
This section uses the terms “measured resources” and “indicated resources”. The Company advises investors that while those terms are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize them.Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits in these categories will ever beconverted into reserves. |
Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Inferred Resources |
This section uses the term “inferred resources”. The Company advises investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize it. “Inferred resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of a mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred Mineral Resources may not form the basis of economic studies, except in rare cases.Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of aninferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable. |
- 56 -
Table 5a. Paschaskraal and Klipfontein Farms
UG2 Reef Measured and Indicated Resources1,4
Over a mimimum width of 0.90 meter
Horizon
| Category
| Tonnes (millions)
| 4PGM2 (g/t)
| Pt3 (g/t)
| Pd3 (g/t)
| Rh3 (g/t)
| Au3 (g/t)
|
Regolith | Measured | 0.97 | 6.33 | 2.74 | 2.99 | 0.49 | 0.11 |
| Indicated | 1.43 | 6.45 | 2.74 | 3.08 | 0.52 | 0.12 |
Mining | Measured | 7.17 | 6.74 | 2.80 | 3.28 | 0.55 | 0.12 |
Footprint | Indicated | 0.07 | 7.04 | 2.91 | 3.41 | 0.60 | 0.13 |
Remnant | Measured | 16.71 | 6.40 | 2.71 | 3.05 | 0.54 | 0.11 |
| Indicated | 55.95 | 6.56 | 2.77 | 3.14 | 0.53 | 0.11 |
Total Measured + Indicated | 82.30 | 6.53 | 2.76 | 3.13 | 0.53 | 0.11 |
Table 5b. Paschaskraal and Klipfontein Farms
UG2 Reef Inferred Resources1,4
Over a minimum width of 0.90 meter
Horizon | Tonnes (millions) | 4PGM2 (g/t) | Pt3 (g/t) | Pd3 (g/t) | Rh3 (g/t) | Au3 (g/t) |
Regolith | 1.13 | 6.28 | 2.68 | 2.99 | 0.50 | 0.11 |
Remnant | 67.36 | 6.47 | 2.72 | 3.09 | 0.54 | 0.11 |
Total Inferred | 68.49 | 6.47 | 2.72 | 3.09 | 0.54 | 0.11 |
For the Merensky Reef, a geological loss factor of 27% has been applied to each horizon.
Table 6a. Paschaskraal and Klipfontein Farms
Merensky Reef Measured and Indicated Resources1,4
Over a minimum width of 0.90 meter
Horizon | Category | Tonnes (millions) | 4PGM2 (g/t) | Pt3 (g/t) | Pd3 (g/t) | Rh3 (g/t) | Au3 (g/t) |
Regolith | Measured | 0.83 | 4.05 | 2.44 | 1.25 | 0.14 | 0.23 |
| Indicated | 4.15 | 4.16 | 2.52 | 1.23 | 0.13 | 0.28 |
Remnant | Measured | 7.54 | 4.35 | 2.63 | 1.33 | 0.15 | 0.24 |
| Indicated | 44.05 | 4.70 | 2.94 | 1.30 | 0.17 | 0.28 |
Total Measured + Indicated | 56.57 | 4.61 | 2.86 | 1.29 | 0.17 | 0.27 |
- 57 -
Table 6b. Paschaskraal and Klipfontein Farms
Merensky Reef Inferred Resources1,4
Over a minimum width of 0.90 meter
Horizon
| Tonnes (millions)
| 4PGM2 (g/t)
| Pt3 (g/t)
| Pd3 (g/t)
| Rh3 (g/t)
| Au3 (g/t)
|
Remnant | 57.51 | 4.40 | 2.67 | 1.30 | 0.16 | 0.28 |
Mineral Resources for the Avoca and De Kamp farms were estimated over a minimum 0.9 meter width, but honouring reef widths (0.96 meters for UG2 and 1.3 meters for Merensky). Grade, width and specific gravity were derived from the up-dip resources for Paschaskraal (for De Kamp) and Klipfontein (for Avoca). Geological loss factor applied was 32% for Merensky Reef tonnage and an average of 25% for the UG2. The inferred mineral resources are estimated to be:
Table 7. Avoca and DeKamp farms
Inferred Resources1,4
Over a minimum width of 0.90 m
Deposit | Width (meters) | Tonnes (millions) | 4PGM2 (g/t) | Pt3 (g/t) | Pd3 (g/t) | Rh3 (g/t) | Au3 (g/t) |
Merensky Reef | 1.30 | 122.50 | 4.48 | 2.71 | 1.33 | 0.16 | 0.28 |
UG2 | 0.96 | 118.11 | 6.49 | 2.73 | 3.11 | 0.54 | 0.12 |
Notes to Tables 5, 6 and 7:
1A mineral resource is an inventory of mineralization that, under realistically assumed and justifiable technical and economic conditions, might become economically viable. A mineral resource that is not a mineral reserve does not have demonstrated economic viability.
24PGM = platinum + palladium + rhodium + gold;
3 Grades for individual elements are estimated from prill assays to tally 4PGM.
4The numbers represent 100% of the Ga-Phasha resource of which 50% is attributable to Anooraq.
5 Metallurgical recoveries are assumed to be 100%.
The resource estimates were completed under the supervision of Gordon Chunnett, Pr.Sci.Nat., of Anglo Platinum Limited, who is a qualified person as defined by Canadian Securities Administrators, National Instrument 43-101.
According the October 2007 technical report, using metal prices of USD778/oz for platinum, USD288/oz for palladium, USD1374/oz for rhodium and USD400/oz for gold and an ZAR:USD exchange rate of 8.16, the cut-off for the UG2 resources would be 1.76 g/t 4PGM and for the Merensky Reef would be 2.6 g/t 4PGM.
Recent Exploration
Anooraq and Anglo Platinum undertook a program review between April and October 2006. Several approaches were considered to optimize mining of the deposits at Ga-Phasha. The Review confirmed that the UG2 reef deposit would remain the primary focus for development, and the Merensky reef warrants further study through additional drilling.
Engineering and other work directed toward completion of a prefeasibility level study was initiated near the end of 2006, with the following parameters/objectives:
- 58 -
- a Phase 1 study to exploit the UG2 reef to a depth of some 650 meters below surface;
- identification of a single preferred option by which to proceed to a bankable feasibility phase; and
- contemplate and assess optimization of economies of scale between the Parties’ operations in the area, and in that regard, evaluate the possible usage of joint infrastructure and processing facilities between Anglo Platinum’s adjacent Twickenham Platinum Mine and Ga-Phasha.
Studies on mining method and infrastructure have been undertaken. Labour, socio-economic and environmental studies were also done.
Preliminary work suggests developing two declines, one in each of the Paschaskraal and Klipfontein areas, and a centrally located vertical shaft to access the deposits for mining. The most appropriate mining method appears to be conventional breast stoping, supported by rail bound, footwall infrastructure.
Prefeasibility work has been largely deferred while the Company focuses on the Lebowa transaction.
Plan of Operation - 2008
Once the Lebowa Transaction is completed, it is expected that the prefeasibility study will recommence and be concluded in fiscal 2008. The estimated overall project budget for 2008 is $1,448,000.
- 59 -
| |
ITEM 4A | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
- 60 -
| |
ITEM 5 | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS |
Overview
The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (“Canadian GAAP”). Note 13 to the financial statements provides descriptions of the material measurement differences between Canadian GAAP and US GAAP as they relate to the Company and a reconciliation to US GAAP of the Company’s financial statements.
Anooraq’s business strategy is to acquire, explore and conduct detailed engineering and economic analyses of mineral deposits that have large tonnage and multi-year operation potential in order to enhance the value of the project.
Anooraq’s results of operations are economically evaluated on an "event driven" basis in that exploration expenditures yield information on the nature, extent and statistical confidence (primarily from diamond drill exploration programs) in a mineralized deposit’s size and continuity, information that is not in the financial statements. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate the success of operations in a fiscal period by reference to the financial statements given that results are more appropriately measured by an evaluation of the minerals discovered and/or confirmed. Anooraq’s operating activities do not occur on a regular or periodic basis and are subject to the economic realities of metals prices and equity financing conditions for natural resource exploration issuers. Accordingly, it may not be meaningful to seek observable trends in financial operating statistics although liquidity statistics will be important. Although Anooraq calculates an annual loss per share (which has varied over a range of $0.03 to $0.08 over the last three fiscal periods), Anooraq is of the view that its share price does not vary in accordance with the loss per share statistic but rather Anooraq’s share price varies with the price of the underlying market for platinum group metals, the outlook for these metals and the outlook for the Company’s projects.
Anooraq’s financial statements are prepared on the basis that it will continue as a going concern. Given that Anooraq has no source of significant revenue, this assumption is always subject to the further assumption that there will continue to be investment interest in funding exploration to seek large tonnage metal deposits even where economic certainty is unknown. Anooraq can give no assurance that it will continue to be able to raise sufficient funds, and should it be unable to continue to do so, may be unable to realize on the carrying value of its resource projects, and the net realizable value could be materially less than Anooraq’s liabilities, with a potential for total loss to Anooraq shareholders.
During fiscal 2004, the Company changed its year end from October 31 to December 31, 2004. Accordingly, references to fiscal period 2004 relate to the fourteen month period ending December 31, 2004.
For additional details respecting five year historical exchange rates, see Item 3 – "Key Information". Anooraq has not been significantly affected by government economic, fiscal, monetary or political policies and the outlook for Anooraq's assets primarily relates to the outlook for platinum group metals. For information relating to the historical prices for platinum group metals, see Item 5D – "Trend Information" below.
- 61 -
Fiscal 2007 Compared to Fiscal 2006
Current assets decreased from the previous year by $5,407,849 and similarly, working capital decreased from the previous year by $6,786,613 as a result of decreased cash balances on hand, primarily due to the raising of finance from Anglo Platinum which was concluded in November 2006. Current liabilities increased from the previous year by $1,378,764.
The loss for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $14,296,131 compared to a loss of $4,504,844 for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase primarily resulted from stock based compensation expenses recognized on stock options granted in October 2007, interest expense on the Company’s term loan with Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited and additional salary and benefit costs relating to increased personnel in the Company’s South African operations. The Company recorded a loss of $0.08 per share for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to a loss of $0.03 per share for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 amounted to $876,900 in comparison to $751,325 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. The exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 were mainly incurred on the Ga-Phasha project. No drilling expenses were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $376,406 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. Assays and analysis expenditures amounted to $200 spent for the year ended December 31, 2007 in comparison to $38,393 expended for the year ended December 31, 2006. Geological and consulting costs for the year ended 2007 were $789,731 compared to $64,030 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. Engineering costs decreased to $19,784 from $141,784 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2006. The cost of site activities was $12,717 compared to $34,484 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. Site activity costs are principally associated with maintaining the field office in South Africa, but also include activities associated with the geological programs.
Legal, accounting and audit for the year ended December 31, 2007 amounted to $416,745 in comparison to $690,132 for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily as a result of advisory services provided in 2006 for the annual general meeting, expenses incurred relating to a secondary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa and various regulatory financial reporting requirements. Office and administration for the year ended December 31, 2007 amounted to $451,908 in comparison to $354,353 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. Conference and travel costs of $492,106 were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 in comparison to the $360,959 incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006 largely due to increased conference fees. These expenses were offset by decreased travel activity associated with the work rotation of project engineers. Consulting costs increased to $177,809 in comparison to $154,578 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006. Salaries and benefits amounted to $2,016,689 in 2007, an increase from $1,511,874 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006 mainly due to the employment of additional personnel in South Africa.
Trust and filing for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased to $269,503 in comparison to the $415,440 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily as a result of expenses incurred in 2006 relating to listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa. Stock based compensation expenses increased to $8,707,519 for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to $24,346 incurred for fiscal 2006, as a result of stock options grants in October 2007.
- 62 -
The Company recorded interest expense of $2,042,711 for the year ended December 31, 2007 in comparison to $399,062 incurred for fiscal 2006. The increase in interest expense is mainly due to a full year of accrued interest on the Company’s November 2006 term loan with Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited. Interest income increased to $799,985 for the year ended December 31, 2007 (2006 - $263,820) as a result of a higher cash balance compared to the same period in the previous year.
The Company also recorded a foreign exchange gain of $588,115 for the year ended December 31, 2007 in comparison to $34,817 for the year ended December 31, 2006. The gain is due to the strengthening of the Canadian dollar against the South African Rand over the course of fiscal 2007. A significant amount of the Company’s liabilities are denominated in South African Rand.
Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. ("HDSI") is a private company owned equally by several public companies, one of which is Anooraq. HDSI provides geological, corporate development, administrative and management services to, and incurs third party costs on behalf of the Company on a full cost recovery basis, pursuant to an agreement dated December 31, 1996. For the year ended December 31, 2007, HDSI billed Anooraq $798,330 as compared to $1,023,633 for the year ended December 31, 2006 for such services and cost reimbursements.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company paid or accrued $26,589 (year ended December 31, 2006 – $127,781) to CEC Engineering Ltd, a private company owned by a former director, for engineering and project management services at market rates.
Fiscal 2006 Compared to Fiscal 2005
Current assets increased from the previous year by $8,017,571 and similarly, working capital increased from the previous year by $7,362,424 as a result of increased cash balances on hand, primarily due to the financing from Anglo Platinum which was concluded in November 2006. Current liabilities increased from the previous year by $655,147.
The loss for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $4,504,844 compared to a loss of $12,303,801 for the year ended December 31, 2005. This decrease primarily resulted from lower exploration expenses due to financial constraints and a reduction in stock based compensation. The Company recorded a loss of $0.03 per share for the year ended December 31, 2006, compared to a loss of $0.08 per share for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $751,325 in comparison to $5,240,321 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. The decrease in exploration was mainly due to the Company’s lower average cash balances compared to the prior year. The exploration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 were mainly incurred on the Ga-Phasha project. Drilling costs amounted to $376,406 for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to $2,205,329 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Assays and analysis expenditures amounted to $38,393 spent for the year ended December 31, 2006 in comparison to $1,133,408 expended for the year ended December 31, 2005. Geological and consulting costs for the year ended 2006 were $64,030 compared to $759,335 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Engineering costs decreased to $141,784 from $538,169 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2005. The cost of site activities was $34,484 compared to $277,199 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Site activity costs are principally associated with maintaining the field office in South Africa, but also include activities associated with the drilling program.
Legal, accounting and audit for the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $690,132 in comparison to $474,422 for the year ended December 31, 2005 primarily as a result of advisory services provided for
- 63 -
the annual general meeting; expenses incurred relating to a secondary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa and various regulatory financial reporting requirements. Office and administration for the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $354,353 in comparison to $551,278 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Conference and travel costs of $360,959 were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006 in comparison to the $646,992 incurred during the year ended December 31, 2005 largely due to decreased travel activity associated with the work rotation of project engineers. Consulting costs decreased to $168,457 in comparison to $965,720 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Salaries and benefits amounted to $1,511,874 in 2006, a decrease from $1,659,465 spent for the year ended December 31, 2005. Trust and filing for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased to $415,440 in comparison to the $85,254 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2005 primarily as a result of expenses incurred relating to listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa.
Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. ("HDSI") is a private company owned equally by ten public companies, one of which is Anooraq. HDSI provides geological, corporate development, administrative and management services to, and incurs third party costs on behalf of the Company on a full cost recovery basis, pursuant to an agreement dated December 31, 1996. For the year ended December 31, 2006, HDSI billed Anooraq $1,023,633 as compared to $1,297,159 for the year ended December 31, 2005 for such services and cost reimbursements.
Pelawan is a private South African Black Economic Empowerment company which is a significant shareholder of the Company and which has certain directors in common with the Company. Pelawan became a majority shareholder on September 29, 2004. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company paid Pelawan $nil (year ended December 31, 2005 – $658,035) for technical, corporate development, administrative and management services provided to, and repayment of costs paid on behalf of, the Company. Pelawan's employees and consultants were transferred to Plateau Resources (Pty) Limited, a subsidiary of the Company, as of July 1, 2005 and are charging their time and services directly to Plateau.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company paid or accrued $127,781 (year ended December 31, 2005 – $166,662) to CEC Engineering Ltd, a private company owned by a former director, for engineering and project management services at market rates.
B. | Liquidity and Capital Resources |
Fiscal 2007 Compared with Fiscal 2006
At December 31, 2007, the Company had working capital of approximately $5.4 million as compared to $12.1 million at the end of the 2006 year. The cash position at December 31, 2007 was approximately $7.1 million.
Anooraq's sources of capital are primarily equity investment. The Company's access to capital sources is dependent upon general financial market conditions, especially those pertaining to venture capital situations such as mineral exploration and development. There can be no assurance that Anooraq's future capital requirements can be met in the long term, or that adequate financing will be obtained on a timely basis or at all. Failure to obtain adequate financing will result in significant delays of exploration programs and a substantial curtailment of operations. The Company's cash resources at December 31, 2007 are sufficient for its present needs, specifically to continue administrative and exploration operations at current levels through the end of the year 2008. Future programs may be deferred and operations
- 64 -
curtailed if additional funding is not secured. However, the Company anticipates that it will be able to raise additional financing.
In connection with the financing of the Lebowa transaction, Anooraq announced on May 20, 2008 that it has secured a binding credit agreement of up to ZAR 1.7 billion with Standard Chartered Bank which will be applied to finance a part of the acquisition price of ZAR 3.6 billion. The remaining amount will be provided in part by the payment of Pelawan, the proceeds of the warrants currently held in escrow. To the extent necessary, the balance is expected to be funded by a public issue of shares of the Company. The Company anticipates that it will be able to raise the required financing to meet the requirements of the Lebowa transaction.
The Company had 185,208,607 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2007. As the Company continues its exploration programs in the Bushveld, it will need to raise additional funds for such expenditures from time to time.
Fiscal 2006 Compared with Fiscal 2005
At December 31, 2006, the Company had working capital of approximately $12.1 million as compared to $4.8 million at the end of the 2005 fiscal year. The cash position at December 31, 2006 was approximately $12.8 million.
In November 2006, the Company completed a financing agreement with Anglo Platinum whereby Anglo Platinum, through its wholly owned subsidiary Rustenburg Platinum Mines, provided a loan in an amount of CAD 11.6 million (ZAR 70 million) to Plateau Resources (Pty) Ltd (“Plateau”), a wholly owned South African subsidiary of the Company. The loan bears interest at prime plus two percent, as quoted by the Standard Bank of South Africa. The first interest payment became due and payable fourteen months after the date of the advancement of the funds, with other subsequent interest payments due and payable in 6-month intervals thereafter. The final repayment date for the loan is on September 30, 2010, although, the agreement does allow for early repayment thereof. In conjunction with the loan, the Company incurred financing fees equal to 3% of the loan. Pursuant to security agreements entered into in connection with the loan, Plateau ceded as security, its interest in Micawber 277 (Pty) Ltd (Micawber). Micawber, a South African company equally owned by Rustenburg Platinum Mine and Plateau Resources, holds the Rustenburg and Plateau interests in the Ga-Phasha PGM Project.
The Company had 148,220,407 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2006.
Financial Instruments
Anooraq keeps its financial instruments denominated in Canadian dollars and do not engage in any hedging operations with respect to currency or in-situ minerals. Funds in excess of Anooraq's immediate needs are invested in short term near-cash investments pending the requirements for the funds. In addition, the Company has cash and certain liabilities denominated in South African rand. As a result, the Company is subject to foreign exchange risk from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. The Company has not entered into any derivative or other financial instruments to mitigate this foreign exchange risk.
Material Commitments for Capital Expenditures
At December 31, 2007 and June 25, 2008, the Company had no material commitments for capital expenditures.
- 65 -
C. | Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc. |
Anooraq is a resource-expenditure based corporation and, accordingly, does not have a program of intellectual property development or patenting or licensing issues.
Platinum prices have been increasing for the past three years, averaging USD900/oz in 2005, USD1,145/oz in 2006, and USD1,314/oz in 2007. Prices in the first half of 2008 have been particularly buoyant, averaging USD1,928/oz to June 25, 2008.
Palladium prices averaged approximately USD201/oz in 2005, USD323/oz in 2006 and USD358/oz in 2007. Palladium prices are strengthening in 2008 as consumers are considering substitution from platinum. The average price in 2008 to June 25, 2008 is USD441/oz.
Gold prices are continuing a long and sustained uptrend. The gold price averaged USD445/oz in 2005, USD604/oz in 2006 and USD697/oz in 2007. The price has averaged USD913/oz in 2008 to June 25, 2008.
E. | Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements |
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
F. | Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations |
As at fiscal yearend December 31, 2007, the Company had the following contractual obligations:
| Payment due by period (in millions of Canadian dollars) |
Type of Contractual Obligation |
Total | Less than 1 Year | 1 - 3 Years | 3 - 5 Years | More than 5 Years |
Long-Term Debt Obligations | 11.7 | 1.9 | 9.8 | Nil | Nil |
Capital (Finance) Lease Obligations | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Operating Lease Obligations (Office Lease) | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Purchase Obligations | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Other Long-Term Liabilities Reflected on the Company's Balance Sheet under the GAAP of the primary financial statements | Nil
| Nil
| Nil
| Nil
| Nil
|
Total | 11.7 | 1.9 | 9.8 | Nil | Nil |
The Company has no other capital lease obligations, operating leases or any other long term debt. The Company has routine market-price leases on its office premises in Johannesburg.
The Company has no "Purchase Obligations" defined as any agreement to purchase goods or services that is enforceable and legally binding on the Company that specifies all significant terms, including: fixed or
- 66 -
minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction.
The Company’s long term debt obligations are denominated in South African Rand (“ZAR”). Payments and settlement on the obligation is denominated in ZAR. Long term obligations have been presented at an exchange rate of 1 Canadian dollar = 6.94 ZAR.
The safe harbor provided in Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act applies to forward-looking information provided pursuant to Item 5.E and F above.
- 67 -
| |
ITEM 6 | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES |
A. | Directors and Senior Management |
Name and Occupation
The following table states the name, province or state, and country of residence of each of the directors and executive officers of the Company, the positions and offices presently held by them and the period or periods of time during which each has served as a directors of the Company.
Name, position with the Company and province or state and country of residence | Period(s) as a Director of the Company |
Scott COUSENS Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since September 1996
|
Anu DHIR Non-Executive Director London, England | Since May 2008
|
Robert DICKINSON Non-Executive Director and Co-Chairman British Columbia, Canada | (November 1990 – September 2004) Since October 2004 |
David ELLIOTT(1)(3) Non-Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since April 2005
|
Iemrahn HASSEN Executive Director and Chief Financial Officer Gauteng, South Africa | Since May 2008
|
Wayne KIRK(1)(3) Non-Executive Director California, United States | Since July 2005
|
Popo MOLEFE(1)(3) Non-Executive Director and Co-Chairman North West Province, South Africa | Since September 2004
|
Harold MOTAUNG Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004
|
Tumelo MOTSISI(2) Acting President, Chief Executive Officer, and Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004
|
Sipho NKOSI Non-Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004
|
Rizelle SAMPSON Non-Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004
|
- 68 -
Name, position with the Company and province or state and country of residence | Period(s) as a Director of the Company |
Ronald THIESSEN(2) Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since April 1996
|
(1) | Member of the Audit Committee. |
(2) | Member of Compensation Committee. |
(3) | Member of Nominating and Governance Committee. |
All directors have a term of office expiring at the next annual general meeting of Anooraq. All executive officers have a term of office lasting until their removal or replacement by the Board of Directors. Additional details including the principal occupation for the past five years of the above directors are as follows:
SCOTT COUSENS – Director
Scott Cousens provides management, technical and financial services to a number of publicly traded companies. Mr. Cousens’ focus since 1991 has been the development of relationships within the international investment community. Substantial financings and subsequent corporate success has established strong ties with North American, European and Asian investors.
Mr. Cousens is, or was within the past five years, a director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Amarc Resources Ltd. | Director | September 1995 | Present |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | September 1996 | Present |
Continental Minerals Corporation | Director
| June 1994
| Present
|
Farallon Resources Ltd. | Director | December 1995 | April 2007 |
Great Basin Gold Ltd. | Director | March 1993 | November 2006 |
Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. | Director | June 1996 | Present |
Rockwell Diamonds Inc. | Director | November 2000 | Present |
Taseko Mines Limited | Director | October 1992 | Present |
ANU DHIR, BA, JD – Director
Anu Dhir holds a BA from the University of Toronto and a JD from Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Connecticut. Ms. Dhir has extensive experience in international business, operations and legal affairs in private equity and publicly-held companies in the mining, oil and gas, and technology sectors. Ms. Dhir is currently the Vice President, Corporate Development of Katanga Mining Limited (“Katanga”). Prior to joining Katanga, she held various strategy and business development positions with CC Capital Partners Group, Easton Drilling Fund LP, Andina Minerals Inc., GeoLogistics Corp and Gateway Inc. She has also helped finance and lead private companies into the public markets.
- 69 -
Ms. Dhir is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Katanga Mining Limited
| Director | March 2004 | November 2004 |
Vice President, Corporate Development | January 2006
| Present
|
Andina Minerals Inc. | Officer | January 2006 | November 2006 |
ROBERT DICKINSON, B.Sc., M.Sc. – Co-Chairman of the Board and Director
Robert Dickinson is an economic geologist who serves as a member of management of several mineral exploration companies, primarily those for whom Hunter Dickinson Inc. provides services. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree (Hons. Geology) and a Master of Science degree (Business Administration - -Finance) from the University of British Columbia. Mr. Dickinson has also been active in mineral exploration over 40 years. He is a director of Hunter Dickinson Inc. He is also President and Director of United Mineral Services Ltd., a private investment company.
Mr. Dickinson is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Amarc Resources Ltd.
| Director | April 1993 | Present |
Co-Chairman | September 2000 | April 2004 |
Chairman | April 2004 | Present |
Anooraq Resources Corporation
| Director | November 1990 | September 2004 |
Director | October 2004 | Present |
Chairman | April 2004 | September 2004 |
Co-Chairman | October 2004 | Present |
Continental Minerals Corporation
| Director | June 2004 | Present |
Chairman | June 2004 | January 2006 |
Co-Chairman | January 2006 | December 2006 |
Detour Gold Corporation | Director | August 2006 | Present |
Farallon Resources Ltd.
| Director | July 1991 | April 2007 |
Chairman | April 2004 | September 2004 |
Co-Chairman | September 2004 | April 2006 |
Great Basin Gold Ltd.
| Director | May 1986 | November 2006 |
Co-Chairman | September 2000 | April 2004 |
Chairman | April 2004 | December 2005 |
Co-Chairman | December 2005 | November 2006 |
Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd.
| Director | June 1994 | Present |
Co-Chairman | November 2001 | April 2004 |
Chairman | April 2004 | Present |
- 70 -
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Rockwell Diamonds Inc.
| Director | November 2000 | September 2006 |
Chairman | November 2000 | September 2006 |
Taseko Mines Limited
| Director | January 1991 | Present |
Chairman | April 2004 | July 2005 |
Co-Chairman | July 2005 | May 2006 |
DAVID ELLIOTT, B.Comm., ICD.D., FCA – Director
David Elliott graduated from the University of British Columbia with a Bachelor of Commerce degree and then acquired a Chartered Accountant designation. In 2006, he became a certified director with the Institute of Corporate Directors. Mr. Elliott joined BC Sugar Company in 1976, working in a number of senior positions before becoming President and Chief Operating Officer of the operating subsidiary, Rogers Sugar. In 1997, he joined Lantic Sugar in Toronto as Executive Vice President. He also served as Chairman of the Canadian Sugar Institute. He became President and Chief Operating Officer of the International Group based in St Louis, Missouri in 1999, a company involved with food distribution as well as manufacturing and distribution of pet and animal feed. For several years, he worked with companies developing e-mail and data management services. Currently, Mr. Elliott is a director and Audit Committee chairman of Anooraq Resources Corporation, Great Basin Gold Ltd., Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. and Taseko Mines Limited.
Mr. Elliott is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | April 2005 | Present |
Great Basin Gold Ltd. | Director | July 2004 | Present |
Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. | Director | July 2004 | Present |
StorageFlow Systems Corp.
| Director | May 2002 | June 2004 |
President & COO | May 2002 | June 2003 |
Taseko Mines Limited | Director | July 2004 | Present |
IEMRAHN HASSEN, CA – Chief Financial Officer and Director
Iemrahn Hassen has 33 years of experience in the service, manufacturing and mining sectors. He received his Chartered Accountant designation in 1991. For the two years prior to joining Anooraq, he worked as a financial consultant in the mining industry for Mintek and Gold Fields Limited. Prior to that, he was the CFO for Mobile Telephone Networks in South Africa for two years, spent three years as the Senior Manager of Finance of Gold Fields Limited, and spent one and a half years with the accounting firm Deloitte and Touche. From October 1974 to January 1999, he worked for several companies in the service and manufacturing sectors, rising from Group Accountant in the early 1980s to roles of Business Development Manager and Financial Manager for Samancor Limited in June 1997. Mr. Hassen commenced his role as Chief Financial Officer for Anooraq on June 1, 2007.
- 71 -
WAYNE KIRK, BA, LLB – Director
Wayne Kirk is a retired California State Attorney and Professional Consultant. With over 35 year’s professional experience, Mr. Kirk also has over 9 years senior executive experience in the mining industry.
Mr. Kirk is a citizen of the United States and is a resident of California. A University of California (Berkeley) and a Harvard Law School graduate, Mr. Kirk received his law degree in 1968. From 1992 to 2001 Mr. Kirk was the Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Homestake Mining Company. Prior to his retirement in June 2004 he spent two years as Special Counsel for the law firm, Thelen Reid & Priest, in San Francisco.
Mr. Kirk is, or was within the past five years, a director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | July 2005 | Present |
Great Basin Gold Ltd. | Director | July 2004 | Present |
Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. | Director | July 2004 | Present |
Taseko Mines Limited | Director | July 2004 | Present |
Garbriel Resources Ltd. | Director | June 2008 | Present |
POPO MOLEFE, PhD. – Co-Chairman of the Board and Director
Dr. Molefe is a South African citizen. He completed his second successful term as the Premier of the Northwest Province in April 2004. He was awarded the Harvard University Certificate in Conflict Resolution and has diplomas in leadership from the Wharton School of Business and the Harvard Kennedy School, the John F. Kennedy School of Government. Over the last ten years, Dr. Molefe has been instrumental in facilitating the development of businesses in the North West Province, particularly in the mining and tourism sector. He, therefore, brings a depth of leadership experience to Anooraq.
Dr. Molefe is, or was within the past five years, a director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | September 2004 | Present |
Eqstra Holdings Limited | Director | March 2008 | Present |
Imperial Holdings Limited | Director | June 2005 | Present |
Armaments Corporation of South Africa Limited | Chairman
| October 2004
| Present
|
Simeka Business Solutions Group Limited (formerly Xantium Technology Holdings) | Director
| July 2004
| Present
|
- 72 -
HAROLD MOTAUNG, BSc, MBA – Director and Chief Operating Officer
Harold Motaung was employed at the Free State and Vaal River operations of Anglo American Corporation of South Africa Limited for six years as a mining engineer and as a production supervisor. Mr. Motaung then moved to the DME as a director within the Mine Inspectorate. As a Deputy Chief Inspector, he was responsible for implementing the Mine, Health and Safety Act. Subsequently he was appointed Chief Director within the Mine Inspectorate. His portfolio included the gold, platinum and coal operations of South Africa.
In Mr. Motaung’s capacity as a Chief Director of the Mine Inspectorate, he was appointed on numerous boards of government–associated institutions including the National Nuclear Reactor, the Deep Mining Board and the Mining Qualifications Authority. Mr. Motaung also chaired the Mines Research Board, which administered a mining safety fund. He also represented the South African government in a number of international and bi-national engagements with foreign countries, and was a member of the DME executive team responsible for the briefs and presentations at the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on the status of minerals and energy within the country, which culminated in the enactment of the MPRD Act. Mr. Motaung left the DME to establish a mining and geological consultancy, African Minerals Professionals (Pty) Ltd. Mr. Motaung has been a director of Anooraq since September 2004 and is not a director of any other public companies.
TUMELO MOTSISI, BA, LLM, MBA – Director and Acting President and Chief Executive Officer
Tumelo Motsisi is a prominent South African businessperson with experience in the South African financial services, mining and energy sectors. Between 1994 and 1998 he was employed first as a senior manager and then as a director within the negotiated benefits division of the sizeable South African financial services company, Alexander Forbes Limited.
In 1998 he established Kopano Ke Matla Investment Company, the investment arm of South Africa’s largest trade union federation, the Congress of South African Trade Unions. He was subsequently appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of Kopano Ke Matla. Mr. Motsisi recently resigned his position as Executive Chairperson of Prosperity Holdings, a financial services company established between Kopano Ke Matla, NBC Financial Services and Peregrine Holdings, in order to pursue his interests in the mining and energy sectors. Mr. Motsisi is a member and director of several South African private companies. Mr. Motsisi has been a director of Anooraq since September 2004 and is not a director of any other public companies.
SIPHO NKOSI, B.Comm, MBA – Director
Mr. Nkosi is South African and holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the University of South Africa and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Massachusetts in the eastern United States. He has an extensive background in the mining and power industries. He was a founder and Chief Executive Officer of Eyesizwe Coal (Pty) Ltd (“Eyesizwe”), one of the country’s largest coal producers. Eyesizwe’s assets were part of the empowerment transaction, which involved the unbundling of the iron ore assets of Kumba Resources Limited (“Kumba”) and the relisting of Kumba as Exxaro Resources Limited (“Exxaro”). Mr. Nkosi is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Exxaro. Prior to founding Eyesizwe in 2001, Mr. Nkosi spent three years with Asea Brown Boveri Sub Sahara Africa (Pty) Ltd and Alstom SA (Pty) Ltd, initially as Managing Director of ABB Power Generation (SA), and then as Country Manager of ABB/Alstom Power until December 2000. From 1993 to 1997, he was Marketing Manager for Billiton Ltd., an international mining company.
- 73 -
Mr. Nkosi is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | November 2004 | Present |
Exxaro Resources Limited
| Director | November 2006 | August 2007 |
Chief Executive Officer | September 2007
| Present
|
Great Basin Gold Ltd. | Director | August 2003 | Present |
Sanlam Limited | Director | March 2006 | Present |
RIZELLE SAMPSON, H. Dip Education – Director
Ms. Sampson is a South African citizen and holds a Certificate in Telecommunications Policy, Regulation and Management from the University of Witwatersrand and a Higher Diploma in Education from the University of the Western Cape.
Ms. Sampson has previously held the positions of Portfolio Administrator (Institutional Clients) at Investec Asset Managers, Chief of Staff at the Ministry of Communications and Manager (Office of the CEO) at Sentech Ltd. She is a co-founder and executive director of African Footprint Investment Holdings (Pty) Ltd (“AFIH”), an investment holding company that is black women owned and managed. Ms. Sampson represents AFIH on the boards of Tellumat (Pty) Ltd, BD Sarens (Pty) Ltd. She is also a director of Independent Power Southern Africa, a JSE and AIM listed power generation company and a member of the Sentech Educational Fund Advisory Board and is the chairperson of the National Electronic Institute of South Africa. Ms. Sampson has been a director of Anooraq since September 2004.
Ms. Sampson is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | September 2004 | Present |
IPSA Group PLC | Director | January 2008 | Present |
RONALD THIESSEN, CA – Director
Ronald Thiessen is a Chartered Accountant with professional experience in finance, taxation, mergers, acquisitions and re-organizations. Since 1986, Mr. Thiessen has been involved in the acquisition and financing of mining and mineral exploration companies. Mr. Thiessen is employed by Hunter Dickinson Inc., a company providing management and administrative services to several publicly-traded companies and focuses on directing corporate development and financing activities. He is also a director of Hunter Dickinson Inc.
- 74 -
Mr. Thiessen is, or was within the past five years, an officer and/or director of the following public companies:
Company | Positions Held | From | To |
Amarc Resources Ltd. | Director | September 1995 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | September 2000 | Present |
Anooraq Resources Corporation | Director | April 1996 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | September 2000 | August 2007 |
Continental Minerals Corporation | Director | November 1995 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | September 2000 | January 2006 |
Co-Chairman | January 2006 | Present |
Detour Gold Corporation | Director and Chairman | July 2006 | Present |
Farallon Resources Ltd. | Director | August 1994 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | December 1999 | September 2004 |
Co-Chairman | September 2004 | December 2005 |
Chairman | December 2005 | Present |
Great Basin Gold Ltd. | Director | October 1993 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | September 2000 | December 2005 |
Co-Chairman | December 2005 | November 2006 |
Chairman | November 2006 | Present |
Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. | Director | November 1995 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | November 2001 | Present |
Rockwell Diamonds Inc. | Director | November 2000 | September, 2007 |
President and Chief Executive Officer | November 2000 | September 2006 |
Chairman | September 2006 | September, 2007 |
Taseko Mines Limited | Director | October 1993 | Present |
President and Chief Executive Officer | September 2000 | July 2005 |
Co-Chairman | July 2005 | May 2006 |
Chairman | May 2006 | Present |
Tri-Gold Resources Corp. | Director | July 1992 | March 2006 |
As used in this Annual Report, “Named Executive Officer” means each person who acted as the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer during the most recently completed financial year and
- 75 -
each of the three most highly compensated executive officers, other than the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who were serving as executive officers at the end of the most recently completed fiscal year and whose total salary and bonus exceeds $150,000, as well as any additional individuals for whom disclosure would have been provided except that the individual was not serving as an officer of the Company at the end of the most recently completed financial year end.
During Anooraq’s financial year ended December 31, 2007, the aggregate cash compensation paid or payable by Anooraq or its consolidated subsidiaries to its directors and executive officers was $1,476,297.
The following table provides a summary of compensation earned by Named Executive Officers during each of the last three financial years:
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position |
Year | Annual Compensation | Long-Term Compensation |
All Other Compensation ($) |
Awards | Payouts |
Salary ($) |
Bonus (S) |
Other Annual Compensation ($) |
Securities Under Options /SARSGranted (3) | Shares or Units Subject to Resale Restrictions ($) |
LTIP Payouts ($) |
Ronald Thiessen(1) Former President and Chief Executive Officer | 2007 | 29,651 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 55,070 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 98,473 | Nil | Nil | 120, 000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Tumelo Motsisi(2) Acting President and Chief Executive Officer | 2007 | 334,000 | Nil | Nil | 975,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 235,000 | 80,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 235,000 | 80,000 | NIL | 525,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Jeffrey Mason(3) Former Secretary and Chief Financial Officer | 2007 | 21,868 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 44,342 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 61,840 | Nil | Nil | 120,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Harold Motaung Chief Operating Officer
| 2007 | 275,000 | Nil | Nil | 535,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 225,000 | 35,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 225,000 | 35,000 | Nil | 525,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Phumzile Langeni(4) VP Investor Relations
| 2007 | 97,500 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 195,000 | 25,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 195,000 | 25,000 | Nil | 250,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Iemrahn Hassen, Chief Financial Officer | 2007
| 128,333
| Nil
| Nil
| 126,000
| Nil
| Nil
| Nil
|
Nicholas James(5) Managing Director Operations | 2007
| 51,895
| Nil
| Nil
| 250,000
| Nil
| Nil
| Nil
|
Joel Kesler Corporate Finance & Business Development | 2007 | 243,000 | Nil | Nil | 475,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2006 | 205,000 | 25,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
2005 | 205,000 | 25,000 | Nil | 525,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Notes: |
(1) | Mr. Thiessen resigned as President and Chief Executive Officer in August 2007. |
(2) | Mr. Motsisi, formerly Deputy Chief Executive Officer, became Acting President and Chief Executive Officer upon Mr. Thiessen’s resignation in August 2007. |
(3) | Mr. Mason resigned his duties as Chief Financial Officer on June 1, 2007 and Mr. Iemrahn Hassen assumed the duties of Chief Financial Officer commencing June 1, 2007 at a compensation of $220,000 per annum. |
(4) | Ms. Langeni resigned as a director and officer on May 23, 2007. |
(5) | Mr. Nicholas James was appointed as Managing Director-Operations on October 2, 2007 |
- 76 -
Each director of the Company who is an independent director (namely Messrs. Kirk, Elliott, Molefe, Nkosi and Sampson) is paid an annual director’s fee of $35,000 plus an additional fee of $5,000 for the Audit Committee Chairperson and $3,000 for other Committee Chairpersons. Executive officers do not receive additional compensation for serving as directors.
Long-Term Incentive Plans Awards
A long term incentive plan ("LTIP") is "a plan providing compensation intended to motivate performance over a period greater than one financial year" and does not include option or stock appreciation rights ("SARs") plans or plans for compensation through shares or units that are subject to restrictions on resale. The Company did not award any LTIPs to any Named Executive Officer, or any other officer or director of the Company, during the most recently completed financial year.
Stock Options and SARs
As used in this Annual Report, "options" includes all options, share purchase warrants and rights granted by the Company or its subsidiaries as compensation for employment services or offices. An extension of an option or replacement grant is a grant of a new option. Also, options include any grants made to a Named Executive Officer, or any other officer or director of the Company, by a third party or a non-subsidiary affiliate of the Company in respect of services to the Company or a subsidiary of the Company. The Company's Stock Option Plan provides that options may be granted to certain persons providing services to the Company, including directors, officers and employees. For additional details concerning the Company's Stock Option Plan see Item 6E – "Share Ownership", below.
A stock appreciation right (“SAR”) is a right to receive a payment of cash or an issue or transfer of shares based wholly or in part on changes in the trading price of the Common Shares. The Company did not have a SARs plan during the most recently completed financial year.
Share options totaling 2,361,000 were granted and none were exercised by the Named Executive Officers during the financial year ended December 31, 2007.
Aggregate Option/SAR Exercises during the Most Recently Completed Financial Year and Financial Year-End Option/SAR Values
NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
|
Securities Acquired on Exercise (#) |
Aggregate Value Realized ($) | Unexercised Options/SARs at FY-End (#)
Exercisable/ Unexercisable | Value of Unexercised in-the- Money Options/SARs at FY-End ($) Exercisable/ Unexercisable (3) |
Ronald Thiessen | Nil | Nil | 120,000 / 0 | $168,000 / 0 |
Tumelo Motsisi | Nil | Nil | 1,500,000 / 0 | $3,630,750 / 0 |
Jeffrey Mason (1) | Nil | Nil | 120,000 / 0 | $168,000 / 0 |
Harold Motaung | Nil | Nil | 1,060,000/0 | $2,323,950/0 |
Phumzile Langeni (2) | Nil | Nil | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
Iemrahn Hassen | Nil | Nil | 126,000/0 | $412,020/0 |
Nicholas James | Nil | Nil | 125,000/125,000 | $408,750/$408,750 |
Joel Kesler | Nil | Nil | 1,000,000 / 0 | $2,145,750 / 0 |
Notes: |
(1) | Mr. Mason resigned as Chief Financial Officer on June 1, 2007. |
(2) | Ms. Langeni resigned as a director and officer on May 23, 2007. |
(3) | Option prices multiplied by number of shares. |
- 77 -
No share options were re-priced on behalf of the Named Executive Officers during the financial year ended December 31, 2007. The December 31, 2007 closing price of the Common Shares as quoted on the TSX-V was $4.49, on AMEX was USD $4.47 and on the JSE was ZAR32.90.
Pension Plans
There is no defined benefit or actuarial plan in place.
Termination of Employment, Change in Responsibilities and Employment Contracts
There are written employment contracts for Mr. I. Hassen, the CFO of the Company, and Mr. N. James, Vice President – Mining Operations. There are no written employment contracts between the Company and any other Named Executive Officer.
It is not expected that there will be any written contracts between the Company and any directors which are appointed to the Board.
There are no compensatory plans or arrangements with the Named Executive Officers that entitle a Named Executive Officer to receive more than $100,000 from the Company as a result of the resignation, retirement or any other termination of employment of the Named Executive Officers’ employment, a change in control of the Company or its subsidiaries or a change of the Named Executive Officers’ responsibilities following a change in control.
Other
Other than the foregoing, the aggregate value of other compensation (including benefits) paid by the Company and its subsidiaries to directors and officers of the Company did not exceed the lesser of $10,000 times the number of directors and officers and 10% of the cash compensation paid to executive officers during the financial period ended December 31, 2007.
All directors were re-elected at the June 20, 2007 annual general meeting and all directors have a term of office expiring at the next annual general meeting of Anooraq, to be held in June 2008. All officers have a term of office lasting until their removal or replacement by the Board of Directors. For details of the period during which such directors and officers of the Company have served as such, see Item 6A –"Directors and Senior Management", above.
There are no arrangements under which directors were compensated by Anooraq and its subsidiaries during the financial year ended December 31, 2007 for their services in their capacity as directors and consultants except as herein disclosed. For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2007, Anooraq compensated its directors directly and indirectly for services by paying them an aggregate of $1,124,412.
The Audit Committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Elliott, Kirk and Molefe, all of whom is independent and unrelated directors. The audit committee is elected by the directors of Anooraq. Its primary function is to review the financial statements of the Company before they are submitted to the board for approval. The audit committee exercises all board power with respect to appointment and compensation of the Company’s auditors and assist the board as required, internal financial controls, and financial information for publication for various purposes.
- 78 -
The Compensation Committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Thiessen and Motsisi, neither of whom are independent. The function of this committee is to assist the Board of Directors in fulfilling its responsibilities relating to the compensation practices of the executive officers of the Company. Specifically, this Committee has been empowered to evaluate the performance of the executive officers of the Company and to recommend to the Board of Directors the compensation level of the executive officers; to conduct such surveys and studies as the Committee deems appropriate to determine competitive salary levels; to review the strategic objectives of the stock option and other stock-based compensation plans of the Company; to administer the stock option plan and to consider any other matters which, in the Committee’s judgment, should be taken into account in reaching the recommendation to the Board of Directors concerning the compensation levels of the Company’s executive officers.
At June 25, 2008, Anooraq had no direct employees in Canada. There were 11 employees in South Africa. Anooraq's administrative and exploration functions are primarily administered through HDSI. (seeItem 7B). Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. currently has approximately 130 employees.
- 79 -
Security Holdings of Insiders who are Management and Directors (as at June 25, 2008)
Name, position with the Company and province or state and country of residence | Period(s)asa Directorofthe Company | Common Shares beneficially owned, controlledor directed | Percentage of outstanding Common Shares |
Scott COUSENS Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since September 1996 | 895,400(7) (directly and indirectly held) | 0.4% |
Anu DHIR Non-Executive Director London, England | Since May 29, 2008 | Nil | — |
Robert DICKINSON Non-Executive Director and Co-Chairman British Columbia, Canada | (November 1990 – September 2004) Since October 2004 | 500,000(1)(7) (directly held) | 0.3% |
David ELLIOTT(4)(6) Non-Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since April 2005 | Nil(8) | — |
Iemrahn HASSEN Executive Director and Chief Financial Officer Gauteng, South Africa | Since May 9, 2008 | Nil(9) | — |
Wayne KIRK(4)(6) Non-Executive Director California, United States | Since July 2005 | Nil(10) | — |
Popo MOLEFE(4)(6) Non-Executive Director and Co-Chairman North West Province, South Africa | Since September 2004 | Nil(11) | — |
Harold MOTAUNG Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004 | 8,235,500(2)(12) (indirectly held) | 4.4% |
Tumelo MOTSISI(5) Acting President, Chief Executive Officer, and Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004 | 14,118,001(3)(13) (indirectly held) | 7.6% |
Sipho NKOSI Non-Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since November 2004 | Nil(14) | — |
Rizelle SAMPSON Non-Executive Director Gauteng, South Africa | Since September 2004 | Nil(15) | — |
Ronald THIESSEN(5) Executive Director British Columbia, Canada | Since April 1996 | 620,923(7) (directly held) | 0.3% |
- 80 -
Notes:
(1) | Certain of these Common Shares are held in the name of United Mineral Services Ltd., a private company controlled by Mr. Dickinson. |
(2) | Indirect holdings being 70 of the 1,000 ordinary shares in the issued and outstanding share capital of Pelawan Investments (Proprietary) Limited, multiplied by the number of Common Shares (117,650,010) held by the Pelawan Trust. |
(3) | Indirect holdings being 120 of the 1,000 ordinary shares in the issued and outstanding share capital of Pelawan Investments (Proprietary) Limited, multiplied by the number of Common Shares (117,650,010) held by the Pelawan Trust. |
(4) | Member of the Audit Committee. |
(5) | Member of Compensation Committee. |
(6) | Member of Nominating and Governance Committee. |
(7) | Mr. Cousens, Mr. Dickinson and Mr. Thiessen hold options to purchase 120,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010. |
(8) | Mr. Elliott holds options to purchase 120,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 240,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(9) | Mr. Hassen holds options to purchase 126,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $3.27 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(10) | Mr. Kirk holds options to purchase 360,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(11) | Mr. Molefe holds options to purchase 200,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 440,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(12) | Mr. Motaung holds options to purchase 525,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 535,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(13) | Mr. Motsisi holds options to purchase 525,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 975,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(14) | Mr. Nkosi holds options to purchase 100,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 240,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
(15) | Ms. Sampson holds options to purchase 100,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $1.40 per share expiring on December 17, 2010 and 240,000 Common Shares at $2.97 per share expiring on October 15, 2012. |
| |
| On December 20, 2007, the Pelawan Trust exercised the warrants by depositing an escrowed amount equal to the aggregate exercise price (CAD 225 million or ZAR 1,586 billion) into an interest bearing account with Rand Merchant Bank (“RMB”), to be released pursuant to a deposit account agreement between RMB, Pelawan and Anooraq upon the satisfaction of certain release conditions. The Anooraq common shares underlying the warrants will be issued to the Pelawan Trust upon receipt by Anooraq of the exercise price per common share, plus the interest accrued thereon up to the date of receipt. |
As at June 25, 2008 the directors and officers of Anooraq and their affiliate, as a group, beneficially own directly or indirectly, or exercise control or direction over an aggregate of [including 117.7m held in trust] 142,019,834 common shares (approximately 76.7% of all outstanding shares) and held options to acquire an additional 2,650,000 common shares. The common shares underlying the BEE Warrants will be issued to the Pelawan Trust upon receipt by Anooraq of the exercise price per common share, plus the interest accrued thereon up to the date of receipt. To the knowledge of the directors and officers of Anooraq, as at such date, there were no persons exclusive of the directors and officers, their affiliates and the Pelawan Trust, holding more than 10% of the issued common shares.
The only equity compensation plan which the Company has in place is the share option plan (the "2005 Plan") which was previously approved by shareholders on June 17, 2005. The 2005 Plan has been established to provide incentive to qualified parties to increase their proprietary interest in the Company and thereby encourage their continuing association with the Company. The Plan is administered by the
- 81 -
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Plan provides that options will be issued to directors, officers, employees or consultants of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company. The shareholders have approved the issuance of a maximum of 18,300,000 Common Shares under the Plan. All options typically expire five years after the date of grant of such option.
Eligible Optionees
Under TSX Venture Exchange (“TSXV”) policies, to be eligible for the issuance of a stock option under the Stock Option Plan, an Optionee must either be an employee, director, officer, consultant or an employee of a company providing management or other services to the Company or its subsidiary at the time the option is granted.
Options may be granted only to an individual or to a company that is wholly owned by individuals eligible for an option grant. If the option is granted to a company, the company must provide TSXV with an undertaking that it will not permit any transfer of its shares, nor issue further shares, to any other individual or entity as long as the stock option remains in effect without the consent of TSXV.
Material Terms of the Plan
The following is a summary of the material terms of the Stock Option Plan:
| a) | all options granted under the Stock Option Plan are non-assignable and non-transferable; |
| b) | for stock options granted to employees or service providers (inclusive of management company employees), the Company is required to represent that the proposed Optionee is a bona fide employee or service provider (inclusive of a management company employee), as the case may be, of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries; |
| c) | an option has a maximum term of up to ten years and terminates 30 days following the termination of the optionee’s employment or other relationship with the Company, except in the case of retirement or death. In the case of retirement, it terminates 30 to 90 days, at management’s discretion, following retirement. In the case of death, it terminates at the earlier of one year after the event or the expiry of the option. Vesting of options is at the discretion of the Compensation Committee at the time the options are granted; and |
| d) | the minimum exercise price of an option granted under the Stock Option Plan must not be less than the closing price for shares of the Company as traded on the TSXV on the last trading day before the date that the option is granted less allowable discounts as permitted by TSXV (depending on the price at the time of grant). |
The following table sets out equity compensation plan information as at the end of the financial year ended December 31, 2007.
- 82 -
| Numberof securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights |
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
Plan Category | (a) | (b) | (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders - (the Share Plan) | 7,695,000
| 2.43
| 4,770,000
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | _
| _
| _
|
Total | 7,695,000 | 2.43 | 4,770,000 |
As at June 25, 2008, an aggregate of 7,670,000 common shares of the Company have been reserved for issuance pursuant to the following employee, director, executive officer and service provider stock options:
| | | | | | | | Exercise | | | Number | |
Option holder Status | | Date of Grant | | | Expiry Date | | | Price | | | of Shares | |
Directors and Officers of the | | May 2, 2005 | | | December 17, 2010 | | $ | 1.40 | | | 1,930,000 | |
Company and its | | October 15, 2007 | | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 2.97 | | | 3,030,000 | |
Subsidiaries | | October 15, 2007 | | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 3.27 | | | 126,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Employees and Consultants | | May 2, 2005 | | | December 17, 2010 | | $ | 1.40 | | | 765,000 | |
| | October 15, 2007 | | | July 1, 2010 | | $ | 2.97 | | | 119,000 | |
| | October 15, 2007 | | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 2.97 | | | 1,450,000 | |
| | October 15, 2007 | | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 3.27 | | | 250,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | 7,670,000 | |
In the 12 month financial year ended December 31, 2007, 988,200 options were exercised.
- 83 -
| |
ITEM 7 | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Anooraq's securities are recorded on the books of its transfer agent in registered form, however, the majority of such shares are registered in the name of intermediaries such as brokerage houses and clearing houses on behalf of their respective brokerage clients, and Anooraq does not have knowledge of or access to information about of the beneficial owners thereof. To the best of its knowledge, Anooraq is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by a foreign government. On May 21, 2004, shareholders of the Company approved an increase in the authorized share capital from 200,000,000 common shares without par value to an unlimited number of common shares without par value.
Under the British ColumbiaSecurities Actinsiders (generally officers, directors, and holders of 10% or more of Anooraq's shares) are required to file insider reports of changes in their ownership within ten days of a trade in Anooraq's securities. Copies of such reports are available for public inspection at the offices of the British Columbia Securities Commission, 9th Floor, 701 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1L2 (phone (604) 899-6500) or at Canadian Securities Administrators website for Insiders' Disclosure, www.sedi.ca.
As at June 25, 2008, to the knowledge of the directors and executive officers of Anooraq, the only persons who beneficially own, directly or indirectly, or control or direct, five percent (5%) or more of the issued and outstanding Anooraq Shares are as follows:
Shareholder Name and Address |
Number of Shares Held | Percentage of Issued Common Shares |
The Pelawan Trust, as Trustee(1) Pelawan Investments (Proprietary) Limited, as Beneficiary 4th Floor, 82 Grayston Drive Sandton, South Africa | 117,650,010 | 63.5% |
Mr Tumelo M. Motsisi(2) 4th Floor, 82 Grayston Drive Sandton, South Africa
| 14,118,001 (Part of the 117,650,010 shown above, see note 2 below) | 7.6% |
The Canadian Depository for Securities Limited ("CDS")(3) 25 The Esplanade PO Box 1038 Stn A Toronto, ON M5W 1G5 | 53,461,996 | 28.9%
|
(1) | These shares are registered in the name of Pelawan Trust, which holds such shares in trust for Pelawan pursuant to escrow arrangements described in "The Acquisition – Description of Lockup Arrangements for Consideration Shares" in the August 2004 Circular (available at the British Columbia Securities Commission or at the website www.sedi.ca as described above. |
| |
(2) | Indirect holdings being 120 of the 1,000 ordinary shares in the issued and outstanding share capital of Pelawan, multiplied by the number of common shares of Anooraq (117,650,010) held by the Pelawan Trust. |
| |
(3) | CDS is a clearing house for brokerage firms whose clients beneficially own the shares. Management of the Company is unaware of the beneficial ownership of the shares registered in the name of CDS although these figures may include shares of management held in brokerage houses. |
- 84 -
As noted in the table above, the Company is indirectly controlled by Pelawan as a result of the Pelawan transaction (see Item 4A2 – "Summary Corporate History and Intercorporate Relationships", above).
The information in the table above was supplied by Computershare Trust Company of Canada, the Company's registrar and transfer agent, and by the individuals themselves.
As of June 25, 2008, the number of registered shareholders of record (and the number and percentage of shares held by such shareholders) is as follows:
| | Number of registered | | | | | | | |
| | shareholders of | | | Number of | | | Percentage of | |
Location | | record | | | shares | | | total shares | |
Canada | | 37 | | | 54,076,663 | | | 29.2% | |
United States | | 35 | | | 3,987,005 | | | 2.2% | |
Other | | 4 | | | 127,166,339 | | | 68.6% | |
| | 76 | | | 185,230,007 | | | | |
Shares registered in intermediaries are assumed to be held by residents of the same country in which the clearing house is located.
B. | Related Party Transactions |
To the knowledge of management of the Company, no informed person (a director, officer or holder of 10% or more of the Common Shares) or nominee for election as a director of the Company or any associate or affiliate of any informed person or proposed director had any interest in any transaction which has materially affected or would materially affect the Company or any of its subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2007, or has any interest in any material transaction in the current year other than as set out herein.
Pelawan Settlement Agreement
In December 2006, the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement with Pelawan to waive the deemed dilutive financing contemplated in the 2004 Pelawan RTO Share Exchange Agreement between the Company and Pelawan, as described more fully in paragraph A.2. of Item 4 above.
Pelawan Amending Agreement
In connection with the exercise of the BEE Warrants by the Pelawan Trust, the Company entered into the Amending Agreement with Pelawan to amend the exercise procedure of the BEE Warrants, as described more fully in paragraph A.2. of Item 4 above.
Amendments to current Anooraq-Pelawan control structure
Certain amendments (“the Amendments”) are being proposed to the current shareholding arrangements between the Company and Pelawan. The Amendments are required in order to harmonize the restrictions in the various agreements between Pelawan and Anooraq with those in the Holdco Shareholders Agreement and to allow for the completion and implementation of the Lebowa Transaction. The Amendments are subject to the approval of the shareholders of Anooraq.
- 85 -
Other related party transactions
| | | | | | Year ended | | | Year ended | | | Year ended | |
| | | Note | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | |
| Services rendered by | | ref | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. | | (a) | | $ | 798,330 | | $ | 1,023,633 | | $ | 1,297,159 | |
| Hunter Dickinson Group Inc. | | (b) | | | – | | | – | | | 9,600 | |
| Pelawan Investments (Proprietary) Limited | | (c) | | | – | | | – | | | 658,035 | |
| CEC Engineering Ltd. | | (d) | | | 26,589 | | | 127,781 | | | 166,662 | |
| | | | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | | |
| Related party balances receivable | | | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | | |
| Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. | | (a) | | $ | – | | $ | 98,820 | | | | |
| Southgold Exploration (Proprietary) Limited | | (e) | | | – | | | 39,796 | | | | |
| Receivable from related parties | | | | $ | – | | $ | 138,616 | | | | |
| Related party balances payable | | | | | December 31 | | | December 31 | | | | |
| (included in accounts payable) | | | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | | |
| Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. | | (a) | | $ | 44,042 | | $ | – | | | | |
| CEC Engineering Ltd. | | (d) | | | 1,567 | | | 6,435 | | | | |
| | | | | $ | 45,609 | | $ | 6,435 | | | | |
(a) | Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. ("HDSI") is a private company owned equally by eight public companies, one of which is Anooraq. HDSI and its wholly owned subsidiaries, including Tecnicos HD de Mexico SA de CV and Servicios HD de Mexico SA de CV have certain directors in common with the Company, and provide geological, corporate development, administrative and management services to, and incur third party costs on behalf of, the Company on a full cost recovery basis pursuant to an agreement dated December 31, 1996. The balances receivable from (payable to) HDSI and its subsidiaries have resulted from advances against future work, services, or cost reimbursements, or from HDSI providing periodic short-term working capital advances to the Company. |
| |
(b) | Hunter Dickinson Group Inc. ("HDGI") was a private company with certain directors in common with the Company that provided consulting services to, and incurred costs on behalf of, the Company, at market rates. |
| |
(c) | Pelawan is a significant shareholder of the Company and has certain directors in common with the Company. Pelawan became a majority shareholder on September 29, 2004. During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, the Company paid $nil (year ended December 31, 2005 – $658,035) for technical, corporate development, administrative and management services provided to, and repayment of costs paid on behalf of, the Company. Pelawan's employees and consultants were transferred to Plateau, a subsidiary of the Company, as of July 1, 2005 and are charging their time and services directly to Plateau. |
| |
(d) | During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company paid or accrued $26,589 (year ended December 31, 2006 – $127,781) to CEC Engineering Ltd, a private company owned by a former director, for engineering and project management services at market rates. |
| |
(e) | Southgold Exploration (Proprietary) Limited ("Southgold") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Great Basin Gold Ltd., a Canadian public company which has certain directors in common with |
- 86 -
| the Company. Southgold shares certain premises and other facilities with the Company pursuant to a cost-sharing arrangement based on a full cost recovery basis. |
| |
(f) | Micawber is a private South African corporation which is owned 50% by Anglo Platinum and 50% by the Company; hence it is a related party. The Company accounts for its investment in Micawber using the equity method. |
Directors and officers of Anooraq may from time to time serve as directors of and have interests, either directly or indirectly, in other companies involved in natural resource exploration and development. As a result, a director of Anooraq may be presented, from time to time, with situations which give rise to an apparent conflict of interest. On any conflict situation, a director may abstain from voting on resolutions of the Board of Directors that evoke such conflict in order to have the matter resolved by an independent Board, or the situation may be presented to the shareholders of Anooraq for ratification. In any event, the directors of Anooraq must, in accordance with the laws of British Columbia, act honestly and in good faith and in the best interests of Anooraq, and must exercise the care, diligence and skill of a reasonably prudent person in dealing with the affairs of Anooraq.
Ga-Phasha Project
Pursuant to the Pelawan transaction, the Company acquired Pelawan's rights to its 50% participation interest in the Ga-Phasha Project (see Item 4A2 – "Summary of Corporate History and Intercorporate Relationships", above).
Harold Motaung, a director of the Company, has a 7% aggregated indirect interest in Pelawan's shareholding in the Company. Tumelo Motsisi, also a director of the Company, has an aggregated 12% indirect interest in Pelawan's shareholding in the Company.
Management Contracts
The Company has ten employees, the majority of whom work in Johannesburg. The Company receives many of its management services from HDSI.
HDSI provides management services to Anooraq, pursuant to a geological and administrative services agreement dated for reference December 31, 1996. HDSI is a private company owned equally by eight publicly traded exploration and mining companies (one of which is the Company) and is managed by persons who include directors of the Company.
HDSI is a service-provider corporation which has been providing geological, engineering and administration services for 20 years to companies that are exploring, developing and producing from mineral properties. HDSI is owned by eight public resource companies, including Anooraq. The other nine public companies that own HDSI include: Amarc Resources Ltd., Continental Minerals Corporation, Farallon Resources Ltd., Taseko Mines Limited, Quartz Mountain Resources Ltd., Casamiro Resource Corporation, Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd., and Rockwell Ventures Inc. Anooraq and the other public companies listed above each own one share of HDSI.
As an umbrella organization, HDSI provides, both cost and expertise advantages to the companies through access to a shared multidisciplinary team of mining and financial professionals. This includes: management capability, geological, engineering and environmental expertise, financial acumen, and administrative and support services. In addition, HDSI organizes and shares leased premises and office and technical equipment for staff to perform their duties. As of June 25, 2008, HDSI employed or
- 87 -
retained on a substantially full-time basis, 31 geoscientists (of which 13 are professional geologists/PGeo, and two are geological engineers/PEng.), 13 licensed professional mining, mechanical or civil engineers (PEng.), 20 accountants (including 14 CAs and four CGAs) and approximately 67 administrative and support personnel.
HDSI has supervised mineral exploration projects in Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Yukon and Northwest Territories) and internationally in Alaska, Brazil, Nevada, Mexico and South Africa. HDSI allocates the cost of staff input into projects, such as the Company's projects, based on the time records of involved personnel. Costs of such personnel and third party contractors are billed to the participating public companies on a full cost recovery basis (inclusive of HDSI staff costs and overhead) for amounts which are considered by the Company management to be at a cost that is competitive with arm’s-length suppliers.
The shares of HDSI are owned by each of the participating public corporations (including the Company) for as long as HDSI’s services are being retained by such participating company. However, a participant surrenders its single share of HDSI at the time of termination of the standard form of services agreement. The agreement can be cancelled on 30 days’ notice. HDSI is managed by certain current and former directors of the Company, who are generally the controlling directors of the other corporate participants in the arrangements with HDSI.
C. | Interests of Experts and Counsel |
Not applicable.
- 88 -
| |
ITEM 8 | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
A. | Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information |
See Item 17 – "Financial Statements".
Legal Proceedings
As of December 31, 2007, there are no material legal or arbitration proceedings against Anooraq or any of its subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of Anooraq, are such proceedings pending or threatened, that may have or have had in the previous 12 months a material effect on Anooraq’s financial position, other than as disclosed herein.
Ivanhoe Nickel and Platinum Ltd. (“Ivanplats”) has the right to earn an interest in the Company’s property known as Rietfontein 2KS, by carrying out exploration in conjunction with work on its adjacent Turfspruit property. There is disagreement between the Company and Ivanplats over whether Ivanplats has fulfilled its obligations and conducted sufficient work to earn such interest. The Company and Ivanplats are currently in discussions over these matters, both outside of and within a formal arbitration process, pursuant to the terms of the earn-in agreement.
Dividend Policy
The Company has not paid any dividends on its outstanding common shares since its incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. All funds of Anooraq are being retained for exploration of its projects.
There have been no significant changes to the business of Anooraq since December 31, 2007.
- 89 -
| |
ITEM 9 | THE OFFER AND LISTING |
A. | Offer and Listing Details |
High and Low Market Prices
| | TSXV Exchange | | | | | | | | | JSE: ARQ | |
| | ARQ | | | AMEX: ANO | | | | | | | |
| | High | | | Low | | | High | | | Low | | | High | | | Low | |
| | CAD | | | CAD | | | USD | | | USD | | | ZAR | | | ZAR | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annual | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008 (to May 2008) | | 4.69 | | | 2.80 | | | 4.82 | | | 2.77 | | | 3400 | | | 2600 | |
2007 | | 5.38 | | | 2.04 | | | 5.63 | | | 2.04 | | | 3590 | | | 1570 | |
2006 | | 1.46 | | | 0.58 | | | 1.29 | | | 0.55 | | | | | | | |
2005 | | 1.57 | | | 0.74 | | | 1.35 | | | 0.64 | | | | | | | |
2004 | | 4.18 | | | 1.55 | | | 3.18 | | | 1.11 | | | | | | | |
2003 | | 2.20 | | | 0.40 | | | 1.65 | | | 0.28 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
By Quarter | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Calendar 2004 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | 4.18 | | | 1.60 | | | 3.18 | | | 1.23 | | | 3.18 | | | 1.23 | |
Second Quarter | | 3.50 | | | 1.63 | | | 2.68 | | | 1.19 | | | 2.68 | | | 1.19 | |
Third Quarter | | 2.70 | | | 1.55 | | | 2.00 | | | 1.11 | | | 2.00 | | | 1.11 | |
Fourth Quarter | | 2.04 | | | 1.55 | | | 1.68 | | | 1.19 | | | 1.68 | | | 1.19 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Calendar 2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | 1.57 | | | 1.21 | | | 1.35 | | | 1.00 | | | 1.35 | | | 1.00 | |
Second Quarter | | 1.33 | | | 0.84 | | | 1.09 | | | 0.75 | | | 1.09 | | | 0.75 | |
Third Quarter | | 1.20 | | | 0.85 | | | 0.99 | | | 0.71 | | | 0.99 | | | 0.71 | |
Fourth Quarter | | 0.97 | | | 0.74 | | | 0.83 | | | 0.64 | | | 0.83 | | | 0.64 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Calendar 2006 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | 1.46 | | | 0.83 | | | 1.27 | | | 0.72 | | | 1.27 | | | 0.72 | |
Second Quarter | | 1.46 | | | 0.81 | | | 1.29 | | | 0.73 | | | 1.29 | | | 0.73 | |
Third Quarter | | 0.94 | | | 0.62 | | | 0.85 | | | 0.56 | | | 0.85 | | | 0.56 | |
Fourth Quarter | | 1.46 | | | 0.58 | | | 1.25 | | | 0.55 | | | 1.25 | | | 0.55 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Calendar 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | 3.12 | | | 2.04 | | | 2.84 | | | 2.13 | | | 2350 | | | 2185 | |
Second Quarter | | 3.39 | | | 3.04 | | | 3.08 | | | 2.04 | | | 2250 | | | 1570 | |
Third Quarter | | 3.51 | | | 2.23 | | | 3.35 | | | 2.11 | | | 2590 | | | 1700 | |
Fourth Quarter | | 5.38 | | | 3.81 | | | 5.63 | | | 2.84 | | | 3590 | | | 2000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Monthly | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
January 2008 | | 4.69 | | | 2.80 | | | 4.82 | | | 2.77 | | | 3385 | | | 1850 | |
February 2008 | | 4.46 | | | 2.92 | | | 4.47 | | | 2.95 | | | 3400 | | | 2280 | |
March 2008 | | 4.12 | | | 3.17 | | | 4.24 | | | 3.11 | | | 3250 | | | 2600 | |
April 2008 | | 3.96 | | | 3.16 | | | 3.96 | | | 3.16 | | | 3130 | | | 2460 | |
May 2008 | | 3.84 | | | 3.04 | | | 3.90 | | | 3.01 | | | 3100 | | | 2370 | |
- 90 -
Not applicable.
Anooraq's common shares are listed and posted for trading in Canada on the TSXV under the symbol-ARQ. Anooraq's common shares have traded on the TSXV (and its predecessors, the Canadian Venture Exchange and the Vancouver Stock Exchange) since September 24, 1987. Until March 12, 2004, Anooraq's common shares traded in the United States on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board ("OTCBB") under the symbol ARQ.RF. Commencing March 15, 2004, Anooraq's common shares have traded in the United States on AMEX under the symbol ANO. Anooraq’s common shares also commenced trading on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa under the symbol ARQ in December 2006.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
- 91 -
| |
ITEM 10 | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
Not applicable for an Annual Report.
B. | Memorandum and Articles of Association |
Anooraq's Articles and Memorandum are filed with the British Columbia Registrar of Companies under Certificate of Incorporation No. 262963. A copy of the Articles and Memorandum was filed with Anooraq's initial registration on Form 20-F /A filed in March 2000.
The Company was transitioned under theBusiness Corporations Act (British Columbia) (the "BCA") on June 11, 2004, on which date the Company altered its Notice of Articles (which replace the Memorandum) to change its authorized share structure from 200,000,000 common shares without par value to an unlimited number of common shares without par value.
Objects and Purposes
Anooraq's Articles do not specify objects or purposes. Under British Columbia law, a British Columbia company has all the legal powers of a natural person. British Columbia companies may not undertake certain limited business activities (for example, operating as a trust company or railroad) without alterations to its form of articles and specific government consent.
Directors – Powers and Limitations
Anooraq's Articles do not specify a maximum number of directors but do specify that the Company shall have a minimum of three directors while the Company is a public company. The number of directors is determined annually by the shareholders at the annual general meeting of shareholders and all directors are elected at that time; there are no staggered directorships. Under the Articles the directors are entitled between successive annual general meetings to appoint one or more additional directors but not more than one-third of the number of directors fixed pursuant to the Articles and in effect at the last general meeting at which directors were elected. Directors automatically retire at each annual general meeting and such directors may be re-elected by the shareholders entitled to vote thereat.
Under the Articles, a director who is, in any way, directly or indirectly interested in a proposed contract or transaction with Anooraq or who holds any office or possesses any property whereby, directly or indirectly, a duty or interest might be created which would conflict with his duty or interest as a director shall declare the nature and extent of his interest in such contract or transaction. A director shall not vote in respect of any such contract or transaction with the Company in which he is interested and if he should vote his vote shall not be counted but he shall be counted in the quorum present at the meeting. Similarly, under the BCA directors are obligated to abstain from voting to approve a contract or transaction in which they have a disclosable interest (generally contracts or transactions in which they have a material interest) after fully disclosing such interest, otherwise they are liable to account to the company for any profits that accrue to the directors as a result of such contract or transaction. Therefore, directors must abstain in such circumstances both under the Articles and under the BCA. Directors' compensation is not a matter on which they must abstain.
- 92 -
Directors must be of the age of majority (18), and meet eligibility criteria, including not being mentally infirm, not being an undischarged bankrupt, and not having fraud related convictions in the previous five years. There is no mandatory retirement age either under Anooraq's Articles or under the BCA. Directors need not own any shares of Anooraq in order to qualify as directors.
Directors' borrowing powers are not restricted but the directors may not authorize Anooraq to make a payment to purchase or redeem its share if doing so would render it insolvent.
Rights of Common Shareholders
Dividends may be declared by the Board out of available assets and are paid rateably to holders of common shares. No dividend may be paid if Anooraq is, or would thereby become, insolvent.
Each Anooraq share is entitled to one vote on matters to which common shares ordinarily vote including the election of directors, appointment of auditors and approval of corporate changes and other matters requiring shareholder approval.
Anooraq has no redeemable securities authorized or issued.
There are no pre-emptive rights applicable to Anooraq which provide a right to any person to participate in offerings of Anooraq's securities.
All common shares of Anooraq participate rateably in any available assets in the event of a winding up or other liquidation.
Changes to Rights of Common Shareholders
Certain changes to the Articles and Notice of Articles of Anooraq require a "special resolution", being a resolution passed by not less than 75% of the shares voted in person or by proxy at a duly convened shareholders meeting. Certain corporate changes, including amalgamation with another company, sale of substantially all of Anooraq's assets, and redomiciling out of the jurisdiction of British Columbia, not only require such 75% approval but generally also give rise to a dissent right, which is the right to be paid an agreed amount for a shareholder's shares if the required special resolution is actually passed and Anooraq elects to proceed with the matter notwithstanding receipt of dissent notices. A notice of a shareholders meeting at which such an action is intended to be effected must include a statement advising of the dissent right. Dissent provisions are governed by the BCA and not by the Articles of the Company.
Shareholders Meetings
Shareholders meetings are only peripherally governed by the Articles of the Company, with most shareholder protections contained in theSecurities Act (British Columbia) and the BCA. The Articles provide that Anooraq will hold an annual general meeting once in every calendar year and not more than 13 months since the last meeting and provide for certain procedural matters and rules of order with respect to conduct of the meeting. TheSecurities Act (British Columbia) and the BCA superimpose requirements that generally provide that shareholders meetings require advance notification within prescribed times and which govern the content and timing of mailing to shareholders of information circulars and proxies, as well as other matters typically governed by securities legislation. This legislation specifies the disclosure requirements for various corporate actions, background information on the nominees for election of directors, executive compensation paid in the previous year and full details of
- 93 -
any unusual meeting matters. Generally, registered shareholders of Anooraq as of the record date set in respect of a shareholders meeting are entitled to vote at the meeting and any adjournment thereof.
No Limitation on Foreign Ownership
There are no limitations under Anooraq's Articles or in the BCA on the right of persons who are not citizens of Canada to hold or vote common shares. (See also Item 10D – "Exchange Controls", below.)
Change in Control
Anooraq has not implemented any shareholders' rights or other "poison pill" protection against possible take-overs. Anooraq does not have any agreements which are triggered by a take-over or other change of control. There are no provisions in its Articles triggered by or affected by a change in outstanding shares which gives rise to a change in control.
Share Ownership Reporting
The Articles of Anooraq do not require disclosure of share ownership. Share ownership of director nominees must be reported annually in proxy materials sent to Anooraq's shareholders. There are no requirements under British Columbia corporate law to report ownership of shares of Anooraq but theSecurities Act (British Columbia) requires disclosure of trading by insiders (including holders of 10% of voting shares) within 10 days of the trade. Controlling shareholders (generally those in excess of 20% of outstanding shares) must provide seven days advance notice of share sales.
Except for contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, the only material contracts entered into by Anooraq in the two fiscal years immediately preceding this Annual Report are the following:
(a) | the Term Loan Agreement between Rustenburg Mines Limited and Plateau Resources (Pty) Limited signed on October 31, 2006 as described under Item 4 paragaraph A.2; |
(b) | the Settlement Agreement between Pelawan, Anooraq and the Pelawan Trust, as described under Item 4 paragaraph A.2; and |
(c) | the Warrant Amendment Agreement between Anooraq and Pelewan made as of December 20, 2007. |
- 94 -
Anooraq is a corporation registered in Province of British Columbia, Canada. There is no law or governmental decree or regulation in Canada that restricts the export or import of capital, or affects the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to a non-resident holder of Common Shares, other than withholding tax requirements. Any such remittances to United States residents are generally subject to withholding tax. (See Item 10E – "Taxation", below).
There is no limitation imposed by the laws of Canada or by the charter or other constituent documents of Anooraq on the right of a non-resident to hold or vote the Common Shares, other than as provided in theInvestment Canada Act (Canada) (the "Investment Act"). The following discussion summarizes the material features of theInvestment Act for a non-resident who proposes to acquire a controlling number of Common Shares. It is general only, it is not a substitute for independent advice from an investor's own advisor, and it does not anticipate statutory or regulatory amendments. Anooraq does not believe theInvestment Act will have any effect on it or on its non-Canadian shareholders due to a number of factors, including the nature of its operations and Anooraq's relatively small capitalization.
TheInvestment Act generally prohibits implementation of a reviewable investment by an individual, government or agency thereof, corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture (each an "entity") that is not a "Canadian" as defined in theInvestment Act (a "non-Canadian"), unless after review the Director of Investments appointed by the minister responsible for theInvestment Act is satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada. The size and nature of a proposed transaction may give rise to an obligation to notify the Director to seek an advance ruling. An investment in the Common Shares by a non-Canadian other than a "WTO Investor" (as that term is defined in theInvestment Act and which term includes entities which are nationals of or are controlled by nationals of member states of the World Trade Organization) when Anooraq was not controlled by a WTO Investor, would be reviewable under theInvestment Act if it was an investment to acquire control of Anooraq and the value of the assets of Anooraq, as determined in accordance with the regulations promulgate one third under the Investment Act, was $5 million or more, or if an order for review was made by the federal cabinet on the grounds that the investment related to Canada's cultural heritage or national identity, regardless of the value of the assets of Anooraq. An investment in the Common Shares by a WTO Investor, or by a non-Canadian when Anooraq was controlled by a WTO Investor, would be reviewable under theInvestment Act if it was an investment to acquire control of Anooraq and the value of the assets of Anooraq, as determined in accordance with the regulations promulgated under theInvestment Act, was not less than a specified amount, which for 2007 was CAD 281 million and for 2008 is CAD 295 million. A non-Canadian would acquire control of Anooraq for the purposes of theInvestment Act if the non-Canadian acquired a majority of the Common Shares. The acquisition of less than a majority but one-third or more of the Common Shares would be presumed to be an acquisition of control of Anooraq unless it could be established that, on the acquisition, Anooraq was not controlled in fact by the acquirer through the ownership of the Common Shares.
The foregoing assumes Anooraq will not engage in the production of uranium or own an interest in a producing uranium property in Canada, provide any financial service or transportation service or engage in a "cultural business", as the rules governing these businesses are different.
Certain transactions relating to the Common Shares would be exempt from theInvestment Act, including
(a) | an acquisition of the Common Shares by a person in the ordinary course of that person's business as a trader or dealer in securities, |
- 95 -
(b) | an acquisition of control of Anooraq in connection with the realization of security granted for a loan or other financial assistance and not for a purpose related to the provisions of theInvestment Act, and |
(c) | an acquisition of control of Anooraq by reason of an amalgamation, merger, consolidation or corporate reorganization following which the ultimate direct or indirect control in fact of Anooraq, through the ownership of the Common Shares, remained unchanged. |
Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences for United States Residents
The following, in management's understanding, summarizes the principal Canadian federal income tax consequences generally applicable to the holding and disposition of Common Shares by a holder (in this summary, a "U.S. Holder") who, at all relevant times, (a) for the purposes of theIncome Tax Act (Canada) (the "Tax Act"), is not resident in Canada, deals at arm's length with Anooraq, holds the Common Shares as capital property and does not use or hold the Common Shares in the course of carrying on, or otherwise in connection with, a business in Canada, and (b) for the purposes of the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention, 1980 (the "Treaty"), is a resident solely of the United States, has never been a resident of Canada, and has not held or used (and does not hold or use) Common Shares in connection with a permanent establishment or fixed base in Canada. This summary does not apply to traders or dealers in securities, persons who acquired their common shares in a transaction considered for purposes of the Tax Act to be an adventure or concern in the nature of trade, limited liability companies, tax-exempt entities, insurers, financial institutions (including those to which the mark-to-market provisions of the Tax Act apply), or any other U.S. Holder to which special considerations apply.
This summary is based on the current provisions of the Tax Act including all regulations there under, the Treaty, all proposed amendments to the Tax Act, the regulations and the Treaty publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance to the date hereof, and the current published administrative practices of the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. It has been assumed that all currently proposed amendments will be enacted as proposed and that there will be no other relevant change in any governing law or administrative practice, although no assurances can be given in these respects. This summary does not take into account provincial, U.S., state or other foreign income tax law or practice. The tax consequences to any particular U.S. Holder will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation or other entity, the jurisdictions in which that holder is subject to taxation, and generally according to that holder's particular circumstances. Accordingly, this summary is not, and is not to be construed as, Canadian tax advice to any particular U.S. Holder. U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors for advice with respect to their own particular circumstances.
Dividends
Dividends paid or credited or deemed to be paid or credited to a U.S. Holder by Anooraq will normally be subject to Canadian withholding tax. Under the Treaty, the rate of withholding tax on dividends paid to a U.S. Holder that beneficially owns such dividends is generally limited to 15% of the gross amount of the dividend (or 5% if the U.S. Holder is a corporation and beneficially owns at least 10% of Anooraq's voting shares). Anooraq will be required to withhold the applicable withholding tax from any such dividend and remit it to the Canadian government for the U.S. Holder's account.
- 96 -
Disposition
A U.S. Holder is not subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of a capital gain realized on the disposition of a Common Share provided that the share is not "taxable Canadian property" to the holder thereof. If the Common Shares are listed on a prescribed stock exchange, which currently includes the American Stock Exchange, a Common Share generally will not be taxable Canadian property to a U.S. Holder if, at any time during the 60 months preceding the disposition, the U.S. Holder or persons with whom the U.S. Holder did not deal at arm's length alone or together owned, or had an interest or option in respect of, 25% or more of Anooraq's issued shares of any class or series.
A U.S. Holder whose Common Shares do constitute taxable Canadian property, and who might therefore be liable for Canadian income tax under the Tax Act on a disposition or deemed disposition of such shares, will generally be relieved from such liability under the Treaty unless the value of the shares of the Company at the time of disposition is derived principally from real property situated in Canada within the meaning of the Treaty. Management of Anooraq believes that the value of Anooraq's Common Shares is not currently derived principally from real property situated in Canada. U.S. Holders whose Common Shares are taxable Canadian property should consult their own advisors regarding filing and other Canadian federal tax considerations.
United States Tax Consequences
United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following is a general discussion of material United States federal income tax consequences, under current law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as hereinafter defined) of common shares of Anooraq. This discussion does not address all potentially relevant federal income tax matters and it does not address consequences peculiar to persons subject to special provisions of federal income tax law, such as those described below as excluded from the definition of a U.S. Holder. In addition, this discussion does not cover any state, local or foreign tax consequences (see Item 10E – "Taxation – Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences for United States Residents" above). Accordingly, holders and prospective holders of common shares of Anooraq should consult their own tax advisors about the specific federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences to them of purchasing, owning and disposing of common shares of Anooraq, based upon their individual circumstances.
The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable, any or all of which could be materially and adversely changed, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time and which are subject to differing interpretations. This discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, of any proposed legislation which, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time.
U.S. Holders
As used herein, a "U.S. Holder" means a holder of common shares of Anooraq who is a citizen or individual resident of the United States, a corporation or partnership created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, an estate whose income is taxable in the United States irrespective of source or a trust subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and control of a United States fiduciary as described Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code. This summary does not address the tax consequences to, and U.S. Holder does not include, persons subject to
- 97 -
specific provisions of federal income tax law, such as tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, non-resident alien individuals, persons or entities that have a "functional currency" other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, shareholders who hold common shares as part of a straddle, hedging or conversion transaction, and shareholders who acquired their common shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services. This summary is limited to U.S. Holders who own common shares as capital assets and who own (directly and indirectly, pursuant to applicable rules of constructive ownership) no more than 5% of the value of the total outstanding stock of Anooraq. This summary does not address the consequences to a person or entity holding an interest in a shareholder or the consequences to a person of the ownership, exercise or disposition of any options, warrants or other rights to acquire common shares. In addition, this summary does not address special rules applicable to United States persons (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) holding common shares through a foreign partnership or to foreign persons holding common shares through a domestic partnership.
Distribution on Common Shares of Anooraq
To the extent that a distribution paid to a U.S. holder on its common stock is not an excess distribution and is not a non-taxable distribution paid from earnings and profits previously included in income by a U.S. holder that has made a QEF election, the gross amount of such distribution (including any amount deducted in respect of withholding taxes) will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax as foreign source ordinary dividend income to the extent such a distribution is paid out of the Company’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited, subject to certain limitations, against the U.S. Holder's federal income tax liability or, alternatively, may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder's federal taxable income by those who itemize deductions. (See more detailed discussion at "Foreign Tax Credit" below). To the extent that distributions exceed current or accumulated earnings and profits of Anooraq, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder's adjusted basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of property. Preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder which is an individual, estate or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder which is a corporation.
In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Generally any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale or other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. dollars, will be ordinary income or loss. However, an individual whose realized gain does not exceed $200 will not recognize that gain, provided that there are no expenses associated with the transaction that meet the requirements for deductibility as a trade or business expense (other than travel expenses in connection with a business trip) or as an expense for the production of income.
Dividends paid on the common shares of Anooraq generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain United States corporations. A U.S. Holder which is a corporation and which owns shares representing at least 10% of the voting power and value of Anooraq may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to a 70% (or 80% if the U.S. Holder owns shares representing at least 20% of the voting power and value of Anooraq) deduction of the United States source portion of dividends received from Anooraq (unless Anooraq qualifies as a "passive foreign investment company," as defined below). Anooraq does not anticipate that it will earn any United States
- 98 -
income, however, and therefore does not anticipate that any U.S. Holder will be eligible for the dividends received deduction.
Under current Treasury Regulations, dividends paid on Anooraq's common shares, if any, generally will not be subject to information reporting and generally will not be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax. However, dividends and the proceeds from a sale of Anooraq's common shares paid in the U.S. through a U.S. or U.S. related paying agent (including a broker) will be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and may also be subject to the 28% U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the paying agent is furnished with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Foreign Tax Credit
A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of common shares of Anooraq may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either receive a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld. Generally, it will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer's income subject to tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and generally applies to all foreign taxes paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during that year. There are significant and complex limitations which apply to the credit, among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder's United States income tax liability that the U.S. Holder's foreign source income bears to his or its worldwide taxable income. In the determination of the application of this limitation, the various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources. Complex rules govern this classification process. In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income such as "passive income," "high withholding tax interest," "financial services income," "shipping income," and certain other classifications of income. Dividends distributed by Anooraq will generally constitute "passive income" or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, "financial services income" for these purposes. The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific, and U.S. Holders of common shares of Anooraq should consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.
Disposition of Common Shares of Anooraq
In general, U.S. Holders will recognize gain or loss upon the sale of common shares of Anooraq equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder's tax basis in the common shares of Anooraq. Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of U.S. Holders which are individuals, estates or trusts. In general, gain or loss on the sale of common shares of Anooraq will be long-term capital gain or loss if the common shares are a capital asset in the hands of the U.S. Holder and are held for more than one year. Deductions for net capital losses are subject to significant limitations. For U.S. Holders which are not corporations, any unused portion of such net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted. For U.S. Holders that are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.
- 99 -
Other Considerations
Set forth below are certain material exceptions to the above-described general rules describing the United States federal income tax consequences resulting from the holding and disposition of common shares:
Passive Foreign Investment Company
United States income tax law contains rules governing "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFIC") which can have significant tax effects on U.S. Holders of foreign corporations. These rules do not apply to non-U.S. Holders. Section 1297 of the Code defines a PFIC as a corporation that is not formed in the United States if, for any taxable year, either (i) 75% or more of its gross income is "passive income," which includes interest, dividends and certain rents and royalties or (ii) the average percentage, by fair market value (or, if the corporation is not publicly traded and either is a controlled foreign corporation or makes an election, by adjusted tax basis), of its assets that produce or are held for the production of "passive income" is 50% or more. Anooraq appears to have been a PFIC for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005 through December 31, 2007, and at least certain prior fiscal years. Each U.S. Holder of Anooraq is urged to consult a tax advisor with respect to how the PFIC rules affect such U.S. Holder's tax situation.
Each U.S. Holder who holds stock in a foreign corporation during any year in which such corporation qualifies as a PFIC is subject to United States federal income taxation under one of three alternative tax regimes at the election of such U.S. Holder. The following is a discussion of such alternative tax regimes applied to such U.S. Holders of Anooraq. In addition, special rules apply if a foreign corporation qualifies as both a PFIC and a "controlled foreign corporation" (as defined below) and a U.S. Holder owns, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote of such foreign corporation (See more detailed discussion at "Controlled Foreign Corporation" below).
A U.S. Holder who elects to treat Anooraq as a qualified electing fund ("QEF") will be subject, under Section 1293 of the Code, to current federal income tax for any taxable year to which the election applies in which Anooraq qualifies as a PFIC on his pro rata share of Anooraq's (i) "net capital gain" (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), which will be taxed as long-term capital gain, and (ii) "ordinary earnings" (the excess of earnings and profits over net capital gain), which will be taxed as ordinary income, in each case, for the shareholder's taxable year in which (or with which) Anooraq's taxable year ends, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in the common shares will be increased by any such amount that is included in income but not distributed.
The procedure a U.S. Holder must comply with in making an effective QEF election, and the consequences of such election, will depend on whether the year of the election is the first year in the U.S. Holder's holding period in which Anooraq is a PFIC. If the U.S. Holder makes a QEF election in such first year, i.e., a "timely" QEF election, then the U.S. Holder may make the QEF election by simply filing the appropriate documents at the time the U.S. Holder files his tax return for such first year. If, however, Anooraq qualified as a PFIC in a prior year during the U.S. Holder's holding period, then, in order to avoid the Section 1291 rules discussed below, in addition to filing documents, the U.S. Holder must elect to recognize under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code (discussed herein), (i) any gain that he would otherwise recognize if the U.S. Holder sold his stock on the qualification date or (ii) if Anooraq is a controlled foreign corporation, the U.S. Holder's pro rata share of Anooraq's post-1986 earnings and profits as of the qualification date. The qualification date is the first day of Anooraq's first tax year in which Anooraq qualified as a QEF with respect to such U.S. Holder. For purposes of this discussion, a
- 100 -
U.S. Holder who makes (i) a timely QEF election, or (ii) an untimely QEF election and either of the above-described gain-recognition elections under Section 1291 is referred to herein as an "Electing U.S. Holder." A U.S. Holder who holds common shares at any time during a year of Anooraq in which Anooraq is a PFIC and who is not an Electing U.S. Holder (including a U.S. Holder who makes an untimely QEF election and makes neither of the above-described gain-recognition elections) is referred to herein as a "Non-Electing U.S. Holder." An Electing U.S. Holder (i) generally treats any gain realized on the disposition of his Company common shares as capital gain; and (ii) may either avoid interest charges resulting from PFIC status altogether, or make an annual election, subject to certain limitations, to defer payment of current taxes on his share of Anooraq's annual realized net capital gain and ordinary earnings subject, however, to an interest charge. If the U.S. Holder is not a corporation, any interest charge imposed under the PFIC regime would be treated as "personal interest" that is not deductible.
In order for a U.S. Holder to make (or maintain) a valid QEF election, Anooraq must provide certain information regarding its net capital gains and ordinary earnings and permit its books and records to be examined to verify such information. Anooraq intends to make the necessary information available to U.S. Holders to permit them to make (and maintain) QEF elections with respect to Anooraq. Anooraq urges each U.S. Holder to consult a tax advisor regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, the QEF election.
A QEF election, once made with respect to Anooraq, applies to the tax year for which it was made and to all subsequent tax years, unless the election is invalidated or terminated, or the IRS consents to revocation of the election. If a QEF election is made by a U.S. Holder and Anooraq ceases to qualify as a PFIC in a subsequent tax year, the QEF election will remain in effect, although not applicable, during those tax years in which Anooraq does not qualify as a PFIC. Therefore, if Anooraq again qualifies as a PFIC in a subsequent tax year, the QEF election will be effective and the U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules described above for Electing U.S. Holders in such tax year and any subsequent tax years in which Anooraq qualifies as a PFIC. In addition, the QEF election remains in effect, although not applicable, with respect to an Electing U.S. Holder even after such U.S. Holder disposes of all of his or its direct and indirect interest in the shares of Anooraq. Therefore, if such U.S. Holder reacquires an interest in Anooraq, that U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules described above for Electing U.S. Holders for each tax year in which Anooraq qualifies as a PFIC.
In the case of a Non-Electing U.S. Holder, special taxation rules under Section 1291 of the Code will apply to (i) gains realized on the disposition (or deemed to be realized by reasons of a pledge) of his Company common shares and (ii) certain "excess distributions," as defined in Section 1291(b), by Anooraq.
A Non-Electing U.S. Holder generally would be required to pro rate all gains realized on the disposition of his Anooraq common shares and all excess distributions on his Anooraq common shares over the entire holding period for the common shares. All gains or excess distributions allocated to prior years of the U.S. Holder (excluding any portion of the holder's period prior to the first day of the first year of Anooraq (i) which began after December 31, 1986, and (ii) for which Anooraq was a PFIC) would be taxed at the highest tax rate for each such prior year applicable to ordinary income. The Non-Electing U.S. Holder also would be liable for interest on the foregoing tax liability for each such prior year calculated as if such liability had been due with respect to each such prior year. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder that is not a corporation must treat this interest charge as "personal interest" which, as discussed above, is wholly non-deductible. The balance, if any, of the gain or the excess distribution will be treated as ordinary income in the year of the disposition or distribution, and no interest charge will be incurred with respect to such balance. In certain circumstances, the sum of the tax and the PFIC interest charge may exceed the amount of the excess distribution received, or the amount of proceeds of disposition realized, by the U.S. Holder.
- 101 -
If Anooraq is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a Non-Electing U.S. Holder holds common shares, then Anooraq will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such common shares, even if it is no longer definitionally a PFIC. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules discussed above for Non-Electing U.S. Holders) as if such common shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year for which it was a PFIC.
Effective for tax years of U.S. Holders beginning after December 31, 1997, U.S. Holders who hold (actually or constructively) marketable stock of a foreign corporation that qualifies as a PFIC may elect to mark such stock to the market annually (a "mark-to-market election"). If such an election is made, such U.S. Holder will generally not be subject to the special taxation rules of Section 1291 discussed above. However, if the mark-to-market election is made by a Non-Electing U.S. Holder after the beginning of the holding period for the PFIC stock, then the Section 1291 rules will apply to certain dispositions of, distributions on and other amounts taxable with respect to Anooraq common shares. A U.S. Holder who makes the mark-to market election will include in income for each taxable year for which the election is in effect an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares of Anooraq as of the close of such tax year over such U.S. Holder's adjusted basis in such common shares. In addition, the U.S. Holder is allowed a deduction for the lesser of (i) the excess, if any, of such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares over the fair market value of such shares as of the close of the tax year, or (ii) the excess, if any, of (A) the mark-to-market gains for the common shares in Anooraq included by such U.S. Holder for prior tax years, including any amount which would have been treated as a mark-to-market gain for any prior tax year but for the Section 1291 rules discussed above with respect to Non-Electing U.S. Holders, over (B) the mark-to-market losses for shares that were allowed as deductions for prior tax years. A U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares of Anooraq will be adjusted to reflect the amount included in or deducted from income as a result of a mark-to-market election. A mark-to-market election applies to the taxable year in which the election is made and to each subsequent taxable year, unless Anooraq common shares cease to be marketable, as specifically defined, or the IRS consents to revocation of the election. Because the IRS has not established procedures for making a mark-to-market election, U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisor regarding the manner of making such an election. No view is expressed regarding whether common shares of Anooraq are marketable for these purposes or whether the election will be available.
Under Section 1291(f) of the Code, the IRS has issued Proposed Treasury Regulations that, subject to certain exceptions, would treat as taxable certain transfers of PFIC stock by Non-Electing U.S. Holders that are generally not otherwise taxed, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death. Generally, in such cases the basis of Anooraq common shares in the hands of the transferee and the basis of any property received in the exchange for those common shares would be increased by the amount of gain recognized. Under the Proposed Treasury Regulations, an Electing U.S. Holder would not be taxed on certain transfers of PFIC stock, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death. The transferee's basis in this case will depend on the manner of the transfer. In the case of a transfer by an Electing U.S. Holder upon death, for example, the transferee's basis is generally equal to the fair market value of the Electing U.S. Holder's common shares as of the date of death under Section 1014 of the Code. The specific tax effect to the U.S. Holder and the transferee may vary based on the manner in which the common shares are transferred. Each U.S. Holder of Anooraq is urged to consult a tax advisor with respect to how the PFIC rules affect his or its tax situation.
Whether or not a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election with respect to common shares of Anooraq, certain adverse rules may apply in the event that both Anooraq and any foreign corporation in which Anooraq directly or indirectly holds shares is a PFIC (a "lower-tier PFIC"). Pursuant to certain Proposed
- 102 -
Treasury Regulations, a U.S. Holder would be treated as owning his or its proportionate amount of any lower-tier PFIC shares, and generally would be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to such indirectly-held PFIC shares unless such U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election with respect thereto. Anooraq intends to make the necessary information available to U.S. Holders to permit them to make (and maintain) QEF elections with respect to each subsidiary of Anooraq that is a PFIC.
Under the Proposed Treasury Regulations, a U.S. Holder who does not make a timely QEF election with respect to a lower-tier PFIC generally would be subject to tax (and the PFIC interest charge) on (i) any excess distribution deemed to have been received with respect to his or its lower-tier PFIC shares and (ii) any gain deemed to arise from a so-called "indirect disposition" of such shares. For this purpose, an indirect disposition of lower-tier PFIC shares would generally include (i) a disposition by Anooraq (or an intermediate entity) of lower-tier PFIC shares, and (ii) any other transaction resulting in a diminution of the U.S. Holder's proportionate ownership of the lower-tier PFIC, including an issuance of additional common shares by Anooraq (or an intermediate entity). Accordingly, each prospective U.S. Holder should be aware that he or it could be subject to tax even if such U.S. Holder receives no distributions from Anooraq and does not dispose of its common shares.Anooraq strongly urges each prospective U.S. Holder to consult a tax advisor with respect to the adverse rules applicable, under the Proposed Treasury Regulations, to U.S. Holders of lower-tier PFIC shares.
Certain special, generally adverse, rules will apply with respect to Company common shares while Anooraq is a PFIC unless the U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election. For example under Section 1298(b)(6) of the Code, a U.S. Holder who uses PFIC stock as security for a loan (including a margin loan) will, except as may be provided in regulations, be treated as having made a taxable disposition of such shares.
Controlled Foreign Corporation
If more than 50% of the total combined voting power of all classes of shares entitled to vote or the total value of the shares of Anooraq is owned, actually or constructively, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships or corporation, or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts (as defined by the Code Section 7701(a)(31)), each of which own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of shares entitled to vote of Anooraq ("United States Shareholder"), Anooraq could be treated as a controlled foreign corporation ("CFC") under Subpart F of the Code. This classification would effect many complex results, one of which is the inclusion of certain income of a CFC which is subject to current U.S. tax. The United States generally taxes United States Shareholders of a CFC currently on their pro rata shares of the Subpart F income of the CFC. Such United States Shareholders are generally treated as having received a current distribution out of the CFC's Subpart F income and are also subject to current U.S. tax on their pro rata shares of increases in the CFC's earnings invested in U.S. property. The foreign tax credit described above may reduce the U.S. tax on these amounts. In addition, under Section 1248 of the Code, gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder of common shares of Anooraq which is or was a United States Shareholder at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or exchange is treated as ordinary income to the extent of earnings and profits of Anooraq attributable to the shares sold or exchanged. If a foreign corporation is both a PFIC and a CFC, the foreign corporation generally will not be treated as a PFIC with respect to United States Shareholders of the CFC. This rule generally will be effective for taxable years of United States Shareholders beginning after 1997 and for taxable years of foreign corporations ending with or within such taxable years of United States Shareholders. Special rules apply to United States Shareholders who are subject to the special taxation rules under Section 1291 discussed above with respect to a PFIC. Because of the complexity of Subpart F, a more detailed review of these rules is outside of the scope of this discussion. Anooraq does not believe that it currently qualifies as a CFC.
- 103 -
However, there can be no assurance that Anooraq will not be considered a CFC for the current or any future taxable year.
F. | Dividends and Paying Agents |
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Exhibits attached to this Form 20-F /A are also available for viewing at the offices of Anooraq, Suite 1020 –800 West Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 2V6 or on request of Anooraq at 604-684-6365, attention Shirley Main. Copies of Anooraq's financial statements and other continuous disclosure documents required under theSecurities Act (British Columbia) are available for viewing on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
Anooraq has two subsidiary companies incorporated in the Cayman Island and one incorporated in South Africa. The articles of these companies do not have unusual provisions which would adversely affect Anooraq's ability to exercise control over them as their parent company.
- 104 -
| |
ITEM 11 | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Anooraq's operations do not employ financial instruments or derivatives which are market sensitive and therefore Anooraq is not subject to the financial market risks associated with such instruments and derivatives.
(a) | Exchange Rate Sensitivity |
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into transactions for the purchase of supplies and services denominated in South African rand. In addition, the Company has cash and certain liabilities denominated in South African rand (refer to (c) below). As a result, the Company is subject to foreign exchange risk from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. The Company has not entered into any derivative or other financial instruments to mitigate this foreign exchange risk.
The Company operates in South Africa, and like other foreign entities operating there, is subject to currency Exchange Controls administered by the South African Reserve Bank, the country's central bank. A significant portion of the Company's funding structure for its South African operations consists of advancing loans to its South Africa incorporated subsidiaries and it is possible the Company may not be able to acceptably repatriate such funds once those subsidiaries are able to repay the loans or repatriate other funds such as operating profits should any develop.
Anooraq has a financing agreement with Anglo Platinum whereby Anglo Platinum, through its wholly owned subsidiary Rustenburg Platinum Mines, loaned an amount of ZAR70 million to Plateau. The loan bears interest at prime plus two percent, as quoted by the Standard Bank of South Africa and is subject to interest rate change risks.
While the value of Anooraq’s resource properties can always be said to relate to the price of platinum group metals and the outlook for same, Anooraq does not have any operating mines and hence does not have any hedging or other commodity based risks respecting its operations.
- 105 -
| |
ITEM 12 | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
Not applicable.
- 106 -
- 107 -
| |
ITEM 13 | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES |
None.
- 108 -
| |
ITEM 14 | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THERIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None.
- 109 -
| |
ITEM 15 | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Section 1.01 Internal Controls over Financial Reporting Procedures
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and the board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP.
Section 1.02 Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act.
While our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer believe that our disclosure controls and procedures provide a reasonable level of assurance of effectiveness, they do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system will be met.
- 110 -
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
Composition of the Audit Committee
The board of directors has determined that Mr. David Elliott is a member of the audit committee of the Company who qualifies as an audit committee "financial expert" based on his education and experience. Mr. Elliott is "independent", as that term is defined by the rules of the American Stock Exchange. Mr. Elliott is an accredited Chartered Accountant in Canada.
Relevant Education and Experience
As a result of their education and experience, each member of the Audit Committee has familiarity with, an understanding of, or experience in:
- the accounting principles used by the Company to prepare its financial statements, and the ability to assess the general application of those principles in connection with estimates, accruals and reserves;
- reviewing or evaluating financial statements that present a breadth and level of complexity of accounting issues that are generally comparable to the breadth and complexity of issues that can reasonably be expected to be raised by the Company's financial statements, and
- an understanding of internal controls and procedures for financial reporting.
Mr. Kirk is an experienced securities lawyer, Dr. Molefe is an experienced businessman and Mr Elliott is a Chartered Accountant.
Item 16B. Code of Ethics
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to the Company’s chief executive officer, the chief financial officer, other members of senior management and to employees and consultants generally which is included in the corporate governance policies and procedures manual adopted by the Board of the Company in November, 2007 (The “Code of Ethics”). As adopted, the Company's Code of Ethics sets forth standards that are designed, among other things, to prevent wrongdoing and to promote:
honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;
full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that the Company files with, or submits to, the Securities and Exchange Commission and in other public communications made by the Company;
compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations;
the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code of Ethics to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code of Ethics; and
- 111 -
- accountability for adherence to the Code of Ethics.
If any person becomes aware of a breach, or suspected breach, of the Code of Ethics, that person must report it immediately to his or her manager and the Company’s corporate secretary for action. If this is inappropriate or uncomfortable for the individual, the breach, or suspected breach, should be reported to another member of the senior management team and the corporate secretary for action. The Code of Ethics forms part of the conditions of employment for every one of the Company’s employees and officers, and also applies to its directors and contractors. Failure to comply with the Code of Ethics can result in disciplinary action including, where appropriate, dismissal.
The Code of Ethics is attached as an exhibit to this Form 20-F /A .
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The Audit Committee has reviewed the nature and amount of the audit and non-audit services provided by KPMG to the Company to ensure auditor independence. Fees incurred with KPMG for audit and non-audit services in the last two fiscal years are outlined in the following table.
Nature of Services | Fees paid to auditor in year ended December 31, 2007 | Fees paid to auditor in year ended December 31, 2006 |
Audit Fees (1) | $135,000 | $164,000 |
Audit-Related Fees (2) | $32,500 | $17,000 |
Tax Fees (3) | Nil | Nil |
All Other Fees (4) | Nil | Nil |
Total | $167,500 | $ 181,000 |
Notes:
| 1. | "Audit Fees" include fees necessary to perform the annual audit and quarterly reviews of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Audit Fees include fees for review of tax provisions and for accounting consultations on matters reflected in the financial statements. Audit Fees also include audit or other attest services required by legislation or regulation, such as comfort letters, consents, reviews of securities filings and statutory audits. |
| | |
| 2. | "Audit-Related Fees" include services that are traditionally performed by the auditor. These audit-related services include employee benefit audits, due diligence assistance, accounting consultations on proposed transactions, internal control reviews and audit or attest services not required by legislation or regulation. |
| | |
| 3. | "Tax Fees" include fees for all tax services other than those included in "Audit Fees" and "Audit-Related Fees". This category includes fees for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice. Tax planning and tax advice includes assistance with tax audits and appeals, tax advice related to mergers and acquisitions, and requests for rulings or technical advice from tax authorities. |
| | |
| 4. | "All Other Fees" include all other non-audit services. |
The Company has procedures for the review and pre-approval of any services performed by its auditors. The procedures require that all proposed engagements of its auditors for audit and non-audit services be submitted to the Audit Committee for approval prior to the beginning of any such services. The Audit Committee considers such requests, and, if acceptable to a majority of the Audit Committee members, pre-approves such audit and non-audit services by a resolution authorizing management to engage the Company’s auditors for such audit and non-audit services, with set maximum dollar amounts for each
- 112 -
itemized service. During such deliberations, the Audit Committee assesses, among other factors, whether the services requested would be considered "prohibited services" as contemplated by the regulations of the US Securities and Exchange Commission, and whether the services requested and the fees related to such services could impair the independence of the auditors.
Item 16D. Exemptions from Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Not applicable.
Item 16E. Purchases Of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
None.
- 113 -
PART III
- 114 -
| |
ITEM 17 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The following attached financial statements are incorporated herein:
| 1. | Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP) on the consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005; |
| | |
| 2. | Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP) on internal controls over financial reporting; |
| | |
| 3. | Consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2007, and 2006; |
| | |
| 4. | Consolidated statements of operations and and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005; |
| | |
| 5. | Consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the periods refereed to in (3) above; |
| | |
| 6. | Consolidated statements of cash flows for the periods referred to in (3) above; |
| | |
| 7. | Notes to the consolidated financial statements. |
- 115 -
| |
ITEM 18 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Not Applicable. See Item 17.
- 116 -
The following exhibits which are incorporated by reference herein have been filed with previously-filed Form 20-F Annual Report:
1 | Articles of the Company. Incorporated by reference to Anooraq’s Annual Report on Form 20-F /A for the year ended October 31, 2000 |
4A | Joint Venture Agreement between PPL and Plateau dated November 25, 2003. Incorporated by reference to Anooraq’s Annual Report on Form 20-F /A for the year ended October 31, 2003 |
4A | Share Exchange Agreement between Pelawan and Anooraq dated January 21, 2004. Incorporated by reference to Anooraq’s Annual Report on Form 20-F /A for the year ended October 31, 2003 |
4A.1 | Shareholders Agreement between Pelawan, Anooraq and the Pelawan Trust made as of September 19, 2004 |
11 | Code of Ethics. Incorporated by reference to Anooraq’s Annual Report on Form 20-F /A for the year ended October 31, 2003 |
4A.1 | Term Loan Agreement between Rustenburg Mines Limited and Plateau Resources (Pty) Limited signed on October 31, 2006 |
4A.2 | The Settlement Agreement between Pelawan, Anooraq and the Pelawan Trust made as of December 28, 2006 |
The following exhibits are filed with this Form 20-F /A Annual Report:
- 117 -
- 118 -
SIGNATURES
Anooraq hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F /A and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
ANOORAQ RESOURCES CORPORATION
Per:
/s/ Iemrahn Hassen | |
| |
IEMRAHN HASSEN | |
Director, Chief Financial Officer, and Secretary | |
DATED: August 19, 2008